A Monthly Bulletin of Defence Research nEWSLETTER and Development Organisation ISSN: 0971-4391 www.drdo.gov.in January 2020 | volume 40 | issue 1 DRDO tests Pinaka artillery Missile System in salvo mode

Innovation >> p05 focus >> p24 mou >> p07 Drdo series >> p27 hrd activities >> p18 Visits >> p30 DRDO Newsletter

JANUARY 2020 Volume 40 | Issue 1 Contents ISSN: 0971-4391 Cover story 04 Pinaka Artillery Missile System Tested in Salvo Mode

Innovation 05

QRSAM Successfully Test-Fired off Odisha Coast BrahMos Tested from Land and Air Platforms

2 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in DRDO newsletter

MoU 07 Opinion 21

Events 07 Focus 24 DRDO SERIES 27

Personnel news 29 Visits 30

HRD activities 18

40th Year of Publication

Editor-in-Chief: Dr Alka Suri Website: https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/pub/ Associate Editor-in-Chief: B Nityanand newsletter/ Managing Editor: Manoj Kumar Please mail your feedback at: Editor: Dipti Arora [email protected] Editorial Assistance: Biak Tangpua Multimedia: RK Bhatnagar Contact: 011-23902403; 23902474 Printing: SK Gupta Fax: 011-23819151 Distribution: Tapesh Sinha, RP Singh

Local Correspondents Ambernath: Dr Susan Titus, Naval Materials Research Laboratory (NMRL); Chandipur: Shri PN Panda, Integrated Test Range (ITR); Bengaluru: Shri Subbukutti S, Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE); Smt MR Bhuvaneswari, Centre for Airborne Systems (CABS); Smt Faheema AGJ, Centre for Artificial Intelligence & Robotics (CAIR); Ms Tripty Rani Bose, Centre for Military Airworthiness & Certification (CEMILAC); Smt Josephine Nirmala M, Defence Avionics Research Establishment (DARE); Smt Anuya Venkatesh, Defence Bioengineering & Electromedical Laboratory (DEBEL); Shri Venkatesh Prabhu, Electronics & Radar Development Establishment (LRDE); Dr Vishal Kesari, Microwave Tube Research & Development Centre (MTRDC); Chandigarh: Dr HS Gusain, Snow & Avalanche Study Establishment (SASE); Dr Prince Sharma, Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory (TBRL); Chennai: Smt S Jayasudha, Combat Vehicles Research & Development Establishment (CVRDE); Dehradun: Shri Abhai Mishra, Defence Electronics Applications Laboratory (DEAL); Shri JP Singh, Instruments Research & Development Establishment (IRDE); Delhi: Shri Ashutosh Bhatnagar, Centre for Personnel Talent Management (CEPTAM); Dr Dipti Prasad, Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS); Dr Nidhi Maheshwari, Defence Institute of Psychological Research (DIPR); Shri Navin Soni, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS); Shri Anurag Pathak, Institute for Systems Studies & Analyses (ISSA); Dr Indu Gupta, Laser Science & Technology Centre (LASTEC); Ms Noopur Shrotriya, Scientific Analysis Group (SAG); Dr Rupesh Kumar Chaubey, Solid State Physics Laboratory (SSPL); Gwalior: Shri RK Srivastava, Defence R&D Establishment (DRDE); Haldwani: Dr Atul Grover, Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research (DIBER); Hyderabad: Shri Hemant Kumar, Advanced Systems Laboratory (ASL); Shri Pramod K Jha, Centre for Advanced Systems (CAS); Dr JK Rai, Advanced Numerical Research & Analysis Group (ANURAG); Ms Bidisha Lahiri, Centre for High Energy Systems & Sciences (CHESS); Shri ARC Murthy, Defence Electronics Research Laboratory (DLRL); Dr Manoj Kumar Jain, Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL); Dr K Nageswara Rao, Defence Research & Development Laboratory (DRDL); Shri Lalith Shankar, Research Centre Imarat (RCI); Jagdalpur: Dr Gaurav Agnihotri, SF Complex (SFC); Jodhpur: Shri Ravindra Kumar, Defence Laboratory (DL); Kanpur: Shri AK Singh, Defence Materials & Stores Research & Development Establishment (DMSRDE); Kochi: Smt Letha MM, Naval Physical & Oceanographic Laboratory (NPOL); Leh: Dr Dorjey Angchok, Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR); Mussoorie: Dr Gopa B Choudhury, Institute of Technology Management (ITM); Mysuru: Dr M Palmurugan, Defence Food Research Laboratory (DFRL); Pune: Dr (Mrs) JA Kanetkar, Armament Research and Development Establishment (ARDE); Dr Vijay Pattar, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DIAT); Shri AM Devale, High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL); Shri SS Arole, Research & Development Establishment (Engrs) [R&DE (E)]; Tezpur: Dr Jayshree Das, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL)

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 3 Cover story

Pinaka Artillery Missile System tested in salvo mode

inaka, an Artillery Missile were launched in salvo mode with Research and Development System, developed by DRDO 60 seconds interval between two Establishment (ARDE), Research Pwas flight-tested from the firings. Both the missiles were fired Centre Imarat (RCI), Defence Integrated Test Range (ITR), with high accuracy to engage a target Research and Development Chandipur off the Odisha coast on 19 located at 20 km. The missile was Laboratory (DRDL), Proof and and 20 December 2019. In the trial integrated with live warhead with Experimental Establishment (PXE), conducted on 19 December missile proximity fuse and was tracked and High Energy Materials Research was fired at 75 kilometre range. by multiple range systems, viz., Laboratory (HEMRL). In the second trial on 20 December, telemetry, radars, Electro-Optical Secretary Department of the mission objective was to test low Tracking System, which confirmed Defence R&D and Chairman DRDO range, functioning of live warhead the text book flight performance. Dr G Satheesh Reddy congratulated along with its proximity initiation, The system has been jointly the teams involved in the flight trials. and salvo launch. Two Pinaka missiles developed by DRDO’s Armament

4 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in Innovation DRDO newsletter

QRSAM successfully test-fired off Odisha coast uick Reaction Surface-to- operates on the move, comprises seeker developed indigenously by Air Missile (QRSAM) system a fully automated Command and DRDO. The missile successfully Qdeveloped by DRDO was Control System, Active Array Battery engaged the aerial target establishing successfully flight-tested from ITR, Surveillance Radar, Active Array its capability. With this successful Chandipur on 23 December 2019. Battery Multifunction Radar and a testing, the developmental trials of The missile was flight-tested with full Launcher. Both radars are four-walled the weapon system are complete and configuration in deployment mode having 360o coverage with search on the system is expected to be ready for and intercepted the target in mid- move and track on move capability. induction by 2021. air meeting the mission objectives. The system is compact with Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath The entire event was monitored by minimum number of vehicles for Singh and Secretary, Department of Ground Telemetry Systems, Range a firing unit. Single stage solid Defence R&D and Chairman DRDO Radar Systems, Electro-Optical propelled missile has mid-course Dr G Satheesh Reddy congratulated Tracking System, etc. inertial navigation system with two- the teams involved in the flight trials The QRSAM weapon system, which way data link and terminal active and development of QRSAM.

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 5 Innovation

BrahMos tested from land and air platforms

RDO, Indian Air Force (IAF) and BrahMos jointly Dconducted two tests, one each from land and air platforms, of BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles on 17 December 2019. The first launch was from a land- based mobile launcher. Most of the components of the tested BrahMos were indigenous including its airframe, fuel management system and the seeker designed by DRDO. The second launch of the missile was carried out by the IAF from Su-30 Mk I against a sea target. The test conducted in user configuration, revalidated the ship attack capability of the advanced Air Launched Cruise Missile (ALCM). During the test, the missile was gravity dropped from the combat aircraft’s fuselage. The two-stage missile propelled towards the intended target at the sea and hit it with pinpoint accuracy. IAF had successfully tested the missile against a land-based target in the Car Nicobar Islands region earlier also on 22 May 2019. The BrahMos ALCM promises to bolster the air combat capability of IAF from stand-off ranges.

6 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in MOU DRDO newsletter

Indian Navy & INMAS signs MoU Memorandum of Dr Tarun Sekhri, OS and Director domain drugs and devices, training Understanding (MoU) was INMAS and Surg. Vice Admiral MV and consultancy in the areas of mutual Asigned between Director Singh, AVSM, PHS, DGMS (N) signed interest. General Medical Services (Navy) the MoU. The MoU is the result of continuous and Director, Institute of Nuclear The MoU envisages the active efforts by bilateral authorities and Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS) collaboration between both the executors over a period of last six at Sena Bhawan, New Delhi. agencies for research, provisioning of years.

Events DRDO PARTICIPATES IN DUBAI AIR SHOW 2019 RDO along with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited and Bharat DDynamics Limited participated in Dubai Air Show 2019 held at Al Maktoum International Airport, Dubai from 17 to 21 November 2019. DRDO showcased its static models of key export ready products, which included Light Combat Aircraf Tejas, Airborne Early Warning & Control System, HELINA Missile System, ASTRA Missile System, Onboard Oxygen Generating System (OBOGS), Low Level Transportable Radar (LLTR), Brake Parachutes for Fighter Jets, Athermal Laser Designator

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 7 Events

and Low Frequency Dunking Sonar. Shri Viney Gupta, Trade and technologies received lots of Air Marshal Harjeet Singh Arora, Commissioner, Govt of Canada; attention of the visitors. The presence Vice Chief of Air Staff, inaugurated Captain Mouhamad Loubani, in Dubai Air Show is a major step the Indian Pavilion. VIPs who National Defence HQ, Canada; Vice towards exploring export potential of visited DRDO pavilion included chief of Morocco Air Force; and technologies developed by DRDO and Crown Prince of Dubai; Shri Pavan officials from UAE and Saudi Arabia realization of Government of India’s Kapoor, Ambassador of India at UAE; Defence Services. DRDO’s products Make in India initiative. World Quality Day Celebrations

orld Quality Day is being Revision in R&D Environment and its celebrated worldwide Effectiveness.” The speakers shared Wsince 2008 on the second their experiences on the importance Thursday of November every year to of quality in all areas of work. More increase awareness of the important than 150 participants attended the contribution that quality makes programme. towards both organizational as well as national growth and prosperity. DMRL, Hyderabad Various organizations across the world Shri JS Yadav, Sc ‘G’, in his welcome take part in a number of activities such address highlighted the implementation as seminars, presentations, quizzes, of Quality Assurance in R&D from competitions at their work place. project inception to the final product The following DRDO labs/estts also realisation. Dr Vikas Kumar, DS & celebrated World Quality Day at their Shri S Saratchandran delivering talk on Director, DMRL, delivered the Quality Quality Practices at VSSC respective places: Day address and emphasized the DEBEL, BEngaluru importance of Quality Assurance as an ARDE, Pune Mrs Manimozhi Theodore, OS and integral part of the projects. Cmde S A lecture by Shri S Saratchandran, Director, Defence Biomedical and Nandula, former Director, DQRS, DRDO GD (QFRG), VSSC, Thiruvananth- Electromedical Laboratory (DEBEL) HQ, delivered a lecture encompassing apuram, on “Quality Practices at VSSC” inaugurated the function and addressed the theme of World Quality Day 2019— was organised. Besides, lectures on the audience. Invited talks were “100 Years of Quality”. He outlined the “Advanced Tools & Techniques in delivered by Dr TL Dhanabalan, former importance of observing World Quality Quality” by Mr Hemant Urdhwareshe, Deputy Director, ISRO, on “Rendezvous Day and the significant contribution Director, Institute of Quality & with Quality” and Shri S Padmanaban, of quality in advancements of various Reliability, India, and “Industry Consultant, SAAI TQM Solutions technologies. Perspective on Quality” by Shri Yogesh on “Implementation of AS 9100 Shri CVS Sai Prasad, Pitkar, GM (Six Sigma & Lean Mfg), Sc ‘G’ & Director (Q&R), DG (MSS), John Deere Technology Centre, India Hyderabad, delivered a talk on “Mission were also organised. A demo on Minitab Assurance in Aerospace Systems.” He Software by Digilogic was also held. spoke about failures of various space ARDE employees actively participated systems and their major causes. in quality slogan and quiz competitions. In recent years, a number of ARDE scientists have become Certified Quality Engineer (CQE) and Certified Reliability Engineer (CRE) from ASQ. The successful participants were felicitated by Director, ARDE. Quality practices observed by project groups and contributions by individuals for the Dr TL Dhanabalan delivering his talk on Dr Vikas Kumar felicitating the speakers same were acknowledged. Rendezvous with Quality

8 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in Events DRDO newsletter

HEMRL, Pune occurrence and the risk management techniques. Linking this to projects, As a part of World Quality he explained about management of Day celebrations, article writing scope, schedule and cost of project with competition on “Innovative Techniques acceptable risk. to Enhance the Quality in Processing of High Energy Materials and NPOL, Kochi Allied Products” and slogan writing Shri T Gopalakrishnan, competition in Hindi, English & Sc ‘H’ & GD (Q&R), Mission & Software Marathi on “Quality” were organised. Group, VSSC, Thiruvananthapuram, Dr TK Varadrajan, Joint Controller CQA Inauguration session of World Quality Day Celebration at ITR delivered a technical talk on “Software (ME), Pune, the Chief Guest delivered in his inaugural address highlighted QA Processes: An ISRO Perspective.” keynote address on “Quality Assurance the importance of quality in test firing He covered the quality aspects to Practices: Global Perspective.” Shri of missiles. Shri PK Mohanty, Sc ‘G’ be taken care for any mission and C Gururaja Rao, AD (QARD), briefed delivered a lecture on “QMS Procedures elaborated the quality and reliability about the steps taken by HEMRL to and the QR, HR & Audit Effectiveness” aspects of software processes in ISRO. improve the quality of the products and being adopted in ITR making it a world- He added that simulation before actual services delivered by the laboratory. class test range. More than 100 officers launch is the strength of VSSC, since and staff attended the programme. failure in any software element can be catastrophic. Smt KH Kochaleema, MTRDC, Bengaluru Sc ‘G’ & GD (QRS) in her welcome Microwave Tube Research and speech briefed the importance of quality, Development Centre (MTRDC), reliability and safety in projects. Shri S organised a lecture on “Significance of Vijayan Pillai, OS & Director NPOL in Robust Reliability & Quality Assurance his inaugural speech stressed the need Structure” by Shri Jagadeesh Kumar for quality and reliability procedures to R., AGM and Head of Nalanda, Bharat be followed in sonar R&D. Dr Manoj Gupta presenting memento to Electronics Limited Academy of A new portal ‘System Engineering Dr TK Varadrajan Excellence. Shri Kumar brought out the & Technology Management’ was INMAS, Delhi difference between quality control and launched by Shri S Vijayan Pillai. The quality assurance. He emphasized on the portal would facilitate NPOL scientists Institute of Nuclear Medicine & need for quality from the requirement with templates and documentation Allied Sciences (INMAS) organized specification and design stage itself, for project approvals, project a lecture on “Quality Management and the importance of quality through documentation and closure. Dr K Ajith in Research & Development by Shri explanation of corrective and preventive Kumar, Sc ‘G’ & Associate Director Rohan Sharma, Sc ‘D’, Centre for Fire, actions and root cause analysis. He (SE&TM) delivered a talk in which he Explosives and Environment Safety also talked about risk categorization introduced a new framework for sonar (CFEES), Delhi. based on the impact and frequency of project development using the systems engineering principles.

Dr Tarun Sekhri, Director, INMAS delivering his World Quality Day address

ITR, Chandipur Shri Jagadeesh Kumar R delivering talk on Shri HK Ratha, Sc ‘G’, Offg. Significance of Robust Reliability & Quality Director, Integrated Test Range (ITR), Assurance Structure

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 9 Events

DIBER participates in RAIBAAR at Tehri & ICAR- Vivekanand Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan Kisan Mela at almora efence Institute of Bio-Energy of farmers by scientific cultivation of technologies of DIBER displayed at the Research (DIBER), Haldwani, European vegetables, medicinal plants, exhibition. Dparticipated in Uttarakhand and by utilizing hydroponics and DIBER also participated in Kisan State Foundation Day Celebration— hydro fodder technologies developed Mela organized by ICAR-Vivekanand RAIBAAR 2 at Tehri Garwal on 3 by DIBER. She also emphasized on Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan November 2019. Hon’ble CM of state-wide replication of pilot project (VPKAS), Almora, on 15 November Uttarakhand Shri Trivendra Singh of DIBER in collaboration with Border 2019. Rawat, Hon’ble CM of Uttar Pradesh Road Organization for soil stabilization The mela was inaugurated by Yogi Adityanath, and Chief of Army of hills by planting specific grasses Prof. Arup Pattanaik, Director, ICAR- Staff General Bipin Rawat were present to address the issue of landslides at VPKAS and Smt Priyanka Singh, Chief on the occasion. Dr Madhu Bala, highways and generating employment Agriculture Officer, Almora. Various Director, DIBER, briefed the dignitaries opportunities. products and technologies developed about the technological solutions Hydroponics, hydro fodder, soil less by DIBER were displayed in the Mela. developed by DIBER for improving the cultivation, nursery production, herbal DIBER stall was highly appreciated by livelihood in Uttarakhand in general and medicinal mushroom products, dignitaries and masses alike. and that of border villages in particular. hybrids/varieties of high-altitude She elaborated on doubling the income vegetables were some of the leading

Dr Madhubala, Director, DIBER, explaining DIBER products to the Chief Minister of UP Yogi Adityanath

10 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in Events DRDO newsletter

Celebration of CONSTITUTION DAY DESIDOC, Delhi the Constituent Assembly adopted the apprise the people their rights and the Constitution, which came into effect on prominent values of the Constitution, Constitution Day, also known as 26 January 1950 marking the dawn of Defence Scientific Information and Samvidhan Divas, is celebrated in a new era. The year 2019, is the 70th Documentation Centre (DESIDOC), India on 26 November every year to Delhi celebrated the Constitution Day anniversary of the adoption of the commemorate the adoption of the by mass reading of the Preamble by the Constitution of India and raise awareness Constitution. officers and staff. about the Indian Constitution among To acknowledge the contribution of common people. On 26 November 1949, the framers of the Constitution and to

ITR, chandipur Director ITR highlighted the values of Prof. (Dr) Geetanjali Dash, Dean of Social Indian Constitution and administered Science and Humanities, FM University Constitution Day was celebrated in Balasore. More than 150 officers Integrated Test Range (ITR), Chandipur the preamble of Indian Constitution and staff attended the programme. on 26 November 2019. The programme to ITR fraternity. In order to educate was inaugurated by Dr BK Das, OS and and aware the employees, a lecture on Shri PN Panda, Sc ‘F’, and his team Director, ITR. In his inaugural address Constitution of India was delivered by organised the programme.

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 11 Events

Raising Day Celebrations DIPR, Delhi Defence Institute of Psychological Research (DIPR), Delhi celebrated its 71st Raising Day. Dr G Satheesh Reddy, Secretary, Department of Defence R&D and Chairman, DRDO, was the Chief Guest. He congratulated DIPR for providing a long innings of dedicated service to our brave hearts. Positing his faith in the institution, he opined that DIPR can also contribute in the organizational development of DRDO. Dr AK Singh, DS & DG (LS), DRDO, Directors of sister DRDO labs, former Directors of DIPR and representative from the Services were present on the occasion. DG (LS), in his address said, as the Chairman DRDO releasing Stress Management App developed by DIPR tussles in this contemporary world address. Dr Vikas Kumar, Director, trends, DMRL is also going to employ are becoming more strategic and DMRL, presented the progress and latest tools like ICME, Materials Data psychological rather than physical, the achievements made by the laboratory Informatics, and AI/ML for accelerated role of an institute like DIPR gets more during the past year. He mentioned materials development cycle. Dr DK and more pivotal. that keeping in view the armed forces Likhi in his address commended the An application, named ComBAT and system labs requirements, DMRL achievements of DMRL in materials ACTIVE, developed by DIPR was is rapidly changing its role; graduating science & technology, translation of released by the Chief Guest. It is the from providing advanced materials to technology into functional components first stress management application ready-to-fit and certified components. and also its future vision for for troops of Indian Army in Hindi In line with latest worldwide research development of materials for defence. and Roman Hindi. Other major events of the day were release of a souvenir encompassing DIPR’s journey for last 70 years and a compendium of major research works of DIPR. DIPR Platinum Exhibition organized on the occasion showcased major achievements of the institute.

DMRL, HYDERABAD Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL) celebrated its 56th Annual Day with great fervour. Dr Avinash Chander, former SA to RM and Secretary, DDR&D graced the occasion as the Chief Guest. Dr DK Likhi, CMD, Midhani and Dr SV Kamat, DS & DG (NS&M) were the Guests of Honour. Dr G Jagan Reddy, Chairman, Steering Dr Avinash Chander, former SA to RM and Secy, DD R&D releasing DMRL’s corporate Committee, delivered the welcome video film

12 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in Events DRDO newsletter

Dr SV Kamat, also appreciated DMRL’s achievements. Chief Guest Dr Avinash Chander, in his address recalled his memories when he was the Chief Guest for DMRL Golden Jubilee Celebrations – 2013. He appreciated that a lot of new facilities like 3D printing, new materials data analytics, etc., have come up after his previous visit to DMRL. He congratulated DMRL team, its leadership over the years, hard work of its employees, and labs contributions in supply of critical materials for space, aeronautical, atomic energy and defence sectors, without which lot of missile and other programmes would not have been possible.

GTRE, Bengaluru Release of Coffee Table Book on the occasion of GTRE Raising Day Gas Turbine Research Establishment one cannot assume anything with fifty of the last year and proposed targets (GTRE) celebrated its 58th Raising percent knowledge. We should be for the upcoming year. In his address, Day on 6 November 2019. Dr Mylsamy prepared for surprises in our endeavour Dr Sudhir Kamath highlighted the Annadurai, Vice Chairman, Tamil Nadu and gear up for change management. confidence of tri-services on indigenous State Council for Science & Technology, world class platforms and systems was the Chief Guest of the occasion. MTRDC, Bengaluru developed by DRDO and spoke about Dr Tessy Thomas, DS & DG (Aero), Microwave Tube Research & the capability of HPM-based DEW DRDO, was the Guest of Honour. To Development Centre (MTRDC) for destroying the enemy’s assets. He commemorate the day, a Coffee Table celebrated its Raising Day on emphasised on the need of development Book was released and lab awards in 5 November 2019 at BEL Kalakshetra, of high power, high frequency devices. different categories were distributed to Bengaluru. Dr Sudhir Kamath, DG Shree SS Nagaraj highlighted the the meritorious employees. (MED & CoS), DRDO, New Delhi was benefits of attitude change, focused Shri MZ Siddique, OS & Director, the Guest of Honour. Shri SS Nagaraj, approach and team work and urged GTRE in his address highlighted OS and Director, LRDE, was the Chief MTRDCians to develop advanced the untiring efforts put in by all the Guest. Dr SUM Reddy, Director, devices/modules to make country employees in the steady progress of the MTRDC, enunciated the achievements proud of indigenous developments. lab. There is an inescapable need to push beyond our capabilities to evolve as technology leaders rather than being followers, said Director, GTRE. Dr Tessy Thomas expressed her happiness on the progress made by the lab and said that everyone is destined to do great things. One cannot be declared winner unless he surmounts the challenges and GTRE is in the right path. She also emphasized on augmenting the manufacturing and test facilities. Dr Mylsamy Annadurai, in his presentation on ‘Engineering for Change’ brought out how the country has made exponential progress in the field of Aerospace. He conveyed that Inaugural function of MTRDC Raising Day

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 13 Events

VIGILANCE AWARENESS WEEK ASL, Hyderabad Advanced Systems Laboratory (ASL), observed Vigilance Awareness Week with the theme ‘Integrity–A Way of Life.’ Integrity pledge were taken by employees. A pamphlet on Dos and Don’ts in preventive vigilance was distributed to the employees. Posters and banners were displayed at prominent places in the campus to create awareness among the employees. DVS, DRDO HQ The week commenced with taking of integrity pledge by all employees Administration of Integrity Pledge at ASL of DRDO HQ. Vigilance awareness posters with messages, both in Hindi and English, were displayed at prime locations of DRDO Bhawan and on digital notice board at Main Entrance of the building. A one-day workshop was also organised in DRDO HQ. Maj Gen MK Handa, Director, Vigilance and Security, in his welcome address brought out the significance of vigilance awareness week and highlighted activities carried out by the DVC during the entire year. Dr (Ms) Chitra Rajagopal, DG (RM), the Chief Guest, defined and discussed the meaning of integrity as the “quality of being honest”. She described vigilance administration as preventive and punitive anti corruption measures. Shri Maj Gen MK Handa, Director, Vigilance and Security, speaking at Vigilance Workshop TP Sharma, OSD of CVC, also delivered a lecture on “Integrity—A Way of Life”. Various other topics related to vigilance were discussed during the workshop. NSTL, Visakhapatnam Naval Science and Technological Laboratory (NSTL) observed the week by giving wide publicity through messages and by displaying banners at various places. Shri PVS Ganesh Kumar, OS & Officiating Director, NSTL, administered the integrity pledge. Shri P Vimaladitya, IPS, Superintendent of Police (CBI), Visakhapatnam, gave a lecture on “Integrity– A way of Life.” Celebration of Vigilance Awareness Week at NSTL

14 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in Events DRDO newsletter

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OPTICS & ELECTRO-optics ptical Society of India organised address. The event provided a platform Optics and Electro-Optics for Strategic an International Conference for interaction to all stake holders Applications, Optical Thin Films, Oon Optics and Electro-Optics including scientists, researchers, Optical Materials, IR Sensors, Image (ICOL-2019) at Instruments Research manufacturers, academicians and Processing and Systems, Photonic and Development Establishment students across the globe. The technical Band Gap Materials, Adaptive (IRDE), Dehradun. The focal theme of conference included keynote addresses, Optics, Optical Image Processing and the conference was “Trends in Electro- panel discussions, lectures, oral and Holography, Lasers, Fiber Lasers and Optics Instrumentation for Strategic poster presentations. Around 90 its Applications, Diffractive Optics, Applications”. The Opto-electronics invited talks and 400 contributed Innovative packaging of Optical community in India including optics papers comprising of 100 oral and 300 Systems, Nanophotonics Devices and manufacturers, system integrators poster presentations were presented Applications, Optical Interferometry and end-users participated in the during the conference. The latest and Metrology, Terahertz, Millimeter conference. advances in optics were discussed and Wave & Microwave Photonics, Fiber, Dr Satish Kumar, former DG (MSS), an exhibition of over 50 manufacturers Integrated & Nonlinear Optics. DRDO & Director NIT Kurukshetra, and users provided insight into the new Shri Benjamin Lionel, OS & Director, was the Chief Guest and delivered the developments in the country and on a IRDE, was the Chairman, Organizing theme address. Dr SS Negi, former global scale. Committee and Shri Sudhir Khare, OS & Director, IRDE, was the Guest ICOL-2019 covered diversified Sc ‘G’, IRDE, was the convener of the of Honour and delivered the keynote areas in the Optical Engineering, Conference.

ICOL-2019 Inaugural Session

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 15 Events

ADE gets CMMi Certification eronautical Development Establishment (ADE), Bengaluru Ahas been certified CMMI Development V2.0 at Maturity Level 3. Shri Chandrashekar, Senior Consultant and Lead Appraiser from Cunix Infotech Pvt. Ltd, a partner of CMMI institute, USA, presented the CMMI certificate to Dr S Venugopal, OS and Director, ADE. ADE started the journey of CMMI in the year 2018 with implementation of CMMI practices. The final appraisal took place during last week of August 2019 and ADE was listed in CMMI institute, USA website, on 7 October 2019. ITR gets KALINGA SAFETY EXCELLENCE AWARD ntegrated Test Range, Chandipur was awarded the prestigious Gold IPrize in Kalinga Safety Excellence Award-2018 as a special appreciation for being role model in Odisha for implementing best safety practices in the range and maintaining zero accident record. ITR was selected for the gold prize from among 44 Public, Private and Govt industries in Odisha. The award is instituted by the Institute of Quality & Environment Management Services, Bhubaneswar, IPE, Hyderabad and Odisha State Productivity Council. Book Exhibition in INMAS TIRC r Tarun Sekhri, OS & Director INMAS inaugurated a book Dexhibition organised by Technical Information & Resource Centre (TIRC), INMAS. Latest edition of around 5000 science & technology books were displayed covering subjects like Biomedical Sciences, Life Science, Medical Science, Pharmacology, Computer Science and other related subjects. The exhibition got overwhelming response and around 275 new books were suggested by the users.

16 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in Events DRDO newsletter

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan n commemoration of 150th Birth Anniversary celebration of IMahatma Gandhi, Naval Science & Technological Laboratory (NSTL), Vishakhapatnam, organised “Swachh Bharat Abhiyan” on 2 November 2019 in NSTL campus with large participation of employees. Dr OR Nandagopan, OS & Director NSTL, and employees from the O/o DG (NS&M), AO (R&D), MES, Ramanath Secondary School and the MKM along with their family members participated with great enthusiasm to make the campaign a grand success. Dr Nandagopan thanked all for taking interest for the noble cause and hoped that the practice would continue to achieve clean and green NSTL. Plastic Se Raksha Campaign at Metcalfe House RDO observed ‘Swachhta Pakhwada’ Dfor preservation of environment from 1-15 December 2019 as part of ‘Swachhta hi Sewa’ initiative of the Govt of India. Metcalfe House-based DRDO labs organized a special plogging rally to commemorate the occasion. More than 260 employees, including Directors, enthusiastically participated in the campaign and collected sizeable plastic waste for further waste management. The campaign was conducted to spread awareness against the ill-effect of plastic on the environment and bring behavioural change with respect to sanitation. The drive sent a message to give up the use Community awareness programmes future. Dr Rajeev Vij, Sc ‘G’, DESIDOC, of plastic including carry bags, plastic such as debates, quizzes, nukkad nataks, coordinated the event. cutlery, plastic water bottles, etc. painting competitions will be held in

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 17 Events

MTRDC celebrates Karnataka Rajyotsava arnataka Rajyotsava was Chief Guest congratulated the officers MTRDC, congratulated MTRDCians celebrated in Microwave Tube and staff of MTRDC on the occasion on the occasion and said that nurturing KResearch and Development and conveyed the role and importance the mother language is of utmost Centre (MTRDC), Bengaluru on of Kannada language. He suggested importance and proposed to bring one 5 November 2019 at BEL Kalakshetra. that the technical articles should also technical book containing technical Shri Mallikarjunaswamy Mahamane be published in the local languages articles written in Kannada. A cultural was the Chief Guest and Dr Sudhir in simple form so that they reach the programme was organised on the Kamath, OS and DG (MED & CoS), common people and they get educated. occasion. DRDO, was the Guest of Honour. The Dr SUM Reddy, OS and Director,

Karnataka Rajyotsava celebration at MTRDC Hrd activities Course on Future Trends in Strategic System entre for Advanced Systems (CAS), Hyderabad, organised Ca three-day course on “Future Trends in Strategic System” during 20-22 November 2019 under the Continuing Education Programme (CEP) of DRDO. Dr MRM Babu, DS and Director ASL, graced the inaugural function as Chief Guest and delivered a keynote address on Future Trends in Strategic Systems. Shri Praveen Tandon, Sc ‘G’ & Course Director, welcomed the delegates and participants. Shri G Ramaguru, OS & Director, CAS gave an overview of the present and future sub-systems of strategic missiles.

18 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in HRD Activities DRDO newsletter

Various topics like communication in detail during the course. Forty- Manickavasagam, OS, ASL were the system, propulsion system, hypersonic three participants from various DRDO Guest of Honour for the valedictory systems and hypersonic wind tunnel Labs, SSQAG and BDL participated in function. Shri Pramod Kumar Jha, Sc ‘F’ tests, future mission, etc., were covered the Course. Dr RK Gupta, DS & Dr M & DOMS, proposed the vote of thanks. Training Course on Office Procedure entre for Personnel Talent from different DRDO laboratories and record management, security of Management (CEPTAM), Delhi, establishments attended the course. official information and documents, Corganised a training course on Interactive and informative lectures dak, receipt, file number system, file “Office Procedure” at Himachal Pradesh were delivered during the course by the management, office automation, etc., Institute of Public Administration experts including from HIPA, Shimla. were covered during the course. (HIPA), Shimla. Nineteen participants Topics like office management,

Training on Tomato processing efence Research Laboratory (DRL), Tezpur, conducted DSkill Development Training on “Tomato Processing” in collaboration with Tezpur University (TU) at DRL R&D Centre, Salari, Arunachal Pradesh on 2 November 2019. The expert team of Dr Poonam Mishra, Associate Professor, TU, Shri Ranjeet Patel, TO ‘B’, Mrs Barnali Bailung, TO ‘A’, Dr Duyi Samyor, RA and Dr Juri Das, RA, from DRL gave hands-on training on preparation of tomato ketchup and tomato paste. A total of 26 participants from Salari, Rahung, Jirigaon, Dikhiyang villages of Arunachal Pradesh attended the training.

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 19 Hrd activities

Course on Extreme Situations: Issues & Exigencies nstitute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), IDelhi, organized, a three-day CEP course on “Extreme Situations: Issues and Exigencies” for scientists and technical staff of DRDO Life Sciences laboratories. The purpose of the course was to familiarize researchers to learn and assess extreme situations and find best possible solutions and eventually create a pool of researchers of different disciplines who can come together for providing better solutions and services to the users. The inaugural lecture was delivered by Surg. Cdr Naryayan S, Cdr (MS) Submarine and Nuclear Cell, O/o among defence forces during extreme with special reference to submariners. DGMS (Navy). He emphasized on situations including CBRN scenario. He Eighteen lectures were organized along the need of enhancing preparedness also discussed underwater exigencies with hands-on training. Course on CBRN Emergency Management three-day training programme Road participated in the course. was considered as pilot training batch for Railway Protection Force Director INMAS, Dr Tarun Sekhri, and on the basis of feedback received A(RPF) officers was conducted by inaugurated the course. Faculty from from participant railway board would Division of CBRN Medical Management, INMAS discussed in detail basics and be extending the scope of this initiative Medicine and Extreme Medicine and general awareness of CBRN agents, to other major cities. Drug Development, INMAS. Thirty RPF threats and mitigation approaches. Dr Aseem Bhatnagar, Sc ‘G’ was officers of sub-inspector and above rank Hands-on exercises and practical the Course Director. Dr Dhruv Kumar from Delhi Division including RPF posts demonstrations were conducted to Nishad, Sc ‘D’ and Shri Anubhav Jain, New Delhi, Delhi Main, Nizamuddin, familiarize the participants with realistic Senior DSC (RPF), were the Course Anand Vihar, DRM Gate, Delhi Lahori scenarios and management strategies Coordinators. Gate, Cash Guard, NW Line and PK to be undertaken. This training course

20 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in Hrd activities DRDO newsletter

Life Sciences Research Board Workshop he Life Support and Biomedical Devices (LSBD) Specialist Panel Tunder the aegis of the Life Sciences Research Board (LSRB) conducted a one-day workshop on “Interaction between Academia and DEBEL on LSRB- LSBD Activities to Evolve Roadmap” on 7 November 2019 at Defence Bioengineering and Electromedical Laboratory (DEBEL) and BEL, Bengaluru. The workshop was presided over by LSBD Chairperson Mrs Manimozhi Theodore, OS and Director, DEBEL along with Dr NR Jagannathan, Professor & HoD, AIIMS, New Delhi as the Co-chairman. Dr RP of 60 academicians representing 21 their project activities and technology Bhatt, Member Secretary, LSRB, DRDO Universities and Institutions across gaps in the area of life support system, HQ; Prof. M Ramasubba Reddy, IIT India. In his welcome address, Shri M protective equipment and biomedical Madras, Chennai; Dr G Ravindran, Anandan, Sc ‘G’, Member Secretary devices. They also demonstrated the former Director, Centre for Medical LSBD, presented an overview of LSBD products and technologies of DEBEL Electronics, Anna University, Chennai; and its ongoing activities. Member and had a detailed interaction with the Dr JD Roy Santosham, Professor of Secretary, LSRB gave an overview of academicians in their research areas. Radiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical LSRB, its structure and achievements The workshop was concluded with a College, Chennai; Dr DT Selvam, in the past two decades and appreciated brain storming session that included Sc ‘F’, DRDE, Gwalior; and senior LSBD for organising a workshop that areas of improvement and various scientists from DEBEL participated would enable and accelerate academia implementation strategies for future actively as expert members. There interaction with DRDO. Scientists from projects. was an overwhelming participation all departments of DEBEL presented Opinion Emerging Technologies towards Reshaping Laws on Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems Meetul Kumar, Chanchal De & Atul D Rane, DIC, DRDO HQ

he means of modern warfare has on prohibition or restriction on the emerging technologies related to the changed over the last decade. use of specific conventional weapons lethal weapon systems. Considering TThe evolution of technology has that may result in excessive injury these technological advances, the state potential to change the outcome of and have indiscriminate effects. parties to the convention on certain the armed conflict. Fully autonomous The objective of the conference was conventional weapons had established a weapon systems embedded with to establish Convention on Certain Government Group of Experts (GGE) to Artificial Intelligence (AI) can engage Conventional Weapons (CCW). The address the challenges emerging from target(s) of interest without meaningful State Parties (member states in the the development of lethal autonomous human control/intervention. The forum) to the Convention on CCW are weapon systems with embedded United Nations General Assembly in engaged in deliberations on various autonomy in its critical functions. Most December 1977, held a conference legal aspects due to advances in new generation weapon systems possess

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 21 Opinion advanced autonomy in respect of time the understanding the effect of working all domains of warfare. and space with increased adaptability environment on different functions The Group’s conclusions on to the environment. Currently, the level of weapon systems to demonstrate review of military applications are of autonomy is related to the degree of different degree of autonomy. Autonomy that contributions from technical human intervention and the stage at exists throughout the complete process community, cross-disciplinary experts, which intervention is made to accomplish of engagement of a threat i.e., during industry, academia, and civil society an assigned task. With the advancement identification, orientation, observation, to build awareness and understanding of technology, the enhanced mobility decision, and action phases. In response of the potential military applications as well as adaptability of autonomous to involvement of human element of the emerging technologies of weapon systems will have lesser in the use of lethal force, the Group lethal autonomous weapon system predictability due to the self-learning concluded that accountability threads are necessary. During the design, capabilities to modify its goal in response together with human-machine in CCW development, testing, and deployment to the surrounding environment. The self and human beings must at all times of lethal autonomous weapon systems adaptation by the autonomous weapon remain accountable in compliance with under LAWS, the risks inter alia of system allows it to incorporate advanced the International Human Law (IHL) civilian casualties as well as precautions learning algorithms through interaction for decisions on the use of lethal force. to minimize risks of incidental losses, with surrounding environment as well as It is also agreed that inter-disciplinary injury to civilian population including other weapon systems which in turn will perspectives must be integrated in damage to civilian objects, risks of result in self-organized swarms or group research and development wherever unintended engagements, risks of of autonomous systems. The objective feasible and appropriate, including loss of control of the system, risks of of this article is to provide status of the independent ethics reviews, keeping the proliferation, and risks of acquisition by Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems national security considerations and non-state actors needs to be considered. (LAWS) and a probable stand of India in restrictions on commercial proprietary The Group agreed to continue the light of varied geopolitical factors. information. discussions on the inclusion of advanced The objectives of GGE are: (i) to The GGE also viewed that verification emerging technologies related to lethal explore potential challenges posed by and certification procedures covering autonomous weapon systems through the emerging technologies in the area of all the likely intended use scenarios dialogue within the State Parties. lethal autonomous weapon system and must be developed, the experience In reference to addressing to characterize systems with autonomous of applying such procedures must be humanitarian and security challenges functions, (ii) to consider the involvement shared bearing the national security posed by the emerging technologies in of human element in the use of lethal considerations. Accountability of the area of lethal autonomous weapon force, (iii) to review probable scenarios of lethal autonomous weapon system system, the Group opined that legal potential military applications of lethal for the use of force in armed conflict bindings are essential to ensure human autonomous weapon systems, and (iv) must be ensured in accordance with control on the critical functions of lethal to explore various options for addressing applicable international laws including autonomous weapon system, political humanitarian and security challenges operation of weapon system within declaration to outline principles of posed by the emerging technologies in a responsible chain of command and human control in the use of force, LAWS. control. Human responsibility must be human accountability and clarity on the The GGE conclusions in respect retained throughout the development implementation of existing obligations of characterization of systems with and deployment cycle of the emerging under the international humanitarian autonomous functions were that technologies pertaining to such laws. purely technical characteristics such autonomous systems. The human In the conclusion of the GGE meeting as physical performance, endurance or responsibility for the lethal autonomous in August 2018, the following ten guiding sophistication in target acquisition and weapon system can be excised in various principles were adopted by the State engagement alone may not be sufficient to ways across the life-cycle of these Parties to the CCW1. characterize lethal autonomous weapon weapons and through human-machine TT International Humanitarian systems. Technical characteristics related interactions. The degree of human- law continues to apply fully to all to self-learning and self-evolving aspects machine interaction including elements autonomous weapon systems; needed further deliberations. Attempts of control and judgment are needed at to define general threshold level of different stages of application of weapons TT Human responsibility for decisions autonomy based on technical criteria to ensure compliance with IHL. The on the use of weapon systems must alone is difficult as autonomy involves a emerging technologies in autonomous be retained since accountability wide spectrum of technical aspects, and weapon system are expected to impact cannot be transferred to machines.

1. Report of the 2018 session of the Group of Governmental Experts on Emerging Technologies in the Area of Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems. Geneva, 9-13 April 2018 and 27-31 August 2018.

22 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in Opinion DRDO newsletter

This should be considered across In August 2019, based on the in the lethal autonomous weapon the entire life cycle of a system; deliberations on the objectives of the systems. Considerable discussions and TT Accountability for developing, GGE, the Group agreed to introduce the debates on the emerging technologies deploying, and using any lethal following additional guiding principle to for autonomous weapon systems 2 autonomous weapon system must be the objective of the convention : have underpinned the principles of ensured in accordance with the applicable “Human-machine interaction, proportionality; distinction and necessity international law, including the operation which may take various forms and be to deploy these systems are in agreement of such systems within reasonable implemented at various stages of the with the clauses of IHL. Advancement chain of human command and control; life cycle of a weapon, should ensure in AI, machine learning and big data analytics during the initial design and TT In accordance with the States that the potential use of weapon systems development stages are expected to obligation under international law, in based on the emerging technologies in transform the functioning of autonomous the study, development, acquisition the area of lethal autonomous weapon weapon systems. Self-learning, self- or adoption of a new weapon, means systems is in compliance with applicable evolving and self-adaptation by or method of warfare, determination international law, in particular IHL. autonomous weapon systems is expected must be made whether its employment In determining the quality and extent to bring paradigm shift in the ways and would in some or all circumstances of human-machine interaction, a means of engagement. India is still in be prohibited by international law; range of factors should be considered nascent development stages of such TT Risk assessments and mitiga- including the operational context and lethal autonomous weapon systems. tion measures should be part of the characteristics and capabilities of the It is expected that positioning of these design, development, testing and de- weapon system as a whole.” systems will provide decisive edge to the ployment cycle of emerging tech- The Group agreed that legal reviews armed forces and secure the territorial nologies in any weapon system; at national levels, development, boundaries. It is prudent that India TT Consideration should be given acquisition or adoption of new weapons, remains constructively engaged on the to possible emerging technologies in means or methods of warfare can be issues related to lethal autonomous the area of lethal autonomous weapon useful tool to assess nationally whether weapon system and continuously map systems and uphold compliance with potential weapon system based on the the technological advancements in this IHL principles and other applicable emerging technologies related to the important area. international legal obligations; LAWS would be prohibited by any rule of Disarmament rather than pre- international law applicable to that State. TT Experience-sharing in national pol- empt ban on the autonomous weapon It was agreed that the States are free to icies and practices that guide the de- systems must form the framework of determine independently the means to velopment, testing and deployment of India’s approach on Lethal Autonomous conduct legal reviews of weapon systems. emerging weapon system should be fos- Weapon Systems. In the last three tered to bearing in mind the national The final report of 2019 GGE, mentioned decades, country has evolved the policy security considerations or commercial that the States need to assess the legality that governs the arms control measures restrictions on proprietary information; of new weapons developed/under as a responsible state. Deployment development and their provisions in the of autonomous weapon system at the TT In crafting potential policy international laws. As per the Additional inhospitable territorial boundaries measures, emerging technologies in Protocol-1 of CCW and the Article 36 may result in tangible benefits to the the area of lethal autonomous weapons of the Geneva Convention, all States in Armed Forces of India. As India steps should not be anthropomorphized or the development, acquisition of new up its efforts towards the development seen as stand-alone physical objects; weapons must remain compliant with the of autonomous weapon systems, the TT Discussions and any potential International Humanitarian Law. Legal national legal framework needs to be policy measures taken within the reviews of weapon systems are important formulated and incorporated based on context of the CCW should not hamper and must include (i) characteristics and the rules of engagements in compliance progress or access to peaceful use of capabilities of identified weapon system with IHL. Indian national legal intelligent autonomous technologies; for review, and (ii) establish a review framework regime must encompass the TT CCW offers an appropriate mechanism and body/committee for condition of use, export, and its non- framework for dealing with the issues conducting such reviews. proliferation clauses. of emerging technologies in the area Differentiation and selective targeting of lethal autonomous weapon systems algorithms must be incorporated during within the context of the objective the design and development phase The views expressed by the authors are and purposes of the Convention. with advanced cyber security features of their own.

2. Report of the 2019 session of the Group of Governmental Experts on Emerging Technologies in the Area of Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems. Geneva, 25-29 March 2019 and 20-21 August 2019.

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 23 Focus

Multimedia Broadcast Receiver – AMBAR dvanced Numerical Research and Analysis Group (ANURAG), Hyderabad, has developed GSAT-6 a handheld Multimedia Broadcast A S C Receiver Terminal, AMBAR, for GSAT-6 Satellite. This terminal 2 Mbps provides audio, video content like weather information, tactical EOB, 2 Mbps maps, etc., to users in forward areas. HUB Antenna AMBAR supports different data rates of content with maximum data rate of 2 Mbps. AMBAR’s Content Server and Modulator are set-up at GSAT- 6 Satellite Hub located at Defence Electronics Applications Laboratory (DEAL), Dehradun. AMBAR terminal Integrated AMBAR is impressive in terms of sensitivity Software & Hardware Content Server Modulator and data rate. RF IC and Integrated Overall Satellite Communication System using SDMB Network Baseband ASIC were designed as part of transmitted in C-band by the HUB and AMBAR transmitter consists of AMBAR project. The complete AMBAR is broadcasted by the satellite in S-band. content server and modulator, where receiver has been realized with in-house the content server compresses the data, components. The terminal has been Project Evolution & Execution converts to MPEG2-TS format and enhanced with content-on-demand The objective of the project was multiplexes the data. Multiplexed data feature by integrating the transmitter to develop technologies for ground is later transmitted to the modulator designed by DEAL. AMBAR Receiver segment for multimedia broadcast using Ethernet interface. The data is terminal receives the multimedia services compatible with Indian satellite processed in AMBAR modulator, which content in S-band and works on any GSAT-6. It included the development spot beam and supports beam-to-beam consists of the PHY layer adopted from of a broadcast receiver terminal with roaming. the DVB-SHB Standard, along with FEC interface to satellite MSS terminal scheme based on TURBO encoder. The System Overview and optional interface to smart phone, output is given to the HUB at IF. This The C-band feeder link to the content server and terrestrial repeater. IF output is connected to the DEAL’s satellite from the hub is through the The concept of multimedia broadcast RF up-converter module. The SSPA national beam. The corresponding services was also demonstrated for output is connected to the DEAL’s down links are in S-band with five spot mobile users utilizing above modules HUB Antenna to transmit the data in beams to cover the Indian land mass. with GSAT-6. Indigenous chips were C-band frequency to the satellite. The Each beam has one transponder. The developed as part of the project to signal in S-Band through the satellite satellite has the C x S transponders and replace all the industry standard chips is received by patch antenna of the frequency reuse scheme. in AMBAR terminal. receiver terminal and processed at the Satellite Digital Multimedia The development of the satellite receiver and played back on tablet. The Broadcasting (SDMB) service was to digital multimedia receiver was taken Receiver Terminal consists of Antenna, extend audio, video and data broadcast up in three phases: AMBAR Terminal-I: RF Front End, Analog Front End, as a cost-effective streaming and data based on the off-the-shelf components; Baseband Algorithms in FPGA, Power download service directly to the end user AMBAR Terminal-II: based on the in- Management circuits and an USB mobile handset. SDMB also offers live house developed RFIC and baseband interface for streaming out the multi- content streaming as well as emergency ASIC; and AMBAR Hybrid Terminal: media content. notifications, e.g., for disaster alert to receive both satellite and terrestrial Receiver module is a customized purposes, content-on- demand service, signals. AMBAR Terminal I was realized receiver hardware platform having broadcast, multi-cast and uni-cast in one and half year and the prototype on-board, Maxim RFIC, ADC and services. Multimedia contents are was tested in the laboratory. FPGA supporting satellite line-of-sight

24 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in Focus DRDO newsletter

GSAT-6

C S

AMBAR communication with GSAT6 Satellite (LoS) signal. Baseband demodulator and extracts the payload. It sends the been tested. AMBAR broadcast set up algorithm with FEC has been video files to GUI and saves non video with indigenous hardware and software implemented in FPGA. Demodulator files (for content on demand terminal) can be easily reconfigured to wide range with higher coding gain requires work on the tablet. GUI provides an interface of user applications and technologies with the receive signal with very low to field user to select a channel from a can be adopted to various military SNR. This satellite LoS signal will cover list of channels to play the video. It also communication requirements. AMBAR the rural environments where multipath provides an interface view to show the project has achieved self-reliance in fading is not dominant. This receiver content list and to place a content-on- modem design based on advanced FEC was implemented for programmable demand request. scheme for wireless video transmission, data rates. The data rate can be chosen RF Receiver and Baseband IC and according to the bandwidth availability. software modules for multimedia In the second phase of the project, streaming at Hub and Terminal. in-house designed baseband ASIC AMBAR Terminal I and S-band RFIC were developed. The baseband ASIC replaces the MAXIM AMBAR Terminal I, realized in 19713 ADC. The baseband algorithms handheld form-factor and ruggedized have been implemented in Artix7 FPGA, terminal, has passed all the whereas the S-Band RFIC replaces environmental tests required for field MAXIM 2837 RF Front End. The usage. receiver has been miniaturized in terms of size and power using these ICs. Software Development AMBAR software system has been developed for targeting two ground segment modules, i.e., content server and receiver. Content server of the Content Operator Web Interface (top) & transmitter compresses the audio- Receiver Software Tile display video contents and converts data to TS format. This is given to multiplexer, Achievements which converts the contents into single Satellite broadcasting network with stream. Multiplexed stream is finally fed GSAT-6 satellite has been successfully AMBAR Terminal I to the modulator hardware for further demonstrated with required set up at AMBAR Terminal II transmission. Hub and AMBAR Terminal at field. On the receiver side, receiver AMBAR Terminal-II, based on in- The S-Band RFIC was designed in software has been hosted on the receiver house components, was successfully 250 nm Bi-CMOS process having area tablet connected to receiver terminal. tested with the GSAT-6 Satellite. Hybrid of 15 sq.mm and packaged in QFN 64 This software fetches content from the terminal, receiving both satellite signal package. Baseband ASIC integrates PSoC in hardware, processes the packets and terrestrial repeater signal, has also 11-bit pipelined ADC and baseband

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 25 Focus algorithm. IC was designed in 65 nm Salient Features the AMBAR receiver. Based on the CMOS process having area of 16 sq.mm requirement of DEAL, AMBAR was þþ Supports programmable data rates and packaged in QFN 80 package. enhanced with the Content on Demand Chip consumes overall power of 150 þþ Auto Beam Switching feature enabling the user to request for mW at peak data rate. These ICs were þþ High Sensitivity, Low Noise Figure a content from the content list provided. successfully tested and characterized. þþ Content on Demand Technological Breakthroughs Partners in Development The following technological AMBAR System was developed breakthrough were made during project jointly with private industries and PSUs. realisation: SAC, ISRO Ahmedabad and DEAL TT Component level indigenization Dehradun were involved in providing was done by developing the RFIC the necessary inputs to develop the compliant to Maxim 2837 and system. DEAL was also involved in the developing Baseband ASIC replacing development of the Content on Demand the Maxim ADC 19713 and the baseband Terminal. CAIR was involved in the algorithm implemented in FPGA. development of the security solution. AMBAR COD Terminal CDOT, Bengaluru and BEL, Hyderabad TT Proof of Concept for the The field trials have already been and private industries, viz., Uurmi hybrid terminal was developed successfully conducted at user site. Systems, Hyderabad; Alpha Design to receive both the Terrestrial Present form of AMBAR with Content Technologies Ltd, Bengaluru; Lekha (OFDM) and Satellite Signal (TDM). on Demand feature has a potential Wireless Solutions Ltd, Bangalore; ACD applications for a remote field user to TT By the implementation of the Communications, Hyderabad; Excel get the access to intelligence briefings, Turbo FEC an improvement of 3dB RF Technologies Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad; target designations, missile warnings, in sensitivity was observed with and Sankhya Labs Pvt Ltd, Bengaluru terrain data, messages, logistics, respect to other FEC schemes and a provided the various sub-systems. situation awareness, SIGINT, battlefield processing gain of 9 dB was achieved Field Trials & Road Ahead awareness. Technology developed under with respect to un-coded QPSK. the AMBAR can be enhanced to many The corresponding Content Server TT Technology spin-offs (high versatile applications like two-way along with modulator of AMBER I and video conferencing, remote guidance to resolution video links from II are operational at DEAL, Dehradun. UAV, aircraft and missiles) troop movements through audio and/ As per the scope of the Project AMBAR, or video, a general purpose satellite TT A comparative analysis of different AMBAR Satellite Receiver Terminal modem, video link for UAVs, etc. implementation of the baseband algo- supports only one way communication rithm in FPGA, DSP & ASIC platforms. from the transmitter at the HUB to Societal activity DRL provides Flood relief materials team of DRL family members especially the ladies stepped in to provide relief to the flood-affected Aareas of Assam. Essential commodities of over Rs 1.20 lakhs, donated by employees of DRL and their family members, AO (R&D) Tezpur, DRL DSC platoon, relatives, research fellows, friends circle and ex-employees of DRL were distributed among 500 people living in seven flood relief camps in Sirajuli and Gereki of Sonitpur districts of Assam. Furthermore, DRL employees also contributed around Rs 1 lakh in Assam Chief Minister Relief Fund.

26 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in DRDO SERIES DRDO newsletter

DRDO Harnessing Science for Peace & Security Chapter 4: marching forward The article is 46th in the Series of extracts of the monograph, “Defence Research & Development Organisation: 1958-1982”, by Shri RP Shenoy, former Director of Electronics and Radar Development Establishment (LRDE).

Agricultural fertilizers and poultry manure were for the equipment exceeded Rs 25 crore. standardised for various seasons and In 1970s, there was a shift in the Research for different agro-climatic areas of the activities of IRDE towards lasers for Laboratories region. ranging and passive night vision devices. Research studies in the field of Investigative R&D tasks were initiated upgrading of local cows were initiated. INSTRUMENTATION and test and evaluation facilities were FRL cross-bred Holstein Freisian cattle There is only one laboratory in acquired as part of the process of building with the local Sahiwal variety to breed DRDO whose activities fall in the area of the competence in these technologies. In cows that gave a yield of 9 litres of milk optical instruments and optical systems June 1969, the Laboratory was sanctioned per day. These cattle could be maintained for the military. It is the Instrumentation a project on the development of general during prolonged subzero temperatures Research & Development Laboratory, purpose laser range finder with the twin without artificial heating. It was thus (IRDE) at Dehradun. The role of IRDE aim of containing its size and weight conclusively established that cross-bred has been that of designing optical, for shoulder mounting and providing cattle of Friesian and Jersey performed infrared (night vision) and electrooptical it with a capability of ranging targets very well in milk yield in the high altitude systems in aid of the Artillery and of the from 500 m to 10 km with an accuracy region of Ladakh. Artificial insemination Armour Corps to improve the fire of of ±10 m. In the course of developing centres were opened to effect general accuracy. the laser range finder the scientists improvements in cattle and also1 to built up competence in the selection improve their production potential. Instruments Research & and use of laser material, the pumping Defence Agricultural Research Development Establishment source, design optimization of laser Laboratory (DARL) situated in the hilly In 1960s, the only established cavities, the Q-switching techniques, terrains of the Central Himalayas with an technologies used by gunners and tank techniques and devices used for low level inhospitable climate and porous acidic crew were that of optics in the day and signal detection, heat exchangers, and soil. DARL has achieved breakthroughs of infrared in the night for sighting of mechanical housing. This laid a good in protected agriculture. Through the their weapons before aiming and firing. foundation for the development of Nd continuous process of selection and Therefore, the main focus of IRDE glass and Nd-YAG lasers around which hybridisation, the Laboratory succeeded was on the Army’s requirements for the Laboratory would develop future in developing varieties of high- yielding enhancing combat potential in the night laser range finders. The first opportunity vegetables like brinjal, tomato, capsicum, for tanks and for navigation of vehicles to utilise their expertise materialised in cabbage and bittergourd. It developed (Fig 4.27). A representative sample of March 1979 with the sanction of a staff greenhouse methodologies that had the the equipments successfully developed project to develop a laser range finder advantages of early raising of nursery, and which went into production were, for T-55 tanks with capability to range quicker crop maturation, growth of Gunner’s IR (Infra Red) scope sight targets from 400 m to 4 km . off-season vegetables, low incidence of and Commander’s IR periscope for R&D activity was also initiated in disease, 3-4 crops per year and vegetable Vijayanta tank, IR Sniper scope for 1974 for development of passive night produce at twice the normal yield. Non- Infantry, IR Telescope for the Navy, and devices with the sanction of a project for availability of land mass due to steep IR Search Light. In addition, binoculars the design and development of passive slopes and snow in high altitudes, made for Vijayanta tank and Universal Mortar night sight for 106 mm recoil gun. The the Laboratory to introduce hydroponic Sight for 120 mm Brandt Mortar were competence in night vision technology technology. Tomato and cucumber successfully developed and technology lay in the trade-off of the various relevant could now be grown throughout the was transferred for production. Further, parameters such as range, magnification, year. Entomological investigations were in anticipation of user ’s requirement, field of view, size and weight and the carried out to identify 60 insect species work in the area of general purpose selection from among the different that caused crop damage. Techniques laser range finders was initiated. The options of Image Converter, Image for application of farm yard manure, production orders by the Armed Forces Intensifier, Low Light Television and

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 27 DRDO SERIES

Intensified Charge Coupled Devices for fire, direct sight and indirect sight for 105 applying radiation medicine for better the design. mm IFG, collimeter type parallel scope healthcare of both Armed Forces and Expertise in innovative optical and devices for identification of tanks civilians. Because endemic goitre was designs for effective filtering functions and fire control plotter for field artillery. prevalent along the entire Himalayan would also be necessary. In the course Most of these products developed at range, running approximately 2500 km of development, IRDE was required IRDE were accepted for introduction from east to west, the sub-Himalayan to design high speed/aperture and into the Services. belt as well as isolated pockets in catdioptic systems and also devise Besides development, modernisation almost every state of our country, due to techniques for adjustment of the imaging of facilities for fabrication of precision deficiency of iodine in water and other mirror to an accuracy of 0.25’. In optical components to high degree of foodstuffs, it was decided that the first addition, a major facility with capability surface angle and dimensional accuracies application of radiation medicine would to test image intensifier tubes and was also being carried out so that the be to treat thyroid disorders. In 1958, measurement of its parameters such project needs for a wide range of optical a field unit was setup at Safdarjung as resolving power, radiant sensitivity components, starting from simple lenses Hospital in Delhi and radio iodine was and so on was established. A long dark and prisms to more complex designs used for treating thyroid disorders. This hall with target models and resolution such as Q-switching prisms, laser rods was the first ever application of nuclear patterns, and with facility to simulate etc., would be met. medicine in our country and the good night illumination conditions for work carried out by the Radiation Cell evaluation and adjustment of night LIFE SCIENCES & led to the establishment of the Institute vision devices was under installation at HEALTHCARE of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences the beginning of 1980s. The process of in Delhi in June 1961 under the Defence DRDO undertakes extensive research learning by doing was attempted to build R&D Organisation. The clinical work on several aspects of human health the expertise in this vital area. The process continued at the Safdarjung Hospital required more iterations in design which encompassing physiology, biochemistry, until 1971, when the clinical outpatient resulted in the project activity continuing nutrition, toxicology, psychology and department was set up at the Institute. beyond the 1970s. The second activity in nuclear medicine. The laboratories in Investigations and Treatment of this area was the design and development the Life Sciences and Healthcare group Goitre – In 1960s, the thyroid clinic of of Commander’s Passive Night Sight for are, the Institute of Nuclear Medicine INMAS at Safdarjung Hospital witnessed Vijayanta Tank which was sanctioned as and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence remarkable growth and even today the a staff project in 1976. It would also spill Institute of Physiology and Allied INMAS clinical outpatient department over into the 1980s. Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Institute draws annually about 50,000 to 60,000 Another R&D activity was the design of Psychological Research (DIPR) patients from all over the country. The and development of Optics module all situated in Delhi. INMAS, DIPAS Institute has, over the years, developed for Head Up Display system for use in and DIPR were transferred in 1973 to a battery of radio isotopic, conventional military aircraft. The objective was to Director General, Armed Forces Medical biomedical and pathological tests to design the optics module which would Services (DGAFMS) and were reverted to obtain a better understanding of the have a field of vision of 15° in azimuth DRDO in 1980. aetiopathology of the disease. The and 8° in elevation in such a way that scientists studied the influence of Institute of Nuclear Medicine familial and socioeconomic factors, age, the pilot could see in head up position & Allied Sciences the display of primary flight data and sex, possible presence of goitrogen in the also navigation and weapon-aiming The main charter of INMAS is soil, water and foodstuffs. For example, information. The requirement would be to promote, develop and train in the goitrogenic potency of some common met with an optics module that would radioisotopic and related modern vegetables with high thiocyanate content be a special type of bioptic system with techniques in medical research, diagnosis like okra (bhindi), radish (mooli), a large aperture and low F number. The and therapy and in allied sciences such and yam (arbi) were demonstrated by surface would be dichroic. The electronic as medical radiation biology and health chemical analysis and by animal studies. circuitry for the flight data and for physics. Nuclear medicine involves close As early as 1962, INMAS recommended that an adequate dose of iodine should navigation and weapon aiming was being integration of knowledge and expertise be ensured for the troops stationed in developed at ADE. in several scientific and technical areas, endemic areas as a prophylactic measure. In addition to these activities, like nuclear physics, radiobiology, Based on the findings of INMAS and IRDE also undertook the development radiopharmaceuticals, health physics, other centres, the Government of of a gyro-land navigation system for electronic instrumentation, clinical and India promoted the use of iodised salt Vijayanta tank, recalibration of graticule experimental medicine, all oriented to throughout the country. marking on periscopic sight AFV30 Mk, the use of ionised radiation. muzzle bore sights for artillery guns, INMAS had its origins in the night-aiming devices for the mountain Radiation Cell set up at Defence Science gun, gun rule for 75/24 Pack Howitzer, 25 Laboratory in Delhi in 1956 for the Pounder and 5.5 inch gun for high angle purpose of developing a programme of To be continued...

28 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in Personnel news DRDO newsletter

Appointment welding laboratories in the country at Council, International Advanced DMRL, which he continues to lead. Dr Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy Director, DMRL Reddy’s pioneering research on the and New Materials, Hyderabad. His refinement of weld zone microstructure, expertise has been utilized as a Member: Dr G Madhusudhan employing pulsed and arc oscillation Board of studies for major Universities Reddy obtained his technology, led to the development of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. bachelor’s degree in of joining technology for difficult-to- Mechanical Engin- weld aluminium and titanium alloys Higher Qualification eering with distinction employed in aerospace. Some of his Acquired from Kakatiya Univer- other notable contributions include sity in 1985. He Shri Pradipta Roy, Sc ‘F’, failure analysis of weldments related to completed his master’s Integrated Test Range armoured vehicles, premature failure of degree with Honours from IIT Roorkee (ITR), Chandipur has several motor casings made of ultrahigh in 1987. He started his carrier as a been awarded PhD from strength steel, and bridge layered tanks. IIT Kharagpur for the Scientist in 1987 at CVRDE, Chennai. He Dr Reddy is the recipient of a thesis entitled “Video was transferred to DMRL, Hyderabad number of awards for his outstanding Object Segmentation on Parallel Cell in 1989. In DMRL, he embarked on contributions including Metallurgist Network.” focused research in the welding of of the Year Award (2007), Scientist Aluminium-Lithium alloys for his Shri Praveen PC, Sc ‘F’, Naval Science of the Year Award (2013), ‘National Doctoral degree at IIT Madras. He was & Technology Laboratory (NSTL), Technology Day Award (2017), Bharat awarded Sudarshan Bhat Memorial Visakhapatnam, has been awarded PhD Ratna Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvarya Prize for the best thesis during the by IIT, Madras, for the thesis entitled Award (2018) by the Government of convocation in the year 1999. “Effect of Length and Size of Control Fins Telangana, GD Birla Gold Medal (2019), on the Manoeuvring Characteristics of Dr Reddy‘s career spanning nearly Binani Gold Medal (2010 and 1994), Axi-symmetrically Shaped Underwater 32 years is marked by significant R&D SAIL Gold Medal (2013), Technology vehicle.” contributions in the field of materials Leadership Award (2018), Keith Hartley joining and surfacing and have been Shri Kishore Kumar Memorial Award (2015), SK Mazumdar direct applications in defence and Katikani, Sc ‘E’, NSTL, Memorial Award (2012), Engineer of aerospace technologies. He is very has been awarded PhD the Year Award (2002) and Andhra well known internationally for his by NIT Warangal, for the Pradesh Scientist Award (2006). He excellence in the field of friction-stir thesis entitled “Design has won 35 best paper awards for his welding of very large components. He and Analysis of Special scientific contributions from various Purpose Cutter for Machining Solid has made a significant breakthrough professional Societies. He has been Propellant Grain.” by establishing ballistic capabilities in elected Fellow of American Society of welds, comparable to those of parent Shri Rama Krishna Metals, Indian National Academy of armour. Dr Reddy brought out the Varanasi, Sc ‘E’, NSTL, Engineering and Telangana Academy influence of electron beam oscillation has been awarded PhD of Sciences, Andhra Pradesh Academy and pulsed laser welding techniques in by NIT Warangal, for the of Sciences, Indian Institute of Metals, reducing the Laves phase during welding thesis entitled “Prediction Indian Institute of Welding, and Indian of super alloys, thereby improving the and Reduction of Non- Welding Society. mechanical properties of aero-engine Cavitating Noise levels in Marine He has published more than 260 Propellers.” components. He has also developed the research papers in referred journals technology for welding of low alloy steel Shri Manoj Kumar, and equal number in conference shaft to a cast super alloy blisk in solid Sc ‘D’, Scientific Analysis proceedings apart from possessing state and brazing of aero-foil castings Group (SAG), Delhi, several patents to his credit. He has the to the shroud rings for aerospace has been awarded PhD distinction of guiding several students programs. Dr Reddy has contributed in Mathematics by for their doctoral degrees. significantly to the structural integrity University of Delhi for the Dr Reddy has conducted several of joints in aerospace components and thesis entitled “Design and Analysis of workshops. He is a Member, Governing Symmetric Cryptographic Primitives.” has setup one of the leading solid-state

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 29 Visits

Visitors to DRDO labs/estts ARDE, Pune Hon’ble Raksha Rajya Mantri, Shri Shripad Yesso Naik visited Armament Research & Development Establishment (ARDE) on 5 November 2019. The Hon’ble Minister reviewed the major projects underway at ARDE.

DEBEL, Bengaluru Dr S Guruprasad, DG (PC&SI) and Air Marshal SBP Sinha, PVSM, AVSM, VM, ADC (Retd), DRDO Chair, visited Defence Bioengineering and Electromedical Laboratory (DEBEL) on 5 November 2019 and witnessed the Raksha Rajya Mantri Shri Shripad Yesso Naik being briefed about ATGM at ARDE performance evaluation of Integrated Life Support System (ILSS) under Simulated High Altitude Conditions with Pilot-in-Loop. ILSS, comprising 11 LRUs, has successfully undergone trials for its functional performance in simulated environment as a precursor to the actual flight trials. Gp Capt. Gunasekaran, was the subject test Pilot from NFTC. Surg. Cdr. Ranjan Sarkar, Aviation Medical Specialist, IAM, Bengaluru monitored the physiological parameters of the test pilot. The performance of the integrated system was found on par with Liquid Oxygen Dr S Guruprasad, DG (PC&SI) and Air Marshal SBP Sinha at DEBEL (LOX) System being used presently in Tejas. HEMRL, Pune Hon’ble Raksha Rajya Mantri, Shri Shripad Yesso Naik visited High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL) on 5 November 2019. Hon’ble Minister inaugurated latest state-of- the-art Igniter Processing Facility for design, processing and evaluation of ignition systems. He also visited HD 1.1 Propellant Processing Facility, Multiple Motor Processing Facility, Universal Pilot Plant and various exhibits. Shri KPS Murthy, Director, HEMRL, presented an overview of the activities of HEMRL.Shri PK Mehta, DG (ACE), Dr VV Rao, Director, ARDE, and Shri Raksha Rajya Mantri Shri Shripad Yesso Naik inaugurating the Igniter Complex at HEMRL

30 January 2020 www.drdo.gov.in Visits DRDO newsletter

Aloke Mishra, CCER&D (West), were present during the visit. TT Maj Gen Deepak Obhrai, VSM, ADG, Artillery (A), along with Col. Chirayu Motial, SM visited HEMRL on 29 November 2019. Shri KPS Murthy briefed them on the activities of HEMRL. Presentations on the projects related to Gun Propellants, Solid Rocket Propellants, High Explosives were given by the senior scientists. Maj. Gen. Obhrai evinced keen interest in the exhibits and activities of HEMRL.

INMAS, Delhi Maj. Gen. Deepak Obhrai being briefed about HEMRL product Lt Gen Atulya Solankey, SM, COS, HQ ARTRAC visited Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS). Dr Sushil Chandra, Sc ‘G’ & Head, Deptt of Bio-Medical Engg briefed him about significance of virtual reality/ augmented reality-based cognitive training for defence personnel. He also emphasised on cognitive assessment and enhancement for cognitive resilience and readiness of soldiers. LRDE, Bengaluru Air Marshal Sandeep Singh, AVSM VM, Deputy Chief of Air Staff, visited Electronics and Radar Development

Establishment (LRDE) on 20 November Lt Gen Solankey being briefed about augmented reality-based cognitive training at INMAS 2019. Ms J Manjula, DS & DG (ECS), Shri SS Nagaraj, OS & Director, LRDE, senior officers and project directors were present during the meeting. DG (ECS) welcomed the Deputy Chief of Air Staff. Shri SS Nagaraj made a brief overview on LRDE radars. Presentations on Radars for IAF, Low Level Transportable Radar (LLTR), Medium Power Radar (MPR), Mountain Radar, High Power Radar (HPR), Aslesha Mk- II, Long Range Tracking Radar (LRTR) and Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) Radar were made by the Project Directors. The Deputy Chief of Air Staff also visited the radar technologies display area. Air Marshal Sandeep Singh being briefed LRDE technologies

www.drdo.gov.in JANUARY 2020 31 NPOL, Kochi Dr Tessy Thomas, DS and DG (Aero) visited Naval Physical Oceanographic Laboratory (NPOL) on 22 November 2019. She interacted with Shri S Vijayan Pillai, Director, NPOL, and senior scientists of the laboratory. She was briefed about the Airborne Sonar for Coastal Security (ASCS) & Directional Sonobuoy. DG (Aero) visited the integration room of the submarine sonar project USHUS-2 and was presented a comprehensive overview of the project by the Director, NPOL. Dr Thomas delivered a technical talk on “Aerospace Odyssey”. She also shared her vast experience in Agni missile programme. She congratulated NPOL for the design and development of indigenous sonar systems. Dr Tessy Thomas being briefed about NPOL activities SAG, Delhi Lt Gen PS Rajeshwar, AVSM, VSM, CISC along with Maj Gen K Narayanan, SM, ACIDS (ICT) and Rear Adm Mohit Gupta, VSM, DG (DCyA), visited Scientific Analysis Group (SAG) for interaction with scientists. Dr Sudhir Kamath, OS & DG (MED&COS)) and Ms Anu Khosla, OS & Director, SAG briefed the visitors on the ongoing research activities of SAG. TT Lt Gen Taranjit Singh AVSM, VSM and team visited SAG on 25 November 2019. Ms Anu Khosla, briefed them about the activities of SAG. Presenta- tions on on-going research activities was followed by demos by the scientists. Lt Gen PS Rajeshwar in interaction with Dr Sudhir Kamath and Ms Anu Khosla at SAG DRDO NEWSLETTER WISHES ITS READERS BEST WISHES FOR A VERY HAPPY & PROSPEROUS NEW YEAR 2020

Published by Director, DESIDOC, Metcalfe House, Delhi-110 054