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Diplura, Campodeidae) Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 26.2 (2003) 69 Dos nuevas especies y una subespecie de campodeidos cavernícolas de la cornisa cantábrica (Diplura, Campodeidae) A. Sendra, J. Mª Salgado & E. Monedero Sendra, A., Salgado, J. Mª & Monedero E., 2003. Dos nuevas especies y una subespecie de campodeidos cavernícolas de la cornisa cantábrica (Diplura, Campodeidae). Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 26.2: 69–80. Abstract Two new species of cave–dwelling campodeids of the Cantabrian Cornice (Diplura, Campodeidae).— A total of 139 specimens of campodeid diplurans, collected from 27 caves of Cantabrian Cornice (Spain) are studied and two new species and one subspecies are described: Podocampa asturiana n. sp., Podocampa asturiana riberiensis n. ssp. and Litocampa zaldivarae n. sp. P. asturiana n. sp. differs from its most closely related species, P. group fragiloides (an endogean species) by troglomorphic characters; P. asturiana riberiensis n. ssp. is distinct from the type species by the number of trochanteral bacilliform sensilla; and L. zaldivarae n. sp. is easely recognized from Litocampa espanoli by the number of macrochaetae posterior lateral in IV urotergite. These new discoveries show the value and diversity of this family of apterygote insects in the Cantabrian subterranean environment. Key words: Diplura, Campodeidae, Cantabrian Cornice, Spain, Taxonomy, Cave–dwelling. Resumen Dos nuevas especies y una subespecie de campodeidos cavernícolas de la cornisa cantábrica (Diplura, Campodeidae).— Se han estudiado un total de 139 ejemplares de dipluros campodeidos, recolectados en 27 grutas de la cornisa cantábrica y se han descrito dos nuevas especies y una subespecie: Podocampa asturiana sp. n., Podocampa asturiana riberiensis ssp. n. y Litocampa zaldivarae sp. n. P. asturiana sp. n. difiere de la especie más próxima, Podocampa grupo fragiloides (una forma de hábitat endógeo), por características relacionadas con su facies cavernícola; P. asturiana riberiensis ssp. n. difiere de la especie tipo por el número de sensilos baciliformes trocanterales; y L. zaldivarae sp. n. es fácilmente distinguible de Litocampa espanoli por el número de macroquetas laterales posteriores del IV uroterguito. Estos nuevos hallazgos indican la riqueza y diversidad de esta familia de insectos apterigotos en el medio subterráneo cantábrico. Palabras clave: Diplura, Campodeidae, Cornisa cantábrica, España, Taxonomía, Fauna cavernícola. (Received: 31 VII 02; Conditional acceptance: 27 III 03; Final acceptance: 5 VI 03) Alberto Sendra & Emilio Monedero, Museu Valencià d’Història Natural (Fundación Entomológica Torres Sala), Paseo de la Pechina 15, 46008 Valencia, España (Spain). E–mail: [email protected] J. Mª Salgado, Dept. de Biología Animal, Univ. de León, 24071 León, España (Spain). E–mail: [email protected] ISSN: 1578–665X © 2003 Museu de Ciències Naturals 70 Sendra et al. Introducción los errores ocasionados por la contracción del cuer- po que sufren los ejemplares durante el proceso La primera aportación al conocimiento taxonó- de montaje, se adoptó como estimador de la lon- mico de los campodeidos cavernícolas de la corni- gitud total del cuerpo el LCT o sumatorio de las sa cantábrica y de toda la península ibérica, se longitudes de cabeza, pronoto, mesonoto y debe al Dr. B. CONDÉ (1949), con la descripción de metanoto (SENDRA, 1988). El LCT se mide de la Litocampa espanoli Condé, 1950, tras el estudio siguiente forma: desde la base de la macroqueta de una hembra capturada por los entomólogos distal del proceso frontal al final del borde poste- españoles F. Español y R. Zariquiey en la cueva de rior de la cápsula cefálica, para la cabeza, y desde Mañaria (Vizcaya). Seis años más tarde, en la que la base de las macroquetas mediales anteriores representa la obra más completa sobre la sistemá- hasta las bases de las sedas marginales posterio- tica de los dipluros campodeidos, CONDÉ (1956) da res, para cada uno de los notos torácicos. a conocer otra nueva especie, Podocampa simonini Condé, 1956, descubierta en dos grutas bastante próximas, la cueva de Hernialde (localidad típica) y Resultados la cueva de Mendikute, ambas en la provincia de Guipúzcoa. Pasarán más de veinticinco años hasta Podocampa asturiana sp. n. que de nuevo CONDÉ (1982), fije su atención en los campodeidos cavernícolas de la cordillera Material típico cantábrica, en un trabajo en el que amplía el área Holotipo: cueva Campanas, Mestas de Con, T. M. de distribución de Litocampa espanoli, y describe de Cangas de Onís, Asturias, 30T UP 377002, un nuevo género y nueva especie, Oncinocampa 3 IX 1987, J. M. Salgado y D. Rodríguez leg. Ma- falcifer Condé, 1982, de la cueva de la Marniosa cho de 8.9 mm, montado para su observación en (Santander), lo que va a otorgar un gran interés el medio de Marc André II y conservado en biogeográfico a esta región peninsular. Algunos fenoxietilen–glicol (nº 651), depositado en el años más tarde, en dos trabajos de SENDRA & CONDÉ Museu Valencià d´Historia Natural (Fundación (1988) y BARETH (1989), ambos publicados sin cono- Entomológica Torres Sala). cer sus autores el descubrimiento de sus colegas, Paratipos: Principado de Asturias: cueva del se describen dos nuevas especies de Oncinocampa, Aspro, Aballe, Término Municipal de Cangas de O. asonensis Sendra & Condé, 1988, hallada en Onís, Asturias, 30T UN 253991, 5{ 4} 1 juvenil. cinco cavidades cerca de la región de Asón, entre 20 IX 1997, J. M. Salgado leg.; cueva Campanas, los valles de Miera y Soba, y O. genuitei Bareth, Mestas de Con, T. M. de Cangas de Onís, Asturias, 1989, encontrada en la sima Trave, en el macizo 30T UP 377002, 13{ 8}, 3 IX 1987, J. M. Salgado central de los Picos de Europa. y D. Rodríguez leg.; cueva Les Canales, Veneros, En los últimos años, una laboriosa tarea de T. M. de Caso, Asturias, 30T UN 113828, 1{, muestreo, en más de un centenar de cavidades 3 X 1988, 1{, 1 VII 1989, J. M. Salgado y D. de la cornisa cantábrica, ha permitido ampliar y Rodríguez leg.; cueva Canellón, Collado de Andrín, conocer mejor la diversidad y vasta distribución T. M. Cangas de Onís, Asturias, 30T UN 266977, de los dipluros campodeidos en el medio subte- 1{, 4}, 12 V 1999, J. M. Salgado y D. Rodríguez rráneo. En el presente trabajo, se describen las leg.; cueva Cantiellu, Covadonga, T. M. de Cangas tres novedades taxonómicas descubiertas: dos de Onís, Asturias, 30T UN 345975, 4{ 3}, especies y una subespecie nuevas, dejando para 12 V 1997, J. M. Salgado y D. Rodríguez leg.; un trabajo posterior la relación faunística de to- cueva Cardanoriu, Teleña, T. M. de Cangas de das las formas conocidas, su variabilidad así como Onís, Asturias, 30T UN 341991, 1{ 1}, 26 IX 1998, una discusión sobre la colonización de la penín- J. M. Salgado y D. Rodríguez leg.; cueva La cueva, sula ibérica. Lago, T. M. de Cangas de Onís, Asturias, 30T UP 236007, 2} 16 VII 1994, J. M. Salgado y D. Rodríguez leg.; cueva Cuevona, Labra, T. M. de Material y métodos Cangas de Onís, Asturias, 30T UP 339035, 2{ 1}, 9 V 1998, J. M. Salgado y D. Rodríguez leg.; cueva Los 139 ejemplares examinados han sido monta- de La Curva, Coballes, T. M. de Caso, Asturias, dos, tras un lavado con agua destilada, entre 30T UN 067851, 2{ 4}, 20 V 1989, J. M. Salgado porta y cubre con Medio de Marc André II, para leg.; cueva del Foyu, Pando–Ribadesella, T. M. de posteriormente ser conservados en una mezcla Ribadesella, Asturias, 30T UP 289139, 3{ 1}, de agua destilada con propilen glicol–fenoxetol. 9 IX 1995, J. M. Salgado y D. Rodríguez leg.; cue- Su examen se realizó bajo un microscopio Leica va de Mazaculos, La Franca, T. M. de Ribadedeva, DMLS, con contraste de fases y los dibujos reali- Asturias, 30T UP 728049, 1{ 3}, 16 IX 1995, J. M. zados con la ayuda de un tubo de dibujo 1x. Salgado y D. Rodríguez leg.; cueva Pitufos o de la Las medidas fueron tomadas con ayuda de un Carretera, Bodes, T. M. de Parres, Asturias, 30T UP ocular micrométrico. Para la longitud corporal (LC) 217089, 3}, 17 IX 1988, 1{ 1}, 13 V 1989, J. M. se midieron los ejemplares montados in toto des- Salgado y D. Rodríguez leg.; cueva Pradón, Collia, de los extremos del proceso frontal de la cabeza al T. M. de Parres, Asturias, 30T UP 222087, 1{, de la válvula supranal del abdomen. Para evitar 23 V 1993, J. M. Salgado y D. Rodríguez leg; cue- Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 26.2 (2003) 71 va del Soto, Bodes, T. M. de Parres, Asturias, 30T UP 219095, 9{ 11}, 4 sexo?, 11 VII 1988, J. M. Tabla 1. Antenas completas, al parecer no Salgado y D. Rodríguez leg.; cueva Les Xianes regeneradas de Podocampa asturiana sp. "A", La Piñera–Sevares, T. M. de Piloña, Asturias, n.: L. Localidades (CCp. Cueva Campanas; 30T UP 154036, 1}, 29 VI 1996, J. M. Salgado y D. CA. Cueva Aspro; CCn. Cueva Cantiellu; CCv. Rodríguez leg.; cueva del Xunes, Vis, T. M. de Cueva Cuevona; CX. Cueva Les Xianes "A"); Amieva, Asturias, 30T UN 289951, 1{ 2}, LC. Longitud corporal, en mm; LCT. Suma de 20 V 2000, J. M. Salgado y D. Rodríguez leg.; las longitudes de la cabeza, pronoto, sumidero Linde–Bobia, Bobia, T. M. de Onís, mesonoto y metanoto, en µ; A. Antena Asturias, 30T UN 3999, 2{ 1}, 13 VIII 1978, (D. Derecha; I. Izquierda); Ant. Antenómeros; O. Escolà leg. LA. Longitud de las antenas, en mm; H. Total: 103 ejemplares, 48{ 50} 1 juvenil y Holotipo. 4 ejemplares sin diferenciación de sexo, conser- vados entre porta y cubre con medio de Marc Table 1. Complete antennae, not apparently André II o en tubos de cristal con fenoxietilen– regenerated from Podocampa asturiana n.
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