Factors Influencing the Intention to Use Mobile Shopping on Smartphones Among Malay and Non-Malaysian Chinese Students in Iium
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FACTORS INFLUENCING THE INTENTION TO USE MOBILE SHOPPING ON SMARTPHONES AMONG MALAY AND NON-MALAYSIAN CHINESE STUDENTS IN IIUM BY CAI YONGFANG A dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science (Marketing) Kulliyyah of Economics and Management Sciences International Islamic University Malaysia AUGUST 2019 ABSTRACT Despite the significant literature on mobile shopping in international settings, much more needs to be explored and investigated in the case of Malaysia. This study investigated the factors influencing the intention to use mobile shopping on smartphones among Malay and Chinese students in IIUM. It adopted a quantitative approach by conducting surveys among consumers in IIUM based on the extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This research shows that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived privacy, perceived trust, and perceived enjoyment are key determinants influencing consumers’ attitude towards an intention to use mobile shopping. The questionnaire data are collected from 350 students in IIUM. Partial Least Squares (PLS) is employed to test the research model and hypotheses. The findings reveal that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived trust, and perceived enjoyment have a direct and significant positive influence on attitude, while perceived privacy has an insignificant impact on attitude. Also, all independent variables used in this study have an indirect positive impact on the intention mediated by attitude, and only perceived privacy does not have a positive impact on intention mediated by attitude. Therefore, the findings indicate that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived trust, perceived enjoyment and consumer’s attitude are factors affecting the intention to use mobile shopping on smartphones among Malay and Chinese students in IIUM. i خﻻصة البحث على الرغم من توفر الكثري من الدراسات والبحوث العلمية اخلاصة ابلتسوق عرب اﻷجهزة احملمولة يف العامل، إﻻ أنه ﻻ يزال هناك العديد من اﻷشياء املتعلقة مبوضوع التسوق اليت ميكن استكشافها يف ماليزاي. هتدف هذه الدراسة إىل استكشاف أهم العوامل اليت تؤثّر على رغبة الطلبة املاليزيني والصينيني من اجلامعة اﻹسﻻمية العاملية مباليزاي يف استخدام اهلواتف الذكية من أجل التسوق. كما تعتمد الدراسة على منهج كمي يستهدف من خﻻله استقصاء مستهلكي اجلامعة اﻻسﻻمية العاملية IIUM استناًدا على منوذج قبول التكنولوجيا املوسعة )TAM(. توضح هذه الدراسة أن الفائدة املتوقعة، وسهولة اﻻستخدام املرجوة، واخلصوصية املفرتضة، والثقة املنتظرة، واﻻستخدام املمتع املتوقع تعد عوامل جوهرية تؤثر على موقف املستهلكني للتسوق عرب اﻷجهزة احملمولة. مت مجع بياانت اﻻستبيان من 315 طالبًا يف اجلامعة اﻹسﻻمية العاملية مباليزاي. كما مت اختبار مناذج الدراسة والفرضيات ابستخدام املربعات الصغرى اجلزئية )PLS(. ومن النتائج احملصل عليها من هذه الدراسة هي أن الفائدة املتوقعة، وسهولة اﻻستخدام املرجوة، والثقة املنتظرة واﻻستخدام املمتع املتوقع هلا أتثري إجيايب مباشر على موقف املستهلكني،يف حني أن اخلصوصية املفرتضة ليس هلا أتثري كبري على موقف املستهلكني. ابﻹضافةإىل ذلك، مجيع املتغريات املستقلة املستخدمة يف هذه الدراسة هلا أتثري إجيايب غري مباشر على الرغبة اليت يفضلها املستهلكون، بل أن اخلصوصية املفرتضة ليس هلا أي أتثري إجيايب عليها. لذلك، تشري نتائج الدراسة إىل أن الفائدة املتوقعة، وسهولة اﻻستخدام املرجوة، والثقة املنتظرة، واﻻستخدام املرجو، ابﻹضافة إىل موقف املستهلك، كلها عوامل تؤثر على رغبة الطﻻب املاليزيني والصينيني يف استخدام اهلواتف الذكية يف اجلامعة اﻹسﻻمية العاملية مباليزاي IIUM. ii APPROVAL PAGE Approval Page I certify that I have supervised and read this study and that in my opinion, it conforms to acceptable standards of scholarly presentation and is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a dissertation for the degree of Master of Science (Marketing). ………………………………….. Wan Jamaliah Wan Jusoh Supervisor I certify that I have read this study and that in my opinion it conforms to acceptable standards of scholarly presentation and is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a dissertation for the degree of Master of Science (Marketing). ………………………………….. Rozailin Abdul Rahman Internal Examiner ………………………………….. Nur Fariza Mustaffa Internal Examiner This dissertation was submitted to the Department of Business Administration and is accepted as a fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science (Marketing). ………………………………….. Noor Hazilah Abd Manaf Head, Department of Business Administration This dissertation was submitted to the Kulliyyah of Economics and Management Sciences and is accepted as a fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science (Marketing). ………………………………….. Hassanuddeen Abd. Aziz Dean, Kulliyyah of Economics and Management Sciences iii DECLARATION Declaration I hereby declare that this dissertation is the result of my own investigations, except where otherwise stated. I also declare that it has not been previously or concurrently submitted as a whole for any other degrees at IIUM or other institutions. Cai Yongfang Signature ......................................................... Date ......................................... iv INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA Copyright DECLARATION OF COPYRIGHT AND AFFIRMATION OF FAIR USE OF UNPUBLISHED RESEARCH FACTORS INFLUENCING THE INTENTION TO USE MOBILE SHOPPING ON SMARTPHONES AMONG MALAY AND CHINESE STUDENTS IN IIUM I declare that the copyright holders of this dissertation are jointly owned by the student and IIUM. Copyright © 2019 Cai Yongfang and International Islamic University Malaysia. All rights reserved. No part of this unpublished research may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior written permission of the copyright holder except as provided below 1. Any material contained in or derived from this unpublished research may be used by others in their writing with due acknowledgement. 2. IIUM or its library will have the right to make and transmit copies (print or electronic) for institutional and academic purposes. 3. The IIUM library will have the right to make, store in a retrieved system and supply copies of this unpublished research if requested by other universities and research libraries. By signing this form, I acknowledged that I have read and understand the IIUM Intellectual Property Right and Commercialisation policy. Affirmed by Cai Yongfang ……..…………………….. ……..…………………….. Signature Date v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS All praise and thanks are due to Allah SWT, the Lord of the world and peace be upon the Messenger Muhammad, his family and companions. Firstly, I am most indebted to all lectures especially Associate Professor Dr. Wan Jamaliah Wan Jusoh, and Assistant Professor Dr. Nurita Juhdi for their continuous support. I thank them for their academic advice, insightful remarks, constructive criticism and devotion and care during the course of my thesis journey. I am grateful to all my beloved friends who provided their time, effort and support for this project, and for their invaluable assistance and support during my study period. I can never thank you enough for your kindness, may Allah SWT reward you and your family. Finally, it is my utmost pleasure to dedicate this work to my dear parents and beloved family for their continuous love, encouragement and prayers. May Allah accept all our good deeds. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ........................................................................................................................... i Abstract in Aribic .......................................................................................................... ii Approval Page .............................................................................................................. iii Declaration .................................................................................................................... iv Copyright ....................................................................................................................... v Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................... vi List of Tables .................................................................................................................. x Lis of Figures .............................................................................................................. xii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 1 1.1 Introduction................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Research Background ................................................................................... 1 1.2.1 M-shopping in Malaysia ............................................................. 3 1.2.2 M-shopping in China................................................................... 6 1.3 Statement of the Problem.............................................................................. 9 1.4 Objectives of the Study ............................................................................... 11 1.5 Research Questions ..................................................................................... 12 1.6 Significance of the Study ............................................................................ 13 1.7 Scope of the Study ...................................................................................... 15 1.8 Definition of Key Terms ............................................................................. 15 1.9 Organisation