Weatherizing May Increase Lung Cancer Risk

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Weatherizing May Increase Lung Cancer Risk Washington University School of Medicine Digital Commons@Becker Washington University Record Washington University Publications 2-27-1986 Washington University Record, February 27, 1986 Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/record Recommended Citation "Washington University Record, February 27, 1986" (1986). Washington University Record. Book 367. http://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/record/367 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Washington University Publications at Digital Commons@Becker. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington University Record by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Becker. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON Washington University UNIVERSITY Tn7T*Sc'*W IN ST LOUIS Property of Mngta University rra -, - ■Medical library rtD ^ ' Vol. 10 No. 24/Feb. 27, 1986 Gass honored with Book Critics Circle award William H. Gass, Ph.D., David May Distinguished University Professor in the Humanities, has won the National Book Critics Circle award for the most distinguished work of criticism in 1985. Gass received the honor for Habitations of the Word, a collec- tion of essays on such writers as Emerson, Plato, Joyce and Shake- speare. The book is published by Si- mon & Schuster. Nineteen members of the 24-member board of directors met Feb. 17 at the Algonquin Hotel in New York City to select winners in five categories. The other four cate- gories are fiction, biography-auto- biography, general nonfiction and poetry. The awards have been pre- sented for the past 11 years by the organization, which is made up of 500 book critics and editors nation- wide. Gass said he learned of the award from the St. Louis Post-Dis- patch. "I came home around mid- night Monday night (Feb. 17) and had a message on my answering machine to call the Post-Dispatch at any hour. They had received a wire story from the New York Times News Service. "It is the only award of its kind of any general significance since the National Book Award collapsed," Gass said. His colleague, Stanley L. Illustration by Steve Edwards Elkin, Ph.D., Merle Kling Professor of Radon, a radioactive gas that migrates through the soil, enters homes through cracks in the foundation, pipes and seams in concrete block. A non- Modern Letters, received the award weatherized home (illustrated above, left) allows an exchange of indoor air with outside air. An energy-efficient home (above, right) that has been for fiction in 1982 for George Mills. weatherstripped and caulked traps radon inside by reducing the air exchange. Chancellor William H. Danforth said, "The University is extremely Radon warning: Think before you caulk proud that a distinguished member of its faculty has been honored with such a prestigious national award. Weatherizing may increase lung cancer risk Bill Gass continues to make signif- icant contributions to literature with For over a decade, Americans have about radon, but it is a major car- radon daughters. These daughters are his original and penetrating waged a cold war. Carrying the ban- cinogen and leads the list Of the na- not made of sugar and spice; they are analyses." ner of energy conservation, we have tion's indoor pollutant problems," radioactive and deadly, and they at- Frank Kermode's review of hunted down leaky windows and says Naomi Harley, Ph.D., professor tach quickly to airborne particles and Habitations of the Word in the loose doors. We have weather- of environmental medicine at New dust. March 10, 1985, issue of The New stripped and caulked until our homes York University School of Medicine. Larger dust particles carrying York Times Book Review, concluded are tight as snare drums. The Environmental Protection their radioactive cargo settle on the with the following: "Mr. Gass has a But evidence is mounting that Agency (EPA) estimates radon causes floor and furnishings. Smaller par- heartwarming respect for authors our airtight homes may be more like between 10,000 and 20,000 deaths in ticles are inhaled and lodge in the up- Continued on p. 3 prisons than secure fortresses. We the United States per year, making it per respiratory tract, where they are may be bottling ourselves up with a second only to cigarette smoke as a easily cleared with mucous. Only the witches' brew of indoor toxic cause of lung cancer. Some recent smallest particles travel deep within pollutants. studies put the annual toll as high as the lung where they are retained for "Making an average home mod- 30,000 deaths. long periods of time. The daughters erately energy-efficient could more Brambley believes those figures have half-lives ranging from 26.8 than double the risk of lung cancer could become worse as more home- minutes to about a ten-thousandth of from exposure to radon gas. Because owners retro-fit homes with con- a second. Thus they decay inside the of the large population potentially servation devices to battle energy respiratory system, releasing alpha- exposed, there is tremendous need costs. "Although many homeowners radiation that is absorbed by the lin- for more study to understand the have taken some conservation mea- ing of the lung. "This is the region risks involved," says Michael R. sures," he says, "most homes are still where many lung cancers tend to Brambley, Ph.D., assistant professor not weatherized to the levels usually originate," Brambley explains. in the departments of Engineering recommended." Outdoors, radon diffuses into the and Policy and Mechanical Engineer- Brambley's is the first study that atmosphere. But radon from soil un- ing. thoroughly estimates the risk of lung derneath a home sneaks into living "Tightening homes increases the cancer due to energy conservation. spaces through cracked foundations, concentration of pollutants that orig- The report is scheduled for publica- pipe entries or seams in concrete inate indoors," he explains. Activities tion in the June issue of Energy, the block. like smoking, cooking and operating International Journal. Evidence indicates most U.S. unvented kerosene heaters are major Radon itself is not harmful. It is homes have airborne radon levels be- contributors. But radon gas — a dan- an inert gas that results from the de- tween 0.001 and 0.02 WL (working gerous and insidious pollutant — cay of radium, a radioactive mineral level — a measurement of radioactiv- comes from the building itself and found in trace amounts all over ity concentration). Although any ex- from the ground on which it is built. earth's crust. But radon decays into posure to radon involves some risk, a "People really haven't heard four unstable elements, the so-called Continued on p. 3 William H. Gass WU Alliance earns challenge grant funds WU has qualified for a matching $45 Chancellor William H. Danforth million Danforth Foundation Chal- said, "Our alumni and friends have lenge Grant, by raising $135 million been just magnificent in their re- in gifts and commitments to THE AL- sponse to the ALLIANCE and I am LIANCE FOR WASHINGTON UNI- deeply grateful to them. This re- VERSITY. The challenge grant is sponse is an expression of the con- designated for the University's en- tinuing partnership between the men dowment. and women of the University and "This is a major accomplishment those in St. Louis and across the na- in the University's $300 million AL- tion who share the institution's vi- LIANCE program," announced sion and its commitment to service." George H. Capps, vice chairman of "We have been able to make the board of trustees and general outstanding progress toward our ex- chairman of the ALLIANCE. traordinary capital goals, and annual "To meet the requirements for giving support has increased to help the grant, which provided $ 1 for meet the needs of the University at each $3 given by private sector do- this crucial period in our history," nors, the University had to raise said Herbert F. Hitzemanjr., senior $135 million in qualifying funds vice chancellor for university rela- from its alumni and friends during a tions and director of the ALLIANCE Presidential greeting: WU sophomore Paul M. Koulogeorge, alias George Washington, six-year period that began in January campaign. greets junior Eric K. Lowenstein in Wohl Center, as students Scott E. Greenspan and Amanda J. Laveson look on. Koulogeorge, Greenspan and Laveson are members of Lock & Chain, the sopho- 1982. The challenge was met two "Even when the ALLIANCE goals more honorary group that sponsored the "George Washington Birthday Celebration" Feb. 17-21 to years before the deadline," Capps are met, it is clear that there will be honor the University's namesake. In commemoration of the week, Koulogeorge donned his Wash- said. an ongoing need for a strong pro- ington attire to distribute discount coupons in Wohl for items purchased at Fat's Down Under. Capps also announced that gifts gram of annual operating support in Other George Washington activities included a birthday bash in The Gargoyle with music by the and commitments to the ALLIANCE order for Washington University to Ralph Butler Band. The organization also sponsored a "Cherry Pie Tang" at the party, where 20 now total $2752 million, including continue to serve as one of the teams competed to become the fastest pie-eating team (without using silverware, of course). $177.5 million in capital support and world's leading universities," Hitze- $97.7 million in support of annual man said. Films, panel discussion program operations. Blacks' experiences on Exiled Chilean novelist to read from her work March 5 white campuses probed Novelist Isabel Allende will give a though the book is fiction, it was in- reading and commentary at 11 a.m. spired by Allende's own experiences. The success rate and experiences of The panel members, who all are Wednesday, March 5, in Graham She is the niece of assassinated black students on predominantly affiliated with WU, are: Patrick B.
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