Eco Logic ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES Pty Ltd FLORA AND

Eco Logic ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES Pty Ltd

FLORA AND VEGETATION ASSESSMENT, LOT 21 CAVES ROAD, HAMELIN BAY

Prepared for TME

Town Planning Management Engineering

Report Date: 4 November 2014

Project Reference: 2014/0198, V1

Distribution List

No. of Report Name Report Date Prepared for: Initials copies Status TME Town Planning 1 Flora and Vegetation V1 4 November KL Management Assessment Report, Lot 2014 21 Caves Road, Hamelin Engineering Bay.

LIST OF ATTACHMENTS

ABBREVIATIONS

1 INTRODUCTION 6

1.1 Background 6

1.2 Objectives 6

2. EXISTING INFORMATION 8

2.1 Location Description 8

2.2 Soil and Landform 8

2.3 Biological Context of the Study Area 8

2.3.1 Bioregional Data 8

2.3.2 Vegetation Complexes 9

3. FLORA AND VEGETATION SURVEY METHODOLOGY 10

3.1 Survey Methodology 10

3.1.1 Vegetation Description 11

3.1.2 Vegetation Condition 12

3.1.3 Database Searches 13

3.1.4 Botanical Survey Limitations 16

4. FLORA AND VEGETATION RESULTS 18

4.1 Vegetation 18

4.1.1 Vegetation Types 18

4.1.2 Vegetation Condition 24

4.1.3 Vegetation Significance 26

4.2 Flora 27

4.2.1 General 27

4.2.2 Conservation Significance of Flora 27

5. CONCLUSIONS 28

6. REFERENCES 31

7. DISCLAIMER 33

LIST OF ATTACHMENTS

Tables (in text)

Table 1: Vegetation Structural Classes

Table 2: Vegetation Condition Ratings

Table 3: Species Listed on DPaW’s Threatened and Priority Flora Database and Online EPBC Act 1999 Protected Matters Report Recorded in the Vicinity of the Study Area Table 4: Statement of Botanical Survey Limitations

Table 5: Vegetation Types and Conditions form Areas 2 and 3.

Table 6: Vegetation Types and Conditions from Area 1

Table 7: Location of Acacia subracemosa- Priority 3 listed species

Figures

Figure 1: Study area delineating the three assessment zones

Figure 2: Vegetation Types, Condition and Complexes- Areas 2 and 3

Figure 3: Vegetation Types, Condition and Complexes- Area 1

Appendixes

Appendix 1: Quadrat Data

Appendix 2: Area 1 - Vegetation types, Condition and Photos

Appendix 3: Flora Species List

ABBREVIATIONS

DPaW Department of Parks and Wildlife

EES Eco Logic Environmental Services Pty Ltd

EPA Environmental Protection Authority

EPBC Act Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

GPS Global Positioning System

PEC Priority Ecological Community

TEC Threatened Ecological Community

TPFL Threatened and Priority Flora Database

WAHerb WA Herbarium database

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

Eco Logic Environmental Services was commissioned by TME Town Planning Management Engineering to undertake a Flora and Vegetation Assessment of Lot 21 Caves Road Hamelin Bay for a proposed hamlet-style development on a portion of the property.

Lot 21 consists of 211.47 hectares with a mix of remnant vegetation, parkland-cleared areas and open pasture areas. The study area was divided into three zones (Figure 1).

Area 1 consists of native remnant vegetation and is zoned “Leeuwin Naturaliste Ridge Conservation” in the Shire of Augusta-Margaret River Local Planning Scheme A Level 1 flora and vegetation assessment was required to be undertaken of this area to outline the vegetation types and condition to establish the ecological values.

Area 2 is currently zoned” General Agriculture” in the Shire of Augusta-Margaret River Local Planning Scheme with the northern portion zoned “Leeuwin Naturaliste Ridge Landscape Amenity”. A Level 2 flora and vegetation assessment was required in this area to establish whether some limited development may be possible.

Area 3 is also currently zoned “General Agriculture” in the Shire of Augusta-Margaret River Local Planning Scheme and has historically been used for grazing with mainly cleared pasture and stands of peppermint trees. This area is proposed to be developed into an “Enclave” style development and a Level 2 flora and vegetation assessment was undertaken of this area.

1.2 Objectives

The main objectives of the Flora and Vegetation Assessment was to provide the following information:

Area 1

The Level 1 flora and vegetation assessment of Area 1 will comply with the Environmental Protection Authority’s (EPA) guidelines for flora surveys as outlined in Guidance Statement No. 51 Terrestrial Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment in Western Australia (EPA, 2004) and Position Statement No. 3, Terrestrial Biological Surveys as an Element of Biodiversity Protection (EPA, 2002) and will include the following components:

• Background information on the area including landform, geology, topography and soil;

• Biological contents of the area including bioregional data and vegetation complex mapping;

• A search of the DPaW Threatened and Priority database within a 5-10km radius of the study area will be undertaken to identify significant flora that may potentially occur within the study area.

• Mapping representative vegetation types and condition with the survey area. Representative photographs of vegetation types and habitat values;

• Results of the field assessment including the vegetation types, condition, conservation significance of recorded flora and vegetation types and significant weeds;

• A discussion on the ecological values of the area for its potential inclusion into the Leeuwin-Naturaliste National Park. Area 2 and Area 3

The Level 2 Flora and Vegetation Assessment of Areas 2 and 3 included the following components:

• Desktop Assessment; • Survey Methodology, including database searches and limitations; • Mapping of vegetation types (and condition using the Bush Forever condition rating) within the study area using a combination of recent aerial photography and field surveys to ground truth; • Providing a list of all native and non-native plant species recorded from non – permanent 10m x10m quadrats and releve sites located in representative vegetation types within the study area, as well as a thorough site walkover to record all additional species. • A list of significant species recorded on DPaW’s Threatened and Priority Species and EPBC Act Protected Matters Report databases occurring in the vicinity of the study area. The location of any Threatened and Priority species identified on site will be recorded using a handheld Global Positioning System (GPS); • A description of the vegetation types, vegetation condition and presence of any Threatened or Priority flora, Threatened Ecological Community’s (TECs) and Priority Ecological Communities (PECs) occurring on the site; and • A discussion on the presence of any conservation significant flora and/or vegetation communities. The opportunities and constraints of the project, give recommendations to address potential impacts to flora and vegetation and give advise on the environmental acceptability of the proposed development.

2. EXISTING INFORMATION

2.1 Location Description

The study area is located approximately 6 kilometres south-west of the Karridale townsite and approximately 3 kilometres south-east of Hamelin Bay. The eastern boundary of the study area fronts Caves Road approximately 300m south of the Caves Road/Hamelin Bay Road intersection. The Karridale Cemetery Reserve is located near the north-east corner of the study area. The western portion of Lot 21 is bounded to the north, west and south by the Leeuwin-Naturaliste National Park.

2.2 Soils and Landform

The study area is associated with the Kilcarnup Dunes Land System of the Leeuwin- Naturalist Coast. The Kilcarnup Dunes are parabolic dunes, often steeply inclined. They are formed form calcareous sands deposited in the late Pleistocene or Holocene. They usually rise from sea level to a height of 100m, but can be as high as 200m above sea level. They are usually exposed to strong winds off the ocean (Tille and Lantzke, 1990).

The majority of the study area consists of the Kilcarnup Exposed Dunes (Kef) land unit consisting of steep dunes (gradients usually in excess of 20%) on the west coast, exposed to prevailing winds coming directly off the ocean. Soil consists of deep pale calcareous sand with brown topsoil and is well vegetated.

There are small pockets of the Kilcarnup Dunes land unit (Kf) in the western portion of the study area along the north and south boundaries which consist of steep dunes (gradients usually in excess of 20%) not exposed to prevailing winds with deep pale calcareous sands with brown topsoil. The south-eastern corner of the study area consists of the Kilcarnup Rocky Dunes land unit (Kr) of low to steep dunes (gradients 5-10%) not exposed to prevailing winds with dark calcareous sands containing limestone rubble (Tille and Lantzke, 1990).

Due to the sandy nature of soil of the Kilcarnup Dune land system, any disturbance of the vegetation is likely to result in wind erosion.

2.3 Biological Context of the Study Area

2.3.1 Bioregional Data

Western Australia supports 53 bio-geographical subregions. These bioregions are defined on the basis of geology, landform, vegetation, fauna and climate. The study area is located in the Warren bioregion (McKenzie et al., 2003). The Warren subregion is dissected undulating country, forming part of landforms known as the Leeuwin Complex, the Southern Berth Basin (Blackwood Plateau), the Yilgarn Craton and western parts of the Albany Orogen. With a combination of hills, plateaus and plains, the bioregions features four main soil types:

• Loamy soils supporting karri forest; • Red laterites supporting jarrah-marri forests, • Leaching sandy soils in depressions and as plains supporting low jarrah woodlands and paperbark/sedge swamp, and

• Holocene marine dunes supporting Agonis flexuosa thickets, Banksia woodlands and heaths (McKenzie et al., 2003).

2.3.2 Vegetation Complexes

The study area has previously been mapped by Mattiske and Havel (1998) in Vegetation Mapping in the South West of Western Australia. The vegetation within the study area is associated with three vegetation complexes of the Leeuwin-Naturaliste Coast as described below (Mattiske and Havel, 1998).

Leeuwin- Naturaliste Coast

• Kilcarnup (KE): Tall shrubland to closed heath of Agonis flexuosa-Spyridium globulosum on exposed slopes of calcareous dunes in the hyper-humid to humid zones; and • Kilcarnup (Kf): Tall shrubland of Agonis flexuosa on leeside of dunes in hyperhumid zone; and • Kilcarnup (KR): Tall shrubland of Agonis flexuosa-Acacia saligna on leeside of calcareous dunes in hyperhumid to humid zones.

3. FLORA AND VEGETATION SURVEY METHODOLOGY

3.1 Survey Methodology

Area 1

A Level 1 flora and vegetation assessment was undertaken of Area 1 to comply with the Environmental Protection Authority’s (EPA) guidelines for flora surveys as outlined in Guidance Statement No. 51 Terrestrial Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment in Western Australia (EPA, 2004) and Position Statement No. 3, Terrestrial Biological Surveys as an Element of Biodiversity Protection (EPA, 2002). The Level 1 Flora and Vegetation Assessment included compiling information from DPAW’s Threatened Species and Priority database and Commonwealth’s Department of Environment (DoE) EPBC Act Protected Matters databases, mapping representative vegetation types/ conditions and conservation significant flora and vegetation. A low intensity sampling of the flora and vegetation was undertaken utilising the existing access tracks to assess the vegetation.

Area 2 and Area 3

The Level 2 flora and vegetation assessment involved compiling information from DPAW’s Threatened Species and Priority database and Commonwealth’s Department of Environment (DoE) EPBC Act Protected Matters databases, sampling of 10m x 10m quadrat located within representative vegetation types, as well as thoroughly traversing the site on foot to record all plant species present at the time of the survey. This method complies with Eco Logic Environmental Services’ interpretation of the Environmental Protection Authority’s (EPA) guidelines for flora surveys as outlined in Guidance Statement No.51 Terrestrial Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment in Western Australia (EPA, 2004) and Position Statement No.3, Terrestrial Biological Surveys as an Element of Biodiversity Protection (EPA, 2002). Quadrat dimensions are dependant on the region in which the survey is being undertaken. For the Warren Bioregion it is appropriate to sample quadrats of 10m x 10m dimension. Quadrats samples were undertaken in representative vegetation types across the study area. The timing of the survey in spring (September /October) was considered optimal period for the identification of the majority of Threatened and Priority listed flora potentially occurring in the area. The survey was conducted over four days (24 hours) on 19 and 24 September, 7 October and 2 November 2014. The survey extended into November to enable a search for late flowering orchids such as the Priority 3 listed Caladenia abbreviata that occurs on sand and sand dune habitat in the region. The major vegetation types were initially delineated using recent colour aerial photography supplemented by on-ground vegetation surveys to ground truth. Some of the project area was accessible via vehicle on existing tracks/open paddocks and the survey was conducted by traversing areas of native remnant vegetation within the study area on foot. Common species that were well known to the survey botanist were identified in the field, while specimens of all other species were collected, assigned a unique identification number to facilitate tracking and pressed that day. Some delicate plants were also photographed to assist in identification. Plant specimens collected were then identified using local and regional keys and DPaW’s Florabase.

Species and site characteristics were recorded from each of the quadrats sampled. A handheld GPS was used to record the location of each quadrat and colour photographs were taken of each quadrat. The following information was collected at each quadrat: Percentage Foliage Cover and Height Cover was estimated visually for each species recorded within the quadrat. Estimates were made to the nearest percentage where possible. Height was visually estimated for all species recorded in the quadrat. Soil Colour, soil texture and soil moisture within each quadrat was recorded. Location MGA coordinates (equivalent to WGS84) were taken from the corner of 10m x 10m quadrats using a hand held Global Positioning System (GPS) to an accuracy of 4m.

3.1.1 Vegetation Description Vegetation types were described and mapped according to the structure and species composition of the dominant stratum using the system adapted from Muir (1977) and Aplin (1979) (Table 1) on the following page.

Table 1: Vegetation Structural Classes

Canopy Cover Stratum (adapted from Muir, 1977 and Aplin, 1979) 70-100% 30-70% 10-30% 2-10% <2%

Trees over Tall Closed Tall Open Tall Tall Open Scattered Tall 30m Forest Forest Woodland Woodland Trees

Trees Open Scattered Closed Forest Open Forest Woodland 10-30m Woodland Trees

Trees Low Closed Open Scattered Low Open Forest Woodland under 10m Forest Woodland Trees

Shrubs Tall Closed Tall Open Tall Tall Open Scattered Tall over 2m Scrub Scrub Shrubland Shrubland Trees

Shrubs Low Open Scattered Low Closed Heath Open Heath Shrubland 1-2m Shrubland Shrubs

Shrubs Low Closed Low Open Low Low Open Scattered Low under 1m Heath Heath Shrubland Shrubland Shrubs

Closed Open Very Open Scattered Grasses Grassland Grassland Grassland Grassland Grasses

Closed Open Very Open Herbs and Sedgeland/ Scattered Sedgeland/ Sedgeland/ Sedgeland/ Sedges Herbland Sedges/Herbs Herbland Herbland Herbland

3.1.2 Vegetation Condition Vegetation condition was assessed using the condition rating scale adapted from Bush Forever (Government of Western Australia, 2000) as described on the following page.

Table 2: Vegetation Condition Ratings

Pristine Pristine or nearly so, no obvious signs of disturbance.

Vegetation structure intact, disturbance affecting individual species and Excellent weeds are non-aggressive species.

Vegetation structure altered, obvious signs of disturbance. For example, Very Good disturbance to vegetation structure caused by repeated fires, the presence of some more aggressive weeds, dieback, logging and grazing.

Vegetation structure significantly altered by very obvious signs of multiple disturbance. Retains basic vegetation structure or ability to Good regenerate. For example, disturbance to vegetation structure caused by very frequent fires, the presence of some very aggressive weeds at high density, partial clearing, dieback and grazing.

Basic vegetation structure severely impacted by disturbance. Scope for regeneration but not to a state approaching good condition without Degraded intensive management. For example disturbance to vegetation structure caused by very frequent fires, the presence of some very aggressive weeds at high density, partial clearing, dieback and grazing.

The structure of the vegetation is no longer intact and the area is Completely completely or almost completely without native species. These areas Degraded are often described as ‘parkland cleared’ with the flora comprising weed or crop species with isolated native trees or shrubs.

3.1.3 Database Searches Threatened and Priority Flora Species Search Prior to conducting the September/October 2014 flora and vegetation survey, a request for threatened and priority flora information was undertaken with DPaW. A search was conducted by DPaW, within the area of the central coordinates, with an additional 5km buffer. The search included the Threatened and Priority Flora Database (TPFL), the WA Herbarium database (WAHerb) and the Threatened and Priority Flora Species List for the area (DPaW, 2014a) The Note: DPaW advises that the supplied data does not necessarily represent a comprehensive listing of the Threatened and Priority Flora of the area. Its comprehensiveness is dependent on the amount of survey carried out within the specified area. In addition, an on-line NatureMap search was undertaken (DPaW, 2014b) to review potential species of conservation significance in the vicinity of the study area. While all native flora are protected under the Western Australia Wildlife Conservation Act, 1950, some Threatened are afforded additional protection under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act, 1999 (EPBC Act). An Online EPBC Act 1999 Protected Matters Report was undertaken of the study area and a vicinity of 10 kms (DoE, 2014).

The database searches found that 13 threatened species and 19 priority-listed species have been recorded in the vicinity of the study area. Refer to Table 3. Table 3: Species Listed on DPaW’s Threatened and Priority Flora Database and Online EPBC Act 1999 Protected Matters Report Recorded in the Vicinity of the Study Area DEC Conservation and EPBC Act Species Priority Codes Acacia subracemosa P3 Agrostocrinum scabrum subsp. P2 littorale Astartea onyis P4 Banksia nivea subsp. uliginosa T Endangered Banksia sessilis var. cordata P4 Banksia squarrosa subsp. Vulnerable T argillacea Bossiaea disticha P4 Caladenia abbreviata P3 Caladenia huegelii T Endangered Caladenia lodgeana T Caladenia pholcoides subsp. P1 angustensis Caladenia winfieldii T Endangered Caladenia sp. Boranup (M. P2 Spencer MS71) PN Centrolepis caespitosa T Endangered Dampiera heteroptera P3 Drakaea micrantha T Vulnerable Drosera fimbriata T Endangered Eucalyptus calcicola subsp. P4 calcicola Galium leptogonium P3 Gastrolobium papilio T Endangered Gonocarpus pusillus P4 Hemigenia obovata P1 Kennedia lateritia T Endangered Lambertia orbifolia T Endangered Lepyrodia extensa P2 Leucopogon wheelerae P3 Philyrella pygmaea subsp. P1 minima Pultanaea pinifolia P3 Critically Reedia spathacea T Endangered Sphenotoma drummondii T Endangered Stylidium ireneae P4 Thomasia triloba P1

DPaW Conservation Codes

T: Threatened (Declared Rare Flora) - Extant Taxa

Taxa which have been adequately searched for and are deemed to be in the wild either rare, in danger of extinction, or otherwise in need of special protection, and have been gazetted as such.

X: Declared Rare Flora - Presumed Extinct Taxa

Taxa which have not been collected, or otherwise verified, over the past 50 years despite thorough searching, or of which all known wild populations have been destroyed more recently, and have been gazetted as such.

1: Priority One - Poorly known Taxa

Taxa which are known from one or a few (generally <5) populations which are under threat, either due to small population size, or being on lands under immediate threat, e.g. road verges, urban areas, farmland, active mineral leases, etc., or the plants are under threat, e.g. from disease, grazing by feral animals, etc. May include taxa with threatened populations on protected lands. Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare flora', but are in urgent need of further survey.

2: Priority Two - Poorly Known Taxa

Taxa which are known from one or a few (generally <5) populations, at least some of which are not believed to be under immediate threat (i.e. not currently endangered). Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare flora', but are in urgent need of further survey.

3: Priority Three - Poorly Known Taxa

Taxa which are known from several populations, and the taxa are not believed to be under immediate threat (i.e. not currently endangered), either due to the number of known populations (generally >5), or known populations being large, and either widespread or protected. Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare flora' but are in need of further survey.

4: Priority Four - Rare Taxa

Taxa which are considered to have been adequately surveyed and which, whilst being rare (in Australia) are not currently threatened by any identifiable factors. These taxa require monitoring every 5-10 years.

Categories of Threatened Species as defined in Section 179 of the EPBC Act 1999

(1) A native species is eligible to be included in the extinct category at a particular time if, at that time, there is no reasonable doubt that the last member of the species has died.

(2) A native species is eligible to be included in the extinct in the wild category at a particular time if, at that time:

(a) it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalised population well outside its past range; or (b) it has not been recorded in its known and/or expected habitat, at appropriate seasons, anywhere in its past range, despite exhaustive surveys over a time frame appropriate to its life cycle and form.

(3) A native species is eligible to be included in the critically endangered category at a particular time if, at that time, it is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future, as determined in accordance with the prescribed criteria.

(4) A native species is eligible to be included in the endangered category at a particular time if, at that time:

(a) it is not critically endangered; and (b) it is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future, as determined in accordance with the prescribed criteria.

(5) A native species is eligible to be included in the vulnerable category at a particular time if, at that time:

(a) it is not critically endangered or endangered; and (b) it is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium term future, as determined in accordance with the prescribed criteria.

(6) A native species is eligible to be included in the conservation dependent category at a particular time if, at that time:

(a) the species is the focus of a specific conservation program the cessation of which would result in the species becoming vulnerable, endangered or critically endangered; or (b) the following subparagraphs are satisfied:

(i) the species is a species of fish; (ii) the species is the focus of a plan of management that provides for management actions necessary to stop the decline of, and support the recovery of, the species so that its chances of long term survival in nature are maximised; (iii) the plan of management is in force under a law of the Commonwealth or of a State or Territory; (iv) cessation of the plan of management would adversely affect the conservation status of the species.

Threatened and Priority Ecological Community Search Prior to conducting the flora and vegetation assessment, a request for information from the DPaW’s Threatened Ecological Communities (TEC) database was undertaken (DPaW, 2014b). The search resulted in one TEC identified within the 10km radial area from the central coordinate as outlined below:

• Reedia swamps-Blackwood Plateau: Reedia spathacea - Empodisma gracillimum- Sporadanthus rivularis dominated floodplains and paluslopes of the Blackwood Plateau.

The EPBC Act online Protected Matters Report (DoE, 2014) within a 10km radius of the study area recorded two TECs including:

• Aquatic Root Mat Community 1 in Caves of the Leeuwin Naturaliste Ridge; and • Aquatic Root Mat Community 1 in Caves of the Leeuwin Naturaliste Ridge.

3.1.4 Botanical Survey Limitations The potential limitations of the September/October 2014 flora and vegetation surveys of the study area are presented in Table 4 on the following page.

Table 4: Statement of Botanical Survey Limitations

Constraints (Yes/No); Potential Limitations Significant, Moderate Comment or Negligible Competency/experience of Botanist with extensive survey the consultant conducting the No constraints experience and taxonomic skills in survey the South West Region. Four days (24 hours) was spent on Proportion of the flora No constraints site. All recorded species were identified identified. Sources of information No constraints Relatively well documented. (historic/recent or new data) Proportion of the task achieved and further work No requirement for further survey No constraints that may need to be considered necessary. undertaken The timing of the survey in spring is considered the optimal period for Timing/weather/season/cycle No constraints the identification of the majority of Threatened and Priority listed flora potentially occurring in the area. Areas 2 and 3 (Figure 1) – A Level 2 survey of all remnant vegetation areas within the proposed development areas were mapped and searched comprehensively on Intensity of survey (e.g. In foot. retrospect was to intensity No constraints Area 1- A Level 1 reconnaissance adequate) survey was undertaken utilising existing track access. No development is proposed in this area and may be ceded to National Park. All remnant vegetation areas were Completeness (e.g. was No constraints mapped and searched relevant area fully surveyed) comprehensively on foot. Experienced botanist undertook Resources (e.g. degree of plant identification using regional expertise available for plant No constraints botanical keys, and DPaW identification) Florabase. Vehicle access was available to the Remoteness and/or access majority of the site. All areas of No constraints problems vegetation were traversed and assessed on foot. Availability of contextual (e.g. Beard (1990); McKenzie et al., bioregional) information for No constraints (2002) Mattiske and Havel (1998), the survey area Havel (2002). Fungi and nonvascular flora (e.g. algae, mosses and liverworts) were not specifically surveyed during the survey. No numerical analysis of floristic data collected was conducted.

4. FLORA AND VEGETATION RESULTS

The flora and vegetation survey of the study area was undertaken by Ms Kay Lehman an experienced botanist from Eco Logic Environmental Services over four days on 19 and 24 September, 7 October and 2 November 2014. A total 24 hours was spent undertaking the flora and vegetation survey which is considered an adequate time given the area (and condition) of remnant vegetation within the study area. 4.1 Vegetation

4.1.1 Vegetation Types

Areas 2 and 3

A total of 15 discrete native vegetation types (excluding scattered and isolated trees) were recorded from Areas 2 and 3 (Figure 1). The vegetation types are described below in Table 5 and mapped on Figure 2. Refer to Appendix 1 for quadrat data and Appendix 2 for a list of species recorded from Areas 2 and 3.

Table 5: Vegetation Types and Conditions form Areas 2 and 3.

Forest and Woodland

1 Woodland/ Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Low Degraded condition Open Shrubland/Scattered Shrubs of Hibbertia cuneiformis, Spryridium globulosum, Templetonia retusa and Tetragonia implexicoma over a Very Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Very Open Herbland of *Zantedeschia aethiopica, *Euphorbia peplus and *Geranium molle and Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus and *Briza maxima.

2 Open Woodland/Scattered Trees of Agonis flexuosa Completely Degraded over an Open Shrubland/Scattered Shrubs of Hibbertia condition cuneiformis, Melaleuca systena, and Tetragonia implexicoma over a Closed Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus and *Bromus diandrus and Scattered Herbs of *Zantedeschia aethiopica, *Euphorbia peplus, Hypochaeris glabra, *Solanum linneanum and *Romulea rosea and *Geranium molle

3 Open Woodland/Scattered trees of Agonis flexuosa Good to Very Good over an Open Heath of Leucopogon parviflorus, condition. Templetonia retusa, Spyridium globulosum, Olearia axillaris and Acacia littorea and Hibbertia cuneiformis over a Shrubland of Melaleuca systena, Tetragonia implexicoma, Acrotriche cordata and Acanthocarpos preissii over an Open Herbland of *Romulea rosea, Brachyscome iberidifolia, Opercularia vaginalis and

Isotropis cuneifolia subsp. cuneifolia, Very Open Sedgeland/Scattered Sedgeland of Lepidosperma squamatum and Very Open Grassland of * Lagurus ovatus.

4 Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa and Melaleuca huegelii Degraded to Good condition over a Tall Shrubland of Templetonia retusa, Spyridium globulosum over scattered shrubs of Hibbertia cuneiformis and Diplolaena dampieri over a Herbland of Geranium molle, *Euphorbia peplus, Parietaria debilis, *Zantedeschia aethiopica and Clematis linearifolia, Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus and Very Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum

5 Low Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa and Melaleuca Very Good to Excellent huegelii over a Tall Closed Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Templetonia retusa, Acacia littorea and Leucopogon parviflorus over a Closed Heath of Acrotriche cordata, Leucopogon parviflorus, Acanthocarpos preissii and Boronia alata over a Closed Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Lepidosperma squamatum, Lepidosperma gracile and Loxocarya cinerea and Herbland of Xanthosia candida, *Romulea rosea *Zantedeschia aethiopica, *Trachyandra divaricata and Parietaria debilis.

6 Low Closed Forest/Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over Degraded to Completely a Closed Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus and Very Open Degraded Herbland of *Euphorbia peplus, *Geranium molle and *Zantedeschia aethiopica

7 Low Closed Forest/Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over Degraded to Good condition a Tall Open Shrubland of Hibbertia cuneiformis, Spryridium globulosum and Templetonia retusa over Shrubland/Low Shrubland of Hibbertia cuneiformis and Melaleuca systena over a Very Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum and Open Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus and Open Herbland of *Romulea rosea, Dicrondra repens, *Geranium molle, Caladenia latifolia, Clematis pubescens, *Oxalis cornulata

8 Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Shrubland of Good condition Melaleuca huegelii and Spryridium globulosum over a Low Open Shrubland/Scattered Low Shrubs of Hibbertia cuneiformis, Melaleuca systena and Templetonia retusa over an Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Hypolaena pubescens, Carex thecata and Lepidosperma gracile and Very Open Herbland of Acanthocarpos preissii, Isotropis cuneifolia subsp.

cuneifolia, Daucus glochidiatus, *Heliophila pusilla, Podolepis gracilis, *Romulea rosea, Hydrocotyle blepharocarpa and *Zantedeschia aethiopica and Open Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus

9 Low Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Open Very Good condition Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum over a Shrubland of Templetonia retusa, Pimelea ferruginea, Rhagodia baccata, Tetragonia implexicaulis and Hibbertia cuneiformis over a Low Open Shrubland of Phyllanthus calycinus, Acanthocarpos preissii, Olearia axillaris over an Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum and Open Herbland of *Zantedeschia aethiopica, Parietara debilis, *Romulea rosea, Hardenbergia comptoniana, Xanthosia candida, *Oxalis cornulata, *Crassula glomerata, *Erodium botrys, Geranium solanderi and *Senecio elegans and Open Grassland of Tetrarrhena laevis, Austrostipa campylachne and *Lagurus ovatus.

10 Open Forest/Woodland of Agonis flexuosa over a Low Degraded condition Open Shrubland/Scattered Low Shrubs of Spryridium globulosum, Melaleuca systena, Hibbertia cuneiformis and Acrotriche cordata over a Closed Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus and *Bromus diandrus and scattered herbs of Poranthera microphylla, Daucus glochidiatus, Hyalosperma cotula and *Romulea rosea.

11 Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Closed Excellent condition Shrubland of Spyridium globulosum, Exocarpus sparteus, Templetonia retusa and Diplolaena dampieri over a Low Open Heath of Melaleuca systena, Leucopogon parviceps, Acacia littorea, Pimelea ferruginea, Acanthocarpos preissii, Hibbertia cuneiformis, Tetragonia implexicaulis and Olearia axillaris over Scattered Low Shrubs/Low Open Shrubland of Acrotriche cordata, Phyllanthus calycinus, Conostylis aculeata over a Closed Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gracile, Lepidosperma gladiatum, Lepidosperma squamatum and Loxocarya cinerea and Very Open Herbland of Muelenbeckia adpressa, Xanthosia candida, Caladenia latifolia and Sowerbaea laxiflora.

12 Low Closed Forest/Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over Degraded condition a Tall Open Shrubland of Boronia alata and Tetragonia

implexicaulis with scattered low shrubs of Hibbertia cuneiformis over a Closed Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus and *Briza maxima and Very Open Herbland of *Zantedeschia aethiopica, Parietara debilis, *Geranium molle and *Euphorbia peplus.

13 Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Closed Excellent condition Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum and Boronia alata over an Open Heath of Spryridium globulosum, Templetonia retusa and Tetragonia implexicaulis over a Low Shrubland of Acanthocarpos preissii over a Closed Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum and Open Herbland of Dicondra repens, *Oxalis cornulata, Sowerbaea laxiflora, Geranium solanderi and scattered grass of Tetrarrhena laevis.

14 Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Shrubland/Low Good condition Open Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Melaleuca systena, Phyllanthus calycinus and Rhagodia baccata over a Closed Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus, Tetrarrhena laevis and *Bromus diandrus and Open Herbland of *Zantedeschia aethiopica, Podolepis lessonii, *Senecio elegans, *Romulea rosea, Crassula glomerata and *Heliophila pusilla.

15 Woodland of Agonis flexuosa over an Open Heath of Excellent condition Melaleuca systena, Phyllanthus calycinus, Spryridium globulosum and Thomasia triphylla over an Open Herbland of Hyalosperma cotula, Rhodanthe citrina and Hydrocotyle diantha.

Scattered and Isolated Trees Completely Degraded

ScAF- Scattered trees of Agonis flexuosa

Is Af- Isolated trees of Agonis flexuosa

* denotes introduced species

Area 1

A total of 7 discrete native vegetation types were recorded from Area 1 (Figure 3). The vegetation types have been listed under their landform attributes: dune slopes, dune swales and dune crests. The vegetation types are described below in Table 6 and mapped on Figure 3. Refer to Appendix 2 for a list of species recorded from Area 1.

Table 6: Vegetation Types and Conditions from Area 1

Forest

Dune Slopes

16 Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Excellent condition. Open Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Melaleuca huegelii Diplolaena dampieri over an Open Heath of Acacia littorea, Pimelea ferruginea, Rhagodia baccata, Phyllanthus calycinus, Leucopogon parviflorus, Templetonia retusa over a Low Open Heath of Melaleuca systena, Scaevola microphylla, Hibbertia cuneiformis, Acrotriche cordata, Conostylis laxiflora and a Closed Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Loxocarya cinerea and Lepidosperma gracile and an Open Herbland of Opercularia vaginalis, Sowerbaea laxiflora, Caladenia latifolia, Hardenbergia comptoniana, Clematis pubescens, *Heliophila pusilla, Daucus glochidiatus and *Hydrocotyle diantha

19 Closed Forest/Low Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa with clumped Melaleuca huegelii over a Tall Closed Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Dodonaea aptera, Beyeria viscosa and Exocarpus sparteus over a Closed Heath of Dodonaea aptera, Tetragonia implexicaulis, Diplolaena dampieri, Acacia littorea and Phyllanthus calycinus over an Open Herbland of Caladenia latifolia, Pyrorchis nigricans, Daucus glochidiatus, Hardenbergia comptoniana, Hydrocotyle diantha, Lobelia tenuior, *Oxalis cornulata and Clematis pubescens

Dune Swales

17 Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Excellent condition. Closed Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Exocarpus sparteus and Beyeria viscosa over a Closed Heath of Rhagodia baccata, Templetonia retusa, Acacia littorea, Diplolaena dampieri, Phyllanthus calycinus and Pimelea ferruginea over a Low Open Shrubland of Hibbertia grossularifolia and Open Herbland of Hardenbergia comptoniana, Sowerbaea

laxiflora, Muehlenbeckia adpressa, *Oxalis cornulata, Clematis pubescens, Geranium solanderi, Caladenia latifolia, Dichondra repens, *Trachyandra divaricata, *Zantedeschia aethiopica and scattered grasses of Tetrarrhena laevis.

22 Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Excellent condition. Closed Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Templetonia retusa, Logania vaginalis over a Shrubland of Templetonia retusa, Tetragonia implexicaulus, Boronia alata and Melaleuca systena over a Closed Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Desmocladus flexuosus and Cyathochaeta avenacea and Closed Grassland of Tetrarrhena laevis and Open Herbland of Hardenbergia comptoniana, Hibbertia grossulariifolia, Dicondra repens, Parietara debilis, Caladenia latifolia and Clematis pubescens.

Dune Crests

18 Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Excellent condition. Closed Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Diplolaena dampieri, Dodonaea aptera and Acacia littorea over a Closed Heath of Acacia littorea, Templetonia retusa, Olearia axillaris, Exocarpus sparteus and Low Closed Heath of Scaevola crassifolia, Leucopogon parviflorus, Rhagodia baccata, Boronia alata, Conostylis laxiflora, Phyllanthus calycinus, Acanthocarpos preissii and Myoporum oppositifolium over an Open Herbland of Dicondra repens, *Trachyandra divaricata, Parietaris debilis, Senecio ramosissimus, Hydrocotyle diantha, Trachymene pilosa, Lobelia tenuior, Caladenia latifolia, *Oxalis cornulata, Clematis pubescens, *Zantedeschia aethiopica and *Heliophila pusilla

20 Low Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Excellent condition. Tall Closed Shrubland/Closed Heath of Spryridium globulosum, Olearia axillaris, Dodonaea aptera, Acacia cochlearis,

Diplolaena dampieri, Acacia littorea, Exocarpus sparteus and Leucopogon obovatus subsp. revolutus over a Low Open Heath of Acanthocarpos preissii, Conostylis laxiflora, Pimelea ferruginea and Rhagodia baccata over an Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Lepidosperma squamatum, Carex thecata, Tetraria octandra and Desmocladus flexuosus and Open Herbland of Rhodanthe citrina, Daucus glochidiatus, Eryngiyum pinnatifidum, Senecio pinnatifolius, *Heliophila pusilla, Isotropis cuneiformis subsp. cuneiformis, Isotoma scopigera and Stylidium fasciculatum and scattered grass of Tetrarrhena laevis.

21 Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Excellent condition. Open Shrubland/Open Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Acacia littorea, Templetonia retusa, Diplolaena dampieri, Acacia cochlearis over a Closed Heath of Acacia littorea, Leucopogon parviflorus, Thomasia triphylla, Melaleuca systena, Phyllanthus calycinus, Cassytha pomiformis, Pimelea ferruginea over a Low Open Heath of Hibbertia grossulariifolia, Conostylis laxiflora, Acanthocarpos preissii and Open Herbland of Opercularia vaginalis, Isotropis cuneiformis subsp. cuneiformis, Podolepis lessonii, Brachyscome iberidifolia, Eryngium pinnatifidum, *Fumaria muralis, Clematis pubescens, Rhodanthe citrina, Daucus glochidiatus, Marianthus candidus, Thysanotus sp. Isotoma scapigera and *Heliophila pusilla and a Very Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma squamatum and Hypolaena exsulca.

4.1.2 Vegetation Condition

The condition of the vegetation was assessed using the vegetation condition rating scale of Keighery as published in Bush Forever (Government of Western Australia, 2000). Refer to

Table 2 for the Vegetation Condition Ratings. The vegetation rating scale ranges from Pristine to Completely Degraded.

The vegetation conditions of the three study zones (Areas 1, 2 and 3- Figure 1) are described separately below. Refer to Figure 2 and 3 for the vegetation types and conditions of the study area. The condition of the vegetation varied considerably across the study area ranging from Completely Degraded to Excellent.

Area 1- Western portion of the study area (possible inclusion into the National Park estate)

Area 1 recorded native vegetation in Excellent condition across all sites assessed. The vegetation structure was intact with a diversity of understorey species and few weeds. The vegetation was consistent and continuous with the native vegetation in the adjoining Leeuwin-Naturaliste National Park.

Area 2

Native vegetation within Area 2 was recorded to be in Degraded, Good, Good –Very Good and Excellent condition. The majority of the vegetation was recorded to be in Excellent condition with an intact vegetation structure, diverse understory and few weeds. These areas are fenced and have been protected from stock grazing. Sections of this vegetation consist of very steep sand dunes. The central portion of Area 2, which is not fenced from stock grazing activities, was recorded to be in a Degraded condition. The basic vegetation structure has been severely impacted by grazing disturbance with Peppermint trees (Agonis flexuosa) and few understorey species remaining. A small area in the south was recorded in Good condition with some disturbance from grazing/clearing resulting in a less diverse native understorey with open areas of pasture grass.

The northern section of Area 2 consisted of vegetation in Very Good –Excellent condition in the north-eastern corner adjacent to the Karridale cemetery. This vegetation has been fenced from stock and consists of very dense low-lying swale vegetation. The other areas in the north of Area 2 consists of dune crest and slopes in Good to Very Good condition and sand plain areas with Peppermint trees (Agonis flexuosa) and few understorey species dominated by pasture grasses in Degraded and Degraded to Good condition.

Area 3

The vegetation condition in the majority of Area 3 was in a Degraded to Completely Degraded condition. The vegetation has been highly disturbed from past clearing and on- going sheep grazing. The basic vegetation structure is no longer intact with mostly peppermint trees (Agonis flexuosa) over some native shrubs and introduced pasture grasses. There are also some areas of scattered peppermint trees (Agonis flexuosa) over pasture grasses and herbs in a Completely Degraded condition. A small area in the north of Area 3 (associated with vegetation type 8) was recorded to be in Good condition. This vegetation retained basic vegetation structure with some native understorey species and was located on a dune crest.

4.1.3 Vegetation Significance

Vegetation Complexes

• Kilcarnup (KE): Tall shrubland to closed heath of Agonis flexuosa-Spyridium globulosum on exposed slopes of calcareous dunes in the hyper-humid to humid zones; • Kilcarnup (Kf): Tall shrubland of Agonis flexuosa on leeside of dunes in hyperhumid zone; and • Kilcarnup (KR): Tall shrubland of Agonis flexuosa-Acacia saligna on leeside of calcareous dunes in hyperhumid to humid zones.

The majority of the vegetation occurring with the study area is associated with the Kilcarnup (KE) Vegetation Complexes and a minor extent with the Kilcarnup (Kf and KR) Vegetation Complexes of the Leeuwin-Naturalist coast (Mattiske and Havel, 1998) (Figure 2 and 3).

According to the Regional Forest Agreement data, a total of 60.5% of the Kilcarnup (KE) 29.2% of the Kilcarnup (Kf) and 66.4% of the Kilcarnup (KR) remains in proposed and existing formal and informal reserves.

A minimum target of 15% reservation in proposed and existing formal and informal reserves for each vegetation complex is required for adequate reservation (Havel and Mattiske, 2002). All of the vegetation complexes are above the minimum target of 15% for adequate reservation and are therefore not considered to be potentially regionally significant.

In addition, the National Objectives and Target for Biodiversity Conservation 2001-2005 (Environment Australia 2001) recognises that the retention of 30% or more of the pre- clearing extent of ecological community is necessary for Australia’s biodiversity to be protected. The Kilcarnup (KE) and (KR) Vegetation Complexes are well above this target, while the Kilcarnup (Kf) is just under the 30% retention target with 29.2% remaining in proposed and existing formal and informal reserves.

The majority of the Kilcarnup (Kf) vegetation complex is in the northern and southern sections of Area 1 (Figure 3), which is proposed to be ceded to National Park. There is a small area of the Kilcarnup (Kf) vegetation complex in the north-eastern corner of Area 2/3 (Figure 2). The condition of this vegetation of the Kilcarnup (Kf) vegetation complex in the north-eastern corner of Area 2/3 is in Good and Very Good to Excellent condition.

Threatened Ecological Communities (TECs) and Priority Ecological Communities (PECs)

The Threatened Ecological Communities (TEC) and Priority Ecological Communities (PEC) database search (DPaW, 2014b) resulted in one PEC identified within the 10km radial area from the central coordinate as outlined below:

• Reedia swamps-Blackwood Plateau: Reedia spathacea - Empodisma gracillimum- Sporadanthus rivularis dominated floodplains and paluslopes of the Blackwood Plateau.

The EPBC Act online Protected Matters Report (DoE, 2014) within a 10km radius of the study area recorded two TECs including:

• Aquatic Root Mat Community 1 in Caves of the Leeuwin Naturaliste Ridge; and • Aquatic Root Mat Community 1 in Caves of the Leeuwin Naturaliste Ridge. The above listed TEC and PEC vegetation communities were not recorded within the study area. In addition, DPaW’s listed Threatened Ecological Community (TECs) and Priority Ecological Community (PECs) (DPaW 2014d and 2014e) were reviewed in relation to the vegetation types recorded from the study area. The vegetation types recorded within the study area do not appear to be representative of any the listed TECs and PECs.

4.2 Flora

4.2.1 General

A total of 111 flora species from 48 families were recorded from the study area during the assessment. This included 92 native species and 19 introduced species. The dominant families represented were the Asteraceae (Daisy family- nine native and three introduced species), Cyperaceae (Sedge family- seven native species), Apiaceae family (seven native species), Fabacaea (Pea family-four native and one introduced) and the Poaceae (Grass family- three native and three introduced species).

A complete list of the flora species recorded within the study area during the assessment is provided in Appendix 2. The floristic (quadrat) data collected from each site is provided in Appendix 1.

4.2.2 Conservation Significance of Flora

A search of the DPaW’s Threatened and Priority Flora database (DPaW, 2014a), and the Online EPBC Act 1999 Protected Matters Report (DoE, 2014a) was conducted in the vicinity of the study area. The search records identified 12 Threatened and 19 Priority Species that have previously been recorded in the vicinity of the study area (Refer to Section 3.1.3).

No Threatened (Declared Rare Species) species, as listed under Section 23F of the Western Australian Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 or under the Commonwealth Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Act 1999 (EPBC) were recorded within the study area during the site assessment. The timing of the survey was considered optimal for the majority of listed species that generally flower in September/October.

One priority species, a shrub Acacia subracemosa (Priority 3 listed species) was recorded in Area 2. Four plants of Acacia subracemosa were recorded, clumped together adjacent to the existing fenceline. Refer to Table 7 and Figure 2 for the location.

Table 7: Location of Acacia subracemosa- Priority 3 listed species

Number of Plants GPS Coordinates

4 50, 320595, 6210194

Note: GPS coordinates are accurate to approximately 4m

5. CONCLUSIONS

Based on the results of the Flora and Vegetation Assessment of Lot 21 Caves Road, Hamelin Bay, the following conclusion have been made:

A total of 111 flora species from 48 families were recorded from the study area during the assessment. This included 92 native species and 19 introduced species. The dominant families represented were the Asteraceae (Daisy family- nine native and three introduced species), Cyperaceae (Sedge family- seven native species), Apiaceae family (seven native species), Fabaceae (Pea family-four native and one introduced) and the Poaceae (Grass family- three native and three introduced species).

Area 1

• A total of 7 discrete native vegetation types were recorded from Area 1 (Figure 3). The vegetation types have been listed under their landform attributes: dune slopes, dune swales and dune crests.

• Area 1 recorded native vegetation in Excellent condition across all sites assessed. The vegetation structure was intact with a diversity of understorey species and few weeds. The vegetation was consistent and continuous with the native vegetation in the adjoining Leeuwin-Naturaliste National Park. This area forms part of a regionally significant corridor that provides ecological linkages of contiguous ecosystems.

• The majority of the vegetation occurring with the study area is associated with the Kilcarnup (KE) Vegetation Complexes and a minor extent with the Kilcarnup (Kf) Vegetation Complexes of the Leeuwin-Naturalist coast (Mattiske and Havel, 1998). According to the Regional Forest Agreement data, a total of 60.5% of the Kilcarnup (KE) and 29.2% of the Kilcarnup (Kf) remains in proposed and existing formal and informal reserves. A minimum target of 15% reservation in proposed and existing formal and informal reserves for each vegetation complex is required for adequate reservation (Havel and Mattiske, 2002). All of the vegetation complexes are above the minimum target of 15% for adequate reservation and are therefore not considered to be potentially regionally significant. In addition, the National Objectives and Target for Biodiversity Conservation 2001-2005 (Environment Australia 2001) recognises that the retention of 30% or more of the pre-clearing extent of ecological community is necessary for Australia’s biodiversity to be protected. The Kilcarnup (KE) Vegetation Complexes is well above this target, while the Kilcarnup (Kf) is just under the 30% retention target with 29.2% remaining in proposed and existing formal and informal reserves.

• No TEC or PEC vegetation communities were recorded within the study area. • No Threatened (Declared Rare Species) species, as listed under Section 23F of the Western Australian Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 or under the Commonwealth Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Act 1999 (EPBC) were recorded within the study area during the site assessment. The timing of the survey was considered optimal for the majority of listed species that generally flower in September/October. In addition, no Priority listed species were recorded.

• This area forms part of a regionally significant corridor that provides ecological linkages of contiguous ecosystems. The native vegetation of Area 1 area is recognised as forming part of and contributing to a core regional linkage in the South West Regional Ecological Linkages Technical Report (Molloy et al, 2009), in which it has been assigned the highest possible (1a) proximity value.

• The Leeuwin-Naturaliste Capes Areas Parks and Reserves Draft Management Plan (2010) states that “Due to the fragmentation of reserves and high boundary to area ratio, additional reservation could enhance the design of existing reserves and hence add to their conservation values.” The addition of adjoining private land (such as Area 1) would also enhance the design of the Park and add to the conservation values.

• The large area of vegetation within Area 1 represents an important remnant and vegetated corridor linkage in the regional area. It represents a unique natural landform features includes the parabolic dunes of the Kilcarnup Dunes land system and the Leeuwin-Naturaliste Ridge. The addition of this large block of native vegetation in Excellent condition would be an asset to the Leeuwin Naturaliste National Park. Area 1 is surrounded by National Park on three sides and would provide a widening of the generally narrow and often fragmented National Park.

Area 2 and 3

• A total of 15 discrete native vegetation types (excluding scattered and isolated trees) were recorded from Areas 2 and 3 (Figure 2).

• Native vegetation within Area 2 was recorded to be in Degraded, Good, Good –Very Good and Excellent condition. The majority of the vegetation was recorded to be in Excellent condition with an intact vegetation structure, diverse understory and few weeds.

• The vegetation condition in the majority of Area 3 was in a Degraded to Completely Degraded condition. The vegetation has been highly disturbed from past clearing and on-going sheep grazing. The basic vegetation structure is no longer intact with mostly peppermint trees (Agonis flexuosa) over some native shrubs and introduced pasture grasses.

• The majority of the vegetation occurring with the study area is associated with the Kilcarnup (KE) Vegetation Complexes and a minor extent with the Kilcarnup (Kf and KR) Vegetation Complexes of the Leeuwin-Naturalist coast (Mattiske and Havel, 1998) (Figure 2). According to the Regional Forest Agreement data, a total of 60.5% of the Kilcarnup (KE) 29.2% of the Kilcarnup (Kf) and 66.4% of the Kilcarnup (KR) remains in proposed and existing formal and informal reserves. A minimum target of 15% reservation in proposed and existing formal and informal reserves for each vegetation complex is required for adequate reservation (Havel and Mattiske, 2002). All of the vegetation complexes are above the minimum target of 15% for adequate

reservation and are therefore not considered to be potentially regionally significant. In addition, the National Objectives and Target for Biodiversity Conservation 2001-2005 (Environment Australia 2001) recognises that the retention of 30% or more of the pre-clearing extent of ecological community is necessary for Australia’s biodiversity to be protected. The Kilcarnup (KE) and (KR) Vegetation Complexes are well above this target, while the Kilcarnup (Kf) is just under the 30% retention target with 29.2% remaining in proposed and existing formal and informal reserves.

• One priority species, a shrub Acacia subracemosa (Priority 3 listed species) was recorded in Area 2 (Figure 2). Four plants of Acacia subracemosa were recorded, clumped together adjacent to the existing fenceline. Consultation should be undertaken with DPaW on the management of the Priority 3 species Acacia subracemosa.

• The proposed development design should ensure the protection and management of the sites environmental assets. This includes the protection of native vegetation, particularly vegetation in Good or better condition, which is recommended to be retained wherever possible.

Areas of native vegetation in Good or better condition across the study area (Areas 2 and 3) included Vegetation type 5 (Figure 2) in Very Good to Excellent condition in the north-eastern corner of the study area. There are also pockets of Good and Good to Very Good condition associated with sand crest and slopes of Vegetation type 3 and 8. A portion of Vegetation type 5 and 7 in the north-eastern corner is associated with the Kilcarnup (Kf) vegetation complex, which is just under the 30% retention target with 29.2% remaining in proposed and existing formal and informal reserves.

Native vegetation in the western portion of Area 2 was generally in Excellent condition (vegetation types 9, 11, 13, 15) with a small pocket in the south in Good condition (vegetation type 14).

• Due to the sandy nature of the soil of the Kilcarnup Dune land system at the site, and in particular the sand dune landform, disturbance to the soil and/or vegetation clearing is likely to result in wind erosion. Native vegetation should be retained wherever possible.

6. REFERENCES

Aplin, T.E.H (1979) The Flora. In: O’Brien B.J. (ed) Environment and Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia.

Department of Environment and Conservation (2010) Leeuwin-Naturalist Capes Area Parks and Reserves, Draft Management Plan 2010. Department of Environment and Conservation, Conservation Commission Western Australia.

Department of Parks and Wildlife (2014a) Threatened and Priority Flora Database, the WA Herbarium database and Threatened and Priority Flora Species List for the area of interest. Reference search number: 51-0914FL

Department of Parks and Wildlife (2014b) DPaW’s NatureMap online database search- NatureMap species report. Accessed on 17/9/14.

Department of Parks and Wildlife (2014c) DPaW’s Threatened Ecological Communities database. Reference search number: 05-0914EC.

Department of Parks and Wildlife (2012d) List of Threatened Ecological Communities for Western Australia endorsed by the Western Australian Minister for the Environment, (Correct to 19 May 2014)Species and Communities Branch, Department of Parks and Wildlife. www.dpaw.wa.gov.au. Sourced September 2014.

Department of Environment and Conservation (2012e) List of Priority Ecological Communities for Western Australia (May 4, 2014) Species and Communities Branch, Department of Parks and Wildlife. www.dpaw.wa.gov.au Sourced September 2014.

DoE (2014) Department of Environment, EPBC Act Protected Matters Report. Accessed on 18/9/14.

Environmental Protection Authority (2002) Terrestrial Biological Surveys as an Element of Biodiversity Protection: Position Statement No. 3. Environmental Protection Authority, Perth, Western Australia.

Environmental Protection Authority (2004) Guidance Statement No. 51: Terrestrial Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment in Western Australia.

Government of Western Australia (2000) Bush Forever: Volume 2: A Directory of Bush Forever Sites, Department of Environmental Protection, Perth.

Havel, J.J. and Mattiske, E.M. (2002) Review of Management Options for Poorly Represented Vegetation Complexes. December, 2002, Perth.

Molloy, S., Woods, J., Hall., S, Wallrodt, S. and Whisson,.G (2009) South West Regional Ecological Linkages, Technical Report, Western Australian Local Government Association and the Department of Environment and Conservation, September 2009.

Mattiske, E.M. and Havel, J.J (1998) Vegetation Complexes-Collie 1:250,000 Sheet. Vegetation Mapping in the South West of Western Australia for Environment Australia and the Department of Environment and Conservation, Perth.

McKenzie, N.L., May, J.E. and McKenna, S., (2003) Bioregional Summary of the 2002 Biodiversity Audit for Western Australia, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth.

Muir, B.G. (1977) Biological Survey of Western Australian Wheatbelt. Part II: Vegetation and habitat of Bendering Reserve. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement No. 3.

Tille, P.F. and Lantzke, N.C. (1990) Busselton, Margaret River, Augusta Land Capability Study. Land Resource Series No. 5. Department of Agriculture, Perth Western Australia.

7. DISCLAIMER

This report is published in accordance with and subject to an agreement between Eco Logic Environmental Services Pty Ltd (EES) and the Client, TME Town Planning Management Engineering. The report is restricted to the scope of the report and issues raised by the Client in engaging EES and has been prepared using the standard skill and care ordinarily exercised by an Environmental Scientist in preparing such reports.

Any person or organisation that relies on or uses the report for purposes or reasons other than those agreed by EES and the Client does so entirely at their own risk and EES denies all liability for any loss, damage or injury of any kind whatsoever that may be suffered as a consequence of relying on this report for any purpose other than that agreed with the Client.

Figure 1 Study area delineating the three assessment zones

377 4648

100 100 86.186 .5 1,283 . 3

. 6

336.5 1

C AV 4 81 . E 0 S 2

1 1 1 2 7 . 2

21 R

3 170

OAD , 211.47ha

209

8 .

165

453.1 816.6

226

803.4

LEGEND

EXISTING CADASTRE 22 SUBJECT LAND 306 ASSESSMENT AREAS

GENERAL AGRICULTURE (127.4ha)

LEEUWIN NATURALISTE RIDGE CONSERVATION (74.7ha)

LEEUWIN NATURALISTE RIDGE LANDSCAPE AMENITY (9.4ha)

100m 0 250 500m

COPYRIGHT 1 : 5000 @ A1 or 1 : 10000 @ A3 THIS DOCUMENT IS AND SHALL REMAIN THE PROPERTY OF ALL DISTANCES ARE IN METRES TME TOWN PLANNING MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING PTY LTD. THE DOCUMENT MAY ONLY BE USED FOR THE PURPOSE FOR WHICH IT WAS COMMISSIONED AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH J THE TERMS OF ENGAGEMENT FOR THE COMMISSION. UNAUTHORISED USE OF THIS DOCUMENT IN ANY FORM I WHATSOEVER IS PROHIBITED. H EXISTING ZONING G ORIGINAL PLANNER: LG F ORIGINAL DRAFTER: KS E LOT 21 CAVES ROAD, HAMELIN BAY D CREATED DATE: 27.08.2014 C AERIAL DATA: Landgate Dec 2013 B N A CADASTRAL DATA: MGA 14122P-MP-01 REVISION DESCRIPTION DRAFTER DATE TOPOGRAPHIC DATA: N/A

THIS PLAN HAS BEEN PREPARED FOR PLANNING PURPOSES. AREAS, CONTOURS AND DIMENSIONS SHOWN ARE SUBJECT TO SURVEY. TME Town Planning Management Engineering Pty Ltd (08) 9791 4411 www.tme.net.au

Figure 2 Area 2 and 3- Vegetation Types, Condition and Complexes

f over over a *Bromus *Senecio and Open Acrotriche Melaleuca over a Low Hyalosperma and Zantedeschia and and Very Open over a Closed Job: P0198 over a Low Open Acrotriche cordata over a Tall Open Figure 2 over an Open Heath Olearia axillaris *Heliophila pusilla. Acanthocarpos preissii over a Shrubland o and Spryridium globulosum, and and Zantedeschia aethiopica, over a Shrubland/Low Open over a Tall Closed Shrubland over a Tall Closed Shrubland over a Low Open Heath of Tetrarrhena laevis, Austrostipa Poranthera microphylla, Daucus *Lagurus ovatus and *Bromus over an Open Heath of Hibbertia cuneiformis Muelenbeckia adpressa, Xanthosia Lepidosperma gladiatum Agonis flexuosa Agonis flexuosa Lepidosperma gracile, Lepidoserma and Open Herbland of * and Agonis flexuosa Phyllanthus calycinus, Acanthocarpos Agonis flexuosa over an Open Herbland of . 602 . *Lagurus ovatus. Agonis flexuosa Agonis flexuosa Agonis flexuosa Zantedeschia aethiopica, Parietara debilis, Spryridium globulosum, Melaleuca systena, Spryridium globulosum . Dicondra repens, *Oxalis cornulata, Sowerbaea *Lagurus ovatus, Tetrarrhena laevis over a Low Shrubland of and Agonis flexuosa 61 Diplolaena dampieri and Open Herbland of * Phyllanthus calycinus, Spryridium globulosum and and scattered herbs of 601 and Open Grassland of , Scattered trees of Isolated trees of a and Spyridium globulosum, Exocarpus sparteus, Templetonia Spryridium globulosum, Templetonia retusa and Tetragonia Spryridium globulosum and Boronia alata Scattered Low Shrubs/Low Open Shrubland of of Shrubland of Open Shrubland of Herbland of Closed Sedgeland of Grassland of 9 Low Closed Forest of Very Good condition 10 Open Forest/Woodland of over a Closed Grassland of Degraded condition. 11 Closed Forest of and Very Open Herbland of Excellent condition 12 Low Closed Forest/Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Degraded condition. 13 Closed Forest of over a Closed Sedgeland of Excellent condition. 14 Open Forest of Good condition 15 Woodland of Excellent condition. Scattered and Isolated Trees ScAF- Is Af- * denotes introduced species Vegetation Condition (Legend Source: Bush Forever (Govt of WA, 2000) PEx Pristine (not applicable) VG Excellent G Very Good D Good CD Degraded Completely Degraded Note: Full description in text Herbland of * Shrubland/Scattered Low Shrubs of Shrubland of of of laxiflora, Geranium solanderi andlaevis. scattered grass of Tetrarrhena Podolepis lessonii,*Heliophila pusilla, Crassula glomerata *Senecio elegans, *Romulea rosea, Melaleuca systena,Pimelea Leucopogoncuneiformis, parviceps, ferruginea, Tetragonia Acacia implexicaulis littorea, Acanthocarpos preissii, Hibbertia Open Shrubland ofwith Boronia scattered low alata shrubs andGrassland of of Tetragonia Hibbertia *Lagurus cuneiformis ovatus implexicaulis over and a *Briza maxima Closed gladiatum, Lepidosperma squamatum and Loxocarya cinerea elegans implexicaulis diandrus Phyllanthus calycinus and Rhagodia baccata aethiopica, Parietaracomptoniana, debilis, Xanthosia *Romulea candida,glomerata, *Oxalis rosea, *Erodium botrys, cornulata, Hardenbergia Geranium *Crassula solanderi systena campylachne Thomasia triphylla retus Templetonia retusa,Tetragonia Pimelea implexicaulis ferruginea, Rhagodia baccata, candida, Caladenia latifolia and Sowerbaea laxiflora. cordata, Phyllanthus calycinus, Conostylis aculeata *Geranium molle and *Euphorbia peplus. preissii, OleariaLepidosperma gladiatum axillaris over an Open Sedgeland of Melaleuca systena, Hibbertia cuneiformis cotula, Rhodanthe citrina and Hydrocotyle diantha. diandrus glochidiatus, Hyalosperma cotula and *Romulea rosea. , and and and and , Very over a over a over a over an over an Diplolaena Very Open over a Tall a Zantedeschia Zantedeschia Zantedeschia * * over a Closed and over a Low Open and Very Open *Romulea rosea, over a Low Open *Romulea rosea, Melaleuca huegelii Acacia littorea and Acanthocarpos Melaleuca systena and * Low Shrubland of Lagurus ovatus Boronia alata Hibbertia cuneiformis, Hibbertia cuneiformis, Leucopogon parviflorus Bromus diandrus and and Tetragonia implexicoma Spryridium globulosum, and Very Open Herbland Agonis flexuosa and Very Open Herbland Agonis flexuosa Agonis flexuosa Melaleuca huegelii and over a Tall Shrubland of Agonis flexuosa and and *Lagurus ovatus. . Lepidosperma gladiatum and *Romulea rosea Hibbertia cuneiformis, Spryridium , Very Open Sedgeland/Scattered Acrotriche cordata, Leucopogon Agonis flexuosa Geranium molle, *Euphorbia peplus, *Lagurus ovatus Hibbertia cuneiformis Tetragonia implexicoma Agonis flexuosa and Grassland of * Lepidosperma gladiatum, Lepidosperma over a Shrubland of Lagurus ovatus and Zantedeschia aethiopica, *Euphorbia peplus, Zantedeschia aethiopica, *Euphorbia peplus Templetonia retusa, Spyridium globulosum Hibbertia cuneiformis, Spryridium globulosum and Open Herbland of cuneifolia, Leucopogon parviflorus, Templetonia retusa, Lepidosperma squamatum and Very Open Agonis flexuosa Lepidosperma gladiatum and Open Grassland of . Lepidosperma gladiatum. Xanthosia candida Grassland of subsp. and Open Grassland of over a Herbland of *Geranium molle Euphorbia peplus, *Geranium molle *Geranium molle. Acanthocarpos preissii, Isotropis cuneifolia subsp. cuneifolia,

Briza maxima Open Shrubland of preissii over an Open Herbland of Open Herbland of * Hibbertia cuneiformis and Melaleuca systena over Open Shrubland/Scattered Shrubs of Open Heath of Tall Shrubland of * Scattered Herbs of * Herbland of Sedgeland of Sedgeland of Shrubland/Scattered Low Shrubs of Closed Sedgeland of Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus and * Sedgeland of Degraded condition Shrubland/Scattered Shrubs of Vegetation Type Descriptions Forest and Woodland 1 Woodland/ Open Forest of over a Very Open Sedgeland of and 2 Open Woodland/Scattered Trees of and Completely Degraded condition 3 Open Woodland/Scattered trees of Good to Very condition. 4 Open Forest of over scattered shrubs of Degraded to Good condition. 5 Low Closed Forestover of a Tallover Closed a Shrubland Closed of Heath of Very Good to Excellent 6 Low Closed Forest/Open Forest of Degraded to Completely 7 Low Closed Forest/Open Forest of 8 Good condition. of * of Closed Grassland of * *Lagurus ovatus Grassland of * Lagurus ovatus. Daucus glochidiatus,*Romulea rosea, *Heliophila Hydrocotyle blepharocarpa pusilla, and Podolepis gracilis, globulosum, Templetonia retusa Brachyscome iberidifolia,cuneifolia Opercularia vaginalis and Isotropis Melaleuca systenaSedgeland and of Lepidosperma TempletoniaCarex gladiatum, thecata and retusa Hypolaena Lepidoserma gracile pubescens, over an Open dampieri Hypochaeris glabra, *Solanum linneanum and *Romulea rosea Hibbertia cuneiformis Tetragonia implexicoma, Acrotriche cordata Open ForestMelaleuca of huegelii and Agonis Spryridium globulosum flexuosa Spyridium globulosum, Olearia axillaris aethiopica, *Trachyandra divaricata and Parietaria debilis. aethiopica. aethiopica and Templetonia retusa over Shrubland/ squamatum, Lepidosperma gracile and Loxocarya cinerea Parietaria debilis,linearifolia, *Zantedeschia aethiopica and Clematis Dicrondra repens, *Geranium molle,pubescens, *Oxalis cornulata, Caladenia latifolia, Clematis Degraded to Good condition. Templetonia retusa, Acacia littorea parviflorus, Acanthocarpos preissii Melaleuca systena,

321 500mE 500mE 321 321 TME FLORA AND VEGETATION ASSESSMENT LOT 21 CAVES ROAD, HAMELIN BAY VEGETATION TYPES, CONDITION AND COMPLEXES - AREA 2 AND 3 2 27 Cw1 6 209 500mN 6 210 500mN 6 210 000mN 1 Date: 3 Nov 2014 58 CD KR IsAf Kf 6 D-CD Q5 C1 Drawn: K. Lehman 6 D-CD 6 CAVES ROAD Kf D-CD CD ScAf 6 6 D-CD D-CD 251 G3 CD ScAf 167 5 6 VG-E 6 Q8 D-CD D-CD 7

D-G

Q4 321 000mE 321 8 000mE 321 G Q7 6 Q9 D-CD Q6 4648 AREA 3 R 4236 CD ScAf D Q3 10 4 D-G KE 6 D-CD 377 Q11 R 4236 R 4236 D 10 3 KR CD G-VG ScAf Q1 22 22 2 Q2 CD CD IsAf KE CD ScAf D 1 2 CD Q12 6 11 Ex D-CD D 12 Q13 AREA 2

Q14

320 500mE 500mE 320 320 Q10 KE 9 Ex Ex 13 200m G Lot 21 Lot 21 14 N Acacia subracemosa 100 150 15 Ex Q15 Lot 21 Boundary Study Area Boundary Cadastral Boundary Quadrat Location Vegetation Type Boundary Vegetation Type Vegetation Condition Vegetation Complex Boundary Vegetation Complex Location of Priority 3 listed species- AREA 1 SCALE 1 : 5 000 at A3 (MGA) 6 G 0 50 KE Legend

CADASTRAL SOURCE: Landgate, October 2014. RFA VEGETATION COMPLEX SOURCE: Mattiske & Havel, 2005. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH SOURCE: NearMap, flown September 2010.

P0198-f02.dgn PINPOINT CARTOGRAPHICS (08) 9562 7136 9562 (08) CARTOGRAPHICS PINPOINT

Figure 3 Area 1- Vegetation Types, Condition and Complexes

of Spryridium Spryridium Spryridium Spryridium Phyllanthus over a Closed Job: P0198 and Dicondra repens, Melaleuca huegelii Figure 3 Rhodanthe citrina, Melaleuca systena, Leucopogon obovatus Tetrarrhena laevis. 251 over a Closed Heath of and over an Open Sedgeland of Opercularia vaginalis, Isotropis 167 with clumped *Heliophila pusilla. Opercularia vaginalis, Sowerbaea of Lepidosperma squamatum and over a Low Open Shrubland Acanthocarpos preissii, Conostylis Hibbertia grossulariifolia, Conostylis and Beyeria viscosa and Open Herbland of over an Open Herbland of over a Tall Closed Shrubland/Closed Heath of Caladenia latifolia, Pyrorchis nigricans, Daucus over a Tall Closed Shrubland of over a Tall Open Shrubland of over a Tall Closed Shrubland of over a Tall Closed Shrubland of and scattered grasses of Agonis flexuosa Tetrarrhena laevis. and over a Tall Open Shrubland/Open Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Dodonaea aptera, Beyeria over a Low Open Heath of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Loxocarya cinerea and and Open Herbland of 4648 R 4236 Scaevola crassifolia, Leucopogon parviflorus, Rhagodia Agonis flexuosa Zantedeschia aethiopica * Agonis flexuosa and a Very Open Sedgeland Agonis flexuosa . . Agonis flexuosa Agonis flexuosa over a Low Open Heath of Agonis flexuosa gracile and an Open Herbland of Desmocladus flexuosus Clematis pubescens. and scattered grass of Myoporum oppositifolium Zantedeschia aethiopica 377 * over an Open Herbland of Acacia littorea, Templetonia retusa, Olearia axillaris, Exocarpus sparteus and and ferruginea over a Low Open Heath of R 4236 and . revolutus Vegetation Type Descriptions Dune Slopes 16 Open Forest of and a Closed Sedgeland of Excellent condition. 19 Closed Forest/Low Closed Forest of over a Tall Closed Shrubland of Excellent condition Excellent condition. Dune Swale 17 Open Forest of Excellent condition 22 Closed Forest of Excellent condition. Dune Crest 18 Open Forest of and Low Closed Heath of Excellent condition 20 Low Closed Forest of subsp 21 Open Forest of Vegetation Condition (Legend Source: Bush Forever (Govt of WA, 2000) PExVG Pristine (not applicable) G Excellent Very Good (not applicable) DCD Good (not applicable) Degraded (not applicable) Completely Degraded (not applicable) Note: Full description in text Heath of calycinus laxiflora, Acanthocarpos preissii *Trachyandra divaricata,diantha, Trachymene Parietaris pilosa,Clematis pubescens, debilis, Lobelia tenuior, Senecio Caladenia ramosissimus, latifolia, *Oxalis Hydrocotyle cornulata, cuneiformis subsp.Eryngium pinnatifidum, cuneiformis, *FumariaDaucus glochidiatus, muralis, Podolepis Marianthus Clematis*Heliophila candidus, lessonii, pubescens, pusilla Thysanotus Rhodanthe sp. Brachyscome citrina, Isotoma scapigera iberidifolia, and Scaevola microphylla, Hibbertia cuneiformis, Acrotriche cordata, Conostylis laxiflora Hibbertia grossularifoliaSowerbaea and laxiflora,pubescens, Geranium Open solanderi, Muehlenbeckia Caladeniadivaricata, latifolia, Herbland Dichondra adpressa, repens, of *Trachyandra *Oxalis Hardenbergia cornulata, comptoniana, Clematis Daucus glochidiatus,pusilla, Eryngiyum Isotropis cuneiformisfasciculatum pinnatifidum, subsp. Senecio cuneiformis, Isotoma pinnatifolius, scopigera *Heliophila and Stylidium glochidiatus, Hardenbergia comptoniana, Hydrocotylecornulata diantha, Lobelia tenuior, *Oxalis laxiflora, Pimelea ferruginea and Rhagodia baccata Rhagodia baccata,Phyllanthus Templetonia calycinus and retusa, Pimelea Acacia ferruginea littorea, Diplolaena dampieri, Spryridium globulosum,Diplolaena dampieri, Olearia Acacia axillaris, littorea, Exocarpus Dodonaea sparteus aptera,Lepidosperma Acacia cochlearis, gladiatum,octandra Lepidosperma squamatum, Carex thecata, Tetraria Spryridium globulosum,Acacia Acacia cochlearis littorea, overThomasia Templetonia a triphylla, retusa, Closed MelaleucaPimelea systena, Heath Diplolaena Phyllanthus of dampieri, calycinus, Acacia Cassytha littorea, pomiformis, Leucopogon parviflorus, Hypolaena exsulca. Excellent condition. laxiflora, Caladenia*Heliophila pusilla, Daucus glochidiatus and *Hydrocotyle diantha. latifolia, Hardenbergia comptoniana, Clematis pubescens, globulosum, Melaleuca huegeliilittorea, Diplolaena Pimelea dampieri ferruginea, overparviflorus, an Rhagodia Open Templetonia baccata, Heath Phyllanthus retusa of calycinus, Acacia Leucopogon globulosum, Exocarpus sparteus globulosum, Templetonia retusa, Loganiaretusa, Tetragonia vaginalis implexicaulus, over Boronia aSedgeland alata Shrubland and of of Melaleuca Lepidosperma Templetonia systenaavenacea over gladiatum, a and Desmocladus Closed Hardenbergia flexuosus Closed and comptoniana, Grassland Cyathochaeta debilis, Caladenia latifolia and Clematis pubescens. Hibbertia of grossulariifolia, Tetrarrhena Dicondra laevis repens, and Parietara Open Herbland of globulosum, Diplolaena dampieri, Dodonaea aptera and Acacia littorea viscosa andTetragonia Exocarpus implexicaulis, sparteus Diplolaena over dampieri, a Acacia Closed littorea Heath of Dodonaea aptera, baccata, Boronia alata,preissii Conostylis laxiflora, Phyllanthus calycinus, Acanthocarpos Lepidosperma 22 200m AREA 3 N 100 150 Lot 21 Boundary Study Area Boundary Cadastral Boundary Dune Crest Site Location Vegetation Type Vegetation Condition Vegetation Complex Boundary Vegetation Complex Ex TME FLORA AND VEGETATION ASSESSMENT LOT 21 CAVES ROAD, HAMELIN BAY VEGETATION TYPES, CONDITION AND COMPLEXES - AREA 1 SCALE 1 : 5 000 at A3 (MGA) Site 16 16 Ex 0 50 KE Legend AREA 2 KE Date: 27 Oct 2014 KR Lot 21 Lot 21 Drawn: K. Lehman Ex

Site 17

320 000mE 000mE 320 320 Ex Site 18 Ex Site 22 Kf AREA 1 Kf Ex Site 19 Ex Site 21 Ex Site 20

319 500mE 500mE 319 319 6 210 500mN 6 210 000mN 6 209 500mN

CADASTRAL SOURCE: Landgate, October 2014. RFA VEGETATION COMPLEX SOURCE: Mattiske & Havel, 2005. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH SOURCE: NearMap, flown September 2010.

P0198-f03.dgn PINPOINT CARTOGRAPHICS (08) 9562 7136 9562 (08) CARTOGRAPHICS PINPOINT

Appendix 1 Quadrat Data

Quadrat 1

Date: 19/09/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg-50, 320741, 6210015 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Sandy slope

Vegetation: Woodland/ Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Low Open Shrubland/Scattered Shrubs of Hibbertia cuneiformis, Spryridium globulosum, Templetonia retusa and Tetragonia implexicoma over a Very Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Very Open Herbland of *Zantedeschia aethiopica, *Euphorbia peplus and *Geranium molle and Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus and *Briza maxima.

Vegetation Condition: Degraded

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 12 60

Tetragonia implexicaulis climber 2

Hibbertia cuneiformis 1.2 2-5

*Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.5 2-5

*Euphorbia peplus 0.01 10

*Geranium molle 0.01 2-5

*Lagurus ovatus 0.2 70

*Briza maxima 0.1 20

*Dichondra repens 0.02 <1

Quadrat 2

Date: 19/09/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg-50, 320816, 6210323 Quadrat: 10x10

Habitat: Dune Crest

Vegetation: Open Woodland/Scattered trees of Agonis flexuosa over an Open Heath of Leucopogon parviflorus, Templetonia retusa, Spyridium globulosum, Olearia axillaris and Acacia littorea and Hibbertia cuneiformis over a Shrubland of Melaleuca systena, Tetragonia implexicoma, Acrotriche cordata and Acanthocarpos preissii over an Open Herbland of *Romulea rosea, Brachyscome iberidifolia, Opercularia vaginalis and Isotropis cuneifolia subsp. cuneifolia, Very Open Sedgeland/Scattered Sedgeland of Lepidosperma squamatum and Very Open Grassland of * Lagurus ovatus.

Vegetation Condition: Good to Very Good

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 4 10-15

Melaleuca systena 0.8 20

Spyridium globulosum 1.2 2-5

Hibbertia cuneiformis 1.0 2

Olearia axillaris 1.2 2

Acrotriche cordata 0.4 1

Templetonia retusa 1.6 <1

Tetragonia implexicaulis 0.4 <1

Acacia littorea 1.6 <1

Leucopogon parviflorus 1.6 <1

* Lagurus ovatus 0.05 20

*Romulea rosea 0.05 5

Acanthocarpos preissii 0.4 <1

Rhodanthe citrina 0.1 <1

Brachyscome iberidifolia 0.01 <1

Opercularia vaginalis 0.02 <1

Isotropis cuneifolia subsp. cuneifolia 0.1 <1

Lepidosperma squamatum 0.25 <1

Trachymeme pilosa 0.01 <1

*Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.01 <1

*Heliophila pusilla 0.2 <1

Quadrat 3

Date: 19/09/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg- 50, 320913, 6210392 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Sandy hillslope/crest

Vegetation: Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa and Melaleuca huegelii over a Tall Shrubland of Templetonia retusa, Spyridium globulosum over scattered shrubs of Hibbertia cuneiformis and Diplolaena dampieri over a Herbland of *Geranium molle, *Euphorbia peplus, Parietaria debilis, *Zantedeschia aethiopica and Clematis linearifolia, Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus and Very Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum.

Vegetation Condition: Degraded to Good condition.

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 0.5-6 50

Melaleuca huegelii 4-5 20

Templetonia retusa 3.5 2

Spyridium globulosum 4 2

Hibbertia cuneiformis 1 <1

Melaleuca systena 0.25 <1

Acacia littorea 1.8 <1

Diplolaena dampieri 0.3 <1

Acrotriche cordata 0.3 <1

*Geranium molle 0.05 40

*Lagurus ovatus 0.3 30

*Romulea rosea 0.2 2

Lepidosperma gladiatum 0.4 1

*Euphorbia peplus 0.3 1

Parietaria debilis 0.15 <1

*Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.3 <1

Clematis linearifolia creeper <1

Isotropis cuneifolia subsp. cuneifolia 0.01 <1

Rhodanthe citrina 0.01 <1

*Romulea rosea 0.2 2

Daucus glochidiatus 0.05 <1

*Oxalis corniculata 0.1 <1

*Sonchus olearaceus 0.3 <1

Hyalosperma cotula 0.05 <1

Quadrat 4

Date: 19/09/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg-50, 320981, 6210474 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Low lying swale

Vegetation: Low Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa and Melaleuca huegelii over a Tall Closed Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Templetonia retusa, Acacia littorea and Leucopogon parviflorus over a Closed Heath of Acrotriche cordata, Leucopogon parviflorus, Acanthocarpos preissii and Boronia alata over a Closed Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Lepidosperma squamatum, Lepidosperma gracile and Loxocarya cinerea and Herbland of Xanthosia candida, *Romulea rosea *Zantedeschia aethiopica, and Parietaria debilis.

Vegetation Condition: Very Good to Excellent

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Melaleuca huegelii 6 60-70

Agonis flexuosa 6-8 10-20

Spryridium globulosum 2.5 2-5

Templetonia retusa 1-3 2-5

Acacia littorea 1.5 1

Leucopogon parviflorus 0.5 1

Acrotriche cordata 1.2 2

Leucopogon parviflorus 0.5 <1

Acanthocarpos preissii 0.2 <1

Boronia alata 1 <1

Acanthocarpos preissii 0.2 <1

Lepidosperma gladiatum 1.0 70

Lepidosperma squamatum 0.3 5

Lepidosperma gracile 0.25 1-2

Austrostipa campylachne 0.7 <1

Loxocarya cinerea 0.4 <1

Carex thecata 0.3 <1

Xanthosia candida 0.05 1

*Romulea rosea 0.3 1-2

*Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.4 <1

*Trachyandra divaricata 0.4 <1

Parietaria debilis 0.3 <1

*Oxalis corniculata 0.05 <1

Clematis pubescens creeper <1

Apium prostratum 0.05 <1

Caladenia latifolia 0.25 <1

Hydrocotyle diantha 0.01 <1

Quadrat 5

Date: 24/09/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg- 50, 321271, 6209773 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Sandy hillslope

Vegetation: Low Closed Forest/Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Closed Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus and Very Open Herbland of *Euphorbia peplus, *Geranium molle and *Zantedeschia aethiopica.

Vegetation Condition: Degraded to Completely Degraded

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 6-11 70

*Lagurus ovatus 0.15 60

*Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.1-0.8 2

Euphorbia peplus 0.15 <1

*Geranium molle 0.1 <1

Quadrat 6

Date: 24/09/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg- 50, 320932, 6210057 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Sandy slope/flat

Vegetation: Low Closed Forest/Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Open Shrubland of Hibbertia cuneiformis, Spryridium globulosum and Templetonia retusa over Shrubland/Low Shrubland of Hibbertia cuneiformis and Melaleuca systena over a Very Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum and Open Grassland of Lepidosperma gladiatum and Open Herbland of *Romulea rosea, Dicrondra repens, *Geranium molle, Caladenia latifolia, Clematis pubescens, *Oxalis cornulata,

Vegetation Condition: Degraded to Good

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 6-10 70-80

Hibbertia cuneiformis 0.5- 2.1 1-2

Spryridium globulosum 2.1 1

Templetonia retusa 2 1

Melaleuca systena 0.5 <1

Lepidosperma gladiatum 1.3 2-3

*Romulea rosea 0.1 1

Dicrondra repens 0.05 <1

*Geranium molle 0.05 1

Caladenia latifolia 0.15 <1

Clematis pubescens 0.05 <1

*Oxalis cornulata 0.1 <1

*Heliophila pusilla 0.2 <1

Quadrat 7

Date: 24/09/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg- 50, 321022, 6210347 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Dune Crest

Vegetation: Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Shrubland of Melaleuca huegelii and Spryridium globulosum over a Low Open Shrubland/Scattered Low Shrubs of Hibbertia cuneiformis, Melaleuca systena and Templetonia retusa over an Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Hypolaena pubescens, Carex thecata and Lepidoserma gracile and Very Open Herbland of Acanthocarpos preissii, Isotropis cuneifolia subsp. cuneifolia, Daucus glochidiatus, *Heliophila pusilla, Podolepis gracilis, *Romulea rosea, Hydrocotyle blepharocarpa and *Zantedeschia aethiopica and Open Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus.

Vegetation Condition: Good condition.

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 4-10 70

Melaleuca huegelii 1.5 2-3

Spryridium globulosum 2.1 5

Hibbertia cuneiformis 1.2 2

Templetonia retusa 1.2 2

Lepidosperma gladiatum 1.0 2

Lepidoserma gracile 0.2 1-2

Hypolaena pubescens 0.3 <1

Carex thecata 0.2 <1

Acanthocarpos preissii 0.2 <1

Conostylis laxiflora 0.1 <1

*Lagurus ovatus 0.3 5-10

*Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.1 1

Isotropis cuneifolia subsp. cuneifolia 0.01 <1

Daucus glochidiatus 0.01 <1

*Heliophila pusilla 0.2 <1

Podolepis gracilis 0.3 <1

Hydrocotyle blepharocarpa 0.01 <1

Billardiera floribunda creeper <1

*Romulea rosea 0.2 <1

Hyalosperma cotula 0.05 <1

Rhodanthe citrina 0.1 <1

Quadrat 8

Date: 24/09/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg- 50, 321017, 6210391 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Lower hillslope/swale

Vegetation: Low Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa and Melaleuca huegelii over a Tall Open Shrubland of Templetonia retusa, Spyridium globulosum over an Open Heath/Shrubland of Templetonia retusa, Spyridium globulosum, Pimelea ferruginea over a Low Open Shrubland of Phyllanthus calycinus over a Closed Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Hypolaena pubescens and Lepidosperma squamatum and Very Open Grassland of Tetrarrhena laevis and *Lagurus ovatus and Open Herbland of Parianthes debilis, Caladenia flava, Geranium solanderi, Marinathus tenuis, *Heliophila pusilla and Daucus glochidiatus.

Vegetation Condition: Excellent

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 8 85

Melaleuca huegelii 6 5

Templetonia retusa 1-3 5-10

Spyridium globulosum 1-3 5-10

Pimelea ferruginea 1.3 1

Phyllanthus calycinus 0.3 1-2

Tetragonia impexicoma creeper <1

Lepidosperma gladiatum 2 75

Hypolaena pubescens 0.3 50

Lepidosperma squamatum 0.4 <1

Tetrarrhena laevis 0.4 1

*Lagurus ovatus 0.1 <1

Parianthes debilis 0.15 <1

Caladenia flava 0.2 <1

Geranium solanderi 0.1 <1

Marinathus tenuis creeper <1

*Heliophila pusilla 0.1 <1

Daucus glochidiatus 0.01 <1

Clematis pubescens creeper <1

*Oxalis cornulata 0.1 1-2

*Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.1 <1

Quadrat 9

Date: 24/09/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg- 50, 320953, 6209786 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Sandy hillslope

Vegetation: Low Closed Forest/Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over an Open Herbland of *Zantedeschia aethiopica and Parietara debilis and Closed Grassland of Tetrarrhena laevis and *Lagurus ovatus.

Vegetation Condition: Degraded to Completely Degraded

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 9 80

*Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.3 5

Parietara debilis 0.1 5

Tetrarrhena laevis 0.1 30

*Lagurus ovatus 0.3 40

Quadrat 10

Date: 7/10/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg- 50, 320480, 6209323 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Sandy hillslope/crest

Vegetation: Low Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Open Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum over a Shrubland of Templetonia retusa, Pimelea ferruginea, Rhagodia baccata, Tetragonia implexicaulis and Hibbertia cuneiformis over a Low Open Shrubland of Phyllanthus calycinus, Acanthocarpos preissii, Olearia axillaris over an Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum and Open Herbland of *Zantedeschia aethiopica, Parietara debilis, *Romulea rosea, Hardenbergia comptoniana, Xanthosia candida, *Oxalis cornulata, *Crassula glomerata, *Erodium botrys, Geranium solanderi and *Senecio elegans and Open Grassland of Tetrarrhena laevis, Austrostipa campylachne and *Lagurus ovatus.

Vegetation Condition: Very Good to Excellent

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 5- 9 80

Spryridium globulosum 2.5 5-10

Templetonia retusa 1.2 2-5

Pimelea ferruginea 0.4 2

Rhagodia baccata 1.0 2

Tetragonia implexicaulis creeper 1

Hibbertia cuneiformis 1.1 1

Phyllanthus calycinus 0.3 2

Acanthocarpos preissii 0.3 1

Olearia axillaris 0.9 1

Lepidosperma gladiatum 1.0 5

*Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.2 <1

Parietara debilis 0.3 1-2

*Romulea rosea 0.1 <1

Hardenbergia comptoniana creeper <1

Xanthosia candida 0.1 1-2

*Senecio elegans 0.25 <1

Tetrarrhena laevis 0.3 2

Geranium solanderi 0.1 <1

Austrostipa campylachne 0.6 <1

*Lagurus ovatus 0.3 <1

Dicondra repens 0.01 1

*Erodium botrys 0.05 <1

Clematis pubescens creeper <1

Quadrat 11

Date: 7/10/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg- 50, 320858, 6210170 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Low dunes, sandy hillslopes

Vegetation: Open Forest/Woodland of Agonis flexuosa over a Low Open Shrubland/Scattered Low Shrubs of Spryridium globulosum, Melaleuca systena, Hibbertia cuneiformis and Acrotriche cordata over a Closed Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus and *Bromus diandrus and scattered herbs of Poranthera microphylla, Daucus glochidiatus, Hyalosperma cotula and *Romulea rosea.

Vegetation Condition: Degraded

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 6 60-80

Spryridium globulosum 1.3 2

Hibbertia cuneiformis 0.5 1

Melaleuca systena 1.0 <1

Acrotriche cordata 0.3 <1

*Lagurus ovatus 0.3 70

*Bromus diandrus 0.1 <1

Poranthera microphylla 0.1 <1

Daucus glochidiatus 0.05 <1

Hyalosperma cotula 0.1 <1

*Romulea rosea 0.1 <1

Quadrat 12

Date: 7/10/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg- 50, 320684, 6210343 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Sandy hillslopes/dunes

Vegetation: Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Closed Shrubland of Spyridium globulosum, Exocarpus sparteus, Templetonia retusa and Diplolaena dampieri over a Low Open Heath of Melaleuca systena, Leucopogon parviceps, Acacia littorea, Pimelea ferruginea, Acanthocarpos preissii, Hibbertia cuneiformis, Tetragonia implexicaulis and Olearia axillaris over Scattered Low Shrubs/Low Open Shrubland of Acrotriche cordata, Phyllanthus calycinus, Conostylis aculeata over a Closed Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gracile, Lepidosperma gladiatum, Lepidosperma squamatum and Loxocarya cinerea and Very Open Herbland of Muelenbeckia adpressa, Xanthosia candida, Caladenia latifolia and Sowerbaea laxiflora.

Vegetation Condition: Excellent

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 5 90

Spyridium globulosum 2.5 15

Templetonia retusa 2 2

Exocarpus sparteus 1.2 <1

Diplolaena dampieri 2 1

Melaleuca systena 0.5 5

Leucopogon parviceps 0.4 <1

Acacia littorea 0.6 1

Pimelea ferruginea 0.4 1

Acanthocarpos preissii 0.25 1

Hibbertia cuneiformis 0.4 <1

Tetragonia implexicaulis creeper <1

Olearia axillaris 1.3 1

Acrotriche cordata 0.1 <1

Phyllanthus calycinus 0.2 <1

Conostylis aculeata 0.25 <1

Lepidosperma gracile 0.3 80

Lepidosperma gladiatum 1.0 1-2

Lepidosperma squamatum 0.3 2

Loxocarya cinerea 0.2 5

Muelenbeckia adpressa creeper <1

Xanthosia candida 0.1 <1

Caladenia latifolia 0.35 <1

Sowerbaea laxiflora 0.35 <1

*Oxalis cornulata 0.1 <1

Tetrarrhena laevis 0.2 <1

Quadrat 13

Date: 7/10/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg- 50, 320530, 6210058 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Sandy hillslopes

Vegetation: Low Closed Forest/Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Open Shrubland of Boronia alata and Tetragonia implexicaulis with scattered low shrubs of Hibbertia cuneiformis over a Closed Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus and *Briza maxima and Very Open Herbland of *Zantedeschia aethiopica, Parietara debilis, *Geranium molle and *Euphorbia peplus.

Vegetation Condition: Degraded

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 8-10 80

Boronia alata 3 2-5

Tetragonia implexicaulis creeper <1

Hibbertia cuneiformis 0.5 <1

*Lagurus ovatus 0.2 60-70

*Briza maxima 0.25 5-10

*Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.1 2

Parietara debilis 0.15 <1

*Geranium molle 0.05 2

*Euphorbia peplus. 0.05 2

Quadrat 14

Date: 7/10/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg- 50, 320518, 6210096 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Swale

Vegetation: Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Closed Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum and Boronia alata over an Open Heath of Spryridium globulosum, Templetonia retusa and Tetragonia implexicaulis over a Low Shrubland of Acanthocarpos preissii over a Closed Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum and Open Herbland of Dicondra repens, *Oxalis cornulata, Sowerbaea laxiflora, Geranium solanderi and scattered grass of Tetrarrhena laevis

Vegetation Condition: Excellent

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 10 85

Spryridium globulosum 1-3 70

Boronia alata 2.2 2

Templetonia retusa 2.0 2-5

Tetragonia implexicaulis creeper 5-10

Acanthocarpos preissii 0.5 2

Lepidosperma gladiatum 1.5 70

*Oxalis cornulata 0.01 <1

Sowerbaea laxiflora 0.2 <1

Geranium solanderi 0.01 <1

Tetrarrhena laevis 0.3 1-2

Dicrondra repens 0.01 2

Quadrat 15

Date: 7/10/14 GPS: NW Corner Peg- 50, 320350, 6209553 Quadrat: 10x10m

Habitat: Sandy hillslope/dune

Vegetation: Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Shrubland/Low Open Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Melaleuca systena, Phyllanthus calycinus and Rhagodia baccata over a Closed Grassland of *Lagurus ovatus, Tetrarrhena laevis and *Bromus diandrus and Open Herbland of *Zantedeschia aethiopica, Podolepis lessonii, *Senecio elegans, *Romulea rosea, *Heliophila pusilla, Crassula glomerata and *Heliophila pusilla.

Vegetation Condition: Good

Species List Height (m) Cover (%)

Agonis flexuosa 5 60

Spryridium globulosum 1.2 2-5

Melaleuca systena 1 2

Phyllanthus calycinus 0.3 2-5

Rhagodia baccata 1.2 1

*Lagurus ovatus 0.2 70

Tetrarrhena laevis 0.3 5

*Bromus diandrus 0.3 2-5

*Zantedeschia aethiopica 0.3 2

Podolepis lessonii 0.2 <1

*Senecio elegans 0.4 <1

*Romulea rosea 0.2 <1

*Heliophila pusilla 0.2 <1

*Crassula glomerata 0.05 <1

*Geranium molle 0.1 <1

Appendix 2 Area 1 - Vegetation Types, Condition and Photos

Dune Slopes

Site 16- Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Open Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Melaleuca huegelii Diplolaena dampieri over an Open Heath of Acacia littorea, Pimelea ferruginea, Rhagodia baccata, Phyllanthus calycinus, Leucopogon parviflorus, Templetonia retusa over a Low Open Heath of Melaleuca systena, Scaevola microphylla, Hibbertia cuneiformis, Acrotriche cordata, Conostylis laxiflora and a Closed Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Loxocarya cinerea and Lepidosperma gracile and an Open Herbland of Opercularia vaginalis, Sowerbaea laxiflora, Caladenia latifolia, Hardenbergia comptoniana, Clematis pubescens, *Heliophila pusilla, Daucus glochidiatus and *Hydrocotyle diantha. Excellent condition.

Site 19 -Closed Forest/Low Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa with clumped Melaleuca huegelii over a Tall Closed Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Dodonaea aptera, Beyeria viscosa and Exocarpus sparteus over a Closed Heath of Dodonaea aptera, Tetragonia implexicaulis, Diplolaena dampieri, Acacia littorea and Phyllanthus calycinus over an Open Herbland of Caladenia latifolia, Pyrorchis nigricans, Daucus glochidiatus, Hardenbergia comptoniana, Hydrocotyle diantha, Lobelia tenuior, *Oxalis cornulata and Clematis pubescens. Excellent condition.

Dune Swales

Site 17: Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Closed Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Exocarpus sparteus and Beyeria viscosa over a Closed Heath of Rhagodia baccata, Templetonia retusa, Acacia littorea, Diplolaena dampieri, Phyllanthus calycinus and Pimelea ferruginea over a Low Open Shrubland of Hibbertia grossularifolia and Open Herbland of Hardenbergia comptoniana, Sowerbaea laxiflora, Muehlenbeckia adpressa, *Oxalis cornulata, Clematis pubescens, Geranium solanderi, Caladenia latifolia, Dichondra repens, *Trachyandra divaricata, *Zantedeschia aethiopica and scattered grasses of Tetrarrhena laevis. Excellent condition.

Site 22: Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Closed Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Templetonia retusa, Logania vaginalis over a Shrubland of Templetonia retusa, Tetragonia implexicaulus, Boronia alata and Melaleuca systena over a Closed Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Desmocladus flexuosus and Cyathochaeta avenacea and Closed Grassland of Tetrarrhena laevis and Open Herbland of Hardenbergia comptoniana, Hibbertia grossulariifolia, Dicondra repens, Parietara debilis, Caladenia latifolia and Clematis pubescens.

Dune Crests

Site 18: Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Closed Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Diplolaena dampieri, Dodonaea aptera and Acacia littorea over a Closed Heath of Acacia littorea, Templetonia retusa, Olearia axillaris, Exocarpus sparteus and Low Closed Heath of Scaevola crassifolia, Leucopogon parviflorus, Rhagodia baccata, Boronia alata, Conostylis laxiflora, Phyllanthus calycinus, Acanthocarpos preissii and Myoporum oppositifolium over an Open Herbland of Dicondra repens, *Trachyandra divaricata, Parietaris debilis, Senecio ramosissimus,

Hydrocotyle diantha, Trachymene pilosa, Lobelia tenuior, Caladenia latifolia, *Oxalis cornulata, Clematis pubescens, *Zantedeschia aethiopica and *Heliophila pusilla.

Site 20: Low Closed Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Closed Shrubland/Closed Heath of Spryridium globulosum, Olearia axillaris, Dodonaea aptera, Acacia cochlearis, Diplolaena dampieri, Acacia littorea, Exocarpus sparteus and Leucopogon obovatus subsp. revolutus over a Low Open Heath of Acanthocarpos preissii, Conostylis laxiflora, Pimelea ferruginea and Rhagodia baccata over an Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma gladiatum, Lepidosperma squamatum, Carex thecata, Tetraria octandra and Desmocladus flexuosus and Open Herbland of Rhodanthe citrina, Daucus glochidiatus, Eryngiyum pinnatifidum, Senecio pinnatifolius, *Heliophila pusilla, Isotropis cuneiformis subsp. cuneiformis, Isotoma scopigera and Stylidium fasciculatum and scattered grass of Tetrarrhena laevis.

Site 21: Open Forest of Agonis flexuosa over a Tall Open Shrubland/Open Shrubland of Spryridium globulosum, Acacia littorea, Templetonia retusa, Diplolaena

73 dampieri, Acacia cochlearis over a Closed Heath of Acacia littorea, Leucopogon parviflorus, Thomasia triphylla, Melaleuca systena, Phyllanthus calycinus, Cassytha pomiformis, Pimelea ferruginea over a Low Open Heath of Hibbertia grossulariifolia, Conostylis laxiflora, Acanthocarpos preissii and Open Herbland of Opercularia vaginalis, Isotropis cuneiformis subsp. cuneiformis, Podolepis lessonii, Brachyscome iberidifolia, Eryngium pinnatifidum, *Fumaria muralis, Clematis pubescens, Rhodanthe citrina, Daucus glochidiatus, Marianthus candidus, Thysanotus sp. Isotoma scapigera and *Heliophila pusilla and a Very Open Sedgeland of Lepidosperma squamatum and Hypolaena exsulca.

Appendix 3 Flora Species List

FLORA SPECIES LIST

FAMILY SPECIES Area 1 Area 2 Area 3

AIZOACEAE Tetragonia implexicoma x x x

ANTHERICACEAE Caesia micrantha x x x

Sowebaea laxiflora x x

Thysanotus arenarius x x

Thysanotus manglesianus x x

Tricoryne elatior x x

APIACEAE Apium prostratum x

Daucus glochidiatus x x x

Eryngium pinnatifidum x

Hydrocotyle blepharocarpa x

Hydrocotyle diantha x x

Trachymene pilosa x x

Xanthosia candida x x x

ARACEAE *Zantedeschia aethiopica x x x

ASPHODELACEAE *Trachyandra divaricata x x

ASTERACEAE Asteridea pulverulenta x

Brachyscome iberidifolia x x

Cotula australis x x

Hyalosperma cotula x x x

*Hypolaena glabra

Olearia axillaris x x x

Podolepis lessonii x x

Rhodanthe cotula x x x

*Senecio elegans x

Senecio pinnatifolius x

Senecio ramosissimus x

*Sonchus oleraeus x

BRASSICACEAE *Heliophila pusilla x x x

CHENOPODIACEAE Rhagodia baccata x x x

CONVOLVULACEAE Dicrondra repens x x x

CRASSULACEAE Crassula decumbens x

*Crassula glomerata x x

CYPERACEAE Carex thecata x x x

Cyathochaeta ?avenacea x

Lepidosperma gracile x x

Lepidosperma leptostachylum x

Lepidosperma gladiatum x x x

Lepidosperma squamatum x x x

Tetraria octandra x

DASYPOGONACEAE Acanthocarpus preissii x x x

DILLENIACEAE Hibbertia cuneiformis x x x

Hibbertia grossularifolia x

DROSERACEAE Drosera pallida x

EPACRIDACEAE Acrotriche cordata x x x

Leucopogon obovatus subsp. x x revolutus

Leucopogon parviflorus x x x

EUPHORBIACEAE Beyeria viscosa x

*Euphorbia paralias x

*Euphorbia peplus x

Phyllanthus calycinus x x x

Poranthera microphylla x x x

FABACEAE Hardenbergia comptoniana x x x

Isotropis cuneifolia subsp x x x cuneifolia

Kennedia coccinea x x

*Medicago sp. x

Templetonia retusa x x x

FUMARIACEAE *Fumaria muralis x x

GERANICACEAE *Erodium botrys x x

*Geranium molle x x

Geranium solanderi x x

GOODENIACEAE Scaevola crassifolia x x x

Scaevola microphylla x

HAEMODORACEAE Conostylis aculeata x

Conostylis laxiflora x x x

IRIDACEAE *Romulea rosea x x

LAURACEAE Cassytha pomiformis x x x

LOBELIACEAE Isotoma scapigera x

Lobelia tenuior x x

LOGANIACEAE Logania vaginalis x

MIMOSACEAE Acacia cochlearis x

Acacia littorea x x x

Acacia subracemosa – Priority 3 x

MYRTACEAE Agonis flexuosa x x x

Melaleuca systena x x x

MYOPORACEAE Myoporum oppositifolium x x

ORCHIDACEAE Caladenia latifolia x x x

Microtis alba x

Pterostylis pyramidalis x

Pyrorchis nigricans x

OXALIDACEAE *Oxalis corniculata x x x

PITTOSPORACEAE Billardiera floribunda x x

Marianthus candidus x

Marianthus tenuis x

POACEAE Austrostipa campylachne x x

Austrostipa flavescens x

*Briza maxima x x

*Bromus diandrus x

*Lagurus ovatus x x x

Poa drummondiana x x

Tetrarrhena laevis x x

POLYGALACEAE Comesperma confertum x x

POLYGONACEAE Muehlenbeckia adpressa x x

RANUNCULACEAE Clematis linearifolia x x

Clematis pubescens x x x

RESTIONACEAE Desmocladus fasciculatus x

Hypolaena pubescens x x

Loxocarya cinerea x x x

RHAMNACEAE Spyridium globulosum x x x

RUBIACEAE Opercularia vaginalis x x x

RUTACEAE Boronia alata x x x

Diplolaena dampieri x x x

SANTALACEAE Exocarpos sparteus x x

SAPINDACEAE Dodonaea aptera x

SCROPHULARIACEAE Veronica distans

SOLANACEAE Anthocercis littorea x

*Solanum linnaeanum x

STERCULIACEAE Thomasia triphylla x x

STYLIDIACEAE Stylidium fasciculatum x

THYMELAEACEAE Pimelea ferrigenea x x

URTICACEAE Parietaria debilis x x x

XANTHORRHOEACEAE Xanthorrhoea preissii x x x

Native Species- 92

Introduced Species- 19

TOTAL NUMBER OF SPECIES- 111

* denotes introduced species/weed