~©~~Report May 2001
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Load more
Recommended publications
-
Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute” Russian Antarctic Expedition
FEDERAL SERVICE OF RUSSIA FOR HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING State Institution “Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute” Russian Antarctic Expedition QUARTERLY BULLETIN ʋ2 (51) April - June 2010 STATE OF ANTARCTIC ENVIRONMENT Operational data of Russian Antarctic stations St. Petersburg 2010 FEDERAL SERVICE OF RUSSIA FOR HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING State Institution “Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute” Russian Antarctic Expedition QUARTERLY BULLETIN ʋ2 (51) April - June 2010 STATE OF ANTARCTIC ENVIRONMENT Operational data of Russian Antarctic stations Edited by V.V. Lukin St. Petersburg 2010 Editor-in-Chief - M.O. Krichak (Russian Antarctic Expedition –RAE) Authors and contributors Section 1 M. O. Krichak (RAE), Section 2 Ye. I. Aleksandrov (Department of Meteorology) Section 3 G. Ye. Ryabkov (Department of Long-Range Weather Forecasting) Section 4 A. I. Korotkov (Department of Ice Regime and Forecasting) Section 5 Ye. Ye. Sibir (Department of Meteorology) Section 6 I. V. Moskvin, Yu.G.Turbin (Department of Geophysics) Section 7 V. V. Lukin (RAE) Section 8 B. R. Mavlyudov (RAS IG) Section 9 V. L. Martyanov (RAE) Translated by I.I. Solovieva http://www.aari.aq/, Antarctic Research and Russian Antarctic Expedition, Reports and Glossaries, Quarterly Bulletin. Acknowledgements: Russian Antarctic Expedition is grateful to all AARI staff for participation and help in preparing this Bulletin. For more information about the contents of this publication, please, contact Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute of Roshydromet Russian Antarctic Expedition Bering St., 38, St. Petersburg 199397 Russia Phone: (812) 352 15 41; 337 31 04 Fax: (812) 337 31 86 E-mail: [email protected] CONTENTS PREFACE……………………….…………………………………….………………………….1 1. DATA OF AEROMETEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS AT THE RUSSIAN ANTARCTIC STATIONS…………………………………….…………………………3 2. -
Office of Polar Programs
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SURFACE TRAVERSE CAPABILITIES IN ANTARCTICA COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION DRAFT (15 January 2004) FINAL (30 August 2004) National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, Virginia 22230 DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SURFACE TRAVERSE CAPABILITIES IN ANTARCTICA FINAL COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Purpose.......................................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation (CEE) Process .......................................................1-1 1.3 Document Organization .............................................................................................................1-2 2.0 BACKGROUND OF SURFACE TRAVERSES IN ANTARCTICA..................................2-1 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Re-supply Traverses...................................................................................................................2-1 2.3 Scientific Traverses and Surface-Based Surveys .......................................................................2-5 3.0 ALTERNATIVES ....................................................................................................................3-1 -
Antarctic Peninsula
Hucke-Gaete, R, Torres, D. & Vallejos, V. 1997c. Entanglement of Antarctic fur seals, Arctocephalus gazella, by marine debris at Cape Shirreff and San Telmo Islets, Livingston Island, Antarctica: 1998-1997. Serie Científica Instituto Antártico Chileno 47: 123-135. Hucke-Gaete, R., Osman, L.P., Moreno, C.A. & Torres, D. 2004. Examining natural population growth from near extinction: the case of the Antarctic fur seal at the South Shetlands, Antarctica. Polar Biology 27 (5): 304–311 Huckstadt, L., Costa, D. P., McDonald, B. I., Tremblay, Y., Crocker, D. E., Goebel, M. E. & Fedak, M. E. 2006. Habitat Selection and Foraging Behavior of Southern Elephant Seals in the Western Antarctic Peninsula. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2006, abstract #OS33A-1684. INACH (Instituto Antártico Chileno) 2010. Chilean Antarctic Program of Scientific Research 2009-2010. Chilean Antarctic Institute Research Projects Department. Santiago, Chile. Kawaguchi, S., Nicol, S., Taki, K. & Naganobu, M. 2006. Fishing ground selection in the Antarctic krill fishery: Trends in patterns across years, seasons and nations. CCAMLR Science, 13: 117–141. Krause, D. J., Goebel, M. E., Marshall, G. J., & Abernathy, K. (2015). Novel foraging strategies observed in a growing leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) population at Livingston Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Animal Biotelemetry, 3:24. Krause, D.J., Goebel, M.E., Marshall. G.J. & Abernathy, K. In Press. Summer diving and haul-out behavior of leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) near mesopredator breeding colonies at Livingston Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Marine Mammal Science.Leppe, M., Fernandoy, F., Palma-Heldt, S. & Moisan, P 2004. Flora mesozoica en los depósitos morrénicos de cabo Shirreff, isla Livingston, Shetland del Sur, Península Antártica, in Actas del 10º Congreso Geológico Chileno. -
Polscy Zesłańcy Po Powstaniu Styczniowym Na Południu Guberni
STUDIA POLONIJNE T. 34. Lublin 2013 SERGIUSZ LEON´ CZYK POLSCY ZESAN´ CY PO POWSTANIU STYCZNIOWYM NA POUDNIU GUBERNI JENISEJSKIEJ W DRUGIEJ POOWIE XIX WIEKU W latach 1863-1867 zesano do Rosji europejskiej, na Kaukaz i na Syberie okoo 25 200 Polaków, kilkuset chopów ukrain´skich i biaoruskich oraz Rosjan, którzy przyaczyli sie do powstania z pobudek ideowych. Wraz z zesan´cami przybyo 1800 ich krewnych, co Iacznie stanowio prawie 27 000 osób. Do tej liczby nalezy dodac´ 6000 osób wcielonych do rot aresz- tanckich na terenie Rosji europejskiej. Razem stanowi to liczbe 33 000 osób. Z tej grupy – 18 600 osób przybyo na Syberie (16 800 zesan´ców oraz 1800 osób towarzyszacych). Spos´ród 16 800 zesanych na Syberie 23% odbywao katorge, 12,8% byo skazanych na osiedlenie bez katorgi, ale z pozbawieniem wszelkich praw, 8% na „zamieszkanie”, 50,5% zaliczono do kategorii dozy- wotnich osadników (skazano na osiedlenie) z zachowaniem czes´ci praw, 5,7% zesano w trybie administracyjnym. Ponad poowe zesan´ców stanowiy osoby pochodzenia szlacheckiego, okoo 20% : mieszczan´skiego i chopskiego1. Do guberni jenisejskiej po powstaniu styczniowym skierowano 3719 osób. Spos´ród tej liczby zesan´ców na poudniu guberni w okregu minusin´skim rozmieszczono 1026 powstan´ców, zas´ w pozostaych okregach – 12362. Gubernia jenisejska bya miejscem najliczniejszego zesania Polaków po powstaniu styczniowym. Na poczatku 1864 roku w „Poozeniu” (A@:@0,>4,), Dr SERGIUSZ LEON´ CZYK - adiunkt Instytutu Historii i Stosunków Miedzynarodowych Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczo-Humanistycznego w Siedlcach; e-mail: [email protected] 1 E.Kaczyn´ska, W.S´ liwowska, Zesanie i katorga na Syberii w dziejach Polaków 1815-1914, Warszawa: PWN 1992, s. -
Seabirds of Human Settlements in Antarctica: a Case Study of the Mirny Station
CZECH POLAR REPORTS 11 (1): 98-113, 2021 Seabirds of human settlements in Antarctica: A case study of the Mirny Station Sergey Golubev Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Nekouzskii raion, Yaroslavl oblast, 152742, Russia Abstract Antarctica is free of urbanisation, however, 40 year-round and 32 seasonal Antarctic stations operate there. The effects of such human settlements on Antarctic wildlife are insufficiently studied. The main aim of this study was to determine the organization of the bird population of the Mirny Station. The birds were observed on the coast of the Davis Sea in the Mirny (East Antarctica) from January 8, 2012 to January 7, 2013 and from January 9, 2015 to January 9, 2016. The observations were carried out mainly on the Radio and Komsomolsky nunataks (an area of about 0.5 km²). The duration of observations varied from 1 to 8 hours per day. From 1956 to 2016, 13 non-breeding bird species (orders Sphenisciformes, Procellariiformes, Charadriiformes) were recorded in the Mirny. The South polar skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) and Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) form the basis of the bird population. South polar skuas are most frequently recorded at the station. Less common are Brown skuas (Catharacta antarctica lonnbergi) and Adélie penguins. Adélie penguins, Wilson's storm petrels (Oceanites oceanicus), South polar and Brown skuas are seasonal residents, the other species are visitors. Adélie penguins, Emperor (Aptenodytes forsteri), Macaroni (Eudyptes chrysolophus) and Chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica), Wilson's storm petrels, South polar and Brown skuas interacted with the station environment, using it for com- fortable behavior, feeding, molting, shelter from bad weather conditions, and possible breeding. -
Antarctic Primer
Antarctic Primer By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller Designed by: Olivia Young, Aurora Expeditions October 2018 Cover image © I.Tortosa Morgan Suite 12, Level 2 35 Buckingham Street Surry Hills, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia To anyone who goes to the Antarctic, there is a tremendous appeal, an unparalleled combination of grandeur, beauty, vastness, loneliness, and malevolence —all of which sound terribly melodramatic — but which truly convey the actual feeling of Antarctica. Where else in the world are all of these descriptions really true? —Captain T.L.M. Sunter, ‘The Antarctic Century Newsletter ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 3 CONTENTS I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Guidance for Visitors to the Antarctic Antarctica’s Historic Heritage South Georgia Biosecurity II. THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Antarctica The Southern Ocean The Continent Climate Atmospheric Phenomena The Ozone Hole Climate Change Sea Ice The Antarctic Ice Cap Icebergs A Short Glossary of Ice Terms III. THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Life in Antarctica Adapting to the Cold The Kingdom of Krill IV. THE WILDLIFE Antarctic Squids Antarctic Fishes Antarctic Birds Antarctic Seals Antarctic Whales 4 AURORA EXPEDITIONS | Pioneering expedition travel to the heart of nature. CONTENTS V. EXPLORERS AND SCIENTISTS The Exploration of Antarctica The Antarctic Treaty VI. PLACES YOU MAY VISIT South Shetland Islands Antarctic Peninsula Weddell Sea South Orkney Islands South Georgia The Falkland Islands South Sandwich Islands The Historic Ross Sea Sector Commonwealth Bay VII. FURTHER READING VIII. WILDLIFE CHECKLISTS ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 5 Adélie penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Antarctica is the largest wilderness area on earth, a place that must be preserved in its present, virtually pristine state. -
The Antarctic Treaty
The Antarctic Treaty Measures adopted at the Thirty-ninth Consultative Meeting held at Santiago, Chile 23 May – 1 June 2016 Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs by Command of Her Majesty November 2017 Cm 9542 © Crown copyright 2017 This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This publication is available at www.gov.uk/government/publications Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at Treaty Section, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, King Charles Street, London, SW1A 2AH ISBN 978-1-5286-0126-9 CCS1117441642 11/17 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum Printed in the UK by the APS Group on behalf of the Controller of Her Majestyʼs Stationery Office MEASURES ADOPTED AT THE THIRTY-NINTH ANTARCTIC TREATY CONSULTATIVE MEETING Santiago, Chile 23 May – 1 June 2016 The Measures1 adopted at the Thirty-ninth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting are reproduced below from the Final Report of the Meeting. In accordance with Article IX, paragraph 4, of the Antarctic Treaty, the Measures adopted at Consultative Meetings become effective upon approval by all Contracting Parties whose representatives were entitled to participate in the meeting at which they were adopted (i.e. all the Consultative Parties). The full text of the Final Report of the Meeting, including the Decisions and Resolutions adopted at that Meeting and colour copies of the maps found in this command paper, is available on the website of the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat at www.ats.aq/documents. -
Ukrainians and Poles Timothy Snyder
8 Ukrainians and Poles timothy snyder Europe’s road to Muscovy passed through Warsaw and Kyiv (Kiev). Despite what one reads in books, the Renaissance and Reformation did reach Muscovy, if by this most indirect route. In the middle of the seventeenth century,Ortho- dox clerics trained in the rhetoric and languages of the Polish Renaissance and Reformation settled in Moscow.As Muscovy’s political power extended across eastern Ukraine and Kiev with Hetman Bohdan Khmelnyts’kyi’s rebellion against Poland ( 1648–54 ) and the Treaty of Eternal Peace between Muscovy and Poland ( 1686), Orthodox clerics came to terms with their new position in a highly backward Orthodox state. Alexis Mikhailovich (r. 1645–76 ) saw them as people capable of improving Muscovite administration, and encouraged the emigration of learned Ukrainians. Iepifanii Slavynets’kyi was an early arrival, in 1649. Symeon Polots’kyi taught Alexis’s children Latin and Polish. The occa- sional Polish Jesuit was allowed to dispute with the Orthodox, as did Andrzej Kwieczynski before he was sent to break rocks in Siberia in 1660. Disputa- tion itself was an import from Poland, and at this time Polish and Latin were understood to be the languages of reason. Latin itself was learned from Polish translations, for example of Ovid’s ‘Metamorphoses’. Ukrainian clerics such as Stepan Iavors’kyi and Teofan Prokopovych were indeed engaged in some fundamental transformations: of themselves as they reoriented Ruthenian Orthodoxy to Moscow, and of Moscow as they reori- ented public life and political thought to the West. Such men introduced the baroque, not only in rhetoric, but in architecture, ceremonial and secu- lar public displays. -
Czrkanowski Folder
Collector Coins Collector Coins National Bank of Poland CollectorCollector CoinsCoins face value 10 z∏ face value 2 z∏ metal 925/1000 Ag metal CuAl5Zn5Sn1 alloy finish proof finish standard diameter 32.00 mm diameter 27.00 mm weight 14.14 g weight 8.15 g mintage 45,000 pcs mintage 700,000 pcs Obverse: Image of the Eagle, established as the state emblem Obverse: Image of the Eagle, established as the state emblem of the Republic of Poland; the notation of the year of issue: of the Republic of Poland; the notation of the year of issue: 2004, to the left; an inscription: 10 Z¸, to the right. The 20-04, on either side of the Eagle; below the Eagle, an inscription: inscription: RZECZPOSPOLITA / POLSKA, above the Eagle. Above Z¸ 2 Z¸; Circumscription: RZECZPOSPOLITA POLSKA, preceded m the inscription, the image of reindeer spans, against a Siberian and followed by six pearls, in the rim. The Mint mark:––w , under landscape, with a flock of birds in flight at the top. The Mint the Eagle’s left talon. m mark:––w , under the Eagle’s left talon. Reverse: Portrait of Aleksander Czekanowski, against Reverse: Portrait of Aleksander Czekanowski, against a Siberian landscape with a reindeer pulling a sledge. The semi- a Siberian landscape. A reindeer to the left of the portrait; circumscription: ALEKSANDER CZEKANOWSKI 1833-1876, stylised: a profile, hands, a compass, compasses and a map, to above and on the left-hand side. the right. The inscription: ALEKSANDER / CZEKANOWSKI / 1833- 1876, below. On the edge: an inscription: NBP eight times repeated, every second one turned by 180o, separated by stars. -
Download Factsheet
Antarctic Factsheet Geographical Statistics May 2005 AREA % of total Antarctica - including ice shelves and islands 13,829,430km2 100.00% (Around 58 times the size of the UK, or 1.4 times the size of the USA) Antarctica - excluding ice shelves and islands 12,272,800km2 88.74% Area ice free 44,890km2 0.32% Ross Ice Shelf 510,680km2 3.69% Ronne-Filchner Ice Shelf 439,920km2 3.18% LENGTH Antarctic Peninsula 1,339km Transantarctic Mountains 3,300km Coastline* TOTAL 45,317km 100.00% * Note: coastlines are fractal in nature, so any Ice shelves 18,877km 42.00% measurement of them is dependant upon the scale at which the data is collected. Coastline Rock 5,468km 12.00% lengths here are calculated from the most Ice coastline 20,972km 46.00% detailed information available. HEIGHT Mean height of Antarctica - including ice shelves 1,958m Mean height of Antarctica - excluding ice shelves 2,194m Modal height excluding ice shelves 3,090m Highest Mountains 1. Mt Vinson (Ellsworth Mts.) 4,892m 2. Mt Tyree (Ellsworth Mts.) 4,852m 3. Mt Shinn (Ellsworth Mts.) 4,661m 4. Mt Craddock (Ellsworth Mts.) 4,650m 5. Mt Gardner (Ellsworth Mts.) 4,587m 6. Mt Kirkpatrick (Queen Alexandra Range) 4,528m 7. Mt Elizabeth (Queen Alexandra Range) 4,480m 8. Mt Epperly (Ellsworth Mts) 4,359m 9. Mt Markham (Queen Elizabeth Range) 4,350m 10. Mt Bell (Queen Alexandra Range) 4,303m (In many case these heights are based on survey of variable accuracy) Nunatak on the Antarctic Peninsula 1/4 www.antarctica.ac.uk Antarctic Factsheet Geographical Statistics May 2005 Other Notable Mountains 1. -
Pdf Aleksander Czekanowski – Odkrywca Trapów Syberyjskich
Przegl¹d Geologiczny, vol. 67, nr 10, 2019 Z MINIONYCH CZASÓW Aleksander Czekanowski – odkrywca trapów syberyjskich Grzegorz Racki1 Aleksander Czekanowski – discoverer of Siberian traps. Prz. Geol., 67: 791–798. A b s t r a c t. Flood basalts (traps) and large igneous provinces (LIPs) belong to the hot topics of modern geology, especially due to their causal links with major evolutionary crises and global catastrophes. However, the history of views on volcanic cataclysms, as well as the recognition stages of particular LIPs are still little known. Surpris- ingly, Polish contribution to this expanding topic may be larger than expected, as exemplified by the issue of field exploration of the largest continental LIP in Siberia. The first exhaustive data were provided in 1873 by Aleksander Czekanowski (1833–1876), a Polish geologist, educated at the universities of Kiev and Dorpat (Tartu),who was exiled by the Russian authorities to Siberia for participation in organizing the Polish January Uprising in 1863. He G. Racki led several large expeditions to distant parts of Siberia, also in the Ni¿nyja (Lower) Tunguska basin. In the summer of 1873, he discovered numerous exposures of basalt lava floods in the tableland along this river, starting from the area between Preobrazhenka and Jerbogachyan. The observations were announced by letters systematically pub- lished in “Izvestiya Imperatorskogo Russkogo Geograficheskogo Obshchestva”. As the most important result of the expedition, he quoted in 1876: “the discovery of previously unknown area of igneous rocks of so large extent that it exceeds the size of any other of its kind”. In his diaries, published posthumously in 1896, Czekanowski described the trap locations in detail, documented in many sketches and cross-sections. -
Stanisław Burkot Peregrinare Necesse Est
Stanisław Burkot Peregrinare necesse est... Literary Studies in Poland 22, 103-124 1990 Literary Studies in Poland PL ISSN 0137-4192 Stanisław Burkot Peregrinare necesse est...* 1 Travelling, not out of one’s own choice, but out of necessity, or rather under constraint, is as old as wars and conquests. Victorious armies used to drive crowds of prisoners of war and slaves and employed them for their own purposes. The history of the Russian conquest of Siberia, undoubtedly a form of great colonial processes characteristic of European policy from the discoveries of Christopher Columbus,1 started in the 16th century when a Cossak attaman, Yermak, escaped his death sentence as far as the Urals and was hired there by the Stroganovs. Yermak recruited a small army for the Stroganovs and organized the first armed expeditions against the tribes who lived in Central Asia. The population of Central Asia and Siberia was composed of the Turkic, Mongol and Paleo-Asiatic peoples, the Manchurians, Somoyeds, Uigurs and some Tunguistic tribes. Very early Russia started employing adventurers, outlaws and prisoners to extend her colonization in Siberia. This was the begin ning of the institution of zsylka, that is, the adm inistrative deporta tion of people to Siberia, which continued incessantly for a few hundred years. In the first half of the 19th century, the century we are particular * A part of Chapter III of Polskie podróżopisarstwo romantyczne (Polish Romantic Travel Books), Warszawa 1988. 1 The process of colonial expansion in Siberia started even earlier. In the 13th cent, the boyars of Novogrod started to subordinate Pomoriye, the coasts of the Arctic Sea, which opened the way to the areas beyond the Urals from the North.