DOCSLIB.ORG

Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice (2020)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice (2020) THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS This PDF is available at http://nap.edu/25636 SHARE Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice (2020) DETAILS 265 pages | 6 x 9 | PAPERBACK ISBN 978-0-309-66982-5 | DOI 10.17226/25636 CONTRIBUTORS GET THIS BOOK Susan Scrimshaw and Emily P. Backes, Editors; Committee on Assessing Health Outcomes by Birth Settings; Board on Children, Youth, and Families; Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education; Health and Medicine Division; FIND RELATED TITLES National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine SUGGESTED CITATION National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 2020. Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice . Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25636. Visit the National Academies Press at NAP.edu and login or register to get: – Access to free PDF downloads of thousands of scientific reports – 10% off the price of print titles – Email or social media notifications of new titles related to your interests – Special offers and discounts Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. (Request Permission) Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice Prepublication Copy Uncorrected Proofs BIRTH SETTINGS IN AMERICA: OUTCOMES, QUALITY, ACCESS, AND CHOICE Committee on Assessing Health Outcomes by Birth Settings Susan Scrimshaw and Emily P. Backes, Editors Board on Children, Youth, and Families Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education Health and Medicine Division A Consensus Study Report of Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice PREPUBLICATION COPY, UNCORRECTED PROOFS THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 This activity was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and National Institutes of Health (#HHSN26300013). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project. International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-XXXXX-X International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-XXXXX-X Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25636 Additional copies of this publication are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu. Copyright 2020 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Birth Settings in America: Improving Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25636. Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice PREPUBLICATION COPY, UNCORRECTED PROOFS The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. John L. Anderson is president. The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president. The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine. Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org. Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice PREPUBLICATION COPY, UNCORRECTED PROOFS Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and the committee’s deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and independent peer-review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task. Proceedings published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine chronicle the presentations and discussions at a workshop, symposium, or other event convened by the National Academies. The statements and opinions contained in proceedings are those of the participants and are not endorsed by other participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies. For information about other products and activities of the National Academies, please visit www.nationalacademies.org/about/whatwedo. Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice PREPUBLICATION COPY, UNCORRECTED PROOFS COMMITTEE ON ASSESSING HEALTH OUTCOMES BY BIRTH SETTINGS SUSAN C. SCRIMSHAW, (Chair), Former President, The Sage Colleges JILL ALLIMAN, Frontier Nursing University WANDA BARFIELD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (resigned March 2019) MELISSA CHEYNEY, Oregon State University MICHELLE R. COLLINS, Rush University College of Nursing BROWNSYNE TUCKER EDMONDS, Indiana University School of Medicine WENDY GORDON, Bastyr University MARIAN FRANCES MACDORMAN, Maryland Population Research Center M. KATHRYN MENARD, University of North Carolina KAREN MILGATE, Karen Milgate Health Policy Consulting JOCHEN PROFIT, Stanford University CAROL SAKALA, National Partnership for Women & Families NEEL SHAH, Harvard Medical School and Ariadne Labs KATHLEEN RICE SIMPSON, Mercy Hospital Saint Louis RUTH E. ZAMBRANA, University of Maryland EMILY P. BACKES, Study Director ELIZABETH S. HOWE-HUIST, Associate Program Officer DARA SHEFSKA, Associate Program Officer MARY GHITELMAN, Senior Program Assistant LESLEY WEBB, Senior Program Assistant (through October 2019) LORI TREGO, NAM Distinguished Nurse Scholar-in-Residence (through August 2019) BRIDGET B. KELLY, Consultant ERIN HAMMERS FORSTAG, Technical Writer v Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice PREPUBLICATION COPY, UNCORRECTED PROOFS BOARD ON CHILDREN, YOUTH, AND FAMILIES ANGELA DIAZ, (Chair), Department of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai DAVID V. B. BRITT (Co-chair), Sesame Workshop (retired CEO) HAROLYN BELCHER, Kennedy Krieger Institute and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine RICHARD F. CATALANO, School of Social Work, University of Washington DIMITRI CHRISTAKIS, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, University of Washington JEFFREY W. HUTCHINSON, The Wade Alliance, LLC STEPHANIE J. MONROE, The Wrenwood Group, LLC JAMES M. PERRIN, Harvard Medical School and MassGeneral Hospital for Children NISHA SACHDEV, Bainum Family Foundation DONALD F. SCHWARZ, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation MARTÍN J. SEPÚLVEDA, IBM Corporation (retired) and CLARALUZ LLC MARTIN H. TEICHER, Developmental Biopsychiatry Research Program at McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School JONATHAN TODRES, Georgia State University College of Law NATACHA BLAIN, Director PAMELLA ATAYI, Program Coordinator vi Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice PREPUBLICATION COPY, UNCORRECTED PROOFS PREFACE The United States spends more on childbirth than any other country in the world, with worse outcomes than other high-resource countries, and even worse outcomes for women of color. Our Committee was charged with finding ways to improve these outcomes. We regarded this as an extraordinary opportunity to make recommendations to reverse a trend of increasing negative birth outcomes, do so more economically, and improve the childbirth experience for women and their families. For me, this assignment circled back over three decades to a series of multi-cultural research projects on childbirth, notably with colleagues Christine Dunkel-Schetter and Ruth Zambrana along with many others. Among other things, we did early work associating the experience of racism and low-birthweight for Black women and established
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Impact of Whole Systems Traditional Chinese Medicine on in Vitro Fertilization Outcomes
    HHS Public Access Author manuscript Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptReprod Author ManuscriptBiomed Online. Author Manuscript Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 June 01. Published in final edited form as: Reprod Biomed Online. 2015 June ; 30(6): 602–612. doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2015.02.005. Impact of Whole Systems Traditional Chinese Medicine on In Vitro Fertilization Outcomes Lee E. Hullender Rubina, Michael S. Opsahlb, Klaus Wiemerb, Scott D. Mistc, and Aaron B. Caugheyc aOregon College of Oriental Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 75 NW Couch St, Portland Oregon, 97210, USA bNorthwest Center for Reproductive Sciences, Kirkland, Washington; Poma Fertility, Kirkland, Washingon, USA cOregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA Abstract Patients undergoing IVF patients may receive either acupuncture or whole-systems traditional Chinese medicine (WS-TCM) as an adjuvant IVF treatment. WS-TCM is a complex intervention that can include acupuncture, Chinese herbal medicine, dietary, lifestyle recommendations, or both. In this retrospective cohort study, 1231 IVF patient records were reviewed to assess the effect of adjuvant WS-TCM on IVF outcomes compared among three groups: IVF with no additional treatment; IVF and elective acupuncture on day of embryo transfer; or IVF and elective WS-TCM. The primary outcome was live birth. Of 1069 non-donor cycles, WS-TCM was associated with greater odds of live birth compared with IVF alone (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36 to 3.21), or embryo transfer with acupuncture only (AOR 1.62; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.52). Of 162 donor cycles, WS-TCM was associated with increased live births compared with all groups (odds Ratio [OR] 3.72; 95% CI 1.05 to 13.24, unadjusted] or embryo transfer with acupuncture only (OR 4.09; 95% CI: 1.02 to 16.38, unadjusted).
    [Show full text]
  • Statement on Unassisted Birth Attended by a Doula
    Statement On Unassisted Birth Attended by a Doula _______________________________________________________ Definition Unassisted childbirth – the process of intentionally giving birth without the assistance of a medical or professional birth attendant – is a decision made by a very small percentage of parents. DONA International certified and member doulas provide physical, informational and emotional support. Any type of medical or clinical assistance is outside the scope of practice agreed upon by DONA International certified and member doulas. DONA International opines herein on the considerations a doula must make when accepting clients planning an unassisted birth. Introduction Unassisted childbirth (UC) refers to the process of intentionally giving birth without the assistance of a medical or professional birth attendant. UC is also sometimes referred to as free birth, DIY (do-it-yourself) birth, unhindered birth and couples birth. In response to the recent growth in interest over UC, several national medical societies, including the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canadai, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologistsii, and the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologistsiii, have issued strongly worded public statements warning against the practice. Professional midwives' associations, including the Royal College of Midwivesiv and the American College of Nurse-Midwivesv also caution against UC. Those who promote UCvi claim the practice offers mothers-to-be a natural way of welcoming their child into the world, free from drugs, machinery and medical intervention. They also note that UC allows a woman to listen to her body's signals rather than coaching from an outsider. The women who are choosing UC may do so because they do not feel supported and respected in the obstetrical care facilities available in their areas, or they are unable to afford or obtain home midwifery or physician support, which is more in line with their philosophies.
    [Show full text]
  • Birthing Outside the System: Trauma and Autonomy in Maternity Care
    PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/201204 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2021-10-07 and may be subject to change. Birthing outside the system: system: the Birthing outside Uitnodiging voor het bijwonen van de openbare verdediging van mijn proefschrift Birthing outside the system: trauma and autonomy in maternity care op dinsdag 19 maart 2019 om 14:30 uur in de Aula van de Radboud Universiteit trauma and autonomy in maternity care in maternity autonomy and trauma Comeniuslaan 2, Nijmegen. U bent van harte welkom bij deze plechtigheid en de aansluitende receptie. Martine Hollander [email protected] | Martine Helene Hollander Martine Helene Birthing outside the system: trauma and autonomy in maternity care Paranimfen Lianne Holten [email protected] Martine Helene Hollander Claire Stramrood [email protected] Birthing outside the system: trauma and autonomy in maternity care Martine Helene Hollander 528107-L-sub01-bw-Hollander Processed on: 23-1-2019 PDF page: 1 ISBN 978-94-028-1373-9 Design/lay-out Promotie In Zicht, Arnhem Print Ipskamp Printing, Enschede © M.H. Hollander, 2019 All rights are reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, distributed, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without prior written permission of the author. 528107-L-sub01-bw-Hollander Processed on: 23-1-2019 PDF page: 2 Birthing outside the system: trauma and autonomy in maternity care Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen op gezag van de rector magnificus prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Experiences of Women Who Have Planned Unassisted Home Births: a Systematic Review Protocol
    SYSTEMATIC REVIEW PROTOCOL Experiences of women who have planned unassisted home births: a systematic review protocol 1 1 2,3 Danielle Macdonald Josephine Etowa Melissa Helwig 1School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, 2W.K. Kellogg Health Sciences Library, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada, and 3Aligning Health Needs and Evidence for Transformative Change (AH-NET-C): a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence Review question/objective: The objective of this review is to identify, appraise and synthesize the qualitative evidence on the experiences of women in high resource countries who have planned unassisted home births. This qualitative review aims to answer the following question: what are the experiences of women who have planned unassisted home births? Keywords Freebirth; unassisted birth; unassisted home birth JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep 2019; 17(1):16–21. Introduction urging of physicians for reasons such as safety and 11 here are many decisions that women and family hygiene. This new, innovative medical model of birthing in hospitals slowly became normative after T members face as they prepare for the birth of a 12 new child. Place of birth and the type of healthcare World War II. As women and families came to provider for perinatal care are two common consid- associate hospital birth with safety, their interest and erations for women and families. For many women, trust in home births dwindled. In countries like a hospital is the preferred location for labor and Canada and the United States, in the 1970–80 s delivery, attended by a physician.1 Increasingly, in the home birth movement emerged in response to high resource countries,2,3 women and families are the misuse of obstetrical interventions, less than ideal birthing experiences and lack of choice for non- choosing to have midwifery care and home births 12 attended by midwives.4 normative ways of birthing.
    [Show full text]
  • Home Birth in Saskatchewan
    Home Birth in Saskatchewan Childbirth is a life-changing experience. Many expectant parents may want to take some time to research, explore, and think about their choices for childbirth and the type of birth experience they want to have. There are personal, cultural, religious, medical, economic, and other reasons why some women may prefer one birth setting over another. Both home and hospital births are valid, well-researched options. When considering a home (out of hospital) birth, some women may consider an unassisted home delivery, also known as a “freebirth”. This is when women choose to birth at home without a licensed prenatal care provider (i.e., family physician, registered midwife, or obstetrician). Instead, they give birth by themselves or with other unlicensed birth attendants, such as doulas, friends, or their partners. All women want to have a positive birth experience and a healthy baby. It is possible for women to plan for the childbirth experience they want, while still working with a licensed prenatal care provider. It takes open and honest communication between women, partners, and healthcare providers. This resource is designed for pregnant women who are thinking about having a home delivery unassisted by a licensed prenatal care provider. It highlights the importance of having a licensed prenatal care provider present. This resource also outlines the potential risks of having an unassisted home delivery. Women can use this information to make informed decisions about their childbirth. It is important for women to know that if they birth at home without a licensed prenatal care provider, both they and their babies are at an increased risk of poor health outcomes.
    [Show full text]
  • Birthing Outside the System: Trauma and Autonomy in Maternity Care
    Birthing outside the system: trauma and autonomy in maternity care Martine Helene Hollander Birthing outside the system: trauma and autonomy in maternity care Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen op gezag van de rector magnificus prof. dr. J.H.J.M. van Krieken, volgens besluit van het college van decanen in het openbaar te verdedigen op dinsdag 19 maart 2019 om 14.30 uur precies door ISBN 978-94-028-1373-9 Design/lay-out Martine Helene Hollander Promotie In Zicht, Arnhem geboren op 11 januari 1975 te Leiderdorp Print Ipskamp Printing, Enschede © M.H. Hollander, 2019 All rights are reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, distributed, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without prior written permission of the author. Promotoren Contents Prof. dr. F.P.H.A. Vandenbussche Prof. dr. J.A.M. van der Post (Amsterdam UMC) Chapter 1 General introduction 7 Copromotoren Chapter 2 Women refusing standard obstetric care: maternal-fetal conflict 19 Dr. J. van Dillen or doctor-patient conflict? Legal and ethical considerations Dr. E. de Miranda (Amsterdam UMC) Chapter 3 Women’s motivations for choosing a high risk birth setting 31 Manuscriptcommissie against medical advice in the Netherlands: a qualitative analysis Prof. dr. A.E.M. Speckens Chapter 4 Fulfilling a need. Holistic midwifery in the Netherlands: 59 Prof. dr. S.A. Scherjon (Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen) a qualitative analysis Dr. A. de Jonge (Amsterdam UMC) Chapter 5 ‘She convinced me’- Partner involvement in choosing a high 91 risk birth setting against medical advice in the Netherlands: a qualitative analysis.
    [Show full text]
  • Freebirth, Unassisted Pregnancy and Unassisted Birth • Aims.Org.Uk
    Page 1 of 6 Freebirth, Unassisted Pregnancy and Unassisted Birth • aims.org.uk Freebirth, Unassisted Pregnancy and Unassisted Birth What are freebirth and unassisted childbirth? There is no specific definition of freebirth, but broadly speaking, a woman freebirths when she intentionally gives birth to her baby without a midwife or doctor present. Some women prefer to use the term ‘unassisted childbirth’ or UC to describe this. This is different from the situation where a mother births without medical support unintentionally, either because a midwife refuses to attend a homebirth or because she births before her midwife can get there. The latter is classed as Born Before Arrival (BBA). Freebirthing is an entirely legal thing to do, but freebirthers often report stigma and condemnation for giving birth this way. The legal position is explained in this factsheet from the charity Birthrights www.birthrights.org.uk/factsheets/unassisted-birth Freebirth is an umbrella term for a variety of pregnancy and birthing journeys. What is unassisted pregnancy? Freebirthers may choose to have some, all, or no antenatal care. ‘Unassisted pregnancy’ is the term most frequently used to describe the situation when a woman decides to have no antenatal care from a midwife or doctor at all. Women are not obliged to inform any health services about their pregnancies, as antenatal care is offered and not compulsory. Most freebirthing women do register their pregnancies with a midwife or GP. However, a small number of women will decide not to. An unassisted pregnancy is an active, legitimate and legal decision to not pursue antenatal care, and it should be respected as such.
    [Show full text]
  • Unassisted Birth Among the Piro of Amazonian Peru
    JASO 3111 (2000): 31-43 WOMEN'S STRENGTH: UNASSISTED BIRTH AMONG THE PIRO OF AMAZONIAN PERU LUISA EL VI RA BELAUNDE OF all the exploits attributed to indigenous women by colonists in the Amazon, the alleged ability to give birth unaided might be closer to reality than fantasy. Amongst several indigenous groups, women do give birth unassisted or with very little help, in spite of growing pressure from medical institutions to introduce mod­ em midwifery ~n the area. The widespread practice of unassisted birth, however, has largely escaped social analysis and is usually mentioned solely as a matter of factual description. For instance, in his ethnography of the Colombian Cubeo, Goldman (1963: 167) states: 'I have seen a pregnant woman leave for her manioc garden and return later in the afternoon with a new-born baby'. A similar account is found in Cardenas's study of the Peruvian Shipibo: 'When the moment of the delivery approaches, the woman looks for an isolated spot-generally she goes into the forest-and she gives birth without help or witnesses. This form of self­ reliant delivery is a sign of feminine pride and decorum' (1989: 215, my transla­ tion). Both ethnographic studies report that assistance for the delivery is provided in advance only in the case of first-time mothers or if complications are expected at birth following a difficult pregnancy. We are told that women usually prefer to I am particularly grateful to the people of Diamante for their hospitality and help. A pre­ vious version of this paper was presented at the University of F1orianapolis, Brazil, and the University of Manchester, UK.
    [Show full text]
  • Disenfranchised Grief in Postpartum Women: a Heuristic Inquiry Into Women's Lived Experience of Loss of the Dreamed-Of Birth
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Doctorate in Social Work (DSW) Dissertations School of Social Policy and Practice Fall 10-9-2015 Disenfranchised Grief In Postpartum Women: A Heuristic Inquiry Into Women's Lived Experience Of Loss Of The Dreamed-of Birth Rumyana P. Kudeva University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations_sp2 Part of the Maternal and Child Health Commons, Maternal, Child Health and Neonatal Nursing Commons, Other Mental and Social Health Commons, Social Work Commons, and the Women's Studies Commons Recommended Citation Kudeva, Rumyana P., "Disenfranchised Grief In Postpartum Women: A Heuristic Inquiry Into Women's Lived Experience Of Loss Of The Dreamed-of Birth" (2015). Doctorate in Social Work (DSW) Dissertations. 72. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations_sp2/72 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations_sp2/72 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Disenfranchised Grief In Postpartum Women: A Heuristic Inquiry Into Women's Lived Experience Of Loss Of The Dreamed-of Birth Abstract Abstract DISENFRANCHISED GRIEF IN POSTPARTUM WOMEN: A HEURISTIC INQUIRY INTO WOMEN’S LIVED EXPERIENCE OF LOSS OF THE DREAMED-OF BIRTH Rumyana P. Kudeva, MSW, LCSW Jeffrey Applegate, PhD The childbearing year is of upmost significance in a woman’s life, carrying inherent possibilities of empowerment and self-actualization. Most women create a vision of their “dreamed-of birth” that represents their beliefs about birth and their role in the process. However women’s expectations about birth are often subverted by the authoritative knowledge and practices of the Western maternity care system or by the unpredictable nature of the birth itself.
    [Show full text]
  • An Examination of Risk Perception Amongst Obstetricians and Certified Rp Ofessional Midwives in Missouri Allison R
    Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship Undergraduate Theses—Unrestricted Spring 4-21-2013 Risking It: An Examination of Risk Perception Amongst Obstetricians and Certified rP ofessional Midwives in Missouri Allison R. Horan Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/undergrad_open Part of the Medicine and Health Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Horan, Allison R., "Risking It: An Examination of Risk Perception Amongst Obstetricians and Certified Professional Midwives in Missouri" (2013). Undergraduate Theses—Unrestricted. 6. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/undergrad_open/6 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Theses—Unrestricted by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Risking It An Examination of Risk Perception Amongst Obstetricians and Certified Professional Midwives in Missouri Allison Horan Washington University in Saint Louis Department of Anthropology Senior Honors Thesis Dr. Carolyn Sargent, advisor Dr. Lewis Wall, reader Dr. Barbara Baumgartner, reader ABSTRACT The concept of risk is pervasive in contemporary discussions of childbirth –both amongst professionals and consumers. While risk is often presented as an objective entity, in reality it is an elusive concept to define, particularly within the context of maternity care. Since the nineteenth century, obstetricians and midwives have conceptualized the risks of birth differently. This thesis examines how two groups of practitioners in Missouri, obstetricians (OBs) and certified professional midwives (CPMs), perceive risk in pregnancy and childbirth.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rules of Maternity, 84 Tenn
    Penn State Law eLibrary Journal Articles Faculty Works 2017 The Rules of aM ternity Dara Purvis Penn State Law Follow this and additional works at: http://elibrary.law.psu.edu/fac_works Part of the Family Law Commons, Health Law and Policy Commons, and the Law and Gender Commons Recommended Citation Dara Purvis, The Rules of Maternity, 84 Tenn. L. Rev. 367 (2017). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Works at Penn State Law eLibrary. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal Articles by an authorized administrator of Penn State Law eLibrary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE RULES OF MATERNITY DARA E. PURVIs* INTRODUCTION. ...................................... ..... 368 I. AUTONOMY WITHIN MOTHERHOOD ................... 371 II. RULE 1: YOUR BODY IS YOUR CHILD'S VESSEL .. ........... 377 A. Drug Use During Pregnancy ................ ...... 379 B. Risks during Pregnancy as Torts ............. ..... 387 C. Self-harm as Child Abuse... .................... 390 D. Keeping the Vessel Alive.................. ....... 391 III. RULE 2: DOCTOR KNOWS BEST ... ...................... 394 IV. RULE 3: MOTHERS MUST ALWAYS PROTECT ....... ........ 402 A. Failureto Protect ......................... ..... 402 B. Failure to ProtectBoth Yourself and Your Child............. 405 C. Failure to Protect and Immigration ................ 409 V. RULE 4: GOOD MOTHERHOOD IS A NARROW ROAD .................. 410 A. The Importance and Danger of Breastfeeding.................. 410 B. Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy/Medical Abuse............ 419 C. Helicopter Versus Free Range Mothering.... ........ 426 VI. RULE 5: ONLY SOME WOMEN NEED APPLY ...... ......... 430 A. PotentialMothers in Prison ................ ...... 431 B. PotentialMothers on Probation .......................... 432 C. PotentialMothers on Welfare............................ 434 D. Free Range Redux- Not if You're Poor.....
    [Show full text]
  • Births Prompt Alarm
    news-apr5_Layout 1 16/03/11 10:48 AM Page 648 News the wheat from the chaff when it comes “everything that seems simple may not Safety Commission’s National Electronic to online advice, videos give people be to everybody.” Injury Surveillance System reveals a who are considering self-treatment a While Canadians are less likely than litany of botched attempts to remove leg better sense of what they’re getting their American counterparts to “rifle casts with paint thinner, moles with nail into, says Zaugg. “You don’t need a lot their own medicine cabinets” rather clippers, dry skin with razors and teeth of medical knowledge to perform cer- than see a doctor for financial reasons, with screwdrivers, among other do-it- tain procedures. In almost all cases, the Goldman says wait times in Canada are yourself medicine failures (www.cpsc main risks you run are infection or cut- motivation enough for some people to .gov /cgibin/NEISSQuery /ExportFile .aspx ting into something you shouldn’t, but shirk professional care. ?FileName=/download/nss20027.tsv). that doesn’t mean the knowledge “A woman I know was scheduled Most common are the “people who should be inaccessible for anyone who for an appointment at an orthopedic have a lump on their skin and are certain wants to put the time and effort into clinic to have surgical pins removed they have an abscess, so they squeeze learning. I think everything a doctor from her foot. She arrived on time for it,” putting themselves at risk of “partic- learns, your average intelligent person her appointment at eight in the morn- ularly serious” blood-borne infections, can learn without a degree.” ing, and was kept waiting until four in says Goldman.
    [Show full text]