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Venezuela - Researched and Compiled by the Refugee Documentation Centre of Ireland on Wednesday 31 May & Thursday 1 June 2017

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Venezuela - Researched and Compiled by the Refugee Documentation Centre of Ireland on Wednesday 31 May & Thursday 1 June 2017 Venezuela - Researched and compiled by the Refugee Documentation Centre of Ireland on Wednesday 31 May & Thursday 1 June 2017 Information on a student protest/demonstration of a political nature against the government on 12 February 2014 in Caracas including specifically in the Altamira or Plaza Venezuela districts of Caracas; information on violence used during the protest by the police and/or military and/or civilian militia in support of the government against the protestors In February 2014 Human Rights Watch states: “Students and opposition groups organized more than a dozen demonstrations throughout the country on February 12 to protest the detention of students during marches in previous days. Several of the February 12 protests ended with violent incidents, news accounts said…Students in Caracas marched through the city to the entrance of the Attorney General's Office, where violent clashes broke out. Attorney General Luisa Ortega Díaz said that two people were killed, several others -- including government officials -- were injured, and four official cars were set on fire. The official media reported that "violent groups who were with the demonstrators" attacked the office. A third person was killed later that day in the municipality of Chacao. According to the attorney general, 69 people were detained during the incidents” (Human Rights Watch (13 February 2014) Venezuela: Investigate Violence During Protests). Agence France Presse in February 2014 notes: “Two people died and 23 were injured as rival protests linked to Venezuela's deepening economic crisis exploded into violence on Wednesday, a prosecutor said. A pro-government demonstrator and a student were killed as demonstrations both for and against Venezuela's government escalated. "We have two dead, unfortunately a member of the (pro-government) group Juan Montoya, shot dead, and student Bassil DaCosta, also shot dead," as well as 23 injured, said Attorney General Luisa Ortega Diaz. Unidentified assailants earlier fired into a rally outside the attorney general's office in Caracas -- one of several held by both supporters and foes of the government over President Nicolas Maduro's handling of Venezuela's ailing economy” (Agence France Presse (12 February 2014) Two dead, 23 hurt in Venezuela protests). A report released in February 2014 by BBC News notes: “At least three people were shot dead as violence erupted during anti-government protests in the Venezuelan capital, Caracas, on Wednesday. The violence broke out after some 10,000 demonstrators had gone home following a mainly peaceful rally. Two people died after gunmen on motorbikes opened fire on the remaining crowd. A third died in later clashes” (BBC News (13 February 2014) Venezuela student protest ends in deadly violence). ISH Global Insight in February 2014 notes: “At least three people were killed during violent protests in Caracas, Venezuela, on 12 February amid claims by the opposition that security forces and pro-government armed groups are cracking down and persecuting dissidents. The protests were led by student groups and members of the country's political opposition…The protest in Caracas, organised by the Popular Will (Voluntad Popular: VP) party, was attacked yesterday by pro-government gunmen on a motorcycle in front of the General Prosecutor's Office in Caracas. One university student died in the incident and two protesters were shot. Twenty-six others have also been reported injured and at least 50 protesters have been arrested. A minority of opposition protesters has been confronting the police with stones but the majority of opposition supporters have been staging their protests peacefully and listening to a speech by Leopoldo Lopez, the leader of VP. After the attack against the protest, opposition protesters burned five vehicles from the judicial technical police (CICPC) and damaged the General Prosecutor's Office premises. Later that night, another opposition protester was killed in Chacao after confronting the police. Individuals joining pro-government demonstrations also face death and injury risks. Diosdado Cabello, the head of the national assembly and the deputy head of the ruling United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV), claimed that a pro-government supporter - who was later identified as a former police officer - was also killed 200 metres from the protest. Onlookers face risks from what can be indiscriminate use of force by security forces. The deployment of armed pro-government groups known as "Colectivos" by the government to intimidate students and opposition protesters increases the risk of physical harm, robbery, and vandalism. These groups are often armed with firearms, tear gas canisters, stones, and sticks. Some mobilise on motorbikes and are often protected by the security forces, there have been cases of them opening fire against opposition protesters. Videos and photos shared on social media have shown pro- government groups carrying weapons, harming individuals, and vandalising vehicles” (IHS Global Insight (13 February 2014) Venezuelan protests indicate increased discontent with the government and rising civil unrest risks). A report issued in February 2014 by the Agence France Presse points out that: “About 2,000 students took the streets of the Venezuelan capital to protest the leftist government Thursday, a day after three people were shot dead and dozens injured. Walking a few hundred meters (yards) to the west, where a young opposition protester died Wednesday, they complained of government violence and "oppression." "Who are we? Students. What do we want? Freedom," they shouted, attracting no notable police response in Altamira Plaza, a traditional meeting place for anti-government protesters in Caracas's Chacao municipality. A day earlier, thousands protested against rampant crime, inflation and shortages of basic goods in the biggest challenge to President Nicolas Maduro since he took over from the late Hugo Chavez last year…The victims of Wednesday's violence were a pro- government demonstrator and two student opposition protesters. At least 80 people were detained, including a photographer and reporter covering the protest, the journalists union said” (Agence France Presse (14 February 2014) Students launch fresh protests in Venezuela). The Committee to Protect Journalists in February 2014 states that: “NTN24 was the only station available to TV viewers in Venezuela that provided extensive live coverage of the protests, Correa told CPJ. Nearly all TV stations in Venezuela, which are either controlled or allied with the government of President Nicolas Maduro, ignored the street marches that were instigated by university students early this week and spread to several cities. The English-language Caracas Chronicles news website noted that while the Plaza Venezuela in downtown Caracas was filled with protesters on Wednesday, the country's main TV stations aired entertainment programmes like "La Bomba"” (Committee to Protect Journalists (14 February 2014) Venezuela takes Colombian news TV off air over protest coverage). El Universal in February 2014 notes: “Caracas - The capital and several states awoke today with the strong presence of National Guard armoured cars and water gun trucks. Some of the military vehicles are located at ministry headquarters and the area surrounding La Carlota. Two armoured vehicles were also reported on the Prados del Este Highway, Altamira, and Plaza Venezuela” (El Universal (14 February 2014) Armoured vehicles seen in several Venezuelan states after 12 February protests). The New York Times in February 2014 states: “Top government officials on Thursday blamed a prominent opposition leader for unrest that resulted in three deaths, amid growing tension over antigovernment protests…The violence came after thousands of government opponents on Wednesday took part in the largest protest march since the days immediately after the narrow election victory in April of President Nicolás Maduro. Mr. López, who spoke at the protest, has been active in organizing similar, though smaller, rallies throughout the country in recent weeks. The march, through the center of Caracas, unfolded peacefully, but afterward a few hundred young people, mostly men, stayed, and some threw rocks and chunks of concrete at the riot police, who responded with tear gas. At one point, the protesters, many with their faces covered by T-shirts or bandannas, threw projectiles at the headquarters of the national prosecutor's office, breaking a few windows on the second floor of the concrete and glass skyscraper. Five police vehicles were set on fire nearby. During clashes near the prosecutor's office and in a separate part of the city later in the day, three people were shot to death, officials said. Two were identified as protesters, and one was described as a government supporter. It was not clear who opened fire in each shooting, but each side blamed the other for the violence, with government officials naming Mr. López as the ''intellectual author'' of the unrest…The shootings in the capital came as protests against the government, often headed by university students in smaller cities elsewhere in the country, had been building in recent days. Wednesday's march was called to demand the release of several students arrested in the earlier protests. But the march included many who were not students, most of them longtime opponents of the socialist government, which was led for 14 years by Mr. Maduro's predecessor, Hugo Chávez, who died last March…The police stayed well away from the rampaging youths around the prosecutor's office until their vehicles were set afire. Then, plainclothes and uniformed officers rushed a small park in front of the office, grabbing people indiscriminately, pummeling them, pushing them to the ground and kicking them. Most of the protesters were gone by then, so many of those beaten by the police were news photographers and cameramen” (New York Times (14 February 2014) Opposition Leader Is Blamed for Venezuelan Unrest). Human Rights Watch in April 2014 notes: “…the Plaza Altamira, the main square in Caracas where protesters have gathered since February 12” (Human Rights Watch (9 April 2014) The Real Threat to Venezuela’s Democracy).
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