Methyl Hydrazine Hazard Summary Identification

Common Name: METHYL HYDRAZINE

CAS Number: 60-34-4 DOT Number: UN 1244 (PIH) RTK Substance number: 1265 DOT Hazard Class: 6.1 (Poison) Date: May 1998 Revision: July 2005 ------

HAZARD SUMMARY HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING * Methyl Hydrazine can affect you when breathed in and by EXPOSED passing through your skin. The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most employers to * Methyl Hydrazine should be handled as a label chemicals in the workplace and requires public CARCINOGEN--WITH EXTREME CAUTION. employers to provide their employees with information and * Methyl Hydrazine is a HIGHLY CORROSIVE training concerning chemical hazards and controls. The federal CHEMICAL and contact can severely irritate and burn the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, 1910.1200, requires skin and eyes with possible eye damage. private employers to provide similar training and information * Breathing Methyl Hydrazine can irritate the nose and to their employees. throat. * Breathing Methyl Hydrazine can irritate the lungs causing * Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely coughing and/or shortness of breath. Higher exposures may evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area air cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), a samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results from medical emergency, with severe shortness of breath. your employer. You have a legal right to this information * High levels can interfere with the ability of the blood to under OSHA 1910.1020. carry Oxygen causing headache, fatigue, dizziness, and a * If you think you are experiencing any work-related health blue color to the skin and lips (methemoglobinemia). problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational Higher levels can cause trouble breathing, collapse and diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you. even death. * ODOR THRESHOLD = 1.7 ppm. * Exposure to Methyl Hydrazine may cause excitability, * The range of accepted odor threshold values is quite broad. nausea, vomiting, tremors, convulsions and death. Caution should be used in relying on odor alone as a * Methyl Hydrazine may damage the liver and kidneys. warning of potentially hazardous exposures. * Methyl Hydrazine is a FLAMMABLE and REACTIVE chemical and a DANGEROUS FIRE and EXPLOSION WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS HAZARD. OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit * Methyl Hydrazine is a DOT Poison Inhalation Hazard (PEL) is 0.2 ppm, not to be exceeded at any time. (PIH). NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 0.04 ppm, which should not be exceeded during IDENTIFICATION any 2-hour period. Methyl Hydrazine is a clear, colorless liquid with an ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is Ammonia-like odor. It is used in missile propellants, as a 0.01 ppm averaged over an 8-hour workshift. solvent, and in making other chemicals. * Methyl Hydrazine may be a CARCINOGEN in humans. REASON FOR CITATION There may be no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen, so * Methyl Hydrazine is on the Hazardous Substance List all contact should be reduced to the lowest possible level. because it is regulated by OSHA and cited by ACGIH, * The above exposure limits are for air levels only. When DOT, NIOSH, DEP, NFPA and EPA. skin contact also occurs, you may be overexposed, even * This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance though air levels are less than the limits listed above. List because it is a CARCINOGEN and is FLAMMABLE, REACTIVE and CORROSIVE. * Definitions are provided on page 5.

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WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE Other Long-Term Effects * Enclose operations and use local exhaust ventilation at the * Methyl Hydrazine may damage the liver and kidneys. site of chemical release. If local exhaust ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be worn. MEDICAL * Wear protective work clothing. * Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Methyl Medical Testing Hydrazine and at the end of the workshift. Before beginning employment and at regular times after that (at * Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In least annually), the following are recommended: addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort, communicate all information on the health and safety * Lung function tests. hazards of Methyl Hydrazine to potentially exposed workers. If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the following are recommended: ------This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all * Consider chest x-ray after acute overexposure. potential and most severe health hazards that may result from * Liver and kidney function tests. exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance * Blood methemoglobin level. and other factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential effects described below. Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and ------present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already done are not a substitute for controlling HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION exposure.

Acute Health Effects Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur to this information under OSHA 1910.1020. immediately or shortly after exposure to Methyl Hydrazine: Mixed Exposures * Contact can severely irritate and burn the skin and eyes * Because smoking can cause heart disease, as well as lung with possible eye damage. cancer, emphysema, and other respiratory problems, it may * Breathing Methyl Hydrazine can irritate the nose and worsen respiratory conditions caused by chemical exposure. throat. Even if you have smoked for a long time, stopping now will * Breathing Methyl Hydrazine can irritate the lungs causing reduce your risk of developing health problems. coughing and/or shortness of breath. Higher exposures may * Because more than light alcohol consumption can cause cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), a liver damage, drinking alcohol can increase the liver medical emergency, with severe shortness of breath. damage caused by Methyl Hydrazine. * High levels can interfere with the ability of the blood to carry Oxygen causing headache, fatigue, dizziness, and a WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES blue color to the skin and lips (methemoglobinemia). Higher levels can cause trouble breathing, collapse and Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous even death. substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most * Exposure to Methyl Hydrazine may cause excitability, effective way of reducing exposure. The best protection is to nausea, vomiting, tremors, convulsions and death. enclose operations and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical release. Isolating operations can also Chronic Health Effects reduce exposure. Using respirators or protective equipment is The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at less effective than the controls mentioned above, but is some time after exposure to Methyl Hydrazine and can last for sometimes necessary. months or years: In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: Cancer Hazard (1) how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the * Methyl Hydrazine may be a CARCINOGEN in humans substance is released into the workplace and (3) whether since it has been shown to cause lung and liver cancer in harmful skin or eye contact could occur. Special controls animals. should be in place for highly toxic chemicals or when * Many scientists believe there is no safe level of exposure to significant skin, eye, or breathing exposures are possible. a carcinogen. In addition, the following controls are recommended: Reproductive Hazard * There is limited evidence that Methyl Hydrazine is a * Where possible, automatically pump liquid Methyl teratogen in animals. Until further testing has been done, it Hydrazine from drums or other storage containers to should be treated as a possible teratogen in humans. process containers.

* Before entering a confined space where Methyl Hydrazine * Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this may be present, check to make sure that an explosive substance. concentration does not exist. Respiratory Protection Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. exposures. The following work practices are recommended: Such equipment should only be used if the employer has a written program that takes into account workplace conditions, * Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by Methyl requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing and Hydrazine should change into clean clothing promptly. medical exams, as described in OSHA 1910.134. * Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals who have been informed of the hazards of * Where the potential exists for exposure over 0.01 ppm, use exposure to Methyl Hydrazine. a NIOSH approved supplied-air respirator with a full * Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate facepiece operated in a pressure-demand or other positive- work area for emergency use. pressure mode. For increased protection use in combination * If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus shower facilities should be provided. operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure * On skin contact with Methyl Hydrazine, immediately wash mode. or shower to remove the chemical. At the end of the * Exposure to 20 ppm is immediately dangerous to life and workshift, wash any areas of the body that may have health. If the possibility of exposure above 20 ppm exists, contacted Methyl Hydrazine, whether or not known skin use a NIOSH approved self-contained breathing apparatus contact has occurred. with a full facepiece operated in a pressure-demand or other * Do not eat, smoke, or drink where Methyl Hydrazine is positive-pressure mode equipped with an emergency escape handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be air cylinder. swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating, drinking, smoking, or using the toilet. HANDLING AND STORAGE

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT * Prior to working with Methyl Hydrazine you should be trained on its proper handling and storage. WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN * Methyl Hydrazine may explode when HEATED or on PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. However, for contact with OXYGEN; METAL OXIDES (such as IRON some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry, jobs OXIDES, COPPER OXIDES and LEAD OXIDES); and done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace OXIDIZING AGENTS (such as PERCHLORATES, controls are being installed), personal protective equipment PEROXIDES, PERMANGANATES, CHLORATES, may be appropriate. NITRATES, CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE). * Methyl Hydrazine must be stored to avoid contact with OSHA 1910.132 requires employers to determine the STRONG ACIDS (such as HYDROCHLORIC, appropriate personal protective equipment for each hazard and SULFURIC and NITRIC); AIR; POROUS MATERIALS to train employees on how and when to use protective (such as EARTH, ASBESTOS, WOOD or CLOTH); and equipment. CYANIDES since violent reactions occur. * Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated The following recommendations are only guidelines and may area. not apply to every situation. * Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are

prohibited where Methyl Hydrazine is used, handled, or Clothing stored. * Avoid skin contact with Methyl Hydrazine. Wear solvent- * Metal containers involving the transfer of Methyl resistant gloves and clothing. Safety equipment suppliers/ Hydrazine should be grounded and bonded. manufacturers can provide recommendations on the most * Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially protective glove/clothing material for your operation. when opening and closing containers of Methyl * Safety equipment manufacturers recommend Tychem Hydrazine. 10000® and Responder® as protective materials. * Wherever Methyl Hydrazine is used, handled, * All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) manufactured, or stored, use explosion-proof electrical should be clean, available each day, and put on before equipment and fittings. work.

Eye Protection QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS * Wear indirect-vent, impact and splash resistant goggles when working with liquids. Q: If I have acute health effects, will I later get chronic * Wear a face shield along with goggles when working with health effects? corrosive, highly irritating or toxic substances. A: Not always. Most chronic (long-term) effects result from repeated exposures to a chemical. METHYL HYDRAZINE page 4 of 6

Q: Can I get long-term effects without ever having short------term effects? The following information is available from: A: Yes, because long-term effects can occur from repeated exposures to a chemical at levels not high enough to make New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services you immediately sick. Occupational Health Service PO Box 360 Q: What are my chances of getting sick when I have been Trenton, NJ 08625-0360 exposed to chemicals? (609) 984-1863 A: The likelihood of becoming sick from chemicals is (609) 984-7407 (fax) increased as the amount of exposure increases. This is determined by the length of time and the amount of Web address: http://www.state.nj.us/health/eoh/odisweb/ material to which someone is exposed. Industrial Hygiene Information Q: When are higher exposures more likely? Industrial hygienists are available to answer your questions A: Conditions which increase risk of exposure include regarding the control of chemical exposures using exhaust physical and mechanical processes (heating, pouring, ventilation, special work practices, good housekeeping, good spraying, spills and evaporation from large surface areas hygiene practices, and personal protective equipment including respirators. In addition, they can help to interpret the results of such as open containers), and "confined space" exposures industrial hygiene survey data. (working inside vats, reactors, boilers, small rooms, etc.).

Medical Evaluation Q: Is the risk of getting sick higher for workers than for If you think you are becoming sick because of exposure to community residents? chemicals at your workplace, you may call personnel at the A: Yes. Exposures in the community, except possibly in Department of Health and Senior Services, Occupational cases of fires or spills, are usually much lower than those Health Service, who can help you find the information you found in the workplace. However, people in the need. community may be exposed to contaminated water as well as to chemicals in the air over long periods. This Public Presentations may be a problem for children or people who are already Presentations and educational programs on occupational health ill. or the Right to Know Act can be organized for labor unions, trade associations and other groups. Q: Don't all chemicals cause cancer? A: No. Most chemicals tested by scientists are not cancer- Right to Know Information Resources causing. The Right to Know Infoline (609) 984-2202 can answer questions about the identity and potential health effects of Q: Should I be concerned if a chemical causes cancer in chemicals, list of educational materials in occupational health, animals? references used to prepare the Fact Sheets, preparation of the A: Yes. Most scientists agree that a chemical that causes Right to Know Survey, education and training programs, cancer in animals should be treated as a suspected human labeling requirements, and general information regarding the carcinogen unless proven otherwise. Right to Know Act. Violations of the law should be reported to (609) 984-2202. Q: But don't they test animals using much higher levels of a ------chemical than people usually are exposed to? A: Yes. That's so effects can be seen more clearly using fewer animals. But high doses alone don't cause cancer unless it's a cancer agent. In fact, a chemical that causes cancer in animals at high doses could cause cancer in humans exposed to low doses.

Q: Should I be concerned if a chemical is a teratogen in animals? A: Yes. Although some chemicals may affect humans differently than they affect animals, damage to animals suggests that similar damage can occur in humans. METHYL HYDRAZINE page 5 of 6

DEFINITIONS

ACGIH is the American Conference of Governmental NAERG is the North American Emergency Response Industrial Hygienists. It recommends upper limits (called Guidebook. It was jointly developed by Transport Canada, the TLVs) for exposure to workplace chemicals. United States Department of Transportation and the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation of Mexico. It is a A carcinogen is a substance that causes cancer. guide for first responders to quickly identify the specific or generic hazards of material involved in a transportation The CAS number is assigned by the Chemical Abstracts incident, and to protect themselves and the general public Service to identify a specific chemical. during the initial response phase of the incident.

CFR is the Code of Federal Regulations, which consists of the NFPA is the National Fire Protection Association. It classifies regulations of the United States government. substances according to their fire and explosion hazard.

A combustible substance is a solid, liquid or gas that will burn. NIOSH is the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. It tests equipment, evaluates and approves respirators, A corrosive substance is a gas, liquid or solid that causes conducts studies of workplace hazards, and proposes standards irreversible damage to human tissue or containers. to OSHA.

DEP is the New Jersey Department of Environmental NTP is the National Toxicology Program which tests Protection. chemicals and reviews evidence for cancer.

DOT is the Department of Transportation, the federal agency OSHA is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, that regulates the transportation of chemicals. which adopts and enforces health and safety standards.

EPA is the Environmental Protection Agency, the federal PEL is the Permissible Exposure Limit which is enforceable by agency responsible for regulating environmental hazards. the Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

A fetus is an unborn human or animal. PIH is a DOT designation for chemicals which are Poison Inhalation Hazards. A flammable substance is a solid, liquid, vapor or gas that will ignite easily and burn rapidly. ppm means parts of a substance per million parts of air. It is a measure of concentration by volume in air. The flash point is the temperature at which a liquid or solid gives off vapor that can form a flammable mixture with air. A reactive substance is a solid, liquid or gas that releases energy under certain conditions. IARC is the International Agency for Research on Cancer, a scientific group that classifies chemicals according to their STEL is a Short Term Exposure Limit which is usually a 15- cancer-causing potential. minute exposure that should not be exceeded at any time during a work day. IRIS is the Integrated Risk Information System database of the federal EPA. A teratogen is a substance that causes birth defects by damaging the fetus. A miscible substance is a liquid or gas that will evenly dissolve in another. TLV is the Threshold Limit Value, the workplace exposure limit recommended by ACGIH. mg/m3 means milligrams of a chemical in a cubic meter of air. It is a measure of concentration (weight/volume). The vapor pressure is a measure of how readily a liquid or a solid mixes with air at its surface. A higher vapor pressure A mutagen is a substance that causes mutations. A mutation is indicates a higher concentration of the substance in air and a change in the genetic material in a body cell. Mutations can therefore increases the likelihood of breathing it in. lead to birth defects, miscarriages, or cancer.

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Common Name: METHYL HYDRAZINE ======DOT Number: UN 1244 (PIH) FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire DOT Hazard Class: 6.1 (Poison) department. You can request emergency information from the NAERG Code: 131 following: CAS Number: 60-34-4 CHEMTREC: (800) 424-9300 NJDEP HOTLINE: 1-877-WARN-DEP Hazard rating NJDHSS NFPA ======FLAMMABILITY - 3 HANDLING AND STORAGE (See page 3) - 2 REACTIVITY CARCINOGEN AND CORROSIVE FIRST AID FLAMMABLE AND REACTIVE POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE For POISON INFORMATION call 1-800-222-1222 CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE POISON INHALATION HAZARD Eye Contact * Immediately flush with large amounts of water. Continue Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; without stopping for at least 30 minutes, occasionally 3=serious; 4=severe lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. FIRE HAZARDS Skin Contact * Methyl Hydrazine is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID. * Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash * Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray, or an alcohol-resistant area with large amounts of water. Seek medical attention foam or other foaming agent. immediately. * POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, including Nitrogen Oxides. Breathing * CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE. * Remove the person from exposure. * Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. * Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if * Vapors may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. * Vapor is heavier than air and may travel a distance to cause * Transfer promptly to a medical facility. a fire or explosion far from the source. * Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours * If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be trained and equipped as stated in OSHA 1910.156. delayed.

SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES PHYSICAL DATA

If Methyl Hydrazine is spilled or leaked, take the following Vapor Pressure: 38 mm Hg at 68oF (20oC) steps: Flash Point: 17oF (-8.3oC)

* Evacuate persons not wearing protective equipment from Water Solubility: Soluble area of spill or leak until clean-up is complete. * Remove all ignition sources. OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES * Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material and deposit in sealed containers. Chemical Name: * Ventilate and wash area after clean-up is complete. Hydrazine, Methyl- * Keep Methyl Hydrazine out of a confined space, such as a Other Names: sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the Monomethylhydrazine; 1-Methylhydrazine sewer is designed to prevent the build-up of explosive ------concentrations. Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial * It may be necessary to contain and dispose of Methyl purposes. Hydrazine as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your ------state Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) or NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND your regional office of the federal Environmental SENIOR SERVICES Protection Agency (EPA) for specific recommendations. Right to Know Program * If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368 properly trained and equipped. OSHA 1910.120(q) may be (609) 984-2202 applicable. ------