CONTENTS Day Trips Attractions Activities 4 Silver City 12 Gila Cliff Dwellings 9 Browse the Galleries Day Trip 1 Jump back 700 years in history Silver City and its wonderful as you walk through the cave 11 Rock Hounding homes of the ancient history will come to life as you 26 Birding travel with us on your tour. Mogollon Indians. 28 Hiking 10 Piños Altos 16 Mimbres Valley An ancient culture walked 30 Cycling & Biking Day Trip 1B these river banks, grew Walk through the 1860s in this crops—and disappeared. historic mining town in tall Today, modern life thrives. Maps pine country. 8 Silver City 16 City of Rocks 12 Trail of the Mountain Bring a vivid imagination when 10 Piños Altos Spirits Scenic Byway you’re among these beautiful Day Trip 2 weather-carved giants. 17 Day Trips Follow the footsteps of the 24 Mining prehistoric cultures—Apaches, 21 The Catwalk 31 Activities Spanish explorers, Mexican The Catwalk is a must. farmers, miners—those who Whitewater Creek frothing far walked this area . below you, rushing through the narrow canyon. = Birding Site 18 Gila High Country Day Trip 3 22 Billy the Kid Bill Evans Lake, the Gila In school, Billy grew up Our Cover Riparian Preserve, Glenwood, as a normal boy . . . and Deep into the Gila Cooney’s Tomb and more. then something Wilderness 1,500 foot changed. bluffs tower over the 20 Neighbors & peaceful meadows Ghost Towns 25 Ft. Bayard along the Middle Fork Day Trips 4 and 5 From Buffalo Soldiers to of the Gila River. Ghost towns and great birding tuberculosis sanatorium Photo by Joe Burgess combined with a visit to to veteran and geriatric the South. care—giving service since 1863. 24 Mining Day Trip 6 Copper mining from open pit to pure copper. View 200-ton trucks, giant shovels, & mod - ern technology . r

GRANT COUNTY o n n o C

Silver City Grant County ’ O

Chamber of Commerce y k c e

201 N. Hudson Street B y

Silver City, NM 88061 b o t

(575) 538-3785 o h email: [email protected] P

southwest newmexico .org Walk through history along the streets of old mining towns. 1-800-548-9378 Dance with the ghosts of dance - hall girls and miners attired in their ©Keith LeMay 2010. Special thanks to Jackie Blurton, Becky O’Connor, Terry finest. Mines like the Little Fanney, Humble, LeAnne Knudsen. Designed by Zia Publishing. Photos by Joe Burgess unless otherwise noted. Contributing Photographers: Bill Allen, Jackie Blurton, the Princess, the Bullfrog... make Ralph Fisher, Keith LeMay, Museum of New Mexico, Barry Nielsen, Becky history come alive. Some of the O’Connor, Bob Pelham. Contributing Writers: Jackie Blurton, Kevin Cook, Keith most historic happenings of the LeMay, Luis Pérez, Dorothy Watson, Betty Woods. Advertising Sales, LeAnne Southwest await you at the Silver Knudsen 575-388-4444 x 12. Funded in part by Grant County Lodgers Tax. City Museum.

2 – SCENIC TOURS WELCOME TO SILVER CITY We hope your stay will be enjoyable. Let us know if we can make your visit more memorable. We’re proud of our multi-cultural community... with our Four Gentle Seasons and warm hospitality. You’ll be attracted to the wonders of the area, the many n o t r u l ancient cultures, and climate zones ranging from 4,000 to B e i k

c 10,000 feet. a J y b Browse through these pages... and be prepared to have o t o h

P your expectations exceeded!

WILLKOMMEN nach Silberstadt! Wir hoffen dass sich ihr Besuch lohnen wird. Vor Millionen von Jahren geschmolzene Felsen lagerten Auslaeufer von Kupfer, Silber und Gold hier ab, und machten diese Gegend die reichste des Suedwestens. Die ersten Indianer bauten Tuerkis ab, und in 1804 gruben die Spanier Kupfer. In 1870 endeckten amerikanische Schuerfer Silber in den Bergen. Silberstadt nutzte ihr trockenes und hohes Klima aus und oeffnete einige Sanatorien. Allmaehlich wurden mehr Mineralentdeckungen in der Umgebung gemacht. Silberstadt wurde das Zentrum des Handels. Wir hoffen dass Sie unsere Gegend geniessen werden! Auf baldiges Wiedersehen!

¡ BIENVENIDOS a la Ciudad de Plata! Esperamos que encuentres que tu visita valga la pena. As you walk through the Gila Cliff Hace milliones de años que piedra fundida llevó concentraciones de cobre, Dwellings, you can almost imag - ine what it would have been like plata y oro a la superficie aquí, e hizo esta area una de la más ricas del Sudoeste. to live here so many years ago. Los primeros indios minaron la turquesa. En 1804 los españoles minaron el Sacaton Mountain in the Gila National Forest supports an cobre. En 1870 buscadores americanos descubrieron plata en las montañas. abundance of plant and animal La Ciudad de Plata aprovechó su clima seco y altura. Gradualmente se hicieron life. Standing like giants in the vast greatness of Southwest descubrimientos de más minerales en el área. La Ciudad de Plata se volvió un New Mexico are the natural mon - centro de comercio. uments known as the City of Rocks State Park. Esperamos que disfrutes nuestra area. Y que vuelvas pronto.

SCENIC TOURS – 3 Sil ver City In 1870, a group of American prospectors discovered silver in the hills just above the ciénega (marshy area), and the rush was on. In ten short months, the newly chris - tened Silver City grew from a sin - gle cabin to over eighty buildings.

Celebrating 110 Years

Located in the downtown historic district. • Affordable Rates DAY TRIP 1 •18 Rooms & Suites SILVER CITY HIGHLIGHTS • Continental Breakfast Billy the Kid sites 3, 4, 5, 21 Tyrone Mine 8 106 W. Broadway Historic Downtown 10-17 Silver City, NM 88061 Big Ditch Park 10 Silver City Museum 12 575-388-1811 WNMU Museum 18 Reminiscent of a small hotel Reminiscent of a small hotel www.zianet.com/palacehotel Western NM University 19 in the European Tradition. Visit Ol West Gallery & Mercantile next door.

4 – SCENIC TOURS illions of years ago, fingers of molten rock deposited mthe copper, silver and gold that would make this one of the Southwest’s richest mineralized areas. Early Indians mined turquoise, and by 1804 the Spanish were digging for copper east of what came to be called the San Vicente Silver City Museum Ciénega (today’s Silver City). Silver Discovered. In the spring of 1870, DAY TRIP 1 the news reached Piños Altos of a big silver HISTORIC SILVER CITY strike at Shakespeare, near today’s Lordsburg. Map page 8 Captain John Bullard and his men rode DAY TRIP 1 will take you through the historic section of Silver City and on to the old mining town south to investigate. After examining the ore, of Piños Altos with a side trip to the Freeport-McMoRan Tyrone Open pit mine. Map page 8. one of the men said, “Boys, if this is what sil - 1. Visitors Center. Chamber of Commerce. (201 N. Hudson, NM 90) ver looks like, we have plenty of it at home.” 2. McComas House Site. (500 N. Hudson) Judge H.C. McComas (site They hurried back, and began to dig one half 9) in the early 1880s lived on the north end of present post office site. After mile west of the present courthouse. the floods, this area became Silver City’s famous red light district for 60 Ore from the Legal Tender assayed as high as years into the late 1960s, then known as “Millie’s.” 100 ounces of silver per ton, a real bonanza. 3. Billy the Kid Jail Site. (304 N. Hudson) These U.S. Forest Service News of the “Ciénega Mines” quickly spread. warehouses are on the site of the jail where in 1875 Billy the Kid, 15, was held for stealing from a Chinese laundry. He escaped out the chimney. Town of Silver City Originated. In ten Legend suggests Billy killed his first man or knifed a Chinaman at several short months, Silver City grew from a single sites. No evidence can be found. See Sites 4, 5, 21, and 23. cabin to over eighty buildings, and in 1871, 4. Billy the Kid Cabin Site. (Adjacent to Visitors Center) Billy the Kid Silver City became the county seat. During the spent part of his childhood here, in a cabin with his mother, brother, and stepfather. It was torn down by 1894; 1895-1903 floods destroyed the orig - early years of development, all of southwestern inal site. The cabin of that era sitting here was donated by Ron Howard’s New Mexico was harassed by Apache raids. The 2003 movie, “The Missing.” nearest railroad terminal was in Colorado. The 5. Star Hotel Site. (South across the street from Visitors Center) Billy county included what is today’s Deming and the Kid waited tables when he lived here with the Truesdell family follow - Lordsburg all the way to the Mexico border . ing his mother’s death. In spite of the crude methods, Silver City 6. Carrasco Mill Site. (To SW of Site 5) Lorenzo Carrasco had one of the first ore-grinding mills, which handled ore from Silver City, Piños Altos mills were producing $16,000 of bullion a and other mines. week by 1875. Turn right (west) onto Broadway to Site 10. OPTIONAL TRIP. Sites 7-9 on NM 90 to the It soon became the supply center for the south... a look at history and copper mining. 7. Harrison Schmitt School. (M40.5, NM90) Silver City’s Apollo 17 booming industry. By the end of 1872, a local astronaut/geologist, Harrison “Jack” Schmitt, later US Senator, was cho - brick plant enabled solid, well-built businesses sen for the Apollo 17 moon exploration. and houses to be built. In 1875, the first fire 8. Old Tyrone/Phelps Dodge Copper Electrowinning Plant. engine in the NM Territory made it possible (M32, NM 90) Phelps Dodge & Company consolidated its holdings begin - for a volunteer fire department to be formed. ning in 1909. A “Mediterranean-style” company town was ready in 1915. A drop in copper prices caused it to be abandoned virtually overnight. From When the government telegraph line reached 1928-41 it became a dude ranch. In the late 1960s the operation resumed as Fort Bayard in 1876, local citizens furnished an open pit mine. Today, the mine is owned by Freeport-McMoRan and sup - the materials to connect Silver City with the ports a modern electrowinning copper recovery plant producing plates of outside world. .999 copper. 9. McComas Massacre. (Note: Site ONLY) (M19.1, NM90) Here Judge McComas (Site 2) and his wife were killed by a band of Geronimo’s Apaches in 1883; their 6-year-old son was kidnapped and taken to Mexico. To the northwest on Jack’s Peak, the Smithsonian Institute oper - ated a solar radiation observatory until 1938. 10. Big Ditch Park. (Broadway St. main entrance at Site 15) Originally the town’s Main Street, the “Big Ditch” was formed during a series of floods between 1895-1906. In 1980 it became a city park (see page 7). 11. Bell Block. (200 block W. Broadway) Today the restored Bell Block bright - ens the downtown. Built in 1897, expanded in 1906, sheathed in galvanized metal stamped with intricate designs resembling carved stone. 12. Silver City Museum. (312 W. Broadway, 538-5921.) The museum, SCENIC TOURS – 5 La Capilla (“The Chapel”) y View of Silver City a M e L h t i e K :

with its cupola and Victorian Mansard roof, was once the H.B. Ailman o t o h

house. Built in 1881, its style and detailing reflect the optimism of the min - P ing boom era. An early pioneer, Ailman came to Silver City penniless, made 1870’s Cabin on Billy the Kid site a fortune in mining, and started the Meredith and Ailman Bank. The muse - um has permanent and revolving exhibits. Frontier Victoriana is a major theme with household, personal, and business artifacts from early homes SILVER CITY CHARTER. In 1878 Silver and offices forming the basis for exhibits. Ancient Mimbres and Casas City was granted a territorial charter under Grandes Indian pottery and objects from the early mining town of Tyrone are also featured. The Museum’s photo archive boasts an outstanding col - which the town operates today, one of the lection of early photos. oldest of the few territorial charters in the 13. Grant County Courthouse. (Broadway and Cooper) The court - U.S. The city was one of the first to establish house was erected in 1930; in the lobby, two murals by Santa Fe artist a public school and in 1882 became the first Theodore Van Soelen depict the area’s ranching and mining. At this point the Tour reverses, going back down Broadway and left on Bullard Street. independent school district in New Mexico . 14. Bullard Street. On the southwest corner of Bullard and Broadway The Southern Pacific Railroad reached stands a 1923 bank building (designed by the southwestern architect Deming in 1881, inspiring local citizens to Henry Trost) with the original terracotta front and brick design. Directly build a branch line to Silver City. Telephones across, on the north, is the 1882 Meredith and Ailman bank, with its orig - inal cast-iron front. Many of the buildings date back to the 1880s. The were first installed in 1883. An electric light street was named after John Bullard, a founder of Silver City. One year plant was completed the following year— after his discovery of silver in 1870, the 24-year-old Bullard was killed by only two years after New York City installed Apaches (see Site 21). OPTIONAL TOUR SITES. At Market Street to your right is the Big Ditch Park entrance (Site 10) its first electric system. and the Warren House. To the left is Site 16. SILVER CITY BOOM OVER! In 1893 15. Warren House. (Market Street) Overlooking the Big Ditch is the 1885 the bottom dropped out of the silver market. Italianate red brick O.S. Warren house. Once owned by the indefatigable Elizabeth Warren, the first woman insurance agent in NM, it’s today’s only Mines closed down. Silver City paused, survivor of the Main Street floods. caught its breath, and then moved ahead. From Bullard Street, turn left onto Market Street. The use of brick was encouraged by an 1880 16. Saint Vincent de Paul Church. (Market and Bayard) This stuc - fire ordinance which prohibited frame con - coed adobe was begun in 1874 by the town’s Hispanic community. Its Mission-style front and towers were added in 1908. struction, saving Silver City from the Directly across from the church, at the SW corner of Market and Piños destructive fires of many western towns. Altos, is the Queen Anne-style Martin Maher house, built in 1887 of local - Perhaps its sturdy brick architecture helped it ly-made red brick. defy a ghost town’s fate. Maybe it was the Turn right on Black Street, right on Kelly Street, and left onto Bullard Street. Just before reaching Sixth Street, you will pass on your left two older hous - populace of Hispanics and Anglos, deter - es: one at 503 Bullard, built in 1887 as a dentist’s office, and another at mined to make this their home. The cattle 511 Bullard, the Isaac Cohen house built in 1882 and now restored. These industry was well-developed with some large buildings were once part of a Victorian residential area. Turn left onto Sixth Street. holdings extending as far south as Mexico. At 17. Sixth Street. On Sixth Street you will pass a number of fine 1880s brick the turn of the century, Silver City’s high, dry homes. At the northwest corner of Bayard and Sixth street is the Edmund climate made it a haven for invalids and

6 – SCENIC TOURS WNMU Museum tubercular patients. One of the state’s first teaching schools prospered. Eventually, with Historic Downtown Silver City new mineral discoveries, the town stabilized as the leading metal producer in the state. Stein home, overlooking the site of New Mexico’s first two-story brick pub - — edited from Helen Lundwall history lic schoolhouse. At Cooper Street, to the right are 1883 brick rental hous - es. At the NW corner of Sixth and Black is David Abraham’s 1883 home. THE BIG DITCH (Site 10). After Turn right on Black Street. The house at 806 Black Street was owned by Mrs. Thomas Lyons, of the famous “million acre” Lyons & Campbell Ranch; her daughter owned the other hous - July 21, 1895, Silver City’s Main Street was es on this block. (See Tour 3, Site 5.) no longer the principal artery. Floodwaters Continue north, by jogging right onto West Street, go one block, turn left on 10th Street to upper parking areas for WNMU Museum (Site 18). (Elevator access: continue north on West engulfed the streets as “an immense wall of Street, left on 12th Street, left on Alabama Street to Museum parking area.) rolling water, 12' high and 300’ across, 18. WNMU Museum. (Two-story Fleming Hall, 538-6386) The museum roared through the heart of town.” By the has the largest permanent display of prehistoric Mimbres pottery in the U.S. These world-famous pots with their painted designs date from the next morning, the waters had receded and 8th to 12th century A.D. Casas Grandes prehistoric Indian pottery, stone local residents saw a monstrous ditch 35 feet tools, ancient jewelry, southwestern historical photos and oral history below the street level. Later floods, especial - recordings, and military and mining artifacts are on display. Reverse your course (you may wish to do a loop tour around the campus: West Street, ly one in 1903, scraped the ditch down to College Street, to “E” Street, to 12th Street.). Go 5 blocks east on 12th Street to Pope Street stop light. Turn left and go to the fourth stop light. At this point you turn left to go to Piños bedrock at 55 feet. The excavation ran about Altos (Sites 22-30). By continuing to the next light you can reach Site 21. 15 miles. CHANGES CAUSED . Before the floods, OPTIONAL TOUR SITES 19-20: commerce was about equal on either side of 19. Western New Mexico University. In 1893 the New Mexico State Main Street. After the creation of the Big Normal School was established in town. The new institution soon became a state college and university. Two important southwestern archi - Ditch, a number of “entertainment parlors” tects, Henry Trost and John Gaw Meem, designed buildings for the campus. moved onto Hudson Street. It now offers computer and police science, business management, voc-ed, WHY DID IT HAPPEN? Ground cover and other degrees. absorbed and delayed earlier flood runoff. 20. St. Mary’s Academy. (1800 Alabama Street) The academy opened in 1918 as a “select boarding school for girls.” By 1895, livestock growers and wagon 21. Billy the Kid’s Mother’s Grave. (M115.7, US180, Memory Lane freighters had grazed the higher meadows Cemetery) Catherine McCarty Antrim, Billy’s mother, died of tuberculosis on to bare ground, and wood haulers had Sept. 16, 1874. She was buried in town but later was moved to Memory stripped forested slopes to feed household Lane Cemetery (left to Cypress Lane, right to 9th tree). Four graves to the north lies John Bullard (see Site 14). (Turn west to Rose Lane and go north fires and industrial furnaces. to first intersection to left.) Ben Lilly, mountain man and lion hunter, is buried AFTER THE FLOOD . The watershed is 50' to the southwest. again covered with vegetation, thanks to From Memory Lane, continue north across US180. At next stop sign turn right onto Piños Altos Road, NM 15 . conservation, including countless “check 22. Hearst Mine. (M5.1, NM15) The Phoebe Hearst (mother of newspaper - dams” built by the CCC in the 1930s, and man William Randolph Hearst) Mine was near the saddle of the two peaks to juniper and piñon growth. the west from this historic marker. The Hearsts had interests in ranches, head - quartering west of Deming, briefly owned the Santa Rita copper mine and The Big Ditch is now a community park company store, as well as a company store in Piños Altos, and a mill, proba - with paths and picnicking areas and two foot bly south of the Gila Regional Hospital. A winding narrow-gauge railroad trans - bridges. — Jim Elliott story ported ore from Piños Altos mines to mills in Silver City.

SCENIC TOURS – 7 No One Knows The Country Like We Do!

Your complete source for property in sunny southwestern New Mexico.

Historic Downtown Silver City Rodeo, NM 414 North Bullard Street 2 Locations 199 Highway 80 575-538-3789 to Serve You 575-557-1244 800-827-9198 Open: Mon.-Fri. 9 to 5:30 Sat.-Sun. 10 to 4 www.Mimbres Realty .com Georgia Bearup, Qualifying Broker • www.unitedcountry.com/silvercitynm

8 – SCENIC TOURS The strong visual and performing arts activities, museums and the renovated historic district have created an end-destination worthy “of America’s culture-hungry travelers.

oat C eedb ente ” S r

for the Arts Seedboat Gallery & Mountain Air Productions Fine Art & Craft Gallery • Live performance Space • Recording Studio • Catering Located in Historic Downtown Silver City 214 W. Yankie Street • Silver City, NM 88061 • 575.534.1136 www.SeedboatGallery.com

BROWSE THE GALLERIES Siiver City rivals major markets.

Recognized as one of the nation’s culturally progressive small communities, Silver City broke into the top three slots of Modern Maturity’s Best Small Towns in America, was listed by John Villani as one of The Hundred Best Small Art Towns in America and chosen by the National Trust for Historic Preservation in its Dozen Distinctive Destinations - 2002. The strong visual and performing arts activities, museums and the renovated historic district have created an end-destination wor - thy of America’s culture-hungry travelers. A wide range of galleries and creative specialty shops are locat - ed throughout the university and historic districts and in the mountain village of Piños Altos. Art walks and fairs, artist open - ings, gallery weekends and cultural exchanges on an internation - al level have created a niche for Silver City in the world of art. A performing arts season that includes international talent is sponsored by the Mimbres Region Arts Council and the Grant MOTEL County Community Concerts Association. Special events with nationally acclaimed artists include the Silver City Blues Family owned and operated for over 30 years. Festival, symphony and opera presentations. On the local level, Silver City’s best value! community and university drama presentations and a melodra -  Centrally located ma series keep performers active.  Close to Silver City Historic Downtown District, Visitor Center & amenities. The Silver City Museum, housed in the 1881 Victorian home  Restaurant and Lounge on site of H.B. Ailman, and the Western New Mexico University  Renovated Rooms, FREE WiFi, FREE Local Calls, FREE Coffee Museum, with the world’s largest permanent display of artifacts For reservations - Call: from the intriguing thousand-year-old Mimbres Culture, are the 575.538.5392 pride of the community. Walking tours of the historic district email: [email protected] provide insight into the spirited early days of mining and a com - 710 SILVER HEIGHTS BLVD  SILVER CITY, NM 88061 mitment to enduring architecture. SCENIC TOURS – 9 e d i v i D l a t n

e Piños Altos n i t

n In 1859, a group of Forty-Niners drifting home o C from California discovered gold in the Piños Altos (“Tall Pines”) area. Once a booming county seat, Piños Altos was a rough and tumble town of gold bonanzas and Apache raids.

MINERS . Some of the first to use “arrastras” (burro operated mills to grind the gold ore) were Norero and Ancheta . . . family names still seen in Silver City. In May 1860, DAY TRIP 1-B Snively, Hicks, and Birch camped on Bear Creek, and Birch found gold. While in PIN˜ OS ALTOS Santa Rita for supplies, the men met the Mastin brothers and a man named Langston to whom they confided the news. By September, 700 men were placering nearby, call - DAY TRIP 1-B continues to the old mining town of Piños Altos. (M6, NM15). Where the road divides, keep to the left. ing their camp “Birchville.” An earlier Mexican settlement called Piños Altos, is said At the first intersection over the bridge, turn left onto the to have sent gold to Chihuahua in 1837, but that camp disappeared. dirt road, which loops back to the right . APACHE INDIANS . Cochise joined the Hot Spring Apaches under Mangas Numbers continue from Silver City Day Trip. Coloradas to drive out “Los Godammies,” or white men. On September 22, 1861, 23. Hearst Church. The adobe Methodist- 400 Apaches attacked the camp. Capt. Thomas Mastin, nine other Arizona Scouts, Episcopal church was built with Hearst money in 1898 and now houses the Grant and the miners stood in defense. The Indians withdrew after fatally wounding County Art Guild. A funeral hearse, used Captain Mastin (Site 30). In time, Mangas Coloradas urged peace and failed, was for Pat Garrett, and other horse-drawn taken prisoner on January 17, 1863, and killed the following day at Fort McLane vehicles are displayed here. Garrett killed Billy the Kid in Lincoln, NM. (Site 2-23). Raids and the Civil War caused Americans to leave, but the Mexicans Continue back to paved road, turn left. remained to wash gold and build arrastras. 3 24. Fort Cobre. This ⁄4-scale reconstruc - In July 1866, Virgil Mastin brought in a 15-stamp mill and a saw mill hauled from tion, completed in 1980, was of a fort built St. Louis by oxen. The California Column was disbanded in New Mexico and many at Santa Rita copper mine in 1804 to pro - tect the area. It was renamed Ft. Webster stayed. Placering resumed and lode mining started. The camp was again known as in 1851 (Day Trip 2-16). The Hearst com - Piños Altos. pany store was east across the street. MINING & COMMERCE. In 1868, Ancheta had both trading post and arrastra; 25. Opera House. The opera house, built Samuel G. and (Judge) Roy Bean were dealers in merchandise and liquors; the Piños in 1969, captures the flavor of an old west opera house with elements from Altos Co. was incorporated and had 600–700 area historic buildings, including the late inhabitants, 2 stamp mills, many arrastras, red-light district of Silver City (Sites 1-2). three furnaces for smelting, —From The Piños There are excellent artifacts and photos 2 hotels, several stores, and in the Buckhorn Saloon (circa 1865) . Altos Story by 7 saloons (which later 26. McDonald Cabin. On dirt road Dorothy Watson. directly behind Opera House. John increased). McDonald, an old Indian fighter, was reportedly in this area in 1851. Probably the oldest house in the county. 27. Judge Roy Bean Store Site. SE corner south of Site 25. Probable site of the store operated by (Judge) Roy Bean and his brother Samuel in the 1860s. 28. Piños Altos Museum. The museum is housed in a log cabin, Grant County’s first private school house, probably built around 1866. Go north to first arroyo. 29. First Courthouse. (past arroyo on R) Building housed the only court session in Piños Altos (1871). Continue to stop sign, and turn left. Trail of the Mountain Spirits Byway continues north to Gila Cliff Dwellings. 30. Cemetery. (Second gate from N, proceed 50' to east at base of 2 large tree stumps.) Early miners in Piños Altos, Capt. Thomas Mastin (Marston on grave) and his broth - er Virgil were killed by Apaches. Return on NM15. Viewpoint at Milepost 2.1.

10 – SCENIC TOURS RRoocckk HHoouunnddiinngg WRITTEN AND PHOTOGRAPHED BY KEVIN COOK

Grant County is well-known for its mineral deposits. Three open pit copper mines, numerous other diggings and the very name of the county seat, Silver City, conjure up images of good mineral collecting sites. Visitors from all over the world stop here to do a little collecting as they travel around the Southwest. Some of the many items that can be collected in Grant County include Native Geode Copper, Chrysocolla, Azurite, Turquoise, Gold, Silver, Obsidian, Fluorite, Amethyst, Chalcedony, Calcite, Ricolite, Moon Stone, Fossils, Petrified Wood, Geodes and Agates. Much of Grant County is rugged high desert and mountain country. Access to collecting sites may require high clearance or four-wheel drive vehicles. Before venturing into remote areas, discuss conditions you might find there with persons familiar with the area. Make sure a responsible someone knows your plan. The US Forest Service is a good source for back road conditions and camping sites. The Forest Service office is located off the 32nd Street bypass (US Hwy. 180 East) (388-8201). Always obtain permission before collecting on private property. Also, look for claim n e s l markers and indications of recent activity. e i N y r

A note about safety. The area is strewn with abandoned mine workings, which provide r a B : o

the rock hound with opportunities for finding many minerals. NEVER ENTER A t o h MINE! Be aware that there are many dangerous hidden vertical shafts and openings that P can potentially kill or maim. You can often find some spectacular minerals on or near Petroglyph the stockpiles around these mines. The Rolling Stones Gem and Mineral Society (538-9001) is Grant County’s local rock club. If you are new to rock hounding, the Rolling Stones is a great way to learn about rock hounding in the area. They have access to the University Lapidary lab and sponsor the Gem and Mineral Show Labor Day weekend. The Royal Scepter Gems and Minerals (538-9001) has a free mining and mineral museum at 1805 Little Walnut Rd., off US Hwy. 180 West. Minerals and fossils from Grant County, New Mexico, and around the world are on display, including a very impressive fluorescent mineral display. The museum is open from 10:00am to 5:00pm Monday through Saturday. Also, check out their display map of mineral collecting sites in Grant County. Barite and Wolfenite

Nestled on a Satellite TV tree-shaded mountain hill - Full Kitchens side at 7,000 feet near Pinos Air Conditioning Altos within minutes of Wireless Internet • Fireplaces • Secluded Balconies • Porches • Telephone & WiFi • Satellite TV • Barbeque Grill • Hot Tub in Cabana • Meeting Room • Cabins with kitchens are available. NIGHTLY COTTAGES Conveniently located just 7 miles north of Silver City on NM Hwy. 15. Visit Southwest New Mexico’s BEST Lodging Value 575.388.4501 • 888.388.4515 www.PinosAltosCabins.com Make reservations & view availability online Contact us: www.Bea rCree kCabins.com 800-348-2477 [email protected] 575-534-0406 P.O. Box 53082 • Pinos Altos, NM 88053

SCENIC TOURS – 11 12 – SCENIC TOURS Trail Moofuthne tain n o t r u l B e i k

Spirits c a J y b o

National Scenic Byway t o h P (Gila Cliff Dwellings) Backpacking

The sounds of their voices and laughter DAY TRIP 2 echoed in the canyons from the 1280s to TRAIL OF THE 1300. And then there were only the sounds of the streams and birds. Why they MOUNTAIN abandoned their homes and fields and SPIRITS where they went are not known . SCENIC BYWAY Map page 17 Inner Loop Tour: Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument, Gila National Forest, Piños Altos Historic District, City of Rocks, Mimbres Indian Archaeology, Lake Roberts, Kneeling Nun, ou travel in the footsteps of the pre-historic Mimbres Indians as they Chino Open Pit Mine . fish the streams, cultivate primitive corn and are surrounded by the TRAVEL NOTE: This brochure uses highway milepost markers laughter of children playing in the canyons. You hear the quiet voice for locating many sites. (e.g., M127.4 US180 means 0.4 miles past marker 127 on US Highway 180.) Food and fuel are avail - yyof the trapper traveling in territory into which white settlers have never able at or near Sites 10, 13, 14, 16, 24 and 25. ventured. You sense the quietness of the peaceful headwaters of the Gila into which the famous Apache leader Geronimo was born. Sense some of their 1. Visitors Center. Chamber of Commerce, 201 N. Hudson, (NM 90). pride in this region. Hear the voices of the Buffalo Soldiers as their patrols ven - 2. Piños Altos. (M6, NM15.) Piños Altos (“Tall ture deeper into the wilderness trying to maintain peace. Walk the paths of the Pines”) was founded about 1859 when a early miner trying to find the mother lode up the next canyon. group of forty-niners drifting home from These are the many sensations you experience when you venture along the Trail California discovered gold in the area. See the of the Mountain Spirits National Scenic Byway. It’s what one video called “The PA Tour, page 10. From Piños Altos, continue on NM15. Note excellent Last Solitude.” As a motorist you’ll drive along a narrow corridor through the first viewpoints. wilderness set aside by Congress. As you step out of your vehicle at one of the 3. Bear Creek. (M7.4-M10, NM15) Site of many mountain vistas, you’ll sense the feelings of Aldo Leopold and of Teddy gold mining in the early days. Here are the first Roosevelt as they trekked the area... and then fought hard to set the area aside for evidences of mining by Ancheta and Norero. future generations to enjoy. 4. Burro-Drawn Arrastra. (M8.1, NM15) TRAIL OF THE MOUNTAIN SPIRITS NATIONAL SCENIC BYWAY A burro-drawn arrastra (mill) was reconstruct - ed here. This Scenic Byway follows the footsteps of those who preceded: Mimbreño, 5. Gila National Forest. (M8.3, NM15) You Apache, Spaniard, Mexican, miner, rancher, outdoorsman. See the full variety of are entering ponderosa pine country of the Gila Grant County, from the high Chihuahuan desert to the snow-touched wilderness. (pronounced ‘HEE-la’) Forest. Almost one-fourth This tour starts at Silver City and goes through Piños Altos on NM 15, 1.5 to 2 of the 3.3 million acre forest is in wilderness, hours to the highlight of the tour: the Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument. promoted by conservationist Aldo Leopold; set You then backtrack to NM35 and turn left to Lake Roberts. Follow NM35 along aside by Congress in 1924 as the first such the Mimbres River to NM152. Turn west to the Chino Mine overlook at Santa wilderness area in the USA. Rita. Here also is an opportunity to tour some of the old mines in this area. Some 400 miles of fishing streams lace the entire forest. Wildlife in the Gila includes Rocky Return to Silver City via US 180 and historic Ft. Bayard. Mountain mule deer, Sonoran white-tail deer, The Trail of the Mountain Spirits Scenic Byway tour, known for years as the beaver, elk, bobcat, mountain lion, black bear. "Inner Loop", began as primitive forest roads and jeep trails. In 1994 it was rec - 6. Ben Lilly Park. (M10.1, NM15). This ognized both as a National Forest Scenic Byway and as a New Mexico Scenic forest overlook honors the mountain man and Byway. In February 2000, the name was changed to reflect the unanimous name lion-hunter Ben Lilly. A plaque 150 feet west details Lilly’s life and philosophy. selection "Trail of the Mountain Spirits Scenic Byway". The name reflects those Continuing on NM15, you will pass the entrance to Cherry who have walked this way through the ages and a sense of the flora and fauna that Creek campground (M12.2) and McMillan Campground capture you … making this a mecca for all ages. (M13.2).

SCENIC TOURS – 13 Lake Roberts

7. Signal Peak. (M14.4, NM15) A winding 7 mile, high clearance dirt road takes you past ponderosa pine, spruce, fir and oak to the top of the peak. From here you can see into Mexico. Signal Peak served as a heliograph point during the Apache wars, signaling with a mirror and the sun’s rays to distant peaks. Viewpoint (M18, NM15) 8. Anderson (Copperas) Vista. (M32, NM15) This outstanding Mimbres River viewpoint shows the headwaters of the Gila River rimmed on the west by the Mogollon Mountains, on the north by isolated peaks and divides, on the east by the Black Range, and on the south by the Piños Altos From the ancient exquisitely-painted Range. There are many other excellent viewpoints on NM15. Mimbres pottery to Chino's huge open-pit 9. Gila River. (M37.8, NM15). Gila River flows west to Yuma, AZ. copper mine, man's presence in Grant County 10. Gila Hot Springs. (M39.2, NM15) Numerous hot springs in this area has been long and fruitful. By 400 A.D., the heat the homes and greenhouses of residents. Just before Gila Hot gentle Mogollón culture inhabited these vast Springs is the Grapevine Campground, boasting the world’s largest pine forests. Later came the more warlike grapevine. At M43.7 the Heart Bar Wildlife Area was once a ranch’s train - ing ground for polo ponies; the ranch is now operated by Game and Fish Apaches; in their turn, they saw the march of for elk and mountain lion studies. (M41.8) Spanish soldiers and Mexican settlements; and 11. Visitors Center for Gila Cliff Dwellings. (M42.4, NM15) Pass finally came the fur-trappers, miners and the road to the National Monument, continue to the Visitors Center. With dis - ranchers. This makes up a heritage of which plays and artifacts, the Center introduces you to the culture of the Mogollón we're very proud, hence the name Trail of the Indians, who built homes in the cliffs of this area. Near the Center are the Mountain Spirits National Scenic Byway. remains of a 2.5-acre pueblo, with a pithouse dated at 600 A.D. Get info on hik - ing and horseback riding. View plaque honoring birthplace of Geronimo. GILA CLIFF DWELLINGS NATIONAL From the Visitors Center, return to the paved National Monument road. MONUMENT 12. Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument. (M43.7, NM15) The Monument is in the Gila National Built late in the 13th century, there are 42 well-preserved rooms within 5 Forest and lies at the edge of the Gila Wilder- natural caves. See text on this page. Return on NM15, turn left (east) on NM35. ness, the nation's first designated wilderness 13. Vista Ruin. (M24, NM 35) This small Mimbres Indian site overlooks Lake area. Almost one fourth of the 3.3 million- acre Roberts and has a self-guided interpretive trail, covered picnic tables, toilet facilities and a beautiful view of Lake Roberts. forest is a wilderness. Wilderness means the character of the area will not be altered by the 14. Lake Roberts. (M22-24, NM35) This man-made 72-acre lake offers fine intrusion of roads or other evidence of human fishing, boating, and camping. This is a fee use area. A fishing license or New Mexico Game and Fish GAIN permit is required. There are two campgrounds presence. This unique area reveals the homes of and numerous trails leading into the forest. Special nature trail and self-inter - prehistoric Indians in southwestern New pretive Mimbres Indian site are there. Mexico and offers a glimpse into the lives of the 15. Coninental Divide. Travel south to M15.1. At this marker you are crossing the Indians that inhabited them from the 100s to Continental Divide. Ahead the Mimbres River flows east to the Atlantic; behind you Sapillo Creek flows west to the Gila River and the Pacific. the early 1300s A.D. 16. Mimbres Valley. (M1-15, NM35) Scenic route follows the course of The Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monu- the Mimbres River through green orchards and small farms. ment offers a glimpse of the homes and lives of 17. Fort Webster #2 Site. (NE at intersection of NM61/152) Second loca - the people of the Mogollón culture who lived tion for fort established at Santa Rita to protect the miners from Apache there from the 1280s through the early 1300s. attack (Site 18 & Day Trip 1-24). Settlers in the early 1870s penetrated the Trail of the Mountain Spirits Scenic Byway turns west on NM152, an extension loop continues south (See Site 20). Geronimo Trail Scenic Byway continues to mountain wilderness, where rise the three forks the east. of the Gila River. They were surprised to find ALTERNATE ROUTE: SEE #21 traces of an earlier race of men. Fallen walls of 18. Kneeling Nun. (M12 & M2.4, NM152). Note the distinct rock outcrop - stone, strewn with pottery fragments, clearly ping to the west on the north end of the mountain (Santa Rita open pit at indicated a people of high culture who made its base). Legend says this spire was once a nun in love with a Spanish sol - dier and turned to stone as she knelt to pray. Also view at M2.3, NM152. their homes there. 19. Santa Rita/Chino Mines Open Pit Copper Mine. The Gila Cliff Dwellings were built in the (M5.8, NM152). The oldest active mine in the southwest, the “Santa Rita 1280s. These Pueblo people built their homes del Cobre”, was worked as early as 1800 by Col. José Manuel Carrasco. in natural caves and in the open, and examples 14 – SCENIC TOURS Gila National Forest Gila Cliff Dwellings Interior

of both are Convict labor from New Spain mined the shafts, with mule trains of ore sent down the Janos Trail to Chihuahua, Mexico. Under the ownership here. Probably of Don Francisco de Elguea, an impressive adobe fort (see replica at Day not more than Trip 1-24) was built near the mine, along with smelters and numerous 8-10 families buildings. Though profitable, the mine eventually had to be abandoned lived in the to the Apaches. In 1851, the old fort served as a ready-made base for the caves at any U.S.-Mexican Boundary Survey; a year later it became the site of Ft. one time. The Webster, the area’s first U.S. military establishment. rooms were In the late 19th century, the mine was reopened and the town of Santa Rita was reborn. The huge open pit, started about 1910, soon consumed used for a gen - Santa Rita. The mine itself is now operated by Freeport-McMoRan. Giant- Two Quail and Quail Man eration. sized machines scoop the ore from the earth and huge 200-ton ore These small, diligent, artistic people lived in trucks transport it to the reduction mill to the southwest of the pit. The cliff houses and riverside villages. They tilled mesa Chino Overlook provides an excellent viewpoint. Return west on NM 152. At the railroad crossing you might wish to tour some of the old top and riverside fields with digging sticks, and mines to the north and south, primarily lead, zinc, and copper. (Mining Trip p.24). Continue 1 ground cornmeal with metate and mano. They west to the junction with US180, Site 19, Ft. Bayard, entrance is ⁄4 mile further west. fashioned pottery and cloth, carrying on trade 20. Fort Bayard. (M120.5, US180) Fort Bayard was built in 1866 by the with other Mimbreno communities. They hunted “Buffalo Soldiers” of the Ninth Calvary, an all-black regiment. Statue of Cpl. Greaves, Medal of Honoree, who single-handedly saved his troop - and gathered wild plants and fruit to supplement ers. 2nd Lt. John J. “Black Jack” Pershing served here in 1886-87. From their crops of squash, corn and beans. They were 1899 to 1920, the fort served as an Army tuberculosis sanitarium and skilled potters, producing handsome brown bowls later as a veteran’s hospital. Today it is run by the state for the care of with black interiors and black-on-white vessels. elderly and handicapped patients. The Fort borders a state elk refuge The women averaged 5'1" and the men about and these majestic animals can occasionally be seen nibbling on tender 5'5" in height. They were slight of build, yet mus - shoots of yucca. A nature trail is available for the handicapped. Ft. Bayard has one of two national cemeteries in New Mexico. cular, with dark hair and eyes and brown skin. To return to Silver City go west on US180. Seven natural caves occur high in the south - east-facing cliff, and five of the caves contain the ALTERNATE ROUTE FROM #17. Lower Mimbres River via NM61. M61) ruins of cliff dwellings, about 42 rooms. All the 21. City of Rocks State Park. Thrown up by an ancient volcano and timbers seen in the dwellings are the originals; eroded by the wind, these rock formations create an eerie and fantasti - their tree-ring dates range through the 1280s. cal world. Complete with a desert garden, the park offers excellent The cliff dwellers had abandoned their homes camping and picnic sites. See separate story (p.16). and fields by the early 1300s. Perhaps they joined 22. Viewpoint. (M139, US180, junction NM61) Directly east is the jagged fang of Cooke’s Peak. Almost due south are the Florida other Mimbreno cultures to the north or south. Mountains, with the Tres Hermanas (Three Sisters) to their right. West, The sounds of their voices and laughter echoed one can see the Burro Mountains and Jack’s Peak, site of a Smithsonian int he canyon. And then – only the sounds of the solar radiation observatory in the 1930s, with the Freeport-McMoRan streams and birds. mine at the base. The Butterfield Trail, Pony Express Route, and Mormon The earliest ruin found within the monument Battalion Trail all passed just to the south. The Janos Trail carried copper ore south to Chihuahua City, Mex. area is a pithouse of a type that was made from Turn north (right) onto US180. about 100 to 400 A.D. This dwelling was in the 23. Fort McLane. (M131.5, US180). To the east is the site of Fort open, was circular, and had a narrow 2' x 10' McLane, established in 1861 to protect Piños Altos, Santa Rita, and the entrance on the east side; the floor was below Butterfield trail. Here the over 70-year-old Apache chief Mangas ground level. Later pithouses of the Mogollón, Coloradas (Red Sleeves), after surrendering near Piños Altos, was killed prevalent until about 1000 A.D., were usually while allegedly attempting to escape. constructed of masonry or adobe (sun-dried 24. Hurley. (M127, US180) The location of the former Chino Mine Smelter. bricks of mud and straw), rectangular, and built 25. Bayard. (M124, US180). Now center of the mining district, the town originally was a railroad supply point for Fort Bayard. Regularly sched - entirely above the ground. uled mining tours, call 537-3327 or Chamber 538-3785. – National Park Service 26. Santa Clara. (US180). First county seat. Once named “Central.” For more information contact the Gila Cliff Return to Silver City on US180. Dwellings Visitors Center at 575-536-9344.

SCENIC TOURS – 15 Mimbres Valley Mimbres pottery is the Wedgewood of Southwest ware, for its remarkable geometric and life form designs make it distinctive above all prehistoric ceramics. Bear Canyon Lake One branch of the Mogollón culture lived THE APACHES, called the Tchi-he-nde in this valley as early as 750 A.D. The or Red Paint people, moved south to Mimbreño Indians were small, brown- camp and continued the tradition of skinned people who farmed, made exquisite farming. Spaniards from Mexico and pottery and kept diaries on convenient cliff Spain came to work the mines and made walls. The pottery they produced, with its slaves of the Apaches who rebelled. For 80 finely-painted geometric and naturalistic years, Apache raids, peace treaties, and Mimbres Pottery WNMU Collection designs, is world-famous today. (Examples at broken promises made the Mimbres Sites 1-12 & 1-18.) The artistic and peaceful country a place of massacres, expansion, THE MIMBRES TODAY is one of sun Mimbres Indians left the valley suddenly and and abandonment; the Mexican War, the and tranquility. Along the cottonwood- mysteriously around 1300 A.D. Now, hints Gadsden Purchase, Overland Mail, tiny lined banks of the Mimbres, farms and of intimate little pueblos lie buried, and one forts, stage stations, and the stage crossing orchards hug together to drink the cold, wonders about the figures on the overhang - of the Mimbres at Mowry City. By the clear water in abundance. High above, the ing cliff walls and tries to understand their 1860s and 70s, Anglo and Hispanic set - Mimbres gets its start from snow-fed meaning. The legacy of their abandoned vil - tlers were also drawn to the fertile soil. streams of the Black Range. Up in the lages and artwork can be found throughout Small-scale mining and sawmilling con - pines and piñon, deer, bear and elk still the area, mixed with relics of Spanish explor - tinues in the upper Mimbres. Local farm run nearly as unmolested as they did in ers in the late 1700s and Apache camps. produce is also marketed. Mowry days. — by Betty Woods Ci ty of R ocks The City of Rocks, in the extreme southeastern corner of Grant County, 32 miles south on US180, and 4 miles east on NM61, is a striking result of the geologic process of erosion, a quiet retreat, and a source of unending interest to both adults and children. City of Rocks

Theory is that these formations were planes, with the consequence that the from a distance of a few miles, looks as thrown 180 miles from a volcano near “streets” are more or less the same height. level as though it had been laid off with Albuquerque. For some, the park resem - There are formations which readily sug - surveyor’s instruments. bles a medieval village; for others it is a gest giants’ chairs, prehistoric monsters, or Plant life of the “City” includes collection of misshapen, albeit benign, creatures of imaginative myth. shade-providing evergreen oaks. giants. Essentially, it is a flat-lying sheet of Adjacent to the formations rises Table Dominant plants on the surrounding plain reddish lava which has been chiseled by Mountain, a perfect example of a mesa. are tree yucca, broomweed, and black action of water-borne abrasives into the The appearance suggests a cone accurately grama grass . — by Ross Calvin likeness of a city with streets and build - cut off somewhat below the middle, and ings. The jointing of the rocks has taken the table top, place along vertical rather than horizontal

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SCENIC TOURS – 17 GGiillaa HHiigghh Country Cliff/oGilau, Glnenwtoord,y Mogollon

You will go into the very heart of the 3.3 million acre Gila National Forest, past high meadows, running streams, and sudden vistas.

DAY TRIP 3 GILA HIGH COUNTRY HIGHLIGHTS Fish Hatchery 15 n e l Catwalk 16 l A l l i

Mogollon 20 B : o t

Snow Lake 22 o h P

18 – SCENIC TOURS n 1899 a large section of rugged forested mountains and rolling woodlands was set aside as a new public domain; eventually this would form the base of the almost ii3.3 million acre Gila National Forest (pronounced Hee-la). Today, these mountains and canyons, ranging in eleva - tion from 4,200 to 11,000 feet, comprise one of the nation’s largest undisturbed Mogollon Movie Set natural areas. DAY TRIP 3 In the 1880s Mogollón (“Mug-e- Yone”) roared into existence with a pro - GILA HIGH COUNTRY duction of gold that might have satisfied Map page 17 Coronado. Sgt. Cooney’s discovery (Site 1. Visitors Center. Chamber of Commerce, 201 N. Hudson. 18), despite Apache attacks, produced 2. Chloride Flat. (M112, US 180) Soon after the initial silver strike in 1870, millions of dollars in gold and silver ore. Lorenzo Carrasco and others made new discoveries at Chloride Flat, west of town The ore went down the long trail to Silver . . . the first major silver district in New Mexico, producing over 2 million ounces City in clanking 18-mule team ore wag - in its 20 years. The Carrascos had experience in Mexico. By producing the first marketable silver bullion, Carrasco brought in prospective miners and was largely ons. In the summer, Mogollón offers responsible for the town’s favorable reputation as a mining district. shops and sights that tease your 3. Continental Divide (M109.5, US180) 6,230 ft. You cross the Continental imagination. Many old buildings still Divide four times. stand, and the museum and gallery here 4. Mangas Springs (M94, US180) In the late 1700s the Spanish knew this as preserve interesting artifacts of area histo - Santa Lucía, a meeting place and bivouac for their expeditions. In 1846 Gen. ry. The movie “My Name Is Nobody” Kearney, guided by Kit Carson, met with the Apache chief Mangas Coloradas. Briefly it was an unofficial reservation for the Mimbres Apaches. with Henry Fonda and Terence Hill was 5. Gila/LC Ranch Headquarters (M89, US180) To the north lies the town of filmed here. Gila, former headquarters of the once-famous Lyons-Campbell Ranch (private If you are continuing east on NM159, property). In 1884 the ranch was described as the “largest in the world,” 60 miles have adequate gas and supplies. The next from north to south and 40 miles from east to west. A bona fide “cattle baron,” services will be along the Mimbres River, Thomas Lyons dreamed of an operation that would make this the biggest cattle market west of Kansas City. The dream failed, and in 1917 he was mysteriously 120-170 miles away. Sections of the road to murdered in El Paso. Once part of the LC’s self-sufficient empire, many buildings Snow Lake climb above 9,000 feet. This in Gila remain a testament to the “Lion’s” energy. stretch, from Mogollón through the 6. Bill Evans Lake (M87, US180, W on FR809) This 65-acre lake was created by Willow Creek area, is difficult and a better the Phelps-Dodge Corp. and stocked by the NM Dept. of Game and Fish. This is a fee use area. A fishing license or New Mexico State Game and Fish GAIN permit route is through Reserve, NM, on FS141. is required. WHITEWATER CANYON 7. Gila River Bird Habitat Management Unit (M87, US180) This special This is the site of the famous Catwalk, section of the Gila River in the Gila National Forest is specifically managed as a a central point in the mining saga. A bird habitat. It is a major migration route and a great variety of riparian, water fowl, and desert scrub species can be seen here. Migrations begin in April. See town grew up around a mill built by John direction to this site in Birding Destinations on page 27, site 89. T. Graham in 1893 and lasted less than 8. Fort West Site (M85.5, US180, E on bluff) The first American settlement on 10 years. The mill walls still cling to the the Gila, this fort was established in 1863 as part of a campaign against the west side of the canyon near the Catwalk. Apaches. Abandoned a year after construction, the fort was later dismantled. The mines above the canyon were worked (Now on private property.) from their discovery in 1889 until 1942 9. Gila River (M85, US180).The Gila River starts in the Gila National Forest and flows west to Yuma, AZ, and the Colorado River. It nurtures some of the best (Billy the Kid’s stepfather, William remaining SW riparian habitats. Watch for heron and other birds. Antrim, was a blacksmith at Graham). 10. Cliff (M84, US180) Cliff was settled about 1884 as a farming and ranching com - THE CATWALK munity. To the east are the remains of a four-story, 300-room Salados Indian Mining claims were about 4 miles pueblo, 1425–1575 AD. (private property). The Salado culture was a sub-group of the Anasazi, normally found in Arizona. Sacaton Road is a graveled, scenic alter - upstream from the mill. It could not be nate loop tour to Site 11. It follows the base of the Mogollon Range with 26 miles built closer because of the rough, narrow of breathtaking vistas and access to trailheads into the wilderness. Take NM293 canyon. A 3 mi. long, 4'' metal pipe line north 2.2 miles. Turn left on Sacaton Road, follow it until Forest Road 147, which provided a continuous water supply. An exits 1⁄2 mile north of Aldo Leopold Vista (Site 11). SCENIC TOURS – 19 18'' pipe line was built in 1897 to run a big, new electric generator. The present day Catwalk follows the route of the orig - inal 4'' pipe line . Pipe used in the water line was hauled by up to 40 horses. Ore was pulled down the mountain to an ore chute just above the mill by smaller teams. Brace holes were drilled into the solid rock walls, sometimes 20 feet above the canyon floor, to support the smaller water line. Some of the original 18'' pipes sup - port sections of the present Catwalk trail. Snow Lake The massive rock walls of Whitewater Visit the 7,300-acre Gila River Riparian Preserve, north on NM293, owned by Canyon saw few visitors until the CCC the Nature Conservancy. Over 1⁄3 of the North American bird species have was assigned the task of rebuilding the been sighted there. Catwalk. The present metal catwalk was 11. Leopold Vista (M63.6, US180) This stop offers a superb view of the Gila built by the Forest Service in 1961, and Wilderness. It honors conservationist Aldo Leopold who, influenced by his expe - riences in the Gila National Forest, boldly advanced the field of game manage - upgraded in 2004. ment. Leopold was instrumental in the designation of the Gila Wilderness as the – Eve Simmons country’s first wilderness area. MOGOLLÓN 12. Soldiers Hill (M61.6, US180) To the west, in 1885, U.S. troops pursued Mogollón has fewer than a dozen year- Apache Indians who divided into three groups and caught the soldiers in a dead - round residents and is the subject of ly triple crossfire. The soldiers were buried in the WS cemetery (Site19). many legends. In the 1880s miners in the 13. Glenwood (M50, US180) This pleasant community, at the junction of Whitewater Creek and the San Francisco River, attracts numerous hunters and rip-roaring mining camp “dropped over fishermen. Lodging is available. Western artist Olaf Wieghorst has ties to the hill” to then work a ten-hour day at Glenwood; he served with the Cavalry after Pancho Villa’s raid and later worked Cooney, the site of the Cooney Tomb on area ranches. (Site 18.) For those taking the full loop drive, Glenwood is your last chance until the Mimbres Valley to stock up on supplies and gas! It’s approximately 120-170 miles (depending on route) or 5-7 hours driving time. 14. Alma Jail House and Antrim Cabin (M50.5, US180) The Los Olmos Guest Ranch includes two historic buildings. The Alma jail will give any visitor a claustrophobic sense of prison conditions. The Antrim cabin was built and occu - Neighbors pied by William Antrim, stepfather of Billy the Kid. See “Billy the Kid” story page 22. to the SOUTH 15. Glenwood Hatchery (M50.5, US180) A half mile east toward the Catwalk DAY TRIP 4, M ap Page 17 is the Glenwood Hatchery operated by the State Dept. of Game and Fish. Visit Deming & Visitors are welcome to observe the schools of trout swimming up and down the raceways. Ask about fishing in the pond. the Columbus Area This Day Trip takes you to Deming 16. The Catwalk. Another five miles up the Whitewater Canyon road will bring you to the unusual Catwalk. This 250-foot metal causeway clings to the and Columbus. Take US180/ NM152 sides of the boulder-choked canyon, in some places only 20 feet wide and east to NM61. Right to Lower 250 feet deep. There are many spots where a hiker can leave the trail and relax Mimbres Valley, City of Rocks State on the grassy banks of the sycamore-shaded stream. The trail continues into Park (Site 2-20); Viewpoint (2-21); the Wilderness. From the Catwalk, return to US180. Three miles up US180 is the turnoff to south to Deming Museum; NM11 to the Mogollón ghost town and Snow Lake. Columbus and Pancho Villa State Park. OPTIONAL SIDE TRIP. If you decide to go into Mexico check New Stay on US180 in order to see Alma, Cooney’s Tomb and the WS Ranch. Those not continuing on Identification Requirements. the loop to Mogollón might wish to travel further on scenic US180 and NM12 to the old ranching Return via US180 and visit Ft. community of Reserve, New Mexico. McLane (2-22); Hurley (2-23), Bayard 17. Alma (M46, US180) This small community, once a stop on the “outlaw trail” from Mexico, was used as a refuge by such men as Butch Cassidy and his gang. and Santa Clara (2-24). Continue on US180 to Silver City. 18. Cooney’s Tomb (M46.1, US180, 5 mi. on FR701) Sgt. James Cooney dis - covered riches and began to develop his gold and silver deposits after being dis - DAY TRIP 5, P age 8 charged in 1875. He was killed April 30, 1880, by Victorio and his Apaches. Ghost Towns & Birding Cooney’s mutilated body was found by friends who carved a tomb out of a huge Explore ghost town and great birding sites on boulder here on Mineral Creek. His brother, Capt. M. Cooney, later came from this Day Trip. Chicago to develop the Mogollón mines. South on NM90 see Harrison 19. WS Ranch and Cemetery. (M44.3, US180) Still in operation, this sprawl - Schmitt School (Site 1-7), Freeport- ing ranch was run in the 1890s by the entertaining author, Captain William McMoRan mine (1-8), McComas French. Using aliases, Butch Cassidy and his men once worked as hands at the Massacre (1-9), Lordsburg Museum, WS (private land). In 1885, troops were massacred at Soldiers Hill (#12) and were Shakespeare Ghost Town, Portal (bird - buried in a hillside cemetery here, still visible. At this point, turn and backtrack to M47.4 and the road to Mogollón. The steep, narrow paved road ing in Chiricahua Mtns). Return on to Mogollón is not recommended for large trailers; often closed in winter . NM90. 20 – SCENIC TOURS n o t r u l B e i k c a J y b o t o h P Mineral Creek near Glenwood 20. Mogollón. (M47.4, US180, 9 mi. on NM159) The narrow road to Mogollón first winds to Whitewater Mesa with its high meadow against mountainous backdrop. Almost at the top, you will see across the canyon the tailings of the old Little Fanney Mine (reclaimed in early 1990s), among the richest in the region. Mogollón lies tucked in the narrow valley below. East of Mogollon NM159 to Willow Creek becomes a gravel road. High clearance vehi - cles are recommended. Low clearance vehi - cles and long trailers are not advised. It's closed in winter and opens in May. Call the Whitewater Creek at the Catwalk Gila National Forest at 575-388-8201 or Glenwood Ranger District, 575-539-2481 for road conditions. 21. Willow Creek Area (30 miles on NM159) This gravel road to Willow Creek is among the most beautiful in southwest NM. TThhee CCaattwwaallkk 22. Snow Lake (39 miles east of The mines above the canyon were worked from their discovery in 1889 until Glenwood, FR142) At an altitude of 1942 (Billy the Kid's stepfather, William Antrim, was a blacksmith at Graham). 7,400 feet, the lake is cool and pleasant in the summer. This 100- Five miles up Whitewater Canyon road from acre lake offers fishing, camping, hiking, and picnicking. Glenwood will bring you to the west end of the Return to US180. From Beaverhead east you unusual Catwalk. This 250-foot metal causeway are on the Gerónimo Trail Scenic Byway. Or continue via FR28, FR141, and FR150, to clings to the sides of boulder-choked Whitewater NM35. FR150 is 40 miles of dirt/gravel, and Canyon, which in some places is only 20 feet wide high-clearance vehicles are recommended. At NM35 it joins the Trail of the Mountain and 250 feet deep. There are many spots where a Spirits Scenic Byway. Return to Silver City via NM35/152 or NM35/15. hiker can leave the steel causeway and relax on the 23. The Outer Loop. Gila High grassy banks of the sycamore-shaded stream. Country. (FS150). The roads that circumvent the Gila Wilderness are Whitewater Canyon, site of the famous Catwalk, was a central point in the mining saga. called the Outer Loop. See map on The town called both Graham and Whitewater grew up around a mill built by John T. page 17. The drive is an adventure, the scenery is outstanding, but be Graham in 1893 and lived less than 10 years. All that remains to mark the spot is part of the prepared for a long day. From Silver mill walls still clinging to the west side of the canyon near the entrance to The Catwalk. The City it's about 11 hours to complete mines above the canyon were worked from their discovery in 1889 until 1942 (Billy the the loop. 7 hours are spent driving Kid's stepfather, William Antrim, was a blacksmith at Graham). from Mogollon to NM35 in the The Helen Mining Company was first to develop 13 claims about 4 miles upstream from Mimbres River Valley on dirt or grav - el roads. High-clearance, 4-wheel the mill, which could not be built closer to the mines because of the rough, narrow canyon. drive vehicles are advised. RV's and A 3-mile, 4-inch metal pipeline provided a continuous water supply to the town and its elec - trailers are not recommended. tric generator. A larger 18" pipeline was built in 1897 to run a big, new generator. Today’s Traffic is light so take an emergency Catwalk follows the route of the original line. road kit, food, water, warm clothing Pipe used in the water line was delivered to the site on wagons drawn by teams of up to and full tank of gas. Take a Gila National Forest Map available at the 40 horses. Ore was pulled down the mountain by smaller teams to an ore chute, located on Gila National Forest Office in Silver the ridge just above the mill. Brace holes were drilled into the solid rock walls, sometimes 20 City or the Glenwood Ranger feet above the canyon floor, to hold the timbers and iron bars that supported the smaller Station in Glenwood. water line along its meandering course. Some of the original 18" pipes support sections of From Silver City to Mogollon follow US180 then turn right onto NM159; from Mogollon the present-day Catwalk. to Willow Creek follow NM 159 (dirt road); The massive rock walls of Whitewater Canyon saw few visitors until the Civilian from Willow Creek follow FR28 to FR142 then turn right to Snow Lake; from Snow Conservation Corps. was assigned the task of rebuilding The Catwalk as a recreation attrac - Lake to Beaver Head Work Center follow FR142 then turn right on NM59; from tion for the Gila National Forest. The present metal catwalk was built by the Forest Service Beaverhead Work Center to NM 35 follow FR 150. Return to Silver City via NM 35 and in 1961 and extensively renovated in 2004. NM 152. The Catwalk is located 5 mi. east of Glenwood, past the Glenwood Hatchery, an excellent stop to visit !

SCENIC TOURS – 21 BBiillllyy tthhee KKiidd “Come gather round and I’ll sing you a song, A tale of Pat Garrett and the Kid who went wrong, Way down in New Mexico, long, long ago, Where a man’s only law was his own forty-four.

Now when Billy the Kid was a very young lad, In old Silver City he went to the bad. Way out West with a knife in his hand, At the age of twelve years he killed his first man.” Billy the Kid –from the “Ballad of Billy the Kid”

BILLY’S ROOTS. The myth that Billy the Kid killed his had our chores to do, like washing the dishes and other duties first man in Silver City is just that—one of many legends sur - about the house. Billy got to be quite a reader. He would scarce - rounding this young gunslinger’s career. Possibly the most written- ly have his dishes washed, until he would be sprawled over about western figure, little is actually known about Billy the Kid’s somewhere reading a book.” early childhood. He was probably born around 1859 in New York BILLY’S MOTHER DIES. On September 16, 1874, City. In 1873 he was a witness at the marriage of his mother, Mrs. Antrim died of consumption (tuberculosis). The local Catherine McCarty, to William Antrim in Santa Fe. Like many newspaper reported simply “the funeral occurred at the family New Mexicans, Antrim was a jack-of-all-trades with a burning residence on Main Street at 2:00 on Thursday.” Billy’s mother desire to strike it rich. So within months of acquiring a wife and was buried in town; later moved to the Memory Lane Cemetery two sons, Billy’s stepfather moved his family to the southwest’s off US180, where her grave can be found (1-21). newest and richest mining district— Silver City. Billy got a job waiting tables at the nearby Star Hotel (Site MEMORIES OF BILLY. Today in Silver City, Billy’s 1-5.) Sheriff H.H .Whitehill reminisced that the boy’s first memory lives in family stories handed down and in our imag - “offense was the theft of several pounds of butter from a ranch - inations. In a 1902 interview, Sheriff Whitehill summed up man . . . which he disposed of to one of the local merchants.” his memories of the Kid: FIRST ARREST. Billy’s boyhood friend, Anthony Conner, “There was one peculiar characteristic that to an experi - ascribed Billy’s new predilection to his reading matter. “Finally enced man-hunter would have marked him immediately as a he took to reading the Police Gazette and dime novels. One bad man,” the sheriff remarked with placid hindsight, “and night he robbed a Chinese laundry. I think it was regarded by that was his dancing eyes. They never were at rest, but contin - him as more of a prank than anything else. But Sheriff Harvey ually shifted and roved much like his own rebellious nature.” Whitehill locked him up for it . . . Mr. Whitehill only wished to We have added brief notes on the Billy the Kid sites scare him.” found in Day Trips 1 and 3. ESCAPE FROM JAIL (SITE 1-3). The sheriff’s BOYHOOD HOME. In the rough mining boom town, account agrees that putting the 15-year-old Billy in jail was William Antrim purchased a lot on the east side of Main meant only to convince the youngster of the perils of crime. Street, now the Big Ditch, south end of Visitors Center. The adobe jailhouse stood on the site of today’s Forest (Site 1-4). The log cabin where the Antrim family lived was Service warehouses on Hudson Street. Billy complained to eventually torn down in 1894. By many accounts, Antrim was Whitehill of a lack of exercise, and was allowed once a day in a negligent father, away long periods of time on the perennial the jail’s corridor. Left alone 30 minutes, the slender Billy quest for gold and silver. Mrs. Antrim, who suffered from tuber - promptly climbed out the jail’s chimney and escaped. culosis, took in boarders to support the family. Silver City’s reaction was casual. The Grant County Herald SCHOOL LIFE. Like any kid in town, Billy, then named commented briefly: “Henry McCarty, who was arrested on Henry McCarty, went to school. A classmate, Anthony Thursday and committed to jail to await the action of the Conner, remembers him: Grand Jury upon charges of stealing clothes from Charley Sun “He was very slender. He was undersized and was really girl - and Sam Chung, celestials, sans cues, sans Joss sticks, escaped ish-looking. I don’t think he weighed over 75 pounds. He had from prison yesterday through the chimney. It’s believed that coal black hair and coal black eyes . . . I never remember Billy Henry was simply the tool of ‘Sombrero Jack’ who done the doing anything out of the way, any more than the rest of us. We stealing while Henry done the hiding. Jack has skinned out.”

22 – SCENIC TOURS FaOmtheor us NAMES

The draw of mining riches, great climate and solitude brought famous names to Silver City: Photo: Alfred S. Addis Courtesy of Museum of NM.(Negative No. 99054) Boyhood Home of Billy the Kid Teddy Roosevelt. In 1913 he stayed at today’s Burro Mountain Homestead; hunted the XSX Ranch. BILLY THE KID TOUR Franklin D. Roosevelt. While Secretary of the HIGHLIGHTS Navy, he and Eleanor also visited the Homestead, as Cabin Site 1-4 friends of the Fergusons. Mother’s Grave 1-21 Kit Carson. Scouted for Gen. Kearney, passing by Jail Escape Site 1-3 Santa Rita mine in 1846, later as a teamster there. He Garrett Hearse 1-23 hauled supplies and hunted for Piños Altos stores. Butch Cassidy (& the Wild Bunch). “Jim Today’s Cabin. The cabin on the site was Lowe’s cowhands” at WS Ranch near Glenwood designed after an 1870’s cabin, the era when Billy lived here in town. The cabin was donated between robberies. by producer-director Ron Howard and used in his George Hearst. George and Phoebe Hearst, par - 2003 movie, “The Missing”. ents of William Randolph Hearst, owned a Piños Altos Silver City in Late 1870s mine (1-22), the Santa Rita copper mine (2-18), and a ranch near Deming. Lorenzo Carrasco. Owned early mines and mills in Silver City; (Judge) Roy Bean. Ran a store in Piños Altos with his brother Sam. (Site 1-27) Gen. “Black Jack” Pershing. Assigned to Fort Bayard as 2nd Lieutenant in 1886-87. (Site 2-19) Major Gen. Claire Chennault. Later gained fame with the Flying Tigers in China. He crashed a Ft. Bliss (TX) plane on an unauthorized forest fishing trip in the Gila. Geronimo, Nana, Cochise, Chato, Victorio & Natchez. Roamed area. Geronimo born near Cliff Dwellings. Mangas Coloradas (Red Sleeves). Apache chief was persuaded to surrender in Piños Altos and then was killed at Ft. McLane in 1863. (Site 2-22.) Chicago White Stockings (White Sox). Held their spring training at Faywood Hot Springs (near Today’s Cabin Site 2-20), when the team was owned by A.J. Spalding (sporting goods). FIRST KILLING. In Arizona, in 1877, the waifish 17-year-old shot a Stewart Granger and wife Jean blacksmith who was bullying him in a bar. A jury found the murder “unjus - Simmons. Owned the 7-L-Bar Ranch, part of tifiable.” Billy fled back to New Mexico. He was befriended by Tunstall in today’s Ponderosa. Lincoln, and was treated as a son for the first time. When Tunstall was William Goodrich (tires), Gus Hilton killed, Billy became embroiled in the County War, a dispute between two (hotels) (Conrad’s father) and Mark parties battling for economic control of the rich county. Gunfighter and Twain. Reported visitors at Southern Hotel. rustler, Billy went on to escape from two more jails, to meet Gov. Lew Col. José Carrasco and Don Francisco Wallace (author of “Ben Hur”) and to become something of a popular folk de Elquea were early owners of Santa Rita mine. figure. By the age of 21, he could be linked to the deaths of at least 12 men. (Site 2-18) Finally on July 14, 1881, the young outlaw was killed in a gun battle with Herbert Hoover. Was 1898 asst. manager of Sheriff Pat Garrett. mine in Carlisle (near Arizona); Marshall Field (Chicago Garrett’s sensational “The Authentic Life of Billy the Kid,” included the dept. store) was there too. tall tale that the 12-year-old Billy knifed his first man in Silver City. Astronaut Harrison “Jack” Schmitt. Garrett was carried to his grave in the hearse at Site 1-23. Geologist on Apollo 17 grew up here. Lottie Deno. A well-known gambler at George- BILLY’S BROTHER AND STEPFATHER. Billy’s brother, Joseph, town and the inspiration for Miss Kitty on Gunsmoke. stayed until in 1884 he was arrested in a fracas; later became a miner and Other Names: Bronze medalist George Young, the gambler of little fame. Billy’s stepfather, William Antrim, continued as for - only American to run in four Olympics; Ralph Kiner, tune-seeker and served as a mine superintendent in Mogollon. Antrim died Baseball Hall of Fame (Pirates/Mets); Billy Casper, in California in the 1920s. Professional golfer.

SCENIC TOURS – 23 Mining Mangas Coloradas, “Red Sleeves,” chief of the Apache nation, sent arrows tipped with copper flying into camps as his “calling cards.” Kit Carson wrote of storing a load of furs in an old mine at Santa Rita.

SANTA RITA Mining Equipment APACHE MINERS. Indians harvested the copper that “grew from the ground in fernlike pieces.” Mangas Coloradas or “Red Sleeves,” chief of the Apache DAY TRIP 6 nation, sent arrows tipped with copper flying into camps as his “calling cards.” This was after Indians were slain in 1837 by a howitzer concealed in the brush. The Indians cut off all supplies, MINING remnants of the camp fled south; Santa Rita remained a ghost town until 1858. (SELF-GUIDED) Map page 17 SPANISH MINERS. The Santa Rita del Cobre Mine was old when the California Gold Rush began. Lt. Col. José Carrasco ignored orders to destroy the Apache. Instead, he did a favor for the TRIP #6: MINING (Self-Guided) gives a good feel for the extent mining has influ - Indians who showed him native copper and where to find more. enced history in this area. Use with the About 1800, Carrasco and a party of 24 arrived in Santa Rita and opened the second oldest cop - Tour 2, heading east on US180 & NM152. Highway milepost markers were used to per mine in the U.S. (only Lake Superior’s deposits were known earlier). aid you (e.g., M2.3, NM152). Round-trip AMERICAN MINERS. Trappers seeking beaver learned about the mine. Kit Carson wrote of mileage from Silver City: sites A-N, 45 mi.; Site O, 30 mi.; sites P-R, 20 mi. storing a load of furs in an old mine. Sylvester Pattie decided to buy it, but left when a trusted employee absconded with $30,000 of his capital. A. Kneeling Nun (M2.3, END OF INDIAN RAIDS. In 1872, Cochise, successor to Mangas Coloradas, agreed to move NM152) See Tour 2-17. his tribesmen to reservations. Martin B. Hayes took over the old copper mines, including one B. Mathis Lime (M3.2, known as the “Chino” (“Chinaman”), but Gerónimo continued to war against the whites. While NM152) Lime for copper Gerónimo was held captive (1877–1882), J. Parker Whitney bought out the Santa Rita. Richer recovery. veins played out. At that time, no one knew the low-grade sulphide rock would become the foun - C. Kearney Mine (M5.7, dation of one of state’s greatest industries. NM152 on the left) The head - CHINO MINES — from Chino frame and dump on the hill to your left was a zinc mine John Sully, at the request of G.E. Co. in 1904, studied the property for possible operation as an open operated by Peru Mining or pit mine. But G.E. lost interest. Sully persevered, and received financial backing in 1909, starting its successor until 1974. Chino Copper Company, and built a new mill at Hurley (9 mi. away). Kennecott bought the mine in the 1930s, built a smelter in 1939, added a fire refinery in 1942, a reduction mill in 1983, and a new D. Santa Rita/Chino smelter in 1984. Mitsubishi bought 30% in the early 1980s. Phelps Dodge bought the remaining Open Pit Copper Mine 70% later. Freeport-McMoRan purchased the mine in 2007 and the smelter was dismantled in 2007. (M6, NM152) See details in Regularly scheduled Historic mining district tours available on the second Tuesday of each month from the Bayard Tour 2-18. Mine and concen - City Hall, 800 Central, Bayard. Tours leave at 10am on a Corre Caminos bus. Reservations are required at $5 and are 1 trator in distance to right, about 1 ⁄2 hours. Learn more about the underground mining history of the area. View historic mine headframes and the open pit copper mine at Santa Rita by a knowledgeable guide. Call 537-3327 for reservations and information. operated by Freeport- McMoRan, produce a copper TYRONE concentrate. The copper was Tyrone started up in 1909 when the Phelps Dodge Corp. bought several claims, the first of 300 they then pumped via pipes to would own by 1916. Mrs. James Douglas and Mrs. Dodge engaged Bertram Goodhue, later of San Site N. Copper sulfate from a Diego Exposition fame, who designed Spanish-type office buildings and homes—excluding out - leaching operation is also door plumbing, saloons, and brothels. When mines closed nationwide in 1921, Tyrone became the processed through a solvent “most beautiful ghost town in the west” and served for a time as a dude ranch. Sept. 1, 1966, Phelps extraction/electrowinning Dodge established its large open pit copper mine and mill, and the “Sleeping Beauty” awakened. plant (to east) resulting in Fred Borenstein is said to have bought the $100,000 railroad depot for salvage and sold it for $1. plates of .999 copper. He didn’t have the heart to wreck it. Freeport-McMoRan purchased the Tyrone mine in 2007. E. Georgetown Site and — from Silver City Enterprise Cemetery (M6.9, NM152) Georgetown, once called the treasure vault of New Mexico, was a silver-mining boomtown that prospered until the Silver Panic of 1893. The cemetery is 4 mi. north on scenic Georgetown Rd. The town site is 1 mi. north of the cemetery.

24 – SCENIC TOURS Santa Rita Pit (Return west on NM152, 2 mi. to NM356 (Fierro Rd), CHECK MILEAGE, and turn north) . F. Empire Zinc Mine & Mill (0.3 mi. on Fierro Rd) NJ Zinc was operated by New Jersey Zinc until 1970. G. Republic Mine (1.6 mi.). Iron mine workings on left (also NE). Fort H. St. Anthony’s Church (2.8 mi.) Old church with superb view Fort Bayard Bayard of Site I from parking lot. Stone NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK religious grotto. I. Cobre Mining Mine and Fort Bayard served as U.S. Army post during Mill (Seen from Site H) Sharon Indian Wars 1866-1899 and as an Army Steel operated this mill, open pit, Sanatorium from 1899-1920. Today it provides and underground mine until copper prices dropped too low. Now geriatric care and substance abuse treatment. Cobre Mining. Forest Road to North. Return south on Once home to the Mimbres and "Red Paint" Chiricahua Apaches, irregular caval - NM356, CHECK MILEAGE when crossing NM152. ry troops protecting settlements had camped in the area during the Civil War. J. Princess Mine (NM356, 0.2 In 1865, it was requested that a new fort be established in the southwestern mi., on hill to left). Headframe is region. In 1866, the 125th U.S. Infantry established Fort Bayard between Piños Altos US Smelting & Refining’s old and Santa Rita. The post was name Fort Bayard in honor of Gen. Bayard who had Princess mine operated through served in the Territory before being killed at the Battle of Fredericksburg. the 1960s. In 1871 a lieutenant described the fort: "The locality was all that could be K. Combination Mine (NM356, desired; the Post everything undesirable." From 1873-75 it went from tents and huts 0.5 mi. on right). The remains of an to adobe officers’ quarters. Later the Fort was known as one of the most old ASARCO lead-zinc mine; attractive posts in the southwest. reclaimed in 1995. Fort Bayard was home to Native American Indian Scouts, L. Santa Rita Concentrator Buffalo Soldiers (several were Medal of Honor recipients, (NM356, 2.5 mi. to NE). Leach recognized by the statue of honoree Cpl. Clinton dump is on hill to right. Greaves), and Will Cathay (A.K.A. Cathy Williams) M. Vanadium (NM356, 2.6 mi. who was the only known female Buffalo Soldier. right) ASARCO’s Ground Hog lead- Gen. George Crook and Lt. "Black Jack" Pershing served zinc mine and mill until late 1970s. at the post. The Indian threat ended when Gerónimo sur - Go south 2.5 mi., turn right onto rendered in 1886. US180 and return to Silver City. Return via US180, go south 15 mi. on NM90 . In 1899, facing abandonment, they transferred it to the N. Freeport-McMoRan Tyrone Army Medical Department because Mine (M32, NM90) Leached cop - of the healing qualities of the high per sulfate is processed through a altitude and dry sunny climate. It solvent extraction/electrowinning became the first U. S. Army plant, giving .999 copper. tuberculosis sanatorium, with Return through Silver City, north on NM15. Major D.D.M. Bushnell in O. Hearst Mine (M5.1, NM15) charge. R.N. Kinney, later direc - Details on Tour 1-22. The Hearst tor of Army Nurses Corps, supervised the mine was in the saddle (to west) inclusion of female nurses in the Department. between peaks. In 1922, under the Veterans Administration, P. Burro-Drawn Arrastra Site WW-I and WW-II veterans were rehabilitated. (M7.8, NM15) Burro-drawn arrastra German POWs were housed. In 1965 under the to grind ore in mid-1800s. State of New Mexico it was made a long-term A short dirt road leads to a parking area for this site. (Site 2-4) health care center. The 1866 cemetery was named a Q. Legal Tender Mine (Directly National Cemetery in 1976. west, behing the County Court- Fort Bayard was designated a New Mexico house.) City’s original silver mine. Historic District in 2001 and a National Historic R. Mineral Museum (2 blocks Landmark in 2004. north on Little Walnut Road) Mineral displays at Royal Scepter for the rock - hounder and those interested in the history and beauty of rock specimens.

SCENIC TOURS – 25 r e m h a s i h l F e P h p l b a o R B : : o o t t o o h h P P Male Lesser Goldfinch Blackhawk over the Gila Hummingbird Birding 339 species, approximately 85% of the bird species that can be seen in New Mexico.

Southwest New Mexico has a well-deserved reputation for birding. The lush riparian river valleys, scenic mountains and canyons, and the surrounding grasslands of the Gila National Forest attract about 339 species, approximately 85% of the bird species that can be seen in New Mexico. The scenic byways of Grant County offer beautiful vistas and a variety of habitats you can visit in a leisurely day’s drive. A morning can be spent birding along the Gila River looking for warblers and flycatchers. The afternoon can be spent in the cool pines of Cherry Creek looking for tanagers and yes, more warblers. Birding in Grant County has year-around rewards. In winter there are many locations that offer scenery of beautiful rock forma - tions, sandy washes and hidden springs that are a magnet for wintering birds. Spring migrations begin in mid-to-late April with a flow of migrants up the Gila River Valley. Summer offers excellent birding in the cool forested mountains, as well as the river valleys. A small sampling of the species found here include Montezuma Quail, Common Black Hawk, Red-faced Warbler, Lucy’s Warbler, Olive Warbler, Rose-breasted Grosbeak, Hepatic Tanager, Vermillion Flycatcher, Stellar’s and Pinyon Jays, Bald and Golden Eagles, American Dipper, Nuthatches, Acorn Woodpeckers, and the Juniper and Bridled Titmouse. Hummingbird species include Allen’s, Black-chinned, Broad-tailed, Calliope, Blue-throated, Magnificent, and Rufous. Put Grant County and the Gila National Forest on your list of birding destinations. - Jackie Blurton SOUTHWEST BIRDING TRAIL. Southwest New Mexico was the first area of the state to develop a birding guide. Forty-one sites were selected and include a wide variety of habitats. The official Southwestern New Mexico Birding Trail maps are available through area Chambers of Commerce and United States Forest Service offices, as well as local Audubon chapters. For more information on these birding sites go to: www.oldwestcountry.com and www.tmsbyway.com. OVER 20 BIRDING AREAS IDENTIFIED . It’s been said that this area is one of the top birding spots in the nation and birders who visit regularly believe this is true. Follow the sites.

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26 – SCENIC TOURS Birding Destinations in Grant County

WRITTEN BY JACKIE BLURTON SEE MAP ON PAGE 31 Birding In & Near Silver City We offer this guide as your introduction to some of the best birding locations in Grant County. Travel times are B1. The Big Ditch Park in Silver City from Silver City. Area maps and SW New Mexico Birding Once the main street of Silver City in the late Maps are available at the Silver City - Grant County 1800s, this unique park was created by a series Chamber of Commerce at 201 N. Hudson in Silver City. of floods in the early 1900s. It’s a pleasant These locations are keyed to the Grant County place to bird in addition to visiting historic downtown Silver City. Recreation Map. Location: At the Silver City Grant Co. Chamber of Commerce Visitor Center. American, southwest and nature books. pull off with a trashcan where you can park and walk along the road to bird. The road Facilities: Restrooms at Visitor Center. Location: North on NM 15, milepost 46. intersects again with Hwy 180. The sign at Habitat: Riparian. Travel time one-way: 1 hour 45 minutes. this junction says Mangas Springs. Facilities: Toilets at the Visitor Center, Cliff Travel time one-way: 20 minutes. B2. Little Walnut Picnic Area Dwellings Entry Station, and picnic areas; Facilities: None. entry fee for Gila Cliff Dwelling National This Gila National Forest picnic area north of Habitat: Marsh, cottonwoods and willows. Silver City has well-signed trails and offers bird - Monument trail. Habitat: Riparian, ponderosa pine, piñon- B9. Gila River Bird Habitat ing as well as pleasant hiking . juniper, and oak woodlands Location: North from Silver City on Little Management Unit Walnut Road. The Gila River Bird Habitat on the Gila Travel time one-way: 15 minutes. Birding East of Silver City National Forest is a major migration route. Facilities: Toilets, picnic tables. B6. Ft. Bayard Wildlife Refuge Location: West on Hwy 180 then left at the Habitat: Ponderosa pine, piñon-juniper and Bill Evens Lake turnoff, milepost 87. In oak woodlands. Historic Ft. Bayard was a frontier cavalry fort in about 3.5 miles there is a Y-intersection. the late 1800s. A National Cemetery is located Continue straight south onto the gravel B3. Cherry Creek & McMillen here. Marked National Recreation Trails in the road which will take you to the Gila River Campgrounds refuge offer pleasant hiking and opportunities Bird Habitat. It’s about 5 miles. The gravel road will ascend into the hills away from the This beautiful canyon offers excellent birding to see elk. for forest species. The campgrounds are a mile river for a few miles and than return to the Location: East on Hwy 180, turn left at light river at the River Vista parking area. You’ll apart and there are signs indicating each to Ft Bayard then follow the signs for forest find excellent birding as you follow the entrance. road 536. The road dead ends in 3 miles at paths through cottonwoods and river wil - Location : North on NM 15, milepost 11.5 the trailhead but you can pull off at several lows along the river. and 12.5. locations along the way to bird. Travel time one-way: 1 hour. Travel time one-way: 30 minutes. Travel time one-way: 15 minutes. Facilities: Toilet at each location. Facilities: Toilets, picnic tables. Facilities: None Habitat: Aquatic, riparian, and desert Habitat: Riparian and mixed conifer. Habitat: Riparian, grasslands, piñon- foothills. juniper, and oak woodlands. B4. Lake Roberts B10. Gila River Iron Bridge This beautiful mountain lake offers B7. Black Range Conservation Area excellent birding for waterfowl and mountain The Black Range offers a beautiful You can bird from the beautiful iron bridge species. The State Game Commission owns variety of scenery and convenient places to that spans the Gila River. Lake Roberts and a GAIN (Gain Access Into park and bird in the National Forest camp - Location: West on Hwy 180 to the Gila River Bridge, milepost 85. After crossing the Gila Nature) permit is required. This special permit grounds along NM 152. These campgrounds River take an immediate left onto Iron helps wildlife and is available at Wal-Mart and are Lower Gallinas, Upper Gallinas, Railroad Bridge Road. Go a short distance farther Canyon, and Iron Creek. and park at the boulders. You can see the Doc Campbell’s Post near the Gila Cliff Iron Bridge from here. Go through the gate Dwellings. The cost is $9 for a 5-day permit or Location: East on Hwy 180 then left on in the fence to get to the bridge. $20 annually. NM 152. Travel time one-way: 45 minutes. Travel time one-way: 1 hour. Location: North on NM 15 then right on Facilities: None. NM 35 to Lake Roberts. Facilities: Toilets, picnic tables. Habitat: Aquatic, riparian. Habitat: Riparian, mixed conifer. Travel time one-way: 1 hour 15 minutes. B11. Catwalk of Whitewater Facilities: Toilets, picnic tables. Canyon Habitat: Aquatic, ponderosa pine, piñon- The Catwalk National Recreation Trail, made juniper and oak woodlands Birding West of Silver City up of metal walkways attached to the rock B5. The Gila Cliff Dwellings B8. Mangas Springs. walls of Whitewater Canyon, make this a National Monument This small marsh along Hwy 180 is an oasis in unique birding excursion. Trail 151 from the Monument provides good the surrounding arid grasslands. Location: West on Hwy 180 to Glenwood, access for birding along the West Fork of the mile marker 50, then turn right on NM 174. Location: West on Hwy 180 between mile - Gila River. You can also bird on the half-mile Travel time one-way: 1 hour 15 min. post 96 and 95 on west side of highway. walk to the Gila Cliff Dwellings. The Visitor Turn west onto McMillen Road, which paral - Facilities: Toilets and picnic area Center has a great selection of Native lels Hwy 180 for a half-mile. There’s a small Habitat: Riparian

SCENIC TOURS – 27 HIKING IN GRANT COUNTY

WRITTEN AND PHOTOGRAPHED BY JACKIE BLURTON

“Mountain peaks will beckon you.”

Grant County, a land of contrast and diversity, is a splendid place for hiking in all seasons. You don’t have to go far to find a trail to r o n n

set your feet upon and enjoy one of our great recreational pastimes. o C ’ O

A few minutes walk from the road and you’ll be surrounded with y k c e solitude and the whisper of pines and aspens. Pool-filled canyons B y b o lead you through shady forests and sun-filled meadows. t o h Mountain peaks will beckon you. There are trails that follow the P A natural rock formation The Gila Wilderness very crest of the Black Range and the Mogollon Mountains and offer spectacular, boundless vistas. Far below, hidden canyons of cliffs and spires where eagles and ravens soar, wind their serpentine way to the far distant plains. If you have a passion to hike the backbone of the continent, the Continental Divide Trail runs right through Grant County. Many sections of trail are new and offer outstanding day hikes. Come hiking in Grant County. You’ll marvel at this unique country. Shear volcanic cliffs tower above river corridors. Pinnacles of rock rise from the mountainsides like dragons teeth. Hidden springs provide a focal point for wildlife and the activities of ancient peoples and frontier miners. Grasslands and piñon/juniper wood - lands skirt the mountains. Pine and aspen forests grace the peaks. Blue mountains blend into blue skies on the horizon. Hiking in the Gila You won’t find trailhead parking lots crammed with cars. You will find great beauty, solitude, and wonderful trails. A large portion of MAPS : Gila National Forest maps, wilderness maps and trail the Gila National Forest is in Grant County and has an extensive information are available at the Gila National Forest office, 3005 system of maintained trails. The forest includes the 558,065-acre E. Camino Del Bosque, Silver City, NM 88061, and at the Gila Wilderness, and the 202,016-acre Aldo Leopold Wilderness. District Ranger Stations.

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28 – SCENIC TOURS Hiking Destinations in Grant County WRITTEN BY JACKIE BLURTON SEE MAP ON PAGE 31

Hiking Near Silver City Here are a few of our favorite day hikes. Travel time to H1. Little Walnut Picnic Area/Gomez the trailheads is from Silver City. Trail mileage is approx - Peak Trail System imate. Area maps are available at the Silver City/Grant There are well-signed loop trails. County Chamber of Commerce. Gila National Forest and Location: North of Silver City on Little Wilderness maps are available at the Gila National Walnut Road Travel time one-way: 15 min Forest Supervisors Office, 3005 E. Camino Del Bosque Facilities: Toilets, picnic area in Silver City, and at District Ranger Stations. Vegetation: Ponderosa, piñon-juniper Hiking North of Silver City Travel time one-way: 1 hr 45 min. Hiking West of Silver City H2. Signal Peak Trail #742 Facilities: Toilet H9. Little Dry Creek Trail #180 This is a nice half-day, 5-mile roundtrip hike Vegetation: Ponderosa, piñon-juniper to the Signal Peak lookout tower at 9000 ft. It’s 4.5 miles to Windy Gap at 8200 ft up Hiking East of Silver City this narrow canyon with a stream and pools. Location: North on NM 15, milepost 14; look for the trailhead sign on the right and H6. Fort Bayard Wildlife Refuge Location: West on Hwy 180; turn right on Forest Road 147 about 1 mile after the Aldo parking pull-off on the left The refuge is part of the Gila National Travel time one-way: 30 min. Leopold Historical Monument; go 3.5 miles, Forest and has many trails but few signs. then left on Forest Road 196; it’s about 4 Facilities: None A favorite destination is a 4-mile round- miles to the trailhead. Vegetation: Mixed conifer, oak trip hike to the Big Tree, a 600-year-old Travel time one-way: 1.5 hr H3. Gila River, Middle Fork Trail #157 Alligator Juniper. The trail is marked. Facilities: None Vegetation: Mixed conifer, aspen and West Fork Trail #151 Location: East on Hwy 180, left at the light Trail #157 begins at the Gila Cliff to Fort Bayard. Stay to the right at all the H10. Holt Apache Trail #181 Dwellings Visitor Center. Trail #151 “Y” intersection until you come to Forest It’s 5 miles and a 2800 ft elevation gain from begins at the entry station to the Gila Road 536. Go 3 miles on the gravel road to the parking area at the end of the road. the trailhead to Holt Spring at 9200 ft. Cliff Dwellings. These are out and back Travel time one-way: 30 min Location: West on Hwy 180; look for the hikes, so go as far as you want. Both have Facilities: None #181 trail sign on the right side of the road numerous river crossings and appropriate Vegetation: Ponderosa, piñon-juniper about 4 miles after the Aldo Leopold Historical Monument; it’s 4 miles on Forest footwear is recommended. I use fabric Road 146 to the trailhead. and leather boots that I don’t mind get - H7. Gallinas Canyon Trail #129 and Railroad Canyon Trail #128 Travel time one-way: 1 hr ting wet. Don’t hike these trails when Both trails begin from the same trailhead. Facilities: None rivers are at flood stage. Vegetation: Mixed conifer, aspen At 1.5 miles the trail divides. Trail #129 Location : North on NM 15 at the Gila Cliff Dwellings Monument switchbacks up a slope to the left and goes H11. Catwalk National Recreation Travel time one-way: 1 hr 45 min up Gallinas Canyon 4.5 miles to the crest Trail, Whitewater Trail #207 Facilities: Toilets and picnic areas of the Black Range at 9000 ft. Trail #128 The Catwalk National Recreation Trail is Environment: Riparian, ponderosa continues up Railroad Canyon 3.5 miles to 1.1 miles of suspended metal walkways, the crest of the Black Range at 8800 ft. stairs and bridges. Trail #207 continues on H4. Little Creek Trail #160 Location: East on NM 152 in the Black up the canyon if you want to hike further. Trail #160 climbs a ridge with great views Range; look for trailhead sign for #129 on Location: West on Hwy 180 to Glenwood; of mountains and canyons. It’s 4.25 miles the left. turn right onto Whitewater Road and go 5 one-way to Little Creek. You can make a Travel time one-way: 50 min. miles to the end of the road. 9-mile loop by hiking #160, #162, EE Facilities: Toilet Travel time one-way: 1.5 hr Canyon Trail #813, and West Fork Trail Vegetation: Mixed conifer Facilities: Picnic area and toilets; fee area #151 back to the Gila Cliff Dwellings. H8. Black Range Crest Trail #79 Vegetation: Riparian, piñon-juniper Location: On NM15, before the Gila Cliff Crest Trail #79 South from Emory Pass: Dwellings National Monument This is a great hike along the Black Range Hiking South of Silver City Travel time one-way: 1 hr 45 min. crest through cool pines and aspens. It’s 4 Facilities: Toilet H12. Continental Divide Trail Vegetation: Ponderosa, piñon-juniper miles one way to Sawyers Peak at 9640 ft. This is part of the Continental Divide Crest Trail #79 North from Emery Pass: National Recreation Trail. The trail going H5. Little Bear Canyon Trail #729 This trail offers many exceptional vistas. north from the parking area climbs up to This trail takes you over a ridge and An excellent day hike destination is the Jacks Peak at 8000 ft. The trail going south through the beautiful Little Bear Can- 5.5-mile hike to the lookout tower on goes through high desert hills and washes. yon narrows to the Middle Fork of Hillsboro Peak at 10,011 ft. Location: South on Hwy 90 on north side of the Gila River. It’s 4.25 miles one-way . Location: East on NM 152 in the Black road between milepost 20 and 21. Flash floods are possible in Little Bear Range at Emory Pass Travel time one-way: 20 min during rainstorms. Travel time one-way: 1 hr. Facilities: None Location: North on NM 15, before the Facilities: Toilet Vegetation: High desert, piñon-juniper, oak Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument Vegetation: Mixed conifer, aspen woodlands; conifers on Jacks Peak

SCENIC TOURS – 29 Cycling & Biking Destinations in Grant County WRITTEN BY JACKIE BLURTON SEE MAP ON PAGE 3 1

Mountain Bike Rides Grant Count has some of the best year-around bicycling. Here are some of our favorite mountain and road rides. Area maps are available at the Silver City/Grant County Chamber of Commerce, 201 N. Hudson Street in Silver City. More information, bike lane markings or shoulders. It’s 18 miles gear, sales and service are available Motorcycle Tours in Grant Co. at the bike shops in Silver City. from Piños Altos to the junction with NM Welcome to our scenic byways. 35. There are several good turn-around Beautiful mountain scenery and good M1. Burro CDT South points if you don’t want to go all the way. roads make Grant County a great This is a new segment of the Continental The last 3-mile descent into Sapillo Creek motorcycling destination. Divide Trail (CDT). is steep with blind hairpin curves. Approximate mileages and travel times are from Silver City. Area maps are available Location: South from Silver City on NM 90 Directions: Ride north from Silver City on at the Silver City Grant County Chamber between milepost 22 & 21. Turn right onto NM 15 of Commerce, 201 N Hudson Street in Forest Road 282. At the end of the road park Terrain: Winding mountain roads Silver City . near the trailhead sign for Jacks Peak. Across the grassy clearing to the south is a Mimbres River Valley R3, R4, R5. MC1. The Gila Cliff Dwellings - Trail cairn and CDT marker at the trailhead. of the Mountain Spirits Scenic Byway Difficulty: Moderate There are 3 ride options in the Mimbres Travel time to trailhead: 20 min. River Valley. To get to the Mimbres, go east This is a new segment of the Continental from Silver City on Hwy 180 then turn left Divide Trail (CDT). M2. Little Walnut Picnic Area/ onto NM 152. It’s about 20 miles from Miles: 122 round trip. Gomez Peak Trail System Silver City to the Mimbres Valley. If you Travel time one-way: 1 hr 45 min This is a great system of trails that begin at don’t want to ride this section, you can drive Gas: Silver City, the village of Mimbres, and the Little Walnut Picnic Area. Lake Roberts General Store on NM 35. to the Mimbres Valley and park in a gravel Directions: Follow the Trail of the Mountain Directions to trailhead: North of Silver City Spirits Scenic Byway by going east from on Little Walnut Road parking area at the junction of NM 152 Silver City on Hwy 180 or north on NM 15 Difficulty: Moderate to difficult and 61 at milepost 15 and ride from there. Travel time to trailhead: 15 min. MC2. The Catwalk of Whitewater R3 Upper Mimbres River Valley Canyon and Mogollon Peak Trail M3. Fort Bayard Wildlife Refuge NM 35 is an easy ride up the valley to the System This is part of the Gila National Forest Continental Divide between mile marker Miles: 136 round trip to the Catwalk; and has a great system of National 15 and 16. Lake Roberts is 7 miles further. 163 round trip to Mogollon Recreation Trails. Location: East on Hwy 180, turn left at light Travel time one-way: 1 hr 30 min to the to Ft Bayard then follow the signs for forest Catwalk; 1 hr 45 min to Mogollon Directions to trailhead: East from Silver road 536. The road dead ends in 3 miles at Gas: Silver City, Cliff, and Glenwood City on Hwy 180, between milepost 118 and the trailhead but you can pull off at several Directions to the Catwalk: West from Silver 119 turn left onto Arenas Valley Road then locations along the way to bird. City on Highway 180; in Glenwood turn go 1 mile to the parking area. Directions: Ride north from NM 152 on right onto NM 174 Difficulty: Moderate to difficult. NM 35 Directions to Mogollon: If you want to visit Travel time to trailhead: 15 to 20 min. Terrain: River valley the old mining town of Mogollon continue north from Glenwood 3 miles and turn right Road Bike Rides R4 Lower Mimbres River Valley onto NM 159. It’s 9 miles up a very narrow winding mountain road with blind curves Lightly traveled roads make Grant Co. NM 61 is an easy ride down the valley. and no guardrails. Mogollon has well pre - a great place for year-around cycling. Directions: Ride south from NM 152 on served buildings from the late 1800s. R1. US Highway 180 West (NM Bike NM 61. It’s 26 miles to Hwy 180 Terrain: Valleys and winding mountain roads Terrain: River valley Route 18) MC3. Emory Pass and Hillsboro A light to moderately traveled two-lane R5. Emory Pass. Miles: 74 round trip to Emory Pass; 116 road with shoulders. NM 152 continues east across the valley round trip to Hillsboro and climbs 17 miles into the Black Range Travel time one-way: 1 hr to Emory Pass; 1 Directions: Ride west from Silver City on hr 45 min to Hillsboro Hwy 180 to 8,000 ft. Emory Pass. The road up to Gas: Silver City, Hillsboro Terrain: Hills and valleys the Gila National Forest boundary is a Directions to Emory Pass: Go east from R2. NM 15 to Sapillo Creek wide 2-lane then becomes a narrow 2-lane Silver City on Hwy 180, then turn left onto This is a local favorite. From Silver City to with blind curves and some steep grades. NM 152 Directions to Hillsboro: From Emory Pass Piños Altos, about 7 miles, the road is This is for experienced riders. you can continue down the east side of the 2-lane with shoulders. North of Piños Altos Directions: Ride east on NM 152 Black Range to visit the town of Hillsboro the road becomes a narrow 2-way with no Terrain: Winding mountain roads Terrain: Winding mountain roads

30 – SCENIC TOURS SILVER CITY/GRANT COUNTY RECREATION MAP

Birding Destinations B1-B11 page 27 Hiking Destinations H1-H12 page 29 Mountain Biking Destinations M1-M4 page 30 Road Cycling Destinations R1-R5 page 30 Motorcycling Destinations MC1-MC3 page 30

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SCENIC TOURS – 31 PRESRT STD US POSTAGE PAID GRANT COUNTY Silver City, NM Silver City Grant County 88061 Chamber of Commerce PERMIT No. 10 201 N. Hudson Street Silver City, New Mexico 88061 southwest newmexico .org

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