A New Species of Pseudopaludicola (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) from Northeastern Brazil
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A New Species of Pseudopaludicola (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) from Northeastern Brazil Author(s): Felipe de Medeiros Magalhães , Daniel Loebmann , Marcelo Nogueira de C. Kokubum , Célio Fernando Baptista Haddad , and Adrian Antonio Garda Source: Herpetologica, 70(1):77-88. 2014. Published By: The Herpetologists' League URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-13-00054 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/ terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Herpetologica, 70(1), 2014, 77–88 Ó 2014 by The Herpetologists’ League, Inc. A NEW SPECIES OF PSEUDOPALUDICOLA (ANURA: LEPTODACTYLIDAE: LEIUPERINAE) FROM NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL 1 2 3 FELIPE DE MEDEIROS MAGALHA˜ ES ,DANIEL LOEBMANN ,MARCELO NOGUEIRA DE C. KOKUBUM , 4 5,6 CE´ LIO FERNANDO BAPTISTA HADDAD , AND ADRIAN ANTONIO GARDA 1 Programa de Pos–gradua¸´ ca˜o em Sistema´tica e Evolu¸ca˜o, Laboratorio´ de Anfıbios´ e Re´pteis (LAR), Departamento de Botanica,ˆ Ecologia e Zoologia (DBEZ), Centro de Biociencias,ˆ Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universita´rio, Lagoa Nova, 59078–970, Natal, RN, Brazil 2 Laboratorio´ de Vertebrados Terrestres, Instituto de Cienciasˆ Biologicas,´ Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Ita´lia, km 8, Vila Carreiros, 96.203–900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil 3 Laboratorio´ de Herpetologia, Unidade Academicaˆ de Cienciasˆ Biologicas´ e Programa de Pos-gradua¸´ ca˜o em Cienciasˆ Florestais, CSTR/Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), CEP 58708-110, Patos, PB, Brazil 4 Laboratorio´ de Herpetologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociencias,ˆ Universidade Estadual Paulista Avenida 24 A, 1515, Bairro Bela Vista, 13506–970, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil 5 LAR, DBEZ, Centro de Biociencias,ˆ Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universita´rio, Lagoa Nova, 59078–970, Natal, RN, Brazil ABSTRACT: We describe a new species of Pseudopaludicola endemic to the Caatinga ecoregion of northeastern Brazil. The new species is characterized morphologically by small size, lack of T-shape terminal phalanges, smooth upper eyelids, presence of abdominal and vocal sac folds, light cream-colored vocal sac, and short hind limbs with tibia–tarsal articulation reaching the eye. The tadpole has a globular body shape, low tail fins, and a ventral oral disc bordered by a single row of marginal papillae with a wide anterior gap and two ventrolateral gaps; oral formula: 2(2)/2(1). The advertisement call consists of a well-defined sequence of notes comprising three nonconcatenated pulses, each with long interpulse intervals (111 6 21 ms) and average note duration of 238 6 31 ms. The mean dominant frequency is 5636 6 300 Hz, and increases from the first to the last pulse in each note. The advertisement call easily distinguishes the new species from all other congeners for which calls are known. Key words: Advertisement call; Caatinga; Distribution; Larval morphology; Pseudopaludicola pocoto THE GENUS Pseudopaludicola comprises 18 (Haddad and Cardoso, 1987) to 18 in 2013 species of small frogs in South America, (Frost, 2013). Some of the recently described occurring from northern Argentina to Ven- species occur in heavily studied areas (such as ezuela east of the Andes (Frost, 2013). The Minas Gerais and Sa˜o Paulo states; Toledo, genus forms the basal taxon in the leptodac- 2010; Toledo et al., 2010). The discovery of tylid subfamily Leiuperinae (Pyron and new species in well-studied regions suggests Wiens, 2011). They are frequently found that additional undescribed species are likely calling during the day (and occasionally at to occur in poorly known areas such as the night) around open areas in tropical forests semiarid Brazilian Caatinga (Tabarelli and (Amazon and Atlantic forests) and in open Silva, 2003; see Roberto et al., 2013). formations (Chaco, Pampas, Cerrado, and The most recent compilation for the herpe- Caatinga). Several new Pseudopaludicola spe- tofauna of the Caatinga lists 173 species (48 cies have been described in recent years anurans, 3 caecilians, 10 turtles, 3 crocody- (Toledo, 2010; Toledo et al., 2010; Pansonato lians, and 109 squamates; Rodrigues, 2003). et al., 2012; Roberto et al., 2013) and the calls These numbers are likely to increase substan- and tadpoles of described species have been tially, however, as 40% of the biome has never characterized (Pereira and Nascimento, 2004; been surveyed, and about 80% remains Laufer and Barreneche, 2008; Giaretta and understudied until recently (Tabarelli and Facure, 2009). The number of recognized Silva, 2003). Indeed, several lizard (Arias et species increased from 5 in the late 1980s al., 2011a,b; Passos et al., 2011) and frog (e.g., Pombal et al., 2012) species have been 6 CORRESPONDENCE: e-mail, [email protected] recently described from the region. 77 78 HERPETOLOGICA [Vol. 70, No. 1 FIG. 1.—Geographic distribution of Pseudopaludicola pocoto sp. nov. in South America. The inset shows the northeastern region of Brazil and the grey area represents the boundaries of the Caatinga biome. Symbols denote the type locality (triangle) and additional localities where the new species was collected (circles). CEARA´ (CE): 1—Santa Quite´ria, 2—Novas Russas, 3—Fortaleza, 4—Missa˜o Velha, RIO GRANDE DO NORTE (RN): 5—Macaıba,´ 6—Serra Negra, PARAIBA´ (PB): 7—Patos, 8—Serra de Santa Catarina, PERNAMBUCO (PE): 9—Betania.ˆ Here we describe a new species of Pseudo- followed the terminology for external mor- paludicola, which is widespread in the Caa- phology from Duellman (1970). Specimens tinga ecoregion. We characterize the species, used in this description are housed in the advertisement call and larval external mor- Ce´lio F.B. Haddad Collection at the Depar- phology, and we compare it to allied species. tamento de Zoologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Rio Claro, Sa˜o Paulo, MATERIALS AND METHODS Brazil (CFBH) and in the Herpetological We collected frogs at several localities Collection of Universidade Federal do Rio throughout northeastern Brazil (see geograph- Grande, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, ic distribution, Fig. 1). We euthanized spec- Brazil (FURG). Tissue samples are housed in imens by rubbing lidocaine cream onto their Cole¸ca˜o de Anfıbios´ de Re´pteis da Universi- abdomens or through CO2 asphyxiation. We dade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte individually tagged each specimen, collected (CLAR–UFRN) and Laboratorio´ de Herpe- tissue samples, fixed specimens in 10% tologia da Universidade Federal de Campina formalin, and transferred them to 70% Grande (LHUFCG). Specimens examined for ethanol for permanent storage (collecting species comparisons are listed in Appendix I. permits to AAG SISBIO 32527–1, DL SIS- We described the advertisement call for the BIO 12545-2, and MNCK SISBIO 25267-1). new species based on recordings of nine We measured morphometric variables with individuals from five localities (Table 1; all the use of a Digimess digital caliper (60.01 latitude and longitude readings based on mm) according to Pansonato et al. (2013) and WGS84 data): Missa˜o Velha (78140S, 39880W; March 2014] HERPETOLOGICA 79 TABLE 2.—Measurements (in millimeters) of Pseudopalu- , PB: dicola pocoto sp. nov. type series from municipalities of ´ Fortaleza, Novas Russas, and Santa Quite´ria, Ceara´ State, Brazil. n ¼ number of measured individuals. Paratypes (n ¼ 14) Measurements Holotype Mean 6 SD Range o Velha/CE ´ ıba/RN ´ ıba/RN ´ ıba/RN ˜ Snout–vent length 14.3 13.3 6 1.0 11.5–14.5 Head length 5.6 4.9 6 0.5 4.0–5.6 Head width 5.6 5.4 6 0.4 4.7–6.2 Eye diameter 1.7 1.6 6 0.1 1.4–1.9 C) Municipality/state 8 Interorbital distance 3.0 2.8 6 0.2 2.4–3.0 Eye–nostril distance 1.2 1.1 6 0.1 1.0–1.3 Internarial distance 1.0 1.1 6 0.1 1.0–1.2 Eye–snout distance 2.2 2.1 6 0.1 2.0–2.3 Hand length 4.0 3.9 6 0.2 3.5–4.2 Thigh length 7.6 6.8 6 0.4 6.2–7.6 Tibia length 7.7 7.4 6 0.3 6.9–8.0 Tarsus length 4.0 3.7 6 0.3 3.3–4.1 Foot length 8.0 7.9 6 0.4 7.3–8.7 87 (5513–5685) 24 Maca 100 (5513–5857) 24 Maca 142 (5168–5513) 24.3 Maca 87 (5340–5685) – Missa 125 (5857–6374) – Morada Nova/CE 97 (5168–5685) – Novas Russas/CE 155 (5513–6202) 26 Serra de Santa Catarina/PB 108 (5340–5857) 25.3 Serra de Santa Catarina/PB 94 (5186–5513) 25 Serra de Santa Catarina/PB 300 (5168–6373) 363 m above sea level [asl]), Morada Nova 0 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 (586 S, 38822 W; 50 m asl), and Nova Russas (48420S, 408330W; 230 m asl) municipalities, Ceara´ State; Aguiar municipality (78000S, 388130W; 380 m asl), Paraıba´ State and ´ 8 0 8 0 SD (range). Brazilian state acronyms: RN: Rio Grande do Norte, CE: Ceara Macaıba municipality (5 53 S, 35 22 W; 11 ´ ıba.