Title: Systematics of (: ) SANBI supervisors: Dr N. Bergh, Dr. J. Manning University co-supervisor: Prof A.G. Ellis University for registration: Stellenbosch University Level: Masters or Doctoral MSc: field sampling, examination of species limits in D. pluvialis/ D. sinuata; revision of Dimorphotheca; (possibly: preliminary phylogeny generation; 2 years) PhD: field sampling, examination of species limits in D. pluvialis/ D. sinuata; revision of Dimorphotheca; detailed multi-gene phylogeny generation, generic circumscription, investigation of evolutionary adaptations (3 years)

Additional information: Dimorphotheca (‘African daisy’, ‘Cape marigold’, ‘Namaqualand daisy’) is a charismatic genus of approximately 15 species widely used in horticulture, and last revised by Norlindh in the 1940’s. Currently-accepted species delimitation may only poorly reflect true species status. For example, there is confusion regarding the identities of the two annual species with greatest horticultural importance: D. pluvialis and D. sinuata. A study employing both morphology and population genetic analysis to examine these species particularly addresses the third strategic objective in the SANBI Strategy for Taxonomic Research (2015 – 2020), and would be performed in the context of a full taxonomic revision of the genus (addressing the second strategic objective). Dimorphotheca is also a member of the daisy tribe Calenduleae, a Cape-centred lineage of approximately 120 species. Systematics in the group has been hampered by a poor understanding of generic circumscription, especially within the large genus , with the total number of recognised genera ranging from four to twelve. Calenduleae are also a key component of the Namaqualand daisy flora, where they exhibit a large array of reproductive adaptations to different pollinators and seed dispersal mechanisms, including dimorphic fruits. Key to resolving the generic issues and exploring the evolution of reproductive adaptations in the group is the production of a phylogenetic hypothesis based on both molecular and morphological characters.

Key contacts:

Nicola Bergh [email protected] John Manning [email protected]