SHOCK SPRING: Compression coil springs encircle the shock absorbers and are typically used to absorb shock or to maintain a force between contacting surfaces. They are made of an elastic material formed into SHOCK (STRUT) TOWER: 11 the shape of a helix which returns to its natural The shock tower is the portion of the length when unloaded. vehicle’s frame in which the shock, spring, and other components of the 1 upper suspension are housed. Located within the engine compartment, the shock tower plays an integral role in the construction of a vehicle as it is the point at which the suspension system is mounted HIGH PERFORMANCE TIRES: (DETAIL) to the frame. Tires allow for the transfer of power from a vehicle’s drive- SHOCK ABSORBER: 10 train to the road. High performance tires, also known as low The shock absorbers damp out the profile tires, are manufactured to have a small void ratio, otherwise resonant motions of a which allows for more rubber to come in contact with the road, vehicle moving up and down on resulting in higher levels of traction. Tread patterns are its springs and the sounds designed to function at higher rates of speed, forcing surface made by the wheels when it water out and away from the vehicle thus increasing the tire’s bounces on the unsprung weight level of performance and traction. High performance tires of a wheel, hub or axle. are also composed of a softer rubber compound, allowing for optimal performance temperature to be reached, which results in increased responsiveness during starts, stops and sharp turns.

STRUT: 9 An automotive suspension strut eliminates the need for an upper suspension arm by combining the primary function of a shock absorber with the ability to support sideways loads not along its axis of compression.

DRIVE SHAFT: 8 A drive shaft transfers power from the engine or motor to the point where useful work is applied.

CV JOINT: 7 2 DISC BRAKES: A constant Also called brake rotor, velocity (CV) joint the brake disc uses friction is a universal from the brake pads to slow joint used or stop the vehicle. Made of especially in cast iron, the rotor may be front-wheel drive an integral part of the cars to transmit wheel hub. The brake disc power from a may be a ventilated rib or transaxle to an solid type. The ventilated axle or from an rib disc is hollow to allow axle to a wheel cooling air to circulate even at sharp inside the disc. angles, as when the suspension moves up and down.

3 DISC ASSEMBLY: A disc brake assembly consists of a caliper, brake pads, rotor CONTROL ARM: 6 and related hardware The control arm is a nearly (bolts, clips and springs). flat and roughly triangular sub-frame that pivots in two places. The broad end of the triangle attaches at the 4 frame and pivots on a bushing. The narrow end CALIPER: attaches to the steering The brake caliper operates just like a knuckle and pivots on a ball 5 small hydraulic clamp designed to grip joint. Two control arms per the brake rotor and bring a vehicle to a wheel make up a double ANTI-LOCK BRAKING SYSTEM: halt. The brake caliper is a U-shaped device wishbone suspension, while An anti-lock braking system prevents the with a piston or pistons on one or both one control arm per wheel wheels from locking while braking. The sides of the U. The brake pads ride on top makes up a part, usually the purpose of this is to allow the driver to of the brake caliper pistons, and the lower part, of a MacPherson maintain steering control under heavy rotor spins in the channel of the U. strut suspension or other braking and, in some situations, to shorten configurations. braking distances by allowing the driver to hit the brake fully without the fear of skidding or loss of control.