Integration of (Federal) Responses to Comments Recieved Through Review of February Draft 2010 and Acceptance of Addendum Road Map
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HEAVY T-1ETAL ANALYSIS of LAKE SEDJ:I
HEAVYT-1ETAL ANALYSIS OF LAKE SEDJ:i:.IENTSAS AN INDICATOR OF ElfVIRONME:i:rTALCONTAl'•LmATION: A1'f SXAHPLE FROMROUND LOCH OF GLENEEAD, SOUTH r:lEST SCOTLAND. 7 ·- --l l - l Aclmowledgements I would like to thank Dro Rick Battarbee, Dr. Brian Rippey, John Anderson and Vivienne Jones for their help and encouragement through - out the preparation and writing of this project. 7 -, - - - J Contents. Page Abstract Introduction 3 Literature Review (a) Source 4 (b) Transport 6 (c) Deposition 7 (d) Sinks 1. Lake sediments 8 2. Temporary catchment sinks 13 Diagenesis and remobilization of heavy metals 15 Site Description 17 Methods (i) Core extraction 20 (ii) Sediment digestion 21 (iii) Analysis of the digested sediment 21 (iv) Analytical Quality Control 25 Core correlation 25 Results (i) Heavy metal analysis 27 (ii) Analytical Quality Control 35 Discussion Introduction 41 Section 1 (1) Comments on the methodology 41 (2) Heavy metal analysis as an indicator of contamination 43 (3) Discussion of individual profiles 45 Zinc 45 Lead 49 Copper 51 Contents cont. Section? -, (i) Transport and deposition of Zn, Pb and - Cu in Round Loch of Glenhead 51 (ii) Diagenesis and remobilization in Round Loch of Glenhead 53 -·- (iii) Catchment factors 54 (iv) A comparison of Round Loch with other - Northern Hemisphere studies 57 Conclusion 62 Bibliography 64 Appendix 70 - J _..., .u~a v .y 1•1i= l,a.L .ana.1ys is or .La.ke ::::.ectiments as an Indicator of Environmental Contamination: An Example from Round Loch of Glenhead 1 South West Scotland. ,... Abstract. The technique of heavy metal analysis was used to determine the zinc, lead and copper concentrations in a single core (RLGH3) from Round Loch of Glenhead, Galloway. -
Critical Loads for Vegetation
, '‘`a , 1 e-'-: , % ' , - 7 * liV V$ V 0 , ,„, ' . , 1 4, k. 0. • 4 ' t .r.,.. l'i ,r4' Rat . ' $ i • 11:',11 "P• 1 1, • e á h3A IFISTMAE OF11TRIESTIOL ECOIAGV BUS,- ESTATE. PENICUIK MIDLOTHIAN \ Institute of EH26 OQB Terrestrial 7 Ecology Critical loads: concept and applications ITE symposium no. 28 Proceedings of a Conference held on 12-14 February 1992 in Grange-over-Sands, under the auspices of the British Ecological Society Industrial Ecology Group and the Natural Environment Research Council, and partly sponsored by the National Power/PowerGen Joint Environmental Programme. Edited by M Hornung and R A Skeffington London : HMSO Crown.Copyright 1993 Applications for reproduction should be made to HMSO First published 1993 ISBN 0 11 701666 7 The Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (ITE) is a component research organisation within the Natural Environment Research 'Council. The Institute is part of the Terrestrial and Freshwater Sciences Directorate, and was established in 1973 by the merger of the research stations of the Nature Conservancy with the Institute of Tree Biology. It has been at the forefront of ecological research ever since. The six research stations of the Institute provide a ready access to sites and to environmental and ecological problems in any part of Britain. In addition to the broad environmental knowledge and experience expected of the modern ecologist, each station has a range of special expertise and facilities. Thus, the Institute is able to provide unparallelled opportunities for long-term, multidisciplinary studies of complex environmental and ecological problems. ITE undertakes specialist ecological research on subjects ranging from micro- organisms to trees and mammals, from coastal habitats to uplands, from derelict land to air pollution. -
Fly-Ash Particles in Lake Sediments
FLY-ASH PARTICLES IN LAKE SEDIMENTS: EXTRACTION, CHARACTERISATION & DISTRIBUTION. Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of London by Neil Leslie Rose University College London May 1991 1 ProQuest Number: 10609404 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10609404 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT Fly-ash particles produced from the high temperature combustion of fossil-fuels are found in high concentrations in the lake sediments of regions of high acid deposition. The sediment record of these particles showing the onset of industrialisation correlates well with the record of acidification as indicated by diatom analysis. There are two types of fly-ash particle; spheroidal carbonaceous particles produced from the incomplete combustion of the fossil-fuel and inorganic ash spheres formed by the fusing of mineral inclusions present within the fuel. Procedures were developed to extract both types of particle from lake sediments. These involved selective chemical attack to remove unwanted sediment fractions thus enabling quick and accurate particle enumeration. -
Water Environment State of the Environment Report Page 1
East Ayrshire Council Chapter 5 – Water Environment State of the Environment Report Page 1 EAST AYRSHIRE COUNCIL STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT REPORT CHAPTER 5 – WATER ENVIRONMENT SUMMARY Key Messages Water is a valuable resource, which has multiple uses, e.g. potable water supply, waste water disposal, and water for agriculture and industry, ecology and conservation, recreation, sport and transport. There is robust regulation in Scotland which regulates activities to protect the water environment and has led to an improvement in water quality across Scotland and East Ayrshire. In respect of East Ayrshire’s water resources: There are no estuaries or coastal waters. All surface water bodies are within either the Clyde or Solway sub basins. Nine catchments have been identified within or partially within East Ayrshire, i.e. River Ayr, River Clyde, River Dee (Solway), River Doon, River Garnock, River Irvine, River Nith, Water of Girvan and White Cart Water. There are 64 identified surface water bodies including some water bodies with only part of their catchments within East Ayrshire, such as rivers and lochs at the region’s boundary. These comprise a total of 58 river water bodies and 6 lochs. Most of the rivers are mid-altitude or lowland, calcareous or siliceous and medium or small in scale. The lakes, 4 of which are reservoirs (Lochgoin Reservoir, Loch Riecawr, Loch Finlas and Loch Doon) are mid-altitude low or medium alkalinity, deep and large. Compared with the whole of Scotland, East Ayrshire has proportionately less rivers and lochs of good status. Although groundwater in East Ayrshire tended to be of lower quality than Scotland-wide, the new system has noted that since 2012 there are proportionately more groundwater bodies of good status in East Ayrshire than Scotland-wide. -
Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-Level Ozone in the UK NEGTAP 2001
! ! ! Prepared by M Coyle (CEH Edinburgh). ! ! Transboundary Air Pollution: Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-Level Ozone in the UK ISBN 1 870393 61 9 For further copies, please contact: Mhairi Coyle Dr. Alison Vipond CEH Edinburgh Air and Environment Quality Division Bush Estate Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Penicuik Ashdown House, Zone 4/D11 Midlothian 123 Victoria Street EH26 0QB London, SW1E 6DE UK UK [email protected] [email protected] tel. ++44(0) 131 445 8528 fax. ++44(0) 131 445 3943 The report is also available in electronic format at http://www.nbu.ac.uk/negtap/. For technical enquires, please contact: Prof. David Fowler CEH Edinburgh Bush Estate Penicuik Midlothian, EH26 0QB UK [email protected] tel. ++44(0) 131 445 4343 fax. ++44(0) 131 445 3943 NEGTAP 2001 Prepared by the National Expert Group on Transboundary Air Pollution (NEGTAP) at CEH Edinburgh on behalf of the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Scottish Executive, The National Assembly for Wales/Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru, Department of the Environment for Northern Ireland. DEFRA Contract EPG 1/3/153 © NEGTAP 2001 ! ! National Expert Group on Transboundary Air Pollution http://www.nbu.ac.uk/negtap/ D Fowler (Chairman) M Coyle (Secretary) Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Edinburgh H M ApSimon Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine M R Ashmore University of Bradford S A Bareham Cyngor Cefn Gwlad Cymru/Countryside Council for Wales, Joint Nature Conservancy -
Chapter 5 – Water Environment State of the Environment Report Page 1
East Ayrshire Council Chapter 5 – Water Environment State of the Environment Report Page 1 EAST AYRSHIRE COUNCIL STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT REPORT CHAPTER 5 – WATER ENVIRONMENT SUMMARY Key Messages Water is a valuable resource, which has multiple uses, e.g. potable water supply, waste water disposal, and water for agriculture and industry, ecology and conservation, recreation, sport and transport. There is robust regulation in Scotland which regulates activities to protect the water environment and has led to an improvement in water quality across Scotland and East Ayrshire. In respect of East Ayrshire’s water resources: • There are no estuaries or coastal waters. • All surface water bodies are within either the Clyde or Solway sub basins. Nine catchments have been identified within or partially within East Ayrshire, i.e. River Ayr, River Clyde, River Dee (Solway), River Doon, River Garnock, River Irvine, River Nith, Water of Girvan and White Cart Water. • There are 64 identified surface water bodies including some water bodies with only part of their catchments within East Ayrshire, such as rivers and lochs at the region’s boundary. These comprise a total of 58 river water bodies and 6 lochs. • Most of the rivers are mid-altitude or lowland, calcareous or siliceous and medium or small in scale. The lakes, 4 of which are reservoirs (Lochgoin Reservoir, Loch Riecawr, Loch Finlas and Loch Doon) are mid-altitude low or medium alkalinity, deep and large. • Compared with the whole of Scotland, East Ayrshire has proportionately less rivers and lochs of good status. • Although groundwater in East Ayrshire tended to be of lower quality than Scotland-wide, the new system has noted that since 2012 there are proportionately more groundwater bodies of good status in East Ayrshire than Scotland-wide.