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Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte ISSN: 1578-8423 [email protected] Universidad de Murcia España Pic Aguilar, M. Different motor patterns in basketball depending on gender? Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, vol. 17, núm. 3, octubre, 2017, pp. 149-156 Universidad de Murcia Murcia, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=227053840013 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, vol. 17, 3, 149-156 © Copyright 2017: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia Recibido: 26/02/2016 Murcia (España) Aceptado: 15/07/2017 ISSN edición impresa: 1578-8423 ISSN edició n web ( http://revistas.um.es/cpd ): 1989-5879 ¿Distintos patrones motrices en baloncesto según género? Di erent motor patterns in basketball depending on gender? Padroes distintos de acordo ao genero no basquete? Pic Aguilar, M. Dpto. de Didácticas Especí cas, Universidad de La Laguna Resumen: El objetivo prioritario de la investigación es caracterizar el género After achieving data quality, close to the inter- and intra-observer unit, two mediante el análisis de la conducta motriz en baloncesto. Se seleccionaron analytical techniques were applied: a) detection of behavioral patterns by dos partidos de alta competición en el campeonato del mundo organizado eme (Magnusson, 2000) and b) Chaid decision trees through SPSS. e por la FIBA en el año 2014. A través de una metodología observacional y results showed the existence of patterns of play and temporal regularities un diseño nomotético, puntual y multidimensional (Anguera, Blanco-Vi- depending on gender, while by using Chaid multivariate analysis the gen- llaseñor, Hernández-Mendo, & Losada, 2011) fueron registradas conductas der variable was included in the second level of hierarchy of the e ective- motrices relacionadas con la circulación del balón y la e cacia de los lanza- ness explanatory variable. From this study, guidelines can be drawn that dores en base a la presencia o ausencia de oposición durante el lanzamiento. help basketball coaches and trainers to build training tasks. Di erences in Para ello, fue diseñado un sistema mixto de registro ‘ad hoc’ formado por 4 behavioral patterns between men and women in basketball were identi ed. facetas y 11 categorías. Tras un período de entrenamiento, dos observadores Tasks design has in gender a reason for speci city. registraron en dos momentos distintos mediante el software Lince las con- Key Words: gender, basketball, observational methodology, t-patterns ductas motrices descritas en el sistema referencial. Tras alcanzar una calidad Resumo: O objetivo principal da pesquisa é caracterizar o gênero através da del dato, cercana a la unidad inter e intra observador se pasó a aplicar dos análise do comportamento de condução no basquete. dois jogos foram se- técnicas de análisis: a) Detección de patrones conductuales mediante eme lecionados alta competição no campeonato mundial organizado pela FIBA (Magnusson, 2000) y b) Árboles de decisión Chaid a través de SPSS. Los em 2014. Através de uma metodologia de observação e modelos nomotéti- resultados evidenciaron la existencia de patrones de juego y regularidades co, pontual e multidimensional (Anguera, Blanco-Villaseñor, Hernandez- temporales dependiendo del género mientras con ayuda del análisis multiva- Mendo, & Losada, 2011 ) eram comportamento motor registrada sobre riante Chaid fue incluida la variable género en el segundo nivel de jerarquiza- a circulação da bola e da e cácia dos jogadores com base na presença ou ción explicativa de la variable e cacia. Del presente estudio pueden extraerse ausência de oposição durante o lançamento. Para fazer isso, ele foi projetado pautas que ayuden a construir tareas de entrenamiento para preparadores y um sistema misto de registro ‘ad hoc’ é composto por 4 facetas e 11 catego- entrenadores de baloncesto. Se identi caron diferencias en los patrones con- rias. Depois de um período de treinamento, dois observadores registraram ductuales entre hombres y mujeres en baloncesto. El diseño de tareas tiene em dois momentos diferentes mediante o software Lince comportamentos en la perspectiva de género un motivo para la especi cidad. motores descritos no sistema referencial. Depois de atingir a qualidade dos Palabras Clave: género, baloncesto, metodología observacional, t-patterns. dados, perto da unidade inter e intra-observador foi passado para aplicar Abstract: e primary objective of this research is to characterize gender by duas técnicas analíticas: a) detecção de padrões de comportamento por analysing motor behaviour in basketball. Two high competition matches eme (Magnusson, 2000) e b) As árvores de decisão Chaid através SPSS. from the world championship organized by FIBA in 2014 were selected . Os resultados mostraram a existência de padrões de jogo e regularidades rough an observational methodology, and a nomothetic, punctual and temporais dependendo do sexo durante a utilização da análise multivariada multidimensional design (Anguera, Blanco-Villaseñor, Hernández-Mendo, foi Chaid incluindo a variável sexo no segundo nível hierárquico da variável & Losada, 2011) motor behaviour related to the movement of the ball and explicativa e cácia. Do estudo atual poden-se extraer pautas que ajudam a the e ectiveness of pitchers based on the presence or absence of opposition construir as tarefas de treinos para preparadores e treinadores de basquete. when throwing the ball were recorded. To do this, a mixed system of regis- Foram identi cadas diferenças nos padrões de comportamento entre ho- tration ‘ad hoc’ was designed, based on 4 facets and 11 categories. After a mens e mulheres no basquete. A tarefa de design está em sexo uma razão training period, two observers registered at two di erent times with Lince para a especi cidade. software to record the driving behavior described in the referential system. Palavras-chave: gênero, basquete, metodologia observacional, t-patterns. Introduction e identi cation of gender di erences has been widely dis- urner, 2013), nancial decisions (Powell & Ansic, 1997) or cussed (Knight, 2002), constituting a constant in the history personality (Feingold, 1994), but also from interdisciplinary of research (Maccoby, 1990). Gender di erences have been approaches (Costa, Terracciano, & McCrae, 2001). evidenced from the organization of social networks (Szell & While a preferably competitive orientation rested on male gender, women appeared to be mainly related to cooperative Dirección para correspondencia [ Correspondence address]: Miguel Pic tasks (Shwalb & Shwalb, 1985). In a later review, it became clear Aguilar, Dpto. de Didácticas Especí cas, Universidad de La Laguna that men were more e ective and prone to open negotiations in (España). E-mail: [email protected] competitive situations (Walters, Stuhlamacher, & Mayer, 1998) 149 150 M. Pic Aguilar in similar contexts (Kugler, Kaschner, Reif, & Brodbeck, 2013). 2014; Anguera & Hernández-Mendo, 2016) to study game Recent studies (Kivikangas, Kätsyri, Järvelä, & Ravaja, 2014) performance in di erent sports. Some studies explore the through the implementation of videogames show that male temporal dimension of the registration of motor actions (Par- attraction to competition is greater than towards cooperation, lebas, 2001). Applying the technique of detecting patterns, since it evokes more positive emotions. On the other hand, the by using eme 6 software (Magnusson, 1996; 2000) free opposite gender shows the same emotional tendency to both throws in basketball (Fernández et al., 2009) were analyzed, cooperative and competitive stimuli. Researchers are concerned, and the decisional complexity of the game performance was on the one hand, to point out that, it must not be interpreted also undertaken in basketball (Echevarría, Ajamil, Anguera, that women are more cooperative than men, although they are & Idiakez, 2011) to reveal temporal regularities (e.g., errors less competitive and, on the other hand, that competitiveness made by the observed team regarding outside shots). Pattern and cooperation do not seem to be antagonistic terms. detection (Magnusson, 1996) has been used to investigate ere is certainty of research from a gender perspective in di erent sports, with wide following among the scienti c sports such as basketball (Gómez, 2007), volleyball (Koch & community (Lapresa, Álvarez, Arana, Garzón, & Caballero, Tilp, 2009; Palao, Manzanares, & Ortega, 2009), football 2013; Lapresa, Camerino, Cabedo, Anguera, Jonsson, & Ara- (Bradley, Dellal, Mohr, Castellano, & Wilkie, 2014) with na, 2015; Zurloni, Cavalera, Diana, Elia, & Jonsson, 2014). minor proportions of home advantage by women (Pollard & Other analysis techniques, however, do not resort to the Gomez, 2014), distance running (Coast, Blevins, & Wilson, temporal dimension but o er a complementary approach. Spe- 2004) or Olympic tournaments (Kountouris, Drikos, Agge- ci cally, the classi cation or decision tree, developed by Mor- lonidis, Laios, & Kyprianou, 2015), among other disciplines. gan and Sonquist (1963), is an algorithm that can automatica- Basketball is a sport in which the uncertainty of origin (Par- lly construct contingency tables. is algorithm classi es data lebas, 2001) nds in team partners the allies to create both on the basis