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Finding Aid to the Varian Associates Records, 1948-1998

Processed by Elia Van Lith; additions by Alison E. Bridger The Bancroft Library. University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, California, 94720-6000 Phone: (510) 642-6481 Fax: (510) 642-7589 Email: [email protected] URL: http://bancroft.berkeley.edu © 2007 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.

Finding Aid to the Varian BANC MSS 73/65 c 1 Associates Records, 1948-1998 Finding Aid to the Varian Associates Records, 1948-1998

Collection number: BANC MSS 73/65 c

The Bancroft Library

University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, California Contact Information: The Bancroft Library. University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, California, 94720-6000 Phone: (510) 642-6481 Fax: (510) 642-7589 Email: [email protected] URL: http://bancroft.berkeley.edu Collection Processed By: Elia Van Lith; additions by Alison E. Bridger Date Completed: July 2003; additions January 2007 Finding Aid written by: Elia Van Lith; edited by Alison E. Bridger © 2007 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.

Collection Summary Collection Title: Varian Associates Records, Date: 1948-1998 Collection Number: BANC MSS 73/65 c Creator: Varian Associates Extent: Number of containers: 5 cartons and 2 oversize foldersLinear feet: 6.35 Repository: The Bancroft Library Berkeley, California 94720-6000 Abstract: The Varian Associates Records, 1948-1998, document the history of this innovative and successful Silicon Valley pioneer from its inception in 1948 until just prior to its division into three separate companies in 1999. The bulk of the collection consists of minutes from the meetings of the board of directors. Also included are reports to the board, acquisition and joint venture studies, writings by Russell Varian related to the company, presentations by the board, files on subsidiary companies, company publications, and promotional and marketing materials. Physical Location: For current information on the location of these materials, please consult the Library's online catalog. Languages Represented: English Access Collection is open for research.

Finding Aid to the Varian BANC MSS 73/65 c 2 Associates Records, 1948-1998 Publication Rights Copyright has been assigned to The Bancroft Library. All requests for permission to publish or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the appropriate curator or the Head of Public Services for forwarding. Permission for publication is given on behalf of The Bancroft Library as the owner of the physical items and the copyright. Preferred Citation [Identification of item], Varian Associates Records, BANC MSS 73/65 c, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley. Related Collections Varian Associates group portrait from the Varian Associates records, BANC PIC 1988.072-PIC Eitel-McCullough records, BANC MSS 77/110 c Separated Material Photographs have been transferred to the Pictorial Collections of The Bancroft Library. Audiovisual materials have been transferred to the Microforms Collection of The Bancroft Library. Printed materials have been transferred to the book collection of The Bancroft Library. Indexing Terms The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the library's online public access catalog. Varian, Russell Harrison, 1898-1959. Varian Associates--Archives. Electronics--Research--California. Radar transmitters. Medical instruments and apparatus--Design and construction. Linear accelerators. Microwave tubes. Medical instruments and apparatus industry--California--San Francisco Bay Area. Klystrons. Vacuum-tubes. 0 Electronic industries--California--Palo Alto. Electronic industries--California--San Francisco Bay Area. Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County, Calif.). Varian, Russell Harrison, 1898-1959. History of science and technology collection. Provenance The Varian Associates Records were given to The Bancroft Library by Francis P. Farquhar on October 25, 1972. Additions were made between 1998 and 2006. Varian Associates was formed in San Carlos, California in 1948 by Edward L. Ginzton, William W. Hansen, Richard M. Leonard, Leonard I. Shiff, H. Myrl Stearns, Dorothy Varian, Russell H. Varian, Sigurd F. Varian, and Paul B. Hunter, with $22,000 of capital and six full-time employees. In founding Varian Associates, the directors wanted to create a science-based company, managed by scientists, where the decisions would be made by the scientists and engineers who carried out the work. The founding members had worked together for years, first on the klystron at Stanford University and later at the Sperry Gyroscope Company laboratory in Garden City, NY. during WWII. They chose the name "Varian" as Russell Varian was well known in the scientific community as the inventor of the klystron, a specialized vacuum tube, in 1937. The klystron, with its extremely focused electron beam, was a key element in the development of airborne radar. Even though the articles of incorporation stated that the directors wanted to "conduct research in the fields of physical science of every kind and nature," it would be several years before Varian branched out from its original role as a microwave tube plant. One of the company's first departures from tubes came about when they obtained patent rights for NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), capitalizing on William Hansen's pioneering work in the subject at Stanford. Eventually, this venture into NMR became one of Varian's most profitable ventures, leading to the development of its successful spectrometer and medical instruments divisions. In 1953 Varian moved from its original leased facility in San Carlos to a new building on Stanford land, becoming the first corporation in what was to become the Stanford Industrial Park. Soon after the move, Varian began expanding, opening a plant in Canada, launching S-F-D Laboratories in New Jersey, and making its first acquisition, Bomac Laboratories in

Finding Aid to the Varian BANC MSS 73/65 c 3 Associates Records, 1948-1998 Massachusetts. Acquisitions continued through the 1960s and 1970s, first under the leadership of Ed Ginzton, then Norman Parker. These acquisitions, together with continued innovative research, helped to further broaden and diversify Varian's product line. Varian's profitable klystron contracts with the military were severely cut back in 1964, causing the company to finish out the fiscal year with its largest net losses up until that date. By 1966, however, Varian had restructured its finances and fully recovered, ending the year with record profits. Financial problems sprang up again in 1971, forcing Varian to put an end to acquisitions and begin selling some of its costlier operations, including Varian Data Machines, Syva, and its CT scanning business. The sale of these subsidiaries enabled the company to focus its resources on the core product lines of vacuum technologies, medical equipment, and spectrometers. In the 1980s Varian had a succession of four presidents. Then in 1990, J. Tracy O'Rourke came on board as chairman and CEO, the first Varian outsider to hold those posts, and quickly started the company on its long-awaited turnaround, reducing the corporate staff by more than 20% and creating 3 divisions based upon marketing similarities instead of technological similarities. Within five years, earnings rose and profits were at an all-time high. With this reorganization came a shift in priorities, from number of patents obtained and papers published, to marketing and customer service. Varian Associates formally divided into three companies in 1999, turning each of its divisions into a separate public enterprise. The three resulting corporations were Varian Medical Systems, Varian, Inc., and Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. Scope and Content of Collection The Varian Associates Records, 1948-1998, document the corporate history of this innovative and successful Silicon Valley pioneer from its inception in 1948 until just prior to its division into three separate companies in 1999. The bulk of the collection consists of minutes from the meetings of the board of directors. Also included are reports to the board, acquisition and joint venture studies, writings by Russell Varian related to the company, presentations by the board, files on subsidiary companies, company publications, and promotional and marketing materials. The board of director's minutes date primarily from Varian's first 23 years (1948-1971). They also include minutes from meetings of shareholders and committees as well as monthly progress reports from subdivisions, strategic planning documents, and some budget reports. Photographs of the board of directors have been removed from these files and transferred to the Pictorial Collections of The Bancroft Library. Management materials also include legal papers, acquisition and joint venture studies, reports to the board, presentations by the board, as well as materials relating to Russell Varian, stockholders, and employees. Reports to the board include budget reports, financial performance reports, a corporate long-range plan, a management compensation plan, marketing outlooks, and a study of prospective expansion sites in the Bay Area. The joint venture studies document Varian's rapid growth and expansion in the 1960s. Of note among them are studies of Decision Control, Inc., the Syntex/Varian joint venture Syva, and Wilkins Instrument and Research, Inc. The presentations primarily address Varian's restructuring efforts of the 1980s and 1990s. Russell Varian's writings consist mainly of editorials he wrote for Varian Associates Magazine and other publications near the end of his life. Prospecti, semi-annual and quarterly reports covering the years 1955-1990 constitute the documents related to stockholders. Minutes of the meetings of stockholders have been integrated into the minutes of the board of directors. Material related to Varian employees includes guidebooks dealing with corporate identity and employee behavior, as well as group insurance and stock purchasing and numerous employee newsletters. Information on Varian's subsidiary companies consists primarily of catalogs, promotional material and information booklets. Most of the significant companies formed by acquisitions and mergers are included here, notable among them are Bomac Laboratories, Semicon Associates, Varian Aerograph, Eitel-McCullough and Cary Instruments. Some material relating to research and development is included in the collection, namely research reports and pamphlets on NMR-EPR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance) and rare earth cobalt magnets. The collection does not include Russell and Sigurd Varian's personal papers or their laboratory materials.

Finding Aid to the Varian BANC MSS 73/65 c 4 Associates Records, 1948-1998 SERIES 1,MANAGEMENT, 1948-1998 BOARD OF DIRECTORS, 1948-1996

Cartons 1-4, SERIES 1, MANAGEMENT, 1948-1998 Oversize folder 1 Arrangement Divided into 3 sub-series: Board of Directors, Stockholders and Employees. Scope and Content Note Board of Directors is divided into 6 sub-series: Minutes, Reports, Acquisition and Joint Venture Studies, Legal Papers, Russell Varian, and Presentations. Minutes include correspondence, strategic planning documents, and minutes from meetings of the board of directors. Minutes of meetings of shareholders and committees have been integrated into the board of director's minutes. Reports consist of financial statements and reports, a corporate long-range plan, a site selection study for possible expansion, and product activity studies. The Acquisition and Joint Venture Studies document Varian's rapid expansion between 1959 and 1970 when over a dozen firms were acquired by Varian. Legal Papers pertain to White & Co. vs. Varian Associates, a court case regarding contract dispute over the building of a vacuum tube production facility in Palo Alto and materials relating to Varian's position on Public Law 87-653, which regulated government contractors. Materials pertaining to Russell Varian consist mainly of articles and editorials. Presentations are primarily made up of presentations by the board of directors to the New York Society of Security Analysts and to Varian's investors. Stockholders includes company prospecti and semi-annual and quarterly reports. Employees includes employee guidelines, corporate identity guides, group insurance plans, and newsletters.

Cartons 1-3, BOARD OF DIRECTORS, 1948-1996 Oversize folder 1 Arrangement Arranged hierarchically then chronologically.

Cartons 1-2, Minutes, n.d. Oversize folder 1 Arrangement Arranged chronologically.

carton 1, Minutes, 1948-1964 folder 1-29 Oversize folder 1B San Carlos and Palo Alto Facility Expansion Plans, 1955 Physical Description: [Removed from folder 7, board meeting on 03/31/55]

Oversize folder 1B Building Program, 1959 Physical Description: [Removed from folder 17, board meeting on 09/30/59]

carton 2, Minutes, n.d. folder 1-27 Oversize folder 1B SFD/ Bomac Organizational Chart, n.d.

Cartons 2-3 Reports, 1949-1970 Arrangement Arranged chronologically.

carton 2, Financial Statements, 1949-1955 folder 28-33 carton 2, folder 34 Economic Study of Use of Magnetometers, 1954 carton 2, folder 35 Survey of Eastern Electronics Organizations, 1954 carton 2, folder 36 Organization Report, 1957 carton 2, folder 37 Marketing Outlook for Eastern Industries, Inc., 1959 carton 2, folder 38 Boston Analyst report, 1960

Finding Aid to the Varian BANC MSS 73/65 c 5 Associates Records, 1948-1998 SERIES 1,MANAGEMENT, 1948-1998 Reports, 1949-1970

carton 2, Budget Reports, 1961-1966 folder 39-41 carton 3, Budget Reports, 1967-1970 folder 1-7 carton 3, folder 8 Site Selection Study, 1961 carton 3, folder 9 Proposition for Establishment of a Manufacturing Operation in Italy, 1963 carton 3, folder 10 Varian Product Activity in Educational Field, 1964 carton 3, Board Reports, 1965 folder 11-12 carton 3, folder 13 Corporate Long-range Plan, 1966 carton 3, folder 14 Management Compensation Plan, 1966 carton 3, Financial Performance Reports, 1967 folder 15-23

Carton 3 Acquisition and Joint Venture Studies, 1961-1970 Arrangement Arranged chronologically.

carton 3, folder 24 Sociéte de Fabrications Communes, 1961 carton 3, Company X, 1965 folder 25-26 carton 3, folder 27 Denmark Radiation Processing, 1965 carton 3, folder 28 Microwave Facility of Company Z, 1965 carton 3, Wilkins Instrument and Research, Inc., 1965 folder 29-30 carton 3, folder 31 Spectromagnetic Industries, ca. 1966 carton 3, folder 32 Syntex/ Varian joint venture, 1966 carton 3, folder 33 Academic Press, 1967 carton 3, Decision Control, Inc., 1967 folder 34-36 carton 3, folder 37 MAT (Freidrich Krupp Mess und Analysentechnik), 1967 carton 3, folder 38 Techtron Party, Ltd., 1967 carton 3, folder 39 Micrographic Technology Corp., 1970 carton 3, folder 40 Vacuum Equipment Division of Norton Company, 1970

Carton 3 Legal Papers, 1959-1963 Arrangement Arranged chronologically.

carton 3, folder 41 Appellant's opening brief: White & Co. vs. Varian Associates, 1959 carton 3, folder 42 Materials regarding PL 87-653, 1963

Carton 3 Russell Varian, 1950-1959 Arrangement Arranged chronologically.

carton 3, folder 43 Franklin Institute Award, 1950 carton 3, folder 44 Speeches and articles, ca. 1954-1959 carton 3, folder 45 Articles published in Varian Associates Magazine, ca. 1956-1959 carton 3, folder 46 Biographical sketch, 1959

Carton 3 Presentations, 1969-1998 Arrangement Arranged chronologically.

Finding Aid to the Varian BANC MSS 73/65 c 6 Associates Records, 1948-1998 SERIES 1,MANAGEMENT, 1948-1998 Presentations, 1969-1998

carton 3, folder 47 New York Society of Security Analysts, 1969-1992 carton 3, folder 48 Address by Thomas Sedge at Varian Solid State seminar, 1974 carton 3, folder 49 Deloitte and Touche Health Care summit, 1993 carton 3, folder 50 Varian Projected Growth, 1994 carton 3, folder 51 European investors, 1996 carton 3, folder 52 Profiles in Success, 1998

Carton 4 STOCKHOLDERS, 1955-1990 Arrangement Arranged chronologically.

carton 4, folder 1 Prospecti, 1955, 1966 carton 4, folder 2 Semi-annual reports, 1957-1973 carton 4, folder 3 Quarterly reports, 1960-1990

Carton 4 EMPLOYEES, 1950-1998 Arrangement Arranged chronologically.

carton 4, Newsletters, 1950-1998 folder 4-10 carton 4, folder 11 Miscellaneous, 1952-1973 carton 4, folder 12 Group Insurance Plan, ca. 1954 carton 4, folder 13 Profit Sharing and Stock Purchasing Plans, ca. 1955-1966 carton 4, folder 14 Concepts in General Management, ca. 1960 carton 4, folder 15 Corporate Objectives, 1986 carton 4, folder 16 Code of Business Ethics, 1989 carton 4, folder 17 Corporate Identity Guide, ca. 1990 carton 4, Employee guidebook, 1992 folder 18-19 Carton 4 SERIES 2, SUBSIDIARIES, ca. 1959-1971 Arrangement Arranged chronologically by acquisition or formation date into 11 sub-series: Varian A.G., Bomac Laboratories, Semicon Associates, Thomson-Varian, Solid State Products, Varian SpA, Aerograph, Eitel-McCullough, Cary Instruments, Varian Data Machines, and NEVA. Includes company information packets, catalogs, promotional material, annual reports, newsletters, and research and development materials for Varian's subsidiary companies. Some material dates from prior to Varian's acquisitions of these companies.

Carton 4 VARIAN A.G., 1959 Arrangement Arranged hierarchically.

carton 4, folder 20 Information packet, ca. 1960

Carton 4 BOMAC LABORATORIES, 1959 Arrangement Arranged hierarchically.

carton 4, folder 21 Catalogs, ca. 1960 carton 4, folder 22 Promotional material, ca. 1960

Finding Aid to the Varian BANC MSS 73/65 c 7 Associates Records, 1948-1998 SERIES 2,SUBSIDIARIES, ca. 1959-1971 SEMICON ASSOCIATES, INC, 1960

Carton 4 SEMICON ASSOCIATES, INC, 1960 Arrangement Arranged hierarchically.

carton 4, folder 23 Research and Development, ca. 1964 carton 4, folder 24 Information booklet, ca. 1960 carton 4, folder 25 Promotional material, 1964

Carton 4 THOMSON-VARIAN, 1962 Arrangement Arranged hierarchically.

carton 4, folder 26 Annual reports, 1962-1966 carton 4, folder 27 Promotional material, 1967

Carton 4 SOLID STATE PRODUCTS, 1963

carton 4, folder 28 Information booklet, ca. 1964

Carton 4 VARIAN SPA, 1963

carton 4, folder 29 Board of director's visit, 1967

Carton 4 AEROGRAPH, 1965 Arrangement Arranged hierarchically.

carton 4, folder 30 Information booklet, ca. 1966 carton 4, Newsletters, 1959-1966 folder 31-32 carton 4, Promotional material, 1961-1966 folder 33-34

Carton 4 EITEL-MCCULLOGH, 1965 Arrangement Arranged hierarchically.

carton 4, folder 35 Annual Report, 1964 carton 4, folder 36 National Electronics, Inc., ca. 1960 carton 4, folder 37 Catalogs, 1964-1965

Carton 4 CARY INSTRUMENTS, 1966 Arrangement Arranged hierarchically. Scope and Content Note

carton 4, folder 38 Stockholders, ca. 1966 carton 4, folder 39 Catalogs, 1965-1966 carton 4, folder 40 Promotional material, ca. 1960

Carton 4 VARIAN DATA MACHINES, 1966 Arrangement Arranged hierarchically

Finding Aid to the Varian BANC MSS 73/65 c 8 Associates Records, 1948-1998 SERIES 2,SUBSIDIARIES, ca. 1959-1971 VARIAN DATA MACHINES, 1966

carton 4, folder 41 Newsletters, 1969-1970 Physical Description:

carton 4, folder 42 Promotional material, ca. 1960-1970

Carton 4 NEVA, ca. 1967

carton 4, folder 43 Promotional material, ca. 1967 Carton 4 SERIES 3, RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 1953-1972 Arrangement Arranged chronologically. Scope and Content Note Includes booklets from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (NMR-EPR) workshops, central research reports, and a booklet on rare earth cobalt magnets.

carton 4, folder 44 WCMA Product List and Membership Roster, 1953 carton 4, folder 45 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (NMR-EPR) workshops, ca. 1957 carton 4, folder 46 Central Research Reports, 1963 carton 4, folder 47 Rare Earth Cobalt Magnets, 1972 Cartons 4-5, SERIES 4, SALES AND MARKETING, 1948-1998 Oversize folders Arrangement 1-2 Divided into 3 sub-series: Catalogs, Product Promotional Materials, and Company Publicity. Includes catalogs for various company divisions including klystrons, microwave equipment, tubes, and instruments. Product Promotional Material is made up primarily of advertisements from industry magazines and promotional mailings for distributors. Company Publicity includes newspaper clippings, product and facility information, invitations, various promotional pamphlets, publications, indexes, company history, press releases, and newsletters.

Carton 4 CATALOGS, 1950-1965 Arrangement Arranged chronologically.

carton 4, folder 48 Microwave Equipment, ca. 1950-1954 carton 4, folder 49 First Catalog, 1952 carton 4, folder 50 Klystrons, ca. 1954-1962 carton 4, folder 51 Price lists, 1954-1965 carton 4, folder 52 Tube Division, ca. 1958 carton 4, folder 53 Instrument Group, ca. 1960 carton 4, folder 54 Recorder Division, ca. 1960 carton 4, folder 55 Varian Associates, 1960-1961 carton 4, folder 56 Radiation Division, 1962 carton 4, folder 57 Microwave Tube Group, 1963-1964

Carton 5, Oversize PRODUCT PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS, ca. 1950-1996 folder 1 Arrangement Arranged chronologically.

carton 5, Instrument Division, ca. 1950-1990 folder 1-4 carton 5, folder 5 Klystrons, ca. 1950-1960 Oversize folder 1B Klystrons, 1987

Finding Aid to the Varian BANC MSS 73/65 c 9 Associates Records, 1948-1998 SERIES 4,SALES AND MARKETING, 1948-1998 PRODUCT PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS, ca. 1950-1996

carton 5, Vacuum Products Division, ca. 1950-1996 folder 6-8 carton 5, folder 9 Varian Associates, ca. 1950-1960 carton 5, folder 10 Varian Canada, Ltd., ca. 1954 carton 5, folder 11 Analytical Instruments Division, ca. 1960 carton 5, folder 12 Microwave Tube Group, ca. 1960 carton 5, folder 13 Radiation Division, ca. 1960 carton 5, folder 14 Special Products, ca. 1960 carton 5, folder 15 Tube Division, ca. 1960 carton 5, folder 16 Varian Adco, ca. 1960 carton 5, Medical Equipment, 1990-1992 folder 17-24 carton 5, folder 25 Semiconductor Equipment, ca. 1990 carton 5, folder 26 Varian Oncology Systems, ca. 1996

Carton 5, Oversize COMPANY PUBLICITY, ca. 1948-1998 folders 1-2 Arrangement Arranged chronologically.

carton 5, folder 27 Clippings, ca. 1950 Oversize folder 1B Clippings, ca. 1950 carton 5, folder 28 Product and facility information, ca. 1955-1960 carton 5, folder 29 Invitations and open house, ca. 1957-1964 carton 5, Promotional pamphlets, ca. 1957-1990 folder 30-32 carton 5, folder 33 Publications Indexes, ca. 1957-1964 carton 5, folder 34 Instrument Division information packet, 1958 carton 5, folder 35 Company history, ca. 1960 Oversize folder 2A First "home" of Varian Associates - photograph circa 1948 carton 5, Journal articles, ca. 1956-1998 folder 36-37 Oversize folder 1B Western Electronic News, 1956 carton 5, folder 38 NMR and EPR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Electron Paramagnetic Resonance) at Work, ca. 1960 carton 5, Press releases, ca. 1960-1980 folder 39-43 carton 5, folder 44 Product Applications, ca. 1960 carton 5, folder 45 Special award: Highest Reader Recall in Microwaves, 1962 carton 5, folder 46 Proceedings: Tenth Annual Users Meeting, 1984 carton 5, folder 47 Outline: Customer Presentation, 1985 carton 5, folder 48 Spectroscopist's newsletter ( Spectral News), ca. 1990 carton 5, folder 49 Application Summary, 1994

Finding Aid to the Varian BANC MSS 73/65 c 10 Associates Records, 1948-1998