DOCSLIB.ORG

How to Represent Geospatial Data in SDMX

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
How to Represent Geospatial Data in SDMX How to represent geospatial data in SDMX SDMX Experts Workshop 2018 Juan Muñoz López SDMX-TWG, INEGI Agenda • Basic Concepts on Geolocation • Representation of Geographic Coordinates and Areas • Proposal to Represent Geospatial Data in SDMX • Some Examples of Information Systems With Intensive Use Geo- Referenced Data • Discussion • Conclusions Basic Concepts on Geolocation Some Basic Concepts • Geospatial data refers to geographical aspects like geodesic coordinates, regions, countries, cities, addresses, places, etc. • This kind of data is georeferenced, because it represents location, size and shape of an object on planet Earth. • Geo-Reference: To locate something into the physical space. We establish a reference between an object and its position on Earth. • ISO 19115-1:2014 defines the schema required for describing geographic information and services by means of metadata. Reference frameworks • To geo-reference we can use: • Coordinates system: establish imaginary points over the Earth. A coordinate system is a reference system used to represent the locations of geographic features, imagery, and observations, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) locations, within a common geographic framework. • Map projection: transform latitudes and longitudes on the surfaces of an sphere or an ellipsoid into locations on a plane. Is a systematic transformation of the latitudes and longitudes of locations from the surface of a sphere or an ellipsoid into locations on a plane. Map Projections • Map projections: Conical, Cylindrical, Pseudocylindrical (Combination of conical and cylindrical), Azimuthal (planar). • Orientation: normal, oblique or transversal • Cuts: tangent or secant Projection Examples Mercator: Is a cylindrical map projection presented by the Flemish geographer and cartographer Gerardus Mercator in 1569 Van der Griten: Is a projection of the Earth into a circle. Polar regions are subject to extreme distortion Google Maps, WMS and OpenStreetMap used a Mercator projection (EPSG:3857). From August 2018 Google is using a 3D Globe Model The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) • Uses a 2-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system to give locations on the surface of the Earth. Like the traditional method of latitude and longitude, it is a horizontal position representation, i.e. it is used to identify locations on the Earth independently of vertical position. • The UTM system is not a single map projection. The system instead divides the Earth into sixty zones, each being a six-degree band of longitude, and uses a secant transverse Mercator projection in each zone. • Instead of using latitude and longitude coordinates, each 6° wide UTM zone has a central meridian of 500,000 meters. This central meridian is an arbitrary value convenient for avoiding any negative easting coordinates. All easting values east and west of the central meridian will be positive. • If you’re in the northern hemisphere, the equator has a northing value of 0 meters. In the southern hemisphere, the equator starts at 10,000,000 meters. Geoid, Ellipsoid, Datum • Geoid: Is the shape that the surface of the oceans would take under the influence of Earth's gravity and rotation alone, in the absence of other influences such as winds and tides. • Ellipsoid: Is a three-dimensional geometric figure that resembles a sphere, but whose equatorial axis (a in Figure 2.15.1, above) is slightly longer than its polar axis (b). Ellipsoids are commonly used as surrogates for geoids so as to simplify the mathematics involved in relating a coordinate system grid with a model of the Earth's shape. Many ellipsoids are in use around the world. • Geodetic datum: Is a coordinate system, and a set of reference points, used to locate places on the Earth (or similar objects) which is related to a specific ellipsoid. A datum in the modern sense is defined by choosing an ellipsoid and then a primary reference point. Therefore giving the ellipsoid used is not enough Th diff i di b d i l Cartesian Coordinate System • Is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. • A Cartesian coordinate system for a three-dimensional space consists of an ordered triplet of lines (the axes) that go through a common point (the origin), and are pair-wise perpendicular; an orientation for each axis; and a single unit of length for all three axes. • As in the two-dimensional case, each axis becomes a number line. For any point P of space, one considers a plane through P perpendicular to each coordinate axis, and interprets the point where that plane cuts the axis as a number. The Cartesian coordinates of P are those three numbers, in the chosen order. The reverse construction determines the point P given its three coordinates. Geographical Coordinates Systems Geographical coordinates ( , , h): • Latitude, phi, , Y-axis • Measured as Degrees φ λ • Longitude: lambda,φ , X-axis • Measured as Degrees • References: λ • X: Meridian of Greenwich • Y: Equator • Z: Rotation axis • Altitude (Height or Elevation), h, Z-axis • Measured as Meters • Altitude can be measured: • Ellipsoidal or Orthometric: A point above an ellipsoid. • Geocentric or Cartesian: A point from the mass of the Earth. Latitude, Longitude, Altitude • Latitude: Coordinate that specifies the north–south position of a point on the Earth's surface. Is an angle which ranges from 0° at the Equator to 90° (North or South) at the poles. Lines of constant latitude, or parallels, run east–west as circles parallel to the equator. • Geodetic Latitude: The angle between the normal and the equatorial plane. The standard notation in English publications is . This is the definition assumed when the word latitude is used without qualification. • Longitude: Coordinate that specifies the eastφ -west position of a Point on the Earth’s Surface. Longitude the angle between a plane containing the Prime Meridian and a plane containing the North Pole, South Pole and the location in question. This forms a right-handed coordinate system with the z axis pointing from the Earth's center toward the North Pole and the x axis extending from Earth's center through the equator at the IERS Prime Meridian (derived from the Greenwich Meridian). • Geodetic Longitude: Angle from the prime meridian plane to the meridian plane passing through the given point, eastwards usually treated as positive. The standard notation in English publications is . • Altitude: Synonym of elevation or height. Is the mean distance above sea level. λ • Geodetic Altitude: The distance from the selected point to the reference geoid, measured along the geodetic local vertical, and is positive for points outside the www.britannica.com id d f h f h E h Some Reference Ellipsoids Parameter Value Name Semi-Major Semi-Minor 1/Flattening Axis (a) Km. Axis (b) Km. Semi-major axis a Airy 1830 6377.563 6356.257 299.32 Reciprocal of 1/F Modified Airy 6377.340 6356.034 299.32 flattening Australian National 6377.160 6356.775 298.25 Semi-minor axis b Bessel 1841 6377.397 6356.079 299.15 b=a(1-F) Clarke 1886 6377.206 6356.584 294.98 Clarke 1880 6377.249 6356.516 293.46 First eccentricity = 1 = F(2-F) Everest 1830 6377.276 6356.075 300.80 squared 2 2 Fischer 1960 6378.155 6356.773 298.30 2 ( ) Second eccentricity = − 1 = Helmert 1906 6378.200 6356.818 298.30 squared 2 ( ) 6378.160 6356.774 298.25 2 2− Indonesian 1974 2 2 ′ − 1− International 1924 6378.388 6356.912 298.00 Krassovsky 1940 6378.245 6356.863 298.30 South American 1969 6378.160 6356.774 298.25 WGS 72 6378.135 6356.751 298.26 GRS 80 6378.137 6356.752 298.257 WGS 84 6378.137 6356.752 298.257 Some Reference Datum Datum Ellipsoid Adindan Clarke 1880 European 1950 (ED 50) International 1924 European 1979 (ED 79) International 1924 Pulkovo 1942 Krassovsky Word Geodetic System (WGS 84) WGS84 Korean Geodetic System WGS84 North American 1927 (NAD 27) Clarke 1866 North American 1983 (NAD 83) Clarke 1866 South American 1969 South American 1969 Most GPS receivers and map services South American Geocentric GRS80 like Apple Maps, Google Maps, OpenStreetMap, among others, use a Tokyo Bessel 1841 Cartesian coordinate System based on International Terrestrial Reference System 1992 (ITRF92) GRS80 WGS 84 (EPSG:4326); GRS80 ellipsoid is close enough to align without International Terrestrial Reference System 2008 (ITRF08) GRS80 correction. International Terrestrial Reference System 2014 (ITRF14) GRS80 Representation of Geographic Coordinates and Areas Representing Coordinates There are several standards to represent geo-spatial coordinates: • ISO 6709:2008; Standard representation of geographic point location by coordinates. • KML 2.3, Open Geospatial Consortium, ISO 19111 • GML, Open Geospatial Consortium, ISO 19136 ISO 6709:2008; Standard representation of geographic point location by coordinates. resenting Coordinates • ISO 6709:2008; Standard representation of geographic point location by coordinates. • The horizontal position shall be described through a pair of coordinates. • Latitude: is a number preceded by a sign character. A plus sign (+) denotes northern hemisphere or the equator, and a minus sign (-) denotes southern hemisphere. • Longitude: is a number preceded by a sign character. A plus sign (+) denotes east longitude or the prime meridian, and a minus sign (-) denotes west longitude or 180° meridian (opposite of the prime meridian). • For digital data interchange, decimal
Load more

Recommended publications
  • AS/NZS ISO 6709:2011 ISO 6709:2008 ISO 6709:2008 Cor.1 (2009) AS/NZS ISO 6709:2011 AS/NZS ISO 6709:2011
    AS/NZS ISO 6709:2011 ISO 6709:2008 ISO 6709:2008 Cor.1 (2009) AS/NZS ISO 6709:2011AS/NZS ISO Australian/New Zealand Standard™ Standard representation of geographic point location by coordinates AS/NZS ISO 6709:2011 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee IT-004, Geographical Information/Geomatics. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 15 November 2011 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 14 November 2011. This Standard was published on 23 December 2011. The following are represented on Committee IT-004: ANZLIC—The Spatial Information Council Australasian Fire and Emergency Service Authorities Council Australian Antarctic Division Australian Hydrographic Office Australian Map Circle CSIRO Exploration and Mining Department of Lands, NSW Department of Primary Industries and Water, Tas. Geoscience Australia Land Information New Zealand Mercury Project Solutions Office of Spatial Data Management The University of Melbourne Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the Standard was purchased. Detailed information about joint Australian/New Zealand Standards can be found by visiting the Standards Web Shop at www.saiglobal.com.au or Standards New Zealand web site at www.standards.co.nz and looking up the relevant Standard in the on-line catalogue.
    [Show full text]
  • International Standard
    International Standard INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATlON.ME~YHAPO~HAR OPI-AHH3AWlR fl0 CTAH~APTM3Al&lM.ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION Standard representation of latitude, longitude and altitude for geographic Point locations Reprksen ta tion normalis6e des latitude, longitude et altitude pbur Ia localisa tion des poin ts gkographiques First edition - 1983-05-15i Teh STANDARD PREVIEW (standards.iteh.ai) ISO 6709:1983 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/40603644-5feb-4b20-87de- d0a2bddb21d5/iso-6709-1983 UDC 681.3.04 : 528.28 Ref. No. ISO 67094983 (E) Descriptors : data processing, information interchange, geographic coordinates, representation of data. Price based on 3 pages Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national Standards bodies (ISO member bedies). The work of developing International Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been authorized has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the ISO Council. International Standard ISO 6709 was developediTeh Sby TTechnicalAN DCommitteeAR DISO/TC PR 97,E VIEW Information processing s ystems, and was circulated to the member bodies in November 1981. (standards.iteh.ai) lt has been approved by the member bodies of the following IcountriesSO 6709 :1: 983 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/40603644-5feb-4b20-87de- Belgium France d0a2bddRomaniab21d5/is o-6709-1983 Canada Germany, F.
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping Spatiotemporal Data to RDF: a SPARQL Endpoint for Brussels
    International Journal of Geo-Information Article Mapping Spatiotemporal Data to RDF: A SPARQL Endpoint for Brussels Alejandro Vaisman 1, * and Kevin Chentout 2 1 Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1424, Argentina 2 Sopra Banking Software, Avenue de Tevuren 226, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +54-11-3457-4864 Received: 20 June 2019; Accepted: 7 August 2019; Published: 10 August 2019 Abstract: This paper describes how a platform for publishing and querying linked open data for the Brussels Capital region in Belgium is built. Data are provided as relational tables or XML documents and are mapped into the RDF data model using R2RML, a standard language that allows defining customized mappings from relational databases to RDF datasets. In this work, data are spatiotemporal in nature; therefore, R2RML must be adapted to allow producing spatiotemporal Linked Open Data.Data generated in this way are used to populate a SPARQL endpoint, where queries are submitted and the result can be displayed on a map. This endpoint is implemented using Strabon, a spatiotemporal RDF triple store built by extending the RDF store Sesame. The first part of the paper describes how R2RML is adapted to allow producing spatial RDF data and to support XML data sources. These techniques are then used to map data about cultural events and public transport in Brussels into RDF. Spatial data are stored in the form of stRDF triples, the format required by Strabon. In addition, the endpoint is enriched with external data obtained from the Linked Open Data Cloud, from sites like DBpedia, Geonames, and LinkedGeoData, to provide context for analysis.
    [Show full text]
  • Shaded Elevation Map of Ohio
    STATE OF OHIO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Ted Strickland, Governor Sean D. Logan, Director Lawrence H. Wickstrom, Chief SHADED ELEVATION MAP OF OHIO 0 10 20 30 40 miles 0 10 20 30 40 kilometers SCALE 1:2,000,000 427-500500-600600-700700-800800-900900-10001000-11001100-12001200-13001300-14001400-1500>1500 Land elevation in feet Lake Erie water depth in feet 0-6 7-12 13-18 19-24 25-30 31-36 37-42 43-48 49-54 55-60 61-66 67-84 SHADED ELEVATION MAP This map depicts the topographic relief of Ohio’s landscape using color lier impeded the southward-advancing glaciers, causing them to split into to represent elevation intervals. The colorized topography has been digi- two lobes, the Miami Lobe on the west and the Scioto Lobe on the east. tally shaded from the northwest slightly above the horizon to give the ap- Ridges of thick accumulations of glacial material, called moraines, drape pearance of a three-dimensional surface. The map is based on elevation around the outlier and are distinct features on the map. Some moraines in data from the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Elevation Dataset; the Ohio are more than 200 miles long. Two other glacial lobes, the Killbuck grid spacing for the data is 30 meters. Lake Erie water depths are derived and the Grand River Lobes, are present in the northern and northeastern from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration data. This digi- portions of the state. tally derived map shows details of Ohio’s topography unlike any map of 4 Eastern Continental Divide—A continental drainage divide extends the past.
    [Show full text]
  • Meyers Height 1
    University of Connecticut DigitalCommons@UConn Peer-reviewed Articles 12-1-2004 What Does Height Really Mean? Part I: Introduction Thomas H. Meyer University of Connecticut, [email protected] Daniel R. Roman National Geodetic Survey David B. Zilkoski National Geodetic Survey Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/thmeyer_articles Recommended Citation Meyer, Thomas H.; Roman, Daniel R.; and Zilkoski, David B., "What Does Height Really Mean? Part I: Introduction" (2004). Peer- reviewed Articles. Paper 2. http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/thmeyer_articles/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UConn. It has been accepted for inclusion in Peer-reviewed Articles by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UConn. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Land Information Science What does height really mean? Part I: Introduction Thomas H. Meyer, Daniel R. Roman, David B. Zilkoski ABSTRACT: This is the first paper in a four-part series considering the fundamental question, “what does the word height really mean?” National Geodetic Survey (NGS) is embarking on a height mod- ernization program in which, in the future, it will not be necessary for NGS to create new or maintain old orthometric height benchmarks. In their stead, NGS will publish measured ellipsoid heights and computed Helmert orthometric heights for survey markers. Consequently, practicing surveyors will soon be confronted with coping with these changes and the differences between these types of height. Indeed, although “height’” is a commonly used word, an exact definition of it can be difficult to find. These articles will explore the various meanings of height as used in surveying and geodesy and pres- ent a precise definition that is based on the physics of gravitational potential, along with current best practices for using survey-grade GPS equipment for height measurement.
    [Show full text]
  • QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE Latitude, Longitude and Associated Metadata
    QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE Latitude, Longitude and Associated Metadata The Property Profile Form (PPF) requests the property name, address, city, state and zip. From these address fields, ACRES interfaces with Google Maps and extracts the latitude and longitude (lat/long) for the property location. ACRES sets the remaining property geographic information to default values. The data (known collectively as “metadata”) are required by EPA Data Standards. Should an ACRES user need to be update the metadata, the Edit Fields link on the PPF provides the ability to change the information. Before the metadata were populated by ACRES, the data were entered manually. There may still be the need to do so, for example some properties do not have a specific street address (e.g. a rural property located on a state highway) or an ACRES user may have an exact lat/long that is to be used. This Quick Reference Guide covers how to find latitude and longitude, define the metadata, fill out the associated fields in a Property Work Package, and convert latitude and longitude to decimal degree format. This explains how the metadata were determined prior to September 2011 (when the Google Maps interface was added to ACRES). Definitions Below are definitions of the six data elements for latitude and longitude data that are collected in a Property Work Package. The definitions below are based on text from the EPA Data Standard. Latitude: Is the measure of the angular distance on a meridian north or south of the equator. Latitudinal lines run horizontal around the earth in parallel concentric lines from the equator to each of the poles.
    [Show full text]
  • AIM: Latitude and Longitude
    AIM: Latitude and Longitude Latitude lines run east/west but they measure north or south of the equator (0°) splitting the earth into the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere. Latitude North Pole 90 80 Lines of 70 60 latitude are 50 numbered 40 30 from 0° at 20 Lines of [ 10 the equator latitude are 10 to 90° N.L. 20 numbered 30 at the North from 0° at 40 Pole. 50 the equator ] 60 to 90° S.L. 70 80 at the 90 South Pole. South Pole Latitude The North Pole is at 90° N 40° N is the 40° The equator is at 0° line of latitude north of the latitude. It is neither equator. north nor south. It is at the center 40° S is the 40° between line of latitude north and The South Pole is at 90° S south of the south. equator. Longitude Lines of longitude begin at the Prime Meridian. 60° W is the 60° E is the 60° line of 60° line of longitude west longitude of the Prime east of the W E Prime Meridian. Meridian. The Prime Meridian is located at 0°. It is neither east or west 180° N Longitude West Longitude West East Longitude North Pole W E PRIME MERIDIAN S Lines of longitude are numbered east from the Prime Meridian to the 180° line and west from the Prime Meridian to the 180° line. Prime Meridian The Prime Meridian (0°) and the 180° line split the earth into the Western Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere. Prime Meridian Western Eastern Hemisphere Hemisphere Places located east of the Prime Meridian have an east longitude (E) address.
    [Show full text]
  • Core Concepts Study Guide Absolute Location – Exact Position on Earth In
    Geography – Core Concepts Study Guide absolute location – exact position on Earth in terms of longitude and latitude aerial photograph - photographic image of Earth's surface taken from the air cardinal direction – north, east, south, and west compass rose - diagram of a compass showing direction degree – unit that measures angles distortion – loss of accuracy elevation - height above sea level Geographic information system (GIS) - computer-based system that stores and uses information linked to geographic locations geography – study of the human and nonhuman features of Earth hemisphere – one half of Earth human-environment interaction - how people affect their environment and how their environment affects them key - section of a map that explains the map's symbols and shading latitude – distance north or south of the Equator measured in degrees locator map - section of a map that shows a larger area than the main map longitude – distance east or west of the Prime Meridian measured in degrees movement - how people, goods, and ideas get from one place to another physical map - map that shows physical, or natural, features place – mix of human and nonhuman features at a given location political map - map that shows political units, such as countries or states projection - way to map Earth on a flat surface region - area with at least one unifying physical or human feature such as climate, landforms, population, or history relative location – location of a place relative to another place satellite image - picture of Earth's surface taken from a satellite in orbit scale – relative size scale bar – section of a map that shows how much space on the map represents a given distance on the land special-purpose map - map that shows the location or distribution of human or physical features sphere – round-shaped body What do geographers study? Geographers study human and nonhuman features of Earth.
    [Show full text]
  • State Plane Coordinate System
    Wisconsin Coordinate Reference Systems Second Edition Published 2009 by the State Cartographer’s Office Wisconsin Coordinate Reference Systems Second Edition Wisconsin State Cartographer’s Offi ce — Madison, WI Copyright © 2015 Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System About the State Cartographer’s Offi ce Operating from the University of Wisconsin-Madison campus since 1974, the State Cartographer’s Offi ce (SCO) provides direct assistance to the state’s professional mapping, surveying, and GIS/ LIS communities through print and Web publications, presentations, and educational workshops. Our staff work closely with regional and national professional organizations on a wide range of initia- tives that promote and support geospatial information technologies and standards. Additionally, we serve as liaisons between the many private and public organizations that produce geospatial data in Wisconsin. State Cartographer’s Offi ce 384 Science Hall 550 North Park St. Madison, WI 53706 E-mail: [email protected] Phone: (608) 262-3065 Web: www.sco.wisc.edu Disclaimer The contents of the Wisconsin Coordinate Reference Systems (2nd edition) handbook are made available by the Wisconsin State Cartographer’s offi ce at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (Uni- versity) for the convenience of the reader. This handbook is provided on an “as is” basis without any warranties of any kind. While every possible effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of information contained in this handbook, the University assumes no responsibilities for any damages or other liability whatsoever (including any consequential damages) resulting from your selection or use of the contents provided in this handbook. Revisions Wisconsin Coordinate Reference Systems (2nd edition) is a digital publication, and as such, we occasionally make minor revisions to this document.
    [Show full text]
  • Latitude/Longitude Data Standard
    LATITUDE/LONGITUDE DATA STANDARD Standard No.: EX000017.2 January 6, 2006 Approved on January 6, 2006 by the Exchange Network Leadership Council for use on the Environmental Information Exchange Network Approved on January 6, 2006 by the Chief Information Officer of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency for use within U.S. EPA This consensus standard was developed in collaboration by State, Tribal, and U. S. EPA representatives under the guidance of the Exchange Network Leadership Council and its predecessor organization, the Environmental Data Standards Council. Latitude/Longitude Data Standard Std No.:EX000017.2 Foreword The Environmental Data Standards Council (EDSC) identifies, prioritizes, and pursues the creation of data standards for those areas where information exchange standards will provide the most value in achieving environmental results. The Council involves Tribes and Tribal Nations, state and federal agencies in the development of the standards and then provides the draft materials for general review. Business groups, non- governmental organizations, and other interested parties may then provide input and comment for Council consideration and standard finalization. Standards are available at http://www.epa.gov/datastandards. 1.0 INTRODUCTION The Latitude/Longitude Data Standard is a set of data elements that can be used for recording horizontal and vertical coordinates and associated metadata that define a point on the earth. The latitude/longitude data standard establishes the requirements for documenting latitude and longitude coordinates and related method, accuracy, and description data for all places used in data exchange transaction. Places include facilities, sites, monitoring stations, observation points, and other regulated or tracked features. 1.1 Scope The purpose of the standard is to provide a common set of data elements to specify a point by latitude/longitude.
    [Show full text]
  • Contributing to the Getty Vocabularies (2020)
    Contributing to the Getty Vocabularies Revised May 2020 Patricia Harpring Managing Editor Getty Vocabulary Program Patricia Harpring Contributing to the Getty Vocabularies revised 13 May 2020 1 Table of Contents • Contributing to ULAN ….76 • Preface ….3 • ...Required Fields ….82 • What Are the Getty Vocabularies …5 • ...Sources ….99 • Basics for Contributions ….18 • Contributing to TGN ….103 • ...Who Contributes? ….19 • ...Required Fields ….109... • ...Processing Contributions ….21 • Sources ….122 • ...Criteria for Contributions ….23 • Contributing to CONA ….128 • ...XML: Mapping Your Data ….30 • ...Required Fields ….134 • …Spreadsheet: use OpenRefine...33 • ...Sources ….156 • …Online contribution form …35 • Contributing to the IA ….163 • Contributing to the AAT ….36 • ...Required Fields ….168 • ...Required Fields ….42 • ...Sources ….181 • ...Sources ...68 • Exercise ……. 188 Contributing to the Getty Vocabularies Patricia Harpring Contributing to the Getty Vocabularies revised 13 May 2020 2 Preface • This presentation is a brief overview of general issues surrounding contributions to the Getty Vocabularies • It includes examples of various issues surrounding contributions; it is not comprehensive Getty Vocabularies • The complex and extensive rules and examples surrounding the fields are not included in this presentation • For extensive guidance concerning rules and issues, in a field‐by‐field discussion, see the online • For general information about contributions and Getty Vocabulary Editorial Guidelines, which contain links to contribution
    [Show full text]
  • Geomatics Guidance Note 3
    Geomatics Guidance Note 3 Contract area description Revision history Version Date Amendments 5.1 December 2014 Revised to improve clarity. Heading changed to ‘Geomatics’. 4 April 2006 References to EPSG updated. 3 April 2002 Revised to conform to ISO19111 terminology. 2 November 1997 1 November 1995 First issued. 1. Introduction Contract Areas and Licence Block Boundaries have often been inadequately described by both licensing authorities and licence operators. Overlaps of and unlicensed slivers between adjacent licences may then occur. This has caused problems between operators and between licence authorities and operators at both the acquisition and the development phases of projects. This Guidance Note sets out a procedure for describing boundaries which, if followed for new contract areas world-wide, will alleviate the problems. This Guidance Note is intended to be useful to three specific groups: 1. Exploration managers and lawyers in hydrocarbon exploration companies who negotiate for licence acreage but who may have limited geodetic awareness 2. Geomatics professionals in hydrocarbon exploration and development companies, for whom the guidelines may serve as a useful summary of accepted best practice 3. Licensing authorities. The guidance is intended to apply to both onshore and offshore areas. This Guidance Note does not attempt to cover every aspect of licence boundary definition. In the interests of producing a concise document that may be as easily understood by the layman as well as the specialist, definitions which are adequate for most licences have been covered. Complex licence boundaries especially those following river features need specialist advice from both the survey and the legal professions and are beyond the scope of this Guidance Note.
    [Show full text]