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STATE MINIMUM WAGES PAGE 29 January 2017 DENVER CONTACTS (303) 364-7700 WASHINGTON, D.C. CONTACTS (202) 624-5400 Alabama Doug Farquhar Kentucky Rachel Morgan Oklahoma Diane Chaffin Alaska Mary Fairchild Louisiana Mandy Rafool Oregon Sunny Deye American Samoa Arturo Perez Maine Julie Poppe & Kae Warnock Pennsylvania Kelly Latterman & Molly Ramsdell Arizona Heather Morton Maryland Kathy Brennan-Wiggins Puerto Rico Arturo Perez Arkansas Suzanne Hultin Massachusetts Dick Cauchi Rhode Island Sarah Brown California Nancy Rhyme & Molly Ramsdell Michigan Michelle Exstrom & Kevin Pula South Carolina Kristine Hartman Colorado Doug Shinkle Minnesota Alison Lawrence South Dakota Max Behlke Connecticut Mick Bullock Mississippi Brenda Erickson Tennessee Angela Andrews Delaware Jennifer Schultz Missouri Brooke Oleen & Max Behlke Texas Arturo Perez D.C. Joyce Johnson & Danielle Dean Montana Mary Fairchild Utah Stacy Householder Florida Luke Martel & Susan Frederick Nebraska Katie Ziegler Vermont Erica MacKellar Georgia Lee Posey Nevada Jocelyn Durkay Virgin Islands Arturo Perez Guam Arturo Perez New Hampshire Heather Morton Virginia Jon Jukuri Hawaii Corina Eckl New Jersey Rich Williams & Ann Morse Washington Mark Quiner Idaho Julie Bell New Mexico Diane Chaffin West Virginia Mary Wild & Molly Ramsdell Illinois Brian Weberg New York Neal Osten & Jake Lestock Wisconsin Wendy Underhill Indiana Martha Salazar North Carolina Ben Husch Wyoming Julie Poppe Iowa Laura Tobler North Dakota Karmen Hanson Kansas Anne Teigen Ohio Jonathan Griffin & Jeff Hurley A National JANUARY 2017 VOL. 43 NO. 1 | CONTENTS Conference of State Legislatures Publication Executive Director William T. Pound Director of Communications Karen Hansen Editor Julie Lays Assistant Editor NCSL’s national magazine of policy and politics Kevin Frazzini Contributing Editor Jane Carroll Andrade FEATURES DEPARTMENTS Online Magazine Ed Smith Mark Wolf Award Winners PAGE 4 SHORT TAKES PAGE 5 Advertising Sales Manager NCSL President-elect South Dakota Senator Deb Peters and Connections, support, expertise and ideas from NCSL LeAnn Hoff (303) 364-7700 Utah Fiscal Analyst Jonathan Ball are honorees this month. [email protected] NEWSMAKERS PAGE 6 Contributors Glen Andersen The Big Issues of 2017 Page 12 A look at who’s making news under the domes Angela Andrews Julie Bell By JULIE LAYS Sarah Brown Dick Cauchi Lawmakers have plenty to ponder beyond presidential politics. TRENDS PAGE 10 Rochelle Finzel Pam Greenberg Legislative action on mobile tracking devices, e-bicycles, work Alison Lawrence Donna Lyons apprenticeships and library funding Martha King Erica MacKellar Ann Morse Lee Posey STATELINE PAGE 18 Arturo Pérez Kevin Pula Newsy tidbits from around the Molly Ramsdell Samantha Scotti country—from declawing cats in Rich Williams New Jersey and running red lights Art Director Bruce Holdeman in Pennsylvania to battling bullies NCSL President in Texas and going transparent in Senator Daniel T. Blue North Carolina California NCSL Staff Chair Raúl E. Burciaga Director, Legislative STATESTATS PAGE 29 Council Service New Mexico The maximum on the minimum wage Denver Office 7700 East First Place Denver, Colorado YES, NO, MAYBE SO PAGE 30 80230 (303) 364-7700 This month’s ethics question: Why are ethics laws different? Washington, D.C., Office 444 N. Capitol St. ©2017 BRUCE HOLDEMAN N.W., Suite 515 THE FINAL WORD PAGE 31 Washington, D.C. 20001 Licensed to Labor Page 20 Meet California Senate President (202) 624-5400 By SUZANNE WEISS Kevin de León State Legislatures (ISSN 0147-0641) is States are re-examining the way they regulate a variety of “It’s incumbent on all legislators, published 10 times a year by the National occupations. whether Democrat or Republican, to Conference of State Legislatures. provide our citizens a modicum of ©2017, All rights reserved. Reproduction Bathroom Bills on Trial Page 24 dignity and respect.” in whole or in part without permission is By JOELLEN KRALIK prohibited. Requests for permission to The Supreme Court has agreed to hear its first case on SL ONLINE reprint may be emailed to Julie Lays at: julie. transgender rights. You can find more information and [email protected]. Opinions expressed links to resources on topics covered in this magazine do not necessarily A Roadmap for Self-Driving Cars Page 27 in these pages at SL Online, including reflect NCSL policy. State Legislatures is By BENJAMIN HUSCH and ANNE TEIGEN NCSL’s complete elections analysis. indexed in the PAIS Bulletin and Expanded These five things you need to know about the new federal Academic Index. Go to ncsl.org/magazine Annual subscription guidance on autonomous vehicles. rates: U.S.—$49; foreign—$55; teachers—$25 (promo code SLMTEA). Single copy: $6.50. Periodically, NCSL rents mailing labels to other organizations. If Dive deep into the worlds of transportation funding and finance you prefer your name not be included please or marijuana policy, with everything you need for a deeper send a written request. understanding on either topic all in one place. Two dives, lots to Postmaster: Send address changes to: catch in SL Online’s Deep Dive section. State Legislatures magazine, 7700 East First Place, Denver, CO 80230. STATE LEGISLATURES 3 JANUARY 2017 AWARD Utah Fiscal Analyst Jonathan Ball Wins Gold South Dakota Senator Deb Peters onathan C. Ball, director of Utah’s Office of the Legislative Fiscal Named Public Official of the Year Analyst, is this year’s winner of the Steven D. Gold Award for his significant contributions to public financial management in Jintergovernmental relations and state and local finance. Ball is outh Dakota Senator Deb Peters (R) was recognized as a Public being honored for strengthening Official of the Year by GOVERNING magazine for her outstanding the legislative institution through The Steven D. Gold Award accomplishments as a national leader in fighting for the ability of his outstanding work in developing honors significant contributions states to collect sales taxes from online purchases. effective training materials in the art of S to the field of public finance in Peters, chair of South Dakota Senate Appropriations Committee, has legislative fiscal analysis. intergovernmental relations. It repeatedly urged Congress to give states Ball leads a team of nonpartisan is given annually by NCSL, the taxing authority over internet commerce. finance experts and economists who Association for Public Policy Every year since 1994, Congress has debated the so-called forecast state revenue, recommend Analysis and Management and GOVERNING has Marketplace Fairness Act for more than a budgets, estimate the cost of the National Tax Association honored individual state decade, while states, in the meantime, have proposed legislation and staff the in memory of Steven D. Gold, and local government lost tens of billions of dollars in potential Utah Legislature’s appropriations an active member of all three officials for outstanding sales tax revenue. Federal action would committees. His innovative uses organizations. Gold made accomplishments by significant contributions to the address a 1992 court decision that prohibits of technology to make budget naming them Public field of state and local finance states from collecting sales taxes from information more easily accessible Officials of the Year. and intergovernmental relations. retailers outside their borders. to policymakers and the public has Elected, appointed and Gold had an exemplary career career officials from any Last year Peters, who is president-elect won him numerous awards, including as a state and local fiscal analyst branch of state or local of NCSL, and by her own admission “not NCSL’s Online Democracy Award for and served as director of Fiscal government are eligible. a patient person,” grew frustrated by the Utah Legislature’s website. He’s Studies at NCSL. congressional gridlock while South Dakota been on the faculty of the Legislative sales tax revenue declined—an ominous Staff Management Institute, is a portent in a state that has no income tax. So she introduced her own bill frequent speaker on budget and revenue policy at national meetings, and allowing South Dakota to collect sales tax on internet purchases. She is a regular guest lecturer at various state universities. worked with her governor and attorney general to write the bill in such a He has enjoyed 20 years of public service, including jobs in the way that it would fast-track any potential lawsuit through the courts. The executive and legislative branches of both state and federal government. first day the law went into effect, online retailers sued. Before moving to Utah, Ball held positions at the Joint Economic The case may make it to the Supreme Court as early as next year. And Committee of the U.S. Congress, the Washington Office of Michigan could result in a reversal of the 1992 case Quill Corp v. North Dakota. Governor John Engler, the U.S. Department of Commerce and the White Peters’ bold action inspired a movement. Twenty-two states House Office of Management and Budget. introduced 33 bills allowing states to collect sales tax on internet Ball has served as president of the National Association of Legislative purchases in 2016. Fiscal Officers and the Western States Legislative Fiscal Officers’ “I can be a little pushy if things aren’t going my way,” Peters says. She Association. He also has served on NCSL’s Executive Committee. just may succeed in pushing Congress—and the court—into a new world He earned a bachelor’s degree in economics