Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report
Project Number: 42161 April 2014
NEPAL: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery (Financed by the TA Special Funds)
Prepared by :Cowater International Inc.
In association with: Innovative Solutions PVT. LTd.
For: Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport
Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development (MoFALD) Formerly Ministry of Local Development) and Ministry of Physical Planning and Works) Through the Department of Urban Development and Building Construction.
This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design.
FINAL REPORT
Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery
ADB TA 7982-NEP
Prepared for: Government of Nepal Asian Development Bank
Prepared by: Cowater International Inc.
In association with: Innovative Solutions Pvt. Ltd. PP Pradhan & Co.
April 2014 ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery i Final Report – April 2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acronyms ...... ii Executive Summary ...... 1 1.1 Main Outputs & Performance Measurement ...... 2 1.2 Improvement of Financial Management Systems (100) ...... 9 1.3 Strengthening Urban Planning (200) ...... 10 1.4 GIS-based Mapping (300) ...... 12 Improvement of Financial Management Systems (100) ...... 14 2.1 Activities Undertaken and Results Achieved ...... 14 Strengthening Urban Planning (200) ...... 31 3.1 Activities Undertaken and Results Achieved ...... 31 GIS-based Mapping (300) ...... 37 4.1 Activities Undertaken and Results Achieved ...... 37 Challenges Faced and Mitigation measures adopted ...... 41 Assessment of Achievements & Follow-up Recommendations to Achieve Sustainability ...... 43 Annex A: Reports, Manuals and Handouts Produced by SMUSDP ...... A-1 Annex B: Approval of Building & Planning Bylaws ...... B-1 Annex C: Dharan Land Use Zone Map ...... C-1 Annex D: Siddharthanagar Land Use Zone Map ...... D-1 Annex E: Nepalgunj Land Use Zone Map ...... E-1 Annex F: Janakpur Land Use Zone Map ...... F-1 Annex G: Introduction to SMUSDP’s GIS-based Municipal Information System (G-MIS) ...... G-1
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Table 1 : SMUSDP Performance Monitoring Framework (PMF) ...... 3 Table 2 : Scope of CFMIP Implementation Action Plan ...... 14 Table 3: Status of CFMIP Action Plan Implementation to date ...... 15 Table 4: Levels of Computerization by Municipality ...... 15 Table 5: Expected outputs and achievements of capacity development plan ...... 17 Table 6: Achievements in the Implementation of CFMIP ...... 19 Table 7: Advances Settled by Municipality ...... 19 Table 8: Results of Improvements to Shangrila Software ...... 22 Table 9: Aggregate Assessment of On the Job Training ...... 23 Table 10: Assessment of Structured Training ...... 24 Table 11: OJT Benefits and Achievements ...... 24 Table 12: Submission of IA Reports by Municipality ...... 26 Table 13: House and Land Parcel Data ...... 28 Table 14: Increase in the Own Source Revenue ...... 30 Table 15: Summary of Building Code/Bylaw Assessment (April 2012) ...... 31
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery ii Final Report – April 2014
ACRONYMS ADB Asian Development Bank BB Building Bylaw BPB Building and Planning Bylaws CFMIP Comprehensive Financial Management Improvement Plan DTCO District Treasury and Accounts Controlling Office DUDBC Department of Urban Development and Building Construction EA Executing Agency EO Executive Officer FAR Floor Area Ratio FCGO Financial Comptroller General Office GIS Geographic Information System GoN Government of Nepal GMIS GIS-based Municipal Information System IPT Integrated Property Tax ISMP Institutional Strengthening of Municipalities Project IT Information Technology KMC Kathmandu Metropolitan City LBFAR Local Body (Financial Administration) Regulation LGCDP Local Governance Capacity Development Program LRDBMS Land Registration Database Management System LSGA Local Self Governance Acts (2056/1999) LSGR Local Self Governance Regulations MC Minimum Condition (from MCPMs) MCPM Minimum Condition and Performance Measures MFP Municipal Focal Person MLRM Ministry of Land Reform and Management MoFALD Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development MoUD Ministry of Urban Development MRT Mandatory Rule of Thumb NBC National Building Code NGO Non-governmental organization NSET National Society for Earthquake Technology OAG Office of the Auditor General O&M Operation and maintenance OJT On-the-job training PP Periodic Plan PPTA Project Preparatory Technical Assistance PSC Project Steering Committee ROW Right-of-way ST Structured training (classroom-based) SES Socio-economic survey SMS Shangrila Micro System STIUEIP Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project SMUSDP Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery Project (TA 7982-NEP) TA Technical Assistance TOR Terms of reference
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 1 Final Report – April 2014
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. This document constitutes the Final Report for ADB TA 7982-NEP: ‘Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery (SMUSD)’. The report describes the inputs provided by the Consultant (Cowater International Inc. (Cowater)) in order to achieve the project’s desired outputs and outcomes over the course of its two-year lifespan.
2. SMUSD revolved around three main components:
1) Improving municipal financial management systems, including revenue enhancement;
2) Strengthened the technical capacity of municipal staff to manage and improve their urban planning practices; and
3) Building capacity of municipal staff to institutionalize GIS-based mapping and to use this technology to support taxation and urban service delivery.
3. Through these three components the TA sought, at the level of overall impact, stronger institutional capacity for four municipalities: Dharan; Janakpur; Nepalgunj; and Siddharthanagar. At the ultimate outcome level, it sought to improve financial management and strengthen urban planning for Dharan, Janakpur, Nepalgunj and Siddharthanagar. Its achievements vis-à-vis these overall objectives and those at the outcome level are illustrated in the accompanying performance measurement framework. (Table 1).
4. Building on earlier financial management planning support provided by the ADB CDTA 7355- NEP: Institutional Strengthening of Municipalities Project (ISMP), SMUSD provided financial management implementation and other related technical assistance in support of the much larger infrastructure based Integrated Urban Development Project (IUDP) directed towards the same four municipalities.
5. The Consultant’s team was led by a national Team Leader and Deputy Team Leader and was composed of an additional two international and four national sector specialists. The core Kathmandu-based team worked together with the Consultant’s headquarters staff in Canada, and various local subcontractors and resource people to complete the project’s deliverables.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 2 Final Report – April 2014
1.1 Main Outputs & Performance Measurement
6. The main outputs of this project are summarized as follows: a. Detailed action plan (Comprehensive Financial Management Improvement Plans) for enhancing revenue generation and improving financial management in four municipalities and training to support their implementation; b. Internal audit (IA) guidelines developed and structured classroom and on the job training (OJT) provided to support four municipalities in their implementation and preparation of monthly internal audit reports; c. Updated the existing Building Bylaws and detailed Action Plans to ensure an effective implementation of the Bylaws and Codes; d. Public Awareness Campaign plans and material to enhance awareness of citizens in four municipalities outlining the tax registration process, building bylaw and code implementation and campaign objectives; and e. A complete set of databases (geospatial and tabular), a functioning GIS-based municipal information system (G-MIS), GIS workstations and training to support the institutionalizing of GIS-based urban planning in four municipalities; and software customization and linkage with municipal tax system.
7. Many reports have been produced as a part of the outputs achieved in all components to support ongoing work and are intended to be used as reference materials for municipal staff and the Government of Nepal in the future. A complete list of these documents is included in Annex A at the end of this report. All documents produced as part of this TA will be copied to a CD accompanying the final report.
8. The focus for each of the project beneficiaries after the completion of this project will be on the sustainability of the results achieved as part of this TA. To assist each project stakeholder in this regards, we have compiled a list of recommendations to build on the key achievements from this TA, accompanied by performance indicators and targets for each recommendation. The assessment of these achievements and recommendations are included in the final section of this report.
9. The SMUSDP team has been using the performance measurement framework below to guide its work and track its progress over the course of the project. Described in the table below are the estimated outcome level results associated with the projects primary outputs.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 3 Final Report – April 2014
Table 1 : SMUSDP Performance Monitoring Framework (PMF) INDICATORS BASELINE TARGETS Achievement Remarks 1 2 Overall score according to Nepal’s MCPM FY 09/10 FY 12/13 FY 11/12 : minimum conditions Dharan: 13 Dharan: 15 Dharan: 13 Janakpur: 13 Janakpur: 15 Janakpur: 13 Nepalgunj: 13 Nepalgunj: 15 Nepalgunj: 13 Siddharthanagar:13 Siddharthanagar: 15 Siddharthanagar:13 Overall ranking amongst all municipalities FY 09/10: (out of 58) FY 12/13 FY11/12: (out of 58) th th according to Nepal’s MCPM performance Dharan: 6 Dharan: 4th Dharan: 27 measures Janakpur: 40th Janakpur: 35th Janakpur: 49th th th Nepalgunj: 47 Nepalgunj: 42nd Nepalgunj: 42 Siddharthanagar: 24th Siddhartha.: 19th Siddharthanagar: 17th MCPM performance measures score for FY 09/10 FY 12/13 FY 11/12: Financial Management working area Dharan: 19 Dharan: 22 Dharan: 18 Janakpur: 11 Janakpur: 17 Janakpur: 8 Nepalgunj: 11 Nepalgunj: 17 Nepalgunj: 15 Siddharthanagar: 18 Siddharthanagar: 22 Siddharthanagar: 14 MCPM minimum conditions score for Planning FY 09/10: FY 12/13 FY 11/12 and Budget Approval indicator (#1) Dharan: C Dharan: C Dharan: C Janakpur: C Janakpur: C Janakpur: C Nepalgunj: C Nepalgunj: C Nepalgunj: C Siddharthanagar: C Siddharthanagar: C Siddharthanagar: C MCPM minimum conditions score for FY 09/10: FY 12/13 FY 11/12: Provision of Building Permit indicator (#10) Dharan: C Dharan: C Dharan: C Janakpur: C Janakpur: C Janakpur: C Nepalgunj: C Nepalgunj: C Nepalgunj: C Siddharthanagar: C Siddharthanagar: C Siddharthanagar: C # of municipalities with operational GIS units3 0 4 4 1.1 # of public awareness campaign plans 0 4 4 A public awareness campaign plan was prepared prepared for each municipality. All plans were included in one consolidated document.
1 Two minimum conditions (Formation of Accounts Committee and Supervision and Monitoring Committee) are on hold at present in the absence of the elected local government. 2 This report was prepared in March 2014. FY 12/13 scored were not available until April 2014. 3 “Operational” meaning the GIS units are equipped with appropriate IT infrastructure, have dedicated staff and are working on at least one planning project for the municipality.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 4 Final Report – April 2014
INDICATORS BASELINE TARGETS Achievement Remarks 1.2 # of public announcements drafted 0 44 4 Produced FM jingles, brochures, posters, drafted format for press notices, and pamphlets in each municipality. 1.3 # of property taxpayers whose data has Dharan: 14,000 Dharan: 17,600 Dharan: 30,910 In the baseline, only building data was been input into taxpayer databases5 Janakpur: 4,000 Janakpur: 15,200 Janakpur: 6,243 taken into consideration. In the analysis Nepalgunj: 4,000 Nepalgunj: 9,600 Nepalgunj: 19,339 land parcel data has also been Siddharthanagar: Siddharthanagar: Siddharthanagar: considered. Building data of the socio 17,689 economic survey carried out by this TA 5,000 9,600 has been taken instead of baseline data. 1.4 Own source tax and fee revenues FY2010/11: FY 2013/14: FY 2012/13: generated by municipalities (NRs millions) Dharan: 31 Dharan: 62 (unaudited) Janakpur: 27 Janakpur: 37 Dharan: 40 Nepalgunj: 17 Nepalgunj: 33 Janakpur: 24 Nepalgunj: 34 Siddharthanagar: 29 Siddharthanagar: 42 Siddharthanagar: 50 2.1 # of internal audit work plan review reports 0 4 4 prepared 2.2 # of first annual internal audit reports 0 4 4 prepared in accordance with standards 2.3 # of monthly internal audit reports 0 4 Dharan: prepared in accordance with standards 2012/13: 6 2013/14: 5 Janakpur: 2012/13: 7 2013/14: 5 Currently the objective is for all Nepalgunj: municipalities to produce monthly IA reports, but so far only Dharan and 2012/13: 1 Janakpur have been able to produce 2013/14: 1 reports on a monthly basis. Siddharthanagar: 2012/13: 2 2013/14: 1
4 1 set of FM radio announcements; 1 set of poster text; 1 set of brochures explaining necessity of and benefits associated with paying property taxes. Revenue campaign modality and extent of campaign are dependent on the availability of municipal budget. 5 20% increases in 2 years are on top of a projected 10% natural increase in taxpayers and entered data. Data source: ISMP assessments of IUDP municipalities (ADB TA 7355-NEP). The current figure in Janakpur is 8,000, not 5,000 as originally reported in ISMP report.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 5 Final Report – April 2014
INDICATORS BASELINE TARGETS Achievement Remarks 3.1 # of CFMIP dissemination and CFMIP 0 4 4 Workshop was held with the support of action plan stakeholder consultation individual consultant hired by ADB. workshops held 3.2 # of CFMIP Implementation Action Plans 0 4 4 completed and approved 3.3 # of accounting, budgeting and internal 0 1 1 FM staff capacity development plan was audit training plans prepared prepared. 3.4 # of accounting, budgeting and internal 0 1 1 During the project’s inception it was audit guidelines or manuals prepared decided that new accounting and budget manual will not be required as it will be a duplication of government prescribed rules and regulations which addresses the requirement of manual. It was decided to develop only IA guidelines. 3.5 # of revenue and expenditure accounting 0 2 2 software modules upgraded 3.6 % of accounting, budgeting and internal 0 100% 100% audit training program implemented 3.7 # of financial management staff - 16/12 16/12 The total number of training participants participants in training program was 28. (16 participants from SMUSDP (SMUSDP/ISMP)6 and 12 participants from ISMP). 3.8 % of training program participants - 75% 90% The following overall training scores satisfied or very satisfied with training quality were received: Excellent - 66% Good - 24% 3.9 # of formal accounting, budgeting and 0 1 4 Class room training was used as a internal audit refresher sessions conducted refresher session as well to assess the outcome of OJT (software application and other FM matters), implementation of CFMIP, review of MCPM performance etc. Training sessions were held in each municipality instead of one large session for all municipalities in Kathmandu. 4.1 # of by-law assessment and amendment Building Bylaws were updated and 0 4 4 documents submitted. renamed as ‘Building and Planning Bylaws’ for Dharan, Janakpur,
6 ISMP: Biratnagar, Birgunj and Butwal municipal staff.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 6 Final Report – April 2014
INDICATORS BASELINE TARGETS Achievement Remarks Siddharthanagar, and Nepalgunj. The documents were approved by municipality councils in principle in 2013, and formally approved in 2014. At the same time the Building Construction Permit Application Form in each of the four municipalities was also updated. Prepared in consultation with the 4.2 # of by-law and building code municipalities. The Public Awareness implementation and enforcement action plans 0 4 4 Program, which was also part of this, prepared was also prepared jointly with the municipalities. 4.3 # of national building codes included in 7 0 12 16 municipal building bylaws 4.4 # of inspections of buildings under The requirement for three inspections during construction is included in the construction required to be carried out by 2 3 3 updated Building Permit Application form municipalities included in building bylaws of all the four municipalities. The Capacity Assessment Report successfully assisted the project 5.1 # of GIS capacity assessment reports team in understanding the GIS 8 0 1 1 completed capacity of each municipality which helped with the GMIS design and implementation strategies. LRRMS installed, 100% of Land 5.2 Land Registration Record Management Registration Records has been System (LRRMS) developed, installed and populated into the system to date. It is 0 4 4 100% of Land Registration Records has been expected that LRRMS will be begin to be populated into the system.9 used regularly shortly after the end of this TA. Dharan: TBD Dharan: 96 Dharan: 97 5.3 # of digital base maps produced in hard These maps also included one additional Janakpur: TBD Janakpur: 67 Janakpur: 67 and soft copy map for bylaws. Nepalgunj: TBD Nepalgunj: 57 Nepalgunj: 60
7Minimum 3 per municipality. The National Building Code is comprised of 23 codes. 8 Extensive work to improve the quality of existing tax databases must be undertaken by the municipalities. Needed improvements include adding house addresses, parcel identification numbers and implementation of Building Identification Numbers (BINs). This is a continuous process that likely cannot be accomplished during the project period. However, establishing the GMIS and helping the municipalities improve the data noted above while also working to establish these linkages between GMIS and tax data systems will be an ongoing effort by the SMUSDP team throughout the project. This being the case, “ready to be linked” can be interpreted as “establishment of G-MIS to link with improved tax databases”. 9 The GIS-based land parcel databases were replaced by LRRMS development with the formal approval of the ADB.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 7 Final Report – April 2014
INDICATORS BASELINE TARGETS Achievement Remarks Siddharthanagar: TBD Siddharthanagar:75 Siddharthanagar: 75 Survey data was installed in the 5.4 # of socio-economic surveys completed 0 4 4 corresponding municipal workstations provided by SMUSDP. 5.5 # of SES/GIS Database Documentation 0 4 4 Reports produced A Metric Addressing System for all four municipalities was created, which includes address zoning, street coding and naming (where names existed) and metric house numbers for all houses in each respective project municipality. 5.6 # of house and street addressing systems GIS-databases of streets in all four 1 (Dharan) 4 4 municipalities was also created and updated or created populated into the GMIS.
Three street signs and number plates for fifty houses were installed with the participation of the Executive Officer, IUDP project coordinator, municipality staff and civil society organizations. The GIS units in each of the project 5.7 # of GIS workstations procured and municipalities are equipped with GIS 0 4 4 delivered workstations and other accessories provided by the SMUSDP. GIS workstations that include software and other accessories have started 5.8 # of GIS workstations with functional G- printing maps and accessing data and 0 4 4 MIS maps. Dharan has already started testing and using customized GMIS through this infrastructure. Development of customized GMIS is 5.9 # of G-MIS with modules ready to be completed and populating data into system is ongoing. The installation of linked with property tax systems and real 0 4 4 customized GMIS and orientation on estate asset inventories GMIS has also been completed in all four municipalities.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 8 Final Report – April 2014
INDICATORS BASELINE TARGETS Achievement Remarks Dharan: 30%10 Dharan: 0 11 Dharan: 50% Janakpur: 10% 5.10 % of property taxpayer data linked with Janakpur: 0 10 Janakpur: 25% Nepalgunj: 10% 10 Nepalgunj: 0 Nepalgunj: 25% G-MIS Siddharthanagar: Siddharthanagar: 0 10 Siddharthanagar: 25% 10% GIS training plans prepared and implemented for on-the-job and 6.1 # of GIS training plans prepared 0 1 1 classroom training for all four municipalities. GIS Training Manual – 1 Street/house addressing manual – 4 SES Guidelines and Questionnaire set – 6.2 # of GIS operation manuals/guidelines 12 - 11 12 1 prepared LRRMS Manual – 1 GMIS User Manual – 4 GMIS implementation Guideline - 1 6.3 % of house and street addressing training 0 100% 100% program delivered 6.4 % of GIS training program implemented 0 100% 100% 6.5 # of GIS staff participants in training The total number of training participants 13 - 12/6 12/7 was 19. (12 participants from SMUSDP program (SMUSDP/ISMP) and 7 participants from ISMP). 6.6 % of training program participants Satisfied - 58% - 80% 89% satisfied or very satisfied with training quality Very Satisfied - 31% 6.7 # of refresher training and best practice 0 4 4 dissemination workshops conducted
10As in the ISMP municipalities, SMUSDP municipalities do not yet have sufficient location information in the existing taxation system to identify the exact location of houses and plots of land. For this reason they are not yet fulfilling the minimum requirements needed to be met in order to enable functioning linkages between existing tax database with GMIS. This being the case, extensive work to improve the quality of existing tax databases has to be undertaken by the municipalities. Needed improvements include adding house addresses, parcel identification numbers and implementation of Building Identification Numbers (BINs). This is a continuous process that likely cannot be accomplished during the project period. However, establishing the GMIS and helping the municipalities improve the data noted above while also working to establish these linkages between GMIS and tax data systems will be an ongoing effort by the SMUSDP team throughout the project. This being the case, “ready to be linked” can be interpreted as “establishment of G-MIS to link with improved tax databases”. 11 Dependent upon existing property records and data quality in current taxpayers’ information systems. 12 G-MIS user manuals: 4; Street/house addressing system user manuals: 4; GIS Training Manual: 1; SES Guidelines: 1; G-MIS Implementation Guidelines: 1 13 ISMP: Biratnagar, Birgunj and Butwal municipal staff.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 9 Final Report – April 2014
1.2 Improvement of Financial Management Systems (100)
10. The Comprehensive Financial Implementation Plan (CFMIP) approved by the Council of each of the four project municipalities contains the actions to be taken by the municipalities in improving each of the respective financial management systems. The SMUSDP team prepared a CFMIP implementation action plan to support the municipalities in their implementation with specific time frames according to their priorities. The number of TA activities was closely linked to the CFMIP implementation action plan. For this reason the review of the CFMIP implementation action plan was one of the main outputs of the TA team during the field visits and remotely from Kathmandu. A summary of the progress made in the implementation of the action plan in each municipality is provided in the table below.
Indicators Dharan Janakpur Nepalgunj Siddharthanagar Total Total Activities Planned in CFMIP 62 70 57 50 239 Completed Activities 23 19 20 25 87 % Completed to Planned Activities 37% 27% 35% 50% 36% Activities in Progress 25 21 18 13 77 % in Progress to Planned Activities 40% 30% 32% 26% 32% Activity Planned in Future14 7 10 10 9 36
11. An assessment of the revenue and accounting software was completed to assess the necessity of required software improvements. The assessment revealed that all municipalities were using the Shangrila software and they did not need considerable modification with the exception of improvements required to align the software for integrating GIS with the revenue system. 12. The TA team carried out a training needs assessment during the inception phase of the TA and a Capacity Development Plan for finance staff was prepared. The main focus of the CDP was to provide OJT to FM staff on the general financial management system and on the application of computer software. Three OJTs of five days each was delivered for software application with the assistance of a software expert from Shangrila and the TA team provided OJT on other financial management aspects, on a regular basis. During the OJT sessions, the municipalities listed out the issues and modifications that were necessary for the current software. Shangrila addressed most of the issues while others will require follow up after the completion of the TA. One structured classroom training session was original included in the Consultants work plan but considering the necessity of disseminating the training to all FM staff, four class room trainings were held. 13. One of the weaknesses of the FM system in all project municipalities was a weak internal audit system. Except in Dharan, there was no allocation of staff to carry out IA work on a regular basis. However, significant improvements have been made as Siddharthanagar has filled a permanent IA position and Janakpur and Nepalgunj have both made temporary in house staff arrangements. Furthermore, there have been improvements in the ability of each municipality to carry out their internal audit work efficiently and effectively as a result of the development of IA Guidelines by the SMUSDP team for each of the four municipalities. All four project municipalities have now prepared an IA Work Plan for FY 2013/14. The TA team
14 14From the 239 activities approved by Council in the CFMIP, these were activities that were either delayed or not ready for implementation. For example, the accrual accounting system cannot be implemented without the support of the ministry and integration of GIS with revenue billing of IPT to citizens.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 10 Final Report – April 2014
provided assistance in providing orientation in the use of IA Guidelines and in preparing the IA Work Plan. 14. Although there has been improvements in carrying out IA work in a more timely fashion, there remains work to be done in producing timely IA reports (every month), expanding the IA work in revenue, inventory and other relevant areas, improving the quality of IA work, and assigning permanent IA staff (Janakpur and Nepalgunj). 15. Enhancement of revenue was one of the main activities of the CFMIP. The municipalities did not have a specific plan to make the public aware about their responsibilities in paying taxes in time. The TA team prepared a Public Awareness Campaign document with recommendations to use FM, press, pamphlets, posters and holding workshops with stakeholders in order to make the public aware about their responsibility in paying taxes in a timely manner. This TA activity was piloted with the municipalities bearing 30% of the total costs and the TA funding the remaining 70%. The progress in implementing the PAC was successful; however it is recommended that the municipalities make adequate budgetary provision to carry out PAC as a regular program after the completion of this TA. 16. Another important aspect of revenue enhancement is to bring the tax payers in the tax net. The TA provided assistance in inputting property tax data in the property tax database. With the support of the TA, the team began to input hard copy property tax data that had previously not been entered into the data base. As a result of the TA assistance, data entry of property tax data was completed in all municipalities resulting in 20,958 property tax payers being added to the database.
1.3 Strengthening Urban Planning (200)
17. The existing Building Bylaws, planning approval processes including application forms of each municipality were assessed. It was noted that for more than a decade, most of the municipalities had not updated the Building Bylaws and land use and zoning maps were missing. Dharan had updated some clauses but the Bylaw still needed to be re-structured to be useful. Siddharthanagar had a separate land development Bylaw and in all cases definitions and Bylaw. Terminologies were limited and ambiguous. Except in Dharan, none of the other municipalities had implemented any aspects of the National Building Code (NBC), even though the national government had made it mandatory to do so. 18. In addressing this situation, consultative meetings and workshops were held with consultants, contractors, masons, municipal staff, Chamber of Commerce members, local leaders and civil society to receive comments and hear concerns with the current situation as well as receive input on proposed changes and amendments which resulted in the production of a newly amended Building and Planning Bylaw for each municipality. Some of the changes included separating the planning and building sections, removing or clarifying ambiguous terms adding illustrations to better explain certain provisions, the addition of new zoning provisions and classifications, and new zoning maps to complement the zoning text and to better manage growth. 19. For example, Floor Area Ratio (FAR) was introduced partially or fully in all four BPB’s in order to encourage appropriate and creative development. The value of FAR for different types of buildings and plots was assessed by considering current development trends and varying lots sizes available, particularly in the city centers. Ground coverage was revised in line with FAR and plot size. Zoning maps were prepared by considering available and recently approved Physical Development Plans and other land planning documents, existing and potential extensions of basic infrastructure, existing land use, and current development trends taking place in each municipality. Although new Land Use designations were introduced in some municipalities (e.g. Environmental Sensitive lands and Recreation Areas) were introduced, overall the new zoning provisions were simplified to ease implementation. Both an existing land use plan and zoning map were transferred to GMIS to facilitate
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 11 Final Report – April 2014
municipal updating of the plans. Set backs were defined according to the types of buildings for making building safer from the point of view of disaster mitigation and convenient movement of vehicles and people. Parking provisions were also introduced for special land uses and commercial buildings. The minimum widths of roads, minimum plot size and set back from rivers were also revised. Lastly, clarification of plinth level, (ground level) sun sheds and basements were added and a green building component was introduced. 20. The Building Permit Application Form as a tool for the implementation of the BPB and NBC was reviewed and revised. The application form was divided into two parts. The first part contains personal information and covers the application processing steps and the do’s and don’ts while constructing a building. Most importantly, the form contains a synopsis of the NBC, format of drawing submission etc. This part of the form is to be kept by the applicant as a record of the submission. The second part consists of required information to be submitted to the municipality including a checklist of minimum/basic information and papers that a designer and/or applicant is required to furnish. It is expected that the checklist will overcome the current delay in processing the application form due to the inappropriate or incomplete information formally submitted by applicants. Certain relevant components of the NBC viz. electrical, sanitary, architecture and structure were introduced in the application form. 21. Increased site inspections were recommended along with possible funding opportunities to help assure buildings were constructed in accordance to the plans submitted. More specifically, four level inspection trigger points were identified i.e. layout, plinth, and superstructure and construction completion. Also recommended was the issuance of a certificate after each inspection was made part of the application form to support later follow- up. Although most of the municipalities were concerned about their in-house capability to increase site inspections, due to lack of in-house man power and expertise, they all supported the concept. In response various options for raising funds to cover this increased cost were made including: raising the building application fee, requesting City Council at the next budget for additional staff, and even the possibility of outsourcing the inspections to consultants whose fees would be paid for by the applicants. 22. A public awareness plan was designed and partially implemented by all four project municipalities to help raise the public’s awareness of the changes and to increase their understanding of the need for better and safer buildings. Public awareness tools such as radio jingles, in association with municipal notices, were prepared to air on local FM stations. In addition, a video tool kit about the safe construction methods were obtained from DUDBC and UNDP to be shown on local television to further educate the public on the dangers and damage weak buildings can incur through earthquakes and other natural disasters. 23. In addition to these public directed initiatives, the public awareness materials need to be used when an applicant submits a permit request. It was recommended that the municipality require applicants to attend a visual demonstration in the municipality on a regular basis to ensure that a knowledge transfer has occurred. Furthermore, in-house capacity of technical staff in each municipality needs to be enhanced for effective checking of building compliance with the BPB regulations. Also recommended was the need for regular information sessions on the NBC to help building designers become more familiar with the NBC and which will make it easier to fill out the application form, particularly where it references the NBC provisions. Lastly it was recommended that the municipalities establish a regular review process to review and update Building and Planning Bylaws that also involves the public, to keep the bylaws relevant and sensitive to changing community demands/needs. 24. Regarding sustainability of the project’s results, during the last six weeks of the project, the national urban planning expert made multi-day trips to each of the four municipalities to ensure the new BPB bylaws were printed and available for distribution and were being used. He answered any remaining questions/concerns particularly regarding interpretations on the new zoning and building provisions such as FAR. He also helped ensure the new Building
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Permit Application Forms were being used on a daily basis along with the Building Application Check list. He was able to verify that both Siddharthanagar and Dharan were using both project documents in their daily land development activities. Nepalgunj still had a few remaining questions regarding his input and before he left, was promised the new forms would be placed on order and ready for implementation very shortly. As a result of concentrated efforts by the national urban planning expert to resolve all remaining concerns, Janakpur begun to print the new application forms and will be using them shortly. They have promised to order new Building Permit Application Forms in May.
1.4 GIS-based Mapping (300)
25. A GIS-based mapping capacity assessment was completed in all four SMUSDP municipalities early in the project’s first quarter. This assessment led to the preparation of specifications of computer hardware and software and other essential equipment each municipality required in order to implement G-MIS and GIS-based mapping. 26. The latest High Resolution Satellite Images were procured in order to create a new digital base map of Dharan and to update the existing base maps of Janakpur, Nepalgunj and Siddharthanagar. These GIS-based digital data, maps, and reports were produced in hardcopy and DVD format and delivered to each of the four project municipalities. Key outputs of these products include High Resolution Satellite Image; GIS-based Digital Database; hardcopy and print ready softcopy maps (a base map in AutoCAD format at the sheet level, an urban map at the ward & municipal level, and a utilities and land use map at the municipal level). 27. In addition, building by-law maps as delineated by our building by-laws and planning team for each of the four project municipalities were produced. 28. LRRMS, a computerized system that maintains attribute databases of land records as registered in the Land Registration Record Book was designed and developed in cooperation with all four project municipalities.15 This system was installed, tested and data entry work was completed with the support of Shangrila Micro-System Pvt. Ltd in all four project municipalities. All municipalities were equipped to use LRRMS and selected staff members from the revenue section in all four municipalities received OJT in order to fully operationalize the LRRMS system. 29. A socio-economic survey of all houses included in each of the four municipalities with reference to the newly created and updated GIS-based base maps was completed. A socio- economic database of all four municipalities along with picture of the buildings was created after the SMUSDP GIS team completed their quality control review. A copy of the socio- economic data set was then delivered to corresponding municipalities for their use and the for IUDP project. This data set is useful for building permit management; revenue management; social welfare and environmental management; drinking water and drainage management. In addition, all surveyed houses were geo-referenced which now allows them to be geographically located providing the municipality the opportunity of easily identifying properties for such item as payment of taxes, population numbers and characteristics, and support street numbering initiatives. 30. A survey questionnaire and survey guidelines were also produced during the completion of the socio-economic survey. The final set of socio-economic data and GMIS dataset, all of which was entered in the GMIS in each municipality, was delivered handed over to each municipality on a CD.
15 The original plan to create 25% of the cadastral databases for four municipalities was altered after extensive consultation with all municipalities, DUDBC and the ADB due to the value of incomplete database and lack of capacity at the municipal level to complete the digitization of the remaining 75% of cadastral data.
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31. Basic computer hardware and software required for operating GMIS was procured and installed in each municipality, which included computer hardware with an operating system along with large size plotter, ArcGIS software, backup device, antivirus software and accessories for printing maps. All municipal staff members responsible for operating GMIS and GIS received training by the SMUSDP team on how to the operate computer hardware, software and plotter. 32. A Metric Addressing System for all four municipalities was created, which includes address zoning, street coding and naming (where name exists) and metric house numbers for all houses in each respective project municipality. GIS-databases of streets in all four municipalities was also created and populated into GMIS. 33. Three street signs and number plates for fifty houses were installed with the participation of the Executive Officer, IUDP project coordinator, municipality staff and civil society organizations. 34. A Metric House Addressing manual was prepared for each individual municipality, which were also used during training provided by SMUSDP consultants. 35. An Action Plan for implementing the house and street addressing for each municipality was also developed in consultation with corresponding staff members during on-the-job training. 36. A customized GIS-based Municipal Information System (GMIS) was developed and GIS, socio-economic and tax data were populated into the system. The GMIS contains the following information management modules: building permit, house address, revenue for property tax, socio-economic and road network. The revenue information management module assists the revenue unit to link the existing taxation system in each municipality with GIS. A GMIS manual was also developed to guide users in operating GMIS. 37. The SMUSDP GIS team also completed enhancements to each of the municipalities existing taxation system in cooperation with the developer of the system. These enhancements were necessary to generate inventory of the buildings in the tax net with their tax status, to accept Building Identification Numbers (BIN) and metric house addresses populated into the GIS by the SMUSDP team, and to generate tax data that is compatible to integrate into the GMIS for linking tax data with GIS. 38. OJT was a significant focus of the SMUSDP staff over the duration of this TA to enhance municipal finance and urban service delivery through GMIS. Without proper training, municipal staff would not have had the necessary capacity to implement the newly developed systems and manuals. 39. Both classroom and OJT approaches were taken for capacity building training. OJT sessions were held for technical staff in each municipality on the following topics: (i) field verification of maps, assigning metric house number in the field and taking pictures of surveyed houses, (ii) disseminating Metric Addressing System to municipal staff members and key stakeholders (iii) assigning street names and house numbers and the installation of street signs and house number plates (iv) identifying BIN’s of corresponding houses in the tax database and updating the existing taxation system in each municipality to link GMIS with their taxation system (v) classroom training on the use of GIS and implementing GIS for urban service delivery and revenue enhancement to 16 staff from SMUSDP/ISMP municipalities, two staff members from DUDBC and one staff member from MOFALD. 40. Lastly, in order to promote sustainability of the successes achieved under this TA, the SMUSDP team conducted refresher training sessions in each municipality to recapture the information and lessons learned from previous training sessions during the project.
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IMPROVEMENT OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (100) 2.1 Activities Undertaken and Results Achieved
CFMIP Action Plan Development 41. A detailed CFMIP Implementation Action Plan was designed to provide the overall framework within which Component 100 activities have been carried out. Based on the information collected during the inception mission, information dissemination workshops and the CFMIP workshops were held in all four municipalities. Furthermore, based on the feedback received from the ADB on the draft CFMIP Action Plan, a revised CFMIP Action Plan with key issues linked to the TOR of the consultants was prepared.
42. The CFMIP Implementation Action Plans for each municipality details the support to be provided by the SMUSDP team, timeframes for their implementation, and progress made throughout the duration of the project. The action plans were prioritized into three tiers, red indicating highest priority and green lowest priority. The CFMIP action plan aimed to improve the existing financial management system in the areas outlined in Table 2 below.
Table 2 : Scope of CFMIP Implementation Action Plan A Improve software based accounting and the reporting system of expenditure, accounting of community contribution, settlement of age old advances and unclaimed old deposits, maintain bank guarantee records, and maintain program ledgers B Activities leading to an accrual accounting system C Steps essential to better budget administration D Activities leading to enhanced revenue collection via institutional support, public awareness campaign, and updated taxpayers’ data E Improving the internal audit function F The timely appointment of an external auditor G Improving the inventory and procurement function H Enhancing public private partnerships I A monitoring system for the CFMIP
43. The status of the CFMIP Action Plan is summarized in Table 3 below.
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Table 3: Status of CFMIP Action Plan Implementation to date Total # of Activities Activities Activities Planned in Planned in Planned at Future16 Activities Activities in Activities CFMIP Present Completed Progress
Accounting System 27 27 0 13 0 Accrual Accounting System 32 23 9 4 9 Budgeting 38 33 5 26 5 Revenue Collection 96 78 18 23 18 Internal Audit 14 14 0 8 0 External Audit 5 5 0 5 0 Inventory and Procurement 12 8 4 6 4 Public Private Partnership 11 11 0 2 0 Monitoring System of CFMIP 4 4 0 0 0 239 203 36 (15%) 87 (36%) 77 (32%)
44. A detailed description of the progress made in relation to the implementation of the CFMIP is highlighted in the respective activities given in the project work plan below.
110: Review R&E Accounting Systems & Propose Software Improvements 45. The revenue and expenditure accounting systems were reviewed during the inception period and first quarter of the project based on the review carried out during the earlier and related ISMP project (ADB TA 7355-NEP). Improvement in the financial management systems and capacities of the project’s participating municipalities was one of the most important components of this capacity development TA.
46. The financial management team visited all four municipalities to update earlier assessments and developed a Capacity Development Plan (CDP) based on these findings. The CDP was divided into two modules: 1) on the job training (OJT) and structured training (ST). Throughout the duration of the project, OJT was a continuous process. The SMUSDP team provided hands on support to municipal finance staff members in the field and remotely from Kathmandu. This component included support from Shangrila Microsystems in providing training on software application. ST was provided in all four municipalities to all financial management staff members.
47. As expected, the levels of computerization of accounting systems (revenues, expenditures and inventory) were found to be at different stages within each municipality. However, all four municipalities now use Shangrila accounting software systems for recording revenue, expenditures and inventory as shown in the table below.
Table 4: Levels of Computerization by Municipality SN Municipalities Expenditure Revenue Inventory
1 Dharan Full Implementation IPT, Cash Receipt, Full Implementation Business Tax 2 Janakpur Full Implementation HALT, Cash Receipt Delayed 3 Nepalgunj Full Implementation IPT, Cash Receipt Full Implementation 4 Siddharthanagar Full Implementation IPT, Cash Receipt, Partial Business Tax Implementation
16 From the 239 activities approved by Council in the CFMIP, these were activities that were either delayed or not ready for implementation. For example, the accrual accounting system cannot be implemented without the support of the ministry and integration of GIS with revenue billing of IPT to citizens.
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48. An assessment of the necessary improvements required for the current Shangrila accounting software was carried out with support from the team’s international MIS Specialist. The assessment revealed that the present software did not need considerable modification with the exception of improvements to align the software for integration between GIS and tax systems. It was recommended that most modifications should be carried out by the software’s developer with a strong emphasis placed on ensuring that staff members receive on the job training on the existing software.
49. Accordingly, an OJT plan for software application was developed and approved by the ADB. Three OJT sessions for software application were planned and delivered successfully.
120: Review & Suggest Improvements to Internal Audit Work Plan
50. During our team’s review of the audit function within each municipality, it was found that internal auditing practices were weak or non-existent in each of the four municipalities. Unfortunately the team learned that the audit function was commonly perceived to be an unproductive activity and its existence was often seen only necessary in order to meet legal requirements. Regardless, a review of the existing internal audit functions was carried out, and over the course of assessing the financial management systems, the importance of an IA activity was continuously highlighted to municipal management.
51. With the exception of Dharan, SMUSDP municipalities did not have internal audit staff in place when the project began. The success of the internal audit function in each municipality is dependent upon the placement of capable internal audit staff. The TA team provided continuous support to each of the municipalities (excluding Dharan) in order to hire the appropriate internal audit staff. Siddharthanagar has appointed a permanent IA officer level staff and remaining two municipalities have made in-house arrangements for carrying out internal audits on a regular basis.
52. A review of the existing internal audit work plans in each municipality was conducted. In the past, only Dharan had prepared an IA Work Plan. The SMUSDP team also prepared an IA Work Plan template, which can be used (with modifications) for preparing future IA Work Plans. The format of this template is provided in the IA Guidelines.
53. As a result of the TA team’s technical assistance and the delivery of orientation training on the contents of the IA work plan, its usefulness and the process in completing the work plan, the following achievements were attained during the project: All four municipalities have prepared an IA Work Plan for FY 2013/14. IA Work Plans have been approved by the EOs.
130: Assess Training Needs and Prepare Detailed Staff Capacity Development Plan 54. A training needs assessment was carried out during the inception stage. Based on these findings a detailed training needs assessment and Capacity Development Plan for finance staff was prepared. The CDP was divided into two modules: 1) OJT and 2) Structured class- room training, and the focus of each is detailed below: Specific training on the application of accounting, revenue and inventory software on the specific needs of each municipality; Specific training on the operation of new revenue software modules e.g. business tax module; OJT/coaching was aimed at carrying out day-to-day activities related to revenue, expenditure accounting, inventory management and internal audit throughout the project implementation period, both at the time of visiting the municipalities and remotely from Kathmandu; and ST was aimed at enhancing knowledge on general financial management systems including audits and computer software applications to all financial management staff.
55. The overall achievements against the overall objectives and expected outputs relating to the TA’s CDP are outlined below in Table 7.
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Table 5: Expected outputs and achievements of capacity development plan Expected Output of Capacity TA Achievements SN Development Plan Understanding the importance The importance of planning and preparing realistic budgets of planning and preparing was explained during the delivery OJT and in the structured realistic budgets class room training in all four municipalities. As a result of this training, the TA has achieved significant buy-in from 1 staff members across all four municipalities and now has a solid understanding of the benefits of preparing realistic budgets, which will improve the likelihood of sustainable results in this area. Preparing the budget with the A budget preparation module was prepared for each use of computers municipality and orientation training was given to all staff in 2 its application. Based on this training, municipalities are now using computers to prepare their budgets. Trained expenditure Training was provided on the use of expenditure accounting accounting staff in using the software during the delivery of OJT. As a result of this OJT, 3 expenditure accounting expenditure accounting software is now being effectively software utilized in all municipalities. Gradually phasing out the With the successful delivery of OJT on the use of manual expenditure accounting expenditure accounting software, expenditure accounting 4 system has now been fully computerized in all municipalities and the manual back-up has been phased out. Computerization of property Updating of property tax data is being carried out and the 5 tax database progress is satisfactory. Use of computer software for During the delivery of OJT, a demonstration of the use and recording business tax payers functions of business tax software was given to all project data base municipalities. The TA team has been working with all 6 municipalities to assist in the implementation of this system. As a result, Dharan and Siddharthanagar started using the system. Computerization of the process This output proved challenging as a result of the limited for recording vehicle tax payers ability to coordinate with external departments not part of into the database this TA. In order to achieve the expected result, a strong 7 commitment was required with the Transport Management Department within the Central Government. The TA team attempted this process with the Department but unfortunately little success was achieved. Trained staff for the The required inventory system software has been computerization of inventory successfully installed in all municipalities, with the exception accounting system of Janakpur. Staff members in each of the three municipalities were provided with extensive OJT once the 8 software was installed. As a result of the successful OJT, Dharan and Nepalgunj have started to use a full computer system. Siddharthanagar has made progress but is still using a partial computer system. Trained staff in carrying out Comprehensive OJT and ST were provided to internal audit 9 internal audit effectively and staff members in each municipality to assist them in efficiently carrying out internal audit effectively and efficiently. Submission of monthly internal As a result of the OJT and ST provided to staff members, all audit reports and annual report municipalities have submitted their annual report for FY at the end of the year 2012/13. Progress has been made in the submission of monthly IA reports. Dharan and Janakpur have submitted 10 their IA reports on a monthly basis for the 2013/14 fiscal year. However, in Nepalgunj and Siddharthanagar, only one monthly report has been submitted half way through the 2013/14 fiscal year. Understanding about the The CFMIP implementation action plan was prepared in importance of Comprehensive close coordination with the municipalities, which resulted in 11 Financial Management a strong understanding of its objectives and the efforts Improvement Plan (CFMIP) required to achieve the expected results. Implementation of CFMIP The CFMIP Implementation Action Plan was reviewed according to the time table during each field visit by TA experts as well as remotely 12 agreed and approved by the from Kathmandu. Overall, the implementation of the CFMIP municipal council Action Plan has been very successful.
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150: CFMIP Action Plan Finalization 56. The CFMIP workshops were held at in each municipality and the feedback received from the stakeholders participating in the workshop was used to finalize the CFMIP Action Plans for each municipality. These were subsequently revised to show only the key activities directly linked to the Consultant’s SMUSDP TORs. Since the consultants were required to review all action plan approved by the Council, the CFMIP Action Plans were revised to include all activities which were classified into three colour categories specified within the CFMIP. The red colour category indicates the highest priority activity followed by the yellow and green colour categories.
57. The draft CFMIP Action Plans were circulated to the respective municipalities for their feedback that resulted in revised CFMIP Action Plans that were also circulated to the municipalities for their comments and proposed revisions prior to their final drafts being approved by the ADB. The Action Plan led to the delivery of SMUSDP’s required outputs by Cowater’s team.
58. One of the action plans in the CFMIP is the introduction of an Accrual Accounting System (AAS). Implementation of the AAS is a legal requirement. All TA municipalities have made commitment to introduce an AAS. However, Butwal is the only municipality in Nepal which has adopted an AAS. The main problem in introducing an AAS is the availability of suitable software, training and support from the MoFALD. The MoFALD has taken the initiative to support the municipalities in introducing accrual accounting and as a result, an AAS accounting manual was prepared and software was developed in order to implement accrual accounting in the municipalities. Six municipalities have been selected to pilot the AAS and Dharan (IUDP) and Butwal (STIUEIP) are two of them. In the case of Dharan, the software team assisted the municipality in inputting expenditure data for FY 2011/12 and a set of financial statements was produced. Since then, the software has been installed and the municipality has been asked to enter data for FY 2013/14.
59. The main achievements made in the implementation of CFMIP Action Plans are listed below:
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Table 6: Achievements in the Implementation of CFMIP Areas Achievements in the Implementation of CFMIP Accounting Improvements made in the production of financial report to meet the requirements of LBFAR. Action taken in scrutinizing and setting old advances. Out of old advances of NRs 123.29 million, NRs 59.77 million has been settled. Improvements made in maintaining performance guarantee records and records of expenses incurred in main infrastructure costs. Budgeting Budget committees are formed in time and budgets are prepared in collaboration with ward offices and the stakeholders. Programs are prioritized on the basis of resources available. Budget is presented and approved by the Council six months prior to the start of new fiscal year. Revenue Improvements made in the outlay of revenue collection counters to make Collection it attractive and comfortable to the tax payers. Document for public awareness campaign prepared and the campaign started through the medium of FM jingle, press notice, fixing hoarding board, production of pamphlets. Entry of property tax data in the database to bring the tax payers in the tax net. Improvements made in collecting vehicle tax (Nepalgunj and Siddharthanagar). Efforts made in coordinating with the Chamber of Commerce and Industry in improving business tax collection. Business tax software introduced in Dharan and Siddharthanagar. Efforts made to introduce private sector in solid waste collection and introducing solid waste fees. Internal Audit Staff allocated in each municipality to carry out internal audit on a more regular basis. Internal audit work plan prepared for FY 2013/14. Efforts made in preparing monthly IA report as prescribed in the LBFAR. External Audit External audit completed in time. Records of audit report maintained. Inventory & Computerization of inventory records started (Dharan and Nepalgunj fully Procurement and Siddharthanagar partially). Preparation of procurement plan. Public Private Focal persons appointed in exploring the areas of PPP. Partnership Efforts made in identifying PPP programs. CFMIP Review The municipalities and TA team have been following up in the implementation of the CFMIP.
60. Progress made in the settlement of old advances is given in the table below.
Table 7: Advances Settled by Municipality SN Municipality Unsettled Advances Settled % of Advances Advances as of as of mid-July Settled July 2012 2013 NRs million NRs million 1 Dharan 41.71 24.73 59% 2 Janakpur 52.79 31.09 59% 3 Nepalgunj 27.06 3.24 12% 4 Siddharthanagar 1.73 0.71 41% Total 123.29 59.77 48%
61. In Dharan, the TA team recommended writing off old deposit payments collected from clients for building permits, work carried out in partnership with the municipality, and contractor’s deposits, although it is not mentioned in the CFMIP. Municipalities return such deposits if the
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 20 Final Report – April 2014
claim is made by the depositor within the specified time period. At the beginning of the project there were nearly 5,000 depositors and most of them were overdue. Legally they are not eligible to obtain a refund for these deposits. The TA team recommended writing off any deposit remaining unclaimed for more than five years. Based on this recommendation, the municipality has written off about 2,500 old depositors.
160: Preparation of Software Modules & Training Plans 62. The project consultants assessed the software being used by the FM sections and found that all project municipalities were using Shangrila software for accounting, revenue and inventory, which had sufficient features to address the present accounting and reporting requirements. The TA team observed several key outstanding issues, including insufficient training, inadequate support, and the non-existence of a support contract with the service provider. The project team realized that efforts should be made in enhancing the capacity of the FM staff in the use of the software application. Therefore, three separate five day OJTs were planned in all four project municipalities (15 days in each municipality).
161: Prepare ABIA Training Plans for the Use of Software 63. Based on the assessments of the financial management systems of the project municipalities and the status of using the computer system and discussions held with Shangrila, capacity development plans were prepared. The SMUSDP team and Shangrila came to the conclusion that except for software improvements required for linking the GIS database to the revenue or building permit section, very limited improvements in the software were required. The plans focused on using the existing software more effectively and efficiently and if possible, introducing software for keeping business tax, vehicle tax and rent tax records in the computer system.
64. CDP’s were presented to each municipality to obtain their feedback and approval. Based on the CDP, training plans outlining required classroom and on-the-job training was prepared under the leadership of SMUSDP’s MIS Expert working with the financial management team members. The training plan, which built on the content developed for the CDP, outlined the main contents of the plan based on the CDP developed by the team and was approved by the ADB in January 2013. The team developed the outline of the three OJT training plans with specific coverage of the subject matter, time allocation for each subject and identification of resource persons.
65. Based on the feedback received from the EOs and financial management staff, a three day structured classroom training course was organized in each municipality during August and September, 2013. Four financial management staff members from each of the Secondary Town Urban Environment Improvement Project (STIUEIP) municipalities were also invited to participate in the structured training session in the nearby municipality. Moreover, two FM staff members (one accounting and one revenue staff member) from the neighboring municipalities were invited to share their experiences.
162: Prepare ABIA Guidelines & Manuals 66. In the Inception Report, the SMUSDP team reported that it was unnecessary to prepare Accounting and Budgeting Guidelines for the municipalities in order to carry out their duties effectively and efficiently. The existing Act and Regulations clearly provided the procedures for maintaining accounting records and following up the budgeting procedures.
67. Budgeting: The Consultant’s TORs required the team to develop a guideline or manuals for budgeting; however, based on the TA team’s preliminary assessment, existing regulations and the prescribed guidelines were sufficient for preparing budgets. Instead, the Consultant proposed to carry out a detailed review of the budget preparation process and their compliance with regulations over the course of the project. It was also proposed that an excel spreadsheet would be developed for the preparation of budgets based on this review
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along with guidelines for its use. Based on this proposal, a budget preparation module in excel format was developed by our MIS expert. The budgeting module and guidelines prepared by SMUSDP were tested during field visits, as a part of the SMUSDP’s financial management OJT. The FM staff were interested in the module but the adoption of the new format has been slow due to their familiarity with old habits in using excel.
68. Internal Audit: The project team developed guidelines for executing internal audits based on best practices. These guidelines were drafted in English and later translated into Nepali after the approval of the ADB and the municipality. The IA guidelines also contained a draft template for preparing the Internal Audit Work Plan (IAWP). The detailed IA Guidelines will be included as a copy to the CD accompanying the Final Report.
69. When the project team initially visited the project municipalities, except for Dharan, it was discovered that internal auditors were not staffed. Since then, permanent IA office level staff has been appointed in Siddharthanagar municipality. In the case of Janakpur and Nepalgunj, in house staff members have been assigned for this purpose. The IA Guidelines are being followed in performing internal audit in all four TA municipalities. One of the key tasks of the TA team was to follow up on the use of IA guidelines during field visits and remotely from the TA office in Kathmandu.
163: Provide R&E Accounting Software Modules and Implement Improvements 70. During the inception phase of the project, the team identified some preliminary deficiencies in the expenditure and revenue accounting capabilities in the Shangrila software and identified associated potential upgrades. Moreover, a number of features of the Shangrila software were not fully utilized. This was due to shortcomings relating to the municipalities and Shangrila. Before Shangrila was implemented in each municipality, they were not able to convince the municipalities the need for back up support from Shangrila and the importance of placing a high priority on capacity development of its staff. Since the intervention of the TA consultants, all project municipalities have signed service agreement with the Shangrila to have that support.
71. Discussions were held with Shangrila regarding the features of the software being used by the municipalities and what could be done to improve upon them. It was determined that the effective implementation of the existing software was more important than making improvements, especially since most municipalities were not yet using existing software capabilities to their full extent. Accordingly, to address this situation, three OJT sessions were successfully delivered to project municipalities.
72. The gratuity module, for calculating total liability on account of staff gratuity, was tested with live data and the results were positive, indicating that the module was functioning properly. The municipalities realized the ease of estimating the staff gratuity liability and can now update the total liability for gratuity on any particular date for all staff.
73. Feedback received from the first batch of OJT relating to the need for software improvements by Shangrila Micro System (SMS) was tested during the second round of OJT. We observed that most of the issues raised in the software application programme in the first OJT were successfully addressed. Discussions were held with SMS regarding the status of the pending improvements to be made in the software application based on the feedback and suggestions received from the first two rounds of OJT. The software improvements suggested during the two completed OJTs were reviewed and further refined during the delivery of the third OJT session.
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74. Key achievements in the preparation of software modules and training plans are listed below. Prepared a CDP for financial management staff of the four project municipalities. Three five days OJT sessions one structured training session was delivered in each municipality. Prepared Internal Audit Guidelines in English and translated into Nepali. Prepared budget preparation module in excel format. Prepared staff gratuity calculation module to calculate the total gratuity due to staff on any particular date. The following improvements were attained relating to the Shangrila software:
Table 8: Results of Improvements to Shangrila Software Improvements made Results of Improvement Accounting Developed report formats to meet the Timely compliance of the requirements of Resource Mobilization guidelines issued by the ministry Guidelines of the Ministry to capture information under various sources of expenditure
Tracking of advances and deposits as per Easy to find out the age of the transaction dates deposits and advances
Added income tax calculation in the salary Time saved in the calculation of sheet. staff income tax
Insertion of option in the voucher to find out Improved management expense for each ward. information Revenue Field created for entering Building Insertion of BIN to identify Identification Number (BIN) and road buildings codes
Improvements made in reporting format of Production of more readable revenue report
Insertion of dashboard for display of major Easy reference of revenue summary information of tax events and information data
Modification in printing business tax Instant printing of tax certificates certificate Inventory Insertion of sorting feature to identity issue Easy verification of items issued of inventory to each staff to each staff
Insertion of sorting feature by purchase Easy tracking of purchase order of each item and their rates orders and rates
170: Training Program Implementation 75. A training program with a combination of OJT and ST training was developed. The training plan was also linked with SMUSDP’s CPD. The OJT training was delivered continuously to each municipality over the course of the TA for municipal staff on ABIA. These training sessions were led by Cowater’s own SMUSDP team members and included Shangrila resources to provide training on software applications.
76. The computerization of expenditure accounting was reintroduced in Nepalgunj and the use of Shangrila software resumed after the first batch of OJT was completed. Improvements in the printing of vouchers, cheques and reporting requirements were achieved during the OJT.
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Some modifications were made by Shangrila in software package based on the inputs received from the users during the delivery of the OJT.
77. Integrated Property Tax (IPT) or house and land tax software is in use in all the project municipalities. During the delivery of the OJT, the prominent features of the software were explained to the software users and they were trained in the production of various reports. In all four project municipalities, revenue staff members were given a demo on the use of business tax software. Dharan and Siddharthanagar started using business tax software.
78. In the case of inventory accounting, all municipalities were using manual records at the start of TA. However, after the completion of the OJT, Dharan and Nepalgunj started using a computerized inventory system. Siddharthanagar started partially using computerized system (purchase order and goods receipts). Janakpur inventory staff members need further training before they begin using the system.
79. The first OJT was successfully delivered. The second OJT was strictly limited to those participants who were continuing in their respective FM positions, which resulted in a smaller number of participants. Each participant attending this OJT was given a questionnaire to be completed after the training to assess the quality and effectiveness of the OJT received. The rating categories in the questionnaire were divided into three categories i.e. (i) excellent (ii) good, and (iii) fair. The aggregate scores of the feedback received from the OJT participants are detailed below.
Table 9: Aggregate Assessment of On the Job Training Municipality Participant Ratings of Training by Category of Staff Total
OJT1/OJT2/OJT3 Excellent Good Fair Dharan 33 8 3 44 % 75% 18% 7% 100% Janakpur 16 12 7 35 % 46% 34% 20% 100% Nepalgunj 18 16 4 38 % 47% 42% 11% 100% Siddharthanagar 26 18 0 44 % 59% 41% 0% 100% Grand Total 93 54 14 161 % 57% 34% 9% 100%
80. ST was conducted in each municipality. Training program beneficiaries included staff members and the heads of accounts, revenue, internal audit and inventory sections of SMUSDP’s project municipalities, along with Biratnagar, Birgunj and Butwal (BBB, previous ISMP municipalities). Ward secretaries from some of the municipalities were also invited to participate. All training modules included existing Acts, regulations, manuals and guidelines complemented by those developed under activity 162 to the extent possible. The section chief of accounting and revenue, including the accounting and revenue chiefs neighboring municipalities participated as panel experts. The aggregate scores of the feedback received from the participants are detailed below.
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Table 10: Assessment of Structured Training Municipality Number of Participants’ Ratings of Training Programme Participants Excellent % Good % Fair % Dharan 24 58% 42% 0% Janakpur 20 56% 44% 0% Nepalgunj 31 60% 40% 0% Siddharthanagar 23 48% 52% 0% Overall 98 56% 44% 0%
81. The key achievements relating to the implementation of the training programme are listed below.
Two five day OJT sessions in each municipality were delivered to all FM staff. OJT focused on accounting, revenue and inventory software. One three day class room training session in each municipality was held for FM staff of SMUSDP and STIUEIP. The subject matter for each of the courses included: accounting, budgeting, revenue enhancement, compliance of ADB’s accounting and audit requirements, review of MCPM results, internal audit and refresher training in the application of software. TA team members provided OJT to FM staff on issues related to the financial management system during their field visit and remotely from Kathmandu. OJT on the application of software was focused on providing information about the features of the software and to train municipal staff in using the software properly. Some of the notable achievements of OJT on the application of this software is described below:
Table 11: OJT Benefits and Achievements Achievements Benefits Accounting: Expenditure accounting application Timely maintenance of reintroduced in Nepalgunj. accounts. Preparation of vouchers and cheques by Time saving computer (Janakpur and Nepalgunj) Procedure in compiling expenditures for Better management information each major activity Use of software in preparing payroll Time saving in preparing payroll (Janakpur and Nepalgunj) Recording of IUDP expenditures in the Separate accounts of IUDP accounting system. maintained Revenue: Use of computer in recording other income Better service to the customer (Janakpur) and staff time saving Use of new HALT software (Janakpur) Use of improved software Fixing of revenue heads with budget heads Improvement in management information and recording of revenue Provided demo of business tax software Dissemination of knowledge about business tax software Inventory: Dharan and Nepalgunj: Full implementation Time saving and better of the software management information Siddharthanagar: Partial implementation of Staff encouraged to use the software software
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180: Internal Audit Capacity Building 82. At the beginning of SMUSDP’s implementation, only Dharan had an Internal Audit Unit in place. However, throughout the course of the project all the three remaining municipalities have made in house arrangements for undertaking internal audits.
83. Internal audit capacity building activities have been carried out through a combination of OJT and ST. To better support the IA staff and to assist them in preparing work plans, a work plan template was developed by the TA and presented to all four municipalities to obtain their feedback. During field visits the project consultants conducted a number of activities, including: providing assistance to the IA staff in preparing or improving the IA work plan; reviewing IA reports prepared by the internal audit staff; and conducting OJT to IA staff by exhibiting procedures and formats to be used based on IA Guidelines. In addition to the frequent field visits, the TA team also monitored the internal audit function in each municipality remotely from Kathmandu. Orientation sessions were also provided focusing on the importance of carrying out internal audits each month.
84. The TA team observed that the internal audit staff members in all municipalities are following the procedures and the formats provided in the IA guidelines, which was helpful in managing the internal audit work.
85. Regarding the quality and completeness of IA, the municipalities are at different stages. Municipalities are required to follow the guidelines issued by MoFALD as per Schedule 74 in the Local Body Financial Administration Regulation format and cover audits of income, expenditure and deposit accounts. Dharan and Siddharthanagar’s IA reports are comprehensive follow these guidelines. However, Janakpur and Nepalgunj, have been limited to producing IA reports only covering expenditure accounts. This is mainly due to the lack of staff and priority being given to expenditure accounting. As a result, there is plenty of room for improvement of the IA system to meet the required guidelines and standards. Implementation of the guidelines and standards cannot be expected until permanent internal audit staff members are in place.
181: Assist with Preparation of the First Annual Internal Audit Reports 86. The TA team assisted each municipality’s IA unit with the preparation of their first annual internal audit reports in line with the procedures defined in the IA guidelines developed by the TA team. The consultants followed up and supported the project municipalities in the production of the annual IA report. All project municipalities have successfully completed the annual IA report for FY 2012/13.
182: Prepare Monthly Internal Audit Reports 87. The TA team monitored and supported the IA staff to ensure that progress was made in submitting monthly IA reports in all four municipalities. The status of the submission of IA reports for FY 2013/14 and the ongoing issues relating to this process are outlined in Table 12.
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Table 12: Submission of IA Reports by Municipality17 SN Municipalities IA Report Status Issues FY 2013/14 1 Dharan Mid December None 2013 - Five reports prepared 2 Janakpur Mid December - IA staff does not have adequate working space. 2013 - - The IA function is staffed by a non-officer, and the Five reports work performed is currently limited to auditing prepared expenditures. 3 Nepalgunj Mid November - The IA work was outsourced to the district 2013 - treasury staff. Beginning FY 2013/14, an in–house One report staff member has been assigned to take over the IA prepared function. 4 Siddharthanagar Mid November - A permanent staff member has been recently 2013 - appointed. One report prepared
88. The key achievements relating to internal audit capacity development are listed below.
Provided orientation in the application of IA guidelines. Reviewed the IA report and provided guidance in improving the scope and content of the IA report. Provided assistance in the preparation of first internal audit report for FY 2012/13. Provided assistance in the preparation of monthly IA report. Improvements made in producing monthly IA report in FY 2013/14 in Dharan and Janakpur, however progress has been slower in Nepalgunj and Siddharthanagar.
190: Increasing Municipal Internal Revenues through Property Tax Net Extension 89. As identified by Cowater’s team during the implementation of ISMP, uncollected municipal taxes are a key driver of low levels of own source revenues. Therefore, this activity focused on delivering one of the project’s most significant intended outputs: the extension of the property tax net in each municipality. To this end, Cowater’s team supported municipal efforts to register outstanding property taxpayers in existing tax databases through activities 191 to 193 detailed below.
191: Public Awareness Campaign on Municipal Taxes 90. Cowater’s team developed public awareness campaign plans for each municipality. These included campaign objectives and rationale, targeted populations, detailed action plans inclusive of event schedules, and a campaign monitoring and evaluation methodology. The Public Awareness Campaign (PAC) also included a workshop bringing together influential community leaders, tax officials and citizens; information dissemination via FM radio, newspapers; and designing and disseminating effective pamphlets illustrating the municipal services that would be improved should tax payments increase.
17 The TA design and monitoring framework (DMF) has “monthly internal audit report produced by 2014 according to guidelines issued by MoFALD and LBFAR.”At the beginning of the TA, IA audit reports were only produced annually. In FY 2012/13, the TA team’s emphasis was to mobilize the IA staff and produce timely reports. All municipalities did produce IA reports more regularly with the exception of Nepalgunj and Siddharthanagar. With these accomplishments, the next step was to aim for producing the IA reports on a monthly basis, in line with the DMF. With the exception of Nepalgunj and Siddharthanagar, municipalities continued to produce more regular reports. With staffing needs being filled, in particular with Siddharthanagar, we believe that this goal is attainable and that municipalities should continue to strive to meet this legal requirement.
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91. The ADB approved the report on the PAC and the proposed budget associated with these activities with a 70/30 funding arrangement between the ADB and each municipality. As planned, each municipality performed various PAC activities during the period between June 2013 and February 2014.
192: Tax Registration Campaign 92. Building on activity 191, Cowater’s team provided logistical support with data entry and assistance to municipalities in drafting public announcements suitable for FM radio and to a lesser extent print (e.g. posters and leaflets) outlining how residents can register with municipal tax authorities and the benefits of doing so. The TA team assisted in designing the jingle for FM broadcasts and provided sample designs for preparing newspaper notices and an outline for pamphlets.
193: Assist Municipal staff in inputting Property Taxpayer database 93. The status of house and land data needed for updating property records was investigated in each municipality. The property tax data entry plan was prepared and data entry work began in June 2013. All four municipalities completed data entry of pending files kept in the manual system. The main purpose for updating the data entry work was to have current property tax data available in each municipality. Once the available data is up to date, management will have accurate available data and the status of tax realization. The process of extending the taxpayer database will continue by incorporating data from those taxpayers who are not currently in the tax net. It is also expected that the PAC will influence and encourage taxpayers to pay their tax liabilities in a timely manner.
94. The details of house, land tax data, and land parcel data are detailed in Table 13 below. In the case of house data and land data recorded in the present Integrated Property Tax (IPT) or House and Land Tax (HALT) software, 80% of property data is targeted for updating. Property data refers to houses and land parcels within the building.
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Table 13: House and Land Parcel Data
Building and Land Parcel Data 2 = 1 * 1 0.8 3 4 5 = 1- 3 Total Data Data Data Not Data Buildings Entry Entry Recorde Recorded Municipalit Building/Land and Land Target with TA d in Tax in Tax Net y Parcel Parcels 80%18 Support Net19
A Building 24,74720 19,798 19,10921 5,63822
B 23 24 25 Land Parcel 63,547 50,838 48,232 15,315
C Taxpayers Data 30,91026 4,99627 Average Land Dharan Parcel/Tax D Payer28 1.6 Estimated No. of Taxpayers/Land E Parcel Data29 40,725 Estimated No. of Taxpayers not in F Tax Net 9,81530
A Building 25,479 20,383 8,696 16,783 Land Parcel B 17,486 13,989 8,213 9,273
C Taxpayers Data 6,243 3,887 Average Land D Janakpur Parcel/Tax Payer 1.3 Estimated No. of Taxpayers/Land E Parcel Data 13,292 Estimated No. of Taxpayers not in F Tax Net 7,049 Nepalgunj Building A 17,426 8,120 9,306
18 80% target set at the start of the TA to bring total number of buildings in the tax net. 19 This relates to the total number of buildings and/or land parcels outside the tax net. 20 This is the actual number of buildings according to the Socio Economic Survey completed under this TA. The number of buildings also includes non taxable buildings, including, temples, government offices etc. 21 This figure relates to the total number of buildings included in the tax net. 22 B5=B1-B3. This figure represents the total number of buildings outside the tax net. 23 This is the actual number of land parcels recorded according to the latest land parcel data received from the Land Revenue Office and entered in the Land Registration Record Management System (LRRMS) developed by the TA. The number of land parcels also includes non taxable land parcels, including, temples, government offices, etc. 24 This figure relates to the total number of land parcels included in the tax net. 25 B5=B1-B3. This figure represents the total number of land parcels outside the tax net. 26 This is the total number of actual taxpayers included in the tax net. In the case of the Integrated Property Tax, properties include buildings with land parcels as well as vacant land parcels. However, for the House and Land tax, vacant land parcels are not included in the property tax net. (Janakpur is the only municipality that the uses House and Land Tax). 27 This number represents the total portion of buildings and land parcels listed in C3 that was entered into the tax net with the assistance of the TA. Most of the data entered is related to taxpayers who had not paid their taxes and with records that were filed as a hard copy . With the assistance of the TA, the data for these taxpayers have now been entered into the system. 28 D3=B3/C3. This figure relates to the average number of land parcels per taxpayer included in the tax net. This ratio has been used to estimate the total number of tax payers in column E. 29 E3=B1/D3. This figure relates to the estimated total number of taxpayers based on the average number of land parcels per taxpayer. 30 F3=E3-C3. This figure relates to the estimated number of taxpayers not in the taxnet.
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13,941 Land Parcel B 51,446 41,157 30,698 20,748 Taxpayers Data C 19,338 5,819 Average Land D Parcel/Tax Payer 1.6 Estimated No. of Taxpayers/Land E Parcel Data 32,408 Estimated No. of Taxpayers not in F Tax Net 13,070
A Building 13,832 11,066 8,861 4,971
B Land Parcel 51,158 40,926 36,833 14,325
C Taxpayers Data 17,689 6,256 Siddhartha Average Land D nagar Parcel/Tax Payer 2.1 Estimated No. of Taxpayers/Land E Parcel Data 24,569 Estimated No. of Taxpayers not in F Tax Net 6,880 Building A 81,484 65,187 44,786 36,698 Land Parcel B 183,637 146,910 123.976 59,661 Taxpayers Data C 74,18031 20,95832 Average Land Total D Parcel/Tax Payer 1.7 Estimated No. of Taxpayers/Land E Parcel Data 109,878 Estimated No. of Taxpayers not in F Tax Net 35,698
95. In the table above, recent building data produced by socio economic survey carried by the TA has been substituted for the data provided by the municipalities during the inception phase of the TA (Dharan 22,000, Janakpur 19,000, Nepalgunj and Siddharthanagar 12,000).
96. In Janakpur, estimated land parcel data is only for two wards and rest of them are under Guthi land and the records are kept by the Guthi. There are a number of houses which have been constructed with the approval of the temple authority (Mahant) but they don’t have legal authority, such as buildings owned by the Guthi, illegally constructed buildings, buildings located on Guthi land, etc. However, the most recent information provided by the municipality regarding the houses which will attract HALT is estimated to be substantially lower at around 15,000 (60% of buildings).
31 68% of all taxpayers across the four project municipalties are included in the tax net. 32 28% of taxpayers included in tax net are as a direct result from efforts made by the TA team.
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97. Table 13 shows that estimated taxpayers that are not in the tax net based on the estimated taxpayers per land parcel are: Dharan 4,441, Nepalgunj 9,009, Siddharthanagar 5,363, and Janakpur 1,449. However, Janakpur is an exception as land parcel cannot be an indicative data as a substantial percentage of the land parcels are under the Guthi land.
98. During the delivery of the TA project, an improvement was also achieved in the collection of own source revenue within each of the four project municipalities. The increase achieved in FY 2012/13 can be attributed to a number of factors including: efforts made by the EO and municipal staff; support of political parties; the Chamber of Commerce and local administration; and continuous follow up and support from the TA team. It cannot be expected that the expansion of the property tax net would have a direct impact in raising additional revenues in each of the municipalities. However, it will contribute to an increase in revenue provided the municipality uses GMIS effectively and provides adequate follow up with the property taxpayers in paying outstanding balances. A review of the current data relating to own source revenue in each of the four project municipalities shows that there is an increasing trend (except Janakpur) as shown in the table below. The data shows that Nepalgunj has been able to increase own source revenue by 12%, followed by Dharan with 10% and Siddharthanagar with 7%.
Table 14: Increase in the Own Source Revenue Amount in NRs million Own Source Revenue (OSR) FY 13-14 FY Increase Municipality IPT Business Recom Buildin Others Actual Annual 12-13 to % HALT Tax Fee g (based Estimate FY 12-13 Permit on 9 Actua OSR months) l 33 Dharan 7.67 4.50 3.39 6.45 11.20 33.21 44.28 40.42 3.86 10% Janakpur 4.55 0.70 1.43 5.73 4.76 17.17 22.89 24.35 (1.46) -6% Nepalgunj 10.96 1.36 1.35 3.63 8.39 25.69 34.25 30.60 3.65 12% Siddharthanag ar 13.48 1.86 2.41 6.91 11.24 35.90 47.87 44.83 3.04 7%
99. The key TA deliverables contributing to the increase in internal revenue of the municipalities are listed below. Submission of a Public Awareness Campaign document for increasing internal revenue of the municipalities. Developed public announcements, including an FM jingle, press notice samples and pamphlets. Workshop for project stakeholders in Dharan, Janakpur and Nepalgunj. Due to the EO being unavailable, an internal workshop was held in Siddharthanagar. The main purpose of the workshop was to convey to stakeholders the importance of increasing the internal revenue of their respective municipalities. The rationale for this approach is that with a greater understanding of the potential benefits relating to an increase in taxes, there will be less resistance from citizens. Provided assistance in inputting property tax data in the property tax database. All four municipalities have entered available manual records in the database. Progress has been made by all project municipalities in increasing internal revenue. Compared to the internal revenue of the municipalities during the PPTA in FY 2009/10, revenue has increased in FY 2012/13. (Dharan 51%, Janakpur 55%, Nepalgunj 80%, and Siddharthanagar 49%)
33 Most taxpayers pay their taxes towards the end of the year. Therefore, the annual estimate takes this into consideration.
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STRENGTHENING URBAN PLANNING (200) 3.1 Activities Undertaken and Results Achieved
100. Managing growth and ensuring the construction of safe buildings is an important municipal responsibility best achieved through the application of local building and planning regulations. It is therefore essential that current development legislation and regulations be in place to effectively guide the demands of growth, help ensure the construction of safe buildings, and minimize the negative impacts of change. These NBC standards were designed to apply across the country, and it was decided the most effective means to implement them was to have each local government jurisdiction adopt these standards into their local building bylaws and applied when building application requests were made. Unfortunately all BPB’s were seriously outdated and in most cases not being used effectively. Furthermore, the planning provisions in these bylaws were equally out of date. Considering the fact that the main IUPD infrastructure project investments will likely have on future land development in each municipality, it was mutually agreed by all parties that additional time would be spent on the planning and land use provisions (including zoning maps) of each BPB as well as the building requirements. Furthermore, the main concern of accommodating the NBC would be captured in the Building Application form thereby improving the complete land development controls of each municipality.
101. Initially it was intended that this component would tie into the DUDBC’s National Building Code (NBC) decentralization program where over the past ten years the National government has been working to include many of the most relevant NBC earthquake safety standards into local building bylaws.
210: Review Existing Building Bylaws and Codes and Propose Amendments 102. A thorough assessment of each municipality’s building regulations and building permit processes undertaken during the inception phase (summary of results included in Table 15 below) revealed that all municipal building bylaws were quite dated and most had not been substantially changed since the mid-nineties.
Table 15: Summary of Building Code/Bylaw Assessment (April 2012) Criteria Dharan Siddharthanagar Nepalgunj Janakpur Interest in including NBC in local High, with Medium Medium Low bylaw conditions Support to amend Building Bylaw High High Medium Medium Staff trained on National Building High Medium High Low Code Active Town Development High Low Medium Low Committee Close cooperation between High Medium High Medium Chamber of Commerce and Municipality Active Building Design High Low Low High Professionals Interest of Masons/contractors in High Low High High NBC training Public awareness of need for High Low Low Low NBC provisions Support for Public awareness High High High High campaign Active Political representatives Medium Low Medium High Implementation of Land Use Plan High Low Low Low
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103. Meetings and workshops were held in each municipality to review each existing Building Bylaw (BB) and building permit process to determine the necessary changes required to make them current and more effective in dealing with building construction issues. This resulted in the completion of new draft BB’s for each municipality which were necessary to ensure that each municipal BB was as current and relevant as possible prior to the addition of any NBC standards.
Building Bylaws 104. Although commonly referred to as BB’s, each municipality more accurately and legally refers to them as Building and Planning Bylaws (BPB). These bylaws contained a mixture of planning provisions and building requirements to regulate development in each jurisdiction. Through the draft BB consultation process, the question of also amending the planning regulations was raised, for the purpose of bringing both parts of the BPB up to date and thereby making the whole document more current, relevant and consistent.
105. This question was also raised with DUDBC and ADB and it was collectively agreed that the planning and land use provisions were an integral and important component to this project and nicely complemented the infrastructure investments of the complimentary IUDP project. All parties agreed that each municipal BPB be reviewed to bring the complete bylaw up to date and into compliance with other municipal objectives (e.g., those contained in previously approved land use/infrastructure planning documents such as Periodic Plans and long term Physical Development Plans). Complementing this activity were specific discussions with each municipality over ways to include the following depending upon the preference of each municipality: an appropriate Land Use Plan (Map) to be attached to each BPB that shows existing and proposed future land uses; the integration of a road network hierarchy into each Land Use Plan to support and complement the existing ROW setback requirements; the identification and development of specific planning regulatory tools such as FAR and building setbacks in support of municipal land development and re-development objectives.
106. Following extensive discussions with municipal staff and numerous stakeholders in the community, new draft BPBs were prepared and submitted to the municipal focal points for distribution and consideration. All project municipalities provided comments/ suggestions on each of their respective bylaws. This resulted in follow-up visits to all four municipalities by the local and international urban planning consultants to review each municipality’s comments and, where necessary, explain in more detail the key aspects of each bylaw.
107. Extensive comments were also received from the ADB and DUDBC on all of the draft BPB requiring changes and minor amendments. This input was reviewed with each municipality and DUDBC prior to inclusion into the final draft bylaws.
108. Existing zoning maps were not available at any of the municipalities. We therefore suggested and received support from each municipality that our national urban planning expert would with their input, prepare new ones. Initially, rudimentary maps were created based on detailed discussions and input from municipal staff and that information was transferred to an Auto-Cad format. These draft digital maps were then reviewed by each municipality to ensure the map details accurately reflected their input. Revisions and minor adjustments were made and again submitted to the municipalities for review and approval.
109. Digital base maps were also completed as part of Component 300 and augmented by the socio economic survey information and eventually entered into the GMIS system. When the maps from this system were compared to the Auto Cad maps, it was quickly realized that the zoning maps had to be revised to be better aligned to the GMIS information. This was
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achieved by converting/adding the zoning maps to the GMIS system as an additional layer. In this way, all land use related information would be captured in the same format and within the same database. This approach also allowed the zoning maps to be accurately aligned with the existing land use maps to provide municipalities with a more interactive and complete land use solution. The newly formatted zoning maps were finalized and reviewed/amended/approved by DUDBC and the municipalities prior to insertion into the BPB final document.
110. The draft BPB’s were formally approved by each Municipal Council with the understanding that they would be presented to stakeholders and the general public through meetings and public workshops prior to implementation. In addition, ongoing discussions also occurred between municipal planning staff and the TA Urban Planning experts over BPB details and interpretations leading to further bylaw refinements and a better understanding by municipal staff of bylaw objectives prior to engaging the public. The approval of the BPB’s in all four project municipalities (with the approval minutes in Dharan translated into English) is included in Annex B and will be provided on the CD accompanying this report.
National Building Code (NBC) 111. Initial consideration was given to including the National Building Code provisions into the local BPB. Through extensive discussions with each municipality’s EO and senior building staff, it was concluded that adding all 23 volumes or even portions of them would only complicate the bylaw and make that document unnecessarily complex and intimidating to the general public. Instead, it was decided that a better approach would be to use the Building Permit Application Form (BPAF) to include all relevant NBC provisions. Although some project municipalities had already incorporated certain aspects of the Code into their current application forms, there had been very limited application of these requirements. The proposed approach was generally accepted by each municipality subject to them: receiving additional information on how that might be presented; having further discussions on implementation logistics amongst all building permit staff; viewing a proposed draft form; and hearing from stakeholders and the general public.
112. It was also agreed with all the four municipalities to break the application form in two separate parts. The first part would include the important aspects of the BPB that are to be followed by all parties and the second part would have different forms and information required for the formal submission process. The first part would remain with the applicants to help provide a better understanding of the new requirements and the overall process and use of the BPB, and be a reference for tracking their application. After considerable back and forth between the municipalities, DUDBC and the national urban planner, a standard application form was created and accepted for implementation by all four municipalities. Unfortunately activating the new forms in the fall of 2013 was delayed by festivals, new national holidays, and mass national election participation by most government employees. However all municipalities agreed that following the public workshops planned for December, they would start using the new forms and NBC provisions as part of their normal daily activities.
113. For most municipalities, the old building permit application forms are quite detailed and will become increasingly more so when the NBC provisions have been added, although separating the form into two parts should simplify the public’s understanding of how it will be used.
114. One existing frustration frequently heard was the return of applications submitted due to inaccurate or missing information. Applicants were not told or made aware of their application’s deficiencies, resulting in multiple submissions, causing unnecessary delays, and increasing frustration levels by the applicants. In response to this concern, a Building Permit Compliance Check List was prepared and introduced for consideration and formal
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input by municipal staff was received. Since then this list has been accepted by all four municipalities and will not only serve as a guide for staff to ensure that all steps are properly checked, but will also provide detailed information as to the application’s deficiencies that will allow the applicant to focus their efforts on only those areas identified for improvement. This checklist was also reviewed by stakeholders for comment and input prior to final testing by staff on a pilot basis.
220: Prepare Action Plan for Bylaw and Code Implementation and Enforcement
Action Plans 115. To ensure an effective implementation of the BPBs occurred, the project team with considerable municipal staff input prepared individual Action Plans for each municipality. These plans were primarily designed to define remaining implementation tasks and served as a communication road map for undertaking a community consultation process. The plans also contained a detailed monitoring chart developed to include specific community awareness activities such as: major public meetings/workshops, distribution and posting of banners and posters in high pedestrian traffic areas, placing newspaper and TV advertisements and other similar activities. In addition, the Action Plans were designed to serve as an activity log identifying such activities as: how community was reached, an estimate of the public contacted, and the characteristics of those attending (e.g. business, professional, general public etc.).
116. Every municipality requested additional time for further consideration and review. This request was supported in keeping with the objective of using an iterative process with the goal of reaching full agreement where possible, through ongoing interaction between the TA consultants and municipal staff. While municipal staff members were generally comfortable with the actions identified, there was considerable reticence by each municipality to commit to the proposed deadlines particularly those related to increasing public awareness about the building code changes.
117. To gain the greatest acceptance for the Action Plans, considerable time was spent explaining the details of the Action Plan to key municipal staff by tailoring each Plan to meet each municipality’s unique circumstances. They were also developed to be easily modified and adjustable to changing circumstances. For example, if one activity was achieving results and another wasn't, the municipality could drop the poor performing tool and spend more resources on the successful one to gain the largest community outreach as possible.
118. Municipalities were also informed that the TA project budget had not accommodated funds for this purpose (unlike the Public Awareness Campaign (PAC) for tax payments) and that the municipalities were expected to cover these costs. While initially not a problem, this situation soon became problematic for most municipalities. Reasons for this reluctance surfaced later through site visits to the municipalities. For example both Nepalgunj and Siddharthanagar identified higher than anticipated costs for undertaking many of the tasks and claimed they didn’t have sufficient funds available in their existing budget. They did however promise they would ask for additional funds at the upcoming budget meetings in July. For Dharan, they held back Action Plan implementation to coordinate efforts with a UN Habitat Green Buildings initiative that had a direct impact on the building code and BPB changes. As for Janakpur, they had a public meeting arranged that had to be cancelled at the last minute to accommodate the needs of another large meeting that affected the same staff and it didn’t get re-scheduled until December.
119. To help mitigate municipal public awareness costs and also build on the efforts of other similar programs, we recommended the municipalities contact UNDP and DUDBC and other agencies and donors (e.g. NSET and USAID) that have mandates to raise community awareness over earthquake resilient buildings. Considerable materials have been developed
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by these groups (manuals, posters, leaflets, videos, banners etc.) that are also available at minimal costs for use by project municipalities. It was expected shortly after the submission of this report that an instructional video from UNDP would be made available to all project municipalities for use at public workshops and stakeholder meetings.
120. Comprehensive workshops occurred in all four municipalities with the assistance of the National Urban Planning Expert, where all changes were collectively presented to stakeholders, community leaders and the general public. Following the workshops, it was expected that the BPB and new BAF would be used by municipal staff and any issues that surface during the workshops would be considered and incorporated where appropriate. A copy of one of the Action Plan’s is provided in the CD accompanying this report, which provides the background behind all of the proposed changes that were presented to the public for input.
Increased Field Inspections 121. While much of this project was focused on the legislation aspects of the NBC and BPB, it is equally important to ensure that the legislative provisions are followed during the building construction stage. Increasing the number of supervisory visits to building sites at critical stages of construction were discussed at length with each municipal government. While all municipalities agreed with the concept and need, they collectively raised concerns over affordability and availability of qualified staff resources.
122. The TA team also heard of many concerns raised over newly constructed buildings not following the approved plans or that shortcuts were being taken during construction that affected building quality and safety such as: constructing smaller columns, reducing the number and size of re-enforcing steel rods, and poorly tying/securing re-enforcing rods. To reduce the opportunities for this type of activity, we recommended to the project municipalities the need to undertake at least 1-2 more inspections during construction to ensure that buildings are built according to approved plans (and meet NBC requirements).
123. Furthermore, the TA team heard that mortgage funding is now being provided by local banks for building construction with a condition that the proposed building is properly inspected during construction and has received a final compliance inspection and approval. As a result, municipalities reported a noticeable increase in demand for field inspections raising the opportunity to slightly increase the Building Permit fees to re-coup the additional cost of staff or consults undertake the additional inspections.
124. Some new inspections recommended for municipal consideration to complement existing inspection when undertaken are outlined below: A foundation inspection that outlines the building footprint. This inspection is important to ensure the building location matches that identified in the approved plans both in terms of building area and location (respecting setbacks). This inspection doesn’t occur now but is important to catch errors at this stage, where compliance adjustments can be easily made with little additional cost or inconvenience to the owner. (NEW) A plinth level inspection that ensures the foundation complies with building safety requirements. After this inspection, the contractor is permitted to complete the rest of the building. First level super-structure inspection to ensure columns and beams are constructed with the proper re-enforcing steel, that the rods are properly tied, to ensure maximum foundation strength.(NEW) A plumbing and electrical inspection. (NEW)
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A building compliance inspection that occurs at the building completion stage and validates that the building has been constructed in accordance with the approved plans. (not always done)
125. All four project municipalities agreed to seek ways to increase their inspections, either through the hiring of additional staff or contracting out consultants for undertaking inspection responsibilities.
230: Support Monitoring and Implementation of Action Plan 126. The successful monitoring and implementation of the municipal Action Plans is tied directly to municipalities agreeing to implement the plans, which includes obtaining input and support from major stakeholders and raising overall community awareness of the proposed development control changes.
127. Strategies and constraints in implementing the Action Plan were discussed at length with each municipality. Siddharthanagar presented an estimation of implementation expenses particularly as they related to the costs of the public meetings and the construction of NBC model examples. Nepalgunj has similar concerns while the remaining two municipalities had other concerns or timing issues. Since the project budget did not included funds for supporting municipal Action Plan implementation costs, the TA team has worked with each municipality to identify funds in the existing recurrent budget that could be used for this purpose, as well as requesting for ADB approval to realign uncommitted project funds to be directed towards Action Plan implementation on a 60/40 project municipality sharing arrangement.
128. The content of each plan was accepted, and the timing of each activity is still under consideration, and dependent on the new funds. One public workshop/meeting was held in each of the project municipalities with the objective of discussing the implementation of the action plan. Now each municipality will be responsible for the implementation of the BPB and BAF.
129. Jingles prepared as part of the TA are being played on the local FM radio and print advertisements were also published in local newspapers. The impact of these advertisements, especially in Nepalgunj was immediately seen with people visiting the municipal offices to enquire about the procedures for construction of buildings. Prior to the commencement of SMUSDP, Dharan has had performing similar activities; therefore the TA supported the continuation of these endeavors to continue to raise awareness. The updated 20 minute video cassette on the implementation of the NBC was handed over to all the municipalities. Municipalities will continue to replay the video with the support of local TV stations and during relevant municipal meetings/workshops and seminars.
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GIS-BASED MAPPING (300) 4.1 Activities Undertaken and Results Achieved
310: Capacity Assessments 130. A GIS-based mapping capacity assessment was completed in all four SMUSDP municipalities early in the project’s first quarter. This assessment led to the preparation of specifications for computer hardware and software and other essential equipment each municipality required in order to implement G-MIS and GIS-based mapping needs.
131. The TA consultants conducted several field visits to each of the municipalities to interact with relevant staff and develop a common understanding of the GIS-based data and maps to be produced. While ADB TA 7727 covered much of the same ground as this activity, our GIS team added additional information not covered by TA 7727, namely the capacity to develop land parcel databases, house addressing systems, and the ability to link GMIS with taxation systems. The report resulting from this updated assessment is included in the CD accompanying this report, with findings integrated into the activities below. These visits also included observations of different segments of each municipality to develop tentative plans for field verification methods that were employed during GIS mapping work. Complementing these efforts, Cowater’s GIS team designed the structure of the GIS databases adopted by all four municipalities and created to ensure uniformity and consistency across each participating government.
132. Based on extensive consultations with the municipalities, DUDBC and the ADB, it was jointly agreed to remove the development of a land registration database application that was to be integrated into the municipal GMIS and replace it with the development of a Land Registration Record Management System (LRRMS).
320: Upgrade and Update Digital Base Maps 133. This component focused on the procurement of the latest High Resolution Satellite Image and the creation of a new digital base map for Dharan and updated base maps for Janakpur, Nepalgunj and Siddharthanagar. Digital database and large scale maps (1:2500 and 1:5000) were prepared based on procured and processed high resolution satellite images with extensive field verification by sub-consultants. The Data Dictionary of GIS database used for creating the GIS databases and the reports, GIS-based digital data and maps that were produced in hardcopy and DVD format and delivered to corresponding municipalities is included in a CD accompanying the Final Report. Copies of these maps and data were also delivered to the PCO at the end of the project.
330: Land Registration Record Management System (LRRMS) 134. LRRMS, a computerized system that maintains attribute databases of land records as registered in the Land Registration Record Book was designed and developed in cooperation with all four project municipalities.34 This system was installed, tested and data entry work is currently in progress with the support of Shangrila Micro-System Pvt. Ltd in all four project municipalities. All municipalities were equipped to use LRRMS and selected staff members from the revenue section in all four municipalities received OJT in order to fully operationalize the LRRMS system.
34 The original plan to create 25% of the cadastral databases for four municipalities was altered after extensive consultation with all municipalities, DUDBC and the ADB due to the value of incomplete database and lack of capacity at the municipal level to complete the digitization of the remaining 75% of cadastral data.
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340: Socio-economic Surveys 135. The socio-economic data is a key component of the municipal database for urban service delivery and also one of the key components of SMUSDP. Socio-economic surveys of 100% of the houses in each of the four municipalities using the newly created or updated GIS- based base maps were carried out with assistance from the corresponding mapping sub- consultants for all four municipalities.
136. Following the completion of the survey, the data was entered into the computer system in order to produce a socio-economic database for all four municipalities along with a picture of the building after quality control from the SMUSDP GIS team. A copy of the socio-economic data set was delivered to corresponding municipalities for their use and the use of the IUDP project. The GIS team also populated the GMIS with the socio-economic data from each municipality. SMUSDP delivered final socio-economic data sets along with a GMIS dataset as part of the final project deliverables. The following documents are included in the CD accompanying this report: socio-economic data from each municipality; and additional details relating to the questionnaire and guidelines used for the socio-economic survey.
350: Procure GIS Hardware and Software 137. During the capacity assessment conducted by the TA team, a basic set of computer hardware and software required for operating GMIS after completion of SMUSDP project was identified. Based on this assessment, the following equipment was procured, delivered and installed in each of the four municipalities: computer hardware with the necessary operating system; a large sized plotter; ArcGIS software; backup devices; antivirus software; and accessories for printing maps.
138. The computer hardware was provided to use as a server for GMIS. The SMUSDP team recommended that each municipality allocate one additional workstation for installing GIS software in the GIS Unit. Municipal staff members assigned to operate GMIS and GIS were also trained to operate computer hardware, software and the plotter by the SMUSDP team. A detailed description of the specifications of the hardware and software is included in the CD accompanying this report.
360: Establish and Implement House and Street Addressing Systems 139. The SMUSDP team, with support from sub-consultants, successfully developed a Metric Addressing System for all four municipalities, which included address zoning, coding, naming of streets, and metric house numbers for all buildings in each municipality. A GIS database of streets was also created street data was populated into the GMIS. Metric house addresses of corresponding buildings have been provided in the socio-economic and GIS- based building database. GIS-based street data and buildings were also provided as a part of the final deliverable of the project. To celebrate this change, three street signs and number plates for fifty houses were installed in each municipality in presence of the Executive Officer, IUDP project co-ordinator, municipality staff and civil societies A manual detailing the Metric House Addressing System was prepared for each municipality. A copy of this document is included in the CD accompanying this report.
370: Software Customization & Linkage with Tax System and Real Estate Asset Inventory 140. One of the main challenges of this project was linking the spatial data of GMIS with the existing numeric revenue data in each municipality. Although GMIS has several information management modules that include building permit, house address, revenue for property tax, socio-economic and road network, it still required modifications to link to the revenue data.
141. All four municipalities are currently using Shangrila’s Revenue Information Management module for collecting property tax. This system is basically a tax payer’s information system with the capability of maintaining property data. The SMUSDP team identified some
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additional functionality’s that were developed during the ISMP project that created a data structure link from the tax data to a GIS-based parcel database. This change is also capable of generating data and information about the tax status by house and land.
142. As a result, the SMUSDP GIS team introduced these enhancements in the municipalities' existing taxation system in cooperation with the developer of the system, to generate the following: an inventory of buildings in the tax net with their tax status; to accept a Building Identification Number (BIN); and Metric House Addresses. These enhancements were implemented in GIS to make them compatible to integrate into GMIS thereby establishing the link to the tax data. The total number of buildings linked to the GMIS in each of the four project municipalities included 8,800 in Dharan, 2,400 in Nepalgunj, 1,875 in Janakpur, and 2,161 in Siddharthanagar.
380: Staff Training 143. Staff training in each municipality was another key component for capacity building in implementing GMIS and enhancing Municipal Finance and Urban Service delivery through GMIS. Despite having received some GIS training, it was found that municipal staff did not have sufficient skills or knowledge to utilize, produce, interpret and analyse outputs to support decision making, updating maps and disseminating updated GIS-based information internally or to the public. An evaluation of the GIS skills from each municipality is summarized in the GIS Capacity Assessment document included in the CD accompanying this report, under Human Resource Capability. Our GIS experts also identified municipal staff working in different units of the municipalities’ Planning Sections that required extensive training on operating GIS and using GIS-based maps for different Municipal Applications. Furthermore, none of the SMUSDP municipalities were staffed with employees with the required skills to work with a metric addressing system. Enhancing the capacity of the staff members in each municipality in using GIS for Urban Service Delivery and Revenue Enhancement and implementing a metric addressing system was one of the key activities of the GIS component.
144. In response, our TA GIS training experts initiated class room and on-the-job-training to improve staff's GIS capacity. For example, some on-the-job training included the participation of the municipalities’ technical staff in the following: (i) field verification of maps, assigning metric house number in the field and taking pictures of surveyed houses; (ii) disseminating the Metric Addressing System to municipal staff and key stakeholders; (iii) assigning street names and house numbers and the installation of street signs and house number plates; and (iv) identifying Building Identification Numbers (BIN) of corresponding houses in the tax database and updating each municipalities existing taxation system to link GMIS with the taxation system of each municipality.
145. Classroom training included training staff how to use GIS and implement GIS for urban service delivery and revenue enhancement. Sixteen staff members from SMUSDP/ISMP municipalities, two from DUDBC and one from MoFALD participated in this training. A GIS Training Manual, a CD of each participant’s project work, and a Manual for Metric Addressing System were some of the key outputs of this component. Manuals were produced and used for staff skill development. On-the-job training for the Metric House Addressing System produced a training report and an Action Plan for implementing Metric House Addressing in all four municipalities. The Action Plans were prepared by corresponding municipal staff members with support from the SMUSDP GIS team. The following documents are included in the CD accompanying this report: summary of the On- the-job and classroom training; Manual for Metric Addressing System; training report and an Action Plan for implementing Metric House Addressing.
146. On the job training in using GMIS, refresher training and the disseminating workshop are the three remaining components under staff training.
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ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 41 Final Report – April 2014
CHALLENGES FACED AND MITIGATION MEASURES ADOPTED Challenges Faced Mitigation Measure Financial Management The project’s participating municipalities delayed The project municipalities should plan to hire an making arrangements to assign an accountant to accountant for the IUDP project accounting look after the financial management aspect of the assignment. They assured SMUSDP that the IUPD project. This issue was aggravated by the accountant will be hired once the volume of IUDP temporary restriction for new recruitment by the work increases. Government during the recently completed election. The municipalities may not have required The TA team estimated the budget required for budgets to invest in revenue mobilization each PAC on a pilot basis and proposed a budget campaigns (Public Awareness Campaign). This from the TA fund and municipality in the ratio of should be a regular activity of the municipalities. 70% and 30% respectively, in order to increase the likelihood of sustainability once the project is completed. TA municipalities should allocate adequate annual budget for PAC activities. Lack of permanent staff for internal audit function Internal audit work in all four project hampered improvement in financial management municipalities was completed for FY 2012/13 and system in the TA municipalities. the annual IA report was submitted. Due to the lack of permanent staff in two project municipalities (Janakpur and Nepalgunj), the IA work may not move ahead as expected. Updating property tax data depends upon the Municipalities should continue making efforts in availability of data in each municipality and much encouraging all citizens to submit their property of this data must be entered in the computerized data. The PAC designed as part of this project database based on voluntary submission of should be a continuous activity of the municipality information by the tax payers. It is planned to even after the close of the TA. enter all data available at the municipality however, citizens may not submit their information despite implementation of PAC. Urban Planning No municipalities in the country seem to be These issues have noticeably changed over the comfortable in fully implementing the course of the project. For example, strong requirements of the NBC. support was received from all four municipalities One of the reasons for this is that no in the re-design of the Building Permit Application municipalities have sufficient technical manpower Form (BPAF). The proposed revisions provided to oversee its compliance. They also view the guidance to the municipalities in implementing NBC itself as being overambitious, considering the main NBC provisions to address building the present day technical capacity. proposals they commonly face. The final draft of the BPAF has now received full support from the key staff of all of the project municipalities and will be presented to City Council in January for final formal approval. Additionally, all project municipalities either have or intend to increase their Building Permit Application fee and plan to direct the new funds towards hiring new staff or consultants to undertake site inspections to ensure buildings are being constructed in accordance with approved plans. It should also be noted that the National Government in July 23, 2013, added the requirement of including NBC provisions in municipal regulations as a part of MCPM reporting. This is expected to generate a new level of commitment to adopt the MBC locally within all municipalities in the country.
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Challenges Faced Mitigation Measure The NBC is a new concept for many staff in With the exception of Nepalgunj, all project participating municipalities and may pose some municipalities have either recruited new staff difficulties in ensuring its application even though knowledgeable of applying NBC provisions or it has been thoroughly discussed with existing have taken advantage of DUDBC and UNDP technical experts in each municipality. training programs to improve the existing staff’s understanding of the NBC and how to effectively apply its provisions. Up until now, Nepalgunj has missed receiving this support but has made a request for it in the current fiscal year 2013/2014. Regardless of the fact that land use plans exist, All municipalities have held or will hold public they have not been implemented in any of the workshops/meetings to disseminate the amended four municipalities. Amended bylaws will have BPB to local leaders, stakeholders and the minimum number of land use zones to encourage general public, to increase awareness among the its use while being enforced through the building population of the new land use controls and the permit process. It is anticipated that even with implementation process. This will be this effort, implementation of land use regulations supplemented by other public outreach initiatives during the initial period may create some to better inform the public of the proposed misunderstandings and local resistance. changes.
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ASSESSMENT OF ACHIEVEMENTS & FOLLOW-UP RECOMMENDATIONS TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABILITY 147. The main concern shared by all project stakeholders is the sustainability of the gains made in the areas of financial management, urban planning and the use of the GMIS system in all four project municipalities. To encourage sustainability of project results and implementation of project tools, documents and databases, DUDBC skill sets should be strengthened to allow it to perform a ‘Center of Expertise” role to municipalities in the areas of GIS, and Zoning and Building Bylaws where ongoing technical support and advice can be provided and available for all municipalities throughout Nepal.
148. It is recommended that MoUD and MoFALD institutionalize a training program to ensure staff members receive regular training and to monitor the progress of the performance of each municipality.
149. To facilitate the handover of the project to the four project municipalities with the objective if ensuring that the project achievements are sustainable, a detailed list of recommendations for each of the project outputs has been identified below. It is highly recommended that those identified as the responsible persons for each recommendation take an active role in working towards achieving the targets identified in the table below. The follow-up of these recommendations will play a key role in ensuring the long-term sustainability of the achievements made as part of this TA.
Component 100 - Project Results and Recommendations 1. Preparation of Public Awareness Campaign Plan and drafting of PAC announcements (1.1 and 1.2) A consolidated public awareness campaign was prepared in consultation with the respective municipalities to make the public aware about their responsibility for paying taxes on time. The plan for all four municipalities has been compiled in one document. The PAC has been implemented as a pilot in all four municipalities. The TA provided 70% of the cost and the rest was paid by each of the respective municipalities. Key Achievements None of the municipalities had previously prepared a PAC plan to raise public awareness about their responsibility for paying taxes on time. As part of this Plan, a jingle for FM radio announcements was prepared, as well as a sample format for a newspaper advertisement, and a pamphlet designed for distribution. The PAC also proposed holding an annual revenue enhancement workshop for stakeholders in addition to regular meetings held at the ward level. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 35 1. PAC plan prepared by the TA 1. Revise PAC plan based on the ST Annually EO of municipality with 1. Number of PAC’s carried 1. 4 (1 in each team should be annually reviewed assessment and its impact. the assistance of the out each year. municipality) and its impact assessed Revenue Chief and 2. Make budgetary allocation for outside experts, if 2. % annual increase in 2. 15% increase PAC activity. necessary internal revenue in own source revenue 3. Redesign PAC publicity materials as required
35 ST = Short Term, MT = Medium Term
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2. Input of property tax payers data into property tax payers database (1.3) Property tax data base comprises of building and land parcel records. One of the main activities of the TA is to support the municipalities in entering property tax data into the system. The municipalities had a database of taxpayers; however the data available not entered in the municipality’s database. The TA team provided assistance to the municipalities for inputting tax payer data into the system. Key Achievements Data entry of pending building and land parcel data for all municipalities are complete. In the case of Siddharthanagar, it started with the Integrated Property tax (IPT) from FY 2012/13 and satisfactory progress has been made. Janakpur started slowly due to a problem with data migration from the old software to the new one; however they have completed entry of all pending data entry. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1. A commitment is required to 1. Use GMIS to track buildings not MT Annually 1. EO and municipal 1. % of property data 1. 100% entry of record 100% of land and building in the taxpayer database. Revenue Team entered into updated property data data into the system. property tax database within each municipality 2. Data of properties not likely to 2. Use LRRMS to track land parcels 2. EO and GMIS Team 2. % Increase in property pay tax should also be brought not in the taxpayer database. tax revenue 2. 15% increase into the data base. in property tax revenue 3. Continue to evaluate and 3. Recommend revision of the determine new revenue sources property tax rates fixed by the 3. EO to MoFALD government over the past 15 years back to coincide with current market rates. 3. Own source tax and fee revenues generated by municipalities (1.4) The main sources of own source revenue of the municipalities are property tax, business tax, vehicle tax, building permit fees, and other fees and charges. Most municipalities in Nepal did not take proactive measures to enter tax payers into the tax net. Typically tax payers came to pay tax voluntarily or whenever they needed a tax clearance certificate from the municipality to meet their personal requirements e.g. bank, visa requirement of tax payers children. Key Achievements ADB’s IUDP project and the TA team were successful in passing on the message to municipalities that they needed to increase revenue in order to provide the matching funds for the IUDP project and to make the municipality a viable institution. The municipalities have been successful in passing on this message to stakeholders and citizens. The EOs have also made efforts in increasing taxes and exploring new sources of revenue. Compared to past internal revenue of the municipalities during the PPTA in FY 2009/10, revenue has increased substantially in FY 2012/13. (Dharan 51%, Janakpur 55%, Nepalgunj 80%, Siddharthanagar 49%). Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Targets Indicator 1. Add business entities to the tax 1a. Transition to using business tax ST/MT 1-3 years 1. EO and Municipal 1. Number of businesses 1. 100% entry of net. software instead of using a manual Revenue Team rental properties and business 2. Add municipal rental properties system. vehicles added to the tax entities, rented to the tax net. 1b. Use GMIS to track business 2. EO and GMIS team net properties and 3. Add vehicles to the tax net. properties not in the tax net. 3a and b. EO and vehicles. 4. Continue to evaluate and 1c. Mobilize ward offices to track municipal staff tax 2.% Increase in revenue 2.10% annual determine new revenue sources. business entities and rented experts increase in properties outside the tax net. 4.EO to write to revenue from 2. Assess rental rates in key areas Transport Management these sources).
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of the city to increase rental amount. Department 3a. Coordinate with the Transport Management Department and seek their support in bringing vehicles into the tax net. 3b. Request the MoFALD to revise the tax rates fixed by the government over 15 years ago to more closely reflect market rates. 4. Internal audit work plan review reports prepared (2.1) An internal audit work plan is the key document for any internal auditor to plan the internal audit work for the coming year. The IA section prepares this document which is approved by management. The main content of the IA work plan is the scope of audit in the forthcoming year. Key Achievements TA team developed a template for preparing IA work plans. This template has been used in preparing the IA work plan for FY 2013/14 by all project municipalities.
Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1. The practice of preparing 1. Prepare IA work plan for each ST 1. 3 months 1. Chief Internal Auditor 1. # of approved IA Work 1. 4 (1 in each annual IA work plan should be fiscal year. prior to new 2. EO Plans municipality) continued. fiscal year
2. IA Work Plan should be 2. Work Plan approved before the 2. EO’s approved by the EO before the beginning of new fiscal year. approval 1 beginning of new fiscal year. month before new fiscal year 5. Preparation of monthly and annual IA report in accordance of standards (2.2 and 2.3) The current legal provision is to prepare an IA report every month and an annual IA report after year end. When the TA was implemented, only Dharan had internal audit staff. The remaining three municipalities made an ad hoc provision (through internal staff or outsourcing the job) in carrying out the IA function once a year. There has been improvement with the IA function but the standard and scope of work has yet to be improved. At present the focus of IA staff is to carry out audits of expenditure accounting but other important aspects have not been given due care such as: revenue audit, and audit of construction by public participation. Key Achievements The TA team has been successful in making a temporary in- house arrangement of deputizing staff in carrying out the IA function on a regular basis. The IA function has been carried on a more regular basis and IA reports have been produced more frequently but all of them have not yet been successful in producing monthly IA reports. Annual IA reports were produced by all municipalities in FY 2012/13. In FY 2013/14, all municipalities have submitted IA reports as of mid-November 2013. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1. Preparation of annual and 1. Address IA staffing situation as ST Monthly 1. EO and Chief 1a. Number of monthly IA 1a. 48 (12 in monthly IA reports. needed, for example: Internal Auditor reports produced each a. Hire permanent officer level IA 2. EO municipality) staff (Janakpur and Nepalgunj). 1b. Number of annual IA reports produced 1b. 4 (1 in each b. Request additional assistant level municipality) staff depending upon the volume of work.
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c. Provide logistic support to IA staff e.g. working space, computer etc. 2. 4 (1 in each 2. Scope of IA to be extended to 2. Ensure IA staff members 2. Number of revenue and municipality) revenue audit, inventory audit, continue to apply capacity build in inventory audits included in construction works through cost revenue and inventory audit through annual work plan sharing etc. OJT.
6. CFMIP stakeholders consultation workshop held and implementation Action Plan prepared (3.1 and 3.2) Comprehensive Financial Management Improvement Plans were prepared under the ISMP TA. This document was presented in a stakeholders consultation workshop supported by an individual consultant hired by the ADB. The final version of the CFMIP has been approved by each Municipal Council. The TA team prepared an Action Plan for the implementation of the CFMIP. Priority in its implementation was given to enhancing the internal revenue of the municipalities, in addition to improving their overall financial management system. Key Achievements CFMIP implementation Action Plans were prepared. The TA team assisted the municipalities in implementing the Action Plans. There were in total 239 actions identified for four municipalities. Out of these, 36 were postponed for future action as they could not be implemented immediately. 87 actions were completed, 77 are in progress and progress has yet to be made on the remaining 39 activities. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1. CFMIP should be reviewed and 1. Revise CFMIP Action Plan with ST 1 year 1. EO 1. Number of updated 1. 4 (1 in each revised to take into account stakeholder input to identify 2. Municipal Section CFMIP’s produced municipality) compliance requirements of new outstanding activities to be Chiefs 2. Number of outstanding 2. 18 (50% of MCPM, conditions of Resource completed. 3. Stakeholders activities completed. activities which Mobilization Guidelines prepared 4. MoFALD were by MoFALD, and new plans and postponed) policies of the municipalities etc.
7. Preparation of accounting, budgeting and internal audit training plans and implementation of training program (3.3), (3.6), (3.7), (3.8) and (3.9) An assessment of the capacity of the financial management staff was carried out. Based on the assessment, a capacity development plan was prepared. It was observed that most staff wanted to enhance their skill in software application and hands on support in addressing issues on the financial management system. Hence, the capacity development plan focused on OJT in the application of computer software, and class room training to all staff. Three OJTs for five days each in each municipality and one ST for three days in each municipality were developed. Key Achievements Three OJTs sessions were delivered in each project municipalities in the application of computer software. The TA team provided OJT on a regular basis throughout the duration of the project to FM staff during their field visits and remotely from Kathmandu. One structured training (class room) was held in each municipality to all FM staff. The ST was made interactive to share experiences of staff and other participating municipalities. STIUEIP staff and two FM staff from nearby municipalities also participated. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1. OJT on the application of 1a. Engage the use of a service ST/MT Every 4-6 1. EO 1. Number of computer 1. 8 (twice a computer should be held provider for providing on-going months trainings year in each regularly. software training municipality)
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1b. Procure additional computer hardware for FM sections to increase staff efficiency. 1c. Regularly send staff (new and computer illiterate) for basic computer application training in local computer training centers 2. One interactive workshop with Organize one interactive workshop ST/MT Annually FM Chiefs Number of interactive 1 stakeholders and other with stakeholders and other programs held. municipalities should be held municipalities once a year on financial management. 8. Preparation internal audit guidelines (3.4) At the beginning of the project, none of the project municipalities were following internal audit guidelines. Internal audit guidelines were developed and introduced during the TA to address some of the weaknesses within the internal audit function such as: the authority of the internal auditor, its independence, functions, duties, and powers. The guidelines provide an overview on internal control and the procedures to be applied in the assessment of internal control systems. The guidelines also provide a template for preparing an IA work plan and explain in detail a step by step audit work program while keeping the records of work carried out. The guidelines also assist the municipalities to understand the importance of preparing frequent IA reports and a suggested format to ensure the report is accessible and informative. Key Achievements Internal Audit Guidelines has been prepared in English and have been translated in Nepali. The guidelines have been used during OJT and the class room training. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1. That IA staff use these 1. Ensure all IA staff regularly ST Monthly 1. EO 1. Part of ongoing 1. N/A guidelines to carry out their consults the IA guidelines in management duties. carrying out their duties. 2. IA Section Chief responsibilities 2. 1 per year 2. Guidelines should be revised, if 2. Revise guidelines periodically as 2. Frequency of guidelines necessary, after it has been necessary. reviewed tested, to incorporate any changes made in the rules and regulations of the financial management system and procedures 9. Upgrading of revenue and expenditure accounting software modules (3.5) All four project municipalities have been using Shangrila Microsystem (SM) software for recording expenditure accounting, property tax and other income. During the capacity development assessment, concerns were raised by the staff regarding their inability to properly use the application software or applying the software to arrive at the desired result. Some of the reasons were due to the ignorance of staff in properly using the software and in some cases, improvements in the software was necessary to meet the new reporting requirements or to address new issues encountered due to new policies of the municipalities. Key Achievements Three OJT sessions were held successfully in each municipality. The main focus of the OJTs were to provide an overview of the software features and their applicability in carrying out day-to-day work in recording property tax data, other income data and expenditure accounting. A demo was also given for using the business tax software. The OJT assisted FM staff in understanding the key features of the software and using them more efficiently and effectively. The OJT was also used as a source of information to SM in upgrading their software. Issues and problems raised during the OJT were provided to SM to address and upgrade their software. SM improved some specific features of the software as requested. Some of the important achievements in software application and improvements are as follows:
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 48 Final Report – April 2014 a) Software application: Basically staff were exposed to the features of the software and helped to resolve issues that they were not able to do previously. The TA trained staff to use the computer for writing vouchers and cheques (Janakpur and Nepalgunj), introduced software for recording other income (Janakpur), taught the preparation of payroll features (Janakpur and Nepalgunj), and the fixing of revenue accounts head to match with budget heads etc. b) Software upgrading: Capturing expenditure under various sources of expenses, improvement in the reporting format to meet the requirements of the Ministry, recording project costs, tracking advances and deposits by transactions dates, inserted dashboard for displaying major summary information of tax events and data, inserted Ward wise road filter options at taxpayer's detail entry and property information entry, inserted property evaluation and tax assessment reports. c) Besides revenue and expenditure software, inventory staff members were also provided training in using the inventory software function. Dharan and Nepalgunj have started using inventory software and Siddharthanagar is using some features on trial basis. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1. Upgrading the FM software is 1. Contract service provider to ST/MT Annually 1. EO 1.This is part of ongoing 1. N/A an ongoing requirement. maintain and upgrade FM software. 2. FM Section Chiefs management Municipalities should annually 3. Software provider responsibilities contract a service provider to perform necessary changes or improvements to the software.
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Component 200 - Project Results and Recommendations 1. Educate the stakeholders in Building and Planning Bylaws Make each applicant for a building construction permit aware of all the necessities for applying and understanding the salient features of the National Building Code (NBC) and ‘Building and Planning Bylaws’. This awareness also needs to be extended to consultants, contractors, masons, and other stakeholders through more generic training programs. Key Achievements 1. Used an inclusive approach to building understanding and receiving input through direct contact with the applicants and stakeholders to build confidence in the need for earthquake safe buildings and effective implementation of regulations by their respective municipalities. 2. Through regular engagement of stakeholders directly involved with construction activities raised overall awareness and understanding towards municipality efforts to increase building standards and at the same time encouraged constructive feedback to refine Bylaws and build confidence in the regulatory changes. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1.Continue to provide workshops 1. Municipality staff explain the new ST/MT Daily and EO and Head of 1. Number of applicants 1. 100% of the and other related training building permit application form and quarterly Municipal Planning receiving guidance before applicants activities to raise awareness of Building and Planning Bylaws in Sections. permit is issued. the new Building and Planning detail to each potential applicant Bylaws and NBC provisions to before an application form is 2. Number of forums 2. 2 per year individuals, professional groups, provided. organized for raising contractors, masons and the awareness. general public over the 2. Periodically organize public importance of ensuring the forums and workshops to construction of safe buildings continuously disseminate information on the need for new Building and Planning Bylaws and NBC provisions using examples of earthquake damage from other municipalities from Nepal as well as from outside the country.
3. Seek regular support to implement the above actions from national government agencies, UNDP, NGOs and international. 2. General Public Awareness Campaign The importance and necessity of the Building and Planning Bylaws should be disseminated to the public in general as an awareness and education program.
Key Achievements 1. Prepared new Building and Planning Bylaws including new zoning maps for each municipality as well as adopted key National Building Code provisions into a revised building permit application form. 2. Regularly met with the Chambers of Commerce and community leaders in each municipality during the development of these new regulations that encouraged input and incorporated changes through an iterative process. 3. Held large public workshops in each municipality to introduce the public to the changes in these regulatory documents and to receive comments and input prior to implementation.
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Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1. Continue to raise stakeholder 1. Regular distribution of pamphlets ST/MT/ Continuous EO and Head of 1. Number of public 1. 8 (2x2) and public awareness throughout at appropriate occasions and LT ly Planning/Engineering awareness events held each municipality through building sites, place posters at high section annually. additional public workshops and traffic and clearly visible locations the distribution of educational throughout each municipality. 2. Number of supporting 2. 20 (5 x 4) materials on safer building and 2. Obtain support from local media awareness materials ‘Building and Planning Bylaws’. and institutions for no cost produced and distributed. This may include; posters, contributions to public awareness pamphlets, videos, message campaigns. 3. Number of citizens scrolling in TV, jingles in local FM visiting each municipality 3. 400 (100 x 4 ) stations, messages in 3. Organize an interactive program for building permits that newspapers and others. with engineering students and use receive Building and them in the awareness program. Planning Bylaw and NBC briefings. 4. Obtain support to implement the above actions from capable sources, national/international agencies.(e.g. DUDBC and UNDP) 3. Develop in-house capacity in Implementation of ‘Building and Planning Bylaws’ (NBC included) Municipality staff are capable in handling the implementation of the Building and Planning Bylaws in quality and quantity Key Achievements Through a combination of engagement of municipal staff in the development of the new BPB and Building Application forms and OTJ support with implementation sufficient staff numbers are available to assist new home builders comply with the new requirements. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1. Municipal staff members 1. Municipality staff should receive ST 1. EO and Head of 1. % of new buildings 1. 90% continue to implement new continuous training in all aspects of Continuous Planning/Engineering obtaining building permits building and development ‘Building and Planning Bylaws’. ly Section in accordance with BPBs requirements to become familiar 2. Every 3 2. Number of visits 2. 12 (3 x 4) 3 with contents to enable them to 2. Review building staff numbers months conducted to each visits per communicate effectively with new and capabilities and add skilled staff construction site by construction site development applications. or train existing employees to municipality supervisors. ensure new requirements are fully 3. Number of agencies 3. 8 (2x4) 2. Ensure there are sufficient staff implemented. contracted regarding NBC members available in the building training and information permit section for additional 3. Coordinate with different national support. onsite inspections. and international agencies to take advantage complimentary 3. Use NBC programs from training/support programs to different agencies (UNDP, increase in- house capacity. DUDBC) to for regulation updates and ongoing training support.) 4. Review and update Building and Planning Bylaws
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Building and Planning Bylaws were reviewed and updated through a transparent and inclusive public participation process to include new National Building Code provisions and more relevant building and zoning regulations. Key Achievements Building and Planning Bylaws were revised to include new building and zoning provisions, and a new digital zoning map to better address current development pressures. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1. Continue to monitor 1 .Document the complaints and MT 3-5 years EO and Municipality 1. Number of complaints/ implementation of new BPB to suggestions of the stakeholders, planning staff in comments on new identify any additional new construction technology in the conjunction with input Building and Planning requirements or modifications market and changing life style of the from Bylaws required to keep the bylaw current people. DUDBC and relevant. 2. Regularly evaluate the existing BPB. ST=Short Term, MT = Medium Term
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 52 Final Report – April 2014
Component 300 - Project Results and Recommendations 1. Land Registration Record Management System (LRRMS) Land registration records used to be maintained manually with no computerized support system in any of the four municipalities. Regular updating of land records, identifying land parcels and knowing the tax payment status of land parcels especially of those which are not in the tax net was very difficult and time consuming. Key Achievements Developed and installed a LRRMS that enables the revenue section in each municipality to establish a digital master database of land records that not only helps in updating land records but it also assists in integrating a master database with the IPT system. Together they help efficiently determine the tax payment status of land parcels. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1. Continue regular maintenance 1. Collect updated land records in ST/MT Annually 1. EO and head of 1. Number of times 1. 4 and updating of municipal land hardcopy / softcopy format from the (every Revenue Section of LRRMS updated record master database corresponding District Land three years each municipality Revenue Department and update beginning LRMMS's land records with 2015) reference to the collected land records 2. Creating Municipality's Digital Base Maps The initial assessment of each municipality’s GIS-capability showed that GIS databases were all dated except in Nepalgunj. The existing datasets were not able to meet SMUSDP's requirements for installing GMIS in each municipality and the existing GIS database in Dharan did not cover the entire area within the municipality. Key Achievements The creation of an updated GIS-based database and large scale maps for each municipality are the key achievements of this activity. The key results are the production of a GIS based urban database consisting of 34 geographic data layers; 8 A0 size hardcopy municipal level urban maps and satellite images, 637 A1 size hard copy maps, and 299 print ready maps in soft copy. These maps included base sheet level maps at 2500 and 5000 scale, municipal and ward level urban maps, municipal level satellite images, municipal level utilities maps, and municipal level land use maps.
The digital base map created by SMUSP will be the basic GIS data for creating or updating different types of GIS data and maps within each municipality. The database is now composed of 24,747 buildings and 2,268 streets in Dharan; 25,479 buildings and 1,177 streets in Janakpur; 17,426 buildings and 1,310 streets in Nepalgunj and 13,832 buildings and 1,718 streets in Siddharthanagar. GIS data and base maps have already been used for various purposes such as: (i) developing the Metric Addressing System; (ii) creating municipal urban & land use maps; (iii) creating municipal zoning maps; (iv) a customized GMIS for each municipality; (v) GIS-based maps used by IUDP for planning and designing infrastructure projects; and (vi) in Nepalgunj, with support from UNICEF, it recently conducted child related survey based on the GIS data available enabling different information related to children effectively been shown on maps. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1. Municipalities continuously Continuously update LRRMS ST Semi- EO and Head of GIS 1. Number of scheduled 1. 8 (2 x 4) maintain and update the GIS building database to capture new annually Unit in cooperation with database updates database. buildings or when changes occur other units of the Urban undertaken annually with existing building areas. and Planning Division Similarly update the road database in each municipality to capture changes in the road network.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 53 Final Report – April 2014
2. Municipalities should also Update the land use map in each MT Every 5 GIS Unit Number of Land Use Map 2. (1 in each follow the guidelines prepared for municipality with reference to the years updates every 5 years. municipality) implementing GMIS in their updated database and new satellite respective municipalities. image with field verification 3. Municipality's Socio-economic Database None of SMUSDP's Municipalities has its own GIS-based socio-economic database. Typically municipalities had to rely on Socio-economic data produced by the Central Bureau of Statistics. Unfortunately different types of data and information (e.g. water consumption, water treatment facilities, waste water management practices, etc.) required for Municipality's efficient planning and development were not available or only to ward level data was available from the CBS. Key Achievements A location based house level socio-economic database was successfully prepared in each project municipality. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1. Regular updating of main GMIS 1. Establish a means to regularly MT Ongoing EO and Corresponding 1. Amount of new data 1.1400 (350 x datasets36 update GMIS data sets during departments of added to GMIS database. 4)37 regular functional process within Municipality each municipality's corresponding 2. Percentage of GMIS units or sections. (E.g. the Building data verified Permit Unit verifies and updates 2. 100% building data of a house owner when he/she comes to the municipal office requesting a construction permit. 4. Introducing Metric Addressing System Prior to the commencement of SMUSDP none of the project municipalities, with the exception of Dharan, had a functioning house addressing system.38 Key Achievements Another important project achievement was the creation of a basic GIS-based database of streets with street codes and street names and a buildings database with an assigned metric house for implementation my each municipality. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets 1 Activate Action Plan for 1. Execute revised Action Plan ST 1 month EO of the municipality Number of Action Plan’s 1 4 (one for implementing metric addressing along with business model for in conjunction with implemented each System implementing metric addressing DUBC with support of municipality) system for each municipality. a team of a Metric 2. Implement Metric Addressing Addressing System Specialist & Business
36 Several types of data that were collected during the survey are extremely difficult to collect and update. Therefore, only the datasets that are very important for the urban service delivery process and possible to maintain and update as part of each municipality’s regular activities are included in GMIS. 37 This target reflects approximately 75% of new buildings permits. Annual building permits approved annually: Dharan – 400, Siddharthanagar - 500, Nepalgunj – 400 and Janakpur – 600. 38 Dharan had a functional system based on an odd/even house numbering system. The majority of streets/roads in the other three municipalities were also not assigned a name.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 54 Final Report – April 2014
System using PPP model.39 Planner
2. Initiate implementation of Metric MT Bi-annually Municipality with PPP Percentage of streets Street names - Addressing System in PPP model. Partner assigned a name and 80% buildings assigned an Building with address metric house address – 75% 3. Verify Street codes, street 3. Verify street names and codes MT Annually EO and Municipality's % of streets have 80% of streets in names and metric house address and update Street database using Planning unit verification flag in GMIS each assigned by sub-consultant GMIS and GIS if required to update supporting GIS Unit municipality are during street data and house geographical feature of the street verified address data created under during assigning street name. SMUSDP prior to implementation. 4. Verify house number and update MT Annually House Addressing Unit % of houses entered into 75% of buildings metric house address while supporting GIS GMIS with a dedicated have received 4. Verify and update street codes, distributing house number to metric house address. Metric House names and metric house address corresponding house owner. Address before completing implementation on the ground. 5. Development of Customized GMIS The concept of implementing GIS-based municipal data and maps in a Web GIS-based Network Environment was successfully initiated in ISMP municipalities in 2010/11. That solution was upgraded to include more functionality and was also successfully installed in all four project municipalities. Key Achievements The development of customized GMIS for all four project municipalities was another key achievement of the SMUSD project. This web-GIS application enables municipality staff to access GIS-based data and maps in a network environment. GMIS not only supports the management and operational functions of the municipalities but also allows all users (including non-GIS staff) the opportunity to be able to carry out basic GIS functions and queries. It is also a key technological backbone for linking properties to the tax net. . Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets Improve access to GMIS in all 1. Improve IT infrastructure, ST 2014/15 EO of the municipality # of municipal units with 20 units41 (5 functional units within each including network infrastructure and fiscal year with support from an IT access to GMIS. units in each municipality. power backup to make GMIS service provider municipality) accessible to all units within the municipal office.40
39 Past experiences within the Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC) shows that advertising agencies are interested in investing in street signs. Enquiries from such agencies in Dharan confirm the potential this type of partnership. The initial cost for street signs is the most expensive aspect in implementing a metric addressing system. The initial cost for number plates can be raised from the house owners but, the initial cost for making the plates and their subsequent installation also require significant funds and human resources. Private firms have shown an interest on the last call for tender for the installation of number plates in KMC, which could be a potential solution for implementing Metric Addressing. The envisaged model of PPP involves each respective municipality working with private firms, with the municipality taking responsibility for assigning street names, house number and carrying out database maintenance. Private firms would be responsible for installing street signs and house numbers. 40 Most of the departments and sections within the project municipalities still do not have network infrastructure and computers with access to the server. Due to lack of network infrastructure and computers across the project municipalities, only those departments and units that have access to their LAN were connected to GMIS during the TA. 41 Building Permit Unit, Addressing Unit, Planning Unit, Social Welfare and Environment Management Unit and Revenue Unit.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery 55 Final Report – April 2014
2. Install separate workstation for ArcGIS and use the GMIS server as a dedicated server. Implement GMIS guidelines for 1. Review each component of the ST 2014/15 EO of the municipality 1. Number of action plans 1. 4 (1 action efficient and sustainable guidelines fiscal year in conjunction with prepared plan for each implementation of GMIS DUDBC and supported municipality) Develop an action plan for by an Information implementation System Specialist
EO of the municipality in conjunction with DUDBC MT
2. Implement Action Plan for 2. After implementing GMIS based on GMIS developme guidelines nt of Action Plan 6. Linking tax data with GMIS The existing tax data maintained by each municipality's Revenue Section using Shangrila Microsystem's Software did not include any information from the land parcel and building property database. Furthermore, these databases only included text-based data; which made it impossible to locate any property by geographic location. As a result of these underlying weaknesses in the databases, identifying the properties not captured in the municipality's tax net and their related tax payment was a very difficult task. Key Achievements (i) The development of the GIS-database of buildings is one of the great achievements in creating property (building database) of municipalities, which enhances the capability of municipalities to estimate potential tax collection from building tax in IPT (ii) Enhanced Revenue management system to establish a link between tax data and GIS-based building data introducing BIN (ii) Enhanced revenue management system software to generate database of buildings and land parcels with tax payer's information that are in the municipal tax net (iii) Enhanced revenue management system software to generate building database that can be imported into the GMIS and perform a GIS-based analysis to determine the tax-payment status of buildings on the map (iv) Dharan has already linked more than 40 % of its buildings in their tax database with their GMIS. Nepalgunj and Siddhartanagar have successfully linked 10% of its building in their tax database with their GMIS, and Janakpur has achieved 5%. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets Link all remaining buildings in the Identify remaining buildings in GIS MT Annually Municipality's Revenue % of buildings in tax net 90% of buildings tax net with corresponding database by field verification or Section linked with corresponding buildings in GMIS, which will help verifying while corresponding house buildings in GMIS to identify the buildings in the map owner shown up for tax payment in that have not yet been captured in the municipality's Revenue Section the tax net.
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7. Staff skills enhanced for GIS-based urban mapping Enhancing the capacity of the staff members in each municipality in using GIS for Urban Service Delivery and Revenue Enhancement and implementing a metric addressing system was one of the key activities of the GIS component. Key Achievements (i) 19 staff from SMUSD municipalities, ISMP, DUDBC and MoFALD developed their capacity to use GIS and GIS-based data and maps through the class room training. (ii) At least 2 technical staff members from each municipality received on-the-job training on field verification and map updating work (iii) At least 8 technical staff members from each SMUSDP municipality received on-the-job training on metric addressing (iv) Municipality staff from urban development unit, social welfare & environment management, Revenue Unit and GIS unit received on-the-job training on customized GMIS, System administrator from GIS Unit received system administration training in addition. (v) Staff members from the revenue section also received specific hands on practice on linking tax data with GMIS and using GMIS for analyzing tax payment status of buildings through GIS maps. (vi) GIS-in-charge received on-the-job system administration training on GMIS. Recommendations Actions ST/MT Timeline Responsibility Performance Indicator Targets On-the-job training provided 1. OJT for GIS in-charge for ST Semi- EO of the municipality % of Management level 75% during SMUSDP project period is administering GMIS and providing annually (1 in conjunction with staff and staff42 capable of not sufficient to fully support for municipality's other week of DUDBC and supported using GMIS for their operationalize GMIS into the functional units OJT in by an Information functional use. functional process of each each System Specialist and municipality. It is recommended 2. OJT for using GMIS for municipalit GIS Expert. that further OJT is provided to the management level staff y) relevant staff members. 3. OJT for implementing GMIS in building permit unit, addressing unit, planning unit, social welfare unit and revenue Unit
4. OJT for using GMIS for Ward Secretaries
42 From the Building Permit Unit, Addressing Unit, Planning Unit, Social Welfare and Environment Management Unit and Revenue Unit.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery A-1 Final Report – April 2014
ANNEX A: REPORTS, MANUALS AND HANDOUTS PRODUCED BY SMUSDP43
Reports, Manuals and Handouts Produced by SMUSDP
Financial Management - Reports and Manuals 1. Dharan CFMIP Action Plan 2. Janakpur CFMIP Action Plan 3. Siddharthanagar CFMIP Action Plan 4. Nepalgunj CFMIP Action Plan 5. Financial Management Training Needs Assessment and Capacity Development Plan 6. Internal Audit Guidelines (English and Nepali versions) 7. Budgeting Application Format (Excel format) 8. Gratuity Calculation Format (Excel format) 9. Public Awareness Campaign (PAC) Plans, (all 4 project municipalities)
Urban Planning - Reports and Manuals 10. Updated Building Planning Bylaw (2070) Packages including Land Use Maps for each of the four municipalities 11. Updated Building Permit Application Form for each of the four municipalities. 12. Copies of City Council Approval documents for the BPB in all four municipalities 13. Copy of Application Check List for Building permit requests 14. Action Plan for Bylaw and Code Implementation and Enforcement
GMIS - Reports and Manuals 300-01 GIS Capacity Assessment Report 300-02a Report on Preparation of GIS-based Digital Base Map and Creating Urban Database of Dharan Municipality 300-02b Report on Preparation of GIS-based Digital Base Map and Creating Urban Database of Janakpur Municipality 300-02c Report on Preparation of GIS-based Digital Base Map and Creating Urban Database of Nepalgunj Municipality 300-02d Report on Preparation of GIS-based Digital Base Map and Creating Urban Database of Siddharthanagar Municipality 300-03 Land Registration Record Management System Operation Manual 300-04 Socio-economic Survey Questionnaire (Nepali) 300-05 Socio-economic Survey Field Guideline (Nepali) 300-06a Metric Addressing System Manual for Dharan Municipality 300-06b Metric Addressing System Manual for Janakpur Municipality 300-06c Metric Addressing System Manual for Nepalgunj 300-06d Metric Addressing System Manual for Siddharthanagar 300-07a GIS-based Municipal Information System (GMIS) Manual for Dharan Municipality 300-07b GIS-based Municipal Information System (GMIS) Manual for Janakpur Municipality 300-07c GIS-based Municipal Information System (GMIS) Manual for Nepalgunj Municipality 300-07d GIS-based Municipal Information System (GMIS) Manual for Siddharthanagar Municipality 300-08 Guidelines for Implementing GMIS 300-09 GMIS System Security Manual 300-10 GIS & Municipal Information System, Exercise Manual 300-11 Final Report on Capacity Building Training on Addressing System in Four Municipalities 300-12 Action Plan for Implementing Metric Addressing System 300-13 On-the-Job & Class Room Training Summary Report
43 These documents can be found in the CD-ROM accompanying this report.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-1 Final Report – April 2014
ANNEX B: APPROVAL OF BUILDING & PLANNING BYLAWS
Building and Planning Bylaws Dharan Municipality 2056 BS (Amended 2070 BS)
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-2 Final Report – April 2014
Dharan Municipality Sunsary, Nepal 2070
Background
Urbanisation of Dharan municipality is clearly visible in the context of rapid urbanization of Nepal. Based on the urbanization of the last decades, it is essential to regulate it.
Among various components of planned urban development, construction and planning bylaws is one of the important policies. Prepared such bylaws with public participation can result in liveable, efficient and beautiful city with guided framework. Such bylaws make the city healthy, beautiful and safe.
Such prepared bylaws will definitely help to achieve the goal set in Dharan Municipal’s long term development planning entitled “education, health, tourism and business infrastructures for multi-cultural and residential rich city.” With the technical support from Asian Development Bank, the municipality has decided to implement the revised the earlier bylaws with community’s participation as per time requirement, which was decided by the city council on 19th Paush 2070 BS. This revised/updated bylaws is termed as ‘Building and planning bylaws 2070.”
In connection to this, the upgradation also includes the assistance to the applicants using the existing forms for building construction permit.
Thanks are extended to all the Dharan city dwellers, Department of Urban Development and Building Construction including Asian Development Bank which provided technical support for this revised bylaws.
……………………………………………. Bhoj Raj Khatiwada Executive Officer, Dharan Municipality
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Table of Contents 1. Introduction ...... 5 1.1 Title of bylaws ...... 5 1.2 Jurisdiction of bye-laws ...... 5 1.3 Implementation of bye-laws ...... 5 1.4 Amendment of bye-laws ...... 5 1.5 Administration associated bye-laws ...... 5 1.6 Definitions ...... 5 2. Planning bylaws ...... 9 2.1 Land use zone ...... 10 2.2 Main Commercial zone ...... 10 2.3 Residential and commercial zone ...... 10 2.4 Residential zone ...... 11 2.5 Health zone ...... 11 2.6 Religious and touristic zone ...... 12 2.7 Tourist recreation zone ...... 12 2.8 Industrial zone ...... 13 2.9 Institutional zone ...... 13 2.10 Environmental sensitive zone ...... 13 2.11 Minimum area of the plot ...... 14 2.12 Access road for movement ...... 14 2.13 Right of Way (ROW) ...... 14 2.14 Set back ...... 15 2.15 Provision of parking ...... 15 2.16 Setback required from river and canal ...... 16 2.17 Provision on land development (plotting) ...... 16 2.17.1 Street width ...... 16 2.17.2 Plot area 16 2.17.3 Open space (except road) ...... 16 2.17.4 Infrastructure and services ...... 16 2.17.5 Sub division of land ...... 16 2.17.6 Prohibition area for land development ...... 17 2.18 Public and government lands ...... 17 3. Building bylaws ...... 17 3.1 Height from floor to ceiling ...... 17 3.2 No. of storey ...... 17 3.3 3.3 Provision of windows ...... 18 3.4 Chhaja (protection from sun and rain)...... 18 3.5 Building height ...... 18 3.6 Basement floor plan ...... 18 3.6.1 Required provisions on basement floor plan ...... 18 3.7 Plinth ...... 19 3.8 Differently-able friendly ...... 19 4. Nepal National Building Code ...... 19 5. Infrastructure and services ...... 19 5.1 Drainage ...... 19 5.2 Sewerage ...... 19 5.3 Water and drainage ...... 19
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5.4 Septic tank ...... 20 5.5 Drinking water ...... 20 5.6 Electricity ...... 20 5.7 Solid waste ...... 20 6. Miscellaneous ...... 20 6.1 Compound wall ...... 20 6.2 Hoarding board ...... 20 6.3 Special type of buildings ...... 20 6.4 Old building ...... 21 6.5 Design consultant ...... 21 6.6 Use of public spaces ...... 21 6.7 Cancellation of registration of industry ...... 21 6.8 Green house/shelter ...... 22 6.9 Change in building use ...... 22 6.10 Road categorisation ...... 22 7. Additional provisions ...... 22
List of tables
Table 1 Maximum permissible ground coverage and FAR in the main business area Table 2 Maximum permissible ground coverage in residential and commercial areas Table 3 Maximum permissible ground coverage in residential area Table 4 Maximum permissible ground coverage in health zone Table 5 Maximum permissible ground coverage in religious touristic zone Table 6 Maximum permission ground coverage in industrial zone Table 7 Maximum permission ground coverage in institutional zone Table 8 Maximum permission ground coverage in sensitive zone Table 9 Set back requirement as per type of buildings Table 10 Street width in the land developed/plotted area Table 11 No. of building storey based on width of road Table 12 Business activities on allowed, not allowed and special permission in land use area
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-5 Final Report – April 2014
1. INTRODUCTION
For achievement of planned development goal through improvements in beautification of the city and improvement in environment, the building and planning bylaws has been taken as a basic tool for regulation of building construction and land use activities in those areas. These bylaws have been prepared considering city’s beautification, environment together with safety and security, health, sanitation including secrecy of the city.
1.1 Title of bylaws
These bye-laws shall be called “Dharan Municipal Building and Planning Bye-laws 2070.” 1.2 Jurisdiction of bye-laws The bye-laws shall be applicable within the jurisdiction of the Dharan municipality. 1.3 Implementation of bye-laws These bye-laws shall be implemented by Dharan municipality.
1.4 Amendment of bye-laws Dharan Municipal Council shall amend the bye-laws with the provision that Dharan Municipal Board can revise basic clauses as per needed. However, the existing ‘forest zone’ shall not be amended. 1.5 Administration associated bye-laws For any proposal, alteration or division of land, or physical development or construction work on any private, semi-government or government land or public land, the concerned applicant shall take permit from the municipality after registering the application in the specified format with required documents. 1.6 Definitions In these bye-laws, unless the context otherwise requires, the expressions given below shall have the meaning indicated against each of them.
(a) Access road: Any private or public road required for the access to plot or building.
(b) Development: Development means the carrying out of construction (permanent or temporary) or ongoing construction or change in land use in, or over land or part of it.
(c) Authorized person or agency: Any staff, officer or agency, nominated by Dharan municipality for implementation of part or whole of these bye-laws.
(d) Periodic plan: Municipality’s periodic plan as required by the Local Self Governance Act.
(e) Land use: Use of land for categorization
(f) Land use zone: Prescribed physical areas for regulation of land use.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-6 Final Report – April 2014
(g) Kitta: specified land area in the land ownership certificate under the registration of any person or institution.
(h) Building: Man made structure with foundation, wall, floor, masonry including roof for the purpose of residential, institutional, hotel, industry or recreation or for any other special use.
(i) Ground coverage: area covered on the land by the ground floor of the building (figure no. 1).
Figure no. 1. Area covered on the ground by the building floor
(j) Plot: total area of the plot for building construction with clear cut external boundaries.
(k) Plinth: the portion of a structure between the surface of the surrounding ground and surface of the floor immediately above the ground (figure no. 2).
Figure 2. Plinth
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-7 Final Report – April 2014
(l) Covered area: Area covered by building/buildings above the plinth level but does not include the space covered by
(i) Garden, well and well structures, nursery, water pool and fountain, open swimming pool, platform around a tree, tank, bench, slide, swing, and the like;
(ii) Culvert made for drain, small water drains, catch-pit, gully-pit, inception chamber gutter and the like;
(iii) Compound or boundary wall, un-storeyed porch, uncovered staircase, outer hanging window, projection from masonry covered by roof, and the like;
(iv) Pump house, waste disposal area, electric transformer and sub-station and the like providing services; and
(v) Un-storeyed porch, ramp and underground water tank.
Figure no. 3. Covered area
(j) Height of the building: vertical distance measured from the average level of the site to the top of the roof. In case the roof is sloped, it will be distance between the average level of the site to the average level of the sloped roof (figure no. 4).
Figure 4. Height of the building
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-8 Final Report – April 2014
(k) Height from floor to ceiling: Vertical distance measured between the finished floor to finished ceiling. In case the ceiling is sloped, it will be measured from floor to average level of ceiling (figure no. 5).
Figure 5. Height from floor to ceiling
(l) Septic tank: on site urinal and excreta tank built during building construction based on the technical design as per number of users.
(m) Set back: distance to be left from the boundary of the plot for construction of building (figure no. 6).
Figure 6. Set back line
(n) Construction line: distance to be left from the boundary of the plot while constructing building or any other structure within the plot.
(o) Cul de sac: street with dead end.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-9 Final Report – April 2014
(p) Floor area ratio (FAR): Ratio of total areas of all the floors of the building to area of the plot.
FAR = total area of all the floors of the building/ total area of the plot
The following part of the building shall not be counted in FAR.
Basement and semi-basement floors used for activities other than residential and commercial purposes; Staircase coverage on the upper part (without any room); Lift machine room; Compound wall, main gate, un-stored porch, uncovered staircase, ramp, underground water tank, open swimming pool, etc.
(q) Feature or style: feature depicting by the building height, construction material, roof, window, balcony, and cornice.
(r) Balcony: a horizontal cantilever projection outside the wall including a handrail or balustrade to serve as passage of sitout place.
(s) Basement: the lowest storey of the building which is either totally below the ground level or project up to 1.2m above the average ground level.
(t) Special type of buildings: star hotel, cinema house, convention hall, multiplex, shopping complex, super market, small cottage industry, larger industry, vehicle repairing centre, private nursing home, poly-clinic, hospital, petrol pump, etc.
(u) Institution building: education, government, semi government, non-government organization buildings
(v) Green building/housing: building having one or more of the following components.
(i) Environmental friendly and use of sustainable building materials;
(ii) Use of passive solar energy and energy efficient technology;
(iii) Provisions of rain water harvesting, water conservation equipment and drainage;
(iv) Provision of solid waste management or reuse;
(v) Provisions of plantation, garden (either on the ground or on roof), kitchen garden;
2. PLANNING BYLAWS
Any person or institution who intends to construct building or change in use of land or carryout land development shall give an application to municipality in the form set forth. The municipality shall take following action on such application.
(a) Approve without any condition; (b) If necessary approve with condition, and (c) Reject the application.
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In case of approval with condition or rejection of the application, reasons behind such actions are also mentioned in the decision.
2.1 Land use zone Dharan municipality has been divided into the following land use zones to ensure urban development in a planned way (Map no.1). The planning bylaws for these zones shall be as defined below. The permissible commercial and other activities in such divided land use zones shall be as per Table 12. The municipality reserves its right to give permission or rejection or special permission in activities that are not mentioned in Table 12 or as per nature of uses.
2.2 Main Commercial zone
Major business activities and transactions shall be encouraged in this zone. Keeping ‘Bhanu Chowk’ at the centre, the followings areas are included in this zone. All the plots 30m from the edge of the following road are included in this zone (see Map no. 1). (a) Putali lines, Shiva Chandra chowk, and up to Khahare; (b) Deshi line, up to Macha bhaudi; (c) Mahendra path and up to Chata chowk; (d) Buddha marga and up to tin dwang; (e) Narenda path; (f) Roads touching from Chata chowk to Bhanu chowk like Ratna road, College road, Geeta mandir path; (g) From Singha devi chowk to Laxmi chowk via Kavi pathik Chowk; (h) From Singha devi chowk to South Macha bhaudi chowk.
The maximum ground coverage and FAR permissible in this land use zone as per use of building and area of the plot shall be as per Table 1.
Table 1. Ground coverage and FAR allowed in different land use zones
S. No. Type of building Plot area Ground FAR coverage 1 Residential building Upton 10 dhur 90% 3.75 Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85% 3.50 dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80% 3.25 2 Residential and Upton 10 dhur 90% 5.0 commercial Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85% 4.5 building dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80% 4.0 3 Institutional building Greater than 3 katha 60% 4.0 4 Hotel/commercial Greater than 3 katha 70% 5.0 building 1 dhur=16.93 sqm, 1 kattha=338.63 sqm
2.3 Residential and commercial zone
Residential activities mixed with commercial activities shall dominate this zone. The use and purpose of the building shall be as per Table 12. The following areas are included in this zone (see Map no. 1).
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(a) From Chhata chowk to Sainik camp of Dharan 13; (b) From Chata chowk to west Swastik chowk and Mangalbare chowk; (c) From Sainik chowk to Kalyan chowk; (d) Upto 200m from Chatara marga keeping Railway chowk at the centre; (e) From Bhote pule of Dharan 7 to up to 100m inside of Ratna chowk via Dhankute road.
The permissible ground coverage as per building use and plot area in this land use zone shall be as per Table 2. The maximum permissible building height for this zone shall be as per Table 2.
Table 2. Maximum permissible ground coverage in residential and commercial zone
S. N. Type of building Plot area Ground coverage (%) 1 Residential building Upton 10 dhur 90 Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85 dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80 2 Residential and commercial Upton 10 dhur 90 building Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85 dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80 3 Institutional building Greater than 3 katha 60 4 Hotel/commercial building Greater than 3 katha 70
2.4 Residential zone In this zone, there shall be domination of residential activities. This land use zoning shall be applicable in the areas shown in Map no.1. The permissible ground coverage as per use of building and plot area in this land use zone shall be as per Table 3. The maximum building height in this zone shall be as per Table 12.
Table 3. Maximum permissible ground coverage in residential zone
S. N. Type of building Plot area Ground coverage (%) 1 Residential building Upton 10 dhur 90 Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85 dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80 2 Residential and commercial Upton 10 dhur 90 building Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85 dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80 3 Institutional building Greater than 3 katha 50 4 Hotel/commercial building Greater than 3 katha 60
2.5 Health zone B. P. Memorial Health Science Academy and its peripheral areas lie within this zone (see Map no. 1).
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(a) All plots touching within 30 m from Munamadam path of east Dharan 19; (b) All plots touching within 30m from Adarshamarga Singami chowk in west; (c) All plots touching within 30m from Buddha chowk of Camp road of Dharan 18 in north;
The permissible ground coverage as per use of building and plot area in this land use zone shall be as per Table 4. The maximum building height in this zone shall be as per Table 12.
Table 4. Maximum permissible ground coverage in health zone
S. N. Type of building Plot area Ground coverage 1 Residential building Up to 10 dhur 90% Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85% dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80% 2 Residential and commercial Upto 10 dhur 90% building Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85% dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80% 3 Institutional building Greater than 3 katha 60% 4 Hotel/commercial building Greater than 3 katha 70%
2.6 Religious and touristic zone
Areas in Bijayapur region of ward no. 14 lies in this zone (see Map no. 1). Conservation and preservation of traditional monuments is required. Buildings and other structures to be built in this region shall be as per framework of Bijayapur Master Plan. In addition to these, buildings and structures to be built in this zone shall reflect the traditional character and features. The permissible ground coverage as per use of the building and plot area shall be as per Table 5. The maximum building height in this zone shall be as per Table 12.
Table 5. Maximum permissible ground coverage in religious and touristic zone
S. N. Type of building Plot area Ground coverage 1 Residential building Upton 10 dhur 90% Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85% dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80% 2 Residential and commercial Upton 10 dhur 90% building Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85% dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80% 3 Institutional building Greater than 3 katha 50% 4 Hotel/commercial building Greater than 3 katha 60% 5 Religious, cultural and Greater than 3 katha 50% traditional building
2.7 Tourist recreation zone This zone includes the land of Saptarangi of Dharan 17 (occupied by other agencies such as Association of Magar, Association of Rai, etc. given for use at present), forest of Dharan Pancha Kanya, Yelambar Park of Dharan 8, Greenary community forest of Dharan 19, Udaya community forest of Dharan 17, Bhajghara community forest, public land of ghatte
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-13 Final Report – April 2014 gairkulo, Shikhar bash danda (north of military camp) (see Map no. 1). Except for touristic and recreational activities, this zone is not allowed for other uses. Also, the maximum height of the construction in this zone shall be as per Table 12. 2.8 Industrial zone This zone includes the Nilima marga on the north, Gangalal marga on the east, Shakti chowk on the west including the existing industrial areas (see the Map no. 1). The permissible ground coverage as per use of building and plot area in this land use zone shall be as per Table 6 and the maximum number of floors allowed shall be as per Table 12.
Table 6. Maximum permissible ground coverage in industrial zone
S. No. Type of building Plot area Ground coverage 1 Residential building Up to 10 dhur 90% Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85% dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80% 2 Residential and Up to 10 dhur 90% commercial building Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85% dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80% 3 Institutional building Greater than 3 katha 60% 4 Hotel/commercial building Greater than 3 katha 70% 5 Small cottage, large Greater than 3 katha 65% industry, motor repairing centre
2.9 Institutional zone This zone covers the area from Surya marga to Dharn Dhankuta highway via Phurse chowk (see the Map no. 1). The permissible ground coverage as per use of the building and plot area shall be as per Table 7and the maximum building height shall be as per Table 12.
Table 7. Maximum permissible ground coverage in institutional zone
S. No. Type of building Plot area Ground coverage 1 Residential building Up to 10 dhur 90% Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85% dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80% 2 Residential and Upto 10 dhur 90% commercial building Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 85% dhur Greater than 30 dhur 80% 3 Institutional building Greater than 3 katha 60% 4 Hotel/commercial Greater than 3 katha 70% building
2.10 Environmental sensitive zone Floor vulnerable areas along the riverbanks, areas vulnerable to land slide, weak geological area and watershed area are included in this zone. This zone includes Nirajan settlement, Panchakanya forest, Sardu watershed area (see in Map no. 1). The permissible ground coverage as per use of building and plot area in this land use zone shall be as per Table 8 and the maximum building height shall be as per Table 12.
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Table 8. Maximum permissible ground coverage in environmental sensitive zone
S. No. Type of building Plot area Ground coverage 1 Residential building Up to 10 dhur 75% Greater than 10 dhur and up to 30 dhur 60% Greater than 30 dhur 55%
2.11 Minimum area of the plot (a) The minimum area of the plot/land for construction of building in main commercial zone and residential and commercial zone shall be 50.80 sq. m (3 dhur).
(b) The minimum area of the plot/land for construction of building in areas other than residential and commercial zone shall be 84.66 sq. m. (5 dhur).
(c) Such minimum plot area provision shall not be applicable in those plots and lands that have been subdivided before the enforcement of these bylaws.
(d) The minimum area of the plot/land shall be minimum area of 3 katha (1015.89 sqm) for those buildings prescribed as special type.
(e) The minimum frontage of the plot in the main commercial zone shall be 4.5m. Any evidence produced of land subdivision before the enforcement of these bye-laws shall follow accordingly.
(f) The minimum frontage of the plot in residential cum commercial zone shall be 7.5m.
(g) The minimum frontage of the plot in residential zone shall be 9.0m. Any evidence produced of land subdivision before the enforcement of these bye-laws shall follow accordingly. 2.12 Access road for movement a) Any land or plot or house shall be connected to either private or public road.
b) None of the building construction is allowed that encroach the access road kept for movement or reduces the area of the access road.
c) The minimum width of the proposed street leading to the proposed plot for building construction shall be as per follows:
4.25m in case there is no thorough access; 6.25m in case there is a thorough access.
d) Cul-de-sac shall be possible without extending the length of road 60m. The minimum area for the cul-de-sac shall be of 250 sq. m.
The minimum street width for the entry to special type or institutional building shall be of 6.25m.
2.13 Right of Way (ROW)
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(a) The right of way (ROW) of various roads in different wards within municipal area shall be as per Annex – I.
(b) The right of way of newly opened roads within Dharan municipality shall be of minimum 6m.
(c) This clause of Right of Way shall not be applicable to those buildings which were built before the enforcement of these bye-laws and got permit from municipality. However, for reconstruction of these buildings or addition of storey in the old structures, approved by the municipality, the existing right of way shall be applicable.
(d) In case the road width is wider than the specified Right of Way, permission for the construction of building shall be given only after leaving the specified setback from the edge of such roads.
2.14 Set back (a) After Right of Way, for construction of any building requires at least 1m set back.
(b) Upon adjoining the proposed plot to public land, any construction work requires at least 1m set back from the edge of such plot.
(c) For keeping doors and windows, there shall be at least 1m set back.
(d) If there is a road or public land towards the wall without door and windows, there shall be at least 1m set back from the edge of ROW or public land.
(e) Except the case of facing towards the public land and road, any construction without doors and windows shall be possible in the remaining sides. However, no construction carried out up to the property line shall be allowed to have ventilation, grill, glass and so on.
(f) Within the set back, no construction such as balcony, open staircase shall be allowed outside the masonry wall.
(g) The set back requirement shall be as per type of building as shown in Table 9.
Table 9. Set back requirement as per type of building
S. N. Type of building Minimum set back Front Back or left and right 1 Educational building 3m 3m 2 Institutional building 3m 3m 3 Convention centre, cinema hall, star hotel 12m 6m 4 (Super market, etc.) 2m 2m 5 Hotel/Lodge 2m 2m
2.15 Provision of parking (a) At least 15% of the total land shall be allocated for parking in special type of building (except in residential and small cottage industry).
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(b) In vehicle repair related industry, 25% of the land shall be allocated for parking.
(c) While changing the use or occupancy of building, all provision including land for parking shall be ensured for new uses. 2.16 Setback required from river and canal Any permanent construction on the land joining river and main canal shall be permitted with the following set back.
(a) From river edge 10m
(b) From the boundary of cancal and stream 3m
2.17 Provision on land development (plotting) Any individual or agency willing to do land development shall follow the following by-laws.
2.17.1 Street width
The street width shall have defined based on the total area of the land development/plotting as per Table 10.
Table 10. Street width in the land developed/plotting area
Plot area Street width (m) Main road Secondary road Up to 5 katha 6 4.26 Greater than 5 katha and up to 10 katha 7.30 4.26 Greater than 10 katha 9 6
2.17.2 Plot area
(a) Minimum frontage: 7m
(b) Minimum area: 85 sq. m. (5 dhur)
2.17.3 Open space (except road)
S.N. Land Development Area Open space % 1 From 3386.32 sq. m. to less than 10,159 sq. m. (from 10 5 katha to less than 30 katha 2 From 10,159 sq. m. to less than 20,318 sq. m. (from 30 3.5 katha to less than 60 katha): 3 Greater than 20,318 sq. m. sq. m. (less than 60 katha): 2.5
2.17.4 Infrastructure and services
Any individual or agency willing to develop land shall submit the detail plan of the infrastructure and services like road, drinking water, electricity, telecommunication, drainage and so on.
2.17.5 Sub division of land
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While sub dividing the land, it shall not be allowed to sub divide smaller than defined in the bye-laws.
2.17.6 Prohibition area for land development
Except the case for property division, boundary adjustment, implementation of the court directive, Land Development is prohibited in the following area.
(a) Inside 400m from Dantakali temple area in Ward no 14 of Dharan; (b) Inside 400m from Buddha subba temple; (c) Except the technical directive, land plotting shall not be allowed in sloped land of Dharan 14, forest area, Sarang area of Dharan 13 and area defined for water shed.
2.18 Public and government lands Following provisions are made for public lands and lands exchanged for public lands located in the following areas.
(a) The open space at ward no. 4 of Dharan at Adarsha marga and west of Nandalal Shah’s plot shall be encircled with boundary wall for the use of municipality by preparing municipal action plan.
(b) The land located at Udaya marga in ward no. 13 of Dharan and Bal Bikash School shall be secured by encircling the boundary after leaving the area covered by the school. In case if there is a proposal for road, 3m from the ‘numbari’ land and other 3m from ‘yelani’ shall be allocated to make 6m wide road and the remaining land shall be secured.
(c) The provision of the land located in ward no. 13 from west stream to west side shall be as per clause no. a.
(d) Except the land used by squatters and 3m land allocated for road by the municipality, the remaining land at ‘Sholing settlement’ in Dharan 11 shall be secured.
(e) Except the forest towards the Udaya marga in Dharan 17, if proposal for road registration is received, it shall be dealt as per clause a.
3. BUILDING BYLAWS
Any individual, public or semi-public agency or private organization willing to construct building within municipal area shall apply to municipality with drawings of the proposed buildings in specified format in order to get the building permit. In order to secure safe and strong building, healthy environment without adverse impact to neighbours during building construction, provision as per following points besides the clauses mentioned in Nepal Building Code shall be followed. 3.1 Height from floor to ceiling Height from floor to ceiling for residential use shall be minimum of 3.0m. 3.2 No. of storey
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Except for main business/commercial area, number of building storey in other land use zones shall be defined on the basis of width of the road as per Table 11.
Table 11: Width of road and number of story S. No. Width of road (m) Number 1 Less than 4.25m 2 2 4.25 3 3 6.25 5 4 9.15 6 5 15.20 9 6 22.00 14
3.3 Provision of windows None of the windows (for light and ventilation) shall be allowed on the side where the prescribed setback from the plot boundary is left.
3.4 Chhaja (protection from sun and rain)
(a) For protection from the Sun and rain, a ‘chattja’ of maximum 0.45m is allowed within the setback. Such ‘chattja’ shall not be used as balcony or for other provision.
(b) Chajjas possible in various conditions as mentioned above shall not be allowed to use as room.
3.5 Building height The vertical distance measured from the average ground level/plot level to the topmost part of the building (see the Figure no. 4). In the case of pitched roof, the average level of the sloped roof shall be considered. Parapet wall up to 1m or 2.5m height wall constructed on the topmost floor for covering staircase, lift machine room, water tank shall not be considered in building height. However, any proposal with provision of room along with staircase covering shall be considered in building height.
3.6 Basement floor plan 3.6.1 Required provisions on basement floor plan
The following provisions are required on basement floor.
(a) The minimum height of the basement floor shall be of 2.1m.
(b) There shall be provision of sufficient ventilation.
(c) There shall be no ground water leakage on the basement floor. Walls and floors of basement shall be constructed as water proof. Sufficient provisional shall be taken for protection of dampness.
(d) Separate entry shall be provided for basement floor. Buildings having more than one staircase, such staircase act as a fire separator between the basement and upper floors.
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(e) For construction of basement and semi-basement structural drawings along with provisions of light and ventilation shall be submitted to municipality for permit.
(f) Even for basement/semi-basement, provisions like ground coverage, building construction line shall be applicable. 3.7 Plinth The plinth level from the plot shall be minimum of 45cm.
3.8 Differently-able friendly Institution and special type of buildings shall be differently-able friendly.
4. NEPAL NATIONAL BUILDING CODE
For construction of any building, the Nepal National Building Code approved by the government of Nepal on 12/4/2060 BS shall be followed.
5. INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES
Only for those buildings constructed as per municipal’s approval shall be recommended to the concerned agencies for availing services. Only after receiving recommendation from the municipality, the concerned agencies shall install services. For any new building or changes in the existing building, there shall be following provisions related to services. 5.1 Drainage (a) The rain water inside the plot shall be connected to the drainage if there is a provision of drainage at a certain distance, fixed by municipality from the proposed plot. Such connection shall be as per specified by the municipality or the concerned agency.
(b) Any kind of solid waste or poisonous matter shall not be mixed in surface drainage.
5.2 Sewerage (a) Any building without toilet shall not be permitted.
(b) Toilet and septic tank shall be connected to sewer line, if it is up to 30m distance from the plot. If there is no sewer line in this distance, septic tank and soak-pit shall be provided. The connection to sewer line shall be as per specification prescribed by the concerned agency.
(c) Construction of septic tank and soak-pit shall not be allowed within right of way. Such construction shall left 1m set back from plot boundary.
5.3 Water and drainage (a) Any kind of construction shall not stop the existing water and drainage system. (b) Waste and used water from houses shall not be allowed to be left over on public road. (c) The rain water from the roof shall be drained out to ground land through provision of rain water pipes.
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5.4 Septic tank Provision of septic tank is essential while constructing buildings.
5.5 Drinking water (a) Underground water tank shall not be allowed to construct in right of way and set back left.
(b) The drinking water pipe connection shall be as per specified by the concerned agency. 5.6 Electricity (a) If the electricity line is nearby from the proposed building/plot, it shall be carried out as per provision of electricity authority.
(b) Provision as per guidelines of the concerned authority shall be followed for high rise buildings to protect them from lightning.
5.7 Solid waste (a) Individuals shall manage themselves solid waste generated from their houses.
(b) Solid waste shall be dumped in the specified area only, fixed by the concerned agency.
(c) Solid waste shall be disposed after separating bio-degradable and non-degradable as per clause 6 of Solid Waste Management Act 2068.
6. MISCELLANEOUS
6.1 Compound wall (a) Any compound wall shall be approved if it is up to 2m high from the central level of the front road.
(b) The municipality can also approve the compound wall higher than 2m after reviewing its requirement, nature and uses.
(c) The compound wall shall be constructed from the edge of the right of way. However, other infrastructure either temporary or permanent type shall not be connected or constructed to such compound wall.
6.2 Hoarding board Any type of hoarding board shall be allowed only after taking permission from the municipality.
6.3 Special type of buildings The following clauses together with the guidelines of the concerned agencies shall be followed for the construction of petrol pump and other special type of buildings.
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(a) The submission of evidence of the registration in municipality together with involvement of one engineer shall be compulsory.
(b) Provision of lift is necessary.
(c) The report of soil test is essential.
(d) Permission from the municipality is required if there is a change in already permitted use. Also, permission from the municipality is essential for converting use of residential building into other purpose viz. community buildings such as school, office, etc.
(e) If land subdivision is required in already built plot, Land Revenue office and survey department shall take recommendation from either concerned agency or Dharan municipality. While giving such recommendation, ground coverage and set back requirements prescribed in the bylaws shall be taken into consideration.
6.4 Old building While constructing new building by dismantling old structure, the ground coverage shall be as per existing bylaws. 6.5 Design consultant
(a) Building designer shall supervise during construction time and designer’s recommendation that the building was constructed as per design shall be required while applying to municipality for receiving the completion report. Moreover, the building owner shall ensure the authority of supervision.
(b) In the context of providing building completion certificate, if the building is not as per approved design, the designer’s registration shall be cancelled and such person is liable for action as per prevailing rule and regulation.
6.6 Use of public spaces Any sort of material particularly of construction material for storage and selling shall not be allowed in public road¸ footpath, courtyard and public open spaces. None of the materials shall be allowed to keep in the public space which disturbs movement of general people and adverse impact on neighbours. 6.7 Cancellation of registration of industry
a) Industries running in not permitted areas shall be processed for cancellation of industry registration. Such industries shall be ordered for shifting.
b) Any kind of industry shall be not allowed run in public land. However, the municipality shall give special permission if public agency or any other similar organisations are willing to run industry.
c) In case the neighbours file complains during the running of the industry and if there is no consensus/agreement, or if the existing industries do not fulfil the guidelines, such industries shall be processed for cancellation through coordination with the concerned agency.
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6.8 Green house/shelter
a) Priority shall be given to construction of greenhouse as per policy framed by Green House Program.
b) Special concession in building permit fee and facility during the building construction shall be considered for those applications, which have fulfilled the above mentioned criteria.
c) Special tax concession in property tax as specified by the municipality is liable for the applications, which have considered above mentioned green components in already constructed buildings.
6.9 Change in building use Pre-approval is required for change in use in any building. For this, change in use of building shall be granted with applying related land use provisions.
6.10 Road categorisation The roads of this municipality have been categorised as follows as set by Department of Road and Department of Urban Development and Building Construction.
(a) Highway
(b) Arterial road
(c) Connector road
(d) Feeder road
(e) Access road
7. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS
(a) For construction of any permanent nature (except specified by municipality as temporary), the drawing and design shall be as per Nepal National Building Code and submitted through technical persons registered in Dharan municipality.
(b) For any structure of three story or higher than 11m or greater than 305 sq.m. area covering any floor, structural drawing with recommendation from the engineers registered in Dharan municipality along with design drawing is required to get permit for such buildings.
(c) Earthquake safety design shall be incorporated in structural design while applying for building permit in those buildings which are higher than 5 storey and other specified buildings as necessary by municipality. In such construction, provisions of fire safety and lift shall also be included. Also, structural drawing submission with recommendation from the engineers, registered in Dharan municipality is required.
(d) Structural designer shall take the responsibility of the structural design in application that includes structural drawing and drawing.
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(e) The municipality shall implement additional special provisions in sensitive areas within municipality for safety reason.
(f) If the concern agencies associated with religious and touristic zone have separate bylaws, they are also to be followed.
(g) The building permit shall be given on the basis of consensus in the following areas where the measurement of road boundary is difficult: Jesis road of Ward no 3 in Dharan, Bus park area (main bus park, Dhankuttey bus park and upper bus station) of ward no. 6 in Dharan.
(h) While constructing buildings, cantilever, entry stair, septic tank, water tank and staircase shall not be allowed to construct in public road and specified setback from the roadside.
(i) The following provisions shall be applicable for the change and addition of floor in already constructed buildings as per Right of Way after establishment of Dharan Town Development Committee and before the enforcement of Building and Planning bylaws 2056.
(i) Permission for addition of floor shall be granted as per report submitted by technical and consultant, implementing the existing Right of Ways of Road;
(ii) Permission shall be granted as per provision in Nepal National Building Code 2056.
(j) While constructing the boundary, either temporary or permanent in plots joining to public lands, permission similar to building permit shall be taken.
(k) While putting any sort of tower on the roof top, recommendation from the technical person on structural safety is essential.
(l) Recommendation from Department of Urban Development and Building Construction, Divisional Office is required while applying for building permit of schools and hospitals.
(m) Only after recommendation from structural engineer, high rise building construction shall be permitted in the area identified by Department of Geology and Mine as weak geological area.
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Table 12. Business activities: approved, rejected and special permit in land use zone
S. Land use Main Residential/ Residential Health Religious Industrial Touristic/ Institutional Environment Remarks No. zone business commercial and recreation zone al sensitive zone zone touristic zone zone 1 Residential √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 2 Residential / √ √ O O O X X √ X commercial 3 Hotel /lodge √ √ √ √ √ X √ O X 4 Institutional O √ √ O O O √ O 5 Government √ √ O O O O √ X and semi- government 6 Nursing O O O √ X O X home and poly clinic 7 Cinema hall √ √ O X X X X X X 8 Convention √ O X O X X O X hall 9 Small X X O X O √ X X X Horse cottage power industry basis 10 L:arge X X X X X √ X X X industry 11 Motor repair X O O X X O X X X industry 12 Slugter X O O X X X X X O Area to be house specified 13 Multiple √ √ X X X √ X X X shopping mall Note: shall be permitted √, Shall not be permitted X, Special permit possible from municipality O
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Annex I: Right of Way (ROW)
Ward no. 1
S. No. Name of the road From Up to Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Prithi path Singhadevi path Redcross 50 2 Shikhar path Redcross building Amarhat 50 marga 3 Mahananda Prithi path 24 marga 4 Shiddicharan Prithi path Main road 14 marga 5 Palikhe marga Prithi path Main road 14 6 Shairyegja B. Prithi path 20 Marga 7 Shikhar tole Shikhar tole Khahare 14 Both inclined and vertical 8 Gopal marga Prithi path 14
Ward No. 2
S. No. Name of the road From Up to Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Geeta temple path Tribhuvan path Mahendra 24 path 2 Ratna road Tribhuvan path Mahendra 30 path 3 Singha devi path Singha devi chowk Chata 30 chowk 4 Gokul road Tribhuvan path Mahendra 14 Gokul path market 5 Tribhuvan path Singhadevi path Chinaya 50 chowk 6 Bhagwat road Geeta temple path Ratna road 14 Below Geeta temple 7 Niketan road Ghantaghar Ratna road 20 8 Meri goldpath Tribhuvan path Chandrapur 6 bazzar
Ward No. 3
S. No. Name of the road From Up to Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Kailash path Macha bhaudi Chinaya 50 chowk 2 Sadan road Macha bhaudi Sadan 50 school 3 Jalpa road Jiniya chowk Sadan 30 school 4 Shanti path Macha bhaudi 15 milan 30 path 5 Babadham marga Jalpa road Turke kholse 30 6 Chandra galli Shopping complex Meri gold 20 school 7 Bhanu smrith path Sadan road Shanti path 20
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-26 Final Report – April 2014
(ka) 8 Shree path Kailash path Sadan road 20 9 Jesis road Tribhuvan path Gaudhara 24 Shopping complex north 10 Dhovan line Macha bhaudi Shanti path 24 Bhaudi east 11 Bhanu smrithi path Bhanu smriti Kholsi 14 Inclined and (kha) separated from that towards north 10 12 Mani sundar path Sadan road North 14 13 Mani sundar path Sadan road North 14 14 Turkey valley Sadan road Jalpa road 14 Chaubishey chowk 15 Jalpa road loop Jalpa road Babadham 6 As per marga cadastral map 16 Chaubisey path Sadan road Jalpa road 14 17 Shree path Sadan road Bhanu smriti 14 path 18 Bhrikuti pakha (ka) Chandrapur bazzar Pakho 8 feet 19 Bhrikuti pakha Chandrapur bazzar Pakho 14 Jhigu samaj (kha) north 20 Babadham marga Babadham North west 8 feet Anath pakho loop 21 Babadham marga Babadham North west 8 feet loop 22 Chandrapur Chandrapur bazzar Turke 14 Without bazzar loop reduction on cadastral map 23 Babadham marga Babadham North pakho 8 Pakho loop 24 Jalpa road loop Jalpa road 8 In front of Chaubisey office
Ward no. 4
S. Name of the From Up to Approved Remarks No. road bylaws (feet) 1 Laxmi road Chata chowk Laxmi 50 chowk 2 Bhupi marga Laxmi road West 30 Khahare 3 Mahananda Laxmi road West ? marga Khahare 4 Siddhicharan Laxmi road West ? marga Khahare 5 Siddhicharan Siddhicharan marga Mahananda ? marga marga 6 Adarsha marga Laxmi road West 20 Khahare 7 Shahid Yegba Laxmi road West 20 Balika mukha marga Khahare 8 San marga Laxmi road West 24 Khahare 9 Pankaj marga Laxmi road West 14
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-27 Final Report – April 2014
Khahare 10 Satya shai marga Laxmi road West 14 Khahare 11 Oso marga Satya shai West 14 Khahare 12 Deep Krishna Laxmi road 14 marga 13 Palikhe marga Laxmi road Prithi path 14 Under Bhupi marga 14 Laxi road loop Laxmi road Prithi path 14 Bijaya pur school north 15 Laxmi road loop Laxmi road Bhupi via 14 khahare 16 Vishnu colony San marga Bhupi via 14 marga khahare 17 Mahalaxmi marga Laxmi road East Laxmi 14 Under Yegya road B. 18 Pankaj loop Prithi path 8 Infront of Brahmakumari 19 Bhupi marga loop Bhupt marga 14 Basnet’s land 20 Vishnu colony Towards 14 Madan Dhakal loop north and then east (both) 21 Kali road Laxmi road West closed 14 Khanal’s land
Ward no. 5
S. No. Name of the road From Up to Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Mahendra path Ghantghar Chata 50 whowk 2 Ratna road Tribhuvan path Mahendra 30 path 3 Geeta mandir Mahendra path Tribhuvan 24 path path 4 Gokul road Mahendra path Tribhuvan 14 Gokul market path 5 Mahendra path Mahendra path Gautam 14 In front of path Dharmashala
Ward no. 6
S. No. Name of the road From Up to Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Mahendra path Ghantaghar Old Tax office 50 and Buddha marga 2 Desi line Bhanu chowk Bhaudi 50 3 Putali line Bus park Boundary of Putali 50 line 4 Niketan road Niketan galli Mahendra path 20 5 Thovan line Macha bhaudi Shanti path 20 Khahare west 6 Narendra path Mahendra path Gautam path 20 7 Shanti path Buddha marga Bhaudi 24 8 Niketan galli Desi line Niketan school 14 9 Shanti path loop Shanti path Towards south and 14 Koshi garej
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-28 Final Report – April 2014
then east Dharan 7 10 Narendra path Narendra path Gautam path 14 Neupane loop west 11 Niketan chaur East West 14 New both sides (both) 12 Niketan chaur East Close 20
Ward no. 7
S. No. Name of the road From Up to Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Buddha marga Tax office South 72 Above that 50 feet 2 Sukra path Buddha marga Boundary of 30 15 3 Dhovan line Shanti path Sukra path 24 East of river 4 Shree Janga line Shanti path Boundary of 20 15 5 Govinda road Buddha marga Boundary of 20 15 6 Hamro line Buddha marga River 20 Shiddi newa 7 Shree Janga line south Closed 16 8 Govindra road loop Sukra path South 14 First of east of bridge 9 Govinda road loop Govinda road Sukra path 14 In front of Qupek 10 Himayati road Govinda road South river 14 11 Shree Jangline loop Shree Jangaline Sukra path 20 Near boundary of 15
Ward no. 8
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Camp road Tinkune B. P Camp 72 2 Ganga lal marga Family planning Tin kune 72 jungle 3 Ganga lal marga loop Ganga lal marga North 14 Below Nauli East 10 path 4 Ganga lal marga loop Ganga lal marga North 14 From Devi B.’s house 5 Nilima marga Ganga lal marga Durga path 40 6 Bhrikuti marga Gangalal marga Durga path 30 7 Bhrikuti marga loop Bhrikuti marga South east 30 Sangpang 8 Shiddartha marga Dhankuta road Camp road 30 9 Siddartha marga loop Siddhartha marga West 10 Below Khahare Jamula tole 10 Jamuna tole Shidartha marga Shahid 30 marga 11 Shahid ratna marga Himali marga Camp road 30 Without decreasing ????? 12 Shahid Ratna marga Shahid Ratna Towards 14 loop marga west and closed 13 Durga path Ganga lal marga Camp road 30
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-29 Final Report – April 2014
14 Durga path loop Durga path Srijana 8 marga 15 Durga path loop Durga path West 14 Below Khahare Niraula’s house 16 Himali marga Durga path River 14 Below aada 17 Kabir tole Shiddartha marga Buddha 24 marga 18 Kabir tole loop Shiddartha marga Buddha 20 marga 19 Kabir tole loop Kabir tole Himali 14 First marga 20 Kabir tole loop Kabir tole South 10 In front of B. closed S 21 Kabir tole loop Kabir tole south 6 feet Samakala 22 Sita tole (ka) Shiddartha marga Himali 24 marga 23 Sita tole (kha) Sitatole marga Shahid ratna 20 marga 24 Arjun path Shiddartha marga Shahid ratna 20 marga 25 Krishna tole Shiddartha marga Shahid ratna 20 marga 26 Shree path Gangalal marga Bhrikuti 20 marga 27 Shavagriha marga Football ground Camp road 20 or 24 28 Shavagriha loop Shavagriha East 8 Second Khahare above Arun tole 29 Bajman tole marga Shavagriha Shahid ratna 20 marga 30 Shavagriha marga Shavagriha East 14 Above loop Khahare Aaada 31 Shavagriha marga Shavagriha East 14 Above loop Khahare Aaada 32 Shavagriha marga Shavagriha marga East river 14 Under Aada loop (second) 33 Bamjan tole loop Bamjan tole B.P. road 14 34 Bamjan tole Bamjan tole East close 8 Chowk North 35 Sampang marga Gangalal marga Camp road 20 Shakti marga 36 Ka 37 Kha Sangpang marga Nilima 14 South marga 38 Linking Himalayan Shiddartha marga Jamuna tole 20 Laboratory man gumba marga school road together with branch (three roads) road 39 Shahid ratna marga Shahid marga road Football 20 loop ground 40 Football ground area Buddha marga Ground 30 Shabagriha marga round 41 Akash marga Nilima marga Shree tole 14 42 Shahid smriti marga Gangalal marga Shahid 14 smriti school 43 Vanbatika marga Gangalal marga Bhrikuti 14 marga 44 Entry to Shabhagriha Buddha marga Ground area 20 Near family area north planning
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-30 Final Report – April 2014
45 Gangalal loop Gangalal marga Shabagriha 14 From north to west 46 Bhimsen path Siddhartha marga Sahid ratna 14 marga 47 Shabagriha loop Shavagriha marga Shahid ratna 20 marga 48 Himali marga Himali marga Kabir tole 14 49 Arun tole B. P. Camp road Towards 14 north and then east 50 Arun tole loop Arun tole Part of 8 private Khahare edge 51 New line Shahid ratna Shiddartha 14 marga marga 52 Menchayam tole Sita tole Shiddartha 14 marga 53 Gurash marga Gangalal marga Bhrikuti 14 marga 54 Gurash marga loop Gurash marga Shahid 14 smriti school 55 Nishal marga Nilima marga South east 14 Gangalal marga 56 Mankamana marga Nilima marga South east 14 Stream of Nishal Industrial marga zone 57 Madan marga Madan marga Shahid 14 smriti school west 14 58 Madan marga Madan marga South 14 Bhrikuti marga 59 Gurash marga Bhrikuti marga Gangalal 14 marga 60 Shavagriha loop Below Aaada West stream 61 Bhrikuti marga loop Bhrikuti marga North In front of school 62 Bhrikuti marga loop Bhrikuti marga From east of school 63 Durga path loop Durga path West Below school Khahare 64 Shahid smriti marga Bhrikuti marga School upto east 65 Siddhartha marga Shiddartha marga West Bhimsen Khahare West south 66 New Srijana marga New Srijana marga Towards First above east and Aaada closed 67 New Srijana loop New Srijana West Khahare 68 Koshi path Gangalal marga Aaada Koshi (Shree tole) barrage west 69 Koshi path loop Koshi path Towards Koshi south via barrage east Aada south 70 Deepsikha path Gangalal marga Aada 71 Deepshikha loop From Deepshikha west 72 Milijuli path Deepshikha West closed Below the
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-31 Final Report – April 2014
house of ex- mayor 73 Baghdhan path Shabagriha loop South, west Chheyamaya 74 Dukhit marga Shabhagriha East marga Khahare 75 Thirbum path Ganesh Laxmi West marga Khahare 76 Ganesh laxmi marga Gangalal marga Sungava line 77 Man kumara path Ganesh laxmi West marga Khahare 78 Sunailo ghumti marga Gangalal marga North Bhaudi east 79 New line Shahid ratna Shiddartha 14 marga marga 80 Himalayan mahayan Himalayan Khahare 14 gumba marga loop mahayan gumba
Ward no. 9
S. No. Name of the road From Up to Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Gautam path Mahendra path Gautam path 14 2 Gautam path Putali line P. higher 30 secondary school 3 Gautam path loop Gautam path Rotary club 14 4 Gautam path loop Gautam path Towards east 8 Above and then closed Narendra path second 5 College road Mahendra path West Khahare 30 6 Purna path Gautam path West Khahare 20 7 Purna path loop Purna path College road 14 Inclined and vertical both 8 Vinayak path Dibya acharya line Dhankutta road 30 9 Siddhi vinayak Shiva Prakash West Khahare 14 10 Shiva Prakash Putali line Dibya Acharya 30 line 11 Dibya Acharya line Buddha marga West Khahare 30 12 Bagaicha line Vinayak path WEST Khahare 30 13 Church line Bagaicha line Dhankutta road 14 14 Church line loop Church line South 14 Sukumbashi via west Khahare 15 Deep path Buddha marga Vinayak path 20 16 Deep path loop Deep path Towards south 14 and then east 17 Rohani marga Bagaicha line Deep path 14 18 Rohani marga Rohani marga Veech branch 14 19 Gautam path loop Gautam path Purna path 14 20 Gautam path loop Gautam path Purna path 14 21 Bagaicha line loop Bagaicha line North chauir 14 Katuwal area 22 Devkota path Buddha marga Vinayak path 30 23 Devkota path loop Devkota path South loop 14 24 Devkota path loop Branch 8 both 25 Dhankutta road loop Dhankutta road Deep path 14
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-32 Final Report – April 2014
Ward no. 10
S. No. Name of the road From Up to Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Putali line Khahare Kalyan chowk 50 2 Shainik bhavan line Purna path Munal path 20 3 College road Khahare Munal path 30 --- decision 4 College road Munal path Laxmi marga 20 5 Vishal path Deebya Acharya Balbharda path 30 6 Vishal path loop Vishal path South loop 6 7 Lok path Gautam path Munal path 30 8 Munal path Chatara line Putali line 30 9 Budha subba line Khahare Balbhadra path 24 10 Deurali marga Vishal path Dhankutta road 20 11 Devisthan line (ka) Balbhadra path Yelambar marga 20 12 Devisthan line (Kha) Balbhadra path Yalember 30 To be Vishal path revised (mouth) 13 Bale gadhi line Khahare Dhankuttey road 20 14 Balbhadra path Putali line Dhankuttey road 30 15 Narayan path Chatara line Dhankuttey road 50 16 Deurali marga Khahare Dhankuttey road 20 17 Yelambar marga Putali line Dhankuttey road 30 18 Balbhadra path loop Balbhadra path Close towards 14 east 19 Shainik bhavan line Shainik bhavan Putali line 14 loop line 20 Shainik bhavan line Shainik bhavan North closed 14 loop line 21 Shainik bhavan line Shainik bhavan Chauir 14 loop line 22 Lokpath loop College road Lok path 14 23 Lokpath loop Lokpath Chatara line 14 Ward no. 11
S. No. Name of the road From Up to Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Chatara line Janpath chowk Mangabare 50 2 Putali line Narayan chowk Kalyan chowk 50 3 College road Shivaji chowk 20 --- decision 4 New road line Chatara line Ratna marga 30 5 Hong Kong road Ratna chowk Mangalbare 36 6 Camp road Ratna chowk B. P. hospital 36 7 Shivajee marga Chatara line Putali line 30 8 New Pashupati marga Janpath road Sayapatri marga 30 Existing road as shown 9 Singha Devi road Shivajee marga Laxmi marga 20 10 Ashirway marga Mangalbare Saptarangi park 50 marga 11 Chadani marga Chatara line Shidmba chowk 20 12 Vishnu paduk marga Mangalbare Sardu khola 36 chowk 13 Shanti marga Chatara line Hong Kong road 30 14 Srijana marga Shanti chowk Sardu khola 30 15 Bhavani marga Chatara line Punya marga 24 16 Maya devi marga Chatara line Putali line 20 17 Vikash marga Chatara line New Pashupati 30 road
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-33 Final Report – April 2014
18 Sayapatri marga Srijana marga Punya marga 20 19 Sayapatri marga loop Sayapatri marga East closed 8 Balgachi west 20 Sayapatri loop 14 21 Hangma marga Chataraline Maya devi road 20 22 Bhavani marga Chatara line Bhavani marga 20 23 Milan path (Ka) Sayapatri marga Punya marga 14 24 Milan path (Kha) Punya marga Milan path (Ka) 20 25 Sarmik path Sayapatri marga Srijana marga 14 26 Sramik path North 20 27 Uttam path Chadani marga New Pashupati 14 marga 28 Chatara line loop Chatara line Uttam path S. No. Name of the road From Up to Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 29 Kishan path Sayapatri marga Sardu khola 20 30 ??? Punya marga Kishan path 20 31 Savyata marga Punya marga South closed 14 32 Pavitra marga Punya marga Raghubanshi 20 marga 33 Raghubanshi marga Sayapatri marga Milan path (Ka) 20 34 Sayapatri marga loop East loop 20 New pashupati north 35 Awas marga New Pashupati West via north 14 Sayapatri marga 36 New Pashupati loop New Pashupati Punya marga 14 37 New Pashupati loop New Pashupati Vikash marga 14 38 New Pashupati loop New Pashupati Vikash marga 14 39 New Bhagabati marga Bhavani marga Uttam path 20 40 Dhurba tara path New Bhavani West 14 41 New Bhavani loop New Bhavani West 14 marga 42 Savyak marga Chatara line Yatam path 14 43 Uttam path loop South 20 44 Uttam path loop New Pashupati 14 45 Chadani loop east 14 Infront of Uttar path 46 Chadani loop east 14 Infront and above Uttar path 47 Sishu path Chatara line Savyak 14 48 Chataraline loop Chatara line North closed 14 Campus hostel 49 Laligurash path Sayapatri marga West north 14 50 Sayapatri loop Bhavani marga West 14 51 Hishab church marga Srijana marga Kishan path 20 52 Hishab church loop Hishab curch West north 14 53 Srijana marga loop Srijana marga West Moti marga 20 54 Moti marga Vishnu paduka Srijana marga 20 55 Shalim marga Srijana marga 14
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-34 Final Report – April 2014
Ward no. 11 (Ga)
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 56 Srijana marga loop Srijana marga Mik path 14 57 Prem path Vishnu padika Aalani via south 20 marga 58 Vishnu paduka loop South 20 Moti marga on north 59 Sanobagal marga Vishnu paduka Continue on 20 sourth 60 Shanti marga loop Shanti marga Chatara line 20 61 School marga New road West south 20 62 Mini new road Chatara line South closed 14 East of new road 63 Putali line loop South Loop 6 East of Kalayni chowk 64 Chatara line loop South 10 Temple west 65 Chatara line loop Chatara line North closed 8 private 66 Kishan path north 8 Below canal (kulo) 67 Kishan path loop Kishan path 8 private 3 kita 68 Bhavani marga loop Bhavani marga 8 New bhavani west 69 Srijana marga loop Srijana marga north 14 Plot of Chatra 70 Sholing loop Sholing marga South 14 Agram 71 Kshitiz marga Moti marga Towards north and 14 Juni hyang then closed 72 Sunailo marga loop Sunailo marga Aishrya marga 14 Behind Krishna 73 Bhavani marga loop Bhavani marga West north 14 Maya Rai’s ?????? 74 Rungdupa marga Sramik path Sayapatri marga 20 75 Rungdupa marga Shramik sangam 14 76 Sholing marga Prem path 14 Vishnu chowk 77 Mirmire path Houngus marga Sholing 14 78 Mirmire loop Mirmire West 14 79 Houngus marga Vishnu paduka South, west 14 80 Milan marga Sholung Upto canal in east 14 Below Vishnu paduka marga 81 Uttam path loop Uttam path West, sourth 14 Canal Bhavani chowk 82 Sayapatri marga loop Sayapatri marga Bhavani marga 8 Belgachi 83 Sayapatri loop Sayapatri path Milan 20 Above Rueidupa inclined?? 84 Vishnu paduka marga West North 14 Except canal (kulo) 85 Srijana marga Srijana marga South 20 Dharma Rokka’s ???? 86 Srijana marga Srijana marga Sardu 20 Addition in
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-35 Final Report – April 2014
the existing??? 87 Bhavani marga loop Bhavani marga New Bhagavati 14 Ka. A. marga Mahendra 88 Sayapatri marga loop Sayapatri marga east 14 Sramik (kulo) 89 Sholing vasti Sholing 10 feet to be Except (settlement) left (by self) aalani???
Ward no. 11 (Gha)
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 90 Chatara line loop Chatara line North kulo (canal) 14 Shanti chowk east 91 New Pashupati loop New Pashupati 4 feet (private) 92 New Pashupati Punya marga 14 marga 93 Birendra marga Vishnu paduka north 20 marga 94 Virjunga marga Laligurash East close 14 95 Sangam marga Laligurash Sayapatri marga 20 Both roads 96 New Pashupati marga New Pashupati North close 8 Awash loop marga marga east 97 Kishan path loop North gai Again west 20 Krishna B. Basnet (existing new Pashupati) 98 Punya marga loop South loop 14 Below Shital marga, 16 99 Punya marga loop Again: south 14 Canal (kulo) 100 Kishan path loop Kishan path north 8 feet Rabin Baskota’s house 101 Sunailo loop Sunailo marga Aishraya marga 14 102 New Vishnu marga Vishnu marga East Gai north 14 Except Kulo (canal) 103 Sayapatri loop Sayapatri East gai close 8 104 Smriti Sholing South 14 105 Vishnu laxmi marga Vishnu pduka West gai 14 marga Again: north kulo 106 Chatara line loop Chatara line North close 8 feet Santalal garage north
Ward no. 12
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Chatara line Chata chowk Janapath chowk 50 2 Chatara line loop Chatara line Lok path 14 Temple (Khanal) east 3 Munal path Chatara line Putali line 30 4 Manik lal path Chatara line Lok path 30 5 Annapurna line Chatara line Electricity 20 authority 6 Chimeki line (Ka) Chatara line Lok path (via 20 Khahare) 7 Chimeki line (Kha) Chatara line Mayur path 20
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-36 Final Report – April 2014
8 Chimeki line (Ga) Chatara line East via north 14 9 Avibadan marga Chatara line East via north 14 Upto plot of Naresh Shakya 10 Khahare edge Chimeki line Punya marga
Ward no. 13
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Madan Bhandari marga Zero point Dhankutta road 72 (Dhankutte road) 2 Amar path Laxmi chowk Phrushey 50 3 Bhavani marga Amarpath Pashupati chowk 50 4 Amarhat marga Krishi upaj Dhankutte road 50 (agriculture) 5 Surya marga Dhankutte road Phrushey 50 6 Janaki marga Amar path Pashupati chowk 50 Zero point 7 Summni marga Pashupati chowk Sumnima chowk 30 8 Shivajata marga amarhat Panchakanya 30 jungle 9 Amar Primary School Dhankutte marga Amar path 24 10 Shivadhara marga Shijata marga Dhankutte road 20 11 Udaya marga Dhankutta marga Surya marga 20 12 Colony marga Pashupati chowk S. P. office 20 13 Madan Ashrit marga Bhagvati marga Janaki marga 20 14 Anam marga Krish upaz amarhat 20 (agriculture ) west 15 Swostika marga Surya marga from East via north 20 river (khola) 16 Mawahong Surya marga Dhankute road 20 17 Bhrikuti path Janaki chowk Sumnima marga 14 18 Anam tole path Amar path play Near Krishi upaz 14 area (Agriculture product)
Ward no. 13 (Kha)
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 19 Coleni marga loop Coleni Towards east and 14 close 20 Keshar path Coleni East close 14 21 Amar path loop Amar path Madan Bhandari 14 marga 22 Amar path loop Amar path East Khahare 14 Below zero point 23 Madan Ashrit loop Madan Ashrit Towards west and 14 close 24 Madan Ashrit marga Madan Ashrit East Kholsi 8 Above Deb loop marga (stream) Raj sir 25 Amar path loop Amar path East Khahare 14 East Gorkha Ex army 26 Subidha marga Amar Primary East office of ex 14 School marga gorkha army 27 Udaya marga Udaya marga north 14 28 Udaya swastika marga Udaya marga Edge of Khahare 14 Without
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-37 Final Report – April 2014
decreasing aalani naap??? 29 Surya marga loop Surya marga Swastika marga 14 30 Amarpath loop Amar path Surya marga 14 Below Kali Pr. Rai 31 Janjakrati marga amarpth Sardu edge 14 32 Amarpath loop Amar path Sardu edge 14 Below Janjagrati 33 Nava srijana path Amarpath loop Sardu edge 10 Below Jangrati 34 Amar path loop Amar path Sardu edge 10 In front of vetnaryl hospital 35 Amar path loop Amar path Khahare 10 In front of vetnary hospital 36 Amar path loop Amar path Khahare 14 In front of sashatra prhari????
Ward no. 13 (Ga)
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 37 Amarpath loop Amar path Khahare 8 feet Below Janjagrati east 38 Rai tole Amar path Rai tole 14 39 Rai tole Rai tole north 14 Both road 40 Janaki path loop Janaki path Towards north and 14 close 41 Amar path loop Amar path West kholsi 14 Zero point (stream) north 42 Amar path loop Amar path Plot of temple 10 43 Anam tole Khahare East river 14 South river 44 Dhankutte road loop Dhankute road North Kholse 20 Without (stream) reducing towards ghumti east as per napi naksha??? (existing kholsi) 45 Dhankute road loop Dhankute road West Kholsa 4 Piple tree 46 Amar path loop Amar path Sardu edge 14 Above Nirjan Tamang’s house 47 Hari bhakta path Amar path Khahare 14 48 Surya marga loop Surya marga West Khahare 8 feet 49 Dhankute road loop Dhankute road Khahare 14 Plot of Ambika 50 Nava srijana path Amar path 10 51 Prashai path Amar path Khahare 12 Below zero point East second
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-38 Final Report – April 2014
Ward no. 14
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Vijayapur path Redcross Vijayapur chowk 30 2 Panchakanya marga Budha subba path Panchakanya 30 mandir 3 Budha subba path Vijayapur bazzar Budha subba 30 mandir 4 Panchakanya path Buddha subba Seuti khola 30 path 5 Sushil smriti path Budha subba path Pindeswore path 30 6 Dantakali path Vijaya pur chowk Pindeswore path 30 7 Pindeswore path Vijayapur chowk Pindeswore 30 temple 8 Vijayapur bazarpath Vijayapur chowk Budha subba path 30 9 Babadham marga Jalparoad Pindeswore 30 temple 10 Hariyali path Panchakanya Amarhat chowk 30 marga 11 Hattishar path Vijayapur path Towards amarhat 20 12 Turkey path Sidebi chowk Vijayapur chowk 30 13 Tindhare path Turke Dantakali path 20 14 Dueidhare path Turke Dantakali path 20 15 Sushil smriti path loop East side 20 16 Buddha subba path Buddha subba Sushil smriti 14 path marga 17 Chandragalli chandragalli turke 20 18 Mandap path Dantakali path Babadham marga 20 19 Shaligram path Dantakali path Pindeswore path 14 20 Dantakali path loop Dantakali path Turke 14 Plot of Krishna Koirala 21 Sushil smriti path loop Sushil smriti path Towards east and 14 Near close Bastola’s house 22 Turke path loop Mandap path Turke 20 23 Durga laxmi marga Pindeswore path west 14 24 Hattishar path Red cross Hattishar path 14
Ward no. 15
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Bhanu marga Sadan school Charkoshi jungle 50 2 Shahid marga Gangalal marga Seuti river 46 3 Dasharath path Bhanu marga Gangalal marga 36 4 Pushpalal marga Bhanu marga Gangalal marga 36 5 Susan marga Bhanu marga Khoriya basti 30 6 Nirajan basti marga Jalpa road Seuti khola 30 7 Milan path Shanty path Dasharath path 30 8 Central road Bhanu marga Kasturi marga 30 9 Pathibhara line Bhanu marga Aranki marga 30 10 Dhurba jyoti path Sukra path Dasharath path 30 11 Amar jyoti path Srijunga line Dasharath path 30 12 Jyan chashu marga Gangalal marga Seuti river 30 13 Krishna path (ka) Bhanu marga Seuti khola 30 14 Everest line Bhanu marga Seuti khola 24
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-39 Final Report – April 2014
15 Vikash marga Naulo path Shahid marga 20 16 Trishul marga Triveni marga Krishna path (ka) 20 17 Shradanjali marga Pushpa lal marga Krishna path 20 (Madan ashrit) 18 Sayapatri marga Pushpalal marga Krishna path 20 (madan ashrit) 19 Deurali marga Bhanu marga Adharbhut marga 20 20 Shadhuri marga Pushpalal marga Shadhuri marga
Ward no. 15 (Kha)
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 21 Jivan jyoti path Amar jyoti path Dasharath path 20 22 Villa path Shyam chowk Shahid marga 20 23 Milan marga Gangalal marga Bhanu marga 20 24 Badrinath marga Gyanchasu marga Aada 20 25 Kasturi marga Lajesha path Seuti khola 20 26 Hindupati marga Gyanchasu marga Aada 20 27 Fulbari marga Hindupati Aada via school 20 east 28 Kirat tole marga Dhurba jyoti path Sungava line 20 29 Sangpang marga Gangalal marga Bhanu marga 20 30 Valley road Triveni marga Krishna path (ka) 20 31 Kanchan line Gyanchasu marga Adharbhut marga 20 32 New road Bishal path Bhanu marga 20 33 Adharbhut marga Shahid marga Kanchan line 20 34 Vishan path Gyanchasu marga Naulo path 20 35 Chemjong path Bhanu marga Seuti khola 20 36 Geetanjali marga Bhanu marga Gyanchasu marga 20 37 Puspanjali marga Bhanu marga Gyanchasu marga 20 38 Ram laxman marga Kasturi marga Nirajan marga 20 39 Krishna path (Madan Bhanu marga Aada 20 ashrit marga) 40 Shaghuri marga Gangalal marga Sungava line 20 41 Church line Bhanu marga Triveni marga 20 42 Triveni marga Bhanu marga Krishna path (ka) 20 43 Open trusti marga Bhanu marga Everest line 20 44 Lazesha path Pathivara line Nirajan basti 20 (settlement) 45 Sungava marga Govinda road Dasharath path 20 46 Bhanu marga loop Bhanu marga Everest line 20
Ward no. 15 (Ga)
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 47 Vakra path Everest line Bhanu marga 14 48 Padma road Bhanu marga Gyanchasu marga 14 49 Aada road Milan chowk Except 36 Aada Except 36 Seuti khola Aada ka 50 Shanti marga Bhanu marga Aada 14 51 Smriti path Puspalal marga Bhanu marga 14 52 Surya line Amarjyoti marga Dhurba jeti path 14 53 Laxmi tole Amarjyoti path Dhurbajyoti 14 54 Ganesh line Amar jyoti path Dhurba jyoti path 14 55 Rodand path Bhanu marga Smriti path 14 56 Chumlung path Bhanu marga Everest line 14
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57 Everest line loop Everest line Chumlung path 14 58 Everest line loop Everest line Pathivara line 14 59 Everest line loop Everest line Pathivara line 14 60 Everest line Laajesha path 14 kasturi 61 Saiman marga Bhanu marga East 14 62 Bhanu marga loop Bhanu marga Toward west and 14 then south 63 Shahid marga loop Shahid marga Toward north and 14 then east 64 Shahid marga New road 14 65 Pabitra path New road Sampang marga 14 66 Manmohan marga Bhanu marga Gyanchasu marga 14 67 Triveni marga loop Triveni marga Toward north and 14 then west 68 69 70 Ram laxman loop Ram laxman Araniko marga 20 marga 71 Gyanchasu marga loop Gyanchasu marga Hindupati marga 14 Yoyokha chowk west 72 Ram laxman marga Ram laxman West close 14 Lajesha loop marga below Nirajan 73 Bhanu marga loop Bhanu marga South 8 Except 6 feet kulo (canal) 74 Ganatantra marga Sampang marga Toward north and 14 Except 6 feet then east kulo (canal) 75 Adharbhut marga loop Aadharbhut East planning 14 Vikash marga west 76 Ram hansha marga Sampang North pun?? West 14 Pipal close
Ward no. 15 (Gha)
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 77 Janjati marga Ram laxman Araniko marga 14 marga 78 Naulo path loop Naulo marga 79 Sagarmatha path Araniko marga Nirjan 14 80 Dron dristi basti Gyanchashu Bir narayan marga 20 and 14 (settlement) marga 81 Guru dron Gyanchusu marga Birnarayan marga 20 82 Dron path Seuti Birnarayan 20 Three dronshakha 1 83 Shahid marga loop Shahid marga Ghumi pun: Hind 14 Navajyoti marga east 84 Shahid marga loop north close 14 New road west 85 Shampang loop north close Entry 8 and the remaining 14 86 Samjhana marga Araniko marga Nirjan marga 14 87 Bhanu marga loop Bhanu marga East Pun” south 14 Above Mahadev chowk
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-41 Final Report – April 2014
88 Prem Chandra marga Bhanu marga Chemjong path 14 89 Thapa path Aada line Prem Chandra 14 Below path Prem’s house 90 Thapa path (Kha) Bhanu marga Prem Chandra 14 Draupati path 91 Tirthalok path Trishul marga Both on west side 14 92 Garvalal marga Shahid marga Adharbhut marga 14 93 Govinda road Govinda road Govinda road 14 94 Purbali path Ganesh laxmi Shaghuri marga 14 marga 95 Parbat tole Everest line North kulo (canal) 20 96 Topthumka marga Chemjong marga Everest line 20 Below Chemjong 14 97 Pashuram marga 98 Sagar path 99 Gauri Shankar marga Aada line Hindupati marga 14 100 Sumiraline 101 Lokeswore marga 102 Bajgara marga Aada line Badrinath marga 20 103 Paruhang 104 Suvalaxmi marga Deurali marga Prena marga 105 Darshan marga
Ward no. 15 (Yon)
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 106 Man kumara path Ganesh laxmi West Khahare 14 marga 107 Aangrit marga Susan road Jungal 20 108 Samajik marga Bhanu marga East 1033, 1038 14 109 Subhanu marga Bhanu marga Toward east and 14 close together with south 110 Naulo path loop Naulo path South T shape 14 East Swimming pool 111 Govinda marga loop Govinda marga Seuti khola 14 112 Shahid marga loop Shahid marga South close 8 feet Khoriya basti (settlement) west north
Ward no. 16
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Janpath Pani tanki (water Sumnima chowk 50 tank) 2 Punya marga Khahare Sardu 30 3 Electricity authority Khahare Janpath 30 marga 4 Bhimsen Thapa marga Jan path Sardu khola 30 5 Vikash marga Chatara line Stadium 30 6 Shahid Yagya B. marga Khahare Jan path 30 7 Anapurna line Chatara line Electricity 20 authority marga
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-42 Final Report – April 2014
8 Bhagbati marga Khahare khola Jan path 20 9 Surya path Punya marga Electricity 20 authority marga 10 Vidhan marga Surya path janpath 20 Hamro line 11 Pragati marga Vikash marga West south north 20 Karki path 12 Brihaspati marga Jan path Vikash marga 14 13 Karki path Jan path Komal marga 20 14 Komal marga Punya marga Karki path 20 15 Skan marga Punya marga Skan temple 20 16 Sanakhari marga Sumnima marga Bhimsen Thapa 14 path 17 Sunakhari loop sunakhari north 14 Basu Baral’s house 18 Parvati marga Chatara line Punya marga 14 19 Hira lal marga Bhumi path From south to east 20 west 20 Chandrama line Chatara line Bhakari school, 14 Janpath 21 Vikash tole marga Janpath Vikash tole 14 Uttarvisen 22 Janpath loop janpath West sushta 14 school 23 Vishal road janpth Hansha marga 24 24 San marga Khahare Janpath 24 25 Bhu. P. marga Khahare Janpath 30 26 Juneli path Shahid Yagya Hundai Pun: 14 27 Juneli path Bhu. P. marga Shahid Yagya B. 14 marga 28 Juneli path Juneli path East Khahare Above vat 29 Kamana marga Shahid Yagya B. Bhagabati school 14 Both road marga 30 Dhurba marga Janpath Vikash tole 20 31 Brihaspati marga Karki path South kulo (canal) 20 32 Prabhat marga Punya marga Towards east and 20 then west 33 Parvati marga Shital marga Skan marga 14
Ward no. 16 (Kha)
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 34 Shital marga Punya marga Skan temple 20 35 Prabhu pad Skan temple north 14 36 Sumnima marga loop Sumnima marga Sunakhari 20 37 Punya marga loop Punya marga 14 38 Komal marga Skan marga 14 39 Punya marga 20 No. kulo 40 Samiti marga Karki path Vishal road 20 41 Sarswoti marga Vikash marga Vishal road 20 42 Swashoti marga loop Sarswoti marga Himalaya marga 14 43 Himal marga Vikash marga Vishal road 14 44 Matajee path Sunakhori Kulo 14 45 Jyoti path Bhimsen path Sardu 14 46 Bhagavati marga loop Bhagabati marga South toward 8 Janpath 47 Bhagabati marga Bhagabati marga Manakamana 14 marga 48 Bhimsen thapa path Bhimsen thapa Vikash tole 14
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-43 Final Report – April 2014
loop 49 Vikash tole loop Vikash tole South close 14 50 Janpath loop Janpath Towards east 10 Below close Swami chowk 51 San marga loop San marga Bhupi marga 14 52 San marga loop San marga South close 8 53 Chandra Shanskrit San marga Bhupi marga Wal 20 marga on south 54 Bhupi marga loop Bhupi marga Towards south 20 Cha. Sa. close Marga west 55 Janpath loop Janpath Bika’s wall on east 14 56 Bhimsen loop Bhimsen path South kulo (canal) From Dahal’s plot 57 Bhimsen Thapa path Bhimsen path South kulo Second loop 58 Vishal road loop Vishal path West kulo 14 Below Bhimsen west’s first 59 Karki path loop Karki path Hansha marga 14 inclined 60 Hansha marga Karki path Vishal road 20 61 Suraksha marga Karki path Vishal road 14 62 Bhimsen path loop Bhimsen path south 14 Vikash marga west
Ward no. 16 (Ga)
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 63 Vishal road loop Vishal road north 14 East of Mishra’s house 64 Hiralal marga loop Hiralal south 14 65 Sarswoti marga Sarswoti Himalayan marga 20 Kulo 66 Shaghuri marga Punya marga Via Kulo bhumi 20 path 67 Prithvi marga Bhumi path North branch both 14 both 68 Narbada marga Bhimsen thapa South kulo 14 Laxman’s path plot 69 San marga loop San marga South close 14 Siddartha school east
Ward no. 17
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Chatara marga Ratna chowk Sardu khola 60 and 6 feet 2 Siwon marga Mangalbare Chatara marga 50 3 Adarsha marga Camp gate Singami chowk 65 4 Hulaki marga Saptarangi marga Sardu khola 30 5 Indreni marga Singami chowk jamgal 30 6 Saptarangi marga Ratna marga Saptarangi park 30 7 Namuna marga Saptarangi Anfa academy 20 8 Shanti marga Ratna marga Hong Kong road 20 9 Shanti marga loop Shanti Towards east and 20 north 10 Sigmi marga Ratna marga B. B. wala 20
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-44 Final Report – April 2014
11 Belgachi Chatara marga Sunailo marga 20 12 Anfa marga Chatara marga Saptarangi park 20 13 Bhaisi goth Railway Hulaki marga 14 14 Bagan tole Adarsha marga Ratna marga and 20 camp road Yelambar 15 Indrasen marga Chatara marga Indreni marga 20 16 Chatara marga loop Chatara marga Towards east 14 Above anfa close 17 Chatara marga loop Infront of anfa 14 18 Karnachandra marga Chatara marga close 20 19 Sarbare marga 20 20 Sugam marga Hulaki marga Sarswoti marga 20 21 Sarswoti marga loop 20 22 Shanti marga Hong Kong road Chatara marga 20 23 Selmey marga Temkey marga Hong Kong marga 14 24 Temkey marga Sewon marga Hong Kong marga 20 25 Temkey marga loop Temkey marga South school west 20 26 Sunailo marga Chatara marga Saptarangi marga 20 27 Sagarmatha tole Sunailo marga Chatara marga 20 from east Dhan and 14 Prashad’s house 28 Ajambar marga Chatara marga Velgadhi marga 20 29 Bhaishi goth area Chgatara marga Saptarangi marga 30 Chatara marga loop Chatara marga Adarsha marga Mill 31 Hulaki marga loop Hulaki marga Chatara marga 14 Mani Raj bhattarai 32 Apshara path Hulaki marga South close 14
Ward no. 17 (Kha)
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 33 Sunailo marga loop east close 14 34 Chatara marga loop Chatara marga Sunailo marga 14 35 Belgachi line Chatara marga Sunailo marga 20 36 Yalember marga Chatara marga Adarsha marga 20 Vichghopa 37 Saptarangi marga loop Saptarangi marga Hulaki marga 20 Both road 38 Chatara marga loop Chatara marga Hulaki marga 14 39 Chatara marga loop Chatara marga 14 west 40 Udaya tole Above school From east to south 20 jungal 41 Kumyal 20 42 Indreni marga loop Indreni marga Udaya marga 14 43 Newkriti marga Hulaki marga Saraswoti marga 20 44 Chatara marga East loop close 14 Below raiway chowk first 45 Chatara marga loop Chatara marga East close 14 Near barpiple 46 Folkland tapu loop Folkland tapu Dandaghoda 20 Tapu below danda 47 Chatara marga loop Chatara marga east 14 Near karna chandra 48 Chatara marga loop Chatara marga West north 8 Below Krishna 49 Chatara marga loop Chatara marga Indreni marga 14 or 20 East side second
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-45 Final Report – April 2014
50 Sarswoti marga loop 20 51 Bijuwa marga Udaya marga west 10 10 feet setback except public land 52 Sarswoti marga Sarswoti chowk Anfa marga 14 north 53 Indreni marga loop Indreni marga Chatara marga 20
Ward no. 17 (Ga)
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 54 Hawai marga Hulaki Saptarangi marga 20 55 Chatara marga Chatara marga Indreni marga 20 56 Hawai marga loop Hawai marga South edge 20 57 Chatara marga loop Chatara marga east 14 Below Anfa 58 Lokpriya marga Saptarangi marga 20 All below yelani bagar 59 Hulaki marga East ward close 14 Pipal gachi 60 Udaya marga loop Udaya marga west 20 Bhakta B. Magar 61 Sunailo marga loop East close 14 Chandra shova 62 Jeet marga Chatara marga west 20 Gairi khet 63 Indreni marga loop Indreni marga East side close 14 Indrasen north 64 Katuwal marga Chatara marga East close 14 65 Indreni marga loop Indreni marga Towards east 14 close 66 Adarsha marga loop Adarsha marga East khola 20 Below Singami chowk 67 Adarsha marga loop Adarsha marga East river 14 68 Sagarmatha tole Chatara marga Sunailo marga 20 69 Jordhara path Chatara marga Towards east and 14 close 70 Shakyamuni path Chatara marga Adarsha marga 14 71 Chatara marga loop Chatara marga West close 8 feet First under anfa
Ward no. 18
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Ratna marga Shiva marga Ratna chowk 72 bhaudi 2 Buddha road Durga chowk Camp gate 46 3 New road Chatara line Ratna marga 30 4 Shiva marga Ratna marga Buddha road 24 Except left chowk by B. P. 5 Camp road Buddha road Camp road 30 Except left chowk by B. P. 6 Devi sthan marga Buddha road New road 20 7 Devi sthan Buddha road Devi sthan 14 Below Durga chowk 8 Ananda marga New road Devi sthan 14 9 Buddha road loop Buddha road Ratna road 14
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-46 Final Report – April 2014
10 School marga Ratna marga New road line 14 11 Shanty marga Shanty marga School marga 14 12 Shiva marga Putali line Ratna marga 20 13 Ratna marga loop Ratna marga New road 14 Infront of Bhait’s house
Ward no. 19
S. No. Name of the road From Upto Approved Remarks bylaws (feet) 1 Dhankute road Khahare khola Shiva marga 60 and 6 2 Yekta marga Dhankute road Balak marga 30 3 Deependra marga Balak marga Camp road 30 4 Jimi marga Dhankute road Camp road 30 5 Muna madan path Dhankute road Camp road 30 6 Sagarmatha path Dhankute road Jamuna tole 30 7 Ananda marga Jimi marga Khahare 30 8 Victoriya marga Jimi marga East Khahare 24 9 Kirat marga Dhankute road Jimi marga 20 10 Manuewang marga Manuewang Victoriya marga 20 chowk 11 Ujjawal marga Jimi marga East Khahare 20 12 Yelung marga Jimi marga Dhankute road 14 13 Sampang marga Jimi marga Yekta marga 14 14 Balkrishna loop Dhankute road Ananda marga 20 15 Deependra marga loop Deependra marga East Khahare (Ka) 20 16 Deependra marga loop Deependra marga East Khahare 20 (Kha) church 17 Sayapatri marga Deependra marga Jimi marga 20 18 Sayapatri marga Dhankute marga Ujjawal marga 14 19 Sayapatri marga Deependra marga East Khahare 14 Boarding school 20 Sayapatri marga Deependra marga sagarmatha 20 Above jungal 21 Sayapatri marga Jimi marga Munamadan path 14 22 Pragati path Jimi marga Munamadan path 14 23 Balak marga West Bashghari East Khahare 20 khola 24 Aawor home Ujjawal marga Victoriya marga 20 25 Srijana marga sayapatri 20 26 Victoriya loop Victoriya marga Towards south 14 and close 27 Camp road loop Camp road north 14 Munamadan west 28 Navadevi sthan Deependra marga Towards west and 14 East of south and again Srijana north sayapatri marga marga
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-47 Final Report – April 2014
EXCERPTS FROM THE MINUTES OF MUNICIPALITIES COUNCILS DECISIONS TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH (UNOFFICIAL)
A. 20th Municipal Council of Dharan Municipalitiy held on 1.13.014 AD. Decision no. 21 - It was decided to approve and implement the "Building and Planning Bylaws-2056 (updated 2070)" that was prepared with the financial and technical assistance of Asian Development Bank. B. 20th Municipal Council of Janakpur Municipality held on 1.11.014 AD. Decision no. 21 – The Building Bylaws updated 2070, prepared jointly by Janakpur Municipalities and the consultant with the assistance of Asian Development Bank is approved and it was decided to implement it from the current fiscal year. C. 17th Municipal Council of Siddharthanagar Municipality held on 1.14.014 AD. Decision no. 17 – The Building Construction and Drawing Approval Regulation 2070 with updates is approved. Policy Level decision: Building Drawing Approval Policy- 1. To implement the Building Code of the Government of Nepal, creation of qualified manpower in local level (training for masons) will be continued. 2. Compliance of the Building Bylaws and Road Bylaws will be continued in the Building Construction Approval Process. 3. House numbering works started earlier, will be continued from the coming fiscal year in ward no. 7, Basant Path of ward no.12, ward no. 5, Hatbazar of ward no. 13, ward no. 17, 12, from BP road to Janak Path of ward no. 8. D. 22nd Municipal Council of Nepalgunj Municipality held on 12.19.013 AD. Decision no.27 – It is decided to approve and implement the Nepalgunj Municipality Building and Planning Bylaws 2056 (first update 2059), (second update 2070) prepared by Nepalgunj Municipality with the financial and technical assistance of Asian Development Bank.
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COPIES OF MINUTES ON APPROVAL OF BUILDING AND PLANNING BYLAWS AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION Dharan
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-49 Final Report – April 2014
Janakpur
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-50 Final Report – April 2014
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-51 Final Report – April 2014
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-52 Final Report – April 2014
Siddharthanagar
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-53 Final Report – April 2014
Nepalgunj
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery B-54 Final Report – April 2014
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery C-1 Final Report – April 2014
ANNEX C: DHARAN LAND USE ZONE MAP
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery D-1 Final Report – April 2014
ANNEX D: SIDDHARTHANAGAR LAND USE ZONE MAP
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery E-1 Final Report – April 2014
ANNEX E: NEPALGUNJ LAND USE ZONE MAP
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery F-1 Final Report – April 2014
ANNEX F: JANAKPUR LAND USE ZONE MAP
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery G-1 Final Report – April 2014
ANNEX G: INTRODUCTION TO SMUSDP’S GIS-BASED MUNICIPAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G-MIS) INTRODUCTION The municipalities and government have made significant investments in the acquisition of geospatial data, GIS-based systems and creating GIS-based municipal maps and databases. One of the reasons behind for the lack institutionalization of this powerful tool is the limited knowledge of GIS across all municipalities. Another challenge is the substantial investment required to procure a commercial GIS system. To circumvent these challenges, SMUSDP took the approach of implementing a user-friendly Web GIS system allowing even junior GIS users to be able to carry out basic GIS functionalities. This system allows any users with access to a web browser to access interactive maps and perform basic mapping operations like pan, zoom in/out, identify features, search for features, print map display, etc. GMIS will be rolled out in a network environment, which will allow various departments, sections and units in the municipality to access the GIS-based maps with above mentioned GIS functionalities.
The GIS-based Municipal Information System (GMIS) is a customized web-based system that provides access to a municipality's GIS-based urban data and maps in the network environment. GMIS supports a variety of functions including daily operations; policy making, making, and planning related to urban issues with the help of data and maps provided by the system. For example, GMIS is capable of: a. Assisting urban planners and policy makers in developing or updating by-laws and development plans using existing land use maps and important areas or protected infrastructure; b. Assisting building permit staff to verify whether an application requested for constructing a building in a specific area is permissible according to its building by-laws; c. Enable the revenue section of a municipality to visually identify the tax status of a particular building in the municipality through its interactive map. d. Creating a user friendly environment allowing non-GIS skilled user to use GIS-based information. Users with limited GIS skills can easily carry out basic GIS functionalities to access data and information and analyze GIS maps with the help of this system.
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Figure 1. Main interface for accessing GMIS
Functional models of the system has been designed on the basis of the system's requirement to maintain and update information required to support functions in each municipality that have been strengthened by SMUSP such as GIS mapping capabilities, metric house numbering and street addressing, implementing building and planning by- laws, enhancing property tax data by linking GIS and property tax data, socio-welfare including water and sanitation service delivery capabilities.
GMIS is completely developed in an open source environment implementing various open source products such as MapServer to handle GIS-based maps; PostgreSQL for spatial and attribute data management; PostGIS – a spatial database extension for the PostgreSQL that supports geographic objects which allows for spatial and attribute data management; GeoMoose – a web client JavaScript framework for presenting and displaying map data; GDAL – Geospatial Data Abstraction Library which provides a valuable extension for managing geospatial data; and Apache Web Server which provides the necessary web service for MapServer to operate within environment. HTML and PHP are used for developing front-end interface of the system. Furthermore, the system is developed to run in Intranet/Internet Network Architecture, all common internet browsers can be used to access GMIS, however Google Chrome is the most recommendable browser for this system.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery G-3 Final Report – April 2014
SYSTEM'S FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS The GMIS system is designed and developed following the functional responsibilities of different Units in Urban Development and Planning Department and Revenue Collection Unit of the Revenue Department of the municipality. Functional Units such as Planning and Development Unit, Building Permit Unit, House Addressing Unit, Social Welfare and Environment Management Unit, Revenue Unit and GIS Unit are the municipality's key units responsible for maintaining and updating GMIS database.
The GMIS has grouped system's functionalities into five functional groups - Building Information Management, House Address Information Management, Social Welfare and Environment Information Management, Street and Road Information
Management, Building Tax Information Figure 2. System functional component Management and System Administration.
2.1 Building Information Management Basic information about building such as owner's name, construction type, floors, permit status, floor area, construction year, etc. are maintained by this function. Building Permit Unit is the key responsible Unit for managing this information. Information about a new building is created by Building Permit Unit during building permit process. The user who has right to access this functionality will able to query, visualize and analyze the status of buildings by features such as building use, floors, construction type, permit status, etc. Existing information about the buildings are based on data gathered through the socio-economic survey. These data need to be further verified and maintained by the municipality's building permit unit, and change verification flag to "Yes" for each verified building in the database.
Figure 3. Information about a building in the map
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery G-4 Final Report – April 2014
2.2 House Address Information Management The main objective of this function is to support the Metric House Addressing Unit in distributing Metric House Numbers and maintaining the database of house addresses. The Office House Addressing Unit in each municipality is responsible for maintaining house address information all buildings. House addressing involves assigning a metric house number and distributing and posting a number plate on each building. Any user with access to this functionality can maintain and update house numbers and will be able to search, visualize and analyze the status of house number plates of the building on the map. All existing metric house addresses assigned are based on the metric number assigned during the socio-economic survey. These numbers have to be verified for each building prior to the formal distribution of house numbers by municipality's House Addressing Unit.
2.3 Social Welfare and Environment Information Management This functionality is included in the GMIS to support the Social Welfare and Environment Management Section in each municipality. Information required for citizen's welfare (location of senior citizen residences) and management of water and sanitation such as drinking water source, daily water consumption, etc. are maintained using this functionality. A user who has access to this function will be able to query, visualize and analyze the status of the buildings by above features in the map. Existing data available in the GMIS are based on the socio- economic data collected during socio-economic survey. Only selected data that are important and possible for regular updating are incorporated in the system. This data must be verified and updated by each municipality before using them.
2.4 Street and Road Information Management The main objective of this function is to maintain information about streets and roads, such as the name and zone of streets and road hierarchies, surface type and width. This function also enables users to query, visualize and analyze street and roads by different features. The Planning Unit will have the right to access and update the street and road information. The street and road databases were created based on data collected during field and socio- economic survey. These data and information have to be verified by Planning Unit, and changed verification to "Yes". Streets and Roads need to be verified prior to use them for Metric House Addressing.
2.5 Building Tax Information Management This function supports the Revenue Collection Unit of the municipality to link GIS-building data with building tax of Integrated Property Tax (IPT) and enables users to query, visualize and analyze building tax payment status of the municipality in the map.
2.6 System Administration The GIS Unit is the responsible Unit for administering the overall GMIS, which includes daily operations of GMIS, managing user access to the system, uploading and downloading map layers from and into the GMIS. The GIS Unit is responsible for updating all geographic features includes assigning BIN for buildings, street codes and road segment codes. Geographic features are updated using ESRI's ArcGIS, provided by SMUSDP. Managing code lists is also the responsible of the System Administrator using the code list management feature of the system. The advanced query feature under System Administration allow search and query feature for buildings with all possible combination of building attributes.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery G-5 Final Report – April 2014
MAP DATA LAYERS USED IN GMIS The GMIS is comprised of the following 27 map data layers. The GMIS system uses these data layers for mapping activities. Table 1 Map Data Layers Data Layers Description Administrative Boundaries addzone Address Zone munipl Municipal Boundary wardpl Ward Boundary Buildings bldg Buildings Transportation bridgeedge Bridge road Roads Segments roadedge Road Edge roadpl Road Polygon rdshoulder Road Shoulder street Street Land Cover landuse Existing Land Use river Rivers pond Ponds Building and Planning By-laws bylaws Building and planning bye-laws Topography contour Contour spotht Spot Height Public Services & Utilities education Education finance Finance health Health hotel_resturants Hotels & Restaurants institution Institution monument Monument
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery G-6 Final Report – April 2014
municipal_offices Municipal Offices public_utility Public Utility rdshoulder Road Shoulder recreation Recreation religious Religious security Security Location location Location points and their names
SYSTEM SCENARIO The GMIS is comprised of three main system application components:
GIS Data Maintenance System (GDMS) Mapping and Querying System (MAQS) Attribute Data Maintenance System (ADMS)
GIS Data Maintenance System is implemented and operated by GIS Unit for map layer data maintenance. GIS software such as ArcGIS, QGIS (free and open source) is used to update spatial information.
Mapping and Querying System allows data querying and map visualization.
Attribute Data Maintenance System is primarily operated by users of different functional departments and divisions.
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery G-7 Final Report – April 2014
System Scenario Diagram
Data visualized on the map can also be printed onto the hardcopy report in the form of maps and attribute data retrieved can be exported to an Excel spreadsheet file for further analysis and reporting.
KEY FEATURES OF GMIS The GMIS allows users to access GIS-based municipal information from a work desk within different departments and sections in a network environment using common web browsers such as Google Chrome.
Users with different level of access will be able to – (i) view spatial data in multiple formats; (ii) search and query features based on the attribute data and locate on the map, (iii) navigate through attribute data items and view them spatially on the map, (iv) publish maps in different formats such as jpg and pdf, (v) download and upload maps in shape format from and into GMIS for updating and using maps for different purposes, (vi) import tax data in csv format into GMIS (vii) and export attribute data of buildings, streets and roads in Excel format, and (viii) perform basic GIS functionalities such as on/off GIS data layers, zooming, panning, measuring, etc.
5.1 Mapping Component The GMIS provides basic GIS tools such as zoom in/out/full extent, pan, feature identification tool, distance measuring tool, area measuring tool, print map display tool, query tool, map scale display.
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Figure 4. Basic GIS Tools used in GMIS
5.2 Table of contents to control the Map Layers Provides information of the layers with the legend currently configured on the map control and provide on/off options to set the visibility of the individual layers. Following figure shows the table of contents in the left column with the currently configured map of Building and Planning By-laws in Nepalgunj (Figure 3).
Figure 5. Table of contents to control the map layers in the left column
Figure 6. Road and buildings overlaid with the satellite image in background in Siddharthanagar
ADB TA 7982-NEP: Strengthening Municipalities for Urban Service Delivery G-9 Final Report – April 2014
5.4 Search and Query The search facility enables users to find the locations on the map based on the predefined set queries; following figure shows the pull down menu in the left column to search a health service in Nepalgunj. The GMIS provides search facility for education, finance, health services, hotel and restaurants, institutions, major locations, monuments, municipal offices, public utilities, religious sites, recreation centers, security, and streets. The locate house feature in the system enables users to find the house by house address. Another powerful search and query provided by the system is select features, this feature enables user to select street or house within a given distance (buffer) from a point, line or a polygon.
Figure 7. Search feature provided by GMIS
Figure 8. Selection feature searched highlighted houses in 28m distance from a point
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5.3. Viewing and Editing Tabular Database A functional model "List" in GMIS enables users to search, view and edit for updating and editing a tabular database. It allows users to search a building or street or road using multiple criteria. Figure 9 provides an example of an interface with the list of buildings that met the search criteria. The “view and edit” function in the interface helps users to view (Figure 10) the information about the building and Edit (Figure 11) helps to edit the building information. "Export to xls" in the interface helps users to export the resultant data into excel format for different purposes, whereas the "Map It" function in the interface helps users to locate the specific building on the Map. There are also similar types of functionalities for viewing and editing for street and road. The interface provided for information management, which allows for updating information about building infrastructure, socio-economic information about a building, the metric house address for a building, and building tax status. The GMIS has also provided an “advanced query” feature in the system only for the System Administrator with all possible combinations for searching building criteria.
However, there is no function within the GMIS for creating, updating or editing spatial data. The user has to use ArcGIS provided by the TA or another GIS to create a new or updated and edited existing spatial feature. The system provides download and upload functions for spatial data maintenance. For example if a municipality wants to add a new building to the database, the user must follow this process (i) download the spatial feature "Building" from the GMIS, (ii) create a new building with unique BIN and update the data set using GIS, (iii) upload the updated building data set into GMIS, (iv) update tabular data using the corresponding function, e.g. building infrastructure information has to be updated by building information management function.
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Figure 9. Interface showing the list of buildings that met the search criteria
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Figure 10. Viewing building information using GMIS
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Figure 11. Interface for editing building infrastructure information
5.4. Map It "Map It" is one of the powerful function of GMIS that help user to locate listed building in the map, see Figure 12.
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Figure 12. Map generated by the “Map It” function
5.5. Linking Tax data with GIS database The GMIS has provided a function to import the “tax status” data into the GMIS (Figure 13) for linking tax data with the municipality's GIS database. Tax status data is generated from the municipality's existing IPT system developed by Shangrila Microsystem. Shangrila in support of this TA has made provision in their system to enter BIN to establish link between GIS data and Building Tax data in each municipality. It has also developed a module in their system to generate tax data in the CSV format compatible to GMIS. The record that matches the BIN is updated in the system when the tax data is imported into the system. GMIS also enables municipality staff to map the buildings by their tax status and access basic information such as the name and ID of each taxpayer, current tax status and total taxes paid by year.
Figure 13. Interface to import tax data into GMIS
5.6. Map Visualization and Analysis Map Visualization and Analysis is one of the GMIS's powerful functions. This enables users to analyze the municipality's existing scenario in different aspects based on the tabular data maintained by GMIS. This function helps each municipality in developing efficient planning, policy making and decision making in urban management and revenue enhancement. The system has the following functions:
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Building Infrastructure
Buildings by their functional use Buildings by number of floors Buildings by construction type Buildings by permit status Buildings with house address plates
Social welfare and Environment
Houses with household size Houses with number of people living in the house Houses with or without toilet Houses type of drinking water source Houses with range of daily water consumption Houses with the waste water discharge method Houses where disable people live Houses where elderly people live Houses where single woman live
Revenue Management
Buildings by their tax status
Roads
Roads by their surface type
A user can perform further analysis and create different scenarios by overlaying the scenario generated by these functions on the data layers such as the municipality's existing land use, planning and building by-laws, topography, etc. provided by the GMIS. Such analysis with different scenario map generated by system can assist each municipality in planning for disaster management, updating planning and building by laws, reviewing tax rate, identifying tax potential buildings, developing strategies for tax collection and enforcing rules for buildings without building permit, delivering efficient service to disable and elderly people, planning water and sanitation program for targeted houses and communities, developing road improvement program according to the status of the road.
Figures 14 to 16 are some of the analytical maps generated by GMIS based on the existing database.
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Figure 14. Map showing buildings with and without toilets in an area in Siddharthanagar
Figure 15. Map showing the buildings with their tax status
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Figure 16. Map showing roads with their surface type
A GMIS manual for the operation of GMIS prepared by SMUSDP provides more information about GMIS. SMUSDP has also prepared a guideline for implementing GMIS, to support municipalities and DUDBC in its implementation.