LAND AT CASTLE STREET, ALDBOURNE, WILTSHIRE
LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
On behalf of
THORNACRE LAND LIMITED
April 2020
REF: 20.1045
REV: A
WH Landscape Consultancy Ltd Sandcliffe House Northgate Street Devizes Wilts SN10 1JT
t: 01380 727539 e: [email protected] APPOINTMENT
WH Landscape Consultancy Ltd (WHLandscape) has been appointed by Thornacre Land Limited to undertake a Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (LVIA) for the proposed residential development on land at Castle Street, Aldbourne, Wiltshire.
WHLandscape has an established track record of assessing development proposals. The Practice has considerable experience in the field of landscape and visual assessment and uses tried and tested techniques developed and recognised by the Landscape Institute, Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment, and Natural England.
This LVIA has been undertaken by: Tom Allen BA (Hons) MA CMLI
Checked by: Will Harley BSc (Hons) CMLI
This document has been prepared in accordance with the scope of WHLandscape’s appointment with its client and is subject to the terms and conditions of that appointment.
WHLandscape accepts no liability for any use of this document other than by its client and only for the purposes for which it was prepared and provided.
If received electronically it is the recipient’s responsibility to print any plans within this document to the correct scale. Refer to written dimensions where provided.
© Copyright WH Landscape Consultancy Ltd. This document is issued on the condition it is not reproduced, retained or disclosed to any unauthorised person, either wholly or in part without written consent of WHLandscape.
Ordnance Survey © Crown Copyright 2020. All rights reserved. WHLandscape licence number: LAN1001422.
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. SCOPE AND ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY
3. LANDSCAPE PLANNING CONTEXT
4. BASELINE LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL STUDY
5. LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL ASSESSMENT
6. RECOMMENDED MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT
7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
8. REFERENCES
ILLUSTRATIVE MATERIAL
WHL-1045-01: LOCATION PLAN
WHL-1045-02: VERTICAL AERIAL
WHL-1045-03: LANDSCAPE CHARACTER
WHL-1045-04: DESIGNATIONS
WHL-1045-05: TOPOGRAPHY
WHL-1045-06: VIEWPOINT PLAN
WHL-1045-07: LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL ANALYSIS
WHL-1045-08: LANDSCAPE MITIGATION STRATEGY
APPENDICES APPENDIX 1: DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS
APPENDIX 2: VIEWPOINT PHOTOGRAPHS
Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 This LVIA provides an assessment of the landscape and visual effects associated with the proposed residential development of approximately 2.20 hectares (ha) land at Aldbourne, Wiltshire, hereby referred to as Site ‘A’ or the ‘development area’. A second site, hereby referred to as Site ‘B’ is located to the south of Site ‘A’, and although included within the red-line boundary and will be mentioned through the report, it will not be assessed, as it has been set aside for 1.44ha of Accessible Natural Greenspace (ANG), and will not actually be developed. The sites are located in the administrative area of Wiltshire Council, specifically Wiltshire Council Eastern Area, and is located within the North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). The findings of the appraisal will be used to determine the suitability of the proposals, as well as to suggest appropriate mitigation measures if required.
1.2 The application will see the development of Site ‘A’, including: • The construction of up to 35 dwellings, with off-street parking, and private amenity space. • The construction of infrastructure associated with residential development, including internal roads and pavements. • The creation of two areas of public open space to be used as soakaways. • Access to the site will be taken off Castle Street, through a roadside hedge and across adjacent land associated with 41 Castle Street. • A footway will be constructed along the roadside of Castle Street, to provide pedestrian access with Aldbourne.
1.3 For reference, Site ‘B’ will be used for the provision of community space, comprising the retention of allotments, and the delivery of ecological enhancements including the creation of conservation chalk grassland.
1.4 For this report, the policy context is taken from the National Planning Policy Framework (2019) (NPPF) and the Wiltshire Core Strategy (2015). The baseline landscape character has been taken from Natural England National Character Area Profile (NCA): 116. Berkshire and Marlborough Downs (2013), the North Wessex Downs AONB Integrated Landscape Character Assessment (2002), the Wiltshire Landscape Character Assessment (2005), and the East Wiltshire (formerly Kennet Distinct) Landscape Character Assessment (1998). Also of relevance to this project are the North Wessex Downs AONB Management Plan 2019-24 (2019), the North Wessex Downs AONB Position Statement on Housing (2012), and the Kennet Landscape Conservation Strategy (2005).
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire 2. SCOPE AND ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY
2.1 The LVA process is based on the following guidance: • Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment. 3rd ed. (GLVIA 3). • Landscape Character Assessment: Guidance for England and Scotland.
2.2 The LVIA is a tool used to identify and assess the likely effects of change resulting from development, both on the landscape as an environmental resource in its own right and on people’s views and visual amenity. Landscape Effects relate to changes to components of the landscape resource as a result of development. Visual Effects relate to the appearance of development, its effect on specific views and on the general visual amenity experienced by users of the landscape. The study area to be considered includes the site itself and the full extent of the wider landscape with the potential to be influenced by the development.
2.3 BASELINE LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL STUDY 2.3.1 The baseline study reviews the existing landscape and visual resources to determine and describe the conditions against which changes resulting from the development can be measured or predicted and assessed. The process comprises three stages, namely a desk study, field survey and baseline analysis. The baseline study helps identify the landscape and visual receptors which are considered susceptible to change as a result of the development and includes description, classification and evaluation. It forms the basis against which to assess the Magnitude of Effect and subsequently, the Significance of Effect of development on landscape and visual resources.
DESK STUDY RESOURCES 2.3.2 The following resources have been used to inform the field survey and the analysis:
Mapping • Ordnance Survey maps and vertical aerial photography • Definitive Rights of Way: Wiltshire Rights of Way Online • Geology: Geology of Britain Viewer (British Geological Survey) • Pedology: Soilscapes Map (Soilscapes) • Agricultural Land Classification (ALC) Map South West Region (Natural England) • Designations: Magic Interactive Mapping – Wiltshire Planning Explorer • Heritage assets: The National Heritage List for England (Historic England)
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Planning Policy • NPPF • Wiltshire Core Strategy
Character Assessment • NCA: 116. Berkshire and Marlborough Downs • Wiltshire Landscape Character Assessment • Kennet Landscape Character Assessment • North Wessex Downs AONB Integrated Landscape Character Assessment
Additional Documents • Aldbourne Conservation Area Statement • Kennet Landscape Conservation Strategy • North Wessex Downs AONB Management Plan 2019 – 2024 • North Wessex Downs AONB Position Statement on Housing • Wiltshire SHLAA Landscape Sensitivity Assessment on Sites within the North Wessex Downs AONB • Strategic Housing and Employment Land Availability Assessment
FIELD SURVEY 2.3.3 The desk study informs the field survey. Of particular relevance are the Ordnance Survey maps, aerial photography and the Landscape Character Assessments. The field survey is then used to gain a full appreciation of the relationship between the site and study area. The field work is supported by mapped viewpoints and photographic records, representative of, and relevant too, the development.
BASELINE ANALYSIS 2.3.4 The findings of the desk study and field survey inform the baseline analysis, which helps in determining the landscape value of the study area though description, classification and evaluation of the landscape and visual resources relevant to the application site and surrounding study area. Determining the value of the landscape as a resource helps in identifying specific landscape and visual receptors that have the potential to be affected by the development.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Landscape value 2.3.5 Landscape value is the relative value that is attached to different landscapes by society; a landscape may be valued by different stakeholders for a variety of reasons. While individual elements and features within the landscape may have value, including value in respect of character and designation, having specific elements and features of value does not mean an area is a valued landscape. Moreover, as identified in GLVIA 3, “the fact that an area of landscape is not designated either nationally or locally does not mean that it does not have any value”. Typically, value is determined against a series of predefined factors, to establish an overall landscape value of either Low, Medium, or High. However, depending on the extent to which a landscape is covered by a national statutory landscape designation, landscape value may automatically be defined as High.
2.3.6 When determining the value of the landscape as a resource, the following factors, adapted from Box 5.1 of GLVIA 3, are considered relevant to the assessment process: • Landscape Quality (condition): A measure of the physical state of the landscape. It may include the extent to which typical character is represented in individual areas, the intactness of the landscape and the condition of individual elements. • Scenic Quality: The term used to describe landscapes which appeal principally to the senses (primarily, but not exclusively, visual). • Representativeness: Whether the landscape contains a particular character and/or features and elements, which are considered particularly important examples thereof. • Rarity: The presence of rare features and elements in the landscape or the presence of a rare Landscape Character Area (LCA) and/or Landscape Character Type (LCT). • Conservation Interests: The presence of features of wildlife, earth science, archaeological or historical, and cultural interest can add to the value of a landscape, as well as having value in their own right. • Recreational Value: Evidence that the landscape is valued for recreational activity, where experience of the landscape is important. • Perceptual Aspects: A landscape may be valued for its perceptual qualities and/or tranquillity. • Associations: Some landscapes are associated with particular people, such as artists or writers, or an event in history that contribute to perceptions of natural beauty of the area.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Landscape Receptors 2.3.7 Landscape receptors will be selected to help ascertain the specific aspects of the landscape resource that have the potential to be affected by the development. Potential receptors include individual elements and features of the study area, both on and off site, as well as the distinct landscape character of the study area as a whole.
Visual Receptors 2.3.8 Visual receptors will initially be identified from where the desk study suggests that the development area may be visible, before being verified as part of the field survey. Views will primarily be recorded from Public Rights of Way (PRoWs) and other areas with public access, as well as public roads with full public and permissive access. Residential views will be considered, where appropriate, through the use of representative viewpoints. It should be noted views may be recorded from areas which the desk study suggests have no intervisibility with the site, moreover not all potential visual receptors will be recorded during the field survey (e.g. if there is an obvious lack of intervisibility).
2.4 ASSESSMENT OF LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL EFFECTS 2.4.1 The landscape assessment addresses changes in the fabric, character and key elements and features of the landscape resource. The visual assessment addresses changes in visual amenity, and the implication of those changes on specific visual receptors.
2.4.2 The assessment of effects aims to: • Estimate the sensitivity of landscape and visual receptors as a function of their value and their susceptibility to change. • Identify the Magnitude of Effect of the development. • Provide an assessment of the effects and, subsequently, the Nature of Effect in a logical and well-reasoned fashion. • Indicate suitable mitigation measures.
2.4.3 The LVIA will consider the likely effects of the proposed development in the context of receptor sensitivity in order to determine the potential effect on the underlying resource, with mitigation measures recommended if required. The overall landscape and visual effects of the development will then be reassessed to determine the effectiveness of the recommended mitigation at both implementation and at maturity.
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2.4.4 Designations which may affect the sensitivity of receptors will also be taken into consideration, where appropriate. In terms of listed buildings and other designated heritage assets as receptors, this report will only consider the potential effects on the historic landscape settings of these structures/areas. It should be noted that, although a development may be visible from a listed building or other designated historic asset, this does not automatically mean that there is an effect on its historic landscape setting.
2.4.5 Wherever possible, identified effects are quantified but, by its very nature, the LVIA requires a significant amount of interpretation and professional judgement. To be consistent, the prediction of Magnitude of Effect and the assessment of Significance of Effect have been based on pre-defined criteria.
LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT 2.4.6 Landscape Sensitivity is a function of the value of a landscape receptor, both as part of the landscape resource and as an individual element or feature, and its ability to accommodate the development without undue consequences for the maintenance of the baseline situation and/or the achievement of landscape planning polices and strategies. The following categories are used to determine susceptibility to change: • High: Development of the type proposed is such that changes would be entirely inconsistent with the character of the local area in relation to elements such as: pattern, grain, use, scale and mass. • Moderate: Development of the type proposed has a degree of consistency with the existing prevailing character and landscape elements. • Low: The development type proposed is entirely consistent with the character of the local area in pattern, grain, use, scale and mass.
Table 1a: Landscape Receptor Sensitivity
Level of Sensitivity Definition of Sensitivity High Important landscapes/landscape components of high value with a high susceptibility to change. Medium Important/moderately valued landscapes/landscape components with a moderate susceptibility to change. Low Moderately valued/relatively unimportant landscapes/landscape components with a low susceptibility to change. Negligible Degraded landscape tolerant of major change.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
2.4.7 Potential Landscape Effects have been assessed using the following thresholds in order to evaluate the Significance of Effect:
Table 1b: Magnitude of Landscape Effect
Level of Magnitude Definition of Magnitude Substantial Total loss or alteration of key elements, features and characteristics of the baseline condition (predevelopment). Moderate Partial loss or alteration of one or more key elements, features and characteristics of the baseline condition, such that the predevelopment condition will be partially changed. Slight Minor loss or alteration of one or more key elements, features and characteristics of the baseline condition, such that the baseline condition will be similar to the predevelopment circumstance. Negligible Very minor loss or alteration to one or more key elements, features and characteristics of the baseline condition, such that the changes are barely distinguishable.
VISUAL ASSESSMENT 2.4.8 Visual Sensitivity takes account of the value of routes/areas used by visual receptors including the extent to which attention is focused on the landscape, and the ability of specific views and/or visual amenity to accommodate the development. Certain views that are experienced may have a value attached through planning designations or in relation to heritage assets, or may be indicated on maps or in guidebooks. The following will be used in defining Visual Sensitivity:
Table 2a: Visual Receptor Sensitivity
Level of Sensitivity Definition of Sensitivity High Users of strategic rights of way, cycle paths, etc; important cultural, physical or historic features; views from beauty spots, picnic areas and principal views from residential properties. Places where the attention of the receptor is likely to be focused on the landscape. Medium Other public rights of way. Views from principal settlements and secondary views from residential properties. Places where the attention of the receptor may be focused on the landscape. Low Receptors engaged in activities other than for the appreciation of the landscape. Negligible Views from industrialised areas.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
2.4.9 Visual receptors are people, and Visual Effects have been assessed using the following thresholds in order to evaluate the Significance of Effect. The Magnitude of Visual Effect is based on the overall extent of the visibility. Factors such as distance from the development, duration of effect, screening, angle of view, backdrop to the development and extent of other built development are considered in respect of the Magnitude of Visual Effect.
Table 2b: Magnitude of Visual Effect
Level of Magnitude Definition of Magnitude Substantial Fundamental or very obvious change in the character, make-up and balance of the view. The proposals would be prominent or even dominant when considered in terms of the baseline condition. The established visual character would change. Moderate Moderate changes in the character, make-up and balance of the view, with the proposals noticeably distinct. This may lead to a change in the established visual character, depending upon the type of development proposed. Slight The proposals would be visible as a new feature. Change would be limited and would be unlikely to affect the established visual character as a whole. Negligible Virtually imperceptible change in the view. Whilst theoretically visible, the proposals would be faint, not legible or difficult for receptors to discern.
SIGNIFICANCE OF EFFECT 2.4.10 The Significance of Effect can be expressed as a correlation between the Magnitude of Effect and Landscape or Visual Sensitivity in a single matrix to determine significance as shown in Table 3. However, it must be noted that the matrix is not in itself a substitute for professional judgement, for which allowances must be made. Although mitigation measures are often proposed where the Significance of Effect is Minor or None, it is the Major and Major/Moderate categories which provide the highest level of significance in terms of effect on the landscape and visual resources.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Table 3: Significance of Effect as a Correlation of Sensitivity and Magnitude Applicable to both the Landscape Resource and Visual Amenity Landscape or Magnitude of Effect Visual Sensitivity Substantial Moderate Slight Negligible High Major Major/Moderate Moderate Moderate/Minor
Medium Major/Moderate Moderate Moderate/Minor Minor
Low Moderate Moderate/Minor Minor Minor/None
Negligible Moderate/Minor Minor Minor/None None
NATURE OF EFFECT 2.4.11 The calculation of a significant effect does not mean that change is Adverse; Nature of Effect is considered independently to the calculation of significance. Change as a result of development may be Positive or Adverse, to varying degrees, or Neutral. Neutral effects are those where change is considered to have neither a Positive nor Adverse effect on the landscape or visual resource being considered. Mitigation can change the Nature of Effect post development, with the aim being to lower the Magnitude of Effect and reduce Adverse effects as far as possible, ideally through mitigation measures that have a Positive effect on landscape and/or visual resources.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire 3. LANDSCAPE PLANNING CONTEXT
3.1 The following policy has been taken from the planning documents which are pertinent to the development of the site. The following policy extracts and, where applicable, excerpts of explanatory text, are relevant to the application. The policies listed will be used to guide the assessment and the mitigation strategy for the proposed development.
3.2 NATIONAL PLANNING POLICY FRAMEWORK 3.2.1 Originally published in March 2012, with subsequent revisions in July 2018 and most recently in June 2019, the NPPF sets out the Government’s planning policies for England and how these should be applied. It provides a framework within which locally-prepared plans for housing and other development can be produced. Of particular relevance to this assessment is Section 15. Conserving and Enhancing the Natural Environment, specifically paragraph 170, which states that “Planning policies and decisions should contribute to and enhance the natural and local environment by”:
• protecting and enhancing valued landscapes, sites of biodiversity or geological value and soils (in a manner commensurate with their statutory status or identified quality in the development plan); and:
• recognising the intrinsic character and beauty of the countryside, and the wider benefits from natural capital and ecosystem services – including the economic and other benefits of the best and most versatile agricultural land, and of trees and woodland;
3.2.2 Furthermore, in terms of the protection given to designated landscapes Section 15, paragraph 172, states:
Great weight should be given to conserving and enhancing landscape and scenic beauty in National Parks, the Broads and Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, which have the highest status of protection in relation to these issues. The conservation and enhancement of wildlife and cultural heritage are also important considerations in these areas, and should be given great weight in National Parks and the Broads. The scale and extent of development within these designated areas should be limited. Planning permission should be refused for major development other than in exceptional circumstances, and where it can be demonstrated that the development is in the public interest. Consideration of such applications should include an assessment of:
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a) the need for the development, including in terms of any national considerations, and the impact of permitting it, or refusing it, upon the local economy b) the cost of, and scope for, developing outside the designated area, or meeting the need for it in some other way; and c) any detrimental effect on the environment, the landscape and recreational opportunities, and the extent to which that could be moderated.
3.2.3 Also of relevance to this project is Section 12. Achieving Well-designed Places, specifically paragraph 127, which states:
Planning policies and decisions should ensure that developments: a) will function well and add to the overall quality of the area, not just for the short term but over the lifetime of the development; b) are visually attractive as a result of good architecture, layout and appropriate and effective landscaping; c) are sympathetic to local character and history, including the surrounding built environment and landscape setting, while not preventing or discouraging appropriate innovation or change (such as increased densities);
3.3 WILTSHIRE CORE STRATEGY 3.3.1 Adopted by Wiltshire Council in January 2015, the Wiltshire Core Strategy Development Plan Document replaced the four local plans that covered Wiltshire. The Core Strategy provides a positive and flexible overarching planning policy framework for Wiltshire for the period up to 2026 in order to ensure that any proposed development is of a high standard and is compatible with the character and visual qualities of the area.
CORE POLICY 50 – BIODIVERSITY AND GEODIVERSITY
PROTECTION Development proposals must demonstrate how they protect features of nature conservation and geological value as part of the design rationale. There is an expectation that such features shall be retained, buffered, and managed favourably in order to maintain their ecological value, connectivity and functionality in the long-term. Where it has been demonstrated that such features cannot be retained, removal or damage shall only be acceptable in circumstances where the anticipated ecological impacts have been mitigated as far as possible and appropriate compensatory measures can be secured to ensure no net loss of the local biodiversity resource, and secure the integrity of local ecological networks and provision of ecosystem services.
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All development proposals shall incorporate appropriate measures to avoid and reduce disturbance of sensitive wildlife species and habitats throughout the lifetime of the development.
Any development potentially affecting a Natura 2000 site must provide avoidance measures in accordance with the strategic plans of guidance set out in paragraphs 6.75-6.77 above where possible, otherwise bespoke measures must be provided to demonstrate that the proposals would have no adverse effect upon the Natura 2000 network. Any development that would have an adverse effect on the integrity of a European nature conservation site will not be in accordance with the Core Strategy.
BIODIVERSITY ENHANCEMENT All development should seek opportunities to enhance biodiversity. Major development in particular must include measures to deliver biodiversity gains through opportunities to restore, enhance and create valuable habitats, ecological networks and ecosystem services. Such enhancement measures will contribute to the objectives and targets of the Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) or River Basin/Catchment Management Plan, particularly through landscape scale projects, and be relevant to the local landscape character.
LOCAL SITES Sustainable development will avoid direct and indirect impacts upon local sites through sensitive site location and layout, and by maintaining sufficient buffers and ecological connectivity with the wider environment. Damage or disturbance to local sites will generally be unacceptable, other than in exceptional circumstances where it has been demonstrated that such impacts: i. cannot reasonably be avoided ii. are reduced as far as possible iii. are outweighed by other planning considerations in the public interest iv. where appropriate compensation measures can be secured through planning obligations or agreements.
Development proposals affecting local sites must make a reasonable contribution to their favourable management in the long-term.
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CORE POLICY 51 – LANDSCAPE
Development should protect, conserve and where possible enhance landscape character and must not have a harmful impact upon landscape character, while any negative impacts must be mitigated as far as possible through sensitive design and landscape measures. Proposals should be informed by and sympathetic to the distinctive character areas identified in the relevant Landscape Character Assessment(s) and any other relevant assessments and studies. In particular, proposals will need to demonstrate that the following aspects of landscape character have been conserved and where possible enhanced through sensitive design, landscape mitigation and enhancement measures:
i. The locally distinctive pattern and species composition of natural features such as trees, hedgerows, woodland, field boundaries, watercourses and waterbodies. ii. The locally distinctive character of settlements and their landscape settings. iii. The separate identity of settlements and the transition between man-made and natural landscapes at the urban fringe. iv. Visually sensitive skylines, soils, geographical and topological features. v. Landscape features of cultural, historic and heritage value. vi. Important views and visual amenity. vii. Tranquillity and the need to protect against intrusion from light pollution, noise and motion. viii. Landscape functions including places to live, work, relax and recreate. ix. Special qualities of Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONBs) and the New Forest National Park, where great weight will be afforded to conserving and enhancing landscapes and scenic beauty.
Proposals for development within or affecting the Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONBs), New Forest National Park (NFNP) or Stonehenge and Avebury World Heritage Site (WHS) shall demonstrate that they have taken account of the objectives, policies and actions set out in the relevant Management Plans for these areas. Proposals for development outside of an AONB that is sufficiently prominent (in terms of its siting or scale) to have an impact on the area’s special qualities (as set out in the relevant management plan), must also demonstrate that it would not adversely affect its setting.
CORE POLICY 52 – GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE
Development shall make provision for the retention and enhancement of Wiltshire’s green infrastructure network, and shall ensure that suitable links to the network are provided and maintained. Where development is permitted developers will be required to:
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i. Retain and enhance existing on site green infrastructure ii. Make provision for accessible open spaces in accordance with the requirements of the adopted Wiltshire Open Space Standards. iii. Put measures in place to ensure appropriate long-term management of any green infrastructure directly related to the development. iv. Provide appropriate contributions towards the delivery of the Wiltshire Green Infrastructure Strategy v. Identify and provide opportunities to enhance and improve linkages between the natural and historic landscapes of Wiltshire
If damage or loss of existing green infrastructure is unavoidable, the creation of new or replacement green infrastructure equal to or above its current value and quality, that maintains the integrity and functionality of the green infrastructure network, will be required.
Proposals for major development should be accompanied by an audit of the existing green infrastructure within and around the site and a statement demonstrating how this will be retained and enhanced through the development process.
Development will not adversely affect the integrity and value of the green infrastructure network, prejudice the delivery of the Wiltshire Green Infrastructure Strategy, or provide inadequate green infrastructure mitigation.
Green infrastructure projects and initiatives that contribute to the delivery of a high quality and highly valued multi-functional green infrastructure network in accordance with the Wiltshire Green Infrastructure Strategy will be supported. Contributions (financial or other) to support such projects and initiatives will be required where appropriate from developers
CORE POLICY 57 – ENSURING HIGH QUALITY DESIGN AND PLACE SHAPING
A high standard of design is required in all new developments, including extensions, alterations, and changes of use of existing buildings. Development is expected to create a strong sense of place through drawing on the local context and being complementary to the locality. Applications for new development must be accompanied by appropriate information to demonstrate how the proposal will make a positive contribution to the character of Wiltshire through: i. Enhancing local distinctiveness by responding to the value of the natural and historic environment, relating positively to its landscape setting and the existing pattern of
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development and responding to local topography by ensuring that important views into, within and out of the site are to be retained and enhanced. ii. The retention and enhancement of existing important landscaping and natural features, (e.g. trees, hedges, banks and watercourses), in order to take opportunities to enhance biodiversity, create wildlife and recreational corridors, effectively integrate the development into its setting and to justify and mitigate against any losses that may occur through the development. iii. Responding positively to the existing townscape and landscape features in terms of building layouts, built form, height, mass, scale, building line, plot size, elevational design, materials, streetscape and rooflines to effectively integrate the building into its setting. iv. Being sympathetic to and conserving historic buildings and historic landscapes. v. The maximisation of opportunities for sustainable construction techniques, use of renewable energy sources and ensuring buildings and spaces are orientated to gain maximum benefit from sunlight and passive solar energy, in accordance with Core Policy 41 (Sustainable Construction and Low Carbon Energy). vi. Making efficient use of land whilst taking account of the characteristics of the site and the local context to deliver an appropriate development which relates effectively to the immediate setting and to the wider character of the area. vii. Having regard to the compatibility of adjoining buildings and uses, the impact on the amenities of existing occupants, and ensuring that appropriate levels of amenity are achievable within the development itself, including the consideration of privacy, overshadowing, vibration, and pollution (e.g. light intrusion, noise, smoke, fumes, effluent, waste or litter). viii. Incorporating measures to reduce any actual or perceived opportunities for crime or antisocial behaviour on the site and in the surrounding area through the creation of visually attractive frontages that have windows and doors located to assist in the informal surveillance of public and shared areas by occupants of the site. ix. Ensuring that the public realm, including new roads and other rights of way, are designed to create places of character which are legible, safe and accessible in accordance with Core Policy 66 (Strategic Transport Network). x. The sensitive design of advertisements and signage, which are appropriate and sympathetic to their local setting by means of scale, design, lighting and materials. xi. Taking account of the needs of potential occupants, through planning for diversity and adaptability, and considering how buildings and space will be used in the immediate and long term future.
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xii. The use of high standards of building materials, finishes and landscaping, including the provision of street furniture and the integration of art and design in the public realm. xiii. The case of major developments, ensuring they are accompanied by a detailed design statement and masterplan, which is based on an analysis of the local context and assessment of constraints and opportunities of the site and is informed by a development concept, including clearly stated design principles, which will underpin the character of the new place. xiv. Meeting the requirements of Core Policy 61 (Transport and New Development).
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire 4. BASELINE LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL STUDY
4.1 LOCATION AND CONTEXT 4.1.1 Site ‘A’ is located off Castle Street, on land on the western residential edge of Aldbourne, in the county of Wiltshire. It covers approximately 2.2 ha of land on the north-eastern corner of a much larger arable field. Currently there is no direct access into the site from Aldbourne or from Castle Street, with access being from gates in the boundaries of the wider field to the west.
4.1.2 Site ‘B’ is located to the north of Stock Lane, and to the south of Site ‘A’. It covers 1.44ha of largely agricultural land, with a small section on its eastern side used as allotments with a field access onto Stock Lane. The site is bordered to the north by a recreational field and the rear of the properties on Whitley Road, while to the east the land is also bordered by the rear gardens of the dwellings off a cul-de-sac off Whitley Road, and Valley View. A roadside hedge along Stock Lane defines the southern boundary, while the western boundary is open onto an adjacent agricultural field.
4.1.3 The entirety of the study area and the sites fall within the North Wessex Downs AONB, which confers a national landscape designation onto the area for the purpose of conserving and enhancing natural beauty including landform, geology, biodiversity, landscape features and human settlement.
4.2 LANDSCAPE CHARACTER 4.2.1 The following Landscape Character Assessments have been used to establish the baseline character of study area: • Natural England NCA: 116. Berkshire and Marlborough Downs • North Wessex Downs AONB Integrated Landscape Character Assessment • Wiltshire Landscape Character Assessment • Kennet Landscape Character Assessment
4.2.2 Only the information pertaining to the LCAs and LCTs in which the site is located has been listed in order to help establish its unique landscape character as well as to determine the site’s contribution to the landscape character, elements, and features which define the wider landscape. It is important to note that, due to the extent of individual Character Areas and Types, some of the listed information may not be wholly relevant to the site and surrounding landscape.
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NATIONAL CHARACTER AREA PROFILES 4.2.3 In 2012, Natural England, as part of its responsibilities in delivering the Natural Environment White Paper, Biodiversity 2020 and the European Landscape Convention, revised the National Character Area Profiles to make environmental evidence and information easily available to a wider audience. The site and entire study area fall within the NCA: 116. Berkshire and Marlborough Downs.
NCA: 116. BERKSHIRE AND MARLBOROUGH DOWNS – KEY CHARACTERISTICS:
• Uplifted mass of Chalk dipping south-east into the London Basin and edged by an extensive, complex escarpment. Rolling hills of the dipslope defined by the River Kennet valley and its tributaries, many of which are dry ‘combes’. • Sarsen stones are prominent in prehistoric monuments, in historical buildings and in the countryside. • Chalk rivers, wet woodland, reedbed and wet grassland in the major chalk valleys, supported by groundwater. River Lambourn displays exemplary chalk river ecology. • Woodland and hedgerows concentrated on clay-with-flint soils of the lower dip slope where Savernake Forest is the nucleus of ancient woodland. Isolated beech clumps and shelterbelts stand out on the hills. • Huge arable fields managed in very large holdings stretch across the chalk soils of the uplands, bounded by post-and-wire fencing and grass baulks. In the valleys and around Savernake, agriculture is more mixed and boundaries are irregular and hedged, often with oak trees. Savernake farmsteads are small scale. • Gallops and stables of large horse-racing establishments, with a nucleus in the Lambourn Valley. • Small areas of species-rich chalk grassland scattered on the scarps and steep slopes of dry valleys display colourful and rare plants such as early gentian. • Mosaic of farmland habitats supports established populations of farmland birds, arable plants, harvest mouse and brown hare. • High density of monuments, many being prominent landmarks across the arable uplands including stone circles, hill forts, barrows, chalk-cut horse figures and historic routeways. Avebury World Heritage Site is internationally significant. • Traditional building materials include thatch, red brick, flint and sarsens. • Settlement is sparse on the high Downs, offering experiences of tranquillity, dark skies and far-reaching views. Villages cluster in valley bottoms and near springs, often associated with historical mills, watercress beds and watermeadows, and farmsteads at low densities.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
• Recreation focused on limited areas of open access land, well-known heritage features including Avebury and historic routeways, including the Ridgeway National Trail and Kennet and Avon Canal. Private fishing interests dominate access to chalk streams.
• The Vale of Pewsey is a low-lying corridor of Upper Greensand enclosed by chalk escarpments. Villages are densely scattered across high-grade agricultural land supporting mixed agriculture.
WILTSHIRE LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENT 4.2.4 In December 2005, Land Use Consultants, on behalf of Wiltshire County Council, published the Wiltshire Landscape Character Assessment. The site falls within LCT 1: Open Downland, specifically LCA 1B: Marlborough Downs.
LCT 1: OPEN DOWNLAND – DESCRIPTION
Location and Boundaries: The Open Downland Landscape Type is an expansive area forming a high, undulating chalk plateau extending northeast from central Wiltshire, with boundaries defined by the elevated topography and Upper Chalk geology. Within this landscape type, there are two geographically distinct character areas. Area 1A: Horton Downs rising above the Vale of Pewsey and the 1B: Marlborough Downs extending north of the Kennet River Valley.
The Open Downland forms part of the North Wessex Downs AONB.
Key Characteristics: • Elevated plateau formed by the hard Middle and Upper Chalks. Soils are predominantly thin light, free draining calcareous and nutrient poor black or brown soils.
• Open, smoothly rolling downland, dissected by a network of dry valleys and long sinuous steep scarps.
• Sarsen stones are a locally distinctive feature.
• An expansive and simple rural landscape, with strong sweeping skylines with a strong sense of exposure and remoteness.
• A landscape largely devoid of water due to the porosity of the chalk bedrock.
• Dominated by intensively managed arable farmland with a few hedgerows and occasional wooded areas. Woodlands are virtually absent apart from the occasional linear shelterbelt and distinctive beech clumps crowning the summits.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
• Varied field patterns including ‘ladder’ fields and large rectangular fields.
• Extensive, isolated blocks of chalk grassland survive along the steep scarp slopes and dry valley sides.
• Very sparsely populated, generally restricted to scattered farms and equestrian establishments contributing to strong sense of isolation.
• Varied built character including traditional knapped flint and brick, timber framed weather-boarded aisled barns and large scale modern farm buildings.
• Numerous tracks, byways, green lanes and drove roads.
• Strong cultural resonance with visible features from many periods of history, but with particularly strong associations with the prehistoric in the form of dramatic visible field monuments.
LCA 1B: Marlborough Downs The Marlborough Downs forms an expansive landscape of smoothly rolling downland, mostly under arable cultivation. Internally, the landform is topographically complex and includes the dramatic long sinuous scarps interlocking gently rounded summits such as Overton Down and Ogbourne Down, with the intersecting valleys. Barbury Hill (268m) and other elevated points along the top of the northern escarpment provide distant views across the adjacent lower lying vale.
This is a very open landscape with long views, revealing the subtle curves and undulations of the underlying landform. The absence of field boundaries and woodland, combined with the elevation, creates a remote character. To the east of the Og valley land cover is more diverse with scattered woodland blocks within arable farmland. Distinctive features include the beech clumps which crown the open summits. The Marlborough Downs have strong cultural resonance visibly expressed by the sarsen stones, round barrows and hill forts. The sarsen stones, scattered across the landscape at Fyfield Down and Overton Down are an outstanding feature. Surviving areas of permanent pasture are concentrated along the scarp slopes to the north and west of the area, with some sections of the scarp slope beginning to be covered by regenerating scrub.
The Ridgeway, an important prehistoric route runs along the top of the northern escarpment. The downs are very sparsely settled with Baydon on a scarp edge in the north-east part of the Downs and the tiny clustered hamlets of Rockley and Upper Upham sheltering in dry valleys. The larger nucleated settlement of Aldbourne is isolated, nestled at the head of a
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
winterbourne valley. Elsewhere settlement is limited to occasional isolated farms, with a concentration of equestrian establishments and gallops on the western part of the downs. Traditional building materials include brick, flint, sarsen and clunch with roofs of thatch or clay tile.
LCT 1: OPEN DOWNLAND – EVALUATION
Positive landscape features of significance: • Large scale open landscape with little settlement and sweeping skylines • Strong sense of remoteness and isolation • Important tracts of chalk grassland along the steep scarp slopes and dry valley sides, several of which have been designated SSSIs • Numerous sites of immense historic interest with field monuments particularly relating to the Neolithic and Bronze Age • Dramatic chalk-cut white horses • Distinctive beech clumps • Occurrence of Sarsen stone, with important lichen and moss colonies.
Forces for change: • In the past intensive arable agriculture has resulted in loss of biodiversity (chalk grassland) and ploughing up of important historic monuments. Schemes such as the Environmental Stewardship Scheme aim to make farming techniques more sustainable. • Further reduction in livestock, so that there is no longer the means to maintain existing areas of pasture. Some marginal areas are regenerating with scrub. • Requirements for new large scale farm buildings plus other farm units becoming redundant with potential for conversion. • Demand for new crops and land uses which would break up the simple open landscape. • Climate change may affect the distinctive beech clumps crowning the open summits with changes in the level of the water table impacting on the health of these shallow rooted trees. • Potential impact of tall structures - communications masts and transmitters plus future renewable energy developments (wind turbines) that will be particularly intrusive on the strong sweeping skylines and could have a major impact on the sense of remoteness. • Small scale incremental development (signage, fencing, road improvements) that would impinge on the simple, open character.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Inherent landscape sensitivities: • The sense of remoteness and isolation. • Areas rich in arable biodiversity, unimproved chalk and neutral grassland found on the steeper slopes which are an important ecological and landscape resource. • Clumps of trees crowning the hilltops forming prominent landscape features. • Surviving historic monuments are sensitive to intensive agricultural practices • The openness of the downland plateau and long views have a high visual sensitivity to change • Strong skylines and scarp tops are also particularly visually sensitive
KENNET LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENT 4.2.5 In 1998, Atlantic Consultants, on behalf of Kennet District Council (now part of Wiltshire Council), published the Kennet Landscape Character Assessment. The document gives a detailed assessment of the landscape character of the district. The site falls within Character Area 2: Marlborough Downs.
LCA 2: MARLBOROUGH DOWNS – DESCRIPTION
Overview: An area of high chalk uplands which sweeps across the north of the District, defined on its western and northern edges by the crest of a prominent, steep chalk scarp, to the south by the valley of the River Kennet and to the east by the District boundary. The high chalk plateau forms an expansive landscape of open, smoothly rolling downland, mostly under intensive arable farming but with areas of remnant chalk grassland on steeper slopes and on conservation sites such as Fyfield Down. It is heavily dissected by a network of dry chalk valleys, or combes, and the valleys of the Rivers Og, and Aldbourne which cut through the area from north to south. Horse gallops and other features of the racing industry are distinctive features of the area.
Landscape and Visual Character: The distinctive character of the area is dominated by the topography and vegetation of the chalk downland, while its elevation above the Kennet Valley and above the Lower Chalk plain of Area 1 clearly define its extent. Although topographically complex at the local level, the variety of slope form, and elevation is consistent across the area and creates an attractive and at times dramatic landscape. It is visually diverse as a result of the vegetation cover over landform so that the open rolling downs of the west and northern areas are contrasted with more enclosed and well wooded areas in the east. These eastern areas also reflect
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
characteristics of large farm estates where intensively farmed arable land occurs in a mosaic with woodland managed for sporting purposes. Settlements nestling in intimate valleys within the chalk such as Rockley, the Ogbournes and Aldbourne are important and attractive features of the landscape.
Development Sensitivities: • the whole area has an essentially rural, agricultural character and large parts are devoid of settlement with a remote and inaccessible character, within which built development would be out of place; • the remnant areas of unimproved grassland at Fyfield Down and on the steep scarps are of particular landscape, ecological and historical value and are highly sensitive to change; • the open arable landscapes which dominate this area are very visually exposed and development of any kind, but particularly large-scale or tall structures such as communications masts, would be highly visible over long distances (as an example, Membury telecommunications mast is visible from many parts of this area); • areas of valley floor pasture associated with the River Og represent a scarce landscape resource and are also particularly sensitive to change; • areas of enclosed farmland with an intact hedgerow structure are more visually contained. These areas are potentially more able to accommodate that essential development which must be located in the countryside, but only where it would not compromise their rural, unspoilt character; • dense blocks of woodland are more robust and in landscape and visual terms are potentially more able to accommodate development but only where their wooded character is maintained and where they are of planted origin and of low nature conservation value; • areas of parkland or estate landscape have particularly distinctive and attractive qualities and are sensitive to built development.
NORTH WESSEX DOWNS AONB INTEGRATED LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENT 4.2.6 In March 2002 the Council of Partners adopted the North Wessex Downs AONB Integrated Landscape Character Assessment. The assessment was produced by Land Use Consultants and establishes the identity of the AONB and provides a summary of the main influences on the contemporary landscape character. The Landscape Character Assessment also provides detailed information on the key issues and management requirements relevant to the AONB's specific LCT and LCA. The study area is located within
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Landscape Character Type 1: Open Downland – Key Characteristics
• an elevated plateau formed by the hard Middle and Upper Chalks. Soils are predominantly thin light, free draining calcareous and nutrient poor black or brown soils; • open, smoothly rolling downland, dissected by a network of dry valleys and long sinuous steep scarps. Strong sweeping skylines; • a landscape largely devoid of water due to the porosity of the chalk bedrock; • dominated by intensively managed arable farmland with a few hedgerows and occasional wooded areas. Woodlands are virtually absent apart from the occasional linear shelterbelt and distinctive beech clumps crowning the summits; • varied field patterns including ‘ladder’ fields and large rectangular fields; • fragmented and isolated blocks of chalk grassland survive along the steep scarp slopes and dry valley sides and together these form an important component of the chalk grassland resource of the AONB; • very sparsely populated - generally restricted to scattered farms and equestrian establishments - contributing to strong sense of isolation; • varied built character including traditional knapped flint and brick, timber framed weather boarded aisled barns and large scale modern farm buildings; • recreational opportunities are characterised by the numerous tracks, byways, green lanes and footpaths plus open access associated with archaeological sites and nature reserves; • closely associated with the race horse industry, with horse gallops being a distinctive feature; • strong cultural resonance – visible features from many periods of history, but with particularly strong associations with the prehistoric in the form dramatic visible field monuments; • remote, isolated settlements characterised by low service levels, resulting in a reliance upon access to the private car with consequent impact on traffic. Population levels increasing slightly; • overall a very strong sense of remoteness and solitude.
Landscape Character Area 1A: Marlborough Downs
Description: The elevated chalk plateau of the Marlborough Downs forms an open expansive landscape of smoothly rolling downland, mostly under arable cultivation. Internally, the landform is topographically complex and includes the dramatic long sinuous scarps of Hackpen and Smeeths Ridge, interlocking gently rounded summits such as Overton Down and Ogbourne Down, with the intersecting valleys of the Og and Aldbourne creating further diversity. Barbury Hill (268m) and
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
other elevated points along the top of the northern escarpment provide distant views across the adjacent lower lying Vale that extends beyond the AONB boundary.
Arable farmland dominates throughout, and is an almost exclusive land use on the high land in the north and west of the area, for example around Upper Upham and Ogbourne Down. This results in a very open landscape with long views, revealing the subtle curves and undulations of the underlying landform. The absence of field boundaries and woodland, combined with the elevation, creates a remote character that varies according to the weather from exposed and bleak to dramatic and exhilarating. To the east of the Og valley land cover is more diverse with scattered woodland blocks within arable farmland including ancient oak and ash woods on the slopes dipping down to the River Kennet creating a more enclosed landscape. The valleys of the Og and Aldbourne also have a more intimate character with their attractive settlements and remnant areas of valley floor pasture and hedged fields. Distinctive features include the beech clumps which crown the open summits as well as linear shelterbelt plantations such as at Mans Head.
The Marlborough Downs are a landscape with a very strong cultural resonance visibly expressed by the sarsen stones, round barrows and hill forts. Prominent Bronze Age round barrows occur following the lines of ridges and the scarp top and the Iron Age hill forts at Liddington Castle and Barbury Castle are strategically located along the scarp summit. The sarsen stones, scattered across the landscape at Fyfield Down and Overton Down are an outstanding feature. Surviving areas of permanent pasture are concentrated along the scarp slopes to the north and west of the area, with some sections of the scarp slope beginning to be covered by regenerating scrub. Although unimproved pasture is scarce and fragmented, Fyfield Down (SSSI and NNR) on the western edge of the Marlborough Downs is an important intact area and contains a range of grasslands ranging from acidic on Clay-with-Flints through to neutral and chalk grassland. It is also an important geomorphological site and displays the best assemblages of sarsen stones in Britain, supporting a nationally important lichen flora.
Several small attractive linear settlements shelter in the valleys of the Marlborough Downs and are an important feature of the character area. The small villages of Ogbourne St. George, Ogbourne St. Andrew and Ogbourne Maizey are located at regular intervals along the Og valley. Aldbourne nestles at the head of the Aldbourne Valley, while Baydon is on a scarp edge in the north-east part of the Downs. The tiny clustered hamlets of Rockley and Upper Upham shelter in dry valleys. Outside the valleys settlement is very sparse and limited to occasional isolated farms, with a concentration of equestrian establishments and gallops on the western part of the downs. Traditional building materials include brick, flint, sarsen and clunch with roofs of thatch or clay tile.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
A network of relatively straight roads connect the settlements, with the A346 running north- south through the area following the course of a Roman Road and the Og Valley linking Swindon and Marlborough. An extensive network of public rights of way including the Ridgeway National Trail and the Chisledon and Marlborough Railway Path cross the area. Within this network of roads and paths, high summits such as Ogbourne Down remain inaccessible and remote.
Key Characteristics:
• dominated by the hard rocks of Upper Chalk, with the Middle Chalk in the north west of the forming the escarpment west of Ogbourne St. George. Clay-with-Flint overlies the Upper Chalk on some high summits; • strongly articulated landform dissected by steep scarps, dry valleys plus valleys of the Og and Aldbourne with the land rising to gently rounded summits. The landform creates a very distinct and dramatic skyline; • an open expansive landscape dominated by arable farmland and absence of field boundaries allowing extensive views - a more enclosed landscape with woodland occurs to the east; • notable for the concentration of sarsen stones plus numerous Bronze Age round barrows, many of which survive as highly visible earthworks. Prominent Iron Age hill forts such as Barbury Castle and Liddington Castle are strategically located along the northern scarp and Ridgeway; • permanent pasture survives in small fragmented sites mainly concentrated along the scarp slopes to the north and west of the area, with some sections beginning to be covered by regenerating scrub; • Fyfield Down on the western edge of the Marlborough Downs represent a significant intact area of chalk grassland. It is also an important geomorphological site and displays the best assemblages of sarsen stones in Britain, with classic examples of sarsen trains. The rock exposures also support a nationally important lichen flora; • attractive small village settlements concentrated along the valleys of the Og and Aldbourne - elsewhere settlement is very sparse; • traditional buildings materials include brick, flint and clunch with walls of thatch or clay tile. A particular feature of the built vernacular is the use of the distinctive blue-grey sarsen stone; • extensive network of public rights of way, including the Ridgeway National Trail and the Chiseldon and Marlborough Railway Path; • horse gallops and other features associated with the race horse industry are a distinctive feature of the area;
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• distinctive beech clumps crown the open summits as well as shelterbelt plantations such as that at Mans Head. To the east scattered woodland blocks occur on slopes that dip down towards the River Kennet.
4.3 THE SITE AND STUDY AREA 4.3.1 Topographically, the study area is defined by its undulating valley landform. The bedrock across the study area and beneath the site is chalk, which is associated with an environment previously dominated by warm chalk seas. There are superficial deposits within the study area, which are closely associated with the distinct topography of the area. The more elevated land has a superficial deposit of Clay with Flints Formation - clay, silt, sand and gravel created from a local environment previously dominated by weathering processes. The lower regions have superficial deposits of Head – clay, silt, sand and gravel which is a detrital deposit associated with a local environment previously dominated by subaerial slopes.
4.3.2 The valley landform associated with the study area provides a series of prominent ridgelines, surrounding the site, which is located on the edge of a bowl created by a junction of several dry valleys. The ridge top locations provide a selection of high points surrounding the site: to the north is a high point of 187m Above Ordnance Datum (AOD) located along the Aldbourne Circular Route Recreational Route; to the east and north-east a ridge provides high points ranging from 198m AOD up to 223m AOD on Green Hill; to the south is a high point of 210m AOD at Ewin’s Hill; to the west is a high point of 220m AOD at The Dean; and to the north-west is a high point of 233m AOD close to a copse adjacent to the Aldbourne Circular Route Recreational Route. The lowest point in the study area is at 125m AOD, located within Aldbourne. Site ‘A’ itself is located on the lower region of an eastern facing slope with a high point of 155m AOD on its north-west corner, and a low point of 135m AOD on its southern boundary. Site ‘B’ is located on a steep north facing slope with a highpoint of 160m AOD on its south-western corner, and a low point of 140m AOD on its northern boundary.
4.3.3 Historically, there is evidence of the landscape having been occupied for thousands of years, with the presence of The Giant’s Grave round barrow cemetery Scheduled Ancient Monument (SAM) and a further barrow cemetery SAM on an adjacent ridgeline, both of which are located to the north-west of the sites. There is also a Village Cross SAM located to the north-east of the sites within Aldbourne. The present-day field pattern of the study area is varied, but largely consists of larger fields enclosed during the later 18th and 19th centuries leading to a characteristic regularity within
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire the landscape with straight field boundaries and tracks. The site is located on the edge of one such field.
4.3.4 The sites contain no known heritage assets either designated or undesignated. The closest historic heritage designation is the Aldbourne Conservation Area which is located approximately 15m to the north of the Site ‘A’, and 190m to the east of Site ‘B’. Located within the conservation area is the Grade I listed Church of St Michael, as well as a number of Grade II listed buildings, the closest of which to the development area is Westfield Farmhouse approximately 140m to the north- east. There are a further three Grade II listed buildings in the wider study area. Present day settlement within the study area is defined by the village of Aldbourne. Aside from Aldbourne, other settlement in the study area consists of isolated farmsteads.
4.3.5 The landscape is made up of three soil types which broadly reflects the area’s topography. The lower levels, along the valley floors have a soil type which is freely draining lime-rich and loamy; the rising land on the valley sides has freely draining shallow lime-rich soils over chalk or limestone; and the more elevated land along the ridgelines consist of freely draining slightly acid loamy soils. The soil types also reflect the recorded Agricultural Land Classifications covering the study area, the majority of which, including the sites, is Grade 3 - Good to Moderate (sub-grade not specified). To the north of the site and running along the B4192/West Street, and another unnamed road running north from Aldbourne, the land is listed as Grade 2 - Very Good; and to the south is a stretch of Grade 4 – Poor. The landuse of the study area is predominantly agricultural and broadly reflects the quality of the land, with much of the land generally used for arable crop production. There is however some pasture present, particularly in the smaller fields within the study area; and scattered equestrian development.
4.3.6 The agricultural land throughout the study area is broken up by occasional woodland blocks and copses, typically in the form of linear shelterbelts and distinctive beech clumps. Additionally, there is a relatively high level of tree cover within Aldbourne itself; and on the surrounding valley sides, forming tree belts and field boundaries. Hedgerow cover is also generally strong along roadsides, however due to intensive farming practices it is fragmented across much of the study area, particularly on the more elevated land.
4.3.7 Vegetation across the development area is limited to the current crop being grown on the field, and rough grassland on the field margins. Mature hedging and tree cover define the
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire development area’s northern roadside boundary; the eastern and southern boundaries are defined by hedgerow with some tree cover within it; and the western boundary is defined by a recently planted woodland, beyond which is a field bounded by a dense southern boundary hedge, and a fragmented western hedge. The proposed footway alongside Castle Street currently consists of a grassed verge. There are no Tree Preservation Orders (TPOs) covering the trees on either of the sites, however, there is a row of trees located close to the south-eastern corner of the development area which are covered by a TPO, but due to the development being located away from this corner, these trees will not be affected. The boundary trees and hedges create the setting for the development area and should be retained as far as possible, and enhanced where necessary. Neither site is covered by any natural environment designations, and aside from the TPOs, the only other designation is The Great Western Community Forest, which is located on the northern part of the study area. This designation will not be affected by the proposed development.
4.3.8 Pedestrian access through the study area primarily consists of a network of PRoW, which provide pedestrian links through the study area and into the wider countryside. No PRoWs cross or run directly adjacent to either site, with the closest PRoW being Footpath ALDB28 approximately 125m to the north of the development area. The most notable route in the study area is the Aldbourne Circular Route Recreational Route, which runs from the north-west of the site, and follows the ridgeline south-east towards Aldbourne, before following another ridgeline running north out of Aldbourne. Other notable PRoWs in the study area are on elevated land, and include: Footpath ALBD23, and Bridleways BAYD8 and BAYD7 to the north-east; Footpath BAYD21 and Bridleway RAMS28 to the east; Footpath ALDB82, and Bridleways ALDB4, ALDB5 & ALDB6 to the south; Bridleway ALDB32 and ALDB30 to the north-west; and Bridleway ALDB29, and Byway ALDB20.
4.3.9 Vehicular access through the study area is primarily provided by a series of minor roads as well as access tracks/drives. Aldbourne provides a central point for a junction of roads which branch into the surrounding area. The largest road is the B1492, located to the east of the sites, which bisects the study area on a north-west/south-east axis, providing a route to Swindon to the north-west and Hungerford to the south-east. In respect of the proposed development, the most notable road is Castle Street which runs adjacent to the Site ‘A’s northern boundary. Castle Street links Site ‘A’ and Aldbourne to Ogbourne St George to the west.
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4.4 BASELINE ANALYSIS 4.4.1 The findings of the desk study and field survey have been used to determine the landscape value of the study area, and subsequently identify specific landscape and visual receptors that have the potential to be affected by the development. As the site and entire study area are located within the North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, which confers a national statutory landscape designation onto the landscape, the overall value of the landscape is considered to be High.
4.4.2 The proposed development will be appraised against the identified receptors so as to determine the Significance of Effect of the development on specific aspects of the landscape resource, leading to an overall calculation of Significance of Effect on the landscape resource as a whole.
4.4.3 It should be noted that, while specific receptors have been identified for consideration, this does not necessarily mean that they will be significantly and/or adversely affected by the proposals. Moreover, where there are Significant and/or Adverse effects on specific receptors, this does not mean that there will be Significant Adverse effects on the study area as a whole.
LANDSCAPE RECEPTORS 4.4.4 The following landscape receptors have been identified as being aspects of the landscape resource that have the potential to be affected by the proposals: • Established landscape character, elements, and features (which define the LCAs and LCTs in which the site is located). • The effect of the development on the character of the North Wessex Downs AONB. • Existing on-site and boundary vegetation and its importance in respect of the site itself, as well as part of the wider study area. • The importance of the site as an area of undeveloped land on the edge of Aldbourne. • The natural environment designated areas located in the study area. • The historic environment of the study area, and the site’s relationship with listed and notable non-listed heritage assets.
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VISUAL RECEPTORS 4.4.5 The following visual receptors locations have been identified as having potential intervisibility with the proposals: • Castle Street and Stock Lane • The local PRoW network • The Aldbourne Circular Route Recreation Route • The residential edge of Aldbourne
4.4.6 Furthermore, the following specific receptor locations will be considered: • The Giant’s Grave SAM • The Four Barrows SAM • The highpoints of surrounding ridgelines
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire 5. LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL ASSESSMENT 5.1 LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT 5.1.1 The Landscape Value of the study area as a whole is High, due to its inclusion within the North Wessex Downs AONB which confers a national statutory landscape designation onto the landscape. The overall Susceptibility to Change of the development area as a component of the landscape is considered Medium – Low in respect of the development proposed. The local topography of the area provides an undulating valley landscape which allows for panoramic views, this means that the study area is only capable of accommodating carefully designed change; however, the development will be located on the edge of an existing settlement, with further isolated development in the local area beyond the settlement boundaries. As such, the Overall Landscape Sensitivity of the development area within the surrounding landscape is Medium.
5.1.2 The development area represents an agricultural field on rolling downland and makes up a small part of the rural landscape around Aldbourne. It has been identified as a key characteristic of the local area, and will be lost due to the development. However, the site does not embody any other specific features or elements defined as a key characteristic of the study area, as identified in the most detailed landscape character assessments. The study area as a whole is also concurrent with the broader key characteristics in that the local landscape is largely agricultural in nature with limited woodland. Aside from the minor roads passing through the landscape and the settlement of Aldbourne, the wider study area retains a relatively unspoilt character. The proposals for the development of the site will not be in conflict with the study area’s overall landscape character, as the development will be closely related to the existing settlement boundary.
5.1.3 It is for similar reasons that the effect on the character of the North Wessex Downs AONB will be limited. While there will be new built form on a site that has been previously undeveloped, it is located adjacent to existing built form on the edge of Aldbourne. Furthermore, the proposals will be subsumed into the built form context of Aldbourne itself, with this type of development not being an uncommon feature on the sloping land at the edge of the village. This means that the development will not become unduly prominent nor detract from the surrounding landscape, lessening any effects on the visual character of the views, all of which area taken from within the AONB.
5.1.4 There will be a loss of a small agricultural field, in addition to a small section of hedge with trees to accommodate the development and its formalised access and visibility splays. The proposed development is to be set back from the boundary trees and hedgerows on the northern, eastern and
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire southern boundaries to minimise loss, as it is acknowledged that the site’s existing landscape structure will play a key role in creating a setting for the development. The western boundary consists of a recently planted woodland and hedge, which separates the site from an adjacent field. It should be noted that a Tree Survey undertaken by WHLandscape in April 2020 found that many of the trees within the northern roadside hedge were of ‘U’ Grade standard due to their poor condition and have been recommended for removal. Additionally, the construction of a pedestrian footway alongside Castle Street will see the removal of parts of a grassed verge.
5.1.5 The proposed removal of trees and hedging to accommodate the access will be off-set by the recent planting of the new native deciduous woodland with a shrub understorey, as well as any proposed planting within the development itself. This recent planting will also help to offset the removal of the poor quality trees along the northern boundary however, replacement trees will also be recommended for planting alongside the northern boundary. The recently planted woodland will have the benefit of providing a richer tree and shrub species mix which will help towards enhancing the local biodiversity, enhance the character of the development and provide a better-defined edge to the village of Aldbourne. The Great Western Community Forest, and two Tree Preservation Orders are the only natural environment designations within the study area, however, none of the designations will be affected by the proposals.
5.1.6 The development area is an area of land with no specific historic or architectural interest, and the effect of the proposals on the heritage assets within the wider study area will be limited. Although the site is not located within the Aldbourne Conservation Area, it is located close to its edge, and is therefore located within its setting. The development is not considered to adversely affect the landscape setting of the conservation area due to the trees and hedging defining the site’s northern boundary providing a visual break; and the sloping nature of the land away from the northern boundary further reducing views towards the site. While there is potential intervisibility from a selection of Grade II listed buildings to the north-east of the site, their historic landscape settings will not be affected due to the context of existing residential development both within and outside of the Aldbourne Conservation Area. For similar reasons, as well as a general lack of intervisibility and distance, the nature of the development is not considered to affect the historic landscape settings of any other heritage assets i.e. the Scheduled Ancient Monuments, within the study area.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
5.1.7 The development proposals will not conflict with the relevant key issues, strategies, objectives and policies identified across the relevant Character Assessments. Additionally, the proposals are not considered inappropriate in respect of the key issues identified in the North Wessex Downs AONB Management Plan 2019–24, with the development not affecting the expansive open scale of the landscape.
5.1.8 Although the Wiltshire SHLAA Landscape Sensitivity Assessment of Sites within the North Wessex Downs AONB (2012) did not identify the site as a site for housing, in its conclusions for sites that were identified in Aldbourne that in landscape and visual terms the proposed development will result in the minimal loss of open countryside. Additionally, the more recent Strategic Housing and Employment Land Availability Assessment (SHELAA) undertaken by Wiltshire Council did identify both Sites A & B as potential development areas. However, for the purpose of this development only Site ‘A’ is proposed to be developed, and with a more appropriate level of housing density than identified in the SHELAA, and can be undertaken in compliance with the North Wessex Downs AONB Position Statement on Housing (2012). However, it is recommended that the proposed housing is finished using materials that are commensurate of the local area i.e. in keeping with material finishes used in Aldbourne; and that any external lighting is kept to a minimum with no light spillage. Site ‘B’ for the purpose of this development is being proposed to be used for accessible natural greenspace for community use and ecological enhancements.
5.1.9 In terms of the Overall Magnitude of Landscape Effect resulting from the proposals, any change has to be considered in terms of the key elements and features that will definitely be affected and those that will potentially be affected. The importance of these elements and features as part of the wider landscape is also a consideration. The proposals will see the construction of a form of development that pre-exists within the study area itself. While there will be additional built form on the edge of Aldbourne, the loss or alteration of any key elements, features or characteristics of the baseline condition will be limited. The proposals will see the loss of a small section of an arable field, and a small section of hedge with trees to accommodate the proposals. This will be offset with robust landscape and ecological enhancements across the site, enhanced boundary planting, and the recently planted woodland on the site’s western boundary. While there may be a partial loss or alteration of one or more key elements and features of the baseline condition, the overall character of the area will not significantly change. As such, the Overall Magnitude of Landscape Effect is Slight. The development proposals have an Overall Significance of Landscape
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Effect of Moderate/Minor - Minor, which is not significant when considered under the LVIA methodology used in the assessment.
5.1.10 As regards the Nature of Landscape Effect, it varies depending on the extent of the landscape resource being considered, as the specific characteristics, elements, and features which define a landscape vary depending on the size of the area being assessed. In terms of the effect on landscape, the development will have a slight adverse effect due to the introduction of built form on an area of arable land that has not been previously developed. However, this development will be seen in the context of the existing residential edge of Aldbourne.
5.1.11 In the context of the wider AONB landscape, although the development will be on sloping land, it will be contained within the ‘bowl’ created by a junction of dry valleys and will not be unduly prominent in the long views from ridgelines as identified in the landscape character assessment; nor will it significantly detract from the surrounding landscape. Furthermore, there will be enhancements to the local biodiversity from the recently planted native woodland with shrub understorey. As such, while the nature of effect from within 500m is considered adverse, the Overall Nature of Landscape Effect is Neutral.
5.2 VISUAL ASSESSMENT 5.2.1 The recorded viewpoints can be used to predict possible effects from PRoWs, roads, publicly accessible areas and residential properties within the study area. Viewpoints have been determined from where the desk study suggested that the development areas may be visible, as well as observations during the field survey. The recorded Viewpoints are considered appropriate for the scale of the development and the prevailing topography and land cover. All the photographs were taken using a digital equivalent of a 50mm focal length traditional 35mm SLR lens to represent most accurately the views as seen by the human eye.
5.2.2 For the purpose of this assessment, close views are between 0m – 500m from the main development area, medium views are between 500m – 1500m, and long views from further than 1500m. Views are representative and not totally exclusive. (See Appendix 2: Viewpoint Photographs for enlarged copies of the selected viewpoints).
5.2.3 The Viewpoints were visited in February 2019 during a time of low leaf cover. The Seasonal differences (seasonality), in respect of potential effects arising from the varying degree of screening/filtering of views by vegetation that will apply in summer and winter, have been
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire considered in the assessment of all recorded Viewpoints; as per the recommendation of GLVIA3. It is important to note that the recording of Viewpoints during different seasons is not a prerequisite of the consideration of seasonality, as GLVIA3 states:
The timing of the assessment work and the project programme will also influence the practicality of covering more than one season.
Viewpoint 1: A close distance filtered view south-west towards the proposed entrance to the development area from Castle Street close to the north-east corner. Approximate distance from site: 50m OS map elevation: Between 140m and 145m AOD
This is a filtered winter view into the north-eastern corner of the site, and as the proposed dwellings are to be set-back from the site’s boundaries, they will not be seen from this location. During the summer months when leaf cover is at its peak these filtered views will be obscured. From further along Castle Street there are winter views into the site through a gappy roadside hedge and trees, however, these will be reduced in the summer months. New hedge planting has recently been undertaken along the site’s northern boundary, and at maturity will significantly reduce the transient views from the road.
There will be an open view of the proposed new access into the site, however, ASSESSMENT: this will largely be the widening and formalising of an existing driveway entrance for No. 41 Castle Street. These works will also include the removal of six trees to accommodate the access, as well as the cutting back of the roadside hedge to allow for visibility splays. Currently there is no pedestrian footway on this section of road. This means that the primary receptors are drivers who will have a glimpsed transient view into the site through the proposed access. However, as part of the works a new pedestrian footway will seen as a new feature on the roadside to allow access between the development area, and Aldbourne. There will be views into the site from the neighbouring dwellings, particularly from first floor windows.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Receptor Sensitivity: Medium SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: Moderate CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: Moderate The development will largely be obscured, with the view being mainly of the new formalised access and associated pedestrian footway. This is not out of NATURE OF character for either the local area or off Castle Street itself e.g. the turning into EFFECT: Westfield Chase. However, when considering the residential views, and the current views through the northern boundary, the Nature of Effect of the proposed development is Adverse.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Viewpoint 2: An adjacent filtered, partial view south-east into the development area from Castle Street on the North-west corner. Approximate distance from site: Adjacent OS map elevation: Between 150m and 155m AOD
The site is largely obscured from view by the roadside hedge and trees from this location, however, when passing the site, there are filtered views through the boundary vegetation onto the development area. It should be noted that these are glimpsed transient views as the primary receptors are drivers, who will be focussed on the road ahead as they enter Aldbourne. As per the recommendations in the ‘Tree Survey’ undertaken by WHLandscape, many of the northern boundary trees seen in the view will be removed due to their poor ASSESSMENT: condition, which will open views into the site. However, new hedgerow planting has been undertaken along the site’s northern boundary, and alongside the new replacement boundary trees recommended in this report, as well as the recently planted woodland on the western boundary, views into the site will be reduced, if not obscured when the vegetation reaches maturity. Until then, any views through the boundary vegetation will see the development in the context of the existing built form on the edge of Aldbourne. Receptor Sensitivity: Low SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: Substantial CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: Moderate Although the development area is largely obscured from this location at present, views will be more open into the site from here, and from further along the NATURE OF northern boundary which will show built form on land that has not previously EFFECT: been developed. As such, the Nature of Effect of the proposed development is Adverse.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Viewpoint 3: An open view north-west across the development area from the end of Westfield Chase on a path located adjacent to the site, which provides access to a sports pitch. Approximate distance from site: Adjacent OS map elevation: 135m AOD
This is an open view into an area of the site proposed for public open space. ASSESSMENT: Residential built form will be seen beyond the open space, and will break the skyline, therefore becoming a dominant feature in the view. Receptor Sensitivity: Medium SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: Substantial CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: Major/Moderate The development will be a dominant feature on land that has not previously NATURE OF been developed. As such, the Nature of Effect of the proposed development is EFFECT: Adverse.
Viewpoint 4: An obscured close distance view east towards the development area from Castle Street. Approximate distance from site: 480m OS map elevation: Between 170m and 175m AOD
The proposed development will be obscured from view by intervening landform ASSESSMENT: and vegetation.
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Receptor Sensitivity: Low SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: None CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: None NATURE OF As the entire development will be completely obscured, the Nature of Effect of EFFECT: the proposed development is Neutral.
Viewpoint 5: An obscured close distance view north-east towards the development area from Stock Lane at the end of the driveway for Hill View. Approximate distance from site: 415m OS map elevation: Between 165m and 170m AOD
The views from along the length of Stock Lane are very heavily filtered if not obscured due to the dense roadside hedge, even during the winter months when there is a lack of leaf cover. Views will be completely obscured during the summer months. There is no pedestrian walkway along Stock Lane therefore the ASSESSMENT: primary receptors are drivers, whose attention will be on the road ahead.
There is likely to be a residential view over the roadside hedge from Hill View, which is located on elevated land (behind the viewpoint). However, the development will be seen in the context of the existing built form of Aldbourne. Receptor Sensitivity: Low Magnitude of Effect: None SIGNIFICANCE Significance of Effect: None CALCULATION: There is likely to be a change to the view from Hill View, however, as this is a private viewpoint it has not been assessed, but will be considered. As the entire development will be largely obscured from view, with any heavily NATURE OF filtered transient views showing the site in the context of the existing built form EFFECT: of Aldbourne, the Nature of Effect of the proposed development is Neutral.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Viewpoint 6: A close distance filtered view north-west towards the development area from Stock Lane, on the edge of Aldbourne, close to the south-eastern corner of Site ‘B’. Approximate distance from site: 240m OS map elevation: Between 155m and 160m AOD
This is a glimpsed filtered, transient winter view towards the site through trees between residential development on the edge of Aldbourne. The primary public receptors of the view will be drivers, whose attention will be on the road, however, there are also private residential views from the dwellings on this elevated section of Stock Lane.
Any views of the development will be of the dwellings on the elevated section of the site, however, they will be seen in the context of the built form of Aldbourne ASSESSMENT: in the foreground. At maturity, the recent woodland planting on the western boundary will create a backdrop to the site. During the summer months the public view from the road will be reduced significantly due to a higher level of leaf cover.
From further west along Stock Lane, views towards the site are largely obscured with only occasional heavily filtered glimpsed views through gaps in the dense roadside hedge. Receptor Sensitivity: Medium SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: Slight CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: Moderate/Minor Although the development will not change the make-up and balance of the NATURE OF view, it will still be seen as development on land that had not previously been EFFECT: developed, particularly from the residential views. As such the Nature of Effect of the proposed development is Adverse.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Viewpoint 7: A medium distance heavily filtered partial view north-west towards the development area from an elevated location on Byway ALDB6. Approximate distance from site: 1.18km OS map elevation: Between 205m and 210m AOD
The majority of the development is obscured from view by intervening landform and vegetation, however, there will be a filtered partial view of the most elevated section of the site. Any views of the elevated section of development ASSESSMENT: will see it in the context of other built form on the edge of Aldbourne, as well as against a backdrop of trees and sloping land. Furthermore, any views will show it as part of a much larger panorama across the rolling valley landscape. Receptor Sensitivity: Medium SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: Slight CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: Moderate/Minor As the majority of the development will be obscured throughout the year, and NATURE OF with only a filtered partial view of a section of the development seen in the EFFECT: context of other small-scale built form, the Nature of Effect of the proposed development is Neutral.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Viewpoint 8: A medium distance partial view west towards the development area from an elevated section of Footpath BAYD21. Approximate distance from site: 1.45km OS map elevation: Between 195m and 200m AOD
This is an open partial view onto the elevated western section of the site, with the lower eastern section being obscured by the current built form on the edge of Aldbourne. The development will be seen in the context of Aldbourne and against a backdrop of rising land. Furthermore, from this elevated location, the development will be seen within a much wider panorama across the valley ASSESSMENT: landscape.
It should also be noted that new woodland has recently been planted on the site’s western boundary, which will integrate the proposed development into the current village edge character of Aldbourne and provide a backdrop to the housing. Receptor Sensitivity: Medium SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: Moderate CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: Moderate Although the development will not change the make-up and balance of the NATURE OF view, it will still be seen as development on land that had not previously been EFFECT: developed. As such the Nature of Effect of the proposed development is Adverse.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Viewpoint 9: A long distance partial view south-west towards the development area from Bridleway BAYD8 close to the junction with Bridleway BAYD7. Approximate distance from site: 1.67km OS map elevation: Between 205m and 210m AOD
This is a partial view onto the elevated western section of the site, with the lower eastern section being obscured by the current built form on the edge of Aldbourne and intervening vegetation. The development will be seen in the context of Aldbourne and against a backdrop of rising land. Furthermore, from this elevated location, the development will be seen within a much wider ASSESSMENT: panorama across the valley landscape.
It should also be noted that new woodland has recently been planted on the site’s western boundary, which will integrate the proposed development into the current village edge character of Aldbourne, and will provide a backdrop to the housing. Receptor Sensitivity: Medium SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: Moderate CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: Moderate Although the development will not change the make-up and balance of the NATURE OF view, it will still be seen as development on land that had not previously been EFFECT: developed. As such the Nature of Effect of the proposed development is Adverse.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Viewpoint 10: An obscured long distance view south-west towards the development area from the junction of Aldbourne Road and Bridleway BAYD8, at the entrance of Baydon House Farm. Approximate distance from site: 2.47m OS map elevation: 225m AOD
The proposed development on Site ‘A’ will be obscured from view by the roadside hedge alongside Aldbourne Road. Site ‘B’ can be seen in the view, ASSESSMENT: however, no development will be taking place on this site, as such, there will be no change to the view of this site. Receptor Sensitivity: Medium SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: None CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: None NATURE OF As the entirety of the development area will be completely obscured, the EFFECT: Nature of Effect of the proposed development is Neutral.
Viewpoint 11: An obscured long distance view south-west towards the development area from Byway ALDB20. Approximate distance from site: 2.13km OS map elevation: Between 155m and 160m AOD
The proposed development will be obscured from view by intervening landform ASSESSMENT: and vegetation.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Receptor Sensitivity: Medium SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: None CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: None NATURE OF As the entire development will be completely obscured, the Nature of Effect of EFFECT: the proposed development is Neutral.
Viewpoint 12: An obscured medium distance view south towards the development area from an elevated section of the Aldbourne Circular Route Recreational Route/Bridleway ALDB29. Approximate distance from site: 910m OS map elevation: 183m AOD
The proposed development will be obscured from view by intervening landform ASSESSMENT: and vegetation. Receptor Sensitivity: High SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: None CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: None NATURE OF As the entire development will be completely obscured, the Nature of Effect of EFFECT: the proposed development is Neutral.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Viewpoint 13: An obscured medium distance view south towards the development area from an elevated section of the Aldbourne Circular Route Recreational Route/Bridleway ALDB29. Approximate distance from site: 1.33km OS map elevation: Between 185m and 190m AOD
The proposed development on Site ‘A’ will be obscured from view by intervening landform and vegetation. Site ‘B’ can be seen in the view, however, ASSESSMENT: no development will be taking place on this site, as such, there will be no change to the view of this site. Receptor Sensitivity: High SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: None CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: None NATURE OF As the entirety of the development area will be completely obscured, the EFFECT: Nature of Effect of the proposed development is Neutral.
Viewpoint 14: An obscured close distance view south towards the development area from the entrance to Manor Farm on the B4192 West Street. Approximate distance from site: 125m OS map elevation: Between 130m and 135m AOD
The proposed development will be obscured from view by the intervening ASSESSMENT: sloping landform, and tree belt. The proposed dwellings located on the northern
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
edge of the development area have been set back from the boundary, therefore if there are any winter views it will be of the roof ridges.
Although the location of this view is from with the Aldbourne Conservation Area, the sensitivity of this view is further reduced as there is no pedestrian walkway on this fast section of road, which means that the primary receptors are drivers, whose attention will be on the road ahead. Receptor Sensitivity: Medium SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: Negligible CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: None NATURE OF As the development will largely be obscured, and any change being negligible in EFFECT: this transient view the Nature of Effect of the proposed development is Neutral.
Viewpoint 15: An obscured long distance view south-east towards the development area from an elevated section of the Aldbourne Circular Route Recreational Route/Bridleway ALDB30. Approximate distance from site: 1.53km OS map elevation: Between 180m and 185m AOD
The proposed development will be obscured from view by intervening landform ASSESSMENT: and vegetation. Receptor Sensitivity: High SIGNIFICANCE Magnitude of Effect: None CALCULATION: Significance of Effect: None NATURE OF As the entire development will be obscured, the Nature of Effect of the EFFECT: proposed development is Neutral.
OVERALL SIGNIFICANCE OF VISUAL EFFECT 5.2.4 The Overall Visual Sensitivity of the study area is considered Medium, taking account of the AONB designation, the nature of likely receptors, and partial and heavily filtered views from PRoWs
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire and roads. The majority of views are from roads without pavements or PRoWs alongside them. Although there are views towards the development area from the surrounding area they are largely partial, glimpsed, or heavily filtered, with no open views showing the development in its entirety due to the dense intervening vegetation, landform and existing built form.
5.2.5 The visual envelope is relatively limited, with close views being from adjacent to the development area, and any longer distance (medium and long) views being from elevated land to the east and south. All views towards the development area are partial, with the majority being transient and glimpsed from the minor roads crossing the study area. Views from the north, north- west and west, although elevated, are obscured from view due to the undulations in the valley landform.
5.2.6 The most notable views are Viewpoints 1 & 2 from Castle Street, adjacent to the northern boundary, which show a glimpsed transient view into the development area through the boundary hedge and trees. Viewpoint 1 also provides a view of the access, which is to be widened and formalised, as well as the proposed pedestrian footway along Castle Street. Viewpoint 3 is from a track within the development area which provides access to an adjacent sports pitch, this is the most open view into the site, and looks directly onto the area proposed for Public Open Space. This is the only view which shows the site as a prominent feature on the edge of Aldbourne.
5.2.7 Aside from the viewpoints adjacent to the development area, other notable views are Viewpoints 8 & 9, which are medium and long distance views respectively, located to the. These elevated locations provide open views of the development area across the valley ‘bowl’. Although open, these are generally partial views, with the elevated western section being seen, whereas the lower eastern section of the development area is obscured by intervening vegetation and built form. Any views of the development from these locations will show it as part of a larger panorama, and in the context of the existing built form of Aldbourne; and once matured, the recently planted woodland on the western boundary will provide a defined edge and wooded backdrop to the village.
5.2.8 All other views from where the development can be seen are of a short duration, glimpsed or heavily filtered. It should be noted that the surrounding local roads do not have pedestrian walkways alongside them, which means that the primary receptors will be drivers, whose attention should be on the road, therefore the sensitivity of the views is reduced. Furthermore, there are residential views into the development area from the neighbouring dwellings on Westfield Chase, and from
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire existing hillside development in Aldbourne, particularly from Stock Lane/Marlborough Road, and a view from Hill View Farm also on Stock Lane. From most locations, particularly in the wider area the change to the views will be limited, and will largely be seen in the context of existing residential built form on the edge of Aldbourne.
5.2.9 The closer views, particularly from Viewpoints 1, 2 & 3 will see the most change, with the view from Viewpoint 3, which is not a designated PRoW and is just an access track to a sports pitch, being substantially different. Aside from Viewpoint 3, the Overall Magnitude of Visual Effect is considered to be Moderate - Slight, resulting in the Overall Significance of Effect being considered Moderate - Moderate/Minor, which is not significant when considered under the LVIA methodology used in the assessment.
5.2.10 Views towards the development are limited, with most being transient from roads, or from elevated PRoWs to the east and south. From where there are views the development will be seen as a new feature in the local area, but within the context of the existing village edge of Aldbourne. Furthermore, most views of the site from the local area are generally obscured or filtered by the prevailing landform, built form, or by dense intervening roadside vegetation. The development will not discernibly change the visual character beyond the local area, however, it will be seen on land that has not been previously built on. As such, the Overall Nature of Visual Effect is considered to be Adverse.
5.3 CONSTRUCTION EFFECTS 5.3.1 During construction, plant and materials will be visible. However, the construction effects associated with the development will be temporary and will have no lasting adverse effects on the recorded landscape and visual receptors. Appropriate storage of construction materials and equipment will help minimise any effects during construction.
5.4 RESIDUAL EFFECTS 5.4.1 Following the construction of the development the landscape structure will be repaired and enhanced as part of the mitigation proposals, and recent new planting. There will potentially be secondary residual effects as a result of increased traffic along Castle Street, as well as light spill from the development. However, the effects from the light spill will be subsumed into that which currently occurs from the existing edge of Aldbourne. Overall there will be no significant residual effects on both landscape and visual receptors.
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6. RECOMMENDED MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT
6.1.1 The following recommendations are appropriate to reduce the significance of the potential landscape and visual effects of the proposed development, with the aim being to further integrate the development area into the landscape while providing enhancements to the area’s landscape structure through a comprehensive scheme of planting and management. An indicative landscaping scheme is being provided as a part of the LVIA with recommendations for the planting species to be used.
6.1.2 Mitigation measures will mainly focus on the retention, enhancement and management of existing boundary vegetation, particularly the hedge with trees along Castle Street, and the recent woodland planting on the western boundary. New planting will supplement the existing landscape structure around the site, in particular gapping up areas of hedgerow fragmentation, and planting trees along the northern boundary to replace those to be removed due to their poor condition. The aim is to not only integrate the proposed development into the landscape, but also provide enhancements to the green infrastructure network.
6.1.3 Proposals will be informed by the guidance provided in the relevant character assessments and associated documents. Landscape and ecological enhancement will form a key part of the proposals, with existing vegetation being retained, managed and enhanced as appropriate, as well as new areas of habitat being created. New planting will focus on the use of native species, with the aim being to further contribute to the integration of the development by supplementing the boundary vegetation in conjunction with the recently planted woodland.
General: • A traditional form and a palette of materials characteristic of other developments in the area should be used. • Low level lighting should be used across the site to minimise light spill so as not to affect wildlife. • Pedestrian links should be created where there is already a track to the sports pitch at the end of Westfield Chase. • The proposed access should be constructed prior to any other on-site works commencing.
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Management and Enhancement of Existing Planting: • Suitable root protection area stand-offs and protection measures should, where necessary, be applied around all vegetation to be retained. • Existing poor quality/diseased vegetation or invasive species should be removed and replaced if necessary/appropriate. • All retained vegetation should be appropriately managed, with a focus on undertaking remedial work, including thinning, removal of low growth and crown raising as necessary. • The hedgerow along the current development edge should be gapped up where required.
Recommended Mitigation and Planting: • The following recommendations should be taken into account in respect of plants being used for mitigation purposes:
All new planting, including planting for the purposes of replacement should comprise appropriate native species characteristic of the area.
At planting, a range of tree sizes should be used to create instant impact and structure. • Tree planting should take place within the public open space, to create interest and serve as visual amenity features, as well as add varied structure to the development, and break up views of the development area. • A mix of domestic and native trees, shrubs and hedging should be used within the site as appropriate, to create a setting for the development. However, the use of domestic species should be limited where the site borders the public open space.
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6.2 RECOMMENDED PLANTING STRUCTURAL TREES 6.2.1 It is recommended that large native trees be strategically planted within the site to serve as attractive amenity features, creating structure and a positive contrast between the development and its immediate landscape setting. These trees will also help break up views of the proposed development and to further integrate the site into the local area. A row of Fagus sylvatica planted evenly along the northern boundary will contribute to the replacement of the trees to be removed due to poor quality, as per the recommendations in the ‘Tree Survey’ undertaken by WHLandscape.
Recommended Structural Tree Species Scientific name Common name Acer campestre Field maple Betula pendula Silver birch Carpinus betulus Hornbeam Fagus sylvatica Beech Prunus avium Wild cherry Sorbus torminalis Wild service tree Tilia cordata Small-leafed lime
STREET/AMENITY TREES 6.2.2 Street/amenity trees should be used along the main access roads through the development to serve as attractive amenity features, while also softening localised/internal views of the development. Along with the feature and structural tree planting they will help create green links through the development, connecting both existing and proposed ecological resources, as well as encouraging species diversity around the site.
Recommended Street/Amenity Tree Species Scientific name Common name Acer campestre 'Queen Field Maple 'Queen Elizabeth' Elizabeth' Betula pendula ‘Dalecarlica’ Ornäs birch Crataegus laevigata 'Paul's Hawthorn 'Paul's Scarlet' Scarlet' Sorbus × intermedia Swedish whitebeam
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HEDGEROW PLANTING 6.2.3 It is recommended that, where necessary, the site boundary be repaired by mixed native hedging, supplemented with native tree planting as appropriate. Gaps smaller than 1.00m are to be gapped up with hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna). Repairing the hedgerow structure will provide enhancements to the site’s biodiversity through the recreation of green links. Additionally, it is recommended that single species domestic hedging be planted within the site to define property boundaries and street frontages.
Recommended Domestic Single Species Hedges Scientific name Common name
Buxus sempervirens Box
Carpinus betulus Hornbeam
Fagus sylvatica Beech
Prunus laurocerasus var. Cherry laurel var. 'Otto 'Otto Luyken' Luyken'
AMENITY PLANTING 6.2.4 Amenity planting should take place across the site, to enhance the setting of the development. Additionally, it will also encourage species diversity and provide areas of habitat within the urban environment. Amenity planting will have benefits in respect of creating notable areas of green infrastructure within the site that will benefit residents and visitors, as well as animals, particularly insects. Recommended Amenity Shrub Species Scientific name Common name Variegated Japanese Aucuba japonica ‘Variegata’ laurel
Cornus sanguine Dogwood ‘Midwinter ‘Midwinter Fire’ Fire’
Cotinus coggygria Smoke bush ‘Royal ‘Royal Purple’ Purple’ Cotoneaster lacteus Late cotoneaster Euphorbia amygdaloide Mrs Robb's bonnet ‘Robbiae’ Forsythia x intermedia Forsythia 'Lynwood' ‘Lynwood’ Lavandula angustifolia Lavender 'Munstead' ‘Munstead’
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Photinia x fraseri Christmas berry 'Red ‘Red Robin’ Robin' Potentilla fruticose Shrubby cinquefoil ‘Elizabeth’ 'Elizabeth' Rosmarinus officinalis Rosemary Spiraea japonica Spiraea ‘Goldflame’ ‘Goldflame’
WILDFLOWER MEADOW 6.2.5 It is suggested that a species rich wildflower meadow be established on the edges of the public open space. It is recommended that the meadow is established using a mix of grasses and flowers, such as (65%) Emorsgate EM2: Standard General Purpose Meadow Mixture or similar, and (35%) Emorsgate EN1: Special Pollen and Nectar Meadow Mixture or similar. Additional yellow rattle (Rhinanthus minor) should be added to the mix to help with weed control.
SOAKAWAY GRASS MIXTURE 6.2.6 It is suggested that a species rich meadow mixture for wetlands be established on the open space areas intended for use as soakaways. It is recommended that the meadow is established using Emorsgate EM8: Meadow Mixture for Wetlands or similar.
AMENITY GRASS 6.2.7 It is recommended that the public spaces not intended to be used for soakaways, as well as the front and rear gardens of the proposed properties are either sown with an amenity grass mix such as Emorsgate EG22 – Strong Lawn Grass Mixture or similar, or lain with a purpose grown turf.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire 7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
7.1 The key considerations when determining the acceptability of the potential landscape and visual effects of the proposals are: the receptors that will be potentially affected by the development and how far any effects are/can be mitigated. Of particular importance to the consideration of the development’s overall effect is whether the development will have notable significant effects on the landscape character and visual amenity of the study area, particularly that which is associated with the North Wessex Downs AONB.
7.2 As a result of the assessment of Landscape and Visual Effects, it has been determined that, due to the development area’s containment within the landscape, and its location on the edge of an existing settlement, any potential effect on landscape and visual receptors will be lessened. Overall, the proposed development will not be significantly detrimental to any of the key characteristics or descriptions of the development area and the surrounding landscape as identified in this document.
7.3 Taken as a whole, the development will have an overall Moderate – Moderate/Minor effect, which is not considered significant under the LVIA methodology used in this assessment, with, the overall Nature of Effect of the development pre-mitigation being Adverse. However, these will be localised adverse effects, most notably from viewpoints on Castle Street, and the adjacent access track for the sports pitches, where the proposed development will be most visible. There are longer distance views from PRoWs to the east, however, distance is a mitigating factor, and that the development will be seen in the context of Aldbourne, and as part of a much wider panorama. The mitigation and enhancement recommendations seek to lessen the effects of the proposed development, while also providing enhancements where necessary. A recently planted woodland on the western boundary; and hedgerow on the northern boundary, planted to supplement and enhance the existing hedge plays a key role in reducing the views through the northern boundary; offers a better defined landscape edge to this part of Aldbourne, and provides an area of enhanced biodiversity and habitat creation.
EFFECT OF MITIGATION ON LANDSCAPE RECEPTORS 7.4 At Implementation: The Overall Significance of Effect and Nature of Effect will remain largely the same. In both instances, while removal of inappropriate vegetation, and general remedial work, will be an improvement to the area, any changes associated with the mitigation will primarily become apparent when planting reaches maturity.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
7.5 At Maturity: The Overall Significance of Effect will be reduced to Minor, with the development being better integrated into the local landscape. While there will be limited adverse effects as a result of some tree and hedge removal, and development on an area of arable land, these will be effectively off-set by the proposed landscape and ecological enhancement within and on the edge of the development area. In particular the recently planted woodland which forms a defined, but softened, edge on the boundary of the development. As such, the overall nature of effect will become Positive, as there will be notable benefits in respect of the sites existing tree and hedgerow cover, as well as enhancements to the green infrastructure network around the site, with a hierarchy of tree ages also being established on the site. The landscape enhancements will provide a higher diversity of species across the site with its removal from arable use, and the introduction of nectar and pollen rich wildflower meadow species being introduced on the periphery of the public open space.
EFFECT OF MITIGATION ON VISUAL RECEPTORS 7.6 At Implementation: The Significance of Visual Effect and Nature of Effect will be largely the same from the majority of Viewpoints. However, the repair of the development areas fragmented hedgerow structure using trees and hedgerow species will filter some of the views from local area. Additionally, the general management of the existing vegetation will have some benefits in respect of visual amenity.
7.7 At Maturity: The overall Significance of Effect will be reduced to Minor with the site being better contained within the landscape. Furthermore, additional planting will help filter views and create a more appropriate setting for the development, specifically in respect of local views as well as views from the scarp slopes to the east and south. There will potentially be some residual, adverse effects in respect of glimpsed views through the proposed access and from the neighbouring dwellings, however, these will be localised with the proposed planting helping to soften the visible built form. The overall Nature of Effect will be reduced to Neutral.
7.8 Mitigation and enhancement measures will mean that the development can be integrated into the wider landscape through a comprehensive scheme of strategic planting, as well as the provision of a recently planted woodland and hedge. Taken as a whole, the proposed development post- mitigation will have a Minor effect, with the effect on specific receptors being reduced, as well as there being localised ecological benefits as a result of the appropriate repair and management of existing vegetation and establishment of new areas of green infrastructure. Additionally, Site ‘B’ is
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire proposed for community use as an Accessible Natural Greenspace, with the existing allotments being retained, and with proposals for ecological enhancements. This will provide additional biodiversity benefits to the local area.
7.9 Taking account of the proposed landscape mitigation and enhancement recommendations, and the proposed sites being identified as potential development areas in the SHELAA, the proposed development can be undertaken in compliance with the relevant guidance provided in the North Wessex Downs Management Plan 2019 – 2024 and North Wessex Downs AONB Position Statement on Housing.
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire 8. REFERENCES
ASSESSMENT GUIDANCE
The Landscape Institute and Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment, 2013. Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment. 3rd ed. Abingdon: Routledge.
The Countryside Agency (Now Natural England) and Scottish Natural Heritage, 2002. Landscape Character Assessment: Guidance for England and Scotland. Available through: Natural England website
MAPPING
Wiltshire Council, 2020. Public rights of way mapping. Available at:
British Geological Survey, 2020. Geology of Britain viewer. Available at:
Soilscapes, 2020. Soilscapes Map. Available at:
Natural England, 2010. Agricultural Land Classification Map South West Region. Available at:
Magic, 2020. Interactive Mapping. Available at:
Wiltshire Council, 2020. Online Mapping. Available at:
Historic England, 2019. The National Heritage List for England. Available at:
PLANNING
Department for Communities and Local Government, 2019. National Planning Policy Framework. Available at:
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Wiltshire Council, 2015. Wiltshire Core Strategy. Available at:
CHARACTER ASSESSMENT
Natural England, 2016. NCA Profile: 116 Berkshire and Marlborough Downs. Available through: Natural England website
Land Use Consultants, 2005. Wiltshire Landscape Character Assessment. Available at: Wiltshire Council website
Atlantic Consultants, 1998. Kennet Landscape Character Assessment. Available through Wiltshire Council website:
The Countryside Agency (Now Natural England), 2002. North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Integrated Landscape Character Assessment. Available through: North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty website:
ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTS
Kennet District Council, 2003. Aldbourne Conservation Area Statement. Available at:
Kennet District Council, 2005. Kennet Landscape Conservation Strategy. Available through Wiltshire Council website:
Council of Partners of North Wessex Downs AONB, 2019. North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan 2019 – 2024. Available through: North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty website:
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Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Residential Development – Land at Castle Street, April 2020 Aldbourne, Wiltshire
Council of Partners of North Wessex Downs AONB, 2012. North Wessex Downs AONB Position Statement on Housing. Available at:
Land Management Services Ltd, 2012. Wiltshire SHLAA Landscape Sensitivity Assessment on Sites within the North Wessex Downs AONB. Available at:
Wiltshire Council, 2017. Strategic Housing and Employment Land Availability Assessment. Available at:
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ILLUSTRATIVE MATERIAL Key:
Site boundary
Off-set from Site ‘A’ boundary
Public rights of way
Footpath 1500m
Bridleway
Byway open to all traffic
Other public access
Other routes with public access
Recrea�onal route
1 5 m 0 Roads 0 0 0 m 5 1 Secondary road
Road generally more than 4m wide
00m 5 Road generally less than 4m wide
Other road, drive or track
5
0
0
m
m
0
0
5
Site A
This drawing has been prepared in accordance with the scope of
WHLandscape’s appointment with its client and is subject to the terms and
conditions of that appointment.
WHLandscape accepts no liability for any use of this drawing other than by its
client and only for the purposes for which it was prepared and provided.
If received electronically it is the recipient’s responsibility to print this drawing
Site B to the correct scale. Refer to wri�en dimensions where provided.
© Copyright WH Landscape Consultancy Ltd. This drawing is issued on the
condi�on it is not reproduced, retained or disclosed to any unauthorised
person, either wholly or in part without wri�en consent of WHLandscape.
Ordnance Survey © Crown Copyright 2019. All rights reserved.
Landscape licence number: LAN1001422.
WH
1
5
0
0
5
m
m
0 0
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Sandcliffe House, Northgate Street,
Devizes, Wiltshire SN10 1JT
t: 01380 727539 e: [email protected]
Project:
Land at Aldbourne
On behalf of:
Thornacre Land Limited
Drawing �tle:
Loca�on Plan
Rev: Date: Drawing number:
WHL-1045-01 A Apr 20
Scale: DB: CB:
1:12500 @ A3 TA WH
0 100 200 300 400 600 800 1000 2000m
Key:
W est Street (B4192)/ Site Aldbourne Circular Route Recrea�onal Route
Cast le Str eet Castle Street
Castle Street
Site A
e s a h C d a ld o ALDBOURNE e R i ey � tl s hi e W
W
This drawing has been prepared in accordance with the scope of WHLandscape’s appointment with its client and is subject to the terms and conditions of that appointment.
WHLandscape accepts no liability for any use of this drawing other than by its client and only for the purposes for which it was prepared and provided.
If received electronically it is the recipient’s responsibility to print this drawing to the correct scale. Refer to wri�en dimensions where provided.
© Copyright WH Landscape Consultancy Ltd. This drawing is issued on the
condi�on it is not reproduced, retained or disclosed to any unauthorised person, either wholly or in part without wri�en consent of WHLandscape.
Ordnance Survey © Crown Copyright 2019. All rights reserved.
WHLandscape licence number: LAN1001422.
N
ad Ro ey tl hi W Sandcliffe House, Northgate Street, Devizes, Wiltshire SN10 1JT
t: 01380 727539 e: [email protected]
Project: Land at Aldbourne d a o On behalf of: R Thornacre Land Limited y l e Drawing �tle: Val Ver�cal Aerial Site B Drawing number: Rev: Date: WHL-1045-02 A Apr 20
Scale: DB: CB: 1:1500 @ A3 TA WH 0 10 20 30 40 60 80 100 200m Key:
Site boundary
Off-set from Site ‘A’ boundary
North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Landscape Character Areas
00m LCA 1A: Marlborough Downs 15
Wiltshire Landscape Character Areas
LCA 1B: Marlborough Downs
Kennet Landscape Character Areas
LCA 2. Marlborough Downs
Notes
En�re study area located within Na�onal Character
1 Area 116. Berkshire and Marlborough Downs. 5 m 0 0 0 0 m 5 1
00m 5
5
0
0
m
m
0
0
5
Site A
This drawing has been prepared in accordance with the scope of
WHLandscape’s appointment with its client and is subject to the terms and
conditions of that appointment.
WHLandscape accepts no liability for any use of this drawing other than by its
client and only for the purposes for which it was prepared and provided.
If received electronically it is the recipient’s responsibility to print this drawing
to the correct scale. Refer to wri�en dimensions where provided.
Site B
© Copyright WH Landscape Consultancy Ltd. This drawing is issued on the
condi�on it is not reproduced, retained or disclosed to any unauthorised
person, either wholly or in part without wri�en consent of WHLandscape.
Ordnance Survey © Crown Copyright 2019. All rights reserved.
Landscape licence number: LAN1001422.
WH
1
5
0
0
5
m
m
0 0
0
0 N
m
15
Sandcliffe House, Northgate Street,
Devizes, Wiltshire SN10 1JT
t: 01380 727539 e: [email protected]
Project:
Land at Aldbourne
On behalf of:
Thornacre Land Limited
Drawing �tle:
Landscape Character
Rev: Date: Drawing number:
WHL-1045-03 A Apr 20
Scale: DB: CB:
1:12500 @ A3 TA WH
0 100 200 300 400 600 800 1000 2000m
Key:
Site
Off-set from Site ‘A’ boundary
North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
1500m Natural Environment Designa�ons
Great Western Community Forest
Tree Preserva�on Orders close to site
Historic Designa�ons
Aldbourne Conserva�on Area
Scheduled Ancient Monument
1 5 m 0 0 0 0 m Grade I listed a. Church of St Michael 5 1
Grade II listed
- listed buildings within 500m of site
00m 5
a
5
0
0
m
m
0
0
5
Site A
This drawing has been prepared in accordance with the scope of
WHLandscape’s appointment with its client and is subject to the terms and
conditions of that appointment.
WHLandscape accepts no liability for any use of this drawing other than by its
client and only for the purposes for which it was prepared and provided.
If received electronically it is the recipient’s responsibility to print this drawing
Site B to the correct scale. Refer to wri�en dimensions where provided.
© Copyright WH Landscape Consultancy Ltd. This drawing is issued on the
condi�on it is not reproduced, retained or disclosed to any unauthorised
person, either wholly or in part without wri�en consent of WHLandscape.
Ordnance Survey © Crown Copyright 2019. All rights reserved.
Landscape licence number: LAN1001422.
WH
1
5
0
0
5
m
m
0 0
0
0 N
m
15
Sandcliffe House, Northgate Street,
Devizes, Wiltshire SN10 1JT
t: 01380 727539 e: [email protected]
Project:
Land at Aldbourne
On behalf of:
Thornacre Land Limited
Drawing �tle:
Designa�ons
Rev: Date: Drawing number:
WHL-1045-04 A Apr 20
Scale: DB: CB:
1:12500 @ A3 TA WH
0 100 200 300 400 600 800 1000 2000m
Key:
Site boundary
Off-set from Site ‘A’ boundary
Height AOD (m) 255
219
183 1500m
148
112
1 5 m 0 0 0 0 m 5 1
00m 5
5
0
0
m
m
0
0
5
Site A
Site B
Notes:
The plan has been prepared using GIS computer
1
5
0 so�ware (MapInfo) and Ordnance Survey landform
0
5
m
m
0
0
0 data, and as such does not take into account built
m 50
1
form or vegeta�on present within the landscape.
This drawing has been prepared in accordance with the scope of
WHLandscape’s appointment with its client and is subject to the terms and
conditions of that appointment.
WHLandscape accepts no liability for any use of this drawing other than by its
client and only for the purposes for which it was prepared and provided.
If received electronically it is the recipient’s responsibility to print this drawing
to the correct scale. Refer to wri�en dimensions where provided.
© Copyright WH Landscape Consultancy Ltd. This drawing is issued on the
condi�on it is not reproduced, retained or disclosed to any unauthorised
person, either wholly or in part without wri�en consent of WHLandscape.
Ordnance Survey © Crown Copyright 2019. All rights reserved.
Landscape licence number: LAN1001422.
WH
N
Sandcliffe House, Northgate Street, Devizes, Wiltshire SN10 1JT
t: 01380 727539 e: [email protected]
Project: Land at Aldbourne
On behalf of: Thornacre Land Limited
Drawing �tle: Topography
Drawing number: Rev: Date: WHL-1045-05 A Apr 20
Scale: DB: CB: 1:20000 @ A3 NM WH 0 100 200 300 400 600 800 1000 2000m Key:
Site boundary 10
Off-set from Site ‘A’ boundary 11
Viewpoint
1500m
13
12
1 5 m 0 0 0 150 m 5 1
00m 9 5
14
5
0
0
m
2 1
m
0
0
5
4
Site A
8
3
This drawing has been prepared in accordance with the scope of
WHLandscape’s appointment with its client and is subject to the terms and
conditions of that appointment.
6
WHLandscape accepts no liability for any use of this drawing other than by its
client and only for the purposes for which it was prepared and provided.
If received electronically it is the recipient’s responsibility to print this drawing
Site B to the correct scale. Refer to wri�en dimensions where provided.
© Copyright WH Landscape Consultancy Ltd. This drawing is issued on the
condi�on it is not reproduced, retained or disclosed to any unauthorised
person, either wholly or in part without wri�en consent of WHLandscape.
Ordnance Survey © Crown Copyright 2019. All rights reserved.
5
Landscape licence number: LAN1001422.
WH
1
5
0
0
5
m
m
0 0
0
0 N
m
15
Sandcliffe House, Northgate Street,
Devizes, Wiltshire SN10 1JT
t: 01380 727539 e: [email protected]
Project:
Land at Aldbourne
On behalf of:
Thornacre Land Limited
Drawing �tle:
Viewpoint Plan
7
Rev: Date: Drawing number:
WHL-1045-06 A Apr 20
Scale: DB: CB:
1:12500 @ A3 TA WH
0 100 200 300 400 600 800 1000 2000m
Key:
Site
Off-set from site boundary
Landscape Analysis
Ridge 1500m
Downslope
Woodland block
Significant tree/hedged boundary
Significant developed boundary
Visual Analysis
1 5 m 0 Open views 0 0 0 m 5 1
Filtered Views
Views obscured by landform
00m 5
5
0
0
m
m
0
0
5
Site A
This drawing has been prepared in accordance with the scope of
WHLandscape’s appointment with its client and is subject to the terms and
conditions of that appointment.
WHLandscape accepts no liability for any use of this drawing other than by its
client and only for the purposes for which it was prepared and provided.
If received electronically it is the recipient’s responsibility to print this drawing
Site B to the correct scale. Refer to wri�en dimensions where provided.
© Copyright WH Landscape Consultancy Ltd. This drawing is issued on the
condi�on it is not reproduced, retained or disclosed to any unauthorised
person, either wholly or in part without wri�en consent of WHLandscape.
Ordnance Survey © Crown Copyright 2019. All rights reserved.
Landscape licence number: LAN1001422.
WH
1
5
0
0
5
m
m
0 0
0
0 N
m
15
Sandcliffe House, Northgate Street,
Devizes, Wiltshire SN10 1JT
t: 01380 727539 e: [email protected]
Project:
Land at Aldbourne
On behalf of:
Thornacre Land Limited
Drawing �tle:
Landscape and Visual Analysis
Rev: Date: Drawing number:
WHL-1045-07 A Apr 20
Scale: DB: CB:
1:12500 @ A3 TA WH
0 100 200 300 400 600 800 1000 2000m
Key: Exis�ng Vegeta�on
Surveyed trees to be retained
Hedges and other vegeta�on
Recently planted woodland with shrub understorey
Recently planted mixed na�ve hedge
Proposed Vegeta�on
Exis�ng vegeta�on to be cut Trees to be planted to create structure back behind visibility splay. and to serve as a�rac�ve amenity Recently planted mixed na�ve hedge features
Proposed mixed na�ve hedge to be Mixed na�ve hedge planted behind visibility splay.
Lawn grass mix / purpose grown turf
Meadow seed mixture with pollen and nectar rich wildflowers
Recently planted mixed na�ve hedge Meadow mixture for wetlands within area proposed for soakaway with a meadow grass mix with pollen and nectar rich wildflowers on the edges of the soakaway / open space areas
Other Exis�ng hedge and trees Visibility splay
Open public space with a soakaway to be sown with a wetland meadow seed mix. The edges are to be sown with pollen and nectar rich wildflowers.
Proposed mixed na�ve hedge to be planted alongside the development boundary to supplement the exis�ng Domes�c plan�ng and internal boundary plan�ng vegeta�on. should be undertaken across the site to provide an a�rac�ve se�ng within the development. This should include single species hedges and amenity Recently planted mixed na�ve hedge shrub plan�ng using the recommended species.
Recently planted mixed na�ve woodland belt with shrub understorey
Recently planted mixed na�ve hedge
Proposed mixed na�ve hedge to be planted alongside the development boundary to supplement the exis�ng vegeta�on
Recently planted mixed na�ve woodland belt with shrub understorey
Public space to be sown with a meadow seed with, pollen and nectar rich wildflowers. Proposed mixed na�ve hedge to be planted alongside the development boundary to supplement the exis�ng Domes�c plan�ng and internal boundary plan�ng vegeta�on should be undertaken across the site to provide an a�rac�ve se�ng within the development. This Recently planted mixed na�ve hedge should include single species hedges and amenity shrub plan�ng using the recommended species.
Access track from Wes�ield Chase to the sports pitc Open public space with a soakaway and Site ‘B’ to be sown with a wetland meadow seed mix. The edges are to be sown with pollen and nectar rich wildflowers.
Recommended Structural Tree Species Scien�fic name Common name Recently planted mixed na�ve Acer campestre Field maple woodland belt with shrub understorey Betula pendula Silver birch Carpinus betulus Hornbeam Fagus sylvatica Beech Prunus avium Wild cherry Proposed mixed na�ve hedge to be planted alongside the development Sorbus torminalis Wild service tree boundary to supplement the exis�ng Tilia cordata Small-leafed lime Recently planted mixed na�ve hedge vegeta�on
Recommended Street/Amenity Tree Species Scien�fic name Common name Recommended Amenity Shrub Species Acer campestre 'Queen Elizabeth' Field Maple 'Queen Elizabeth' Scien�fic name Common name Betula pendula ‘Dalecarlica’ Ornäs birch Aucuba japonica ‘Variegata’ Variegated Japanese laurel Crataegus laevigata 'Paul's Scarlet' Hawthorn 'Paul's Scarlet' Cornus sanguine Sorbus × intermedia Swedish whitebeam Dogwood ‘Midwinter Fire’ ‘Midwinter Fire’ Cotinus coggygria Recommended Mixed Na�ve Hedge Species Smoke bush ‘Royal Purple’ ‘Royal Purple’
Scien�fic name Common name This drawing has been prepared in accordance with the scope of Cotoneaster lacteus Late cotoneaster WHLandscape’s appointment with its client and is subject to the terms and ti Cornus sanguinea Dogwood condi ons of that appointment. WHLandscape accepts no liability for any use of this drawing other than by its Euphorbia amygdaloide ‘Robbiae’ Mrs Robb's bonnet client and only for the purposes for which it was prepared and provided.
Corylus avellana Hazel If received electronically it is the recipient’s responsibility to print this drawing Forsythia x intermedia ‘Lynwood’ Forsythia 'Lynwood' to the correct scale. Refer to wri�en dimensions where provided. Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn © Copyright WH Landscape Consultancy Ltd. This drawing is issued on the condi�on it is not reproduced, retained or disclosed to any unauthorised Lavandula angustifolia ‘Munstead’ Lavender 'Munstead' person, either wholly or in part without wri�en consent of WHLandscape.
Ilex aquifolium Holly Original base plan provided by Fowler Architecture and Planning Photinia x fraseri Drawing Title: Site Plan Christmas berry 'Red Robin' Drawing Number: 130908-02 Prunus spinosa Blackthorn ‘Red Robin’ Viburnum lantana Wayfaring tree Potentilla fruticose ‘Elizabeth’ Shrubby cinquefoil 'Elizabeth' N Viburnum opulus Guelder Rose Rosmarinus officinalis Rosemary
Spiraea japonica ‘Goldflame’ Spiraea ‘Goldflame’ Sandcliffe House, Northgate Street, Recommend Domes�c Hedge Species Devizes, Wiltshire SN10 1JT
t: 01380 727539 e: [email protected] Scien�fic name Common name Grass Mixes Project: Buxus sempervirens Box Grass Mix Land at Aldbourne On behalf of: Emorsgate EM2 – Standard General Purpose Meadow Mixture Thornacre Land Limited Carpinus betulus Hornbeam Drawing �tle: Emorsgate EN1 – Special Pollen and Nectar Meadow Mixture Landscape Mi�ga�on Strategy
Fagus sylvatica Beech Drawing number: Rev: Date: Emorsgate EM 8 – Meadow Mixture for Wetlands WHL-1045-08 A Apr 20
Scale: DB: CB: Prunus laurocerasus var. 'O�o Luyken' Cherry laurel var. 'O�o Luyken' Emorsgate EG22 – Strong Lawn Grass Mixture 1:400 @ A1 TA WH 0 2.5 5 7.5 10 15 20 25 50m