DOCSLIB.ORG

The First Brooches in Britain: from Manufacture to Deposition in the Early and Middle Iron Age

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The First Brooches in Britain: from Manufacture to Deposition in the Early and Middle Iron Age The First Brooches in Britain: from Manufacture to Deposition in the Early and Middle Iron Age Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Leicester by Sophia Anne Adams MA School of Archaeology and Ancient History University of Leicester September 2013 Abstract Title: The First Brooches in Britain: from manufacture to deposition in the Early and Middle Iron Age Author: Sophia Anne Adams This thesis explores the evidence for the earliest brooches in Britain. The first brooches were used and made in Britain in the Early Iron Age from c.450 BC. During this period, and into the Middle Iron Age, methods were devised for constructing brooches with mock springs and hinges. In tandem with these changes a greater variety of types came into use. Some are relatively widespread across Wales, England and into Scotland. Others are concentrated in central or western and eastern regions of England. Brooches were manufactured from both bronze and iron. Bronze brooches dominate in the earlier period but iron brooches are as common as bronze in the Middle Iron Age. Some bronze brooches are constructed with small elements of iron and vice versa. Other materials are also employed as decoration on the body of the brooch including coral and glass. A revised chronology and typology are proposed, drawing on both intrinsic attributes and external archaeological evidence. The evidence from burials shows brooches were used to clasp fabric. The fabric was probably a woollen cloak wrapped around the body as a shroud. The brooch was positioned so it was visible during the funerary process. Some brooches fastened bags and other small brooches were better suited as ornaments or badges. These have distinctive designs that would have made them recognisable, perhaps as objects belonging to a particular person and/or associating that person with a specific group. Brooches are also found at settlements, at hillforts and in rivers, as well as at sites with or deposits of a ritualised character. Aside from cemeteries these latter sites contain the highest numbers of brooches. The deposition of personal objects at these types of site may have asserted the individual’s connection to the community in a manner comparable to the burial of a person in a cemetery. Acknowledgements This research was made possible by funding from the Arts and Humanities Research Council with extra financial support from the British Museum and the University of Leicester. My research has greatly benefitted from the facilities, opportunities and training provided by both partner institutions: the University of Leicester and the British Museum. Thank you to the interview panel for accepting my application for this position: Colin Haselgrove, Jody Joy, Sally Worrell and Simon James. I am exceedingly grateful for the support, advice and encouragement I have received from my supervisors Colin Haselgrove and Jody Joy throughout the course of this research. Both the research process and my written work has benefitted from their comments, criticisms and editing advice. Thank you to the many staff at the School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester who have given me support and encouragement in a number of ways. I owe particular thanks to a number of people. To Penelope Allison and Sarah Scott for examining my APG upgrade and raising some salient points in the discussion. To Rachel Godfrey, thank you for effectively and efficiently dealing with a range of issues. Dave Edwards, thank you for all the inspiring discussions, it has been a real pleasure talking about the specific detail of my research with you. Thank you to Jeremy Taylor, John Thomas, Andy Hyam and the other ULAS staff for letting me roam free on the hill. Digging at Burrough Hill has been a great reminder about the process of collecting evidence. Sincere thanks also to Pamela Lowther for such swift editing and proof reading. Thank you also to the staff in Prehistory and Europe and PAS at the British Museum. I am grateful to Sally Worrell for her guidance and advice, particularly in the early stages of my research. Particular thanks to the museum assistants, especially Marianne Eve, for enabling me to access and study the collections first hand. Dan Pett, thank you for all the massive improvements you have made to the PAS database and all your assistance no matter how minor or major the issue. Thank you to the FLOs for all the data they input and the questions they ask. To the Science Department especially Duncan Hook, Janet Ambers and Melanie Keable thank you for carrying out the scientific research on my behalf and being willing to involve me and teach me about the processes. Thank you Stephen Crummy and Craig Williams for drawing such precise and detailed brooch illustrations. Thanks to JD Hill and Alexander Fletcher for orchestrating the CDA programme and always sorting out the paperwork. Thank you also to the curators for all being so happy to share their knowledge and support me with caffeine. Thanks to Nina Crummy for making all her digitised data and images from Grace Simpson’s manuscript available to me so early on in my research. Thank you also to all the staff at museums around the country who not only facilitated my access to their collections but have shown immense knowledge of and enthusiasm for the material and its analysis. It has been a real highlight meeting you all: Adam Gwilt (National Museum of Wales); Alison Roberts (Ashmolean Museum); Ann Taylor and Imogen Gunn (Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Cambridge); Giles Guthrie (Maidstone Museum and Bentlif Art Gallery); Jill Greenaway (Reading Museum); Jon Cotton and Caroline McDonald (Museum of London); Lisa Webb (Wiltshire Museum); Steve Minnitt (Somerset County Council Heritage Service). Data have also been made available to me by a number of professional archaeologists and academic staff including Grahame Appleby, Justine Bayley, Katharina Becker, David Dungworth, Chris Evans, Michael Farley, Andrew Fitzpatrick, Ian Freestone, Mike Hemblade, Ian Jackson, Grace Jones, Zena Kamash, Kevin Leahy, Steve Malone (APS), Rose Nicholson, Stuart Palmer, Colin Palmer-Brown, Keith Parfitt, Sheila Raven, Helen Rees, Brett Thorn. Thank you to Anna Booth for kindly sharing the current results of her penannular brooch research with me. Thanks also to Ben Croxford at Kent County Council for all the GIS assistance. Neil Burridge, thanks so much for having a go at making brooches with me, it was a truly memorable experience. The analytical process has also been aided by a number of opportunities to describe and discuss my research to an audience. So, thank you to the organisers of IARSS, Otzenhausen 2011 (especially Sabine Hornung), East Riding Archaeological Society, the British Museum public engagement team, and the postgraduate community at the University of Leicester. It would not have been possible to keep going without the support of my friends and family. They have suffered my stress and neglect, cheered me up, listened to my rants, avoided the question and reminded me how to interact with people. Thank you for keeping me human. Especially thanks to my mum and dad, sisters, the ‘mice’, and the in-laws: thanks for all the laughter, meals and episodes of bad dancing. To my husband, Andrew Mayfield, thank you for loving me even when I am in study mode; thank you helping me through the tough parts and revelling in the fun parts, and thank you for wanting to marry me in spite of it all. So many people have been involved in and assisted with my research in many ways. Sorry I have not managed to name you all but I remain ever grateful. All errors and omissions remain my own. For Anders Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1 Chapter 1 Research Context .......................................................................................... 3 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................................ 3 1.1.1 Brooches in Britain ......................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Nomenclature and Chronology ............................................................................................. 6 1.3 Setting the Scene ................................................................................................................... 12 1.3.1 Settlements in Iron Age Britain ............................................................................... 13 1.3.2 Hillforts ............................................................................................................................. 14 1.3.3 Artefacts ........................................................................................................................... 15 1.3.4 Production ....................................................................................................................... 16 1.3.5 Deposition and Distribution ..................................................................................... 16 1.3.6 Sites with a Ritual Character .................................................................................... 17 1.3.7 Iron Age Society ............................................................................................................. 18 Chapter 2 Past and Present Research on Brooches ............................................ 21 2.1 The Brooches .........................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Memorials of Old Wiltshire I
    M-L Gc 942.3101 D84m 1304191 GENEALOGY COLLECTION I 3 1833 00676 4861 Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive in 2009 with funding from Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center http://www.archive.org/details/memorialsofoldwiOOdryd '^: Memorials OF Old Wiltshire I ^ .MEMORIALS DF OLD WILTSHIRE EDITED BY ALICE DRYDEN Editor of Meinoriah cf Old Northamptonshire ' With many Illustrations 1304191 PREFACE THE Series of the Memorials of the Counties of England is now so well known that a preface seems unnecessary to introduce the contributed papers, which have all been specially written for the book. It only remains for the Editor to gratefully thank the contributors for their most kind and voluntary assistance. Her thanks are also due to Lady Antrobus for kindly lending some blocks from her Guide to Amesbury and Stonekenge, and for allowing the reproduction of some of Miss C. Miles' unique photographs ; and to Mr. Sidney Brakspear, Mr. Britten, and Mr. Witcomb, for the loan of their photographs. Alice Dryden. CONTENTS Page Historic Wiltshire By M. Edwards I Three Notable Houses By J. Alfred Gotch, F.S.A., F.R.I.B.A. Prehistoric Circles By Sir Alexander Muir Mackenzie, Bart. 29 Lacock Abbey .... By the Rev. W. G. Clark- Maxwell, F.S.A. Lieut.-General Pitt-Rivers . By H. St. George Gray The Rising in the West, 1655 . The Royal Forests of Wiltshire and Cranborne Chase The Arundells of Wardour Salisbury PoHtics in the Reign of Queen Anne William Beckford of Fonthill Marlborough in Olden Times Malmesbury Literary Associations . Clarendon, the Historian . Salisbury .... CONTENTS Page Some Old Houses By the late Thomas Garner 197 Bradford-on-Avon By Alice Dryden 210 Ancient Barns in Wiltshire By Percy Mundy .
    [Show full text]
  • Chivalry in Western Literature Richard N
    Rollins College Rollins Scholarship Online Master of Liberal Studies Theses 2012 The nbU ought Grace of Life: Chivalry in Western Literature Richard N. Boggs Rollins College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.rollins.edu/mls Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, European History Commons, Medieval History Commons, and the Medieval Studies Commons Recommended Citation Boggs, Richard N., "The nbouU ght Grace of Life: Chivalry in Western Literature" (2012). Master of Liberal Studies Theses. 21. http://scholarship.rollins.edu/mls/21 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by Rollins Scholarship Online. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master of Liberal Studies Theses by an authorized administrator of Rollins Scholarship Online. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Unbought Grace of Life: Chivalry in Western Literature A Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Liberal Studies by Richard N. Boggs May, 2012 Mentor: Dr. Thomas Cook Reader: Dr. Gail Sinclair Rollins College Hamilton Holt School Master of Liberal Studies Program Winter Park, Florida The Unbought Grace of Life: Chivalry in Western Literature By Richard N. Boggs May, 2012 Project Approved: ________________________________________ Mentor ________________________________________ Reader ________________________________________ Director, Master of Liberal Studies Program ________________________________________ Dean, Hamilton Holt School Rollins College Dedicated to my wife Elizabeth for her love, her patience and her unceasing support. CONTENTS I. Introduction 1 II. Greek Pre-Chivalry 5 III. Roman Pre-Chivalry 11 IV. The Rise of Christian Chivalry 18 V. The Age of Chivalry 26 VI.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Medieval Dykes (400 to 850 Ad)
    EARLY MEDIEVAL DYKES (400 TO 850 AD) A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2015 Erik Grigg School of Arts, Languages and Cultures Contents Table of figures ................................................................................................ 3 Abstract ........................................................................................................... 6 Declaration ...................................................................................................... 7 Acknowledgments ........................................................................................... 9 1 INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY ................................................. 10 1.1 The history of dyke studies ................................................................. 13 1.2 The methodology used to analyse dykes ............................................ 26 2 THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DYKES ............................................. 36 2.1 Identification and classification ........................................................... 37 2.2 Tables ................................................................................................. 39 2.3 Probable early-medieval dykes ........................................................... 42 2.4 Possible early-medieval dykes ........................................................... 48 2.5 Probable rebuilt prehistoric or Roman dykes ...................................... 51 2.6 Probable reused prehistoric
    [Show full text]
  • Swindon and Its Environs
    •/ BY THE SAME AUTHOR. ARTHUR YOUNG ANNOUNCES FOR PUBLICATION DURING 1897. THE HISTORY OF MALMESBURY ABBEY by Richard Jefferies, Edited, with Histori- cal Notes, by Grace Toplis. Illustrated by Notes on the present state of the Abbey Church, and reproductions from Original Drawings by Alfred Alex. Clarke (Author of a Monograph on Wells Cathedral). London : SiMPKiN, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co., Ltd. V* THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY COPIES OF THIS EDITION PRINTED FOR SALE r JEFFERIES' LAND A History of Swindon and its Environs pi o I—I I—I Ph < u -^ o u > =St ?^"^>^ittJ JEFFERIES' LAND A History of Swindon and its Environs BY THE LATE RICHARD JEFFERIES EDITED WITH NOTES BY GRACE TOPLIS WITH MAP AND ILLUSTRATIONS London Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co Ltd Wells, Somerset : Arthur Young MDCCCXCVI ^y^' COPYRIGHT y4// Rights Reserved CONTENTS CHAP. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS CHAP. PAGE 1. Ivy-Church. Avebury Font , Fro7itispiece 2. Jefferies' House, Victorl^, Street, ' Swindon I. i 3. The Lawn, Swindon I. 4. Ruins of Holyrood Church 5. The Reservoir, Coate . 6. Wanborough Church , . 7. Entrance to Swindon from Coate 8. Marlborough Lane 9. Day House Farm, Coate 10. Chisledon Church 11. Jefferies' House, Coate 12. West Window, Fairford Church Note. —The illustrations are reproductions from drawings by Miss Agnes Taylor, Ilminster, mostly from photographs taken especially by Mr. Chas. Andrew, Swindon. viii INTRODUCTION T IFE teaches no harder lesson to any man I ^ than the bitter truth—as true as bitter— that ''A prophet is not without honour, save hi his own country, and in his own housed Andfo7'ei7iost among modern prophets who have had to realize its bitterness stands Richard '' Jefferies, the ''prophet'' of field and hedge- " row and all the simple daily beauty which lies " about tis on every hand.
    [Show full text]
  • Great Cloud of Witnesses.Indd
    A Great Cloud of Witnesses i ii A Great Cloud of Witnesses A Calendar of Commemorations iii Copyright © 2016 by The Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society of The Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America Portions of this book may be reproduced by a congregation for its own use. Commercial or large-scale reproduction for sale of any portion of this book or of the book as a whole, without the written permission of Church Publishing Incorporated, is prohibited. Cover design and typesetting by Linda Brooks ISBN-13: 978-0-89869-962-3 (binder) ISBN-13: 978-0-89869-966-1 (pbk.) ISBN-13: 978-0-89869-963-0 (ebook) Church Publishing, Incorporated. 19 East 34th Street New York, New York 10016 www.churchpublishing.org iv Contents Introduction vii On Commemorations and the Book of Common Prayer viii On the Making of Saints x How to Use These Materials xiii Commemorations Calendar of Commemorations Commemorations Appendix a1 Commons of Saints and Propers for Various Occasions a5 Commons of Saints a7 Various Occasions from the Book of Common Prayer a37 New Propers for Various Occasions a63 Guidelines for Continuing Alteration of the Calendar a71 Criteria for Additions to A Great Cloud of Witnesses a73 Procedures for Local Calendars and Memorials a75 Procedures for Churchwide Recognition a76 Procedures to Remove Commemorations a77 v vi Introduction This volume, A Great Cloud of Witnesses, is a further step in the development of liturgical commemorations within the life of The Episcopal Church. These developments fall under three categories. First, this volume presents a wide array of possible commemorations for individuals and congregations to observe.
    [Show full text]
  • Knighthood Vs Occultism
    Our Knight Order and Occultism; Any Relationship? Occultism can be defined as secrete operations that translate to the tenets of the world secret societies and groups with hidden intentions ,dark practices and mysterious activities which non-members are not permitted to participate in. They may be registered clubs or organizations whose activities and inner functioning are concealed from non-members and the government. Secret Societies are well organized conspirators working in secret to achieve a hidden agenda in which members use secrecy to protect themselves and their movements. General public view secret societies as malevolent organizations working against the general will of mankind and God. Members may be required to conceal or deny their memberships and they are often sworn to hold the society‟s secrets by an obligatory oath and violating the oath is consequential such as in application of ruthless sanctions and punishments. The following are some of occult related objects and activities-numerology, fortune telling, sorcery, psychic healing, rituals, soul travelling, voodoo, santeria, mediums, hypnotism, palm reading to mention few amidst their countless and repulsive norms. The Oxford Dictionary defines Knight, “a man upon whom non-hereditary dignity of knighthood is conferred by sovereign because of personal merit or for services rendered to the country”. A Knighthood is an honour whereby one is made into a knight and one can then be called “Sir” e.g. Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa and Sir Isaac Newton etc. Surely, therefore, this definition is the reason for us to select Very Important People all over the World to be included in this prestigious Internationally Chartered Knighthood incorporated under the laws of the government and filed at the office of the Secretary of the First State of United States of America (State of Delaware) which is due for award individual because of their service for mankind.
    [Show full text]
  • Hallam Fields, Birstall, Leicestershire
    An Excavation of an Iron Age Settlement at Hallam Fields, Birstall, Leicestershire The Lithics Lynden Cooper Results Some 151 worked flints were recovered from the excavation. A large proportion (83%) was from Middle Iron Age features and are likely to be residual. However the finds from two Early Bronze Age pit fills probably represent contemporary activity. Five pieces (3%) displaying bladelet technology can be regarded as Mesolithic. Two blades also may be Mesolithic. The microlith fragment has inverse basal retouch, a feature commonly seen in Honey Hill type assemblages from the Midlands (Saville 1981). These are suspected to chronologically fall between the earliest and latest Mesolithic in the Midlands (Myers 2006). Taking the remaining flints as a group they can be split into 119 flakes (83%), five pieces of shatter (3%), five cores (3%) and 15 tools (10%). The tools contain few chronologically diagnostic types. There is a possible example of an unfinished Laurel Leaf that would be of Neolithic date. A large fragment of a discoidal scraper is similar in form and flint type to Late Neolithic examples from Eye Kettleby and Rothley. There are some indications for later Bronze Age activity from the concave scrapers and the scraper with straight-edge retouch. Another scraper used an older (slightly patinated) flake support. Such recycling has been seen at other later Bronze Age sites in the area e.g. Willow Farm, Castle Donington and Cossington barrows (Cooper 2008). The technological aspects of the debitage would also fit within a broad Neolithic-Bronze Age date. The stratified flint from context (643) is remarkably fresh and sharp, further suggesting that it is contemporary.
    [Show full text]
  • Faringdon, Wantage & Wallingford
    CONTENTS 5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 2 5.2 History of the Route ......................................................................................................... 2 5.2.1 Stanford Road ................................................................................................... 2 5.2.2 Icknield Way/Portway ....................................................................................... 3 5.2.3 Wallingford Road .............................................................................................. 4 5.2.4 Early use of the Road ........................................................................................ 5 5.3 The First Act .................................................................................................................... 6 5.4 Implementing the Act ...................................................................................................... 7 5.5 Later Acts ......................................................................................................................... 7 5.6 Wallingford Toll-Bridge .................................................................................................. 9 5.7 The Trustees ..................................................................................................................... 10 5.8 Trust Officers and Finance............................................................................................... 11
    [Show full text]
  • From Bronze Age Cups to Sou- Venirs from Hadrian's Wall to Coins Hidden
    The 10 greatest discoveries Finds such as the Chew Valley Hoard, a collection of rare Conquest-era coins, have helped change our perception of Britain’s past Unburied treasures From Bronze Age cups to sou- ed, the PAS – run by the British venirs from Hadrian’s Wall to coins Museum and Amgueddfa Cymru- hidden at the height of the Viking National Museum Wales – has wars, the British public has dis- recorded more than 1.5 million covered hundreds of thousands finds. To mark that milestone, we of archaeological finds, many of asked six PAS archaeologists to which have been recorded with the nominate 10 discoveries that they Portable Antiquities Scheme. believe have done most to transform Now, 23 years after it was found- our knowledge of the past… COMPILED BY MICHAEL LEWIS PRESS ASSOCIATION IMAGES → 61 The 10 greatest discoveries The Chalgrove (II) Hoard consisted of a jar containing 1 A taste of the Bronze Age realms of speculation! 4,957 Roman coins, What we are more confident of including one bearing the The Ringlemere Cup gives us the rarest of glimpses is that the cup was deposited portrait of an emperor of life in Britain more than three millennia ago (perhaps ritually) within a barrow almost lost to history in a prehistoric complex that dates back to c2300 BC, but with activity We know very little about the originally 11cm high with corrugat- on the site going back even further people who occupied the ed sides. I say ‘originally’ because, in time. We also know that the south-east corner of the British when Bradshaw discovered the Ringlemere Cup is one of six Isles 3,500 years ago.
    [Show full text]
  • Kellys Directory Extract 1911 Aldbourne
    Kellys Directory Extract 1911 Aldbourne Aldbourne is a village and parish, pleasantly situated in a fertile valley on the road from Swindon to Hungerford, 4½ miles east from Ogbourn station on the Cheltenham branch of the London and South Western railway, 8 north-west from Hungerford and 7½ north-east from Marlborough, in the Eastern division of the county, hundred of Selkley, petty sessional division of Marlborough and Ramsbury, Hungerford union and county court district, rural deanery of Marlborough, archdeaconry of Wilts and diocese of Salisbury. The church of St. Michael is an ancient edifice of stone, in the Norman style, supposed to have been altered in the reign of Edward V, and has a chancel with chancel aisles, nave of four bays, aisles, south porch and square embattled western tower, with pinnacles containing a clock and 8 bells; the church was restored in 1867, and an organ presented in 1869 by the widow of Henry Charles esq. in memoriam: in the south aisle is a handsome altar-tomb with several figures, erected to the Goddard family, of Upham, date 1597; there is also one to the Waldron family, bearing an inscription in three languages, date 1617; another, of alabaster, to the memory of John Stone, prebendary of Sarum, formerly vicar of Aldbourne, date 1501; several ancient brasses remain perfect; there are 500 sittings. The register dates from the year 1637. The living is a vicarage, net yearly value £275, with 420 acres of glebe, and residence, in the gift of the Bishop of Salisbury, and held since 1910 by the Rev.
    [Show full text]
  • Hillforts: Britain, Ireland and the Nearer Continent
    Hillforts: Britain, Ireland and the Nearer Continent Papers from the Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland Conference, June 2017 edited by Gary Lock and Ian Ralston Archaeopress Archaeology Archaeopress Publishing Ltd Summertown Pavilion 18-24 Middle Way Summertown Oxford OX2 7LG www.archaeopress.com ISBN 978-1-78969-226-6 ISBN 978-1-78969-227-3 (e-Pdf) © Authors and Archaeopress 2019 Cover images: A selection of British and Irish hillforts. Four-digit numbers refer to their online Atlas designations (Lock and Ralston 2017), where further information is available. Front, from top: White Caterthun, Angus [SC 3087]; Titterstone Clee, Shropshire [EN 0091]; Garn Fawr, Pembrokeshire [WA 1988]; Brusselstown Ring, Co Wicklow [IR 0718]; Back, from top: Dun Nosebridge, Islay, Argyll [SC 2153]; Badbury Rings, Dorset [EN 3580]; Caer Drewyn Denbighshire [WA 1179]; Caherconree, Co Kerry [IR 0664]. Bottom front and back: Cronk Sumark [IOM 3220]. Credits: 1179 courtesy Ian Brown; 0664 courtesy James O’Driscoll; remainder Ian Ralston. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. Printed in England by Severn, Gloucester This book is available direct from Archaeopress or from our website www.archaeopress.com Contents List of Figures ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ii
    [Show full text]
  • Heritage at Risk Register 2012
    HERITAGE AT RISK 2012 / SOUTH WEST Contents HERITAGE AT RISK 3 Reducing the risks 7 Publications and guidance 10 THE REGISTER 12 Content and assessment criteria 12 Key to the entries 15 Heritage at risk entries by local planning authority 17 Bath and North East Somerset (UA) 19 Bournemouth (UA) 22 Bristol, City of (UA) 22 Cornwall (UA) 25 Devon 62 Dorset 131 Gloucestershire 173 Isles of Scilly (UA) 188 North Somerset (UA) 192 Plymouth, City of (UA) 193 Poole (UA) 197 Somerset 197 South Gloucestershire (UA) 213 Swindon (UA) 215 Torbay (UA) 218 Wiltshire (UA) 219 Despite the challenges of recession, the number of sites on the Heritage at Risk Register continues to fall. Excluding listed places of worship, for which the survey is still incomplete,1,150 assets have been removed for positive reasons since the Register was launched in 2008.The sites that remain at risk tend to be the more intractable ones where solutions are taking longer to implement. While the overall number of buildings at risk has fallen, the average conservation deficit for each property has increased from £260k (1999) to £370k (2012).We are also seeing a steady increase in the proportion of buildings that are capable of beneficial re-use – those that have become redundant not because of any fundamental lack of potential, but simply as the temporary victims of the current economic climate. The South West headlines for 2012 reveal a mixed picture. We will continue to fund Monument Management It is good news that 8 buildings at risk have been removed Schemes which, with match-funding from local authorities, from the Register; less good that another 15 have had to offer a cost-effective, locally led approach to tackling be added.
    [Show full text]