Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) and the 116Th Congress
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The Confessions of the Hacker Who Saved the Internet About:Reader?Url=
The Confessions of the Hacker Who Saved the Internet about:reader?url=https://www.wired.com/story/confessions-marcus-hutc... wired.com The Confessions of the Hacker Who Saved the Internet Andy Greenberg 72-92 minutes At around 7 am on a quiet Wednesday in August 2017, Marcus Hutchins walked out the front door of the Airbnb mansion in Las Vegas where he had been partying for the past week and a half. A gangly, 6'4", 23-year-old hacker with an explosion of blond-brown curls, Hutchins had emerged to retrieve his order of a Big Mac and fries from an Uber Eats deliveryman. But as he stood barefoot on the mansion's driveway wearing only a T-shirt and jeans, Hutchins noticed a black SUV parked on the street—one that looked very much like an FBI stakeout. He stared at the vehicle blankly, his mind still hazed from sleep deprivation and stoned from the legalized Nevada weed he'd been smoking all night. For a fleeting moment, he wondered: Is this finally it? 1 of 51 5/21/2020, 10:07 AM The Confessions of the Hacker Who Saved the Internet about:reader?url=https://www.wired.com/story/confessions-marcus-hutc... June 2020. Subscribe to WIRED . Photograph: Ramona Rosales But as soon as the thought surfaced, he dismissed it. The FBI would never be so obvious, he told himself. His feet had begun to scald on the griddle of the driveway. So he grabbed the McDonald's bag and headed back inside, through the mansion's courtyard, and into the pool house he'd been using as a bedroom. -
Identity Theft Literature Review
The author(s) shown below used Federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of Justice and prepared the following final report: Document Title: Identity Theft Literature Review Author(s): Graeme R. Newman, Megan M. McNally Document No.: 210459 Date Received: July 2005 Award Number: 2005-TO-008 This report has not been published by the U.S. Department of Justice. To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally- funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. IDENTITY THEFT LITERATURE REVIEW Prepared for presentation and discussion at the National Institute of Justice Focus Group Meeting to develop a research agenda to identify the most effective avenues of research that will impact on prevention, harm reduction and enforcement January 27-28, 2005 Graeme R. Newman School of Criminal Justice, University at Albany Megan M. McNally School of Criminal Justice, Rutgers University, Newark This project was supported by Contract #2005-TO-008 awarded by the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Points of view in this document are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. -
Are the Current Computer Crime Laws Sufficient Or Should the Writing of Virus Code Be Prohibited?
Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal Volume 18 Volume XVIII Number 3 Volume XVIII Book 3 Article 8 2008 Are the Current Computer Crime Laws Sufficient or Should the Writing of Virus Code Be Prohibited? Robert J. Kroczynski Fordham University School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/iplj Part of the Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons, and the Intellectual Property Law Commons Recommended Citation Robert J. Kroczynski, Are the Current Computer Crime Laws Sufficient or Should theriting W of Virus Code Be Prohibited?, 18 Fordham Intell. Prop. Media & Ent. L.J. 817 (2008). Available at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/iplj/vol18/iss3/8 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by FLASH: The Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal by an authorized editor of FLASH: The Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Are the Current Computer Crime Laws Sufficient or Should theriting W of Virus Code Be Prohibited? Cover Page Footnote Alexander Southwell, Shari Sckolnick This note is available in Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/iplj/vol18/iss3/8 KROCZYNSKI_022508_FINAL 2/25/2008 7:20:52 PM Are the Current Computer Crime Laws Sufficient or Should the Writing of Virus Code Be Prohibited? Robert J. Kroczynski* INTRODUCTION .............................................................................818 I. BACKGROUND OF CYBERCRIME AND VIRUSES........................820 A. DEFINITION OF VIRUSES AND TECHNICAL DESCRIPTIONS ....822 1. -
Opentext Product Security Assurance Program
The Information Company ™ Product Security Assurance Program Contents Objective 03 Scope 03 Sources 03 Introduction 03 Concept and design 04 Development 05 Testing and quality assurance 07 Maintain and support 09 Partnership and responsibility 10 Privavy and Security Policy 11 Product Security Assurance Program 2/11 Objective The goals of the OpenText Product Security Assurance Program (PSAP) are to help ensure that all products, solutions, and services are designed, developed, and maintained with security in mind, and to provide OpenText customers with the assurance that their important assets and information are protected at all times. This document provides a general, public overview of the key aspects and components of the PSAP program. Scope The scope of the PSAP includes all software solutions designed and developed by OpenText and its subsidiaries. All OpenText employees are responsible to uphold and participate in this program. Sources The source of this overview document is the PSAP Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). This SOP is highly confidential in nature, for internal OpenText consumption only. This overview document represents the aspects that are able to be shared with OpenText customers and partners. Introduction OpenText is committed to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of its customer information. OpenText believes that the foundation of a highly secure system is that the security is built in to the software from the initial stages of its concept, design, development, deployment, and beyond. In this respect, -
CYBERATTACKS and the DIGITAL DILEMMA
CYBERATTACKS and the DIGITAL DILEMMA Recent high-profile hacks have renewed calls for improved security, but competing incentives pose a challenge By Tim Sablik ver the past year, Americans have been inundated More Connected, More Exposed with news of one large-scale cyberattack after One reason cyberattacks continue to be a problem despite Oanother. The Democratic National Committee’s efforts to stop them is that there are simply more avenues email server was compromised during the 2016 election, of attack than ever before. For instance, a growing array and the organization’s internal emails were posted pub- of consumer devices — TVs, cars, ovens, and thermostats, licly by WikiLeaks. An October 2016 attack temporarily to name a few — are now connected to the Web, making disrupted service to many of the most trafficked sites up what has been called the Internet of Things (IoT). on the Web, including Netflix, Amazon, and Twitter. One estimate holds that there will be more than 8 billion Ransomware — malicious code that locks a computer’s connected devices by the end of 2017 — more than one files until users pay for a decryption key — infected busi- for every person on the planet. By 2020, this number is ness, government, and personal computers around the expected to grow to more than 20 billion. But these new globe in May and June 2017. And in September, credit devices come with a trade-off. bureau Equifax disclosed that hackers accessed personal “The more technology we accumulate to make our lives data used to obtain loans or credit cards for as many as 143 easier, the more it opens us up to attack,” says Timothy million Americans — making it potentially the largest data Summers, the director of innovation, entrepreneurship, theft in history. -
Competing Theories of Blackmail: an Empirical Research Critique of Criminal Law Theory
Competing Theories of Blackmail: An Empirical Research Critique of Criminal Law Theory Paul H. Robinson,* Michael T. Cahill** & Daniel M. Bartels*** The crime of blackmail has risen to national media attention because of the David Letterman case, but this wonderfully curious offense has long been the favorite of clever criminal law theorists. It criminalizes the threat to do something that would not be criminal if one did it. There exists a rich liter- ature on the issue, with many prominent legal scholars offering their accounts. Each theorist has his own explanation as to why the blackmail offense exists. Most theories seek to justify the position that blackmail is a moral wrong and claim to offer an account that reflects widely shared moral intuitions. But the theories make widely varying assertions about what those shared intuitions are, while also lacking any evidence to support the assertions. This Article summarizes the results of an empirical study designed to test the competing theories of blackmail to see which best accords with pre- vailing sentiment. Using a variety of scenarios designed to isolate and test the various criteria different theorists have put forth as “the” key to blackmail, this study reveals which (if any) of the various theories of blackmail proposed to date truly reflects laypeople’s moral judgment. Blackmail is not only a common subject of scholarly theorizing but also a common object of criminal prohibition. Every American jurisdiction criminalizes blackmail, although there is considerable variation in its formulation. The Article reviews the American statutes and describes the three general approaches these provisions reflect. -
The Unnecessary Crime of Conspiracy
California Law Review VOL. 61 SEPTEMBER 1973 No. 5 The Unnecessary Crime of Conspiracy Phillip E. Johnson* The literature on the subject of criminal conspiracy reflects a sort of rough consensus. Conspiracy, it is generally said, is a necessary doctrine in some respects, but also one that is overbroad and invites abuse. Conspiracy has been thought to be necessary for one or both of two reasons. First, it is said that a separate offense of conspiracy is useful to supplement the generally restrictive law of attempts. Plot- ters who are arrested before they can carry out their dangerous schemes may be convicted of conspiracy even though they did not go far enough towards completion of their criminal plan to be guilty of attempt.' Second, conspiracy is said to be a vital legal weapon in the prosecu- tion of "organized crime," however defined.' As Mr. Justice Jackson put it, "the basic conspiracy principle has some place in modem crimi- nal law, because to unite, back of a criniinal purpose, the strength, op- Professor of Law, University of California, Berkeley. A.B., Harvard Uni- versity, 1961; J.D., University of Chicago, 1965. 1. The most cogent statement of this point is in Note, 14 U. OF TORONTO FACULTY OF LAW REv. 56, 61-62 (1956): "Since we are fettered by an unrealistic law of criminal attempts, overbalanced in favour of external acts, awaiting the lit match or the cocked and aimed pistol, the law of criminal conspiracy has been em- ployed to fill the gap." See also MODEL PENAL CODE § 5.03, Comment at 96-97 (Tent. -
Flipping 419 Cybercrime Scams: Targeting the Weak and the Vulnerable
Flipping 419 Cybercrime Scams: Targeting the Weak and the Vulnerable Gibson Mba Jeremiah Onaolapo Royal Holloway University College London University of London Gianluca Stringhini Lorenzo Cavallaro University College London Royal Holloway University of London ABSTRACT ans living in Nigeria. While the long history and advanced Most of cyberscam-related studies focus on threats perpe- use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) trated against the Western society, with a particular atten- in the Western societies justify the large body of literature tion to the USA and Europe. Regrettably, no research has dealing with its misuse, the absence of detailed studies on been done on scams targeting African countries, especially other regions, such as Africa, creates the impression that Nigeria, where the notorious and (in)famous 419 advanced- these societies are immune from cyber attacks. On the con- fee scam, targeted towards other countries, originated. How- trary, there is more happening out there that has not been ever, as we know, cybercrime is a global problem affecting brought to the attention of the concerned public. Our study all parties. In this study, we investigate a form of advance aims at bridging this gap, i.e., the paucity of African unique fee fraud scam unique to Nigeria and targeted at Nigerians, contribution to the global cybercrime, by studying in de- but unknown to the Western world. For the study, we rely tail a form of 419 (advance fee fraud) scam unknown to the substantially on almost two years worth of data harvested West but unique to Africa|Nigeria in particular|targeted from an online discussion forum used by criminals. -
Report to the President: MIT and the Prosecution of Aaron Swartz
Report to the President MIT and the Prosecution of Aaron Swartz Review Panel Harold Abelson Peter A. Diamond Andrew Grosso Douglas W. Pfeiffer (support) July 26, 2013 © Copyright 2013, Massachusetts Institute of Technology This worK is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. PRESIDENT REIF’S CHARGE TO HAL ABELSON | iii L. Rafael Reif, President 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Building 3-208 Cambridge, MA 02139-4307 U.S.A. Phone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
Address Munging: the Practice of Disguising, Or Munging, an E-Mail Address to Prevent It Being Automatically Collected and Used
Address Munging: the practice of disguising, or munging, an e-mail address to prevent it being automatically collected and used as a target for people and organizations that send unsolicited bulk e-mail address. Adware: or advertising-supported software is any software package which automatically plays, displays, or downloads advertising material to a computer after the software is installed on it or while the application is being used. Some types of adware are also spyware and can be classified as privacy-invasive software. Adware is software designed to force pre-chosen ads to display on your system. Some adware is designed to be malicious and will pop up ads with such speed and frequency that they seem to be taking over everything, slowing down your system and tying up all of your system resources. When adware is coupled with spyware, it can be a frustrating ride, to say the least. Backdoor: in a computer system (or cryptosystem or algorithm) is a method of bypassing normal authentication, securing remote access to a computer, obtaining access to plaintext, and so on, while attempting to remain undetected. The backdoor may take the form of an installed program (e.g., Back Orifice), or could be a modification to an existing program or hardware device. A back door is a point of entry that circumvents normal security and can be used by a cracker to access a network or computer system. Usually back doors are created by system developers as shortcuts to speed access through security during the development stage and then are overlooked and never properly removed during final implementation. -
Lawyer: British Hacking Suspect Will Be Vindicated 14 August 2017
Lawyer: British hacking suspect will be vindicated 14 August 2017 "Marcus Hutchins is a brilliant young man and a hero," said Marcia Hofmann, an attorney affiliated with the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a digital rights group, who represented Hutchins at the hearing. "He is going to vigorously defend himself against these charges. And when the evidence comes to light, we are confident he will be fully vindicated." Hours after the hearing, Hutchins resumed activity on Twitter. "I'm still on trial, still not allowed to go home, still on house arrest; but now i am allowed online," he wrote. He also joked about the experience with a sarcastic Marcus Hutchins (R), the British cyber security expert "to do" list from his US visit: "Things to do during accused of creating and selling malware that steals defcon: Attend parties. Visit red rock canyon. Go banking passwords, appeared at a court hearing shooting. Be indicted by the FBI. Rent supercars." Monday in Milwaukee, Wisconsin with his lawyers Marcia Homann and Brian Klein A federal indictment accuses Hutchins and another A lawyer for a 23-year-old British computer security individual of making and distributing the Kronos researcher accused of creating malware to attack "banking Trojan," a reference to malicious software the banking system on Monday called him a "hero" designed to steal user names and passwords used and predicted he would be "fully vindicated." at online banking sites. The lawyer's remarks came after Marcus The indictment set the time of the activity by Hutchins—who three months ago found a "kill Hutchins as being from July 2014 to July 2015. -
Orin2 Programming Guide PDF Download
ORiN 2 programming guide - 1 - ORiN2 Programming guide Version 1.0.19.0 June 18, 2019 [Remarks] Some items might not be installed depending on the package you have. ORiN Forum DENSO WAVE Inc. ORiN 2 programming guide - 2 - [Revision history] Date Version Content 2005-05-09 1.0.0.0 First edition. 2006-08-21 1.0.1.0 Add the way to register CAO RCW into GAC under .NET framework 2.0. 2007-04-23 1.0.2.0 ORiN Installer registers CAO and CaoSQL RCW into GAC. 2008-07-16 1.0.3.0 Add some descriptions 2009-06-12 1.0.4.0 Add Import and Export commands to save settings. 2009-07-31 1.0.5.0 Add the way to register CAO RCW into GAC under .NET framework 2.0. 2010-02-10 1.0.6.0 Add description on LabVIEW 2010-06-08 1.0.7.0 Add the way to confirm an installation state of ORiN2 SDK. 2011-04-27 1.0.8.0 Add a sample code in C#. 2011-12-22 1.0.9.0 Add an error code. 2012-07-10 1.0.10.0 Add an error code. 2012-08-24 1.0.11.0 Modify an error code 2012-09-07 1.0.12.0 Modify an error code 2014-01-20 1.0.13.0 Add an error code. Add an integration into Visual Studio 2014-09-22 1.0.14.0 Add an error code. 2015-11-04 1.0.15.0 Add SysLog output of CAO log.