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Jollie, M. 1962. morphology. Rein- 1927. Respiratory function of the hold Publ. Co., New York. swim bladder in Lepidosteus. J. Exp. Zool. Mark, E. L. 1890. Studies on Lepidosteus. 49: 45-67. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard Coll. 19: Rahn, J., K. B. Rahn, B. J. Howell, C. Gans, 1-127. and S. M. Tenney. 1.971. Air-breathing in McCormack, B. T. 1967. Aerial respiration the . Resp. Physiol. 11: 285-314. in the Florida spotted gar. Quart. J. Florida Wilder, B. G. 1876. Notes on the North Acad. Sci. 30: 68-72. American ganoids. Amia, Lepidosteus, Aci- 1970. Aerial and aquatic respiration penser, and Polyodon. Proc. Amer. Assoc. in the Florida gar, platyrhincus. Adv. Sci. B. 24: 151-196. Unpub. M.Sc. Thesis, Univ. of Miami, Miami Winston, W. D., Jr. 1967. Effects of tem- Florida. 58 p. perature and light on the rate of aerial breath- Potter, G. E. 1926. Ecological studies of the ing of the alligator gar, Lepisosteus spatula. short-nosed gar-pike {Lepidosteus platystomus). Unpubl. M.Sc. Thesis, Univ. of Okla., Nor- Univ. Iowa Stud. Nat, Hist. 11: 17-26. man, Okla. 24 p.

NEW OCCURRENCE AND HOST has previously been known only from FOR TACHINAEPHAGUS ZEA- the East and West coasts of the United LANDICUS ASHMEAD (HYMENOP- States and was first found here in Cali- TERA: ENCYRTIDAE).1 Tachinae- fornia. In addition T. zealandicus has phagus zealandicus Ashmead was found not been known to parasitize Otitid flies as a parasite of Tritoxa (Diptera: (B. D. Burks, Personal communication, Otitidae) in Cincinnati, Ohio. This is a October 1973). new record for both host and occurrence Tritoxa flexa is sometimes a pest of for T. zealandicus. This occurrence sug- onions in storage and in the field (Manis, gests a possible means for the spread of T. 941). The range of T. flexa has been zealandicus in North America. given as follows: Manitoba and North In the course of work with the genus Dakota to Connecticut and south to Tritoxa several larvae were obtained by Illinois and Georgia, (Stone, 1965). How- leaving onions in high grass where breed- ever, T. flexa has also been reported in ing pairs of Tritoxa flexa (Wied.) were California (Cole and Schlinger, 1969). seen. Third instar Tritoxa larvae were The range of Tritoxa flexa and occur- collected from the onions and allowed to rences to date of Tachinaephagus zea- pupate in the laboratory. One Tritoxa landicus, along with the present host pupa of a group obtained in this manner record, indicate that the spread of yielded seven hymenoptera of family Tachinaephagus zealandicus in North Encyrtidae and the other pupae of the America could be the result of commercial group yielded Tritoxa flexa imago. Ex- transportation of onions infested with amination of the puparia of this group parasitized Tritoxa flexa.—WILLIAM showed all but one had split on the an- DOWNING. 173 Ireland Avenue, Cin- terior end in the manner characteristic cinnati, Ohio 45218. of Diptera of suborder Cyclorrhapha. The puparium which was not split had a LITERATURE CITED small round hole in the ventral surface of Cole, Frank R., and E. L. Schlinger. 1969. The flies of Western North Ameiica. Uni- the anterior end, which presumably versity of California Press, p. 346. served as an exit for the parasites. Legner, E. F., and G. S. Olton. 1968. Activity The Encyrtid parasites were deter- of parasites from Diptera: Musca domestica, Stomoxys calcitrans, and Species of Fannia, mined by K. S. Hagen, of the Division Muscina and Ophyra. II. At Sites in the of Biological Control at the University of Eastern Hemisphere and Pacific Area. Ann. California, to be Tachinaephagus zea- Ent. Soc. Amer. 61: 1306-1314. landicus Ashmead. Manis, H. C. 1941. Bionomics and morphol- ogy of the Black Onion Fly, Tritoxa fexa Tachinaephagus zealandicus normally (Wied.) (Diptera, Ortalidae). Iowa State Col. occurs in Australia and New Zealand Jour. Sci. 16: 96-98. (Legner and Olton, 1968). This species Stone, Allan, et al. 1965. A catalog of the Diptera of America North of Mexico. USDA 'Note received December 19, 1973 (73-79). Agric. Handbook No. 276. 1969 pp.