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Introduction to P25

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Introduction to P25 Introduction to P25 TRG-00001-01-M · Issue 1 · October 2015 Contact Information Tait Communications Corporate Head Office Tait Limited P.O. Box 1645 Christchurch New Zealand For the address and telephone number of regional offices, refer to our website: www.taitradio.com Copyright and Trademarks All information contained in this document is the property of Tait Limited. All rights reserved. This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, stored, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form, without prior written permission from Tait Limited. The word TAIT and the TAIT logo are trademarks of Tait Limited. All trade names referenced are the service mark, trademark or registered trademark of the respective manufacturers. Disclaimer There are no warranties extended or granted by this document. Tait Limited accepts no responsibility for damage arising from use of the information contained in the document or of the equipment and software it describes. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that use of such information, equipment and software complies with the laws, rules and regulations of the applicable jurisdictions. Enquiries and Comments If you have any enquiries regarding this document, or any comments, suggestions and notifications of errors, please contact your regional Tait office. Updates of Manual and Equipment In the interests of improving the performance, reliability or servicing of the equipment, Tait Limited reserves the right to update the equipment or this document or both without prior notice. 2 Introduction to P25 © Tait Limited October 2015 Contents 1 The P25 Standard . 7 1.1 What is APCO Project 25?. 7 1.1.1 APCO Project 25 . 7 1.2 Benefits of P25. 8 1.2.1 Open Standard . 8 1.2.2 Interoperability and Migration Path . 9 1.2.3 Levels of Interoperability in Radio Systems . 10 1.2.4 Frequency Use . 12 1.2.5 Digital Audio Quality . 13 1.2.6 P25 Services . 15 1.2.7 List of P25 Services. 16 1.3 P25 Phase 2 Overview . 17 1.3.1 P25 Phase 2 Additional Details . 18 1.3.2 P25 Phase 2 Uses TDMA . 20 1.4 Introduction to P25 Trunking. 25 1.4.1 What is Trunking? . 25 1.4.2 The Development of Trunking . 25 1.4.3 Trunking Efficiency. 29 1.4.4 Trunking Technologies . 30 1.4.5 Advantages of a Trunked Radio System . 30 1.4.6 P25 Standards . 31 1.4.7 P25 Trunked System Identification . 32 2 P25 Network Architecture . 35 2.1 Network Overview. 35 2.1.1 Standards and Open Interfaces . 36 2.1.2 Conventional System Types . 36 2.1.3 Trunked System Types . 40 2.1.4 Conclusion. 41 2.2 Linking . 42 2.2.1 Linking Infrastructure . 42 2.2.2 Linking - Monitoring and Management . 43 2.2.3 Dedicated or Shared Network . 43 2.2.4 Voice over IP. 45 2.2.5 Trunking . 47 2.3 Site Equipment. 48 2.3.1 Introduction . 48 2.3.2 Antenna System. 48 2.3.3 Power Supply Equipment . 48 2.3.4 Repeaters (Base Stations) . 49 2.3.5 Networking Equipment . 50 2.3.6 Linking Equipment . 50 2.3.7 Trunked Site Control Equipment. 50 2.3.8 Conventional Control Equipment . 50 Introduction to P25 3 © Tait Limited October 2015 2.4 Central Site Equipment. 51 2.4.1 Conventional . 51 2.4.2 Trunking. 52 2.4.3 Management. 53 2.5 Gateways . 54 2.5.1 Dispatch . 54 2.5.2 Phone . 55 2.5.3 Data . 55 2.5.4 Analog Gateway. 56 2.5.5 Alarms . 57 2.5.6 Inter Sub System Interface. 57 2.6 Network Management . 58 2.6.1 Tactical Management. 58 2.6.2 Technical Management . 59 2.6.3 Network Monitoring . 59 3 Channel Operation and Configuration . 61 3.1 Physical and Logical Channels. 61 3.1.1 Physical Radio Channel . 61 3.1.2 What happens if there are not enough channels?. 62 3.1.3 TDMA and Logical Channels . 63 3.1.4 Summary:. 63 3.2 P25 Channel Operation. 64 3.2.1 FM Operation. 64 3.2.2 P25 Phase 1 Operation. 66 3.2.3 Trunked System . 72 3.2.4 Traffic Channel Access Methods. 74 3.3 Channel Configuration . 78 3.3.1 Unit Numbering . 78 3.3.2 Group Addressing Scheme . 79 3.3.3 Trunked P25 System Numbering. 79 3.3.4 Network Access Code (NAC) . 80 3.3.5 Channel Addressing. ..
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