Arthropoda Selecta 21(1): 29–60 © ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2012

Description of some Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. Salticidae of Java and Sumatra, with comments on related species

Îïèñàíèå íåêîòîðûõ Salticidae (Aranei) èç Ìàëàéñêîãî Àðõèïåëàãà. II. Salticidae îñòðîâîâ ßâà è Ñóìàòðà ñ êîììåíòàðèÿì î áëèçêèõ âèäàõ

Jerzy Prószyñski*, Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold** É. Ïðóøèíüñêèé*, Ê.Ë. Äeeëåìàí-Ðåéíõîëüä**

* Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Wilcza 64, 00-679 Warszawa, Poland. E-mail: [email protected] ** 4619GA Ossendrecht, the Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected]

KEY WORDS: Salticidae, new species, diagnostic characters, geographical distribution, Indonesia, Java, Sumatra. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: íîâûé âèä, äèàãíîñòè÷åñêèå ïðèçíàêè, ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèå, Èíäîíåçèÿ, ßâà, Ñó- ìàòðà.

ABSTRACT. This paper describes two new genera íîâûõ âèäîâ: Bathippus petrae sp.n., Donoessus (Junxattus gen.n. and Leuserattus gen.n.) and 12 new kerinci sp.n., Emathis sumatranus sp.n., Heratemita species from Sumatra and Java: Bathippus petrae sp.n., tenenbaumi sp.n., Junxattus daiqini sp.n., Leuserattus Donoessus kerinci sp.n., Emathis sumatranus sp.n., gunung sp.n., Nannenus maughami sp.n., N. siedleckii Heratemita tenenbaumi sp.n., Junxattus daiqini sp.n., sp.n., Orcevia kuloni sp.n., Orsima thaleri sp.n., Leuserattus gunung sp.n., Nannenus maughami sp.n., Phintella conradi sp.n. è Pseudicius javanicus sp.n.. N. siedleckii sp.n., Orcevia kuloni sp.n., Orsima tha- Âïåðâûå îïèñàíà ñàìêà Thianitara spectrum Simon, leri sp.n., Phintella conradi sp.n., Pseudicius javani- 1903 è îäíîâðåìåííî îïèñàí áëèçêèé âèä èç Òàè- cus sp.n., as well as first description of unknown fe- ëàíäà Th. thailandica sp.n. Ðîä Orcevia Thorell, 1890 male of Thianitara spectrum Simon, 1903. A related âûâåäåí èç ñèíîíèìèè ñ Laufeia Simon, 1889 ñîîò- species Th. thailandica sp.n. is described from Thai- âåòñòâåííî âîññòàíîâëåíû èëè óñòàíîâëåíû ñëåäó- land. Genus Orcevia Thorell, 1890 is removed from þùèå êîìáèíàöèè: Laufeia eucola (Thorell, 1890) = synonymy with Laufeia Simon, 1889, and following O. eucola Thorell, 1890, L. keyserlingi (Thorell, 1890) new combinations of SE Asian species created: Laufe- = O. keyserlingi Thorell, 1890, L. perakensis (Simon, ia eucola (Thorell, 1890) = O. eucola Thorell, 1890, L. 1901) = O. perakensis Simon, 1901, L. proszynskii keyserlingi (Thorell, 1890) = O. keyserlingi Thorell, Song et al., 1988 = O. proszynskii (Song et al., 1988). 1890, L. perakensis (Simon, 1901) = O. perakensis comb.n. Îáñóæäàåòñÿ òàêñîíîìè÷åñêèé ñòàòóñ è Simon, 1901, L. proszynskii Song et al., 1988 = O. ïðèâåäåíû ðèñóíêè äëÿ Epeus flavobilineatus proszynskii (Song et al., 1988). comb.n. Taxonomic (Doleschall, 1859), Leikung porosa (Wanless, 1978), problems are discussed and new drawings added to the Mintonia tauricornis Wanless, 1984, Phaeacius fim- species Epeus flavobilineatus (Doleschall, 1859), Lei- briatus Simon, 1900 è Taraxella sumatrana Wanless, kung porosa (Wanless, 1978), Mintonia tauricornis 1987. Ïåðåñìîòðåíû ãðàíèöû ðîäà Emathis Simon, Wanless, 1984, Phaeacius fimbriatus Simon, 1900, 1899. Óñòàíîâëåíî, ÷òî îí âêëþ÷àåò âèäû òîëüêî and Taraxella sumatrana Wanless, 1987. The genus èç Þãî-Âîñòî÷íîé Àçèè. Ïÿòü âèäîâ èç Êàðèáñêî- Emathis Simon, 1899 is redefined and its name re- ãî áàññåéíà, ðàíåå îòíîñèìûõ ê Emathis, ïåðåâåäå- stricted to the Southeastern Asian species only. Five íû â íîâûé ðîä Petemathis gen.n.: P. luteopunctata Caribbean species earlier considered in Emathis are (Petrunkevitch, 1930) comb.n., P. minuta (Petrun- transferred into a new genus Petemathis gen.n.: P. kevitch, 1930) comb.n., P. tetuani (Petrunkevitch, 1930) luteopunctata (Petrunkevitch, 1930) comb.n, P. minu- comb.n. è P. unispina (Franganillo, 1930) comb.n. ta (Petrunkevitch, 1930) comb.n., P. portoricensis (Petrunkevitch, 1930) comb.n (type species), P. tetu- ani (Petrunkevitch, 1930) comb.n. and P. unispina Introduction (Franganillo, 1930) comb.n. This is the second part in a series of papers dealing ÐÅÇÞÌÅ. Èç Ñóìàòðû è ßâû îïèñàíû äâà íî- with Salticidae of the Malay Archipelago. Java and âûõ ðîäà Junxattus gen.n., Leuserattus gen.n. è 12 Sumatra together have records of 190 species of Salti- 30 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold cidae, of which 55 have some sort of diagnostic draw- preliminary drawings made in 1994–1997 of sample ings for both sexes, 62 species have only a single sex specimens. They were made available in the internet illustrated, and 54 have not been illustrated, although database, with the intention of a more detailed study of specimens are preserved in some collections so they specimens and more species at a later date. could be redescribed in the future; 16 species are dubi- Unfortunately, the opportunity for such complementary ous. In addition to these rather poor statistics, the qual- studies never occurred, so we have decided to publish ity of the existing drawings is often insufficient for our drawings and notes of 1990s, as they are, in order identification, nor for the separation of related species, to serve as useful data for salticid taxonomists. while species without diagnostic drawings cannot be The main aim of this paper is to provide prelimi- identified. Identifications and definitions of species in nary reference diagnostic drawings to complement the Salticidae are based on comparison with existing diag- scanty literature data for certain South East Asian salti- nostic drawings of Salticidae in the literature, as sum- cid genera and species. The classification is provision- marized in the internet database “Monograph of Salti- al in some cases, pending revisions of related genera, cidae (Araneae) of the World” by Prószyñski [2011]. especially their insufficiently studied type specimens. By providing comparative drawings, basic for iden- An untapped source of taxonomic information are pho- tification, the present paper facilitates study of species tographs of Salticidae, available on the Internet, some not only from Java and Sumatra, but also for some of which are used in this paper to draw attention to species from a much broader area – particularly Borneo, particularly interesting species. The authors realize the the Malay Peninsula and even Thailand. A broad com- limited sample sizes of the described material, but as- parison of species also permits the rearrangement of sume that they will promote future taxonomic research. several genera, especially Pseudicius Simon, 1885. The best method of describing species is compar- The methodology of taxonomic analysis in this pa- ing them directly, usually by placing them together per deserves some consideration. It is a long taxonomic under a stereomicroscope, and comparing simultaneous- tradition to describe characters of animals in words, ly particular characters, whilst at the same time docu- resulting in the tedious preparation of long texts, de- menting them by drawings or photographs. However, scribing morphology of a species, in a number of lan- some characters of the studied specimens had deterio- guages, and boring study of such descriptions for the rated so much during years of storage that old and fresh recognition of species. A refinement of that approach specimens were difficult to compare. This is well illus- is summarizing the data of numerous morphological trated by sets of photographs of both living and long characters in cladograms, usually arranged with the preserved specimens of the same species, made by help of specialized computer software. That results in Koomen [Prószyñski, 2011]. In addition, while females descriptions devoid of drawings, or with diagrammatic cannot be identified in many species without prepara- illustrations only, which do not permit recognition of tion of the epigyne, the preparation itself puts the or- the species. The other method, suitable for the majority gans in jeopardy: epigynes (and also palpus) stored in of Salticidae, is through the comparison of pictures of a microvials are getting lost during subsequent examina- species — with other pictures, or with actual speci- tions, while those mounted in Canada Balsam on mi- mens. This method requires some artistic skills for the croscope slides become so transparent that they cannot preparation of drawings, or photographs, and the expe- be seen without restoration (dissolving the Canada Bal- rienced eye of a taxonomist. Hence, it is rather difficult sam, staining the preparation and mounting them again for beginners and people with poor picture perception. as a permanent or temporary slide). The safest and best Recently, Benjamin [2004] characterized the usage of documentation of internal structures of the epigyne is genitalic characters as “single character systems be- perhaps the publication of good quality drawings, dia- lieved a priori to have greater importance than other grammatic illustrations are useless. characters” — in difference to the supposedly multi- There is no satisfactory standard terminology for character approach of cladistic analysis, which is ap- the description of the internal structures of Salticidae parently more scientific. Palpus, epigyne and internal epigynes, so the terminology I have used during the structures of the epigyne are “single characters”, in the last 50 years was rather intuitive. However, there is an same way as photographs of a human face are single excellent publication on these structures in Lycosidae, characters, although we recognize people by them. Pho- published recently by Useta et al. [2007], which we try tographs of faces cannot be easily translated into a to follow in this paper. Some Salticidae (for instance written description, they are identified by comparison Pseudicius spp., Thyene spp.) have such complicated with the faces of other people, a natural way of recog- epigynal internal structures that a Useta-style study of nition. In the same way drawings and/or photographs them would be highly beneficial. of palpi and epigynes should be used. There is no point With modern techniques available, the postulated in arguing which methodology is better, we are satis- methods of description should include: photographs of fied that “pictorial” methods define poorly known gen- living (or freshly preserved) specimens and their genital era, species, and relationships. organs, these photographs being published or made This paper presents partial data on Salticidae kept available in the internet. With photographs or drawings in the C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold collection. These were available, we can resign from the schematic descrip- Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 31

Map. Greater Sunda Islands: Collect- ing localities. Sumatra: 1 — Padang: Fort de Kock, Singalang, Kerinci; 2 — Bo- horok, Gunung Leuser; 3 — Lake Toba; 4 — Palembang. 5 — Krakatau Is. Java: 6 — Udjung Kulon, 7 — Jakarta, 8 — Bogor, Tjibulan, 9 — Kagok, 10 — Pale- mbang; 11 — Wonosobo, 12 — Tenger, 13 — Baluran. Êàðòà. Áîëüøèå Çîíäñêèå îñòðîâà: Ìåñòà ñáîðîâ: Ñóìàòðà: 1 — Ïàäàíã: Fort de Kock, Singalang, Kerinci; 2 — Áîãîðîê, Gunung Leuser; 3 — îç. Òîáà; 4 — Ïàëåìáàíã. 5 — î-â Êðàêàòàó. ßâà: 6 Óäæóíã Êóëîí, 7 — Äæàêàðòà, 8 — Áîãîð, Tjibulan, 9 — Êàãîê, 10 — Ïà- ëåìáàíã; 11 — Âîíîñîáî, 12 — Òàí- æåð, 13 — Áàëóðàí.

tion of body characters, reducing them to shorter de- incomplete. In addition, we add relevant drawings of scriptions which differentiate species based on real and related species and commentaries on literature pub- observable differences. lished since our studies. The collection has been donat- ed to the National Natuurhistorische Museum (“Natu- Materials and methods ralis”) (formerly Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Histo- rie) in Leiden, the Netherlands, but is physically still stored at the home of C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold in Os- Specimens were studied under a stereomicroscope, sendrecht. The holotypes are marked in the collection with magnification up to 100x (with an additional 2x by red chips, paratypes by blue chips. objective lens giving 200x). Palpi were detached from AMNH — American Museum of Natural History, the body and fixed for examination in sand on the New York, USA. bottom of a Petri dish filled with 75% ethanol. After examination the palpi were placed in micro vials and CAS — California Academy of Sciences, San Fran- stored with specimen in the same collection vials. The cisco. epigyne was drawn from the intact specimen, and then CDML — Collection of C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold, cut off for examination of the internal structure. The tip donated to Rijksmuseum Leiden, but physically still of a small scalpel was slid under the epigyne, then the stored in her home in Ossendrecht (2011). integument around it was cut. The epigynal plate was IRRI — International Rice Institute, Los Banos, the placed in 10–20% aqueous KOH solution and cleared Philippines. for 24–72 hours (at room temperature), later stained in MiIZ — Museum and Institute of Zoology PAN, Chlorazol Black E alcohol solution, mounted on a tem- Warsaw, Poland. porary slide in clove oil, and examined under a com- MCSN — Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genoa, pound microscope (objectives 20x and for details 40x). Italy. After examination, the epigyne was deposited in a mi- MCZ — Museum of Comparative Zoology, Har- crovial and stored together with the specimen. All draw- vard University, USA. ings were made with a square net micrometer (ocular MNHN — Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, graticule with squares) on paper with a temporary faint Laboratoire de Zoologie (Arthropodes), Paris. grid (with dimension selected to fit the requested draw- NHMW — Naturhistoriches Museum, Wien ing size). All measurements are in mm. NHRS — Natural History Museum, Stockholm. The research was done during the years 1994–1997 PMYU — Peabody Museum, Yale University, New on specimens singled out from the collection of C.L. Haven, USA. Deeleman-Reinhold as particularly interesting, with the As comparative material, we included unpublished intention of conducting additional research later on. diagnostic photo-documentation by Koomen (displayed Unfortunately, the opportunity for such complementa- in Prószyñski [2011]). Such images have huge poten- ry studies never occurred, so here we present only these drawings and other data preserved in our files. tial value, and we highly recommended taxonomists to That makes the present text somewhat laconic and utilize these in their future research. 32 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold

Taxonomic survey Genus Donoessus Simon, 1902

Genus Bathippus Thorell, 1892 Type species Hasarius nigriceps Simon, 1899 from Sumatra. REMARKS. The genus Bathippus contains 41 nom- REMARK. The existing data on the genus Donoes- inal species, of which only 21 have some kind of pub- sus Simon, 1902 are uncertain, so the genus deserves lished diagnostic drawings and/or photographs taxonomic revision. There are only two species listed [Prószyñski, 2011]. It is characterized by an elongate in Catalog by Platnick [2011]. The type species — D. body with a high carapace, males have enormously nigriceps is known to us only from the specimen from elongated chelicerae and a Euophryinae type of palpus. Mentawai: Sipora (an Archipelago off West Sumatra), There is an unresolved problem regarding the relation- in the collection of Reimoser (Figs 20–22), but its ship with the similar looking genus Canama Simon, conspecificity with Simon’s original specimen was not 1903, which differs by a minute fork on one of cheli- checked. Better known species D. striatus Simon, 1902 ceral teeth [Prószyñski, 1984b: 5–11; Davies & Ýabka, from Borneo serves us for comparison with the new 1989: 220, pl. 29]. species from Sumatra, described below. Tangible dif- ferences are light transverse bars on the abdomen (Figs Bathippus petrae sp.n. 10, 16), separated by darker ones, also light broad Figs 1–9. diamond spot behind eyes. They are particularly strik- ing on photograph by P. Koomen [Prószyñski, 2011] MATERIAL. Holotype #, allotype 1 $, Sumatra: Bohorok, 23 of a fresh specimen from Borneo. Palpi of males in this April, 1983 + riverside 17 November, 1983. Leg. S. Djojosudharmo. genus are rather similar, with small differences of un- CDML. [Specimens labeled Bathippus cf. shelfordi in the collection]. certain taxonomic value. Epigyne in this genus also ETYMOLOGY. Named after Dr. Petra Sierwald, looks similar, but internal structure of newly described who was the first to introduce me, in 1986, to the species looks promising for diagnostic purposes. beneficial use of computers, influencing the subsequent DISTRIBUTION. Indonesia: Mentawai Island, research on Salticidae by myself and my colleagues in Sumatra; Malayasia: Borneo: Sabah. Poland. DIAGNOSIS. Differs from the closely related B. Donoessus kerinci sp.n. rectus Zhang, Song, Li, 2003 [Zhang et al., 2003: f. 4a- Figs 10–14, 18–19. c] from Singapore, by a broader bulbus and coil of the embolus, inclined tibial apophysis (Fig. 6); also MATERIAL. $ holotype, # allotype, Sumatra: Kerinci Na- abdominal pattern (Fig. 1) is different. tional Park, near river, from leaves, 20–30 July, 1988. Leg. S. Djojosudharmo. CDML. DESCRIPTION. Male. Carapace high and broad, ETYMOLOGY. Named for Kerinci National Park slope of thorax begins immediately behind eyes III. in Sumatra, where it was collected. Abdomen low, narrow and twice as long as the carapace. DIAGNOSIS. Differs from D. striatus Simon, 1902 Abdominal pattern consists of three pairs of darker by the arrangement of white and dark spots on the marginal spots on lighter background, spinnerets dark carapace and abdomen (Figs 10 and 16). Female epigy- (Fig. 1). Chelicerae elongate and bent, dentition as in ne (Fig. 18) differs from D. nigriceps (Fig. 20) by more Fig. 3. Leg I with mane of short, dark setae on femur I dorsally and ventrally on patella I (Fig. 4). Spines of anterior position of epigynal “windows”. Male differs tibia and metatarsus I are shown in Fig. 5. by details of the palpal organ (Figs 13–14 cf. 21–22). Palpus typical for Euophryinae, with meandering DESCRIPTION. Male. Dorsal aspect shown in Fig. spermophor duct and coiled embolus (forming one and 10; remnants of abdominal dark bars are directed pos- half coils) (Figs 7–8). teriorly. Cheliceral dentition bifid (Fig. 12), resembles Female. Somatic characters are not documented. In drawing by Simon [1903a: 772, f. 928–929] but its the epigyne a pair of elongate oval grooves is separated diagnostic value is uncertain. Palpal organ with broad, by a narrow septum, copulatory openings posterior meandering spermophor duct, typical for Euophryinae. (Fig. 8). Spermathecae large, oval, narrowing anterior- There is a large, half disc-shaped basal structure to the ly. The copulatory ducts in front of spermathecae scle- embolus (Fig. 13), with diameter equal to one third the rotized with broad walls and minute scent opening at length of the bulbus. The embolus appears as a free the characteristic bend, they change into a membra- extension of the disc and extends over one half of the nous structure encircling the spermathecae externally cymbium tip, anteriorly to the bulbus. There is a black (Fig. 9). Pores of the nutritive opening indistinct, in the process of unknown function, anteriorly to the disc. anterior part of the spermatheca. According to one interpretation it could be the ascend- REMARK. Related also to B. shelfordi Peckham & ing part of the embolus coil, and it was interpreted as Peckham, 1907 from Borneo and B. palabuanensis such for D. striatus, as shown in Fig. 15. Lateral view Simon, 1902 from Java. of palpal organ (Fig. 14) does not clarify the issue DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: because it shows two thin anterior processes and it is Sumatra. uncertain which of them is actually the embolus. Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 33

Figs 1–9. General appearance and copulatory organs of Bathippus petrae sp.n. from Sumatra, Bohorok: 1–2 — general appearance of male, dorsal and lateral views; 3 — chelicera; 4 — leg I: femur and patella 5 — leg I: tibia and metatarsus; 6–7 — palpus ventrally and laterally; 8–9 — epigyne and its internal structure. Ðèñ. 1–9. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Bathippus petrae sp.n. èç Ñóìàòðû, Áîãîðîê: 1–2 — Âíåøíèé âèä ñàìöà, äîðçàëüíî è ñáîêó; 3 — õåëèöåðà; 4 — íîãà I: áåäðî è êîëåíî; 5 — íîãà I: ãîëåíü è ïðåäëàïêà; 6–7 –ïàëüïà ñíèçó è ñáîêó; 8–9 — ýïèãèíà è å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå.

Female. Somatic characters are not documented. tion is uncertain, because not enough attention was Epigyne (Fig. 18) with a pair of large oval, membra- paid to these structures previously. As there are no nous windows with sclerotized rims. Spermatheca (Fig. more drawings of these details in the literature, the 19) specific, two chambered, with small scent opening clarification of this issue must await further research. A armature atop the first chamber, and large depression female is designated as the holotype because the epigy- with nutritive pores in the second one. Copulatory open- ne and its internal structures are more distinctive than ing sclerotized, opens directly to first chamber of sper- those of the male palp. matheca, so that structure may also be interpreted as a large, swollen copulatory duct. Lack of comparative Donoessus striatus Simon, 1902 drawings for other related species makes a clear inter- Figs 15–17. pretation impossible. REMARKS. Embolar basal disc is characteristic D. s. Simon, 1902: 376 (#). for males in all species of Donoessus but its interpreta- D. s.: Simon, 1903a: 772, f. 928–929 (#). 34 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold

Figs 10–22. General appearance and copulatory organs of Donoessus kerinci sp.n. (10–14, 18–19), D. striatus from Borneo: Sabah (15–17) and D. nigriceps from Mentavei Is. (20–22): 10, 16 — general appearance, dorsal view; 11, 17 — general appearance, lateral view; 12 — cheliceral tooth; 13–14, 21–22 — palpus, ventral and lateral view; 18–20 — epigyne: ventral view and internal structures. 10– 14, 18–19 — from Sumatra: Kerinci; 15–17 — from Borneo: Sabah; 20–22 — from Mentavei. 20–22 — after Prószyñski [1984b]. Ðèñ. 10–22. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Donoessus kerinci sp.n. (10–14, 18–19), D. striatus (15–17) è D. nigriceps èç î- âà Ìåíòàâåè (20–22): 10, 16 — âíåøíèé âèä, äîðçàëüíî; 11, 17 — âíåøíèé âèä, ñáîêó; 12 — çóáåö õåëèöåðû; 13–14, 21–22 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó; 18–20 — ýïèãèíà: ñíèçó è âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå. 10–14, 18–19 — èç Ñóìàòðû: Êåðèí÷è; 15–17 — èç Áîðíåî: Ñàáàõ. 20–22 — ïî Prószyñski [1984b]. Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 35

D. s.: Ýabka, 1988: 451, f. 84–86 (#). surface (Fig. 30), and prominent double spirals of the MATERIAL. 1 #, Borneo: E Sabah, Danum Valley Field copulatory ducts in females (Figs 32–33), analogous to Centre, lowland primary forest, 6–16 May, 1991. Leg. C.L. Deele- man. CDML. some species in the non-Euophryinae genera: Telamo- Photograph labelled as $ Donoessus nigriceps 1 Borneo: Sabah, nia Thorell, 1887, Marpissa C.L. Koch, 1846, or Ylle- Danum Valley (910) , primary lowland forest. 15 April, 2003. nus Simon, 1868. While interpretation of genus identi- ©Photo by P. Koomen [in Prószyñski, 2011]. fication is not contested, interpretation of the species DIAGNOSIS. Male differs from D. kerinci sp.n. E. coprea (Thorell, 1890) and E. weyersi is based on from Sumatra by having inclined white and black bars non-type specimens in the collection of Reimoser in on the abdomen (Fig. 16). Palpus resembles that of D. NHM-Vienna; their type specimens are kept in MNHN kerinci sp.n. but the bulbus is broader (Fig. 15). in Paris and MCSN-Genoa, but have no associated DESCRIPTION. Male. General appearance resem- figures. The structure of the epigyne of E. makilingen- bling female photographed by P. Koomen (reproduced sis Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 (Fig. 33) is typical for in Prószyñski [2011]). Carapace oval, broader than the genus, but the axis of the coils is rotated by 90° and abdomen. Measurements: length of carapace 3.0, width vertical. 2.64, height of carapace 2.0, length of eyefield 1.90, The list of Emathis species is as follows: length of abdomen 3.3, width of abdomen 1.98. E. coprea (Thorell, 1890) from Indonesia: Sumatra. Female (description made from two photographs of E. makilingensis Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 from a single specimen, photographed alive and then again Philippines: Luzon. after several years of preservation, identification and E. sobara (Thorell, 1890) from Indonesia: Sumatra. conspecificity uncertain). Preserved specimen somewhat E. weyersi Simon, 1899 from Sumatra, Borneo and discoloured, with black areas of body appearing brown. Philippines: Luzon. Carapace broad, medium high, eyefield rectangular, In addition, there are several undescribed species broader than long, with a pair of minute white spots at from Borneo, documented by photographs by P. eyes II. There is semilunar white bar just behind the Koomen [Prószyñski, 2011]. eyefield, expanded diamond-like in the foveal region. The Carribean species originally described in Sides brown. Eyes I median twice the size as I lateral, Emathis are transferred to the genus Petemathis gen.n., all aligned along their dorsal rims, surrounded by thin see below. line of short white setae, there is thin band of white setae above eyes medial. Clypeus dark brown with Emathis sumatranus sp.n. very thin line of short white setae along ventral edge. Figs 23–33. Chelicerae robust, brown, with bifid (fissidentate) tooth on inner edge. Pedipalpi light. Legs I the longest, MATERIAL. Holotype #, allotype 1 $, Sumatra: Mt. Singalang: discolored to yellow with brownish lateral surfaces, Anai, 460 m, secondary forest, from leaves, 10–22 June, 1994. with indistinct spots of white setae on tibia and femur. Leg. S. Djojosudharmo. CDML. Two pairs of ventral spines on metatarsi I–II, distinctly COMPARATIVE MATERIAL. E. makilingensis Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 1 $, holotype Philippines: Luzon Is.: Mt. Makiling, longer than spines on tibia. Legs III–IV lighter than I 13 April, 1977. De Castro Coll. Los Banos. IRRI. (Fig. 29). #, 1 $, and II. Abdomen indistinctly narrower than carapace, Luzon, Mt. Makiling, Leg. Baker. Coll. Reimoser. NHMW. oval. Dark brown with two light transversal bars on ETYMOLOGY. Named for Sumatra Island, in anterior edge and in the mid-length of abdomen. Indonesia. Posterior end of abdomen light, with dark, indistinct DIAGNOSIS. Male differs from E. weyersi (Fig. small spots. Fresh specimen differs from the preserved 30) by larger coil of embolus, much broader bulbus, one by contrasting pattern of almost black body, with broader and less bent tibial apophysis (Figs 27–29). striking white spots on carapace and abdomen, legs Female’s double spiral of copulatory ducts (Fig. 32), light brown with indistinct white spots basally on tibiae roughly perpendicular to the body axis, is similar to I–IV and apically on femora I–IV. female of E. weyersi [Prószyñski, 1984: 37] but has Epigyne oval, divided incompletely into two mem- more coils, it differs from double spiral in E. branous “windows”, with sclerotized edge, copulatory makilingensis (Fig. 33) which is parallel to body axis opening at the medial part of edge, in about 1/3rd length and the first part of the duct is half shorter. of epigyne. DESCRIPTION. Male. Body shape and proportions DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Borneo Island. shown in Figs 23–24. Chelicerae with enormous tooth, very close to fang (Fig. 25). Palpus with cymbium Genus Emathis Simon, 1899 twice as long as the tibia. Loop of embolus enormous, occupying 2/3 the length of the bulbus and almost the Type species Emathis weyersi Simon, 1899, from whole width, arranged parallel to the bulbus and lying Sumatra and Borneo. on its ventral surface (Figs 27–29). REMARKS. The generic name Emathis should be Female. Somatic characters are not documented. restricted to the four South East Asian species, and to Epigyne with semicircular depression and copulatory their unnamed relatives. They resemble the type spe- openings located in its mid-length (Fig. 31). Copulato- cies E. weyersi by having a large coil of the embolus in ry duct begins with a semi-arch and is continued by the anterior half of the bulbus in males, parallel to its coils twisted into a tight double spiral, forming a com- 36 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold

Figs 23–33. General appearance and copulatory organs of Emathis sumatranus sp.n. (23–29), E. makilingensis (33) and E. weyersi (30): 23–24 — general appearance, dorsal and lateral views; 25 — cheliceral dentition, male; 26 — cheliceral dentition. female; 27–30 — palpus, ventral, prolatero-ventral and lateral views; 31 — epigyne; 32–33 — internal structures of epigyne. 23–29 — from Sumatra: Singalang; 30, 33 — from Philippines: Luzon Is. 30 — after Prószyñski [1984b]. Ðèñ. 23–33. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Emathis sumatranus sp.n. (23–29), E. makilingensis (33) è E. weyersi (30): 23– 24 — âíåøíèé âèä, äîðçàëüíî è ñáîêó; 25 — âîîðóæåíèå õåëèöåð, ñàìåö; 26 — âîîðóæåíèå õåëèöåð, ñàìêà; 27–30 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó, ïðîëàòåðàëüíî-ñíèçó è ñáîêó; 31 — ýïèãèíà; 32–33 — âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå ýïèãèíû. 23–29 — èç Ñóìàòðû: Singalang; 30, 33 — èç Ôèëèïïèí: Luzon Is. 30 — ïî Prószyñski [1984b]. pact structure arranged transversally, slightly oblique- main body axis (Fig. 33). There are not enough data on ly, across the epigyne. Spermatheca located at the me- E. coprea from Sumatra for comparison. dian end of that spiral, is small and arranged parallel to DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: the main axis of the body (Fig. 32). Sumatra. REMARKS. Photographs of uncleared epigynes of 5 specimens of Emathis sp. from Borneo: Sabah: Sukau Genus Epeus Peckham & Peckham, 1885 by P. Koomen (in Prószyñski [2011]) illustrate the diversity of internal structures: positions of the double Type species Evenus tener Simon, 1877 from Java. spiral of the copulatory ducts vary from longitudinal to REMARKS. This Oriental genus belonging to the transverse. It is not clear whether these belong to dif- subfamily Plexippinae, includes 14 species, with sev- ferent species or whether the character is variable. E. eral undescribed species from Java, Borneo, Bali, and makilingensis has spiral ducts arranged parallel to the apparently on other islands. The external appearance Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 37

Figs 34–46. General appearance and copulatory organs of Epeus sumatranus sp.n. (34–37, 41–42), E. flavobilineatus (43), E. mirus (44), E. tener (38–40, 45–46): 34–35 — general appearance, lateral and dorsal views; 36–37 — palpus, ventral, dorsal and lateral views; 41–46 — epigyne and its internal structure. 34–37, 41–42 — Sumatra: Mt. Singalang; 38–40 — Philippines: Mindanao Is.; 43, 45–46 — Java; 44 — Borneo; 39–40 — after Prószyñski [1984b, 1984a]; 38–40 — after Prószyñski [2011, online]. Ðèñ. 34–46. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Epeus sumatranus sp.n. (34–37, 41–42), E. flavobilineatus (43), E. mirus (44) è E. tener (38–40, 45–46): 34–35 — âíåøíèé âèä, ñáîêó è äîðçàëüíî; 36–37 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó, äîðçàëüíî è ñáîêó; 41–46 — ýïèãèíà è å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå. 34–37, 41–42 — Ñóìàòðà: Mt. Singalang; 38–40 — Ôèëèïïèíû: Mindanao Is.; 43, 45–46 — ßâà; 44 — Áîðíåî; 39–40 — ïî Prószyñski [1984a, b]; 38–40 — ïî Prószyñski [2011]. of males is remarkable, resulting from a prominent has a comparable sharp cymbial process, the cymbium conical comb of upright setae on the posterior half of itself being broader and shorter. The structure of the the eyefield (Figs 34–35), arising from a semicircular epigyne in Plexippoides is different, but a species from base (absent in females!). Cymbium broadened poste- Nepal (P. tristis Próchniewicz, 1990) has an epigyne riorly, with the posterior retrolateral tip drawn out into intermediate between the two genera as currently de- a pointed process, narrow and long, articulating with fined. Thus, the relationships between these genera the tibial apophysis. Coloration of several females from deserve some attention. various localities is rather similar, with two yellow According to a photograph by Knowles (in Prószyñs- abdominal streaks on a green background. Living spec- ki [2011]), females of Epeus sp. in Bali (E. flavobilin- imens of Epeus tend to be light green, with variously eatus?) guard a brood of 40 light green eggs deposited coloured palpi and legs. There are problems with spe- on a leaf, additionally protected from above by several cies interpretation of E. flavobilineatus (Doleschall, stretched silk threads. 1859), due to the absence of the type specimen (see Prószyñski & Deeleman-Reinhold [2010: 165]). The Epeus sumatranus sp.n. epigyne of Epeus has an anterior oval depression and Figs 34–46. copulatory ducts with numerous coils, translucent through the tegument. MATERIAL. Holotype $, allotype #, paratypes 4 ##, 8 $$, There is some similarity between Epeus and Plex- Epeus sp 1. Sumatra: Mt. Singalang, 440–460 m, secondary forest, ippoides Prószyñski, 1976 (containing 22 species) which from leaves, 10–22 June, 1994. Leg. S. Djojosudharmo. CDML. 38 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold

COMPARATIVE MATERIAL of Epeus (labels quoted with Gelotia bouchardi (Simon, 1903) original name combinations). 1 $ Viciria flavobilineata . Java: Figs 47–58. Kagok. Coll. W. Kulczyñski. MiIZ. #$ “20345 Vic. tenera ES. Java: Palab. Tenger/Tr.” Coll Simon. MNHN. “Taupoa mira Peckh. Borneo, 3214, Shelford C.W. and E.G. Peckham”. MCZ. Codeta b. Simon, 1903b: 305 (#). ETYMOLOGY. Named for Sumatra Island, in In- G. bimaculata: Wanless, 1984: 172 (# only, assumed synony- my) donesia. MATERIAL. 1 #, 1 $, Sumatra: Gunung Leuser National Park DIAGNOSIS. Tip of cymbium narrower than in E. at Bohorok A, riverside, 28 September, 1983. Leg. S. Djojosudhar- tener (Figs 38–40) and distinctly inclined (Figs 36– mo. CDML. 37). Female differs from E. flavobilineatus and E. mirus COMPARATIVE MATERIAL. Gelotia bimaculata: Sabah: Trus Madi, 824. Photo © P. Koomen [Prószyñski, 2011]. (Peckham et Peckham, 1907) (Figs 43–44) by their DIAGNOSIS. Female differs from G. bimaculata narrower anterior depression of the epigyne (Figs 41), (Figs 53–54), by the epigyne narrowing posteriorly, from E. tener (Figs 45–46) by the loops of the and in its internal structures, see also G. frenata Thorell, copulatory ducts being distinctly shorter than the 1890 (Fig. 55). Male differs from G. argenteolimbata copulatory ducts (Fig. 42). (Simon, 1900) from Singapore by the length and shape DESCRIPTION. Male. Carapace broad, posterior- of the embolus and the tibial apophysis (Figs 56–58), ly semicircular, moderately high, eyefield extends over see also Wanless [1984: f. 17D]. half of carapace, thoracic region gently sloping, with- DESCRIPTION. Male. Somatic characters are not out a horizontal region (Figs 34–35). Characteristic documented. Palpus with distinct semilunar flattening comb of setae arising semicircularly on eyefield well of the retrolateral surface of the cymbium. Retrolateral developed. Coloration of body not preserved, Abdo- tibial apophysis viewed laterally is thin and bent, in men oval, longer by 1/5 than carapace, narrower than ventral view is basally expanded into a small plate. carapace and narrowing posteriorly. Palpus character- Dorsally, palpal tibia is covered by dense white setae istic by having retrolateral angle of cymbium long and (Figs 49–50), prominently visible also on photographs pointed, touching tip of tibial apophysis. Anterior tip of related species from Borneo [Prószyñski, 2011]. of cymbium elongated and narrow, inclined laterally at Female. Measurements (in mm, approximate): length an angle of about 45° (Fig. 36). Bulbus broad, half of carapace 3.7, length of abdomen 3.8, length of eye- encircled by a long, hair-like embolus. field 1.6, width of eyefield I 2.20, width of eyefield III Female. Abdomen elongated oval, green with two 2.0, height of eyefield 1.8. Body shape and proportions broad yellow marginal streaks, merged posteriorly. Cop- are shown in Figs 47–48. Posterior half of epigyne ulatory openings located at the sides of a narrow, trans- narrowing (Fig. 51), with posterior sclerotized fold and verse depression (Fig. 41), located level with the top of raised median septum. Copulatory openings anterior the coils of the translucent copulatory ducts. These coils median, located on small sclerotized protuberance. Su- form a short double spiral, with a transversally oriented perficial narrowing of epigyne does not influence shape axis, consisting of 4 loops (Fig. 42). of spermathecae, which are broad oval and long, their REMARK. The female is designated as the holo- internal surface covered with minute teeth (Fig. 52). type because in this genus specific differences in the DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: epigyne are more noticeable (Figs 41–46) than those in Sumatra. the palpi of males. DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: Genus Heratemita Strand, 1932 Sumatra.

Genus Gelotia Thorell, 1890 Type species Heratemita chrysozona (Simon, 1899). REMARKS. This genus was described by Simon Type species Gelotia frenata Thorell, 1890 from 1899 as Heratemis Simon, 1899 (name preoccupied, Sumatra. renamed by Strand [1932]). The genus belongs to the REMARKS. A genus of the subfamily Spartaeinae subfamily Simaethinae and contains, apart from the consisting of 8 nominal species, occurring mainly in type species, only one other species — H. alboplagiata countries of the Malay Archipelago. They are relative- (Simon, 1989) from the Philippines. It is recognizable ly well known owing to the studies by Wanless [1984]. by the particularly large white scales, dorsally on the Comparison of the Malay Archipelago species is ham- tibia and cymbium of the palpus in males (Fig. 61). The pered by knowledge of only one sex in particular spe- body shape and genital organs bear some resemblance cies. There is confusion resulting from Wanless [1984: to Flacillula minuta (Berland, 1929) from the Pacific 172–174, f. 17A–J] matching a male of G. bouchardi Islands [Berry et al., 1997: 125–126, f. 66–68, 71–74]. (Simon, 1903) from Sumatra with a female of G. The taxonomic documentation of this genus is insuffi- bimaculata Thorell, 1890 from Borneo, especially as it cient, Simon [1903] provided a drawing of only the is unclear whether his drawing of the male depicts a cheliceral dentition, showing a peculiar inner posterior Sumatran or Bornean specimen. Pending revision of tooth: pillar-like, with a forked tip. Drawings of the fresh specimens from both islands, we assume that genital organs of both species were published by these species are separate and hypothesize that the Prószyñski [1987: 41–42, 47]. However, in Simaethi- specimens described below represent G. bouchardi. nae, the genital organs provide characters of limited Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 39

Figs 47–58. General appearance and copulatory organs of Gelotia argenteolimbata (56–58), G. bimaculata (53–54), G. bouchardi (47–52), and G. frenata (55): 47–48 — general appearance, dorsal and lateral views; 49–50, 56–57 — palpus, ventral and lateral views; 51–55 — epigyne and its internal structures. 47–52, 55 — from Sumatra; 56–58 — from Singapore, 53–54 — from Borneo. 53–55 — after Prószyñski [1968a]; 56–57 — after Prószyñski [1987]. Ðèñ. 47–58. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Gelotia argenteolimbata (56-58), G. bimaculata (53–54), G. bouchardi (47–52) è G. frenata (55): 47–48 — âíåøíèé âèä, äîðçàëüíî è ñáîêó; 49–50, 56–57 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó; 51–55 — ýïèãèíà è å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå. 47–52, 55 — èç Ñóìàòðû; 56–58 — èç Ñèíãàïóðà, 53–54 — èç Áîðíåî. 53–55 — ïî Prószyñski [1968a]; 56– 57 — ïî Prószyñski [1987]. 40 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold value, and iridescent scales occur among many species It differs from Orcevia Thorell, 1890 (Figs 108–109) in this subfamily. by the narrowness of the bulbus and the short, slender tibial apophysis. Epigyne (Fig. 69) differs from Orcevia Heratemita tenenbaumi sp.n. (Fig 113) by its simple, globular spermatheca. Figs 59–65. DESCRIPTION. A monotypic genus of Euophryinae. Body of male is shown in Fig. 66, Carapace high, with MATERIAL. # holotype, $ allotype, East Sumatra, Bohorok, posterior wall of thorax abrupt, almost vertical. Abdomen the sink, under leaves, 30.V.1983. Leg. S. Djojosudharmo. CDML. narrower than carapace, oval, flattened, covered by ETYMOLOGY. Named after Szymon Tenenbaum scutum. Legs relatively short, moderately robust. Palpus (1892–1941), a prominent Polish-Jewish entomologist with narrow cymbium, not broader than tibia. Bulbus and teacher, who died of exhaustion in Warsaw Ghetto with prominent meanderig spermophor as broad as tibia, after refusing the chance to escape. His huge collection tibial apophysis short (Figs 67-68). of beetles survived and was later deposited in the Somatic characters of female are not documented. Museum of Zoology in Warsaw. Epigyne is relatively simple: triangular depression with DIAGNOSIS. Differs from H. chrysozona by a a pair of small, oval copulatory openings located shorter abdomen, flattened and covered with a scutum, anteriorly (Fig. 70). Copulatory ducts thick-walled and and a thinner embolus and broader tibial apophysis in short, spermatheca globular (Fig. 69). the palpus of males. See also description of the type species below. DESCRIPTION. Male. Carapace short, broad and REMARKS. Relationships with other genera are relatively high, with eyefield extending over the majority unclear, owing to insufficient data. In the comparable of dorsal surface, posterior thoracic slope is steep and genus Laufeia the internal structures of the epigyne are begins just behind eyes III (Fig. 59). Abdomen dorsally unknown and the body of the male has not been covered by dark scutum. Legs I dark, with spot of white illustrated. setae on patella. Chelicera apically broad, with long pillar-shaped tooth, apically forked (Fig. 63). Cymbium Junxattus daiqini sp.n. covered dorsally with large white scales, covering also Figs 66–70. apical half of tibia (Fig. 61). Tibial apophysis as long as half of tibia, basally broad and gradually narrowing, MATERIAL. Holotype #, allotype $, Sumatra: Bohorok, articulating with lateral surface of cymbium, the small sweeping and beating bushes, 16 June, 1983. Coll., Leg. Deeleman. protuberance on which presumably limits articulation CDML. (Fig. 62). Palpal organ: bulbus oval, with base of embolus ETYMOLOGY. Named for Daiqin Li — prominent extending diagonally over width of bulbus. Embolus arachnologist from Singapore, author and coauthor of short, needle-like, arising latero-apically and extending valuable papers on taxonomy and behavior of Salticidae. indistinctly in front of bulbus (Fig. 60). DIAGNOSIS. See diagnosis of the genus (above). Female. Somatic characters are not documented. DESCRIPTION. Male. Carapace 1.6 long, high, Epigyne broad and short (Fig. 64), with large median highest at eyes III, eye field narrowing posteriorly, pocket in the anterior region, atop of broad, apically slightly inclined anteriorly, with highest part at eyes rounded furrow depression. There is a pair of round III. Anterior part of the thoracic region about as long as grooves on sides of the depression, with darkened pos- eyefield, flat, dorsally lighter, its posterior part dark, teromedian edge of groove, corresponding with the sloping abruptly, almost vertical (Fig. 66). There is a internal, short and bent, narrow copulatory duct. Copu- lighter line below the lateral eyes. Abdomen near rect- latory duct is very small, located posteriorly, visible angular, with rounded corners and flattened, sclero- only on preparation (Fig. 65). Copulatory duct leads to tized surface, about 1.5 long and 1.0 wide. Present large spermathecal chamber, as high as epigyne, with a coloration light, with remnants of darker median streak, small puncture in the anterior wall, followed by minute posteriorly with two thin reverse chevron marks. Legs lighter area inside chamber. Second spermathecal cham- short and relatively robust, leg I indistinctly longer, ber is round, half the size of the first one, with an with darker femur and tibia, patella I with lighter medi- indistinct fertilization duct attached. an edge, metatarsus and tarsus light. DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: Palpal organ with narrow bulbus, tegulum split into Sumatra. two sclerotized plates, separated by a very narrow, slit- like space. Embolus short, forming half a loop, origi- Genus Junxattus gen.n. nating from short, triangular base atop tegulum. Poste- rior end of bulbus narrow and bent, sperm duct mean- ETYMOLOGY. An arbitrary combination of letters, dering, with posterior loop broader, passing into nar- connected with the traditional salticid name “attus”, row ejaculatory duct running to the base of the embo- grammatical gender — masculine. lus (Fig. 67). Tibial apophysis slightly inclined, termi- DIAGNOSIS. Palpus of males comparable with nated by small dilated plate (Fig. 68). Laufeia Simon, 1889 (Fig. 114), but differs by a very Female. Somatic characters not documented. Epig- narrow, unsclerotized slit on the tegulum (Fig. 67) and yne with a pair of oval grooves of copulatory openings, the absence of a robust triangular conductor (Fig 115). located in the triangular depressed area (Fig. 70). Cop- Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 41

Figs 59–65. General appearance and copulatory organs of Heratemita tenenbaumi sp.n.: 59 — general appearance, latero-dorsal view; 60–62 — palpus, ventral, dorsal and lateral views; 63 — cheliceral dentition and fang; 64–65 — epigyne and its internal structures. Ðèñ. 59–65. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Heratemita tenenbaumi sp.n.: 59 — âíåøíèé âèä, ñáîêó-ñâåðõó; 60–62 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó, äîðçàëüíî è ñáîêó; 63 — âîîðóæåíèå õåëèöåðû; 64–65 — ýïèãèíà è å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå. ulatory ducts thick-walled, running almost parallel from of the copulatory ducts (Fig. 77) [Benjamin, 2004: f. anterior, elliptical grooves, gradually diverging side- 49C–D, 54]. ways and joining globular, single spermathecae. Open- DESCRIPTION. Male. General appearance of the ing of scent gland piercing spermathecal wall near body is shown in Figs 71–72, palpus shown in Figs 74– junction with ducts, nutritive pores in a small depres- 75. sion of the wall, close to the origin of the fertilization Female. Leg I much smaller than that of male (Fig. duct (Fig. 69). 73). Appearance of epigyne is shown in Fig. 76 and DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: seems to differ from the Bohorok specimen [Benjamin, Sumatra: Bohorok. 2004: f. 50A–C] by being broader and shorter, the depression is less elongate, closer to a semicircle, pos- Leikung porosa (Wanless, 1978) terior sclerotized edge of depression (called by Ben- Figs 71–77. jamin [2004] “peb”) is shorter, anterior small sclero- tized structure (called “aeb” and “to”) is small and Marengo p. Wanless, 1978: 268, f. 7A–G; pl. 2e–f; 3a–f ($). linear, its taxonomic value is uncertain. Course of L. p.: Benjamin, 2004: 50, f. 4D, 48A–E, 49A–D, 50A–C, copulatory duct, and size of spermatheca is shown in 51A–F, 52A–I, 53A–F, 54A–D ($ #). Fig. 77. MATERIAL. 3 ##, 3 $$, Sumatra: Kerinci Seblat Nation. REMARKS. Benjamin [2004: 50–60, f. 48–54] was Park, 800 m, near river, from leaves, 21–30 July 1988. Leg. S. correct in calling attention to the variation in tibial Djojosudharmo. CDML. COMPARATIVE MATERIAL. Diagnostic photo-documenta- apophyses and in internal epigyne structures in L. porosa tion by P. Koomen displayed in Prószyñski [2011] of a presumably from Sumatra. The course of complicated loops (Fig. different species from Borneo. 77) looks different than in the Bohorok specimen DIAGNOSIS. Differs from L. kinabaluensis Ben- [Benjamin, 2004: f. 50B–C], in particular chambers of jamin, 2004 by shorter palpal tibia and apophysis in spermatheca are longer; these differences can be seen males. In females the epigyne has distinctly larger coils also on the photographs of preparations figured by 42 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold

Figs 66–70. General appearance and copulatory organs of Junxattus daiqini sp.n.: 66 — general appearance, latero-dorsal view; 67–68 — palpus, ventral and lateral views; 69–70 — epigyne and its internal structures. Ðèñ. 66–70. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Junxattus daiqini sp.n.: 66 — âíåøíèé âèä, ñáîêó-ñâåðõó; 67–68 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó; 69–70 — ýïèãèíà è å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå.

Benjamin [2004b: f. 51A–F]. We suspect that they spiral pattern of sclerotized ridges and translucent ducts amount to species-specific differences. (Figs 84–86). DISTRIBUTION. Documented by us from Indone- DESCRIPTION. See description of unique species sia: Sumatra. L. gunung sp.n. below. Male. Carapace broad, high, with slope of thoracic region beginning immediately Gen. Leuserattus gen.n. behind eyefield. Abdomen elongated oval, slightly longer than crapace and narrower. Cheliceral dentition Type species Leuserattus gunung sp.n. from consists of three irregular cusps. Palpus with bulbus Sumatra. heart-shaped, with spermophor duct running along REMARKS. Monotypic genus, possibly related to margin of bulbus (Fig. 81). Embolus forming a loose Euophryinae. Palpus shows some distant similarity to coil, tibial apohysis with short dorsal ramus. Phlegra gagnoa Logunov et Azarkina, 2006 from Ni- geria, as illustrated by Weso³owska & Russel-Smith Leuserattus gunung sp.n. [2011: f. 136–137], but the body shape and epigyne are Figs 78–82. quite different. ETYMOLOGY. Named after the collection locality, MATERIAL. Holotype # & allotype $, N Sumatra, Gunung Gunung [=mount] Leuser. Leuser, Bohorok, 11.VII.83. C.L. & P.R. Deeleman. CDML. DIAGNOSIS. Genera with comparable genital ETYMOLOGY. Specific name derived from Indo- structures are not known. Male recognizable by the nesian word gunung “mountain” — on which was col- shape of the palpus with embolus twisted into loose lected. spring, but spermophor running around the margin of DIAGNOSIS. Epigyne resembles Saaristattus tropi- embolus (Figs 81–82), female by the epigyne with a cus Logunov et Azarkina, 2008 by the circular pattern Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 43

Figs 71–77. General appearance and copulatory organs of Leikung porosa: 71–72 — general appearance of male, dorsal and lateral views, with details of carapace structure; 73 — female, leg I; 74–75 — male palpus, ventral and lateral views; 76–77 — epigyne and its internal structures (note differences with species illustrated by Benjamin, 2004). Ðèñ. 71–77. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Leikung porosa: 71–72 — âíåøíèé âèä ñàìöà, äîðçàëüíî è ñáîêó, ïîêàçàíû äåòàëè ñòðîåíèÿ êàðàïàêñà; 73 — ñàìêà, íîãà I; 74–75 — ïàëüïà ñàìöà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó; 76–77 — ýïèãèíà è å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå. of its translucent structures (Fig. 86). Male palp unique Female. Body shape similar to male, but abdomen by the combination of a coiled embolus and a non- as broad as carapace. Epigyne forms a light triangular meandering spermophor (Fig. 81). depression with dark pattern of two spiral ridges and DESCRIPTION. Male. Shape and proportions of translucent ducts (Fig. 84). Internal structures of epigy- the body characteristic, with carapace broad and high, ne have spiral ducts convoluted in a single plane, with abdomen oval, narrow, anteriorly higher and gradually prominent scent gland armature, pass into spermatheca getting lower posteriorly (Figs 78–79). Carapace 1.92 through bent, short duct, spermatheca bean-shaped, long, two times wider than abdomen, thoracic region thick-walled, with prominently longer internal spines sloping, without developed flat area (Figs 78–79). Eye- in the posterior part (Fig. 85). field 1.47 wide at eyes I, narrowing to 1.22 at eyes III. DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: Abdomen elongate, oval, 1.98 long, 0.60 wide, with Sumatra. lighter median streak. Leg I stout, dark, with tarsus light and narrow (Fig. 83). Chelicera with single broad Mintonia tauricornis Wanless, 1984 tooth with 3 cusps, one of which is low and indistinct Figs 87–95. (Fig. 80), there is a peculiar sclerotized, waving ridge on the posterior surface. Bulbus oval posteriorly, broad- MATERIAL. 2 ##, 1 $, Sumatra: Gunung Leuser National ly truncated in the form of two low lobes anteriorly, Park, Ketambe trail 12.4, buttresses, 20 February, 1985. Collector spermophore without any meandering loops and cours- unknown. CDML. es along edge of bulbus, embolus spring-like, hair-thin, DIAGNOSIS. Resembles M. ramipalpis (Thorell, forming two loose coils (Fig. 81). Tibial apophysis 1890), from which it differs by having an unbranched forked with dorsal lobe short, triangular, sharply point- tibial apophysis in the palpus of the male; the female ed; ventral lobe as long as tibia, slightly inclined, nar- has somewhat longer copulatory ducts and armature of rower in apical half (Fig. 82). the copulatory opening. 44 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold

Figs 78–86. General appearance and copulatory organs of Leuserattus gunung sp.n. (78–85) and Saaristattus tropicus (86): 78–79 — general appearance, dorsal and lateral views; 80 — cheliceral dentition; 81–82 — palpus, ventral and lateral views; 83 — leg I; 84–86 — epigyne and its internal structure. 86 — from Logunov et Azarkina, 2008. Ðèñ. 78–86. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Leuserattus gunung sp.n. (78–85) è Saaristattus tropicus (86): 78–79 — âíåøíèé âèä, äîðçàëüíî è ñáîêó; 80 –âîîðóæåíèå õåëèöåðû; 81–82 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó; 83 — íîãà I; 84–86 — ýïèãèíà è å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå. 86 — ïî Logunov & Azarkina [2008].

DESCRIPTION. Male. Carapace oval, 2.2 long, anteriorly, its width at eyes III 1.40. Abdomen elongate 1.32 high, flat area of thoracic region 0.66, posterior oval, 2.44 long, dark with broad light median spot, slope of thoracic region steep. Eyefield gently inclined consisting of two diamond-like expansions, not reach- anteriorly, its width at eyes III 1.40, indistinctly nar- ing posterior end. Legs light with darker rings. Epigyne rowing anteriorly. Abdomen elongate oval, 2.80 long, has an anterior round depression (about the size of dark with broad light median spot, consisting of two single spermatheca) in front of translucent spermathe- diamond-like expansions, not reaching posterior end cae, edge of depression sclerotized and bent (Fig. 93). (Fig. 87). Palpus with cymbium narrow, bulbus long Spermathecae globular (Figs 94–95), thick-walled, with and oval, narrowing anteriorly, embolus anterior, set setae-like projections on internal surface. Copulatory transversally, as long as cymbium width, waving and ducts very short, sclerotized, as thick as the rim of the bent terminally (Fig. 89–90). There is a delicate, white copulatory openings, scent opening armature promi- structure along the embolus (Figs 91–92). Palpal tibia nent, located in space between duct and spermatheca. short and broad, with ventral anterior edge concave REMARKS. Type species of the genus. In male between tibial apophysis and ventral sclerotized notch, specimens from Borneo: Sarawak [Wanless, 1984: 158] there is a group of white setae laterally (Fig. 89). Tibial there are minor differences in the tip of the retrolateral apophysis single, long, narrow and sharply pointed, tibial apophysis, which is straight, although inclined straight but inclined (Fig. 90). diagonally, and they have a shorter embolus. The draw- Female. External appearance shown in Fig. 87. Car- ing technique of Wanless [1984: figs 8A, D] makes apace oval, 2.0 long. Eyefield indistinctly narrowing interpretation of differences in the epigyne difficult. Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 45

Figs 87–95. General appearance and copulatory organs of Mintonia tauricornis: 87 — general appearance of female, dorsal view; 88 — general appearance of male, lateral view; 90–92 — palpus, ventral and lateral view, and two views on rmbolus; 93–95 — epigyne, ventral and posterior view, as well as its internal structures. Ðèñ. 87–95. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Mintonia tauricornis: 87 — Âíåøíèé âèä ñàìêè, äîðçàëüíî; 88 — âíåøíèé âèä ñàìöà, ñáîêó; 90–92 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó, è äâà àñïåêòà ýìáîëþñà; 93–95 — ýïèãèíà, ñíèçó è ñçàäè, è å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå.

DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: latter has a longer abdomen, this difference presum- Sumatra: Gunung Leuser National Park and from Ma- ably due to differences between the sexes. Palpus with laysia: Borneo I.: Sarawak. bulbus elongate oval, long, positioned slightly diago- nally in relation to main axis of the cymbium (Figs 98, Genus Nannenus Simon, 1902 100). Spermophor duct runs along margin of bulbus. Embolus arises from posterior part of bulbus and runs Type species Nanneus syrphus Simon, 1902 from laterally to it, extending further along tip of cymbium. Singapore. Tibial apophysis plate-like, apically bent. REMARK. Poorly known SE Asian genus of uncer- The cheliceral dentition developed differently in tain relationships [Maddison et al., 2008: 59], originally various species, there is a difference between left and placed by Simon [1903a: 770, 792] in the huge group of right chelicera in the male of N. lyriger Simon, 1902 in genera Hasarieae, which can no longer be sustained. Simon’s collection [Prószyñski, 1984b: 90–91]. DIAGNOSIS. Genus recognizable by shape and Epigyne in Nannenus has a pair of grooves, oval or proportions of internal structures of the epigyne (Figs round, separated by a ridge (Figs 101–103). Copulatory 104–107), and by the structure of the palpus in males opening near mid-length of epigyne, followed by (Figs 98–100). membranous broad loop of a copulatory duct, passing DESCRIPTION. Body of rather general appearance into narrower sclerotized duct, with armature of scent as illustrated by drawings of male N. syrphus, the type gland opening near the junction. Sclerotized duct runs species of the genus [Prószyñski, 1987: 69–70], and forwards initially, then makes a prominent bend and the female of N. maughami sp.n. (Figs 96–97). The runs backwards along mid-line of epigyne, ultimately 46 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold

Figs 96–107. General appearance and copulatory organs of Nannenus maughami sp.n. (97–99, 101, 104), N. siedleckii sp.n. (102, 105), N. lyriger (106) and N. syrphus (100, 103, 107): 96–97 — general appearance of female, dorsal and lateral views; 98–100 — palpus, ventral and lateral views; 101–107 — epigyne and its internal structures. Ðèñ. 96–107. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Nannenus maughami sp.n. (97–99, 101, 104), N. siedleckii sp.n. (102, 105), N. lyriger (106) è N. syrphus (100, 103, 107): 96–97 — âíåøíèé âèä ñàìêè, äîðçàëüíî è ñáîêó; 98–100 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó; 101– 107 — ýïèãèíà è å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå. Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 47

Figs 108–113. General appearance and copulatory organs of Orcevia kuloni sp.n.: 108–109 — palpus, ventral and lateral views; 110 — general appearance; 111 — cheliceral dentition; 112–113 — epigyne and its internal structures. Ðèñ. 108–113. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Orcevia kuloni sp.n.: 108–109 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó; 110 — âíåøíèé âèä; 111 — âîîðóæåíèå õåëèöåð; 112–113 — ýïèãèíà è å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå. joining single-chambered spermatheca, which in N. lyr- DIAGNOSIS. The male differs from N. syrphus by iger, N. maughami sp.n. and N. siedleckii sp.n. is glob- its shorter embolus, the tip of the cymbium, and by its ular, but in N. syrphus is transversely flattened (Figs broader tibial apophysis (Fig. 99). The female (Fig. 104–107). 104) differs by having a very tight anterior loop of the DISTRIBUTION. Two species known from Sin- sclerotized copulatory duct, the membranous loop is gapore, two newly described from Indonesia: Sumatra. distinctly smaller than in N. syrphus (Figs 107), and the Generic placement of N. constrictus (Karsch, 1880), spermatheca is globular rather than flattened. from Philippines require confirmation. DESCRIPTION. Male. Somatic characters are not documented. Tibial apophysis flat, apically bent (Figs Nannenus maughami sp.n. 98–99). Palpus with elongate cymbium, gently bent. Figs 97–99, 101, 104. Bulbus elongate oval, set obliquely, with spermophor along edge, embolus arising from posterior angle of MATERIAL. Holotype $ and allotype #, Sumatra: Bohorok, sink C, leaf litter 25 April, 1982. Leg. S. Djojosudharmo. CDML. bulbus, running parallel to bulbus and extending dis- COMPARATIVE MATERIAL. $ SYNTYPE Nannenus lyr- tinctly in front of it. iger Simon, 1902, Singapore 14293 — coll. Simon. MNHN. (See Female. Body shown in Figs 96–97, with carapace Fig. 106). #$ SYNTYPES Nanneus syrphus Simon, 1902. Sin- gapore 11835. Coll. Simon MNHN. (See Figs 100, 103, 107). as long as abdomen, but slightly broader, high, total ETYMOLOGY. Named after William Somerset length of body 3.0. Grooves of epigyne (Fig. 101) Maugham (1874–1965) British novelist and short story almost round, but narrowing posteriorly and ending writer. angularly, posterior pocket single, triangular and poor- 48 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold

Figs 114–126. Copulatory organs of Laufeia aenea (114–116), Orcevia keyserlingi (117–119, 124–126), O. eucola (120–122) and O. perakensis (123): 114–115, 117–121 — palpus, ventral and lateral views; 116, 122–124 — epigyne; 125–126 — internal structures of epigyne and magnified detail of its copulatory duct and scent opening armature. 114–116 — after Bohdanowicz & Prószyñski [1987]; 120–122, 124–126 — after Prószyñski [1984b]; 123 — after Prószyñski [1987]. Ðèñ. 114–126. Êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Laufeia aenea (114–116), Orcevia keyserlingi (117–119, 124–126), O. eucola (120–122) è O. perakensis (123): 114–115, 117–121 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó; 116, 122–124 — ýïèãèíà; 125–126 — âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå ýïèãèíû. 114–116 — ïî Bohdanowicz & Prószyñski [1987]; 120–122, 124–126 — ïî Prószyñski [1984b]; 123 — ïî Prószyñski [1987]. ly visible. Sclerotized part of copulatory duct very Nannenus siedleckii sp.n. narrow (Fig. 104), ascending part of the loop adjacent Figs 102, 105. to the descending one, armature of the scent opening prominent, chimney-like, seems to be extended by thin MATERIAL. Holotype $, Sumatra: Mt. Singalang, Anai. [Col- membranous duct. Spermatheca almost globular. lector and date unknown]. CDML. DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: ETYMOLOGY. Named after Micha³ Marian Sied- Sumatra. lecki, prominent Polish zoologist who collected zoo- Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 49

Figs 127–129. General appearance and copula- tory organs of Orsima thaleri sp.n.: 127 — general appearance, dorsal view; 128–129 — epigyne and its internal structures. Ðèñ. 127–129. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Orsima thaleri sp.n.: 127 — âíåøíèé âèä, äîðçàëüíî; 128–129 — ýïèãèíà è å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå.

Figs 130–140. General appearance and copulatory organs of Phaeacius fimbriatus: 130–131 — general appearance, dorsal and lateral views; 132–135 — palpus, ventral and lateral views and details of tibial apophysis; 136–137 — epigyne, ventral and posterior view; 138– 140 — internal stuctures of epigyne, dorsal and antero-dorsal views, as well as strange membranous structure. Ðèñ. 130–140. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Phaeacius fimbriatus: 130–131 — âíåøíèé âèä, äîðçàëüíî è ñáîêó; 132– 135 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó è äåòàëè ñòðîåíèÿ îòðîñòêà ãîëåíè; 136–137 — ýïèãèíà, ñíèçó è ñçàäè; 138–140 — âíóòðåííÿÿ ñòðóêòóðà ýïèãèíû, äîðçàëüíî è ñïåðåäè-ñâåðõó, à òàêæå íåîáû÷íàÿ ìåìáðàíèçèðîâàííàÿ ñòðóêòóðà. 50 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold

Figs 141–145. General appearance and copulatory organs of Phintella conradi sp.n.: 141–142 — general appearance, dorsal and frontal views; 143 — chelicera and maxillary endite; 144–145 — palpus, ventral and lateral views. Ðèñ. 141–145. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Phintella conradi sp.n.: 141–142 — âíåøíèé âèä, äîðçàëüíî è ñïåðåäè; 143 — õåëèöåðà è ìàêñèëëû; 144–145 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó. logical specimens, including spiders, from Java in 1907. Genus Orcevia Thorell, 1890 In October 1939 he was sent to the Concentration Camp Sachsenhausen by Nazi-Germans, together with Type species Orcevia keyserlingi Thorell, 1890, 168 other professors of the Jagiellonian University, from Sumatra. where he died in 1940. REMARKS. Simon [1903a: 824] synonymized the DIAGNOSIS. Recognizable by the epigyne which generic name Orcevia with Laufeia Simon, 1889 (type resembles N. maughami sp.n., but differs from it by species L. aenea Simon, 1889). However, the genital having the grooves almost round (Fig. 102) and by a organs of both sexes in Orcevia (Figs 117–126) are so loose bend of the sclerotized duct (Fig. 105), as well as different from L. aenea (Figs 114–116) that they can- a horizontal ledge across the spermatheca. It differs not be congeneric (see diagnosis below), so we pro- from N. lyriger (Fig. 106) by having the copulatory pose to consider the above as separate genera. Our duct joining the anterior part of spermatheca. knowledge of Laufeia is incomplete because the arach- DESCRIPTION. Male unknown. Female. Somatic nological literature lacks illustrations of the general characters are not documented. Epigyne with grooves appearance of the male and of the internal structure of almost round (Fig. 102). Internal structures of epigyne the epigyne. (Fig. 105) with broad bend of sclerotized part of copu- We propose to include the following species into latory duct. Globular spermatheca is divided by sclero- genus Orcevia: tized ledge, separating narrow anterior space which Laufeia eucola (Thorell, 1890) = Orcevia eucola extends the duct (Fig. 100). Terminal opening of sper- Thorell, 1890 from Sumatra. matheca atop of narrow extended cone, which seems to Laufeia keyserlingi (Thorell, 1890) = Orcevia key- be a unique character. serlingi Thorell, 1890 from Sumatra (type species of REMARKS. Species recognized and described from the genus). the internal structure of the epigyne. Description of Laufeia perakensis (Simon, 1901) = Orcevia per- somatic characters of the female, and description of the akensis Simon, 1901 from Malaysia: Malay Peninsula male must be delayed pending further research. Laufeia proszynskii Song, Gu et Chen, 1988 = Or- DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: cevia proszynskii (Song et al., 1988) comb.n. from Sumatra. China: Hainan. Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 51

Figs 146–164. Some features of the genus Pseudicius. P. encarpatus (146), P. javanicus sp.n. (164) ), P. kraussi (147–149, 152–154, 163), P. maureri (150–151), P. punctatus (160–162), P. wadis (155–159): 164–148, 159 — general appearance; 149–150 — subocular row of stridulatory tubercles with spines; 151 — stridulatory microspines on femur I; 152–154 — diversity in modification of tibia I; 160– 164 — diversity in copulatory ducts, spermathecae and pockets (abbreviations: cc — copulatory opening and duct, la — anterior loop of the copulatory duct, lp — posterior loop of the copulatory duct, P — lateral pocket (black), s — spermatheca, sd — scent opening and duct, T — T junction of scent duct and anterior, as well as posterior copulatory duct). 147–149, 152–154 — after Berry et al. [1998], 150– 151 — after Prószyñski [1992]; 155–159 — after Prószyñski [2003]. Ðèñ. 146–164. Íåêîòîðûå ïðèçíàêè ðîäà Pseudicius. P. encarpatus (146), P. javanicus sp.n. (164) ), P. kraussi (147–149, 152–154, 163), P. maureri (150–151), P. punctatus (160–162) è P. wadis (155–159): 164–148, 159 — âíåøíèé âèä; 149–150 — ðÿä ñòðèäóëÿöèîííûõ áóãîðêîâ ñ øèïèêàìè; 151 — ñòðèäóëÿöèîííûå øèïèêè íà áåäðå I; 152–154 — ðàçíîîáðàçèå ìîäèôèêàöèè ãîëåíè I; 160–164 — ðàçíîîáðàçèå ñåìÿïðîâîäîâ, ñïåðìàòåê è êàðìàíîâ. 147–149, 152–154 — ïî Berry et al. [1998], 150–151 — ïî Prószyñski [1992]; 155–159 — ïî Prószyñski [2003].

The genus Laufeia contains currently the following fers from Laufeia (Fig. 116) by having complicated species: internal structures; externally the epigyne has a pair of L. aenea Simon, 1889 — from Japan and China small white “windows” in front of semicircular rims of (type species of the genus), the copulatory openings. L. sasakii Ikeda, 1998 — from Japan and DESCRIPTION. General appearance well illustrat- L. scutigera Zabka, 1985 — from Vietnam (place- ed by that of the male O. kuloni sp.n. (Fig. 110), see ment to be revised). also description below. Palpus have long and gently DIAGNOSIS. Palpus of Orcevia males (Figs 117– bent tibial apophysis, terminating in a broad plate (Figs 121) differs from that in Laufeia (Figs 114–115) by 108–109), bulbus broad, embolus long, forming a broad, having a strikingly broader bulbus, long, loose coil of loose coil. the embolus, long tibial apophysis terminating in a Female. Somatic characters are not documented. broad plate. Epigyne of Orcevia (Figs 122–124) dif- Epigyne of Orcevia has a pair of small white “win- 52 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold

Figs 165–172. General appearance and copulatory organs of Pseudicius javanicus sp.n.: 165–166 — general appearance, lateral and dorsal views; 169 — a row of stridulatory spines on tubercles under eyes lateral; 167–168 — palpus, ventral and lateral views; 170–172 — epigyne, its internal structures and diagram of separated parts of internal structures (abbreviations: cc — copulatory opening and duct, la — anterior loop of the copulatory duct, lp — posterior loop of the copulatory duct, P — lateral pocket, s — spermatheca, sd — scent opening and duct, T — T junction of scent duct and anterior, as well as posterior copulatory duct). Ðèñ. 165–172. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Pseudicius javanicus sp.n.: 165–166 — âíåøíèé âèä, ñáîêó è äîðçàëüíî s; 169 — ðÿä ñòðèäóëÿöèîííûõ øèïèêîâ íà áóãîðêàõ ïîä ãëàçàìè, ñáîêó; 167–168 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó; 170–172 — ýïèãèíà, å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå è äèàãðàììà îòäåëüíûõ ÷àñòåé. dows” in front of semicircular rims of the copulatory DIAGNOSIS. The male differs from O. keyserlingi openings, in the mid-length (Figs 122–124). Internal by having a broader bulbus and a tibial apophysis with structures unusual, with copulatory ducts long and bent, a forked terminal plate (Figs 108–109). The female sclerotized spermatheca compact, with internal ducts differs by the triangular outline of the epigyne (Fig. and convoluted chambers, armature of scent gland open- 112), more compact spermatheca, and shorter copula- ing resembling a long pipe (Figs 125–126). tory ducts in front of the spermathecae (Fig. 113). DESCRIPTION. Male. Dark, without any distinct Orcevia kuloni sp.n. dorsal pattern, flat area of thoracic region lighter. Ñara- Figs 108–113. pace high and short, 1.8 long, posterior slope steep, eyefield slightly broader than long, narrowing posteri- MATERIAL. Holotype #, allotype $, W Java: Udjung Kulon orly (Fig. 110). Abdomen oval, 1.6 long, covered dor- reserve, leaf litter, 14–25 November, 1986. Leg. C.L. & P.R. Deele- sally with scutum. Inner posterior cheliceral tooth has man. CDML. two cusps (Fig. 111). Legs I longest and most robust. ETYMOLOGY. Named for Udjung Kulon reserve, Palpus with long tibial apophysis, reaching tip of where collected. bulbus, relatively thin and gently bent, expanded dis- Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 53

Figs 173–177. General appearance and copulatory organs of Taraxella sumatrana: 173–174 — general appearance, dorsal and lateral views; 175–177 — epigyne, ventral and posterior views, as well as internal structures. Ðèñ. 173–177. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Taraxella sumatrana: 173–174 — âíåøíèé âèä, äîðçàëüíî è ñáîêó; 175– 177 — ýïèãèíà, ñíèçó è ñçàäè, è âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå. tally into a small plate, bifurcated apically with un- Orsima thaleri sp.n. equal, short but broad rami. The bulbus is broad, the Figs 127–129. embolus forming a broad loop atop the bulbus, orient- ed in a diagonal plane (Figs 108–109). MATERIAL. Holotype $, Sumatra: Mt. Singalang, Anai (480– Female. Somatic characters are not documented. 520 m), secondary forest, from leaves, 10–22 June, 1994. Leg. S. Epigyne oval with a pair of small “windows” in the Djojosudharmo. CDML. ETYMOLOGY. Named after Konrad Thaler (1940– anterior half (Fig. 112). Copulatory ducts sclerotized, 2005) — a prominent Austrian arachnologist and a spermathecae compact, divided internally into convo- friend of the authors. His activities included efforts to luted chambers and ducts (Figs 113). Armature of the promote conference etc. participation of arachnolo- scent opening in the form of a long duct, ending at the gists from the Socialist Countries’, especially during level of the copulatory opening. the years 1986–1989, when he was President of the DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: International Society of Arachnology (then named Java. CIDA). DIAGNOSIS. The new species differs from O. ich- Genus Orsima Simon, 1901 neumon [see Ýabka, 1992: figs 15–16] by the epigynal window having a robust sclerotized arch on its anterior Type species Orsima constricta Simon, 1901 from rim (Fig. 128), the posterior location of the copulatory West Africa. opening, and the oblique course of the duct towards the REMARKS. This genus is tentatively placed in the anterior spermatheca (Fig. 129). subfamily Heliophaninae. Despite its ant-like shape it DESCRIPTION. Male unknown. Female. Body is not related to Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839. Spe- elongate, with carapace narrowing posteriorly, but with- cies are known from Africa (O. constricta) and South out constriction. Eyefield flat, narrowing posteriorly. Asia (O. ichneumon (Simon, 1901)), and are character- Pedicel long, visible from above. Abdomen constrict- ized by a long, narrow abdomen, with a constriction in ed, with posterior end globular (Fig. 127), thoracic the posterior region, resulting in a swollen, rounded region without constriction. Epigyne transversally oval, end. However, the congeneric status of these species with prominent sclerotized arch at the anterior edge of seems doubtful in view of difference in their pedipalp the white “windows” (Fig. 128). Copulatory openings structure. The synonymy of the Bornean O. formica located at the postero-lateral part of transversely oval Peckham et Peckham, 1907 and the Sumatran O. ich- epigynal groove, from which thick-walled sclerotized neumon, proposed by Ýabka [1992] is not convincing. copulatory duct runs antero-diagonally, and passes un- They have a colourful body — see photographs by D. der the superficial, sclerotized arch of the groove’s Knowles, reproduced in Prószyñski [2011]. rim. Beyond that rim ducts bend laterally, making 120° 54 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold

Figs 178–181. Copulatory organs of Thianitara spectrum: 178–179 — palpus, ventral and lateral views; 180–181 — epigyne and its internal structures. Ðèñ. 178–181. Êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Thianitara spectrum: 178–179 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó; 180–181 — ýïèãèíà è å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå. turn, to join globular, but transversely oriented sper- DIAGNOSIS. Males of three species described by matheca. Armature of the scent gland opening promi- Petrunkevich have Euophryinae type of palpi, with small nent, located on anterior wall of spermatheca (Fig. coil of embolus atop bulbus (Figs 190–193), while SE 129). Asian Emathis have large coil extending over half of Measurements. Length of carapace 2.30, ratios: ventral surface of bulbus (Figs 27–30). Females of all length of eyefield 0.57, height of eyefield 0.41, width four species have a pair of large “windows” on the of eyefield at eyes I 0.79, width of eyefield at eyes III ventral surface of epigyne (Figs 194–197), entirely 0.75, maximum width of carapace 0.79, length of flat different from the SE Asian Emathis (Figs 31–33). portion of carapace 0.67, length of abdomen 1.48, width Both sexes of all species of Emathis and Petemathis of abdomen 0.52, leg I (as ratio of length of carapace) have saw-like cheliceral tooth (Fig. 187). 3.39. Length of legs (5 distal segments) in mm and as DESCRIPTION. We refer reader to the descrip- ratio to leg I: leg I 7.80=1.00, leg II 5.06=0.65, leg III tions given by Petrunkevitch, 1930: 118–135, figs 97– 5.74=0.73, leg IV 9.06=1.16. Length of legs order: IV, 119. The diagnostic drawings are also shown in I, III, II. Prószyñski, 2011. Descriptions by Franganillo, 1930 [: REMARKS. The internal structure of the epigyne 38] and 1936 [: 130] seem insufficient for recognition of this species could be derived from O. ichneumon, by of the species Petemathis unispina (Franganillo, 1930). shifting the spermatheca forward and bending the scle- REMARKS. Four Porto Rican Euophryinae spe- rotized copulatory channel. Such internal modifica- cies with saw-like cheliceral tooth were originally de- tions, while the external appearance is similar, may scribed by Petrunkevitch 1930 in the unrelated Orien- suggest local speciation and absence of intermediate tal genus Emathis Simon. One more species, from Cuba, species, which in turn may not support Ýabka’s [1992] was added to them by Franganillo, 1930. There are no hypotheses on the conspecificity of the Sumatran O. similar genital organs among drawings of 82 species of ichneumon and the Bornean O. formica Peckham et Euophryinae from South America, or from 100 species Peckham, 1907. Unfortunately the female is unknown from Central America and the Caribbean, so these spe- in the latter species. cies should be transferred to a new genus. DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: Misplacement of these was realized by Bryant [1940: Sumatra. 466], and was subsequently mentioned by Ýabka, 1985, as well as Barrion et Litsinger, 1995; Prószyñski kept Gen. Petemathis gen.n. pointing that in all version of Salticidae database dur- Figs 187–197. ing years 1995–2011. However, students of Oriental Salticidae did not feel competent to describe Caribbe- Type species Emathis portoricensis Petrunkevitch, an genus, and Arachnologists of the Western Hemi- 1930. sphere were apparently not interested in setting order ETYMOLOGY. The proposed new generic name in the fauna of their Region. To introduce some order combines part of the name of Alexander Petrunkevitch in the taxonomy, the present authors decided to trans- (with intention of paying respect to the memory of that fer Petrunkevitch’s species into separate genus, in the prominent Arachnologist) and of originally used name hopes that this will stimulate further study by more Emathis, grammatical gender — feminine. competent Arachnologists. Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 55

Figs 182–186. General appearance and copulatory organs of Thianitara spectrum (182) and Th. thailandica sp.n. (183–186): 182– 183 — general appearance; 184 — carapace; 185–186 — epigyne and its internal structure. Ðèñ. 182–186. Âíåøíèé âèä è êîïóëÿòèâíûå îðãàíû Thianitara spectrum (182) è Th. thailandica sp.n. (183–186): 182–183 — âíåøíèé âèä; 184 — carapace; 185–186 — ýïèãèíà è å¸ âíóòðåííåå ñòðîåíèå.

DISTRIBUTION. Porto Rico and Cuba. dorsal ramus of the tibial apophysis and minor details of the palpus [see Wanless, 1981: 205, figs 1, 2, 5–7]. The genus Petemathis contains the following spe- DESCRIPTION. Male. General appearance shown cies: in Figs 130–131. Two tibial apophyses, the ventral one small, forming a short, broad hook, the retrolateral one Petemathis luteopunctata (Petrunkevitch, 1930) long and robust, slightly bent, bifurcated in apical half, comb.n. with rami of unequal length (Figs 132–135). Emathis l. Petrunkevitch, 1930: 135, f. 117–119 ($). Measurements: length of carapace 3.63, of eye field Type specimens from Puerto Rico, kept in PMYU. 1.5, of abdomen 3.6; height of carapace at eyes III 1.8; width of eyefield at eyes I 1.6, maximum width of cara- Petemathis minuta (Petrunkevitch, 1930) comb.n. pace 2.97, maximum width of abdomen 1.9. Emathis m. Petrunkevitch, 1930: 130, f. 110–116 (#, $). Female. Carapace broad, with raised eyefield. Abdo- Type specimens from Puerto Rico, kept in AMNH. men pointed, with posterior whitish diamond spot. Legs I–IV long and robust. Epigyne relatively large, with two Petemathis portoricensis (Petrunkevitch, 1930) oval depressions extending along the whole length, en- comb.n. circled by broad, black sclerotized rims, broadly sepa- Emathis p. Petrunkevitch, 1930: 118, f. 97–103 (#, $). rated (Figs 136–137). Internal structure is shown on Figs Type specimens from Puerto Rico, kept in PMYU. 138–139, there is a membranous pocket of unknown function (Fig. 140), not observed in other species. Petemathis tetuani (Petrunkevitch, 1930) comb.n. REMARKS. The type species of the genus was Emathis t. Petrunkevitch, 1930: 125, f. 104–109 (#, $). described from a female specimen, but accompanied Type specimens from Puerto Rico, kept in PMYU. by a male, not mentioned in the original description and only assumed to be conspecific by Wanless [1981: Petemathis unispina (Franganillo, 1930) comb.n. 202–205, f. 4A–H]. The existing drawings of the exter- Emathis u. Franganillo, 1930: 38 ($). Emathis u.: Franganillo, 1936: 130 (#). nal views of the epigyne of P. malayensis, and the lack Described from Cuba, whereabouts of types un- of similar for P. lancearius do not permit confirmation known. of Wanless’s conclusions regarding differences. DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: Java, record from Nepal require confirmation. Phaeacius fimbriatus Simon, 1900 Figs 130–140. Phintella conradi sp.n. Figs 141–145. P. f. Simon, 1900: 32 ($). P. f.: Simon, 1901: 408, f. 434 ($). P. f.: Wanless, 1981: 202, f. 4A–H, 5B ($, #). MATERIAL. Holotype #, Sumatra: Mt. Singalang, Anai, 400– P. f.: Wanless, 1984: 190, f. 28A–H (# $). 430 m, secondary forest near the cave. Leg. S. Djojosudharmo. CDML. MATERIAL. 1 # “Phaeacius lancearius: det. Kulczyñski. Java: Wonosobo, Mai 1909” [Misidentified]. MiIZ. 1 $ “Phae- ETYMOLOGY. Named after Joseph Conrad (Józef acius fimbriatus: Java; Tjibulan near Bogor. Leg. Pisarski, det. Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski, 1857–1924) — a Polish Prószyñski”. MiIZ. novelist who wrote in English, and for many years was DIAGNOSIS. Differs from P. lancearius (Thorell, a Merchant Navy captain sailing around the Malay 1895) and P. malayensis Wanless, 1981 by longer Archipelago, as described in his novels. 56 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold

Figs 187–197. Diagnostic characters of the Caribbean genus Petemathis gen.n. Petemathis luteopunctata (187, 194), P. minuta (190– 191, 195), P. portoricensis (189, 196), P. tetuani (188, 192–193, 197): 187 — saw-like cheliceral tooth; 188–189 — general appearance, dorsal and lateral views; 190–193 — palpus, ventral and lateral views; 194–197 — epigyne. 187-197 — from Petrunkevitch 1930. Ðèñ. 187–197. Äèàãíîñòè÷åñêèå ïðèçíàêè êàðèáñêîãî ðîäà Petemathis gen.n.: Petemathis luteopunctata (187, 194), P. minuta (190–191, 195), P. portoricensis (189, 196), P. tetuani (188, 192–193, 197): 187 — ïèëîâèäíûé çóáåö õåëèöåðû; 188–189 — âíåøíèé âèä, äîðçàëüíî è ñáîêó; 190–193 — ïàëüïà, ñíèçó è ñáîêó; 194–197 — ýïèãèíà. 187–197 — èç Petrunkevitch [1930].

DIAGNOSIS. Resembles P. bifurcilinea (Bösen- Anterior part of cymbium somewhat elongated, pos- berg et Strand, 1906) (type species of the Phintella terior part of bulbus drawn angularly, sperm duct bent Bösenberg et Strand, 1906) by general appearance (Fig. anteriorly and running diagonally across the bulbus. 141). Palpal organ differs by having a bent plate, dor- Embolus running anteriorly, gently bent, about half the sal to the embolus (Fig. 144, absent in P. bifurcilinea). length of bulbus. There is a curious plate, dorsal to the The lateral angle of the maxillary endite is drawn out embolus, as long as the embolus (Fig. 144), anteriorly into a long, triangular process (Fig. 143). angular and bent. Lateral angle of maxillary endite DESCRIPTION. Male. Body shape shown in Fig. drawn out into long, triangular process (Fig. 143). 141. Length of carapace 2.3, length of abdomen 3. Female unknown. Carapace with tegument dark, iridescent, with spots of REMARK. Placement in this genus is tentative, pending further comparative studies on the unusual white scales. Anterior half of eyefield lighter, with a plate located above the embolus. white, diamond-shaped spot behind eyefield. Lower DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: sides of thoracic region with white lateral streaks pos- Sumatra. teriorly. Eyefield rectangular. Anterior lateral eyes half the size of anterior medians, aligned with dorsal rim of Genus Pseudicius Simon, 1885 the latter (Fig. 142). Abdomen elongate oval, pointed distally, as broad as carapace. Light coloured, with two Type species: Aranea encarpata Walckenaer, 1802, grey streaks, also median grey streak, bisected by a from Europe. dark thin line along anterior half (Fig. 141). Spinnerets DEFINITION. A genus containing more than 90 dark. With exception for white clypeus, the following species, recognizable first of all by their peculiar parts are black: face, chelicerae, lateral surfaces of leg stridulatory apparatus and other somatic characters, I, median part of cymbium. including body short and long, legs I robust, longest in Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 57 males (Figs 146–148, 159, 165–166). Genital organs DISTRIBUTION. The genus occurs in the conti- variable, particularly complicated in females. Similar nents of the Old World, Pacific Islands and Australia, characters also occur in the small, closely related Afri- is absent on the Western Hemisphere. can genus Festucula Simon, 1901, although in this genus the abdomen is exceptionally long. The peculiar- Pseudicius javanicus sp.n. ities of Pseudicius are most clear when compared with Figs 165–172. another well known Heliophaninae genus Menemerus Simon, 1868, which is speciose, widespread, and lives MATERIAL. Holotype $, # allotype, Jawa: Kagok + in the same type of environment. Probolingo. Kulczyñski Coll. MiIZ. DIAGNOSIS. Both sexes differ from Menemerus ETYMOLOGY. Specific name derived from Java by the presence of a lateral subocular row of tubercles Island. (Figs 149–150, 169) and microtubercles on femur I DIAGNOSIS. This species differs from males of P. (Figs 151–152), and also by having a modified tibia I wadis Prószyñski, 1989 (Figs 157–158) by having a (Figs 152–154). strongly bent tibial apophysis, resembling the letter DESCRIPTION. Carapace with peculiar row of “U” in lateral view (Fig. 168), females have a smaller about 10 stridulatory bristles on tubercles, short and loop in the copulatory duct, equal to half the length of robust, stretching below the lateral eyes (Figs 149– the spermatheca (Figs 170–171). 150, 169); these presumably interact [Maddison, 1987] DESCRIPTION. Male. Body appearance shown in with microscopic spines on anterior lateral surface of (Fig. 165), but colors have changed after 100 years of femur I (Figs 151–152). Abdomen oval and low, usual- storage in alcohol. Subocular row of stridulatory spines ly about twice as long as the carapace. Leg I robust and is distinct (Fig. 169). Legs I with oversized, much broad- long in both sexes (Figs 165), although in females leg ened femur, patella and tibia. Male palpus with elongate IV longer than leg I (Fig. 166). Tibia I modified, (Figs oval bulbus, embolus arising from a broad base, in mid- 151–153), either medianly swollen, or cylindrical, some- length of bulbus, parallel to bulbus and gently bent (Fig. times enlarged. Spines on tibia I reduced entirely, or 167). Tibial apophysis originates at the mid-length of short and thick, usually grouped ventro-distally. There tibia, and is broadly bent initially (Fig. 168). are a few curious dorsal trichobothria on tibia I – long Female. Dorsal view shown in Fig. 166. Abdomen hairs, stiff and thin, often waving or apically bent. light with two darker streaks broken into 3 pairs of Abdominal pattern variable, usually with prominent near-rectangular spots, there is a pair of lighter grey median dark streak (Fig. 146), or pairs of dark spots spots anteriorly, and a diamond-shaped, contrasting (Figs 147) on light background. These spots are often black spot at the posterior end of the abdomen. Epigy- square or rectangular, stretching along the whole ne broad, with pockets at the mid-point, widely spaced, abdomen, or concentrated in its posterior region, the translucent coils of copulatory ducts clearly half the posterior single spot is diamond-shaped — fitting with- length of the spermathecae (Fig. 170). Details of inter- in angular end of abdomen. Genital organ structure nal structure are shown in Fig. 171, and partially disen- diverse, both in males and females; the species can be tangled in Fig. 172. arranged into forms showing gradual changes, hypo- REMARKS. Females are easier to identify and com- thetically reflecting evolutionary relationships. Males pare in Pseudicius, so a female is designated as the have an oval bulbus with embolus arising laterally, holotype. Figs 160–164 illustrate the differences in tibial apophysis long and pointed (Figs 157–158, 167– spermathecae and copulatory ducts in closely related 168), sometimes forked, with rami of various length. species of Pseudicius, presumably reflecting changes Females have long, coiled copulatory ducts, promi- during speciation on various islands: it appears that nent, long structures of scent gland openings and oval there are at least two species on Viti Levu in the Fijian spermathecae (Figs 156, 160–164). Islands, the species from Savaii Island in Samoa is REMARKS. Maddison et al. [2008] classify Pseu- distinctly different from that from Java. Presumably dicius in the subfamily Heliophaninae, close to the there are more species in that area, and speciation in North American genus Marchena Peckham et Peck- Pseudicius deserves closer scrutiny. ham, 1909, based on molecular analysis. Both genera DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: Java. have stridulatory organs including tubercles with mi- crospines on the femur, in Marchena, however, the Taraxella sumatrana Wanless, 1987 subocular row of tubercles is replaced by a cuticular Figs 154–158. rugosity. The genus Pseudicius has diverse genital or- gans, hypothetically evolved from some common an- T. s. Wanless, 1987: 125, f. 12A–J (#$). cestral form. That diversity should be reflected in the MATERIAL. $, Sumatra: Bohorok, 2 Jaunary, 1984. CDML. subdivision of the genus — the first tentative split into REMARKS. This genus and its five species were informal species groups was presented in the database described by Wanless [1984, 1987], from Borneo, Pen- by Prószyñski [2011]. The available data are, however, insula Malaya and Sumatra. The specimen illustrated too incomplete for formal description of subgenera. here was collected in the ”terra typica”, but Wanless The newly acquired data suggest that the frigidus group [1987: 125–127] does not list it in the original descrip- of species should be excluded from this genus. tion. The females are known for only two of the spe- 58 J. Prószyñski, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold cies, but our drawing of the internal structure of epigy- large, held outstretched horizontally, bent at the femur- ne is the first for the genus. patella joint, with patella and tibia parallel to body DIAGNOSIS. Epigyne with large translucent sper- axis. Tibia I with five pairs of ventral spines, metatar- matheca, somewhat resembling a broad questioning sus and tarsus I distinctly thinner than tibia I. There is a mark, and a small, posterior depression. In the epigyne white mark basally on tibia I. Bulbus broad, embolus of T. petrensis Wanless, 1987, the translucent sper- broad, course of spermophor compact, tibial apophysis mathecae are globular [Wanless, 1987: 124, f. 11D]. terminates with a small hook (Figs 178–179). DESCRIPTION. A sufficient description of the Female (first description). Somatic characters are general appearance of the female and its measurements not documented. Epigyne with two large, oval “win- were provided by Wanless [1987]. Body shape and dows”, separated by thin septum, which expands poste- pattern is shown in Figs 154–155. Epigyne with riorly (Fig. 180). Spermathecae globular, located pos- characteristic translucent internal parts, copulatory teriorly, copulatory ducts broad, overlapping part of openings located on posterior rim of epigyne (Figs 156– spermathecae and about as long, directed diagonally 157), in agreement with Wanless [1987: 126, f. 12D]. (Fig. 181), their posterior part narrower, but thick- The spermatheca, drawn here for the first time, is bean- walled, makes a turn of 270 degrees before joining the shaped with two irregular protuberances (Fig. 158). spermathecae. The armature of the scent gland opening DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: prominent and robust, set at the bend of the copulatory Sumatra. ducts. DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Indonesia: Genus Thianitara Simon, 1903 Sumatra.

Type species Thianitara spectrum Simon, 1903 from Thianitara thailandica sp.n. SE Asia. Figs 183–186. DEFINITION. The genus Thianitara belongs to the subfamily Euophryinae. It has a flattened body with Thianitara sp.: Prószyñski, 1992: 113, f. 121–124 ($). a broad carapace, holds long legs I outstretched anteri- MATERIAL. $ holotype. Thianitara sp. Thailand: E slope of Doi Sutep, 875–950 m, 15 July, 1962. Leg. E.S. Ross & D.H. orly, flat and characteristically bent at the femur-patel- Kavanaugh. CAS. la joint (Figs 182–183). Tibia I has 5 pairs of ventral ETYMOLOGY. Named for country where collected. spines, metatarsus thin and long. Epigyne and palpus DIAGNOSIS. This species differs from T. spectrum resembling those in Thiania. by the crescent-shaped sclerotization of the copulatory REMARKS. This genus, originally described as openings (Fig. 185) and the short copulatory duct, monotypic, appears to be common in SE Asia [Mur- anterior to the spermatheca (Fig. 186). phy, 2000: pl. 30, f. 5], but nonetheless is poorly de- DESCRIPTION. Male unknown. Female. Carapace scribed. The original description [Simon, 1903a: 1054, broad, flat and low (Fig. 184), posterior half of abdom- f. 1122] is concise and illustrated only by a drawing of inal pattern with broad dark transverse band, accompa- the distal segments of leg I. The only existing diagnos- nied by thinner white bands (Fig. 164). Leg I longest, tic drawings of the male palpus was given by Prószyñ- with tibia robust, swollen and armoured with 5 pairs of ski [1984: 147, f.?] who illustrated a non-type speci- ventral spines, metatarsus I about as long as tibia, but men of T. spectrum from Siboga, in the Reimoser col- thin (Fig. 183). Copulatory openings in the shallow lection; it is uncertain whether it is conspecific with the anterior depression of the epigyne, their posterior rims type. The only other existing illustrations of the genus forming a sclerotized crescent (Fig. 185). Spermathe- Thianitara are diagnostic photo-documentation by P. cae globular, copulatory channels short (Fig. 186), run- Koomen of specimens from Borneo, as well as a photo- ning diagonally, scent gland opening under sclerotized graph of interacting males in Prószyñski [2011]. rims of the copulatory opening. Measurements : length of carapace 2.37, length of Thianitara spectrum Simon, 1903 abdomen 2.87, length of eye field 1.0, height of cara- Figs 178–181, 182. pace 0.62, width of eye field at eyes I 1.56, width of eye field at eyes III 1.56, width of carapace at eyes III T. s. Simon, 1903a: 1054, f. 1122 (#). 1.75. T. s.: Prószyñski, 1984a: 147 (#). REMARKS. This description complements the MATERIAL. 2 ##, 1 $, Sumatra: Bohorok [several labels: “16 February”, “10 March”, “14 June 1983”, “between 2 leaves preliminary description by Prószyñski [1992a: 113, f. glued together”, “above bamboo”, “from cave”]. CDML. 121–122], who did not propose a specific name for this DIAGNOSIS. This species differs from Thiania species, due to uncertain generic placement. There was bhamoensis Thorell, 1887 [Prószyñski & Deeleman- no female of any Thianitara known at that time for Reinhold, 2010: 181, figs 142–147] by having its body comparative purposes. Discovery of the female of T. more flattened, five pairs of ventral spines on tibia I spectrum from Sumatra (see above) has helped to bridge and in the shape of the genital organs (Figs. 178–182). that gap. The problem of differentiating the genera DESCRIPTION. Carapace flattened and broad (Fig. Thianitara and Thiania C.L. Koch, 1846 deserves 182), with anterior part of carapace rectangular. Leg I further study. Salticidae (Aranei) from the Malay Archipelago. II. 59

DISTRIBUTION. Documented from Thailand. Maddison W.P., Bodner M.R., Needham K.M. 2008. Salticid spi- der phylogeny revisited, with the discovery of a large Australa- sian clade (Araneae: Salticidae) // Zootaxa. No.1893. P.49–64. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We are grateful to the late Marples B.J. 1957. Spiders from some Pacific islands // Pacif. Sci. Suharto Djojosudharmo who collected spiders in many parts Vol.11. P.386–395. of Indonesia, during the years 1983–2000, kept now in the Marples B.J. 1964. Spiders from some Pacific islands, part V // C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold collection, including those men- Pacif. Sci. Vol.18. P.399–410. tioned in this paper. Murphy F., Murphy J. 2000. An introduction to the spiders of South Permissions to reproduce a few comparative drawings East Asia. Malaysian Nature Society. Singapore. 624 pp. from were received from Dr. M. Ýabka. Very considerable Peckham G.W., Peckham E.G. 1885 [1886]. Genera of the family editorial help was received from Dr. Yu.M. Marusik. Co- Attidae: with a partial synonymy // Trans. Wisconsin Acad. quille paper for drawings was donated by Dr. W.P. Berry. Sci., Arts and Letters. Vol.6. P.255–342. Peckham G.W., Peckham E.G. 1907. The Attidae of Borneo // Trans. The translation into English language was corrected by Dr. Wisconsin Acad. Sci., Arts and Letters. Vol.15. P.603–653. David Penney. Writing of this paper was assisted by special Petrunkevitch A. 1930. The spiders of Porto Rico. Part three // grant N303341235 from the Ministry of Higher Education Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts and Sci. Vol.31. P.1–191. and Sciences of Poland, and also by administrative help by Platnick N.I. 2011. The world spider catalog, version 11.5. Ameri- the Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of can Museum of Natural History, online at http:// Sciences in Warsaw. research.amnh.org/iz/spiders/catalog. The authors express their sincere and warm thanks to the Próchniewicz M. 1990. Salticidae aus Nepal and Bhutan. 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