Natural Colorants: Pigment Stability and Extraction Yield Enhancement Via Utilization of Appropriate Pretreatment and Extraction Methods
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Opuntia Dillenii (Ker-Gawl) Haw
Available online on www.ijppr.com International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research 2015; 7(6); 1101-1110 ISSN: 0975-4873 Research Article Pectin and Isolated Betalains from Opuntia dillenii (Ker-Gawl) Haw. Fruit Exerts Antiproliferative Activity by DNA Damage Induced Apoptosis Pavithra K1, Sumanth, M S2, Manonmani,H K2, ShashirekhaM N1* 1Fruit and Vegetable Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute Mysore -570 020, Karnataka, India 2Food Protectants and Infestation Control, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore -570 020, Karnataka, India Available Online: 11th October, 2015 ABSTRACT In India, nearly three million patients are suffering from Cancer. There is an alarming increase in new cancer cases and every year ~ 4.5 million people die from cancer in the world. In recent years there is a trend to adopt botanical therapy that uses many different plant constituents as medicine. One plant may be able to address many problems simultaneously by stimulating the immune system to help fight off cancer cells. There appears to be exceptional and growing public enthusiasm for botanical or "herbal" medicines, especially amongst cancer patients. In present study, we studied the in vitro anticancer properties of various fractions of cactus Opuntia dillenii (Ker-Gawl) Haw.employing Erlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell lines. The EAC cells when treated with fractions of O. dillenii showed apoptosis that was further confirmed by fluorescent and confocal microscopy. In addition, Cellular DNA content was determined by Flow cytometric analysis, wherein pigment treated cells exhibited 78.88 % apoptosis while pulp and pectin treated cells showed 39 and 38% apoptosis respectively. Tunnel assay was carried out to detect extensive DNA degradation in late stages of apoptosis. -
Altered Xanthophyll Compositions Adversely Affect Chlorophyll Accumulation and Nonphotochemical Quenching in Arabidopsis Mutants
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 95, pp. 13324–13329, October 1998 Plant Biology Altered xanthophyll compositions adversely affect chlorophyll accumulation and nonphotochemical quenching in Arabidopsis mutants BARRY J. POGSON*, KRISHNA K. NIYOGI†,OLLE BJO¨RKMAN‡, AND DEAN DELLAPENNA§¶ *Department of Plant Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1601; †Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102; ‡Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, CA 94305-4101; and §Department of Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0014 Contributed by Olle Bjo¨rkman, September 4, 1998 ABSTRACT Collectively, the xanthophyll class of carote- thin, are enriched in the LHCs, where they contribute to noids perform a variety of critical roles in light harvesting assembly, light harvesting, and photoprotection (2–8). antenna assembly and function. The xanthophyll composition A summary of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway of higher of higher plant photosystems (lutein, violaxanthin, and neox- plants and relevant chemical structures is shown in Fig. 1. anthin) is remarkably conserved, suggesting important func- Lycopene is cyclized twice by the enzyme lycopene b-cyclase tional roles for each. We have taken a molecular genetic to form b-carotene. The two beta rings of b-carotene are approach in Arabidopsis toward defining the respective roles of subjected to identical hydroxylation reactions to yield zeaxan- individual xanthophylls in vivo by using a series of mutant thin, which in turn is epoxidated once to form antheraxanthin lines that selectively eliminate and substitute a range of and twice to form violaxanthin. Neoxanthin is derived from xanthophylls. The mutations, lut1 and lut2 (lut 5 lutein violaxanthin by an additional rearrangement (9). -
Complex Ligands with Different Copigmentation Status
In: Anthocyanins: Structure, Biosynthesis and Health Benefits ISBN: 978-1-62257-329-5 Editor: Noboru Motohashi © 2012 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. No part of this digital document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted commercially in any form or by any means. The publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this digital document, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of information contained herein. This digital document is sold with the clear understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, medical or any other professional services. Chapter 12 COMPARATIVE HUMAN IN VITRO AND IN VIVO BIOAVAILABILITY INVESTIGATION OF BILBERRY ANTHOCYANINS IN DIFFERENT COMPLEX LIGANDS WITH DIFFERENT COPIGMENTATION STATUS Thomas Eidenberger*, Manuel Selg and Sigrid Fuerst Upper Austrian University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Wels, Austria ABSTRACT The colorful anthocyanins are well recognized members of the bioflavonoid phytochemicals. Anthocyanins have gained much attention as the food ingredients with health-promoting functions for recent years. Bilberries have been particularly known as one of the richest sources of anthocyanins. The physiological effects of anthocyanins in humans are dependent on the absorption after ingestion. Clinical studies have demonstrated that the bioavailability of anthocyanins is very low and highly variable because of their instability in physiological absorption conditions. The targets for the development of new anthocyanin products are improved absorption and reduced absorption variability. One way to achieve these targets is an increase of the stability of anthocyanins under physiological conditions. -
Effects of Spermine and Putrescine Polyamines on Capsaicin Accumula- Tion in Capsicum Annuum L
doi:10.14720/aas.2020.115.2.1199 Original research article / izvirni znanstveni članek Effects of spermine and putrescine polyamines on capsaicin accumula- tion in Capsicum annuum L. cell suspension cultures Esra KOÇ 1, 2, Cemil İŞLEK 3, Belgizar KARAYİĞİT 1 Received June 25, 2019; accepted April 11, 2020. Delo je prispelo 25. junija 2019, sprejeto 11. aprila 2020 Effects of spermine and putrescine polyamines on capsaicin Učinki poliaminov spermina in putrescina na akumulacijo accumulation in Capsicum annuum L. cell suspension cul- kapsaicina v suspenzijski kulturi celic paprike Capsicum an- tures nuum L. Abstract: This study examined the effects of different con- Izvleček: V raziskavi so bili preučevani učinki različnih centrations of spermine (Spm) and putrescine (Put) elicitors on koncentracij spermina (Spm) in putrescina (Put) kot elicitorjev capsaicin production at different times in cell suspension cul- na tvorbo kapsaicina v različnih časovnih intervalih v suspen- ture of peper (Capsicum annuum L‘Kahramanmaraş Hat-187’.), zijski celični kulturi paprike (Capsicum annuum ‘Kahramanma- raised from pepper seeds. Callus was obtained from hypocotyl raş Hat-187’. Kalus je bil pridobljen iz izsečkov hipokotila kalic explants of pepper seedlings germinated in vitro conditions, paprike, ki je vzkalila v in vitro razmerah, celične suspenzije so and cell suspensions were prepared from calluses. Spm (0.1, 0.2 bile pripravljene iz kalusov. Spm (0,1; 0,2 in 0,4 mg l-1) in Put -1) and Put (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg l-1) elicitors were ap- and 0.4 mg l (0,1; 0,2 in 0,4 mg l-1) sta bila dodajana kor elicitorja v celične plied on cell suspensions, and control groups free from elicitor suspenzije, hkrati so bile vzpostavljene kontrolne celične kul- treatment were created. -
Abscisic Acid Induced Protection Against Photoinhibition of PSII Correlates with Enhanced Activity of the Xanthophyll Cycle
FEBS 15944 FEBS Letters 371 (1995) 61-64 Abscisic acid induced protection against photoinhibition of PSII correlates with enhanced activity of the xanthophyll cycle A.G. Ivanov a'*, M. Krol b, D. Maxwell b, N.P.A. Huner b alnstitute of Biophysics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Aead. (7. Bonchev Street, bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria bDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont. N6A 5B7, Canada Received 22 June 1995; revised version received 24 July 1995 applied ABA on the light-dependent zeaxanthin formation, the Abstract The exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA) to related capacity for non-photochemical chlorophyll fluores- barley seedlings resulted in partial protection of the PSII photo- cence quenching and the possible involvement of ABA in the chemistry against photoinhibition at low temperature, the effect protection of PSII photochemistry from excessive radiation at being most pronounced at 10 -s M ABA. This was accompanied low temperatures. by higher photochemical quenching (qP) in ABA-treated leaves. A considerable increase (122%) in the amount of total carotenoids 2. Materials and methods and xanthophylls (antheraxanthin, violaxanthin and zeaxanthin) was also found in the seedlings subjected to ABA. The activity Seeds of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. cadette) were germinated of the xanthophyll cycle measured by the epoxidation state of for 3 days and grown in aqueous solutions of ABA (10 -5 M and 10-6 M) xanthophyUs under high-light treatment was higher in ABA- as in [23]. ABA treatments lasted 7 days. The solutions were changed treated plants compared with the control. This corresponds to a daily. -
Pitaia (Hylocereus Sp.): Uma Revisão Para O Brasil
Gaia Scientia (2014) Volume 8 (1): 90-98 Versão On line ISSN 1981-1268 http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/gaia/index Pitaia (Hylocereus sp.): Uma revisão para o Brasil Ernane Nogueira Nunes1*, Alex Sandro Bezerra de Sousa2, Camilla Marques de Lucena3, Silvanda de Melo Silva4, Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena5, Carlos Antônio Belarmino Alves6 e Ricardo Elesbão Alves7. 1Aluno de Pós Graduação (Mestrado) do Programa de Pós Graduação em Agronomia. Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus II. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Areia, Paraíba, Brasil. CEP: 58.397-000. 2Aluno de Graduação em Agronomia. Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus II. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Areia, Paraíba, Brasil. CEP: 58.397-000. e-mail: [email protected] 3Aluna de Pós Graduação (Doutorado) do Programa de Pós Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente. Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus I. João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil. CEP: 5801-970. e-mail: [email protected] 4Professora da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus II. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Departamento de Ciências Fundamentais e Sociais. Areia. Paraíba. Brasil. CEP: 58.397-000. e-mail: [email protected] 5Professor da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus II. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Departamento de Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais. Setor de Ecologia e Biodiversidade. Laboratório de Etnoecologia. Areia. Paraíba. Brasil. CEP: 58.397-000. e-mail: [email protected] 6Professor da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Centro de Humanidades. Guarabira, Paraíba, Brasil. CEP: 58.200-000. e-mail: [email protected] 7Pesquisadores da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária. EMBRAPA Agroindústria Tropical. Fortaleza. Ceará, Brasil. CEP: 60511-110. e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Artigo recebido em 17 janeiro 2013; aceito para publicação em 8 março 2014; publicado 12 março 2014 Resumo As espécies da família Cactaceae, possivelmente tiveram sua origem na América do Norte, Central e do Sul. -
Valorization of American Barrel-Shoot Wastes: Effect of Post Fermentative
molecules Article Valorization of American Barrel-Shoot Wastes: Effect of Post Fermentative Addition and Readdition on Phenolic Composition and Chromatic Quality of Syrah Red Wines Berta Baca-Bocanegra, Julio Nogales-Bueno y , José Miguel Hernández-Hierro * and Francisco José Heredia Food Color and Quality Laboratory, Section of Nutrition and Food Science, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; [email protected] (B.B.-B.); [email protected] (J.N.-B.); [email protected] (F.J.H.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-954-556-495; Fax: +34-954-556-110 Current address: Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, y Departamento de Fitotecnia, Apartado 94 7002-554 Évora, Portugal. Received: 15 January 2020; Accepted: 9 February 2020; Published: 11 February 2020 Abstract: The influence of post fermentative addition of American barrel-shoot wastes on phenolic composition and chromatic quality of Syrah red wines has been evaluated as an environmentally sustainable alternative to the conventional winemaking for avoiding the common color loss of red wines elaborated in warm climates. American oak wood byproducts added were previously classified by hyperspectral image analysis according to the amount of phenolic compounds transferred to the extraction media. After that, wines were elaborated under different maceration conditions by 1 applying only one proportion of wood (12 g L− ) and two different maceration procedures (simple and double addition) and were compared with a traditionally macerated Syrah red wine (CW, no wood addition). Results proved the effectiveness of the moderate postfermentative addition of oak wood byproducts to stabilize the color of wines and to provoke lower color modification along the time, producing color wines chromatically more stable for a better aging. -
Genetic Modification of Tomato with the Tobacco Lycopene Β-Cyclase Gene Produces High Β-Carotene and Lycopene Fruit
Z. Naturforsch. 2016; 71(9-10)c: 295–301 Louise Ralley, Wolfgang Schucha, Paul D. Fraser and Peter M. Bramley* Genetic modification of tomato with the tobacco lycopene β-cyclase gene produces high β-carotene and lycopene fruit DOI 10.1515/znc-2016-0102 and alleviation of vitamin A deficiency by β-carotene, Received May 18, 2016; revised July 4, 2016; accepted July 6, 2016 which is pro-vitamin A [4]. Deficiency of vitamin A causes xerophthalmia, blindness and premature death, espe- Abstract: Transgenic Solanum lycopersicum plants cially in children aged 1–4 [5]. Since humans cannot expressing an additional copy of the lycopene β-cyclase synthesise carotenoids de novo, these health-promoting gene (LCYB) from Nicotiana tabacum, under the control compounds must be taken in sufficient quantities in the of the Arabidopsis polyubiquitin promoter (UBQ3), have diet. Consequently, increasing their levels in fruit and been generated. Expression of LCYB was increased some vegetables is beneficial to health. Tomato products are 10-fold in ripening fruit compared to vegetative tissues. the most common source of dietary lycopene. Although The ripe fruit showed an orange pigmentation, due to ripe tomato fruit contains β-carotene, the amount is rela- increased levels (up to 5-fold) of β-carotene, with negli- tively low [1]. Therefore, approaches to elevate β-carotene gible changes to other carotenoids, including lycopene. levels, with no reduction in lycopene, are a goal of Phenotypic changes in carotenoids were found in vegeta- plant breeders. One strategy that has been employed to tive tissues, but levels of biosynthetically related isopre- increase levels of health promoting carotenoids in fruits noids such as tocopherols, ubiquinone and plastoquinone and vegetables for human and animal consumption is were barely altered. -
How to Improve the Functionality, Nutritional Value and Health
a ISSN 0101-2061 (Print) Food Science and Technology ISSN 1678-457X (Online) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.17721 How to improve the functionality, nutritional value and health properties of fermented milks added of fruits bioactive compounds: a review Amanda Alves PRESTES1, Maryella Osório VARGAS2, Cristiane Vieira HELM3, Erick Almeida ESMERINO4, Ramon SILVA4, Elane Schwinden PRUDENCIO1,2* Abstract Fermented milks, with diverse manufacturing, fermentations and specific strains, have been consumed around the world, with a millennial knowledge of their production. These dairy products have a potential nutritional value, taking food industries to invest, nowadays, in dairy products with a functional and healthy appeal due to the changes in the habits and diet of the population. The addition of natural ingredients from vegetables and fruits into fermented milks is a tendency nowadays. The inclusion of natural additives may change the texture, composition, sensory attributes and increase of the shelf life since some compounds are related to have a high antioxidant activity, which decreases the development of deteriorating microorganisms. These called bioactive compounds are synthesized by plants and also may contribute to the fermented milk formulation, in special from fruits, which increase the sensory acceptance. Several classes of fruits bioactive compounds are associated to several health benefits and are a base of many studies about functional fermented milks, reported in this review. This theory background becomes essential for future studies and dairy products development. Keywords: dairy products; functional food; natural additives; antioxidant activity; prebiotics. Practical Application: Potential functional properties of fermented milks added of fruit bioactive compounds. 1 Introduction The dairy products manufacturing is known since Foods with a functional appeal are those that, besides to antiquity, with the fermentation process as a traditional promote basic nutrients, when consumed in a routine, produce approach to food preservation. -
Studies on Betalain Phytochemistry by Means of Ion-Pair Countercurrent Chromatography
STUDIES ON BETALAIN PHYTOCHEMISTRY BY MEANS OF ION-PAIR COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY Von der Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften der Technischen Universität Carolo-Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig zur Erlangung des Grades einer Doktorin der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) genehmigte D i s s e r t a t i o n von Thu Tran Thi Minh aus Vietnam 1. Referent: Prof. Dr. Peter Winterhalter 2. Referent: apl. Prof. Dr. Ulrich Engelhardt eingereicht am: 28.02.2018 mündliche Prüfung (Disputation) am: 28.05.2018 Druckjahr 2018 Vorveröffentlichungen der Dissertation Teilergebnisse aus dieser Arbeit wurden mit Genehmigung der Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften, vertreten durch den Mentor der Arbeit, in folgenden Beiträgen vorab veröffentlicht: Tagungsbeiträge T. Tran, G. Jerz, T.E. Moussa-Ayoub, S.K.EI-Samahy, S. Rohn und P. Winterhalter: Metabolite screening and fractionation of betalains and flavonoids from Opuntia stricta var. dillenii by means of High Performance Countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) and sequential off-line injection to ESI-MS/MS. (Poster) 44. Deutscher Lebensmittelchemikertag, Karlsruhe (2015). Thu Minh Thi Tran, Tamer E. Moussa-Ayoub, Salah K. El-Samahy, Sascha Rohn, Peter Winterhalter und Gerold Jerz: Metabolite profile of betalains and flavonoids from Opuntia stricta var. dilleni by HPCCC and offline ESI-MS/MS. (Poster) 9. Countercurrent Chromatography Conference, Chicago (2016). Thu Tran Thi Minh, Binh Nguyen, Peter Winterhalter und Gerold Jerz: Recovery of the betacyanin celosianin II and flavonoid glycosides from Atriplex hortensis var. rubra by HPCCC and off-line ESI-MS/MS monitoring. (Poster) 9. Countercurrent Chromatography Conference, Chicago (2016). ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This PhD would not be done without the supports of my mentor, my supervisor and my family. -
Pigment Palette by Dr
Tree Leaf Color Series WSFNR08-34 Sept. 2008 Pigment Palette by Dr. Kim D. Coder, Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources, University of Georgia Autumn tree colors grace our landscapes. The palette of potential colors is as diverse as the natural world. The climate-induced senescence process that trees use to pass into their Winter rest period can present many colors to the eye. The colored pigments produced by trees can be generally divided into the green drapes of tree life, bright oil paints, subtle water colors, and sullen earth tones. Unveiling Overpowering greens of summer foliage come from chlorophyll pigments. Green colors can hide and dilute other colors. As chlorophyll contents decline in fall, other pigments are revealed or produced in tree leaves. As different pigments are fading, being produced, or changing inside leaves, a host of dynamic color changes result. Taken altogether, the various coloring agents can yield an almost infinite combination of leaf colors. The primary colorants of fall tree leaves are carotenoid and flavonoid pigments mixed over a variable brown background. There are many tree colors. The bright, long lasting oil paints-like colors are carotene pigments produc- ing intense red, orange, and yellow. A chemical associate of the carotenes are xanthophylls which produce yellow and tan colors. The short-lived, highly variable watercolor-like colors are anthocyanin pigments produc- ing soft red, pink, purple and blue. Tannins are common water soluble colorants that produce medium and dark browns. The base color of tree leaf components are light brown. In some tree leaves there are pale cream colors and blueing agents which impact color expression. -
Rationale on the High Radical Scavenging Capacity of Betalains
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/206111 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2021-09-28 and may be subject to change. antioxidants Article Rationale on the High Radical Scavenging Capacity of Betalains Karina K. Nakashima y and Erick L. Bastos * Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil * Correspondence: [email protected] Current address: Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, y 6525 XZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Received: 17 June 2019; Accepted: 11 July 2019; Published: 13 July 2019 Abstract: Betalains are water-soluble natural pigments of increasing importance as antioxidants for pharmaceutical use. Although non-phenolic betalains have lower capacity to scavenge radicals compared to their phenolic analogues, both classes perform well as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents in vivo. Here we show that meta-hydroxyphenyl betalain (m-OH-pBeet) and phenylbetalain (pBeet) show higher radical scavenging capacity compared to their N-methyl iminium analogues, in which proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) from the imine nitrogen atom is precluded. The 1,7-diazaheptamethinium system was found to be essential for the high radical scavenging capacity of betalains and concerted PCET is the most thermodynamically favorable pathway for their one-electron oxidation. The results provide useful insights for the design of nature-derived redox mediators based on the betalain scaffold. Keywords: betalain; antioxidant; radical scavenger; natural pigments; redox mediator 1.