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Lecture 3 – ITUM/DIS 102 Lecture 3 – ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 2/20/2017 Part I Learning outcome •Understanding on CAD and its advantages •Learn about the basic operation of AutoCAD •To have an idea to use AutoCAD for engineering drawing. ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 2/23/2017 Content ◦ Introduction to CAD ◦ Introduction to AutoCAD ◦ Evolution of AutoCAD ◦ Self assessment ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Engineering drawing : ◦ A type of technical drawing of an engineered item. ◦ It is also a graphical language ◦ A drawing can be done using freehand, instruments or computer methods. ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Drawing Approaches : ◦ Freehand - For centuries, all engineering drawing was done manually by using pencil and pen on paper or other substrate. ◦ Using instruments - The drawings are usually Traditional Traditional Approach made to scale by using instruments to draw straight lines, circles, and curves concisely and accurately. CAD ◦ Using computer - After the World War II the advent of computer-aided design (CAD), engineering drawing has been done more and more in the electronic medium ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Traditional approach Pencils Sharpener Eraser T - square Compass Triangles Erasing Circle Shield Templates Adhesive Tape ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 CAD (Computer Aided Design ) approach : ◦ The use of computer systems in tasks like creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of an engineering design is known as CAD or CADD (for Computer Aided Design and Drafting). ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Uses of CAD ◦ As an industrial art ◦ CAD is one part of the whole Digital Product Development (DPD) activity in Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) . ◦ Used in DCC (digital content creation) ◦ Use geometrical drawings ◦ Fashion CAD software -used to show how the clothing will fit and move ◦ Landscapers use CAD software to conceptualize creations. ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 CAD software Commercial Freeware and open CAD Kernels * source AutoCAD LibreCAD Parasolid by Siemens Inventor FreeCAD ACIS by Spatial CATIA OpenSCAD ShapeManager by Autodesk * The kernel is the code that determines how the image render on the screen is actually described with math. ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Advantage of using CAD in Engineering ◦ Gives time saving support ◦ Visualizing a model using different views ◦ Database of Drawing Aids ◦ Improve efficiency ◦ Simulation and testing facility ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 AutoCAD : ◦ A CAD software -Capable of 2D and 3D drawing. ◦ Learning AutoCAD is like learning a new language. (AutoCAD®2010) ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 AutoCAD History: ◦ Released in December 1982 as a desktop application. ◦ The first CAD system developed for PCs ◦ A commercial CAD software - By March 1986, AutoCAD had become the most widely used design application worldwide. ◦ Developed and marketed by Autodesk – Founder was John Walker with 15 co-founders. Started in 1982. ◦ By 2014 there has been 31 versions since the first release. ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Start AutoCAD : 1. Click on AutoCAD icon on the desktop. 2. Select AutoCAD option on the Program menu 3. Use search facility of the OS. ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/02/2017 AutoCAD2005 - Interface ITUM/DIS 102 ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N SWArachchige 02/02/2017 AutoCAD2010 - Interface ITUM/DIS 102 ITUM/DIS 102 ByMs N SW Arachchige 02/02/2017 Three options to start drawing in AutoCAD: 1. Template - Starts a drawing based on a drawing template file. 2. Wizard - Sets up a drawing using a step-by-step guide this can choose from two wizards: Quick Setup and Advanced Setup. 3. From scratch - Starts an empty drawing using default imperial or metric setting. ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Steps to create a new drawing from sketch: File >> New >> “Select template” dialog box Select file type as “Drawing(*.dwg)” >> Click on “Open” button. >> Then select required measuring system Open new drawing >> screen ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Important facts on drawing screen: ◦ AutoCAD opened the graphics window using the default system units and assigned the drawing name Drawing1.dwg ◦ New drawing file automatically assigns generic name – DrawingX.dwg ◦ When saving a drawing this default name can be replaced. ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Steps to save a new drawing: File >> Save >> “Save Document As” dialog box ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Steps to open a saved drawing: File >> Open>> “Select File” dialog box ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/02/2017 Basic Drawing commands: Drawing commands: Line, Point, Circle, Arc, Ellipse, Pline, polygon, Hatch, Bhatch, Dtext Utility commands: Redraw: Refreshes the program and re-displays the graphics on the screen. Save: Saves all current changes and drawings to be saved to the disk. End: Finishes the current session, saves the work, and takes back to AutoCAD’s main menu. Quit: Finishes the current session, but does NOT save the changes ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Function keys: Key Function F1 Help F2 Text/Graphics window F6 Coordinates on/off F7 Grid on/off F8 Ortho on/off F9 Snap on/off F10 Tablet on/off ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Shortcut Keys: Key Function Ctrl + B Snap on/off Ctrl + C Cancel Ctrl + D Coordinates on/off Ctrl + G Grid on/off Ctrl + O Ortho on/off Ctrl + T Tablet on/off ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Options to give commands in AutoCAD: ◦ By typing ◦ Using pull down menus ◦ Using toolbars ◦ Esc key is use to cancel a command ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Official Name Date of release Official Name Date of release AutoCAD Version 1.0 1982, December AutoCAD 2009 2008, March AutoCAD Version 2.0 1984, October AutoCAD 2010 2009, March 24 AutoCAD 2000 1999, March AutoCAD 2011 2010, March 25 AutoCAD 2000i 2000, July AutoCAD 2012 2011, March 22 AutoCAD 2002 2001, June AutoCAD 2013 2012, March 27 AutoCAD 2004 2003, March AutoCAD 2014 2013, March 26 AutoCAD 2005 2004, March AutoCAD 2015 2014, March 27 AutoCAD 2006 2005, March AutoCAD 2016 2015, March 23 AutoCAD 2007 2006, March AutoCAD 2017 2016, March 21 AutoCAD 2008 2007, March AutoCAD 2018 2017, __/__ ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Part II Learning outcome •Good understanding about the essential drawing settings. •Understand the coordinate system in AutoCAD. •Develop skills to use AutoCAD help facility. ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 2/23/2017 Content ◦ AutoCAD Drawing standards ◦ Coordinate system ◦ AutoCAD help ◦ Self assessment ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/23/2017 Set up a drawing standards : ◦ It is needed to set some AutoCAD variables, options and parameters to own values before starting a drawing. ◦ There are literally hundreds of these settings and options. ◦ It is best to set these options first and then save empty drawing as a template (*.dwt). ◦ Then start a new drawing with this template as your options (standards) are already set. ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/02/2017 Gridlimits - The default grid display boundary Imperial units A new drawing based on the imperial measurement system =>Gridlimits is 12 x 9 inches. Metric units A new drawing based on the metric measurement system => Gridlimits is 420 x 290 millimetres. ** Note that default setting for AutoCAD is Imperial. ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/02/2017 A workspace ◦ AutoCAD provides a task-oriented drawing environment. ◦ It comprise with only the tools and interface elements necessary to accomplish the tasks relevant to that environment. ◦ By default, AutoCAD has four workspace configurations: 2D Drafting & Annotation 3D Modeling AutoCAD Classic Initial Setup Workspace Tools >> Workspaces >>Select one from four ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/02/2017 Drawing Area Setup Setting the Drawing Limits controls the extents of the display of the grid. It also serves as a visual reference that marks the working area. Format >>Drawing Limits >> The command line displays : “Reset Model Space Press enter to accept default coordinates << Limits: Specify >> lower left corner or [On/Off] The command line displays : <0.00,0.00>:” ““Specify upper right corner >> Press enter to accept default coordinates <12.00,9.00>:” ** Note that this setting does not limit the region for geometry construction. Press Grid button on status bar and [View] >>[Zoom] >>[All] to see the change Some settings that commonly stored in template files: ◦ Unit type/formats and precision ◦ Drawing limits ◦ Snap, Grid and Ortho mode settings ◦ Layer organisation ◦ Title blocks, boarders and logos ◦ Dimension styles ◦ Text styles ◦ Line types ** It is possible to open an existing drawing (*.dwg) and use it as a template. ITUM/DIS 102 By Ms N S W Arachchige 02/02/2017 Determine the system of units within the system before creating the first geometric entities. To set the units format and precision Application button >> Drawing Units >> Drawing Units dialog box, under Length, select a unit format and precision >> Click OK. ◦ The Sample Output area shows an example of the unit format at the current precision.
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