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Phytoplankton Pigments: Characterization, Chemotaxonomy and Applications in Oceanography Edited by Suzanne Roy, Carole A Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00066-7 - Phytoplankton Pigments: Characterization, Chemotaxonomy and Applications in Oceanography Edited by Suzanne Roy, Carole A. Llewellyn, Einar Skarstad Egeland and Geir Johnsen Index More information Index bold = tables; italics = figures; underline = data sheet abscisic acid (ABA), 138 Acaryochloris marina, 101 formation, 132, 139 Acaryochloris sp., 14 abscisic aldehyde, 139 accessory pigments absorption role in light absorption, 509 by non-fluorescent PSI and PPC, 518 Acidiphilium rubrum,81 by non-phytoplankton particles, 520 Advanced Laser Fluorometer (ALF) by pigments, 547 active fluorescence in situ sensors, 546 airborne sensor, 562 absorption coefficient aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria, chlorophyll a, 367 183, 610 chlorophyll b, 367 HPLC pigment method, 181 in vivo airborne remote sensing measurement problems, 504 advantages, 561 of cellular matter for phytoplankton (acm), 500 Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer optical properties, 497 (AVIRIS), 561 peak value, with no package effect, 509 Akashiwo sanguinea (¼ Gymnodinium sanguineum) pigment calibration, 212 red tide absorption cross-section mycosporine-like amino acids, 418 PSII reaction centres, 519 ALA-synthase, 88 absorption fingerprints, 555 induction, 88 absorption properties of algal cells Alexandrium excavatum (= A. tamarense) interference from other particles, 505 mycosporine-like amino acids, 418 absorption spectrum Alexandrium sp. analysis by multivariate techniques, 343, 344 mycosporine-like amino acids, 417 decomposition into Gaussian bands, 506 pigment signature, 565 decomposition into Gaussian–Lorentzian Alexandrium tamarense curves, 507 induction of mycosporine-like amino acids, 424 deconvolution of the spectrum, 508 mycosporine-like amino acids, 425 fourth-derivative analysis, 506 nitrogen starvation in vivo phytoplankton, 496 mycosporine-glycine, 426 neural network methods, 507 toxic and non-toxic strains, 618 pigment information retrieval, 506 algae principal component analysis classification, 4, 9, 11 partial least-squares regression, 507 pigment perspective, 5 ratio of photoprotective carotenoids to protistan perspective, 4 light-harvesting pigments, 507 freshwater, 6, 16, 17, 22, 24, 30, 34, 40 reconstruction using pigments, 508 heterokont, 9, 18 stepwise discriminant analysis, 506 Algae Online Analyser (AOA), 556 823 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00066-7 - Phytoplankton Pigments: Characterization, Chemotaxonomy and Applications in Oceanography Edited by Suzanne Roy, Carole A. Llewellyn, Einar Skarstad Egeland and Geir Johnsen Index More information 824 Index algal bloom, 32, 33, 37 apoprotein, 375, 383 optical monitoring, 538 apparent optical properties (AOP), 546 spatial scale applied phycology, 618 airborne remote sensing, 561 Archaeplastida, 4, 5 algal classes Arctic Ocean, 22 pigment characteristics, 45 ARGO floats algal cultures bio-optical instruments, 558 as authentic sources of pigments, 653 Arthrospira maxima reference for new algal classes and pigments, ketocarotenoids, 135 654 astaxanthin, 42, 44, 129, 136, 138, 732 algal ketolase gene (bkt), 135 commercial interest, 135, 619 algal resting stages formation, 130 secondary carotenoids, 129 LC-MS/MS Algal_2 product loss of toluene, 331 remote sensing for Case II waters, 549 Nannochloropsis sp., 136 allophycocyanin, 14, 15, 16, 17, 525 synthesis from zeaxanthin, 135 absorption spectrum, 384 synthesis from b,b-carotene, 135 spectroscopy, 384 astaxanthin esters allophycocyanin (APC), 378 in dinoflagellates and krill alloxanthin, 34, 35, 37, 144, 258, 261, 565, 728 LC-MS/MS, 334 all-trans-lycopene, 124, 125 in lipid globules in snow algae, 525 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), 81 atmospheric correction C4þ1 pathway, 88 for remote sensing of ocean colour data, C5 pathway, 88 559 formation, 83 ATP production ammonium acetate buffer in photosynthesis, 523 allomerization problem, 175 attenuation coefficient, 546 Amphidinium carterae, 37, 134 apparent optical properties, 546 peridinin optical properties, 497 PCP and ACP, 525 Aurearenophyceae, 23 xanthophyll formation, 135 Aureococcus sp., 25 Amphidinium klebsii Aureoumbra sp., 25 pigment ratios, 296 auroxanthin, 734 Anabaena sp. autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), 559, myxol-rhamnoside, 138 567, 617 Anabaena variabilis, 129 anomalous diffraction approximation, 500 Bacillariophyceae, 18, 20, See also diatom anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria, 102 Chl c-containing phytoplankton, 497 aromatic carotenoids, 128 xanthophyll cycle, 450 antheraxanthin, 20, 23, 24, 40, 42, 44, 131, 134, backscattering, 505 524, 663, 730 backscattering coefficient, 548 relationship with fluorescence quenching, 453 bacteriochlorin, 79 xanthophyll cycle, 450 bacteriochlorophyll, 79, 609 antioxidant bchE gene, 94 carotenoids, 619 BChl-synthase antioxidant enzyme bchG gene, 99, 100 promoted by abscisic acid, 139 biosynthesis, 611 Apedinella sp., 24 chlorin reductase aphanizophyll, 13 bchX, bchY, bchZ genes, 99 apocarotenoid HPLC method, 183 enzymatic cleavage of carotenoids, 138 HPLC pigment analysis, 182 b-8-apocarotenal, 144 LC-MS, 314 b-apo-100-carotenal LC-MS/MS, 322, 324 formation, 143 APCI, 328 b-apo-100-carotenol, 143 multivariate spectrofluorometric b-apo-13-carotenone, 143 methods, 353 formation, 143 structure, 81 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00066-7 - Phytoplankton Pigments: Characterization, Chemotaxonomy and Applications in Oceanography Edited by Suzanne Roy, Carole A. Llewellyn, Einar Skarstad Egeland and Geir Johnsen Index More information Index 825 bacteriochlorophyll a, 81, 259, 675 blue light, 425 formation, 99 Bolidomonas mediterranea,22 HPLC method, 179 Bolidomonas pacifica,22 mass spectrometry, 94 Bolidophyceae, 18, 22, See also bolidophyte oligotrophic oceans, 610 bolidophyte, 18, 20, 22 bacteriochlorophyll c, 81, 101 pigment markers, 259 pigment analysis problems, 183 xanthophyll cycle, 131 bacteriochlorophyll d, 81, 101 Botrydium sp., 30 bacteriochlorophyll e, 81, 101 Botryococcus braunii LC-MS/MS, 323 harmful algae bacteriochlorophyll g,81 freshwater systems, 566 bacteriochlorophyll g0, 101 Brevebuster, 566 bacteriochlorophyll oxidation products brown algae LC-MS/MS, 328 abscisic acid, 139 bacteriopheophytin a, 102 xanthophyll cycle, 131 bacteriopheophytin b, 102 buoys bacteriophytochlorin for in situ optical instruments, 555 absorption bands, 81 190-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin, 20, 24, 34, 37, 259, 736 Baltic Sea cyanobacteria C:chlorophyll a ratio, 480 CHEMTAX, 299 satellite-derived estimate, 484 phytoplankton pigments C:N ratio spectral in vivo fluorescence 344 using HR-MAS-NMR, 615 benthic diatom C5-pathway UV-damaged xanthophyll cycle, 458 aminolevulinic acid formation, 83 benthic microalgae (microphytobenthos) caloxanthin, 137, 138, 738 extraction efficiency Camptothecium sp., 89 sediment-to-solvent volume, 630 canthaxanthin, 13, 24, 37, 129, 130, 144, 740 extraction of pigments, 631 formation, 136 bilins, 375 Nannochloropsis sp., 136 dimethylesters CaroteNature, 659 hydrolysis conditions, 397 carotene preparation conditions, 397 biosynthesis, 114 biliprotein, 13, 375, 376, 378, 392 formation of aromatic types, 128 absorption compared between native and LC-MS/MS, 331 denatured, 387 a-carotene. See b,ε-carotene conformation, 382 b,b-carotene, 13, 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, cryptophyte 26, 28, 29, 30, 32, 34, 37, 39, 40, 42, 44, variety of chromophores, 383 113, 718 b-subunits, 378 formation, 114, 127 denaturation, 388 LC-MS/MS, 331 diagnostic characteristics, 399 ESI, 329 phytochromes, 378 outside thylakoid membranes, 524 regulation of tetrapyrrole, 390 slow-responding photoprotective carotenoid, subunits isolation, 393 524 used as labelling tool, 613 xanthophyll formation, 134 biliverdin (BV) b,ε-carotene, 15, 17, 35, 37, 39, 42, 126, 127, isolation procedure, 396 134, 720 biliverdin IXa, 382 formation, 114 biofuel b,c-carotene, 37, 42, 44, 126, 137, microalgae, 618 144, 722 biomass normalization, 449 b-carotene ketolase (BKT), 136 bio-optical algorithm, 546 g-carotene. See b,c-carotene regionally-specific, 567 ε,ε-carotene, 25, 724 bio-optical characteristics of phytoplankton, 496 c, c-carotene, See also lycopene bloom dynamics carotenogenesis, 113, 114 changes in bio-optical properties, 558 in cyanobacteria, 144 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00066-7 - Phytoplankton Pigments: Characterization, Chemotaxonomy and Applications in Oceanography Edited by Suzanne Roy, Carole A. Llewellyn, Einar Skarstad Egeland and Geir Johnsen Index More information 826 Index carotenoid Chaetoceros sp. biosynthesis, 113 number of chloroplasts, 446 formation of cyclic carotenes, 126 chemometric methods degradation, 138 full spectrum techniques, 343 in algal resting spores, 611 multi-component analysis, 343 in eyespot, 611 chemotaxonomic marker, 56 in light-harvesting complexes of algae compared chemotaxonomic method, 262 to higher plants, 524 Bayesian compositional estimator (BCE), 264 LC-MS CHEMTAX, 262 APCI and ESI, 329 cluster analysis, 289 FAB ionisation, 329 environmental data, 289 ionisation methods, 329 excel solver, 262 LC-MS/MS, 330 flow cytometry and flowCAM, 289 photodegradation fluorometry, 289 in cyanobacteria, 144 interpretation of pigment data, 289 photoprotective, 247, 294, 445, 497 inverse simultaneous equation, 262 fast responding, 524 microscopy, 289 light-harvesting
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