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Moonlight Fire Restoration Strategy

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Moonlight Fire Restoration Strategy MOONLIGHT FIRE RESTORATION STRATEGY USDA Forest Service Plumas National Forest Version 1.0 August 17, 2013 Executive Summary In July of 2012, the U.S. Forest Service received a settlement for the 2007 Moonlight Fire that included the collective sum of 55 million dollars and the transfer of 22,500 acres of private land. Fire settlement funds received by the Forest Service for restoration of the affected area provide a unique opportunity to restore ecosystem health, function and resilience. This Fire Restoration Strategy outlines current and desired conditions to provide both a framework and target for restoration efforts; it also defines specific goals and objectives to focus restoration activities on resources affected by the Moonlight Fire. The Moonlight Fire burned approximately 65,000 acres of National Forest System and private lands; over half of these acres burned at high severity. This had both direct and indirect impacts on a broad suite of ecological and cultural resources. As a result, the restoration goals, objectives, and activities proposed in this strategy are equally as broad; proposals range from maintaining and enhancing late seral forest habitat conditions for wildlife to restoring degraded stream conditions and engaging local communities and schools in fire restoration. Restoration strategies for many of the resources focus on areas or values directly impacted by the Moonlight Fire; for others it is necessary to consider the effects of the Moonlight Fire in the context of the broader landscape. The spatial and temporal effects of the Moonlight Fire provide the appropriate ecological context to assess the direct, indirect and cumulative impacts on ecological values and services. The process to restore lost resources is proposed, as are measures to preserve the nearest adjacent values as a surrogate until the original area is restored. It is ecologically appropriate to identify and link restoration opportunities both inside and outside of the Moonlight Fire, but within the affected area. This Fire Restoration strategy does not initiate, authorize, or implement any site-specific project activities. Rather, it provides a framework for restoration of natural resources, ecological processes, and human values affected by the Moonlight Fire. The overarching goal of restoration in the Moonlight Fire area is to maintain, create, and promote healthy and resilient systems, which are better prepared for changing climates and human use patterns. This strategy resembles a Landscape Assessment with a focus on a single event, the Moonlight Fire, and its effects. The affected area is tailored within each scientific discipline to natural features as defined by natural processes. The desired conditions, goals, and objectives show the needed restoration foci while proposed projects for the upcoming Fiscal Year are described in Appendix B. Proposals will be developed and submitted annually using the template provided in Appendix A to define specific projects for the following year. i Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Landscape Condition .................................................................................................................... 2 2.0 Restoration Strategy Framework ..................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Ecological Restoration: Guiding Principles ................................................................................... 4 2.2 Fire Settlement Funds ................................................................................................................... 4 2.3 Strategy Goals and Objectives ...................................................................................................... 5 2.4 Strategy Framework ..................................................................................................................... 6 3.0 Past and Present Ecological Conditions ......................................................................................... 7 3.1 Current and Probable Future Climate Trends .............................................................................. 7 3.2 Past and Present Vegetation Conditions: Conifer Forest ........................................................... 13 3.3 Past and Present Vegetation Conditions: Hardwood Forest ...................................................... 31 3.4 Past and Present Vegetation Conditions: Montane and Mixed Chaparral ................................ 32 3.5 Past and Present Vegetation Conditions: Meadow, Fen, Aspen and Riparian Vegetation ........ 33 3.6 Past and Present Vegetation Conditions: Unique Botanical Resources ..................................... 40 3.7 Past and Present Invasive Species Conditions ............................................................................ 46 3.8 Past and Present Fire and Fuels Conditions ............................................................................... 50 3.9 Past and Present Wildlife Habitat Conditions ............................................................................ 60 3.10 Past and Present Aquatic Conditions ......................................................................................... 75 3.11 Past and Present Range Conditions ............................................................................................ 81 3.12 Past and Present Soil Resources Conditions ............................................................................... 86 3.13 Past and Present Hydrological Conditions .................................................................................. 91 4.0 Past and Present Human Resource Conditions ...................................................................... 101 4.1 Past and Present Cultural Conditions ....................................................................................... 101 4.2 Past and Present Tribal Relations ............................................................................................. 116 4.3 Past and Present Recreation Conditions .................................................................................. 117 4.4 Past and Present Education and Outreach Conditions ............................................................. 123 4.5 Past and Present Conditions: Facilities and Infrastructure ...................................................... 124 4.6 Past and Present Mining Conditions ......................................................................................... 127 5.0 Ecological Resources Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ................................... 127 5.1 Conifer Forest Vegetation Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives .................................... 128 5.2 Hardwood Forest Vegetation Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ............................... 138 ii 5.3 Montane and Mixed Chaparral Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ............................ 140 5.4 Meadow, Fen, Aspen and Riparian Vegetation Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives .... 141 5.5 Unique Botanical Resources Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ................................. 144 5.6 Invasive Species Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives .................................................... 146 5.7 Fire and Fuels Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ....................................................... 149 5.8 Wildlife Habitat Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives .................................................... 149 5.9 Aquatic Species Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ..................................................... 156 5.10 Range Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives .................................................................... 157 5.11 Soil Resource Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ........................................................ 159 5.12 Hydrology Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ............................................................. 161 6.0 Human Resources Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ......................................... 163 6.1 Cultural Resource Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ................................................. 163 6.2 Tribal Relations Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ..................................................... 164 6.3 Recreation Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ............................................................ 165 6.4 Education and Outreach Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ....................................... 168 6.5 Facilities and Infrastructure Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives.................................. 169 6.6 Mining Desired Conditions, Goals, and Objectives ................................................................... 171 7.0 Monitoring and Inventory .............................................................................................................. 171 7.1 Integrated Vegetation Monitoring Goals ................................................................................. 172 7.2 Conifer Forest Monitoring ........................................................................................................ 173 7.3 Hardwood Forest Monitoring ................................................................................................... 173 7.4 Meadow, Fen, Aspen and Riparian Vegetation
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