1106 HEREFORDSHIRE. [XELLY's (Minius of Spain); but It Is Likely That Some of the Camps Some That Are Peculiar
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
1106 HEREFORDSHIRE. [XELLY'S (Minius of Spain); but it is likely that some of the camps some that are peculiar. These are-ton, ham, hampton, and barrows commonly thought to be Welsh are Iberian. hope, wood, dingle, croft, field, moor, cob or cop, knoll, About the year 73 Julius Frontinus overcame the Silu knap, grove, coombe, elt and nett, den, don, holm, hyde, rians and took Herefordshire; and by the Romans it was lea, leasow, hay, lye, heath, end, land, brook, well, hall verythickly peopled. The Silurians seem to have lost their and house. nationality under the Romans and to have become Roman Among other "Words are rough, for a common; yard, in ized. The land was covered with Roman ways, towns and Penyard, Bromyard &c.; rise, for a hill, hill side,or knoll; villages. Watling Street pa83ed by Brandon and Wigmore ward, in Broadward; rich, in Goodrich: rey, in Cobrey; to Kenchester, and by way of Madley, Kingstone and Dore wardine, in Lugwardine; meend, nash, batch and bage (not to Abergavenny. bach), as in Mowbage; tree or trey ; pole as in Yarpole. Many Roman sites' have been identified by coins and Scarce words are scar, thorne, horne, worth, some, stow, remains, but others are only known by their names. Among by, stoke, how, stay, lynch, sitch, chart, holt, hurst, marsh, the recognizable Roman roads and ways besides Watling pitch, head, water, dine, acre, eye. Street, are the Ridgway, Greenway, Stanway, Garway, There is The Folly at Orleto and Eardisland, and in some Streekway, Barkway, Crossway, Trollway, Portway, Hear other places ; but the name is not so common as in some ingway, Whiteway, Holloway, Hur8tway, Ridway, Godway, other shires. Stradway, Blackway, Joraway, Storridge, Ockeridge, Col There is a Cockshoot or Cockshut at Dewchurch, Down, ridge, Mintridge and Awkeridge. Abbey Dore and Putley; at Orcop, is Cockshed Wood. The Roman towns and villages include Hereford, Much is used for great in many names, as, Much Birch, Broughton, Burcott, Coldborough, Burton, Cowborough, Much Dewchurch, Much Marcle &c Welchester, Overton, Stratford, Mordiford, Sandford, Wal By is found only in three or four names. Stow, stoke ford, Stanford, Ryford, Paunsford, Boresford, Walford, and worth are rarer here than in the south-west. There i8 Twyford, Ford, Longford, Stapleton, Overtown, Overbury, no wich, and about ten wicks. There are many Hamptons. St1'etton Sugwas, Wa1'eham, Eastnor, B1'adno1', Dadnor, .Burnthouse is not very common. Tidnor, Chadnor, Henno1', Kenchester (according to Cam Many places end in son, as in Wyson, Catson, Lewson &c. den the Ariconium). There is a Furlong at Richard's Castle and Little Hereford, The Roman camps and military stations have given name and Hound's Furlong at Middleton. to Bower (at Bridstow, HoIrne, Lacey, Kilpeck),.Arbour Hill Peculiar names are Mileshiggins, Pennyplock, Strick (Ross), Harbour (Good1'ich), Shady Bower, Lady Hal'boUl". stenning, Scatterbrain, Bargeains, Chilsons Orts, The On the withdrawal of the Roman soldiers, the Welsh Stitches, Hodghatch, Goodshop, Queestmoor, Quell, The became masters of Britain, but were only a short time Queach, The Quob, The Yeld, Yare, The Wytch, The Plock, independent in East Herefordshire, which was taken by the The Slade, Sough, Slatch, Turningways, Twizling, Cold English, settled by them, and brought within the bounds manhill. of the great commonwealth or kingdom of Mercia, or the Hall and house are common enough names for dwellings, Mid Angles. As early as 680 a synod was held at Hereford. and among the latter names are barton, manor, court, It shortly took the name of Herefordshire, from its head grange. town. Of the Normans there are remains in Hereford Cathedral, Offa the Great, king of the Middle English, threw up a the splendid chancel arch of Shobdon, Kilpeck, Leominster, great wall called Offa's Dyke, beyond which, if any Welsh Abbey Dore. man were found, his right hand was cut off. Herefordshire being a frontier county and within the In 8I9 the Danes became masters of Mercia, and made marches of Wales, thereare considerable interesting remains Kenulf king; but it again fell under the sway of the West of castles and fortified houses, as Brampton Bryan, Bransil, Saxon kings, and became part of the great kingdom of the Goodrich, Longtown, Pembridge, Snodhill, Wigmore, Clif English. Being on the borders or Marches of Wales, it was, ford and Wilton Castles. Among fortified houses may be whether under English, Danish, or Norman lords, always mentioned Stepleton, Urishay, Eardisley, Kinnersley, and at war with the neighbouring Welsh. many others. In I46I the battle of Mortimer's Cross was fought here, between the Earl of. March and the Earl of Pembroke, when The Superintendent Registrar's districts are ;- Owen Tudor was taken prisoner. In I645 and 1646, the ----,-------- city of Hereford was taken by the Royalists, but in the No. Name. Area. Pop. 1881. latter year it was won back for the Parliament by Sir William WaIler. There is only one Cold Harbour in this shire-namely, at Ivington. The only Coneygree, or Coneygore, is at 337 Ledbury............... 48,783 12,605 Eastnor. There is an Old Gore at Yatton. There are 338 Ross .................................... 55,571 16,369 many places which have the prefix Cold, commonly applied 339 Hereford............... 144,991 43,094 34° Weobley ................ 48,959 8,179 to Roman sites. There is a Hunger Hill at St. Weonard's • and at Sugwas, and a Hungerstone. 341 Bromyard ............ 61,659 II,055 There aremany places under the terms Broomhill, Brom-. 342 Leominster .. ................ 64,416 I4,648 ley, Brampton &c. supposed by some to refer to Roman 343 Kington .................. 94,762 12,I97 occupations. Of ancient sites of uncertain origin there are many. The following list gives the several poOl' law unions, with There is a Bury at Orcop, Richard's Castle, Pembridge, the parishes in each. Eye, Monkland, Dinder, Weston-under-Penyard, Wigmore, Much Marcle and Hope-under-Dinmore. Other Buries are BROMYARD UNION. Bilbury, Kilbury, Kinbury, Thornbury, Croft Ambury, Orumplebury, Aconbury, Whittlebury, Bredenbury, Aven Acton Beauchamp(Worcester) Morton J efferies bury, Ledbury, Risbury, Newbury, Bosbury and Woodbury. Avenburv• Much Cowarne All of these places are older than the English invasion, Bishops Frome Norton with Brockhampton and many of them Roman. There is a barrow at Cradley. Bredenbury Ocle Pitchard There are barrows or lows under the names of Radlow, Brounyard Pencoll1be Gillow, Marlow, Warlow, Winslow, Wolferlow, Callow, Collington Saltmarsh Bradlow, Hidelow, Shylow, Catlow, Docklow and Little Cradley Stanford Bishop Lowe. Tump is a peculiar term for barrow hills in the Edvin Loach (Worcester) Stoke Lacy western shires. In Herefordshire it is found in Warmelow Edvin Ralph Tedstone Delamere Tump, Minsclose Tump, Ant Tump, Castle Tump, Chapel Evesbatch Tedstone Wafer Tump, Gallows Tump, Cockyard Tump, and in the Tumps Felton Thornbury with Netherwood at Bolston, Holme Lacy and Hope Manse!. Grendon Bishop Ullingswick In the parish of Dorstone is a Cromlech, called Arthur's Grendon Warren Upper Sapey seat, a monnment perhaps older than the Iberians and Hampton Charles Wacton Celts. Linton Whitbourne There are many camps and entrenchments. Little Oowarne Winslow Of the Welsh sway there are few traces elsewhere than in Lower Brockhall1pton Wolferlow West Herefordshire, where many of the names of places and Lower Sapey (Worcester) many of the people are Welsh. Among the English clans which are recognized as having DaRE UNION. taken partin the settlement arethe Willing, Billing,Hunting, Abbey Dore Kenderchurch Holling, Bulling, Balling, Donning, Burring, CoIling, Bacton Kentchurch Brocking, Tibbing, Nupping, Sparring, Manning, Nunning, Crasswall Kilpeck Codding and Wassing. Dulas Kingstone The topographical nomenclature of Herefordshire derived Ewyas Harold Llancillo from the first English settlers has the usual terms, and Grosmont (Monmouth) Llangua (Monmouth).