December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37489 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1985 ANNUAL REPORT ON THE 100-percent funding from the Federal Gov­ sense of the Congress that, among other HIGHWAY SAFETY IMPROVE­ ernment. When they do not, that is to say things, American institutions in the public MENT PROGRAMS when they undertake projects whose bene­ and private sectors should jointly develop fit-to-cost ratio is less than l, States and lo­ commitments and a plan to end world HON. JAMES A. TRAFICANT, JR. calities will receive Federal sharing based hunger. As a cosponsor of this bill, I OF OHIO on the Federal-aid road system being im­ strongly urge my colleagues to give it their IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES proved (lnterstate-90 percent; other sys­ support. tems-75 percent) Our passing this resolution today gives Monday, December 16, 1985 Through this new initiative, the Con­ recognition to the problem of world hunger Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, I rise gress' and the Committee on Public Works and helps to heighten public awareness of today to introduce a bill that is designed to and Transportation's traditional focus on the need for everyone to pull together and encourage State and local governments to and commitment to road safety can be con­ help. It's easy to pass a bill to spend hun­ initiate road safety improvement projects tinued and expanded in a highly responsi­ dreds of millions of our tax dollars to fight that will produce maximum cost/benefit re­ ble and effective way during this period of world hunger. But what we really need to turns to the motoring public. To accom­ budgetary concern. This is so because do is to create an attitude of cooperation plish this when the project undertaken is of funds allocated to projects eligible for sec­ and a lasting framework for getting the the type that evaluation studies of the Fed­ tion 120(d) moneys have already been ap­ private sector directly involved in our ef­ eral Highway Administration's Highway portioned to the States from the highway forts. Safety Evaluation System have shown gen­ trust fund. This legislation will simply When world hunger is mentioned, erally produce cost/benefit ratios equal to assure that obligations under this provision thoughts of Ethiopia and other poor Third or greater than 1.0 per dollar invested, the will produce the greatest benefits to the World countries come to mind. I support Federal share of such project may be 100 motoring public for each dollar invested. efforts to help the people in those coun­ percent. For the forgoing reasons, I urge every tries, but we sometimes seem to forget that The Office of Highway Safety of the Fed­ Member of Congress interested in road there are many people within our own bor­ eral Highway Administration in its 1985 safety and cost-effectiveness to support this ders who need help. One doesn't normally Annual Report on the Highway Safety Im­ bill, the Highway Safety Initiative Act. think about the Midwest when talking provement Programs published a chart TABLE 111-14.-HIGHWAY SAFETY IMPROVEMENTS WITH about hunger, but the crisis in the farm (table 111-14-pg 37) listing those highway economy is forcing more and more people BENEFIT/COST RATIOS EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN 1 safety improvements with benefit to cost in Iowa to seek help in feeding their fami­ ratios of 1.0 or better. That chart is repro­ Rank Improvement type code and description B.C ratio lies from the local food pantries. duced following this statement. Twelve It was because of this growing need types of improvements are listed. Under !...... lC- Traffic signs ...... 6.8 within the very district that I represent this legislation, they would be eligible for 2. lE- lllumination ...... 3.1 that I decided to see what I could do with­ 3...... 3K-Upgraded guardrail... 100 percent funding. By this means, State 4 ...... IG--Hew traffic signals ...... t~ out passing any laws or spending any of and local authorities will be encouraged to 5...... 3N- lmpact attenuator ...... U the taxpayers' money. So last month I undertake these high payoff types of road 6...... 3R--Obstacle removal...... 7...... 3M-New median barrier ...... 1.6 helped organize a districtwide food drive to safety improvements. By doing so, hun­ ~ ::: : : ::: :: ::: : : ~~a:i~~~~~~r~'.~il. .~ .ra_n~~.:::::::::::::::::::::::::: l : ~ solicit donations from the private sector to dreds, perhaps thousands, of lives will be 1.3 replenish the community food pantries. The saved each year after the program is in full l~ ::::::::::::: l~~~:!aV:~~g:~iiii · ~·ries ::::::::::::::::::::: : :::::::: 12...... 18-Sight distance improvements ...... U result was a tremendous outpour of sup- swing. And countless injuries will be pre­ port from corporations, private citizens, vented altogether, or their severity will be Source: Highway Safety Evaluation System, FHWA. 1984. and volunteers. Collection boxes were minimized. Because of its cost/effective­ placed in businesses, public buildings, food ness, the 100 percent funding will promote pantries, and churches in all 27 counties of the most efficient and effective expenditure the district. Hundreds of cases of food were of public moneys for road safety. A TIME FOR SHOWING THAT WE CARE donated by concerned corporations, turn- According to the 1985 Annual Report ear­ ing my district offices into temporary ware­ lier referred to (page 9): HON. JIM ROSS LIGHTFOOT houses. Phone calls and letters with cash Since the inception of the highway safety donations poured into my offices. School­ categorical programs in 1974, the FHWA's OF IOWA children joined the effort-the student Office of Highway Safety estimates that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES almost 30,000 lives have been saved and council of the Adair-Casey High School almost 650,000 serious injuries have been Monday, December 16, 1985 raised $127 in cash and used it to buy food prevented as the result of highway safety Mr. LIGHTFOOT. Mr. Speaker, the for the Adair community. One company improvements. Christmas holiday season is a time for us loaned a semitruck to haul the food to the The Committee on Public Works and to make an extra effort to give thanks for empty food pantries throughout the dis­ Transportation initiated and was responsi­ what we have, and to share our blessings trict. Thanks to the efforts of people like ble for enactment of those programs in the with those who aren't as fortunate. For the Rev. Gary Haines, Mr. Joe Ricketts, and Highway Safety Act of 1973 referred to hungry in the world, Christmas won't be Mr. Rick Gibson, donations for the drive above. The 100-percent Federal funding bill full of happiness and cheer. To them, including cash and food totaled well over will take the road safety process a further Christmas will be another cold day of $40,000-and donations continue to come lifesaving step. Its approval and enactment wanting. in. will provide new, targeted focus for high­ It, therefore, is an appropriate time for In short, Mr. Speaker, the drive was a way safety improvements programs. There us to consider and pass one particular bill tremendous success. At the start the project will be a legislative incentive for States and before us today; and that ls House Concur­ was given the title "Care and Share," and I localities to undertake those projects which rent Resolution 57, encouraging private can think of nothing more appropriate. contribute most to the safety of the motor­ sector involvement in the worldwide effort The response this project received proves ing public. When they do, they will receive to alleviate hunger. This bill expresses the that neighbors care about each other and

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member of the Senate on the floor. Boldface type indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor.

51 -059 0 -87-53

37490 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 17, 1985 are willing to give of themselves when President will be required to submit annual tion programs, Medicaid and veterans' there's a need. We, their elected Represent­ budgets in which the projected deficits do compensation are among the programs that atives, can help by providing the leadership not exceed specified levels. Starting with a are exempted from automatic cuts. Certain and organization that is needed to create a budget proposal that is already within re­ critical health programs are protected, framework for this sharing to take place. sonable funding limits will make it all that through provisions that set maximum per­ What happened in the fifth district of Iowa much easier for Congress to come up with missible reductions at no more than 1 per­ should not be considered a special occur­ a finished product that stays within the cent in fiscal year 1986 and 2 percent in rence. Instead, it should be seen as what it deficit guidelines. These specified levels fiscal year 1987. really was-a natural response to a need by will be gradually decreased, until 1991, It is my hope that automatic cuts will not people who cared enough about each other when the maximum allowable Federal become necessary. Each year Congress will to do something about it. budget deficit will be zero. • have at least two opportunities to do its job It is this attitude of pulling together that The bill includes provisions establishing by making careful and rational choices the bill we have before us today seeks to a new, accelerated timetable for the budget about the programs that will receive cuts. encourage, and I urge my colleagues to process. In recent years, Congress has Only if Congress fails to meet the deficit­ give it their support. dragged its feet, oftentimes waiting until as reduction objectives, will automatic cuts late as October to finally pass a budget. come into play. Time after time, temporary extensions must America today is at a turning point. For A BALANCED BUDGET BILL be passed so that government agencies too long we've been stalled in history, re­ THAT SAYS YES won't have to close their doors. At this very peating mistakes of yesterday because our moment, Congress is preparing to pass its leaders have been afraid to see a new to­ HON. STEVE GUNDERSON fourth continuing resolution of the year, morrow. That tomorrow is upon us. We OF WISCONSIN required because of its inability to com­ must not let the pessimists convince us oth­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES plete the appropriation process in a timely erwise. The future will be ours if we dare to manner. The results has been increased Monday, December 16, 1985 work for it. The people of this Nation are costs, inefficient expenditures, and an in­ ready to move forward and effectively ad­ Mr. GUNDERSON. Mr. Speaker, for the ability for agencies and departments to dress the problem of the deficit. With the past few months we have been engaged in a adequately plan for the fiscal year. Under signing of Gramm-Rudman, Congress has fierce struggle with the proponents of nega­ Gramm-Rudman, Congress would complete made it known that it too is ready to do its tivism, the advocates of "no." They say, action on the budget by April 15, with the part in moving our Nation ahead. "No, we can't balance the budget; no, we House completing action on regular appro­ can't guarantee our children and grandchil­ priations bills by June 30. dren that they will not be saddled with tril­ Up to now, there has been a lot more talk TRIBUTE TO GILBERT GUDE lions and trillions of dollars of debt; no, we about deficit reduction than concrete can't assure our senior citizens that we will action to bring down the deficit. With the be responsible today so that tomorrow passage of Gramm-Rudman, we will see HON. RALPH REGULA there will be funds for pensions and retire­ more than just talk. The first major event OF OHIO ment programs; and, no, we can't find a under the budget regime will come Febru­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES way to responsibly take control of a budget ary l, when automatic cuts for fiscal year Thursday, December 12, 1985 process that has run wild." 1986 are announced. These automatic cuts Last week, Congress and the President will take effect March 1, unless Congress Mr. REGULA. Mr. Speaker, as a Member met the pessimists head-on by passing and and the President come to terms and vol­ of the U.S. House of Representatives and as signing a balanced budget bill that says untarily enact cuts based on agreed upon the director of Congressional Research "yes." Yes, we can make Government work. spending priorities. Service, Gilbert Gude has set a standard of Yes, we can solve our problems. We can While it is important that the United performance that is a challenge to all of us. ensure an economically secure Nation. We States maintain a strong and effective mili­ He approached his responsibilities in the can make the hard choices and the difficult tary, it is also important that the Pentagon Congress with an independent, thoughtful sacrifices necessary to ensure that our do its fair share for deficit reduction. If analysis of each decision. Colleagues recog­ Nation will move forward to meet the chal­ non defense programs alone had to shoul­ nize this and look for Gil for leadership. lenges of the future, instead of sliding back der the burden of budget cuts, hundreds of As the director of the Congressional Re­ into the irresponsible p01icies of the past. worthwhile programs would have to be search Service, he has always been very It takes only a moment to see that those axed. Under Gramm-Rudman, any auto­ helpful to Members without any hint of past policies would provide America with matic cuts would be divided equally be­ partisanship. an unacceptable future. Those policies have tween defense and non defense programs. It always has been a pleasure to call for already resulted in: As long as Congress did nothing to dis­ information and have a prompt and friend­ A Government spending $24 for every $19 courage the notion that the Federal Gov­ ly response. it raises in taxes and other forms of reve­ ernment had a magic money tree with an I join with my colleagues in wishing Gil nue; infinite supply of greenbacks, there was well in his future endeavors. A national debt that would require $7 ,000 little incentive to cut wasteful and ineffi­ from every single man, woman and child cient spending practices. Why cut the fat living in the United States, if it were to be when all you have to do is get Uncle Sam SAVIMBI'S GROUPIES paid off today. to dole out more money? The Gramm­ A Federal Government that removes Rudman bill makes it clear that Uncle HON. HOWARD WOLPE from the private sector, because of borrow­ Sam's pockets have been picked clean. OF MICHIGAN ing needs, an amount every year equivalent Knowing that they will not be rewarded for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to 5 percent of all produced and all services waste with increased appropriations, agen­ rendered in the United States; cies receiving Federal funds will hopefully Monday, December 16, 1985 $130 billion in interest payments on the have all the incentive they need to put an Mr. WOLPE. Mr. Speaker, I would like debt for 1985 alone. end to $600 toilet seats, inefficient procure­ to commend to our colleagues the follow­ While there are parts of Gramm-Rudman ment practices, and duplication of services. ing column, "Savimbi's Groupies", by Rich­ that I am less than pleased with, the fact In passing Gramm-Rudman, Congress is ard Cohen, which appeared in the Decem­ remains that the bill will contribute in a not forsaking those individuals most in ber 13 Washington Post. number of important ways to the battle need of government help. A variety of pro­ Given Mr. Savimbi's political back­ against the Federal deficit: grams for children, elderly and the Nation's ground-two decades of authoritarian so­ Fiscal responsibility will be a part of the poorest will be protected from automatic cialism-it truly boggles the mind to hear budget process from the very outset as the cuts. Social Security benefits, child-nutri- some conservatives comparing him to our December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37491 Founding Fathers. Recently Howard Phil­ revolutionaries such as Mao Tse-tung, Gen. I commend to my colleagues two recent lips, the chairman of the Conservative Giap, Ho Chi Minh. Che Guevara and many news accounts of the test sale, one, by Caucus, went so far as to suggest that "if others." Since then, this Freedom Fighter Robert D. Hershey, Jr. in the New York has moderated his views some, but not to Jonas Savimbi were an American citizen; the point of accepting capitalism or junking Times on December 12, 1985, and the other, he would be the Presidential candidate of UNITA's classic Leninist structure-central an editorial in The Washington Post on De­ the conservative movement in 1988". This committee and all. cember 2, 1985. would be akin to nominating someone like The "ism" that probably best motivates CFrom the Washington Post, Dec. 2, 19851 Mao Tse-tung or Gamal Abdul Nasser, two Savimbi is opportunism. That explains his of Mr. Savimbi's erstwhile heroes, for the alliance with South Africa. It is from it that TESTING THE STRATEGIC RESERVE Presidency. Savimbi gets what it takes to wage his guer­ The Energy Department is selling a little When will the far right come to its rilla war. and it is from Pretoria that he oil out of its strategic reserve, just to test takes orders. The UNITA-South Africa rela­ senses? Aiding Savimbi would, as virtually the system. This demonstration of capabil­ tionship is so cozy that Savimbi was the ity is essential, and long overdue. It's a every United States expert on Angola pre­ only black African leader to attend Presi­ small sale-Just over one million barrels, dicts, play right into the hands of our dent P.W. Botha's inauguration. Even Afri­ one-fifteenth of this country's daily con­ Soviet and Cuban adversaries in Africa be­ can leaders who appreciate that UNITA has sumption. Sales like this one need to be a cause of Savimbi's alliance with South to take support where it is offered were of­ regular and routine part of managing this Africa. The Soviet Union couldn't write a fended by that. Consequently, Savimbi is a crucially important resource. script more advantageous to its interests in pariah in black Africa-the continent's No. 1 The strategic petroleum reserve has been Africa. Uncle Tom. carefully built up by the Energy Depart­ Little to none of that gets mentioned [From the Washington Post, Dec. 13, 19851 ment in gigantic underground caverns along when Savimbi's fans in Washington describe the rim of the Gulf of Mexico. It was first SAVIMBI'S GROUPIES the man. Instead, he becomes a kind of Afri­ conceived as a response to the shortages CBy Richard Cohen> can neoconservative, someone who started that this country suffered in the 1973-74 oil In his book. "Political Pilgrims," Paul Hol­ on the left and then. having had an epipha­ embargo by the Arab producers. The idea­ lander called the roll of celebrated leftists ny while scanning the National Review, and it was a good one-was to build a shock who visited Russia and made memorable moved right. Suspended in his case is the absorber against sudden disruptions in the fools of themselves. George Bernard Shaw conservative doctrine that Marxists are all foreign oil supply and, especially, to ensure praised the Soviets for making "the world alike-genetically programmed to institute that foreign producers could not threaten safe for honest men." Edmund Wilson pro­ just one kind of government. the United States. nounced Russia "the moral top of the It boggles the mind to compare Jesse Organizing the reserve was slow work, and world" and the Webbs. Beatrice and Sidney, Helms with George Bernard Shaw or con­ the department was not able actually to toured the Gulag and found it "free from temporary conservatives with the radicals begin filling it until late 1977. In 1979 the physical cruelty." Like too many others. now dead. Nevertheless, they share a will­ department installed high-speed pumps that they saw the future, but not its quirks. ingness to look reality in the face and see could retrieve the oil in an emergency. But Now comes yet another wave of political fantasy. it never quite got around to demonstrating pilgrims, this time conservatives who find the administrative and physical capacity to virtue approaching sainthood in anyone SPR IS WORKING take bids on the oil, sell it and deliver it to willing to fight either Russia or Cuba-no the refineries-fast. That is the capability matter what the reason. Beatified as "Free­ that the current exercise will test. Perhaps dom Fighters," they are compared with the HON. PHILIP R. SHARP there will be a few hitches. That's why it's Founding Fathers. even though (and even OF INDIANA necessary to keep doing it and make the bearing in mind that war is hell> they occa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES procedures completely familiar both to the sionally rape and pillage on their way to department and to its industrial customers. their own versions of Yorktown. Monday, December 16, 1985 The country now has about $14 billion in­ The latest freedom fighter is Jonas Sa­ Mr. SHARP. Mr. Speaker, the Depart­ vested in those caverns-490 million barrels vimbi, the charismatic leader of Angola's ment of Energy is currently conducting a of oil, the equivalent of 100 days' imports. UNITA guerrilla movement. and-if things test drawdown and sale of oil from the Since one conspicuous reason for that in­ work out-the recipient of maybe $30 mil­ strategic petroleum reserve [SPR]. The vestment is to deter anyone who might hope lion in U.S. aid. Savimbi's main attribute is to throw the American economy off balance the fact that for many years he has been Congress conceived of this test to see if the by interfering with the flow of imports. it's fighting Angola's Marxist government. SPR could work. essential to show that the reserve can be which. in tum. is buttressed by some 35,000 That is: fed, rapidly and smoothly, into the distribu­ Cuban troops. In the lexicon of today's po­ Could oil be successfully sold to bidders tion system. litical pilgrims, that makes him-three-cor­ in the private sector? This kind of sale from the reserve is like nered hat. please-yet another moral equiv­ Could oil be pumped out of the under­ army maneuvers. The purpose is not only to alent of our Founding Fathers. ground salt domes where it is stored? keep the troops proficient, but to show that It would be one thing simply to say that Could SPR oil really be refined into proficiency to anyone who might be watch­ we are going to play hardball with the ing. Cubans and hire Savimbi to harass them in usable oil products? Could all the paperwork that has to be Angola. Aside from the fact that there is [From the New York Times, Dec. 12, 19851 not much reason to do so . you could make the weak timely, efficient fashion? FIRST DELIVERY FROM STORAGE and totally cynical case that any foe of the So far, the SPR is passing the test. Cubans is our friend. In fact, not only were there 32 bids for But the American political right. which is the oil from 17 companies-demonstrating WASHINGTON, Dec. 11.-ln the first com­ to say the American political establishment, significant private sector interest in SPR prehensive test of the country's ability to will accept nothing less than a sweeping and tap its vast oil stockpile in an emergency, a morally uplifting anticommunist crusade. oil-but the five successful bidders paid Texas refiner today began to take delivery They have given it the rubric of the Reagan $28.9 million, as much as $10 per barrel on a shipment of crude oil from the Govern­ Doctrine, and it holds, it seems. that anyone more than they might have had to pay in ment's strategic petroleum reserve. who for any reason fights the Soviet Union the market. There was obviously a desire As the La Gloria Oil and Gas Company re­ or a client state ought to be embraced as by the bidders to make sure they are pre­ ceived the first of its 100,000-barrel order at our friend. pared to deal with the physical and admin­ a terminal near Nederland, Tex., Depart­ Take Savimbi. His anti-communism, like istrative details of using SPR oil. ment of Energy officials said they were now his love for democracy, is more imaginary The successful test of our Nation's buffer confident that the United States could act than real. As an important guerrilla leader. efficiently to deal with a supply disruption he spent a year in China and returned home against future oil emergencies should in­ by moving stockpiled oil into commercial describing himself as a Marxist-Leninist and crease the level of confidence in the SPR channels within three weeks. his foes as "the notorious agents of imperi­ and should serve as a demonstration of "The system works," said George Bradley, alism." In 1970, UNITA's magazine, preparedness to both our citizens and our Jr.. and acting assistant secretary at the De­ Kwacha-Angola, named its mentors: "great foreign oil suppliers. partment of Energy. 37492 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 17, 1985 CONFINED TESTS AGRICULTURAL POLICY AND may not be farming 2 years hence if condi­ Until now, emergency planners have con­ ECONOMIC REALITY tions do not improve. fined their tests largely to the physical Particularly in communities acutely sen­ pumping and tranportation of oil and to HON. WILLIS D. GRADISON, JR. sitive to the downturn in the general farm theoretical "paper" exercises in which the OF OHIO economy, these conditions have reached a price of oil was estimated for various short­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES critical phase. Yet, this has occurred in age conditions. There are five stockpiling spite of significant Federal aid. Prior to storage sites along the Louisiana and Texas Monday, December 16, 1985 coasts. 1981, Federal spending on farm programs Mr. GRADISON. Mr. Speaker, the Second averaged $5 billion per year. In 1985, com­ The current test, which began Nov. 18, is Congressional District of Ohio, which I the first in which oil was auctioned off to modity programs intended to stabilize farm have the honor to represent, provides me incomes will cost the taxpayer $18 billion. the industry and then actually delivered. La with a varied perspective on the farm prob­ Gloria, one of the five successful bidders, is Over the life of the 1981 farm bill, the a small Houston concern that will move the lem. While my district is commonly United States has spent in excess of $63 bil­ oil to its refinery at Tyler, Tex. thought of as Cincinnati and the suburbs of Hamilton County, I represent farmers too. lion on agricultural support programs. This A total of 1 million barrels of oil has been unprecedented amount is four times the sold from a reserve that now has 492 billion Corn farmers in the district received $1,056,203 in deficiency payments in 1984, original estimated cost of the legislation. barrels. Despite this multibillion dollar subsidy, the The other companies to buy oil from the 104th in the Nation. Agriculture is critical Government at a time when prices are fall­ to the economic base of Clermont and problems caused by overproduction, failing ing in the open market were the Phillips Pe­ Brown Counties. Tobacco, corn, and soy­ farm income, and falling land values are troleum Company, Conoco Inc., the Amoco bean farms are the landscape in those two­ seemingly more intractable now than 4 Oil Company and the Marathon Petroleum thirds of my district. years ago. Company. Farmers in my district are as independ­ The traditional outlet for much of Ameri­ PLEASED WITH BIDS ent, skilled, and concerned as farmers any­ ca's agricultural bounty has been the export market. Four out of every 10 crop­ Energy Department officials, who said where else in this country. They recognize they had worried that the industry would that Federal fiscal and agricultural policies land acres currently under production are not participate, said they were pleased with have contributed to their current difficulty devoted to the export market. The 20 to 25 the 32 bids they received from 17 compa­ and they are aware of the crucial role they percent of farm income across the Nation nies. Among the nonbidders, however, were play in the economy. These farmers sense is dependent on agricultural trade. For such industry giants as the Exxon Corpora­ that this farm bill will do little to alleviate grain farmers, the ability to export repre­ tion, Texaco Inc. and the Mobil Corpora­ the long-term problems facing them or the sents slightly over half of their income. tion. farm economy generally. In 1985, American agricultural sales An Exxon spokesman in Houston, Leslie When Congress convened last January, abroad amounted to $33.5 billion, down 24 C. Rogers, said that his company did not bid the Reagan administration was determined percent from 1981. However, it should be because "we had no need for the crude oil at to move the focus of American agriculture remembered, and is often forgotten, that that time." from dependence on government subsidies American agricultural exports peaked in The stockpile, created under a law passed to a more market-oriented policy. Moving 10 years ago this month, is now large 1979-81. enough to replace all imports for more than American agriculture toward the free Beginning in 1971, U.S. agricultural ex­ 100 days at current demand levels. Because market, however, has proven to be politi­ ports increased an average of 17 percent the United States receives most of its oil im­ cally difficult. In spite of the fact that per year through 1981. These were the ports-averaging 5 million barrels a day American farmers recorded another boom years of American agriculture. Soviet during November-from Western sources, bumper crop in 1985 for wheat, feed grains, grain purchases in 1973 led the expansion the stockpile could replace imports from dairy products, and other major commod­ of United States farm trade in the period. Arab members of the Organization of Petro­ ities, the farm economy is experiencing its Even Chinese grain purchases in 1980 and leum Exporting Countries for more than most severe financial crisis since the Great 1981, roughly equivalent to the earlier pur­ three and a half years. Depression. After months of debate and chases by the Soviet Union, were not During the first half of 1985, the five big­ delay, we are now considering the confer­ enough to arrest the slide from the peak of gest foreign suppliers were Mexico, Canada, ence report on the 1985 farm bill. Venezuela, Britain and Indonesia. Saudi 1979-81. The approach favored by the administra­ By the early l 980's, overproduction re­ Arabia, No. 2 at the time of the 1973 Arab tion is not new. In recent years, questions oil embargo, is no longer among the top 10. sulting primarily from acreage expansion, The period for which the United States have increasingly been raised about the based on an assumption that export could do without foreign oil now equals or nature of government agricultural pro­ demand would continue to expand, caused exceed the level of protection envisioned by grams. Critics have charged that the system commodity prices to fall. Under normal cir­ the Government when the reserve legisla­ of target prices, deficiency payments, and cumstances, the decline in prices might other vehicles designed to support the tion was initially passed. have had a beneficial effect on farmers by income of farmers and help stabilize con­ The five buyers paid $28.9 million for making American agricultural products their oil, or 96 percent of the then-prevail­ sumer prices have actually encouraged the ing price in the open market. Because of overproduction of major commodities and more competitive in the world market. Un­ recent price declines, some of the successful increased the cost of most food items for fortunately, just as prices declined, the bidders wound up paying as much as $10 a consumers. These same programs have had dollar began its upward surge. Massive barrel more for the stockpile oil than they the preverse impact of contributing to the Federal budget deficits that have skewed might have paid Tuesday in the market. downturn in prices received by the farmer. the value of the dollar have had the same "It would appear we sold high," said Rich­ Farm land values which appreciated negative effect on farmers as they have had ard Furiga, and Energy Department official. every year for 30 years prior to 1981 have on other export sectors of the economy. The department said the oil it sold came declined an average of 19 percent since The boom period of the early l 970's was from the underground storage operations a confident time for America's farmers. themselves rather than oil held in delivery then. In some States, particularly Indiana, Illinois, Nebraska, Minnesota, Iowa, and The value of farm land appreciated as the pipelines. expansion of production and investment in "We've shown beyond any reasonable my home State of Ohio, the decline has doubt that the Government and the private been especially severe. Overall farm income land continued. In 1970, for example, 44 sector can work together in a fair and effi­ declined by 50 percent between 1981 and million acres of wheat were harvested. By cient test of the reserve's competitive bid­ 1983, rose slightly in 1984, but fell again 1982, wheat acreage had expanded to 78 ding process," Energy Secretary John S. this year. According to the U.S. Department million acres, much of it coming in the Herrington said in a statement. of Agriculture, approximately 10 percent of Southeast and Southwest. Current plant­ all farmers have debt-to-assist ratios so ings and yields of corn and soybeans have high-in excess of 70 percent-that they doubled since the early 1970's. December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37493 In spite of the downturn in export sales, f erence committee has adequately come to products to make these commodities more the United States continues to dominate grips with the problem. competitive in the world market. world trade in agricultural products. Debate on effective policies to reverse the At the same time, however, the confer­ Eighty percent of the soybeans, 70 percent trend in the agricultural sector has run ence has circumvented real reform by re­ of the corn, and 38 percent of the wheat head on into politics. With congressional taining the peanut and sugar programs traded in world markets is produced by elections in 1986 and control of the Senate without cuts. The conference added a re­ American farmers. at stake, the politics that come into play quirement that the administration adjust America's market expansion of the 1970's when farm legislation is debated have sugar import quotas downward to avoid was not lost on others. The European Com­ become even more byzantine than usual. cost to the Government. This plan will add munity, Canada, Australia, Argentina, The disunity of farmers around the country to consumer food costs and damage our Brazil, and other countries have signifi­ and the massive $214 billion debt held by Latin American and Caribbean allies while cantly increased their agricultural output. farmers have contributed to the delay. providing only short-term protection to The United States faces stiffening competi­ Indeed, the debt problems in rural Amer­ American sugar beet and cane growers, tion from abroad. For example, foreign ica have loomed over every debate on the whose return per acre is three times the corn production has increased by 50 per­ future direction of American agriculture. level of rice, corn, cotton, and soybeans, cent in the past 12 years and foreign soy­ The debt of the Federal Government also and five times that for wheat and oats. The bean production is up 140 percent over the has had a tremendous negative impact on overall result is a conference report that same period. the farm sector. Nearly everyone agrees broadly continues the policy mistakes of Furthermore, this sharpening competi­ that the Federal budget· deficit is the most the past, the same mistakes that have tion is occurring amidst the successes of pressing domestic issue we face. Last brought us to the present situation. the Green Revolution. India and China, in week's vote on the Gramm-Rudman propos­ During the often emotional debate on particular, have made significant gains in al to eliminate the deficit by 1991 is evi­ farm policy, much was said, about saving their ability to feed their own people, there­ dence of that. Meaningful deficit reduction the family farm and preserving a way of by reducing their demand for agricultural would, in the long run, aenefit farmers as it life. Two members of the House expressed imports. Most analysts view a strong agri­ would benefit the rest of the economy by the view that "farming is more than an oc­ cultural base as a necessary feature of lowering relative interest rates and the cupation, more than an industry; it is a long-term development in the Third World. value of the dollar. way of life for millions of Americans." As a result, even if the dollar regains pur­ Both the House and the Senate have re­ They urged the membership to examine the chasing parity in international markets, acted to the difficulties facing agriculture toll the current difficulties in the farm America cannot expect, over the long term, in substantially the same manner as before economy take on the human spirit. to produce at recent levels. by throwing more money at agriculture. The Jeffersonian vision of the United The comparative downturn in export The congressional budget resolution ap­ States as an agricultural republic runs deep trade and the bumper crops brought in by proved earlier this year called for spending in our culture. There is no doubt that agri­ U.S. farmers have triggered, under existing on agricultural programs for the next 3 culture plays an important role in our law, a massive increase in Federal price years of $34.8 billion. The $56 billion House economy and our national life. However, and income support payments and the and $58 billion Senate versions of the farm the United States is no longer strictly an stockpiles of commodities held by the Gov­ bill were passed in the knowledge they agricultural economy. Indeed, the number ernment. For example, 1 out of every 10 were budget busters. The final $52 billion of Americans working on the land has de­ gallons of milk sold between 1980 and 1983 version of the farm bill exceeds the budget clined steadily throughout our history. As was bought and stored by the Federal Gov­ resolution by spending more than $50 bil­ late as 1920, five times as many people ernment. In an effort to support dairy lion deemed acceptable by the White lived on farms as in 1983. The farm popula­ farmers, the Department of Agriculture has House. tion is currently only 2.5 percent of the stored a 2-month supply of butter, a 3- The House voted to lower loan rates (the population. Not even the most ambitious month supply of cheese, and a 2-year floor under commodity prices) on major farm programs can reverse the trend supply of milk for every American. commodity programs, except for sugar, to toward fewer, larger, more highly capital­ Government policies and the economic discourage excessive production and make ized farms. decisions made by many farmers in recent American agricultural products more com­ It is difficult not to sympathize with years were based on the assumption that petitive. Yet, at the same time, the House those who have lose or will lose their the agricultural boom of the 1970's would voted for a 5-year freeze on deficiency pay­ farms, some of which have been in the continue. When the boom collapsed, the ments-the subsidy the Government gives a same family for generations. But agricul­ Nation was left with an agricultural sector farmer to make up the difference between tural fundamentalism can only lead to poli­ wonderfully prolific, but dependent on the market price and the artificially set cies that will provide the short-term sem­ Government support. target price. blance of a solution, while deepening the Unfortunately, economic success is not The House also voted to revive the Dairy real problem-overcapacity. It is likely, based solely on the quantity of production. Diversion Program that pays farmers not therefore, that the problem of surplus, ex­ Production is not the same as productivity. to produce. Over time, the House dairy pro­ acerbated by Federal policies :which en­ These facts, and more than a little politics, gram would have raised supports while courage excessive investment and produc­ continue to confound the emergence of a shifting the onus for bearing the costs of tion, will not be brought under control by rational farm policy. the program from the Government to the the bill before us. The cumulative effect of decades of Gov­ consumer. The conference committee Even a casual look at current programs ernment involvement in agriculture has wisely chose to abandon the House posi­ reveals their misguided nature. Many farm­ contributed heavily to the current state of tion. ers produce nonprogram crops and are in­ affairs on the farm. As a nation, we have The Senate bill was also replete with con­ eligible for income support payments no overinvested in agriculture. Federal farm tradictions. The Senate voted, as did the matter what the state of their financial dis­ programs that continue to encourage over­ House, to lower price supports. The Senate tress. In 1984, 90 percent of commodity investment and overproduction can do also voted for a 2-year freeze on deficiency program payments were distributed to little to reverse the trend. Tax policy exac­ payments. While turning back the Dairy farmers of wheat, feed grains, cotton, rice, erbates this problem by encouraging invest­ Diversion Program, the Senate bill would and dairy products. These commodities, ment in agriculture that otherwise would allow grain farmers to opt for higher sup­ however, represent only 31 percent of the not be made. ports if land is taken out of production. total cash receipts in American agriculture. For many farmers, the effects of overin­ Several positive reforms have been incor­ Less than half the distressed farmers in vestment in agriculture have been very porated into the legislation. One of the this country-those with negative cash flow harmful. Yet, in addressing the farm crisis, most significant would reduce the price and a debt-to-asset ratio above 40 percent­ neither the House, the Senate, nor the con- support floor under corn, wheat, and dairy are participants in Federal commodity pro- 37494 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 17, 1985 grams. For those who are participants, 95 feet competition" comes closest in agricul­ sold only in those other permitted coun­ percent receive less than $25,000 from the ture. tries which have approved its sale. The Government-61 percent of all commodity Congress began 1985 with the hope that export of this unapproved drug would be program payments. The remaining 5 per­ the debate on farm legislation would set limited to the short, interim period before cent of farmers receive 39 percent of the the tone of American agriculture for the re­ U.S. approval. program benefits. Seventy-two percent of mainder of the century. Without question, I am troubled by the proposition that un­ the farms in the country have annual sales the farm economy has been battered by approved drugs should be exported from less than $40,000; these farms receive only many forces beyond the control of individ­ the United States under any circumstances. 22 percent of the Federal payments. By any ual farmers. However, the Congress must Such a policy means we do not extend to reasonable standard, the poorest and most take a large share of the responsibility for foreign consumers the same protections we needy farmers do not receive assistance of enacting programs which have encouraged insist on for ourselves. Nevertheless, I have the kind accruing to larger producers. overproduction in major commodities. concluded that legislation of the type I am The fact is that the larger the farm, the The legislation now before us makes a introducing today will contribute to a more higher the degree of program participation, bow in the direction of changing the de­ focused and productive debate on the need and the larger the volume of production, structive pattern of throwing money at the to permit the export of unapproved drugs. the larger the likely share of program bene­ farm problem. But this conference report This bill also will assure a more thorough fits. Do larger farms, however, mean that fails to provide the needed gradual transi­ investigation of problems involving drugs the family owned farm is under attack? In tion to a deregulated agricultural sector. which are currently exported, such as U.S.­ terms of the percentage of all farms, the When this bill expires in 4 years, we will approved drugs with different labeling in percentage of land under cultivation, and surely be back here debating what to do foreign countries and unapproved antibiot­ the percentage of total farm output, nonfa­ about the next farm crisis. Politics and the ics which can be exported under existing mily corporate farming has been declining scramble to save the farm, however, have law. for a decade. Families are increasingly in­ led again to inconsistent and contradictory A heavy burden rests on the proponents corporating their farms for practical tax legislation-far from the clear policy state­ of legislation to permit the export of drugs and business reasons. The f amity farm is ment on the future of American agriculture not dying; rather, it is adapting, albeit unfit for sale in the United States. Even which all Americans-including farmers­ properly used approved drugs, which are painfully, to a new environment. deserve. As a nation and as a matter of public essential to good health care, can cause policy, we have decided that it is desirable severe adverse reactions. The potential for to subsidize agriculture. In my view, we HAZARDOUS DRUG EXPORT harm from unapproved drugs is obviously have done so because of the belief that CONTROL ACT much greater. Proponents of such legisla­ farming is "basic and fundamental" to the tion must show that our reputation as the economy. But, there is no realistic threat of HON. HENRY A WAXMAN world's leader in pharmaceutical develop­ losing our agricultural production base. We ment is not compromised by the export of OF CALIFORNIA unapproved drugs. While the bill I am in­ should not make agricultural policy on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that assumption. troducing contains a provision to permit "Saving the family farm" and "increasing Monday, December 16, 1985 some unapproved drugs to be exported, I farm income" are two phrases that have Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, today I am am not yet satisfied that those provisions been used repeatedly in our debates. These introducing H.R. 3962, the Hazardous Drug are needed. I expect my subcommittee's in­ are legitimate concerns, while there are ob­ Export Control Act. vestigation and our hearings to provide suf• viously important economic dimensions to This legislation has two· main features. ficient information for action, pro or con, the farm problem, let's be honest with our­ First, it would prohibit U.S. companies on this legislation. selves and admit that it is the social dimen­ from selling a U.S.-approved drug in an­ Mr. Speaker, there is another bill which sions of the farm problem that have largely other country with labeling which omits permits the export of unapproved drugs, influenced this bill. At bottom agriculture necessary warning language or makes un­ but it is quite different in scope and philos­ policy is primarily social and not economic founded health claims. It appears that ophy. S. 1848 was recently approved by the policy. many U.S. drug companies are selling Senate Committee on Labor and Human Ironically, programs designed to support abroad the same drug that is approved in Resources. I do not support that legisla­ the struggling, small farmer have clearly the United States but with one, very impor­ tion. Frankly, I am not aware of any credi­ had the opposite effect. Simply transferring tant exception; they have revised the cau­ ble evidence that the open-ended and far­ income to farmers, because they are farm­ tionary labeling. In some foreign countries, reaching provisions of that legislation are ers, is neither prudent nor fiscally respon­ particularly those like the Philippines, either needed for justified. Also, I believe it sible. After all, there are many other Mexico, and Thailand, some United States fails to address serious deficiencies in our groups in our society equally deserving of companies change the label to remove FDA current export laws. transfer payments. required warnings and adverse reaction in­ The Senate bill permits drugs which have Deliberations on farm legislation and formation or to add uses whiCh are not ap­ never been reviewed by the Food and Drug farm credit have indicated the desire of proved by the FDA. This means that the Administration to be exported to countries Congress to preserve the f amity farm. The physicians and pharmacists in those coun­ which do not even have a drug approval difficulty, of course, is that technology, the tries who see the labeling are not informed system. global economy, and the increasing effi. about the proper use of the drug or about The Senate bill asks the Secretary of ciency of farmers have rendered Federal serious problems which FDA discovered Health and Human Services to establish a farm programs ineffective in dealing with when reviewing the drug for sale in the list of "developed" countries which have economic reality. United States. "adequate governmental health authori­ The family farm has changed. Farming is The other main provision allows the ties" that, in effect, protect their citizens no longer simply a way of life. It is a multi­ export of drugs and antibiotics which are from unsafe, ineffective, or mislabeled billion-dollar industry. More than any not yet approved but which have completed drugs. Is it possible for the Secretary to ob­ other sector of the economy, Federal policy all clinical testing and are under active jectively and accurately evaluate the com­ affords protection to this industry from the FDA review. The export would be allowed petence and capabilities of trusted allies? competitive rigors of the marketplace. The to those several countries which appear to Could the Secretary suffer the internation­ irony is that there is little reason for mo­ have drug approval systems comparable to al embarrassment of leaving countries like nopolistic concerns in an industry with ours and health care professionals who are Italy or Ireland off such a list? over 2.3 million units of production. Con­ knowledgeable about the prescribing. and The Senate bill fails to place any enforce­ gress has supported deregulation in many dispensing of drugs. This provision would able restrictions on the reexport of drugs, sectors of the economy, but not in agricul­ allow a U.S. company to produce the drug from countries to which export is lawful, to ture. Indeed, the economist's model of "per- in the United States even though it is to be countries of the Third World. The FDA has December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37495 already testified that they could not stop cant extent in the United States" be a boon Plant was the first in the world built solely the illegal reexport of drugs if given the au­ or a curse on the Third World? The drug to bum pulverized coal. Port Washington thority. companies say boon. We will investigate. Power Plant was the most efficient in the The Senate bill purports to encourage the Do the foreign countries listed in this bill world for more than a dozen years. Our Point Beach Nuclear Plant still ranks at the development of drugs for tropical diseases and S. 1848 have drug approval systems top of the list of most efficient nuclear units by permitting drug companies to ship inad­ comparable to ours? We will determine in the country. equately tested products directly to under­ which do. Today we are here to announce another developed countries. Does the FDA take longer to approve a first for Wisconsin Electric and our indus­ The Senate bill doesn't develop compre­ drug than other comparable foreign ap­ try, a series of steps that will ensure reliable hensive and uniform export policy for proval systems? If so, why? Is it because energy supplies for our customers and a drugs and antibiotics. Banned or unap­ companies start testing in the foreign coun­ cleaner environment. proved antibiotics could continue to be ex­ tries first? Public concern with the environment is strong. Wisconsin Electric shares that con­ ported to Third World countries. If all the Do biotechnology companies have to cern. Much of what we're describing for you "safeguards" in S. 1848 are needed to pro­ transfer important, and otherwise unattain­ today represents what we believe is a rea­ tect foreign consumers of U.S. made, unap­ able technology to foreign partners because sonable and cost-effective approach to acid proved drugs, why aren't they needed for they can't export unapproved drugs? Are rain concerns. unapproved antibiotics exported by U.S. there deficiencies in the protection such We believe there is more to be learned companies? companies receive for their innovations about the causes and effects of acid rain. The Senate bill fails to address and cor­ from our patent laws? But we also share the belief of many of our rect documented labeling abuses involving Mr. Speaker, it is a major undertaking to state's citizens that we can take reasonable U.S. approved drugs. evaluate these issues, but my subcommittee steps now to reduce our emissions even fur­ ther while we wait for research results and Mr. Speaker, it is true that most other will do so. Without the answers to ques­ for national legislation. nations permit the export of unapproved tions like these, Congress will not have suf­ The new technologies we're proposing for drugs and impose few if any restrictions. Is ficient information to determine whether our plants are surely part of the overall that justification to lower U.S. standards? legislation in this area is needed. answer. Or, is it cause to encourage developed na­ Last February we announced plans to tions to enact export standands similar to demonstrate the nation's first pressurized WISCONSIN ELECTRIC POWER: A fluidized bed combustion system at our Port the United States, take responsibility for WORTHWHILE PROJECT the products they manufacture and demon­ Washington Power Plant. An international strate respect for the foreign consumers funding effort is under way now so that we can proceed with that project. they serve? HON. F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER OF WISCONSIN Today we are announcing plans to build The policies of the United States affect­ the world's largest atmospheric fluidized ing the international community should IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bed combustion plant, converting four of convey our traditions of justice, compas­ Monday, December 16, 1985 the generating units at our Oak Creek sion, and fair play. The legacy of this Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, Power Plant to this new technology for the Nation is too important to mirror the clean burning of coal. The conversion will Wisconsin Electric Co., a company which reduce sulfur dioxide emissions by 90 per­ image and judgments of other govern­ has consistently pressed for improved effi­ ments. The United States should be proud cent from the four units which represent ciency and has earned a place among the 500,000 kilowatts, or about 15 percent of our of its long tradition of attempting to pro­ leaders of its industry, has recently an­ coal-fired capacity. The Oak Creek Plant is vide foreign consumers of U.S. drug prod­ nounced a plan for making use of the latest Wisconsin's largest coal-fired power plant. ucts the same standard of safety that it technologies as part of a major $600 mil­ Construction of four AFBC units at Oak provides American consumers. lion commitment to upgrading its efficien­ Creek along with the use of lower-sulfur This philosophy, this legal standard, af. cy and reducing its impact on the environ­ coal in all other major generating units on firms in the clearest sense, our Nation's ment. our system will decrease sulfur dioxide emis­ commitment to human rights. It confirms sions from our plants by 42 percent com­ The chairman of Wisconsin Electric, pared to 1980 levels. That's a reduction of our commitment to the promotion of ex­ Charles McNeer, has estimated that overall ports based upon the quality and safety of 90,000 tons of S02 per year. The figures are his company's continuing improvements even more significant if we look back to the product rather than pursuit of econom­ will result in a cumulative 50 percent re­ 1970 and compare our system then to the ic advantage. duction in sulfur dioxide emissions, com­ system we'll have in place by 1992. Mr. Speaker, I expect the Subcommittee bined with an increase in generating capac­ We will have achieved a 50 percent reduc­ on Health and the Environment will begin ity of 64 percent in the 1970 to 1992 period, tion in s~ emissions despite an increase in hearings on this legislation early in the when the recently announced upgradings generating capacity of 64 percent. That's a reduction of 125,000 tons of S02 per year. second session. The hearings will be com­ will be in place. prehensive and deal with a wide range of Besides taking steps to reduce emissions, Of particular interest is the pioneering our plans call for modernizing the other issues affecting the production of unap­ use of pressurized fluidized bed combustion units at Oak Creek and Port Washington to proved drug products, the fair and safe pro­ technology at the Port Washington power­ extend their lives. motion of U.S.-approved drug overseas, and plant, which is in my district, which is part Total cost of this modernization and the effect of U.S. export policy upon world of the company's proposed program under clean-air effort will be about $600 million. health. There are numerous, important the Federal Clean Coal Technology Pro­ For our investment, we'll be getting a clean­ questions which are raised by this impor­ gram. At the Oak Creek plant, the company er and more efficient generating system. Further, a peak workforce of 875 construc­ tant legislation that must be answered. plans to add four units to atmospheric flu­ Will a change in our export policy to­ tion people will be involved over the six idized bed combustion, to make it the larg­ years of work. About 700 workers will be uti­ wards unapproved drugs generate new U.S. est such plant in the world using this tech­ lized at Oak Creek; 500 for the AFBC jobs? The drug companies first said 50,000 nology. project alone. At Port Washington, it will new jobs would be created, but then The 6-year project will mean a peak work mean a peak construction workforce of 175 changed the estimate to 8,000. We will seek force of 875 workers at the two plants. workers. objective data. I am submitting for the RECORD the text This is our blueprint for Wisconsin Elec­ Will the drug companies really close pro­ tric's future, ensuring a cleaner environ­ of Mr. McNeer's announcement, which ment and promising reliable electricity sup­ duction facilities overseas and repatriate gives the details of this far-reaching effort. those jobs to the United States? They say plies for our customers. And it's less costly STATEMENT OF CHARLES MCNEER than other options for achieving such sig­ so. We will investigate. For decades, Wisconsin Electric has been nificant emissions reductions and maintain­ Under S. 1848, will the export of less­ an industry leader in power production ing adequate energy supplies. than-fully tested unapproved drugs for technology. So not only will our plan address acid rain tropical diseases and other "health condi­ Our East Wells Power Plant was the first concerns, it will also extend the lives of sev­ tions • • • which do not exist to a signifi- to bum pulverized coal. Lakeside Power eral of our generating units to promise reli- 37496 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 17, 1985 able generating supplies and it will do all H.J. RES. 465 president of the domestic brokerage division this without a financial burden on our cus­ SEc. 105. In view of the financial crisis at American International Group Inc., "will tomers. In other words, it will keep Wiscon­ facing many farmers, resulting from embar­ go up even farther in the first six months of sin competitive in terms of economic devel­ goes and suspension of exports in 1973, 1986." opment, improving our economic environ­ 1974, 1975, and 1980, and failure to use the NASTY SURPRISES ment at the same time we enhance the qual­ Commodity Credit Corporation for a loan ity of our natural environment. Despite steep price hikes, reinsurers have program which led to a fair price from the shrunk from the risks of taking _on much user, the Secretary of Agriculture shall ·use new business-or have withdrawn from the SAVE THE FAMILY FARM his authority under existing law to provide U.S. market altogether. Among those turn­ for nonrecourse loans on basic agricultural ing their backs are some foreign reinsurers, commodities at such levels as will reflect a including members of scandal-shaken HON. JOHN CONYERS, JR. fair return to the farm producer above the OF MICHIGAN Lloyd's of London, the world's main reinsur­ cost of production, and to issue such regula­ ance exchange CBW-Nov. 25>. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions as will carry out this provision and as Reinsurers cite skyrocketing court judg­ will provide for payment by the purchaser, Monday, December 16, 1985 ments in the U.S. as the main reason for rather than by appropriation, for basic com­ walking away. They also claim that they are Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, I along modities sold for domestic use and the Sec­ being forced to shell out for damages they with several of my colleagues have taken it retary of Agriculture shall issue such regu­ never thought they were covering-those re­ upon ourselves to write the conferees on lations as will enable producers of any basic lated to products such as asbestos and agricultural commodity to produce the Agent Orange that weren't seen as massive­ the continuing resolution to urge them to amount needed for domestic consumption, support the Farm section in that measure. ly hazardous at the time the policies were to maintain the pipeline, and to regain and written. "We cannot price for future gener­ This section begins to map out a plan for retain by competitive sales our normal share recovery in rural America, something that ous court awards," says Michael G. Fitt, of the world market. chairman, president, and chief executive of­ is essential to the social and economic ficer at Employers Reinsurance Corp.. a health of the country. At this time, I would U.S. company that has abandoned a number like to submit this letter along with the rel­ of high-risk lines of insurance. "And we evant continuing resolution language into REINSURANCE KEY TO cannot price for future social goods decided the RECORD. INSURANCE CRISIS by the courts." HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Faced with new uncertainties, a lot of re­ Washington, DC, December 13, 1985. insurers are abandoning the business. That DEAR CONFEREES: Under the leadership of HON. JAMES J. FLORIO is particularly true on the product liability House Appropriations Chairman Jamie side, where "fifteen months ago 120 compa­ Whitten, the House approved language in OF NEW JERSEY nies were writing reinsurance. Now there the continuing resolution which would be a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are only 50 to 60 left," says David J. major step toward solving the crisis in rural O'Leary, research director for Fox-Pitt, America. while saving billions of dollars in Tuesday, December 17, 1985 Kelton Inc., a stock brokerage firm special­ unnecessary appropriations. We write to ex­ Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, in the current izing in insurance. press our strong support for maintaining crisis in the unavailability of liability in­ As reinsurers pull back, insurers are find­ the agriculture provisions, sections 105 and ing it harder to meet the insurance demands 106, contained in the House Continuing Res­ surance, an important factor is the avail­ of commercial clients. "A lot of good indus­ olution. ability of reinsurance, Reinsurance is not trial companies used to easily get $200 mil­ Section 105 directs the Secretary of Agri- subject to the same degree of State regula­ lion to $300 million in liability coverage," culture to use existing law to implement the tion as is insurance, and foreign companies says Donald A. Thomas, executive vice­ Commodity Credit Corporation for the loan play a significant role in the reinsurance president of Crump Cos. "Now they're lucky program upon which farm commodity prices to get $50 million, and even then we want are set. This would establish a fair price market. Members who are concerned about the insurance crisis should be aware of the more money up front in premiums." based on the cost of production. It provides Union Carbide Corp., for one, had an esti­ for commodity payment by the commodity reinsurance situation. It is a matter my mated $300 million in liability insurance purchaser rather than by Committee appro­ subcommittee will be examining in our in­ before the Bhopal disaster, which has let priation. It has been the law for the past surance inquiry. An article on this subject loose a flood of lawsuits. Now, industry forty years, and has been proven effective in from Business Week follows. sources speculate, Carbide might find its promoting a prosperous agriculture in Now EvEN INSURERS HAVE A HARD TIME policies impossible to renew. America. Section 106 recognizes the burden placed GETTING COVERAGE GIANT GAP upon the family farmer by the embargoes Property and casualty insurers, after six Even companies with much better records during the past decade and, in that regard, years of debilitating cutthroat competition, are having trouble. The Insurance Services requires the Secretary to adjust principle have finally been able to post higher premi­ Office, an industry trade group, estimates and interest on outstanding loans on a case ums and make them stick. But now they're that the gap between insurance offered and by case basis depending on the extent to finding themselves with a supply-side crisis. the coverage corporations ought to have will which the farmer was unfairly hurt due to They can't write as much new business as be as high as $62 billion over the next three foreign policy. Also, this section modestly their corporate customers want to buy, and years. Even at steeply escalated rates, the establishes a 12 month moratorium on fore­ some can't even renew existing policies. The group calculates, the industry's premium closures until the Secretary determines the trouble this time: They, too, are being faced income in 1987 will fall 18% short of the exact amount due to the farmer. with the equivalent of a supply squeeze in amount business customers would be willing In the midst of our nation's severe budget the amount_of reinsurance they can buy. to pay. crisis, we can no longer afford to have farm­ Little-known and even less well-under­ As one response, primary insurers and re­ ers depend on the Treasury for survival. At stood, reinsurers are insurers of last resort insurers alike are engaged in an allout as­ best that is only a band-aid solution. The who back up the primary policy-writers and sault to reduce their exposure in the courts. farm dollar should not come from the Ap­ one another. By turning over a portion of They're also trying to institute new types of propriations Committee: it should come their premium income to reinsurers, insur­ policies limiting future liability. Several are from the market. Twenty-two million rural ance companies can spread their risks and backing federal legislation being drafted by and urban jobs are ultimately at stake. increase their capacity. Last year the rein­ Senator John C. Danforth CR-Mo.> that Maintaining sections 105 and 106 in the surers' share was $11.3 billion, 10% of pre­ would cap court awards. Whether these ap­ continuing resolution will return prosperity mium income. proaches will work is an open question. to rural America. This historic legislative In recent years, however, reinsurers have "There's a lot of talk, but our judicial initiative is essential to the survival of our paid out much more to primary insurers and system is very flexible. I don't see it chang­ nation's farmers. to each other than they ever expected, pro­ ing," says Wolfgang J. Buettner, president Sincerely, ducing large losses on some accounts and of American Intermediaries Inc. JOHN CONYERS, Jr., overall declines in their performance . Fed up, they are demanding price THE DUMB FACTOR EDOLPHUS TOWNS, increases ranging from 50% to 500% this A number of industry experts are less MICKEY LELAND, year. And both reinsurance and primary in­ quick to lay exclusive blame on the courts. Members of Congress. surance prices, predicts Thomas R. Tizzio, "The capacity shortage is a direct result of December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37497 reinsures failing to do our job and under­ MEDICAL MALPRACTICE: ity of the new GI bill is already enabling pricing our product, Cwhilel the losses are COSTING US ALL the Guard and Reserves to achieve this piling up," says Crump's Thomas. He traces goal. the problem to the mid-1970s, when high HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER STATE OF MISSISSIPPI, prices and market opportunities attracted a. MILITARY DEPARTMENT, flock of new entrants to the reinsurance OF ILLINOIS jackson, MS, December 3, 1985. business-ranging from small companies to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hon. G.V. MONTGOMERY, traditional insurer and even huge corpora­ Tuesday, December 17, 1985 House of Representatives, Rayburn House tions such as Phillips Petroleum Co., which Office Building, Washington, DC. set up a. foreign insurance-writing subsidi­ Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, our expen­ DEAR MR. MONTGOMERY: Your recent con­ ary. sive, inefficient, and inequitable system of tribution to the National Guard, "The New The lure was easy money-premium medical malpractice insurance and recov­ G.I. Bill", has proven to be a. most effective income that could be invested in the high­ ery is a problem which already significant­ recruiting incentive for the Mississippi Air yielding bonds of the time. Reinsurers often ly affects the cost and quality of health National Guard. With the a.id of this pro­ seemed cavalier about the risks that they care throughout the country and mounts in gram, the recruiters from the three Air were helping to underwrite. After all, a. rein­ Guard bases throughout the state are en­ seriousness every year. listing above average young people to bear a. surer pockets premium income from a. pri­ Even with recent tort reforms in many mary insurer up front, and loss claims usu­ proud heritage. ally don't start rolling in until years later. States, including my home State of Illinois, On June 11, 1986, more than fifty of these In the ensuing competitive fracas, howev­ the costs of malpractice insurance coverage individuals will depart Mississippi for Lack­ er, "Many of the new players cut prices, are going through the roof. With yearly in­ land AFB, Texas, to begin basic training. grabbed for market share, but didn't under­ surance premiums up to $80,000, no wonder From that point forward, they will carry the stand the risks," says Joseph R. Aspland, that many fine doctors are asking them­ distinction of being a. member of the "Mis­ general manager of the reinsurance division selves if they can afford to continue using sissippi Magnolia Flight". A luncheon is being planned for the da.y of Allstate Insurance Co. "I call it the their talents and training to deliver babies, of their departure to honor members of the 'dumb factor.'" Most established reinsurers to set broken bones, and to perform neuro­ "flight" and their families. The local media were equally guilty of price-cutting, howev­ surgery. will also be invited to attend. . er, as they fought to preserve market share. The consumer ultimately pays the bills This event would be greatly enhanced by Stung by unexpected losses, a. number of for malpractice insurance as well as the your presence as guest speaker. If this re­ companies, including Phillips, left the busi­ hidden costs, amounting to billions of dol­ quest can be worked into your busy sched­ ness. More worrisome, about 31 insolvencies ule, the program will remain flexible to ac­ have been recorded in the past two years lars annually, of defensive medicine and expensive tort litigation. These costs must commodate your needs. (page 134>. Most recently, Mission Insur­ Thank you for your consideration into ance Co., a unit of Mission Insurance Group be controlled. this matter, and a.s always I remain. Inc., was declared insolvent by the Califor­ We must focus simultaneously on quality Sincerely, nia Insurance Dept. in October, largely be­ control of those few unprofessional doctors CLAUDE A. HOLLAND, Col, MS ANG, cause of its reinsurance woes. " It became a and tort lawyers whose actions ultimately Executive Suppor t Staff Officer. more significant player in the reinsurance hurt everyone. business at the wrong time," notes R ichard New data being collected for Congress by M. Haverland, a Mission director and execu­ the GAO should help guide our policy deci­ FAREWELL TO MR. SABA tive vice-president at a unit of American Fi­ sions on a package of reforms to insure the QURAISHI nancial Corp., which owns 49.9% of Mission. continuing availability of good medical State regulators are negotiating with AFC­ care for everyone. itself controlled by investor Carl H. HON. MERVYN M. DYMALLY Lindner-to bail out M~ion. OF CALIFORNIA With even a big company like Mission in­ NEW GI BILL ALREADY A IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES solvent, insurance companies have grown as SUCCESS queasy about their reinsurers as the reinsur­ Tuesday, December 17, 1985 ers are about sharing risks with insurance companies or each other. So insurers have HON. G.V. (SONNY) MONTGOMERY Mr. DYMALLY. Mr. Speaker, for the embarked on a wholesale flight to quality. OF MISSISSIPPI past 4 months Mr. Saba Quraishi under­ And that is aggravating the capacity IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES took an internship in my Washington crunch. The trend is "benefiting the big re­ office. I wish to take this opportunity to insurers," says John L. Gilbert, a New York Tuesday, December 17, 1985 share with the membership of this House reinsurance broker. "They know it, and Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Speaker, al­ my appreciation of this young man's serv­ right now they're charging a high price to though the new GI bill has only been in ices. do business with them." effect since July l, 1985, it is already doing Mr. Quraishi is a student at the Universi­ No one expects large amounts of new what so many of us said it would do-that ty of California, Santa Barbara campus. He supply to close the insurance gap anytime is, bring more high quality young people chose to learn about the operations of Con­ soon. Reinsurers familiar with the situation into the National Guard and Selected Re­ gress on a voluntary basis in lieu of a se­ in the U.S. are just too nervous to begin an­ mester in school. That is a sacrifice worth other round of aggressive marketing. But a serve. The following letter from Col. Claude new batch of foreigners has begun to evince Holland of the Military Department of the noting, and one that earned him a position that old fatal attraction for the U.S. State of Mississippi, is typical of those I on my staff. market. Now that reinsurers have jacked up have received since the July 1 startup date Unfortunately, all good things end at prices so high, reinsurers from Finland, for this new educational assistance pro­ some point. It has been a pleasure, howev­ Sweden, and West Germany have made ten­ gram. The word is out that in exchange for er, for me and my staff to have worked tative forays here. Meanwhile, a. few domes­ a 6-year commitment in the Guard or Re­ with this student during his internship. His tic manufacturers have begun setting up serves, a young man or woman will receive contributions to the constituents of the 31st self-insurance units. $140 a month for 36 months in education District of California are greatly appreciat­ For some industry watchers, these new en­ benefits. ed. Mr. Quarishi was responsible for gath­ tries are evidence of a. suicidal flaw in the The National Guard and Selected Re­ ering support for a minority business piece market. In the rueful view of American In­ serves are the initial and primary source of legislation I offered. In addition, he as­ termediaries' Buettner, "Reinsurers can't sisted in responding to constituent requests stand prosperity, and every time prices im­ for augmentation of the Active Forces in prove, someone tries to raise their market any future emergency requiring a rapid and correspondences, and monitored the share by cutting prices." But until that da.y and substantial expansion of the Active operations of the House Subcommittee on comes again, the outlook is for a. continuing Forces. As such, it is critical that the Asian and Pacific Affairs. capacity shortage and costlier coverage for Guard and Reserves stay fully manned by Mr. Speaker, since coming to Congress I U.S. businesses-whose need for insurance is high quality personnel. As reflected by the have established a reputation for constant growing a.11 the time. letter from Colonel Holland, the availabil- employment of congressional interns and 37498 EXTE~SIONS OF REMARKS December 17, 1985 fellows. I am proud to say that most of bishops had protested to President Daniel CFrom the New York Times, Nov. 29, 19851 them have been of top quality. Mr. Qurai­ Ortega over the censorship and insisted that MICHIGAN CHEMICAL HAZARD LEADS TO shi certainly added to that record. The fac­ the letter be made public. DISPUTE ulty and administration at the University Capt. Nelba Blandon, director of the com­ munications office, said Tuesday, "We have CHARLEVOIX, MICH., Nov. 28.-A chemical of California-Santa Barbara should be believed to cause cancer has been seeping pleased with the efforts of this student, and not prohibited publication or diffusion of the letter from the pope." into underground water supplies here, and I commend them for the education they But she added that by law anything that Gov. James J. Blanchard and the Federal have provided to this individual. He cer­ is to be published in the country must be re­ Environmental Protection Agency are dis­ tainly will be a welcomed addition to the viewed by her office. puting how the problem should be handled. University of California-San Diego where Traces of the chemical, trichloroethylene, Jamie Chamorro, director of the opposi­ or TCE, which is used to dryclean clothes he was transferred. My service in Congress tion newspaper La Prensa, said the newspa­ has benefited from him, and I hope that and degrease machinery, were found in the per sent the letter to the censorship office Charlevoix water system four years ago. this internship has benefited his education. last Saturday with material to be published The amount of material did not present Mr. Speaker, I urge Members of this body that day. an immediate health hazard, Federal offi­ to join me and my staff in thanking Mr. He said the government then closed the cials said, but they decided an alternative Quraishi for his contributions to this Con­ newspaper for two days because it disclosed water source would be necessary. gress, and wish him all the best in his to other journalists material that censors The environmental agency designated the future endeavors. Thank you Saba and best had eliminated from the newspaper. The town's water problem as No. 359 on its list wishes. letter was published in Tuesday's paper, he of 538 contaminated sites around the nation said. eligible for special cleanup funds. Under The pope said in the letter that "in recent that program, the agency is financing a $3.5 ORTEGA'S MINIONS CENSOR weeks difficulties in pastoral action . . . million plant that is to provide this resort THE POPE have increased." He added that he holds town with clean, treated water from Lake "the firm hope that the existing problems Michigan. can be resolved soon in a satisfactory HON. BOB LIVINGSTON manner." POINT OF DISPUTE OF LOUISIANA Although the Governor and the agency IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES agreed on the need for the water treatment plant, they disagree on what should be done Tuesday, December 17, 1985 PERMANENT SOLUTIONS TO with the contaminated ground water that Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Speaker, the San­ TOXIC WASTE MUST BE FOUND remains. dinista regime in Nicaragua continues its E.P.A. researchers said a drum of the repression of the church in Nicaragua and HON. JAMES J. FLORIO chemical was apparently dumped on the of those who try to speak and print the grounds of the Charlevoix Middle School OF NEW JERSEY about 30 years ago. It seeped into the truth, rather than the party line established ground and eventually reached the well that by the Marxist Sandinistas. The Sandinista IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES supplies the town with drinking water. The regime's edicts require that everything to Tuesday, December 17, 1985 well is about 400 yards west of the school be published in Nicaragua be reviewed by and 100 yards from Lake Michigan. the censors in the Sandinista Government's Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, one of the In June the environmental agency recom­ communications office. You can print only most important initiatives contained in the mended that the chemical be left to seep what they let you print and only when they Superfund reauthorization legislation (H.R. naturally into Lake Michigan and called for let you print it. The decisions are complete­ 2817) recently passed by the House is lan­ regular monitoring. Jack Kratzmeyer, reme­ guage mandating the implementation of dial project manager in the E.P.A.'s Chicago ly arbitrary-today you cannot print it, or office, said the process would take about 50 maybe tomorrow you can print it, or permanent treatment technologies for years. He said the chemical would not pose maybe you cannot print it, but you can cleanup of toxic wastes whenever such so­ a health hazard so long as no one drank read it on the radio once, and so on. The lutions are feasible and achievable. As we from any wells in the area between the Boston Globe of December 12, 1985, carried prepare to go to conference with the other school and the lake. The program would an article which shows just one example of body, the importance of retaining these cost $160,140, the agency said. the arbitrary repressiveness of Daniel Orte­ provisions in the final legislation cannot be GOVERNOR'S CRITICISM ga's Sandinistas censors. underemphasized. Mr. Blanchard opposes the agency's plan. The article follows: A recent incident in Charlevois, Ml, pro­ He says it is the first time the E.P.A. has de­ CFrom the Boston Globe, Dec. 12, 19851 vides an excellent example of the need for cided not to remove a hazardous chemical NICARAGUA CENSORS LETTER F'ROM POPE, the Congress to require the Environmental from a cleanup site in the Great Lakes THEN RETRACTS AND Allows PuBLISHING Protection Agency [EPA] to undertake per­ region. "Letting the contaminant remain until it MANAGUA, NICARAGUA.-Government cen- manent solutions to such toxic hazards. is finally sponged up in the lake sets a dan­ sors deleted most of a letter from Pope Some 30 years ago, a spill of the deadly gerous precedent for the Great Lakes John Paul II about tensions between the chemical trichloroethylene [TCEJ began to basin," he said in a recent interview. "I will church and state, then allowed its publica­ seep into the town's ground water. The site tion and broadcast in full, radio and newspa­ go to Washington myself to exert all the in­ per spokesmen said. of the spill was eventually placed on the fluence I have in Congress, where I served The letter, sent by the pope for Monday's Superfund national priorities list. four terms, to persuade the E.P.A. to change Unfortunately, when it came time to for­ this decision.'' celebration of the Day of the Immaculate David Dempsey, the Governor's environ­ Conception, urged church leaders to not be mulate cleanup plans for this site, EPA an­ mental specialist, said in a telephone inter­ discouraged by "intimidation and criticism nounced that it planned to simply allow the of ministers" in Nicaragua. view from Lansing, "It means nothing that chemical to be gradually absorbed into the TCE can't be detected in the lake now The manager of Radio Catolica, Alberto Lake Michigan rather than undertaking because it will show up in the fish eventual­ Caraballo, said the letter "was mutilated by ly.'' censors last Dec. 7 and we decided not to any measures to remove it from the ground transmit it that way, since our interpreta­ water. This inadequate remedy has been "But it isn't just a question of public vigorously protested by Michigan's Gover­ health," he added. "The real question is tion was that the government did not want whether we have a clean environment in the people to know the true message from nor and other State officials. and of itself, for its own sake.'' the pope." The inadequate remedy proposed by EPA Caraballo said the government censorship at Charlevoix is just the kind of proposal PLAN IS DEFENDED bureau, known as the Office for Communi­ that would be prevented by the Superfund Mr. Katzmeyer of the Federal environ­ cations Media, later ordered that the letter mental agency defended the E.P.A. plan. be broadcast in full "but only one time, legislation we recently passed. I commend "I think our decision is entirely consistent which we did Tuesday at noon." a recent article from the New York Times with the law which governs cleanups," he Sources in Radio Catolica, who spoke on describing the controversy to my col­ said in a telephone interview. "The levels of condition of anonymity, said Nicaraguan leagues' attention. TCE that reach the lake now are not detect- December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37499 able by any means now available, because systematic human rights violations. Also ference. Mr. Cerezo, an admirer of Clause­ the plume is so wide and diffused. included is a provision that the concerned witz. suggests that his deference to the mili­ "We have been running tests constantly in governments are making progress in creat­ tary is part of a grand strategy. yielding to the area out in front of the present well and realities. That Judgment. backed by the where we are installing the intake for the ing law enforcement agencies and judicial voters, should not be second-guessed from new system," he added, "and at no time systems that investigate and prosecute afar. Americans Join in hailing his victory, have we been able to detect any TCE." criminal acts, and that the aid will achieve and his promise. He said it would cost $4.4 million to pump the purpose of professionalizing independ­ up all water containing any trace of the ent police agencies. chemical and clean it. Given, the history of repressive military A PICTURE OF AN ECONOMY rule in Guatemala, some conditions on as­ WITHOUT MASSIVE DEFICITS A FIRST STEP IN GUATEMALA: sistance of this nature appear to be appro­ WE SHOULD HELP THE DEMO­ priate. While there are certain inherent HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER CRATIC PROCESS risks in providing aid of this kind to Guate­ mala, the planned training program will OF ILLINOIS HON. WM. S. BROOMFIELD serve to reform the security forces whose IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES present performance and behavior leave Tuesday, December 17, 1985 OF MICHIGAN much to be desired. It is essential that the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES military and police units in that country be Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, the Com­ Tuesday, December 17, 1985 part of this reform effort. Of great impor­ merce Department estimates that our Na­ tion's GNP grew 3.3 percent in the third Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I am tance is the fact that the program has a large human rights component in its train­ quarter. hopeful that progress along the road to de­ New car purchases and Government mocracy in Guatemala will continue. Given ing schedule. We must do all that we can to encourage spending led the rise. The auto companies the fragile nature of this first step, how­ offered below market interest rate financ­ ever, that problem-plagued country needs the ongoing democratic trends in Guatema­ la. Guatemalan security forces need our ing and consumers responded. our help in many respects. We must do all Of course, Mr. Speaker, the auto compa­ that we can to ensure that the flame of de­ help. They have a long way to go. Although we cannot be absolutely sure of the final nies can't offer cut rate financing forever. mocracy continues to burn in Guatemala. Eventually they will be forced to return to Helping Guatemala is a risk worth taking. outcome of this training effort, we must take a chance and work with Guatemala in our still relatively high market rates. Those The recent election of Marco Vinicio rates are the price that our Government Cerezo Arevalo bodes well for the move­ this important area of counterterrorist training. It is a risk worth taking. must pay to convince free people to invest ment toward democracy in Guatemala. The with Uncle Sam. They are the price of fi. elections were free and the voter turnout I urge my colleagues to support the Senate ".ersion of the President's Central nancing a $2 trillion national debt increas­ was impressive. He is a brave Christian ing by over half a billion dollars a day. Democrat who is determined to make Gua­ American Counterterrorism Act of 1985 when it is considered in the House. With a balanced budget, Mr. Speaker, temala a better country. The military, how­ those rates would drop and the growth we ever, is still a powerful force in that poor With these comments in mind, I com­ mend the following New York Times edito­ have just seen in auto sales would occur country. throughout our economy. Over the years, human rights violations rial on democracy in Guatemala to my col­ leagues in the Congress. Congress, however, has avoided painful in Guatemala have been numerous and re­ deficit reduction, preferring the politically grettable. The Indians in the highland CFrom the New York Times, Dec. 12, 19851 safe approach of deficit stimulus even areas of Guatemala have suffered much. In A NEW CHANCE IN GUATEMALA during a period of relative prosperity. Our that region, leftist guerrilla groups operate For Guatemala, now comes the hard part. economy, Mr. Speaker, wallows in medioc­ against Government security forces. Thou­ The military, in power for most of 31 years, rity because of high interest rates, and sands of innocent Indians have died in that has honored its promise to permit the free insurgency. The indiscriminate use of force election of a civilian president. The vote Congress is to blame. We have met the seems to have been fair. The victor. with enemy and he is us. and insensitivity to the human rights of the the highest vote total in history, is an at­ mountain people by both parties in that tractive center-leftist, Marco Vinicio Cerezo struggle have been the cause of severe Arevalo, and he pledges to take charge with­ CONGRESSMAN AUGUSTUS F. problems in that area. Guatemalan police out vengeance against the military for its HAWKINS COMPLETES 50 CON­ have also created problems in the human murderous rule. If he succeeds, it will be a TINUOUS YEARS IN ELECTED rights area. Exposure to U.N. antiterrorism tremendous advance for democracy in Cen­ OFFICE techiques and giving human rights sensitiv­ tral America's largest, most developed coun­ ity training to police units will help reduce try. some of the problems in that long-suffering Success is far from certain. Mr. Cerezo HON. MERVYN M. DYMALLY plainly does not lack for courage; three as­ country. sassination attempts failed to deter his can­ OF CALIFORNIA Earlier in the year, the administration didacy. "The only way they are going to get IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sent to the Congress H.R. 3462, the Central me out of the palace is to carry me out Tuesday, December 17, 1985 American Counterterrorism Act of 1985. It dead," he defiantly proclaims. But in fact he provides counterterrorism training for ci­ has trimmed a bit, running a conservative Mr. DYMALLY. Mr. Speaker, in 1935, vilian police and military antiterrorism campaign. His Christian Democratic Party 249 Members of this 99th Congress has not units in certain Central American countries promised to respect landowners and finan­ yet been born. Franklin D. Roosevelt had to include Guatemala. The Senate version cial interests. to try no one for human recently replaced Herbert Hoover as Presi­ rights violations and to let the military dent, and Roosevelt had begun many of the of that proposal eliminated training for manage counterinsurgency. A new Constitu­ military units. Aid to the Guatemalan tion leaves the armed forces in control of programs that for the past 50 years have police is severely restricted. local government and legalizes the resettle­ shaped U.S. domestic policy; 1935 was the The proposed legislation requires that the ment of Indians into "model villages" and first year of Social Security. Back then President certify to Congress that an elect­ their conscription into civilian patrols. each Member of Congress represented ed civilian government is in power and that Human rights abuses against urban citizens about 280,000 people rather than the ap­ the new Government in Guatamala has may now decline, but what relief can be ex­ proximately 550,000 each of us now repre­ made progress toward controlling the mili­ pected in the countryside? sent. The fastest passenger plane, the new Swollen military budgets and endless war­ DC-3 could get a person to California in tary and ending human rights abuses by se· fare have contributed to a severe economic curity forces. The proposal also requires crisis. Foreign lenders and donors will feel about 18 hours of flight time. If you that the President report to Congress that more comfortable about helping a civilian wanted to go to Europe you took a dirigi­ the security forces in Guatemala and coun­ Government, but until priorities are reor· ble. Mass produced automobiles had been tries in Central America are not engaged in dered. new money may not make much di!- around the United States for only 27 years, 37500 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 17, 1985 and the assembly line was only 22 years ment in the field, no Member of Congress and the countries responsible must be pun­ old. is more qualified to hold the chairmanship ished. I encourage my colleagues to sup­ In fact, the automobile itself was less of the Education and Labor Committee port H.R. 3661. than 50 years old. It was 12 years before than is Chairman HAWKINS. The following is the Washington Times Gen. Chuck Yeager first broke the sound As a member of the Congressional Black article on the U.N. vote to condemn terror­ barrier, 22 years before humans first put Caucus, I think it significant to point out ism: something in space, and 34 years before a to my colleagues that AUGUSTUS HAWKINS, CFrom the Washington Times, Dec. 10, human being walked on the Moon. The with 22 years of congressional service, has 1985) Presidential likenesses on Mount Rush­ served the people of the country longer U.N. OKs ANTITERROR RESOLUTION-ITS more were still being sculpted. There was than any other present black Member of FIRST no atom bomb. Martin Luther King, Jr., Congress. He is the 27th black person in our Nation's history to serve in the House was 6 years old. We are often so caught up NEW YORK.-The U.N. General Assembly in the rush forward that we take little time of Representatives. I hope to have the good yesterday approved by consensus a resolu­ to look back and realize just how many fortune to be a Member of this body on tion that condemned terrorist acts as changes our world has undergone in 50 that day in 1990 when the members of the "criminal"-the first time the world body years. A milestone event occurred in this Black Caucus will raise a toast to celebrate has unequivocally passed such a resolution year of 1985 that has given me pause to the fact that AUGUSTUS HAWKINS, in his condemning terrorism. look back. You see, this year marks the 55th continuous year in elected office, will The resolution was hailed by U.S. Ambas­ 50th continuous year that our respected have served in the Congress longer than sador to the United Nations Vernon A. Wal­ friend and colleague AUGUSTUS HAWKINS any other black person in history. If I am ters, who said it was "a symbol of new times." has held elective office. He has never lost here on that day it will be in large part be­ "Every country has felt this in its flesh," an election. cause I have tried to live up to an ideal de­ Gen. Walters said. He won a seat in the California State As­ fined by Congressman HAWKINS' own view The U .N. text loosely defined terrorism as sembly on his first try, defeating a Republi­ of public service: "acts ... in all its forms which endanger or can incumbent who had held the seat since The leadership belongs not to the loudest, take innocent lives, jeopardize fundamental 1919. Congressman HAWKINS served in the not to those who beat the drums or blow freedoms and seriously impair the dignity of State assembly for 28 years before coming the trumpets, but to those who day in and human beings." to Congress in 1962. He was during those day out, in all seasons, work for the practi­ Yesterday's vote in the General Assembly 28 years the author of many ground break­ cal realization of a better world-those who came after the assembly's legal committee ing pieces of legislation. And those out­ have the stamina to persist and to remain on Friday overwhelmingly approved it by a dedicated. To those belong the leadership. vote of 118 to 1, with Cuba voting against it. standing legislative accomplishments fore­ A Western diplomat, speaking privately told the mission of advocacy for laborers after yesterday's vote, said he understood that would mark his career in the U.S. U.N. CONDEMNS TERRORISM other members of the 101-member Non­ House of Representatives. Among other Aligned Movement had been furious with things, those important pieces of legislation HON. JOE BARTON Cuba, which apparently found its isolation set a minimum wage for women, created in Committee "not so splendid." OF TEXAS After the assembly adopted the anti-ter­ workman's compensation for domestics, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES disability insurance, low-cost housing for rorism resolution yesterday, there was a Tuesday, December 17, 1985 sharp exchange of words between the lsrae· the poor, fair housing practices, an old age Ii delegate and other Middle Eastern repre­ pension, fair employment practices, and Mr. BARTON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, on sentatives. child care centers. December 9, 1985, 118 members of the U.N. Israeli Ambassador Benjamin Netanyahu In the assembly, Mr. HAWKINS rose to General Assembly voted in favor of a reso­ charged that terrorists have continued to assume key chairmanships that made him lution condemning terrorist acts as crimi­ murder people "because for years they have one of the most powerful members of the nal. The only dissenter was Cuba; a haven gotten away with murder." assembly. He was chairman of the rules for airline hijackers for years. Although "Some of the states that voted for resolu­ committee as well as chairman of the the U.N. resolution is symbolic in nature, it tion are the worst offenders," Mr. Netan­ yahu said. "They don't prosecute terrorists, senate and assembly joint legislative orga­ is noteworthy in that this is the first time they defend them. They don't prevent hi­ nization committee, the primary committee the United Nations has fundamentally con­ jackings, they encourage them. They don't position in the State legislature. His deci­ demned terrorism. extradite terrorists, they give them villas sion to seek a seat in Congress was espe­ The U.S. Ambassador to the United Na­ and cash bonuses." cially significant for me. I won the seat he tions, Gen. Vernon Walters described the Mr. Netanya.hu deplored the attempt to vacated. In effect, I owe the beginning of resolution as, "a symbol of new times." legitimize terrorism by linking it to "a strug­ my political career to AUGUSTUS HAWKINS, With 70 percent of International acts of gle for self-determination." and I am thankful for the long and warm Israel had abstained on the voting in the terrorism in the last year directed at U.S. committee because the resolution referred friendship I have shared with him. citizens, it is time to turn symbolism into to self-determination. However, Israel yes­ In the Congress, AUGUSTUS HAWKINS' action. The people of this great Nation de­ terday Joined other member nations in name is associated with legislation that has serve to be protected when outside of our unanimously approving the resolution. provided opportunity for the disadvantaged borders and should not be at the mercy of The resolution's preamble reaffirms the of the country. Congressman HAWKINS was barbarous thugs who commit acts of terror­ "inalienable right to self-determination and a primaray author of the Comprehensive ism. Countries who support and encourage independence of all peoples under colonial Employment and Training Act, the major terrorism should not be treated as our and racist regimes and other forms of alien Job Training Program of the Federal Gov­ domination" and upholds "the legitimacy of friends. their struggle, in particular the struggle of ernment from 1978 to 1982. He also guided The representatives of such criminal gov­ national liberation movements." the Job Training Partnership Act, the suc­ ernments as Iran, Syria, and Libya all of However, the paragraph says the struggle cessor to CETA to final passage in 1982. whom voted for the resolution, need to must be "in accordance with the purposes Each year when we debate the budget on demonstrate their commitment to fight ter­ and principles of the CU .N.] Charter." the House floor, time is set aside to discuss rorism. My colleague from the other side of Zehdi Labib Terzi, the observer from the the ideals reflected in the Humphrey-Haw­ the aisle, MORRIS UDALL and I have intro­ Palestine Liberation Organization, praised kins Full Employment and Balanced duced H.R. 3661, the Anti Terrorism Trade the resolution and claimed that his organi­ Growth Act. Mr. HAWKINS is the HAWKINS Preference Act of 1985, which will put teeth zation was against terrorism. He then urged the international community to force Israel of Humphrey-Hawkins. The law, Public into our rhetoric on combating terrorism. to halt "its terrorist activity against the Law 95-523, has served for nearly a decade The bill would deny trade preferences to people in the occupied territories." to define the ultimate Federal goal in the countries that support terrorism. It was "ironic," as one Western diplomat jobs area: full employment and balanced International terrorism and atrocities put it, to hear Iran, Syria., Libya., the PLO growth. Based on legislative accomplish- aimed at Americans must not be tolerated and Iraq-all at one time or another sus- December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37501 pected of backing terrorism-speak out BLACK AMERICAN WEST The exhibit is really a memorial to The Hat against acts of terror. MUSEUM Man of Larimer. In his own words: " ... Israel's Mr. Netanyahu stated that he Without God I couldn't have done any­ could not but chuckle when hearing state­ thing." ments from delegates of those nations who HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER Gallery No. 1 showcases findings of Blacks are "pioneers of terrorism." OF COLORADO in the early West from the 1700's to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1800's. Remember the Buffalo Soldiers? They were mappers, interpreters and guides HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, December 17, 1985 Washington, DC. November 1, 1985. for White fur traders. The Indians called DEAR COLLEAGUE: Terrorism against the Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, the De­ them Buffalo Soldiers because their hair re­ United States and her citizens is a cruel re­ cember issue of Odyssy West magazine has minded them of buffalo fur. ality that must be addressed. Recently we a profile on the Black American West The 1800's were the formative years for have witnessed the hijacking of a TWA air­ Museum in Denver. Blacks-a time to escape slavery and the The museum was started by Paul W. Homestead Act. Black wagon trains crossed liner and an Italian cruise ship. In both in­ the continent in search of a home to call stances, terrorists selected innocent Ameri­ Stewart, who has a collection of over 35,000 their own. Blacks established self-sufficient cans for torture and murder. According to pieces of black American history. It is a towns, two of which were Nicodemos. Kan., the FBI, 50% of the international terrorist truly outstanding collection, and I am and Dearfield, Colo. The latter is widely incidents since 1968 were directed at Ameri­ pleased Odyssy West has given it the recog­ known for Bill Pickett, the most famous cans. nition it deserves. Black cowboy, and the first Black to be In some cases, the criminal acts of terror­ DENVER MUSEUM LINKS THE PAST WITH THE named to the Cowboy Hall of Fame. Pickett ism are the work of individuals and organi­ PRESENT invented the trick of bull-dogging, by roping zations that have little support in the world the bull and biting its lip so hard, the pres­ community. Their acts properly receive the sure would cause it to succumb. He was a condemnation of civilized people through­ During the two years with Lincoln, the self-promoter and often was featured in out the world. two became very close. "We drink from the movies in the early 1920's. However, the specter of state-supported same canteen," is the inscription on a pin Blacks were also in the military, taking terrorism has arisen in recent years. There Lincoln gave to him. During the Civil War, San Juan Hill with Teddy Roosevelt in the are nations that support terrorism and the several mines and "watering holes" were Spanish-American War of the late 1800's. It time has come for the U.S. to take direct owned by Blacks, where Black and White is a little known fact that the all-Black 10th action to force them to cease their support men stood side by side toasting the fruits of Cavalry should really be credited for that their labor. victory. for terrorist organizations. The U.S. is a When you walk into the Black American nation of great economic power and we feel Gallery No. 2 showcases mostly Denver West Musel,llll you can't help but get lost in history from 1800-1925. Blacks held every that it is entirely appropriate that to use the past, in the rich history and heritage of our economic power as a weapon against profession from musician to lawyer, from Black Americans. You can't help but doctor to entrepreneur-they covered the international terrorism. wonder what life must have been like for The legislation that we propose would those who helped to shape this country. gamut. The Colorado Statesman was the repeal trade preferences to nations that sup­ You can't help but wonder how it took the first Black newspaper, established in 1881. port terrorism. We were both surprised and sweat of their brows to harvest the land, Dr. Justina Ford was Denver's first Black disturbed to discover that some of the most and the ingenuity of their spirit to deal with woman doctor. Dr. Joseph Westbrook was criminal governments in the world, includ­ Indians on a long, lonesome wagon train instrumental in infiltrating the Ku Klux ing Iran, Libya, and Syria, enjoy Most Fa­ Klan, and because of his negotiations, the across barren land to a better life. And you Black community turned back the march of vored Nation status with the U.S. can't help but feel what we take for granted would have been a luxury for them. After an angry Klan group. Our legislation would repeal MFN status for In August of this year. Epsilon Nu Omega nations that support terrorism and subject all, much of this history has been deleted from America's history books and much of chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, them to higher tariffs and trade restric­ Inc., hosted a reception for the grand open­ tions. This is the very least our nation can this history has remained untold. But much of this history has been the ing of the Museum. Denver Councilman do to punish these criminal governments. Hiawatha Davis kicked off the three-day Special trade preferences should be reserved pride and joy of one man, and is on display in the Five Points area of Denver. event by cutting the ribbon to the Muse­ to our friends and allies, not nations that um's entrance. are attempting to murder our citizens. The Museum began as the personal hobby of Paul W. Stewart, who after meeting a "The Museum is a vital part of our cultur­ H.R. 3661, the Anti-Terrorism Trade Pref­ Black cowboy in his early years vowed to al heritage, and it is up to us to support its erence Act of 1985, would do three things: uncover all the material he could on other efforts," Davis said during the ceremony. First, require the Secretary of State to Black pioneers. His search has taken him to Several dignitaries joined in the festivities, maintain a list of countries that support ter­ nearly every comer of the West, gathering including Denver district Attorney Norm rorism and notify Congress whenever a personal artifacts, memorabilia, newspapers, Early, State Senators Regis Groff and country is removed from or added to the legal documents, clothing, letters, photo­ Dennis Gallagher, Building Developer Leroy list. The Secretary already maintains such a graphs and oral histories. The collection Smith and Denver City Councilman Bill list for other purposes. Second, deny trade consists of over 35,000 pieces of Black Amer­ Roberts. The event netted over $18,000 in preferences to any country on this list. ican history, and although the current col­ contributions, but this is only a fraction of Third, grant the President authority to lection has been 30 years of Stewart's work, the moneys needed to keep the Museum's waive this proscription if he finds that it is the story is still growing, and the Museum is programs going. not in the national interest. still collecting memories. On September 21, nearly 100 people gath­ Senator Lloyd Bentsen CD-Texas> has in­ The collection found its way from boxes ered at the City and County Building to troduced identical legislation in the other to its first home in 1964 in Stewart's East show their support for both the Museum body. This is important legislation that 34th Avenue barber shop. From there, it and the Justina Ford House, at a meeting of should become public law. We believe that was moved to donated space at Denver's the Mayor's Advisory Council for communi­ this bill could be a first step in the formula­ Clayton College on Martin Luther King ty development block grants. The Board of tion of a broad strategy to combat terrorism Boulevard in 1974. Presently, the collection Directors of the Museum will receive a against Americans. is housed at 608 26th Street at Welton. grant for $197,000 to tum the Ford House Any Member who wishes to be a cosponsor The Museum has two main galleries and a into a community center to serve the Five multi-purpose room. The latter show-cases Points area. Dr. Ford practiced out of her of H.R. 3661, the Anti-Terrorism Trade the works of visiting artists from around the home for 50 years, providing a haven for the Preference Act of 1985, should call Joe Kel­ nation. An interesting exhibit now on dis­ care and nourishment of many of Denver's liher at extension 5-0486. play is dedicated to LeRoy Wiley, owner of residents and delivering as many as 7,000 Sincerely, LeRoy's Electronics and for many years the babies during that time. JOE BARTON, only Black Larimer Street businessman. The Board has raised the money from pri­ MORRIS UDALL, Wiley also collected hats of all shapes and vate donations to more the house from its Members of Congress. sizes-over 2,000 in fact. lie would have cele­ original site to a lot on 31st and California. brated 32 years as a businessman this fall; It has been declared an historic landmark, but, on April 11, 1985, robbers shot and and with the help of the moneys from the killed this man who had such a zest for life. block grant, they hope to transform the 37502 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 17, 1985 house into a satellite of the Black American plaintiffs' lawsuits, has finally come to en­ Stephenson's first asbestos client was a West Museum. dorse the concept of an administrative pipe insulator who used asbestos in his The plan is to exhibit the rich history of compensation system which would decrease work. In most states, workers' compensation the Five Points area on the first floor of the the transaction costs of such awards. But laws bar a worker from suing his employer house. In the 1870's, Five Points was one of for damages beyond the compensation Denver's wealthiets areas, and by the 1930's other industries faced with the same poten­ award. But Stephenson rightly judged that was the jazz capital of the West. The second tial exposure to toxic tort cases still vigor­ liability suits against the suppliers of the in­ floor rooms will be turned into areas for ously resist both compensation systems and sulating material-the asbestos manufactur­ meetings and classes. Basic living skills, toxic tort law reform. ers, who failed to warn of danger-would such as winterizing your home, nutrition It may turn out that other manufacturers stand up. and health, will be taught; these are not of toxic substances will find themselves in If the heroes are the plaintiffs' lawyers, found at other local community centers the same position as the asbestos industry the villains are legion. Among them are The such as the Glenarm Recreation Center and New York Times and The Washington Post. the Five Points Community Center. in the next couple of decades. We can only hope that such industries do not wait until Their record illustrates what happens when It was the work of Stewart and Council­ editorial writers take on issues that they man Davis a year ago which saved this litigation has gotten out of hand to face the know little about-issues that appear house from demolition. "It is phenomenal issues posed by alternatives to the resolu­ straightforward but that are complex and that in twelve months, the Black communi­ tion of such disputes. problematic. That happens a lot, and it's of ty has seized a major victory for all Blacks AN UNSPARING LoOK AT THE ASBESTOS concern to journalists such as Brodeur. in this city," Davis commented. This grant TRAGEDY In 1983, The Washington Post ran an edi­ is the first of its kind to be awarded to a Paul Brodeur is a talented journalist. One torial on asbestos based on a report by Rand Black historical project like this in the of his talents is the ability to rouse indigna­ Corp. The Post argued that the tort of Black American heritage waiting for you. detailed history of the decades-long effort system was an inefficient way of compensat­ The Museum-at 26th and Welton-is open to hold the asbestos industry liable for the ing asbestos victims, largely because it was Wednesday through Friday from 10 a.m. to illness and death of thousands of asbestos so expensive. Brodeur points out that the 2 p.m., Saturday from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., and workers. newspaper failed to grasp that the largest Sunday from 2 p.m. to 5 p.m. Admission for The magnitude of the public-health prob­ part of the cost resulted from the manufac­ adults is $1.00; seniors, students and chil­ lem is difficult to overstate. From 1940 to turers' intransigence. "When asbestos vic­ dren under 16 pay only 50¢. Group rates and 1980, some 21 million Americans were ex­ tims were allowed to use the supposedly in­ tours are also available. posed to microscopic fibers of asbestos from efficient tort system," he writes, "it ap­ The Museum conducts various workshops insulation and other building materials. The peared to be compensating them at a splen­ for the community. Recently, Dr. Dent Wil­ fiber entered their lungs and, in a high pro­ did rate.... " liams, noted genealogist from Washington, portion of cases, caused cancer. From that Several politicians, notably Senator Gary D.C., held a workshop on tracing ancestry. group, the best estimate is that in each year Hart . in whose state Manville has The Museum also provides classroom educa­ until the turn of the century, 8,000 to 10,000 its headquarters, also come off badly. Hart tion and collaborates with many local events people will die of asbestos disease. twice introduced bills designed to bail out during Juneteenth, the Bill Pickett Rodeo What Brodeur demonstrates from court the asbestos companies by closing the court and Black History Month. records, corporate documents, and inter­ system to victims of asbestos disease and The Black American West Museum is still views is that the asbestos industry in gener­ setting up instead a less effective compensa­ growing and influencing others across the al, and Manville Corp. in particular, was tion system partly supported by tax dollars. country. The Museum has been commis­ aware since at least the 1930s of the dangers Brodeur calls such bills cynical and uncon­ sioned to host the American Museum Asso­ to their employees and to the employees of scionable, and he's persuasive. But his grasp ciation's convention next year. their customers, but knowingly suppressed of the politics of the issue, especially the The Black American West Museum: A me­ that knowledge. For years the manufactur­ question of political-action-committee con­ morial to those who built the West and ers contended, often successfully, that in­ tributions, is shaky. No one can accurately dedicated to the Black cowboy- a symbol of dustrial medicine was not sufficiently ad­ predict from Federal Election Commission how the West was won. vanced to diagnose asbestosis until the PAC reports how congressmen will vote. 1960s. Thus the defendants could not be Indeed, as Brodeur notes elsewhere, several held liable for failing to warn workers of senators who voted against Hart's bill re­ ASBESTOS INDUSTRY EXPERI­ danger. The drama of the book is in the la­ ceived corporate PAC money, including ENCE POSES LESSON FOR borious process by which the victims' law­ Ernest F. Hollings . who led the CHEMICAL INDUSTRY yers destroyed this defense. So thoroughly fight. did they do so that juries began to award Brodeur also discusses Manville's efforts HON. JAMES J. FLORIO not only compensation but also punitive to achieve Chapter 11 protection. The strug­ OF NEW JERSEY damages running into the hundreds of thou­ gle turned on statistics: How many people sands of dollars. Thus Brodeur's heroes are exposed to asbestos-fiber inhalation are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES not the victims but the plaintiffs' lawyers likely to contract asbestos diseases between Tuesday, December 17, 1985 who took their cases and, in increasing num­ 1982 and the end of the century? How many bers, won them. are likely to sue? How much could they col­ Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, one of the The irony is that these are trial lawyers of lect? Manville's goal was to shape the esti­ most important developments for the the unromantic sort who deal in personal mates of. experts so that the numbers were American court system in recent years has accident and negligence suits, workers' com­ large enough to justify to the bankruptcy been the filing of thousands of lawsuits by pensation law, and product liability actions. court protection under Chapter 11, but not, those who have contracted fatal diseases as Many work for fees contingent on winning a so large as to force involuntary bankruptcy a direct result of their exposure to hazard­ judgment and are held in low regard by col­ under Chapter 7. ous asbestos. A detailed history of this liti­ leagues in big corporate law firms, who call Manville succeeded, which makes Brodeur 'gation was recently published by Pantheon. them ambulance chasers and worse. unhappy. He believes that the bankruptcy Few of the protagonists in Brodeur's book and the inadequate settlements it will force Entitled "Outrageous Misconduct: The As­ attended Ivy League law schools. Ward Ste­ are bad public policy. One reason is that he bestos Industry on Trial," and authored by phenson, for example, whose zeal started never allows the story of corporate and big­ Paul Brodeur, this interesting commentary Manville's endless skein of troubles, was time legal maneuvering to detract from the was reviewed by Business Week and I com­ graduated from Southern Methodist Univer­ true center of gravity-the suffering of the mend the review to my colleagues' atten­ sity. Stephenson developed the strategy people who contracted asbestos disease. tion. that, says Brodeur, triggered "the greatest Periodically throughout the book, Bro­ Mr. Brodeur's description of the asbestos avalanche of toxic tort litigation in the his­ deur stops the action to tell the history of industry's travails contains some important tory of American jurisprudence." By the an individual worker and the nature of his end of 1982 about $600 million had been illness and death. These episodes are sober­ object lessons for other industries that paid out in claims, and one study estimated ing. At the end of the book, Brodeur pulls have not yet been hit with such challenges. that perhaps $40 billion would eventually be together extracts from letters collected by a For example, the asbestos industry, over­ paid. Manville itself ended by seeking pro­ medical researcher from the widows of as­ whelmed by the prospect of victorious tection under the bankruptcy laws. bestos workers. The composite cry of dis- December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37503 tress and loss is worth pondering in an age policies need timely revision to avoid the We have done our work well and accom­ devoted to cost-benefit analyses and statis­ damp surprise of mildew. plished much. But glorious as it was, it was tics. As Brodeur notes: "Statistics are These are not thoughts I offer for con­ yesterday's work. It is no surprise that there human beings with the tears wiped off." servatives, particularly those in power are still hungry children, unequal women, today. They have not been about the task of disadvantaged blacks, poor Hispanics and policy reform. Their mission has found per­ unemployed workers. We never promised PROGRESSIVE REFORM: "THE fect expression in the recent musings of the millenium in a generation-or even two! UNDERPINNING OF A STABLE that eminent constitutional scholar, Attor­ What we promised was to fight until we got DEMOCRACY" ney General Edwin Meese III, on the "Juris­ it right. What we promised was never to prudence of original intention." substitute the shield for the sword. Rather I direct my concern about the im­ HON. RICHARD J. DURBIN permanence of public policy at the likes of OF ILLINOIS myself, the liberals who have had such im­ AN IMMIGRANT'S SON BUILDING IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES portant effects on the public weal for 50 A CITY Tuesday, December 17, 1985 years. And I do so in the spirit of perhaps the most thoughtful reformer of our time. Mr. DURBIN. Mr. Speaker, Eleanor Martin Luther King, Jr., the great crusader, HON. CHARLES E. SCHUMER Holmes Norton of the Georgetown Univer­ refused to rest on his truly historic achieve­ OF NEW YORK "It sity Law Center was this year's recipient of ments. Rather, he said, is not a sign of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Center for National Policy Award. Her weakness but a sign of high maturity to rise acceptance speech deserves our attention to the level of self-criticism." To be sure, Tuesday, December 17, 1985 what we have accomplished has given some and reflection, particularly those seeking to of us something to defend for the first Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. Speaker, today, shape progressive public policy for our time-a social revolution begun by Roose­ would like to bring to my colleagues' atten­ country's future. velt and revised by Truman, Kennedy. tion the outstanding work of David Minkin, Ms. Norton tells us that progressive re­ Johnson and Carter, an enlightened and vig­ the president of the Kingsbrook Jewish formers cannot now sit back and simply orous trade union movement, a foreign out­ Medical Center, who was recently honored bask in our accomplishments. While we look that rejects multiple standards for at a dinner marking the 60th anniversary must remain rooted in the principles that human rights, and a domestic imperative of that important medical facility in that gives a central place to human rights have guided us, we should not cling to the for the historically excluded here at home. Brooklyn. In addition to his efforts on agenda of the past without looking to the With so much that is good to defend, our behalf of the Kingsbrook Jewish Medical needs of the present and the future. historic role as bearers of change could be Center, Mr. Minkin has been active in nu­ Leaders such as Eleanor Holmes Norton in jeopardy. Yet we still fancy ourselves as merous charities, such as Bonds for Israel, give us the spirit and direction to meet players for the offense. We still see our­ the United Hospital Fund, the United those challenges and move forward. I com­ selves as changemakers. In recent years, Jewish Appeal, and the Catholic Bishops' mend her timely remarks to my colleagues. though, our role as reformers has been Law Committee of the Diocese of Brook­ mightily tested. In the face of a wholesale REMARKS OF ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON attack on all we have achieved, we have lyn. Mr. Minkin's achievements as a philan­ Always embarrassed at the thought of been forced to defend and repel, to protect thropist and as a builder have improved being honored, my instinctive reaction was and preserve. It is an ironic posture, espe­ Brooklyn for all of us, and I am enclosing to offer to accept posthumously. The decli­ cially for the change agents of the 1960s an article that appeared in the New York nation of that offer by the Center accounts and 70s. Times, which describes his outstanding only partly for my presence here tonight. I It must not lead to comfort with the work on behalf of his fellow citizens and am here as well to turn the tables and do status quo, even a status quo of our own honor to the Center which has excelled in community. making. All that we have won, even the best The article follows: its first four years and which I have had the of it-from affirmative action to food privilege to serve as a founding board stamps-needs not only our protection, but CFrom the New York Times, June 23, 19851 member. I come also to honor the Center's our critical scrutiny. If there needs to be AN IMMIGRANT'S SON BUILDING A CITY first three presidents, Terry Sanford, Cyrus reform in our reforms, let it come from us. Vance and Edmund Muskie, who with grace For yesterday's reform held to uncritically and hard work have born the startup is today's conservatism. Brilliant as our The secret of real estate? "Buying future human costs of presiding at the birth of a changes have been, they need caring and development." new institution. And if I may shamelessly continuing change. For we achieved them So says 80-year-old David Minkin, who di­ carry through that metaphor, I come to do before the present administration created vides his time between Forest Hills and honor to the Center's midwives, its first two structural deficits and built an unprecedent­ Sands Point. He is not without experience staff members, Ted Van Dyke, its estimable ed and dangerous debt. We achieved them to justify his assertion. "I am a developer, and energetic First President and Maureen before the balance of payments showed ero­ builder, owner and manager of real estate Steinbrunner, its able research director. sion in our trade position. We achieved for over 50 years," he said. And he has been Their contributions are beyond both de­ them when the manufacturing sector was successful at it, too. scription and gratitude. still vigorous. We achieved them when the He has built and owned apartment houses The Center has suggested that in these country preferred the risk of reform to the and other properties in such places as Jack­ brief remarks, I might focus on the future. caution of the familiar. son Heights, Rego Park, Forest Hills and Ja­ Actually I am unable to focus elsewhere. What we have won we shall defend. I have maica Estates in Queens; in the Flatbush Public policy is not like Modiglianis or Gre­ no doubt that we will prevail. But even the section of Brooklyn, in lower Manhattan gorian chants, the artifacts of civilization best of our reforms cannot alone meet and Washington Heights, in New Rochelle that survive because of their splendor. Un­ brand new problems. The equal employment in Westchester County, and in Hackensack, revised public policy is apt to grow not only statutes it was my great privilege to admin­ N.J, And these days, he is holding some gray but weak with age, unable to attack ro­ ister cannot create jobs for the permanently vacant land in Florida for development. bustly problems necessarily unforeseen unemployed. The civil rights laws cannot Mr. Minkin has lost count of the number when these policies were new and young. house the homeless. The great aid to educa­ of properties he has constructed, but of Gwendolyn Brooks, the great Pulitzer Prize tion laws cannot by themselves bring excel­ them all he seems proudest of the Bernard winning poet, said it best: "Time upholds or lence to the public schools or assure that and Rose Minkin Pavillion and the David overturns." In politics, it more often over­ the disadvantaged are not left further Minkin Rehabilitation Institute constructed turns. behind. The Great Society programs cannot under his supervision at the Kingsbrook That is not to say that there are no poli­ alone restore the black family to its historic Jewish Medical Center. a 930-bed hospital in cies worth keeping. Many do and should strength. East Flatbush section Brooklyn. Mr. Minkin enjoy longevity. Indeed occasionally such Yet we understand that changes of the has been the institution's president for 13 policies represent a quantum leap forward kind we have pursued are not the luxurious years and is a major benefactor. and embed themselves into the national fruits of intermittent periods of social activ­ The pavilion is named for Mr. Minkin's fabric. This occurred, for example, when ism. Progressive reform is the essential un­ parents, and it was through his father. an Americans embraced the notion of collective derpinning for a stable democracy. It was immigrant from Russia, that Mr. Minkin en­ responsibility for the disadvantaged Shakespeare who wrote, "The smallest tered the real-estate business. Mr. Minkin, through the New Deal. But policies which worm will turn, being trod on. And doves who was born in Manhattan, where his are truly lasting are rare. Even the wisest will peck in safeguard of their brood." father owned some real estate, moved with 37504 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 17, 1985 his family to Brooklyn in 1907. "My father THE MURDER OF A POLISH While he always tried to calm the Polish was a builder as well as an owner of sorts­ PRIEST: COMMUNISM IN ACTION workers' antiregime anger and stressed the residences and apartment houses, and also, I need for a peaceful solution to Poland's believe, store property in Brooklyn and problems, the totalitarian government that Queens." · HON. WM. S. BROOMFIELD was set up in Poland by the Kremlin could While growing up, he said, "Naturally I OF MICHIGAN used to go out with him here and there, and not tolerate the truth which that activist it opened up my eyes to a great number of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES clergyman spoke. That frail and poor things. He looked at buildings, construction, Tuesday, December 17, 1985 young priest was a threat to godless com­ munism. and, of course, I had to learn the blueprints Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I sug­ and study them and layouts, and became a Throughout his life, Father Jerzy talked professional builder." gest that all of my colleagues read an re­ about and deeply believed in the ultimate In 1922, after graduating from Commer­ vealing article in the December 1985 Read­ triumph of good over evil. While a totali­ cial High School, Mr. Minkin joined his er's Digest by John Fox, a constituent, con­ tarian and brutal regime took his life, com­ father in business, taking charge of con­ cerning the tragic murder of a young, munism in its many forms will not snuff struction, performing general supervisory Polish priest by Polish security agents. out the love of freedom that so many duties and renting apartments. Four years In 1984, Father Jerzy Popieluszko was people in the oppressed nations around the later he went into business for himself. murdered by state security agents in world cherish. In the end, good will tri­ With a partner, Mr. Minkin put up two Poland. He was tortured to death for his umph over the darkness of evil. His life apartment houses in Jackson Heights be­ beliefs and his activist role in supporting symbolizes that struggle and that triumph. tween 1926 and 1929. "The first property the Solidarity Union. He was a moral chal­ was a six-story apartment house on 90th With these thoughts in mind, I commend lenge to the growing Communist power in to all of the Members John Fox's article in Street, corner of 37th Avenue," Mr. Minkin that country. Polish and Soviet authorities said, "The building is still there. But I don't the December 1985 Reader's Digest on the believed he had to be silenced. The death of life of Father Jerzy Popieluszko. It is an own it. that brave man symbolizes to me the es­ "Jackson Heights," he said, "was just get­ inspirational story that is worth reading. sence of what freedom means to all of us ting started. It was in the very early stages. A lot of streets weren't even paved yet." His and what communism does to crush indi­ father, he noted, had built there in 1923. "It vidual liberty. This is a story we in the free POSSIBLE INSURANCE BOYCOTT was a good, clean new neighborhood and it world must remember. PROBE had a lot of future attached to it. Father Jerzy was born in a small village When it comes to a comparison of con­ in Poland to a poor peasant family. He was HON. JAMES J. FLORIO struction costs then and now, Mr. Minkin a sickly child who knew hard work and OF NEW JERSEY offers only laughter as comment, but he grew to love the Polish people and his notes that in those days the five-and-a-half­ country. As a young priest, he grew in pop- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES day work week and eight-hour workdays . ularity as a hard-working and dedicated Tuesday, December 17, 1985 were the norm. "Today it's a five-day week, man who gave much of himself to his Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, I am insert­ and instead of eight hours, it's seven hours," people. That self-sacrificing man became he said. ing in the RECORD an article discussing al­ the workers' priest and actively supported legations regarding suggested links between Mr. Minkin went right on building the Solidarity Union which had won limit­ through the Depression and the post-World insurance premium hikes and policy can­ War II era, and through his mother, who ed rights under the Polish Government in cellations and efforts to get legislators to had become active in raising money for the power at that time. change our tort system to limit victims' Kingsbrook Jewish Center in 1925, be began In spite of death threats from the Polish rights. This is a very serious issue, and in supporting the institution as well, donating security service, Father Jerzy maintained our insurance inquiry, my subcommittee millions of dollars. Earlier this month he his support of the union and ministered to will be following this matter closely. was guest of honor when the hospital cele­ the poor in his parish. After the declaration FTC PROBES POSSIBLE INSURANCE BOYCOTT brated its 60th anniversary with a banquet. of martial law in Poland and Solidarity's Mr. Minkin, who is not married, has also decision to move underground, Father been active in such charities as Bonds for In the wake of skyrocketing premiums Jerzy came under increasing threats, and and cancellations of some kinds of casualty Israel, the United Hospital Fund, the staged accidents planned by the Polish United Jewish Appeal and the Catholic insurance-including medical malpractice secret police. and product liability policies-the Federal Bishops' Law Committee of the Diocese of His elderly parents were harassed and his Trade Commission is conducting an Brooklyn. car and apartment were electronically investigation of the property and casualty As a builder, he said, "I always looked at bugged by state security personnel. Even insurance industry for possible violations of areas where the future was enticing, to a federal antitrust laws. point where there was what they call a though he was fearful of his life, he refused to abandon his commitment to the Polish While the insurance industry is exempt follow-through of growth. You could foresee from most federal regulation and federal growth coming. It may take a few years workers. He knew that scores of Solidarity antitrust laws under the 1945 McCarran­ before this happens, but that's the time you supporters had died from beatings, in Ferguson Act, that law does not cover boy­ purchase. You buy cheap. When it material­ police custody, and that others had died in cotts, in which companies agree among izes, it goes up 4, 5, 10 times in value. That's mysterious accidents and arranged sui­ themselves to withold goods or services, usu­ the secret of all real estate-buying future cides. After agents tried to kill Father ally unless certain conditions are met. Such development." J erzy by bombing his apartment, they agreements would violate the Sherman Act These days, he said, such sites still exist in planted arms and propaganda in his home governing restraint of trade. parts of Queens, Staten Island and the and arrested him. The FTC would not confirm or deny an in­ Bronx. After being released, he was subjected to vestigation; confirmation comes from in­ Looking back over his own career, he said formed sources. A clue about theories the more efforts to silence him. He clearly FTC is considering comes from the National "I feel that I have made a great contribu­ became a dangerous symbol in a Soviet tion to the City of New York by creating Insurance Consumers Organization . properties people live in. They're still exist­ empire that was experiencing religious fer­ a nonprofit Washington-area consumer ad­ ing. They're still there, and they're full tax­ ment. Even the Soviet daily Izvestia criti­ vocacy group that the FTC has contacted cized him. In 1984, he was subjected to 13 during the investigation. paying properties. They're making a contri­ NICO has charged that the dramatic in­ butions to the City of New York." interrogations. His car was nearly rammed in a staged accident shortly before his creases in premiums and policy cancella­ tions are not justified by the claims experi­ death. ence of the companies. Instead, it contends, Finally in 1984, Polish security officers, the actions were taken to offset declining on instructions from the Polish Govern­ earnings within the industry, which NICO ment, beat and tortured the young priest says is because of premium price wars in the until he died. early 1980s, and to create pressure for December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37505 changes in tort laws, which govern personal age states to rewrite tort laws, including re­ OVERSEAS PIRACY OF U.S. injury claims. ducing attorneys' contingency fees and lim­ BOOKS "I believe what we are witnessing is joint iting court awards. action by insurers to create an atmosphere where rates can be put too high and legisla­ HON.THOMASJ.DOWNEY tors will be intimidated into action designed FCC DECISION CONCERNING OF NEW YORK to take away victims' rights and allow COUNTY PUBLIC SAFETY NEEDS wrongdoers to go unpunished," said NICO's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES president, Robert Hunter, at a recent hear­ ing of a House Small Business Subcommit­ HON. MEL LEVINE Tuesday, December 17, 1985 tee on Energy, Environment and Safety Mr. DOWNEY of New York. Mr. Speak­ OF CALIFORNIA Issues Affecting Small Business. er, the piracy of U.S. books overseas results The insurance industry considers NICO's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES allegations a case of "conspiracy theory run in more than a staggering $2 billion yearly rampant," said Marc H. Rosenberg, vice Tuesday, December 17, 1985 loss to U.S. authors and publishers, accord­ president of the Insurance Information In­ ing to industry sources. Some of the most stitute, a New York City-based clearing­ Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, flagrant pirating nations are our major house supported by insurance companies. Los Angeles County Sheriff Sherman Block trading partners in the Far East-Taiwan, He agrees that some of the problem stems and his department have been petitioning Singapore, South Korea and the Philli­ from a price war, but said that much of it the FCC since 1981 for the use of ultrahigh pines, with whom we are running substan­ reflects increases in the number of lawsuits radio frequency channels to meet the grow­ and the size of awards to plaintiffs-factors tial balance-of-payments deficits. that couldn't have been foreseen at the time ing public safety needs of the area's citi­ I am glad to see that the U.S. Trade Rep­ some low-cost policies were issued. zens. Last week the FCC granted their re­ resentative has initiated a section 301 trade NICO argues that the alleged boycott may quest by allocating UHF-TV channel 16 to complaint against South Korea for viola­ originate with reinsurance companies, the sheriff's department. tion of U.S. intellectual property rights in which sell insurance to insurance compa­ As a result of the FCC decision, the fifth all areas of copyright protection, including nies, generally to protect them in the event largest police agency in the Nation will fi. literary works. of unexpectedly large or numerous claims. We must continue to act with determina­ In some cases in which insurance firms have nally be able to utilize a modern communi­ requested higher rates or canceled policies, cations system to better aid the public. For tion to be certain that pirate nations begin they have cited trouble in obtaining reinsur­ the first time, the Los Angeles County sher­ to recognize the seriousness of the prob­ ance. iff's patrol officers can be equipped with lem, and that they will not be allowed to The reinsurance industry says it has been hand-held portable radios. Also, the depart­ enjoy the large trade benefits they receive experiencing losses because of declining in­ ment will be able to implement a high­ if they pursue the path of piracy. vestment income and the higher number In this regard, the December 16, 1985, and size of court awards. "It's not a conspir­ speed mobile digital system and a compre­ hensive mutual aid communications system issue of Newsday, which is widely distribut­ acy, just a recognition of the marketplace," ed throughout my Long Island district, car­ said Andre Maisonpierre, president of the for law enforcement agencies. Reinsurance Association of America in ried a comprehensive analysis of the book In addition to granting Los Angeles piracy problem titled, "Print Pirates Pillag­ Washington. County these new frequencies, the FCC is NICO concedes that it may be hard to ing Book Trade." prove that industry actions were concerted currently engaged in developing a plan to I commend this article to my colleagues. meet the long-term radio needs of the and deliberate, and not a reflection of the PRINT PIRATES PILLAGING BOOK TRADE herd instinct. entire Nation's public safety services. I ap­ Some groups that are caught in the plaud these FCC actions and wish to com­ crunch share NICO's view that insurance in­ mend Sheriff Block and his department for The 11 Won Books Center in South Korea dustry actions sometimes seem unrelated to their successful efforts in obtaining chan­ lists 8,000 books in its eclectic catalog. The their claims experience. In May, Mutual selections range from John Steinbeck's "Of Fire Marine and Inland Insurance Co. of nel 16. Mice and Men" to the textbook "Treatment Philadelphia notified the American College Mr. Speader, I wish to submit my con­ and Disposal of Wastewater Sludges." of Nurse Midwives in Washington that gratulatory letter to Sheriff Block for the But neither Bantam Books nor Butter­ Mutual would not renew the midwives RECORD. worth Publishers nor any American publish­ group's malpractice insurance policy, and CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, er with books in the catalog earn a dime of the group was unable to find another insur­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, royalties from 11 Won's sales. The books are er. According to the group, the insurer said Washington, DC, December 11, 1985. pirated versions of the real things-copied, the policy was being canceled, not because Sheriff SHERMAN BLOCK, sometimes translated and sold in violation of malpractice claims Ca relatively low 6 per County of Los Angeles, of U.S. copyright laws, according to the As­ cent of nurse-midwives have been sued for Los Angeles, CA. sociation of American Publishers. malpractice compared with 73 per cent of DEAR SHERM: I am very pleased that the It's a cheap, easy and growing business, obstetricians and gynecologists> but because FCC has allocated UHF-TV Channel 16 for one where the pirate publishers have no de­ of the unavailability of reinsurance. use by your Department. The high speed velopment, editorial, or marketing costs. "We have not been able to get insurance They even use the U.S. copyright seal. from anyone, seemingly not based on our mobile digital system, the portable radios, "Once a book becomes popular, they're actual experience, so we wonder what it is and the mutual aid communications system out pirating it," said Nak Chong, vice presi­ based on," said Mary Rita Prah, director of provided for by these new frequencies will dent of the international division of Harper the group, which has talked to the FTC. be invaluable in helping to meet Los Ange­ & Row in Manhattan. "The best sellers are Whether or not they are the result of a les County's public safety needs. copied right away. I suspect they must have boycott, the premium hikes and coverage I wish to take this opportunity to compli­ people here." denials are putting political pressure on the ment your team for their outstanding work The publishers association estimates the states and the federal government to on this project. Chief Ken Cable, Lt. Bud cost of piracy at $2 billion annually-$1 bil­ change malpractice laws. In several states, Wenke, and Sgt. Bob Elson were marvelous lion from books whose pages are photo­ including California, Florida and New York, to work with and deserve special recognition graphed and used to print nearly-identical surgeons and obstetrician-gynecologists are for their tireless efforts. offset copies and $1 billion from editions refusing to accept new patients or perform Congratulations and best regards, made on photocopying machines. The esti­ risky procedures. Many physicians have Sincerely, mates, however, are based on the price of been lobbying state legislatures to change MEL LEVINE, the pirated books-10 to 15 percent of the malpractice laws, and most states have Member of Congress. legitimate price. taken steps to do so. Pirating takes an enormous toll on the $8- Five bills have been introduced in Con­ billion industry, restricting publishers to gress that would change federal malpractice sell few if any copies of legitimately-pub­ laws, including an American Medical Asso­ lished books in countries where counterfeits ciation-backed measure introduced by Sen. flow like Stephen King's word processor. Orrin G. Hatch, R-Utah, that would encour- Some small publishers without an interna- 37506 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 17, 1985 tional presence sometimes are unaware Young Ahn, senior press attache for the officials. I don't think that the Founding their books are being copied. South Korean Embassy in Washington, said Fathers had this in mind when they wrote Says Alexander Burke, senior vice presi­ he expected "tangible conclusions" for the the U.S. Constitution; if they had, I don't dent of Manhattan-based McGraw-Hill, Inc .. Seoul talks, but was unaware of a major a major publisher of textbooks: "There are piracy problem. think they would have bothered to include more units of pirated books selling around Meanwhile, Taiwan has passed a new elections. Because of the transfer of re­ the world than legitimate units of American copyright law, which features some stiff sponsibility, I believe that there is a very books sold." penalties; Singapore has a draft bill in its strong possibility that this legislation will Stories of literary Jolly Rogers abound: legislatures. Said Burke: "It's inadequate. be declared unconstitutional and our exer­ Pirated books shipped from Taiwan to Nige­ They've been saying they'd pass one for 10 cise in regards to Gramm-Rudman, thank ria disguised as boxes of crash helmets or years. Progress is not just having a bill in automotive parts. Stores that sell only ille­ the legislature." the Lord, will be null and void. gally copied books. Trade missions dis­ Several publishers were pleased by the This catastrophic legislation has the po­ patched from developing countries to Singa­ government action. Simon & Schuster's tential to bring America's defense effort, pore to order pirated medical textbooks. Snyder said; "The government is the only that Ronald Reagan stated just a short time "The organization of pirating is so great," way to win. We've got to tell the Koreans: ago was standing tall, to all knees. Our says Richard Snyder, chairman of Simon & no more VCRs unless you stop this. Going Schuster in the city, which publishes gener­ through the courts is ridiculous. I want to first priority, as Members of Congress, is to al-interest trade books and textbooks by its be alive when this is resolved." protect the citizens of Republic from en­ Prentice-Hall subsidiary, "that international emies, foreign and domestic. I believe it pirates have a better distribution system will be impossible for us to do this under­ than American publishers do." BILL NELSON: OUR MAN IN neath this legislation. We may have trouble Improving copying technology is also a SPACE factor. Book quality varies: some are barely finding financing for bullets and rifles, let detectable counterfeits made on high-grade SPEECH OF alone personnel, missiles, and submarines. paper; other are the shoddy kind made on There are many in Washington who believe thin bond. Few, if any, can duplicate four­ HON. DANTE B. FASCELL this legislation will mean the end of the color book jackets, and use black-and-white OF FLORIDA volunteer Army and cause the draft to be covers. Nevertheless, appearances don't IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES seem to count; best sellers and engineering reinstated. This legislation creates the first textbooks alike are selling in vast numbers Monday 16, 1985 ever income test for veterans using VA hos­ at cheap prices. Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I note with pitals. Those with income exceeding $25,000 "Countries see how profitable this is," particular pride the selection of an es­ annually would receive care if space was said Don deKieffer, general counsel of the teemed colleague and friend, Congressman available and if they paid a new fee. International Anticounterfeiting Coalition. "Pirates have no risk. They just watch to BILL NELSON, to be the first Member of this And that is going to happen to our do­ see what books are selling well, and bang, body to be sent into space. He certainly has mestic programs that so many, many they copy them." earned the right with his dedicated and ef• Americans participate in and benefit from? Publishers have found little recourse in f ective service on the Science and Technol­ Where is the safety net for our poor, ill, retaliation. Rare is the pirate country with ogy Committee, overseeing our space pro­ and disadvantaged citizens? This legislation copyright laws, or effective enforcement on gram, and I am confident he will do an ex­ rips that safety net, that is often talked existing statutes. Court fights in countries cellent job as Our Man In Space. like Singapore aimed at collecting royalties about, to shreds. Medicare will be reduced. are inevitably futile. As an outstanding representative of Flor­ Meals on Wheels will be cut and Urban De­ So the fight has turned to government ida's 11th Congressional District, which in­ velopment Act programs may be terminat­ action. The publishers association, along cludes Cape Kennedy, BILL has helped ed. This package turns its back on educat­ with the record, film, computer and soft­ make our space program what it is today. ing our children and thereby endangers our ware industries banded together two years Knowing BILL, I am confident he will Republic's future. ago to form the International Intellectual perform his duties in an exemplary fash­ Property Alliance to press for action against This legislation may very well destroy, the pirates, many of whom receive duty-free ion. and I do mean destroy, our American trade treatment for products entering the BILL's journey into orbit will give him new insights into our space program, and cities, particularly those of the Northeast United States. and Midwest. In the last 5 years, cities have In an August report to the U.S. Trade enable him to perform his oversight func­ Representative, the alliance estimated book tions more effectively. I am anxious to hear lost 46 percent of their Federal aid. There piracy in 10 selected countries at $427 mil­ his report upon his return. will be cuts in the funding for the Nation's lion, led by $118 million in Taiwan, $110 mil­ I wish BILL hon voyage and every suc­ infrastructure: streets, bridges, sewers, and lion of which is in exports to other nations. cess. And I have only one bit of advice for water plants. Fire and police assistance will Singapore followed at $107 million. At least be cut, so will community development pro­ 20 others are suspected pirates. him: "Please don't touch anything." On Nov. 1, U.S. Trade Representative grams. Deep cuts will be made in mass transit funds, and a lower cap put on high­ Clayton Yeutter opened a formal inquiry OPPOSITION TO GRAMM· under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 way trust funds. FAA operating assistance into South Korean violations of U.S. intel­ RUDMAN will be cut thereby jeopardizing air traffic lectual property rights in all areas of copy­ safety and air traffic control services. right, patent and trademark protection. HON. WILLIAM 0. LIPINSKI The investigation-which sent a delega­ Amtrak subsidies and the Small Business OF ILLINOIS Administration will be terminated. tion of industry and government officials to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Seoul last week-could result in sanctions The Republican mayor of Cleveland said against Korea, a most-favored nation trad­ Tuesday, December 17, 1985 this legislation may cause rioting in the ing partner, unless strong laws with enforce­ Mr. LIPINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I did not streets, and Mark Israel of the National ment teeth are enacted. Center for Municipal Development said the "We're hoping that before there is trade have an opportunity to speak the other retaliation, we can get the countries to im­ night in opposition to the Gramm-Rudman impact on cities he represents ranges from prove their legal systems to let us have bill but I did wish to express my views so disastrous to more disastrous. access to the courts," said Carol Risher, di­ that they would be on the record. Gramm-Rudman should not have been rector of copyrights for the publishers' asso­ First of all, Gramm-Rudman is an abdi­ passed and I believe those who voted for it, ciation. "Up until now, we haven't had cation of our responsibilities as Congress­ someday very soon, will say that it is the much access." men and Senators to the computers, staff­ Burke, head of the publishers' associa­ worst piece of legislation they ever support­ tion's International Copyright Protection ers, and bureaucrats in the Office of Man­ ed. Committee, who accompanied the delega­ agement and Budget, the Congressional tion, said he had encouraging discussions Budget Office, and the General Accounting with Korean publishers. But any agreement Office. Appointed civil servants will be would need Korean government approval. making decisions instead of elected public December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37507 EDUCATION VOUCHERS ARE A If enacted in the near future, a voucher ' PERSONAL EXPLANATION COPOUT system would be all the more regrettable be­ cause it would come at a time when public education reform has already begun to take HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER HON.AUGUSTUSF.HAWKINS hold in many states. While Louisiana is yet OF ILLINOIS OF CALIFORNIA to be counted among states that have made IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sweeping reforms in public education, some Tuesday, December 17, 1985 Tuesday, December 17, 1985 local school boards in Louisiana, as else­ where, are making progress. There remains Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I have never Mr. HAWKINS. Mr. Speaker, the Secre­ hope that Louisiana, which made some im­ before cast a "present" vote, but I did so on tary of Education, Mr.. William Bennett, provements at last summer's session of the Senate Joint Resolution 238, and wish to has once again introduced a misbegotten Legislature, will fully Join the growing explain it. My understanding is that the clinker to the American public called edu­ reform movement at the state level. time limit for Congress to reject or modify cation vouchers. They are designed to give While the poor are sometimes mentioned the terms of the sale of nuclear technology Federal tax moneys, in the form of a as among the parents favoring a voucher and materials to the People's Republic of voucher, to parents whose children are re­ system, the freedom of choice implied in the China under Senate Joint Resolution 238 ceiving compensatory educational services. program depends on ease of transportation. expired several days ago. This means that Mr. Bennett claims that vouchers will ail And many poor students, particularly in Congress, by failing to take up this matter what is wrong-in his view-with public inner city neighborhoods, would be restrict­ ed in their choice of schools for lack of mo­ in a timely fashion, has lost any control education. Since Mr. Bennett has been so over the terms of the sale and that the vote wrong on so many issues concerning public bility. Vouchers have obvious politcal appeal, of­ on Senate Joint Resolution 238 is meaning­ education, there is a question about wheth­ less. My "present" vote is cast, therefore, in er the public will accept another one of his fering a simple solution to a complex prob­ lem. But they could be fatal to a public edu­ frustration and in protest of the failure of education resolutions. According the No­ House leadership to schedule a substantive vember 10 editorial in the New Orleans cation system that, historically, has served this nation well. vote on time on a matter of such great im­ Times-Picayune Bennett's vouchers are not portance. The spread of nuclear technology only a copout, they are coming at the available under this agreement could lead wrong time when public education reform OPPOSITION TO FAVORED- to weapons production by a nation whose programs are being implemented all over the country. NATION STATUS FOR SOVIET government embraces little of our Nation's I urge my colleagues to read the very in­ UNION values and provides so great a threat to sightful editorial of the New Orleans other nations which do. Times-Picayune, for a clear view of how HON. BARBARA A. MIKULSKI bad an idea vouchers really are. OF MARYLAND PERSONAL EXPLANATION VOUCHERS ARE A COPOUT A voucher system is the last thing the na­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. WIWAM F. CLINGER, JR. tion's struggling public schools need. It is Tuesday, December 17, 1985 surprising and dismaying that President OF PENNSYLVANIA Reagan and federal education officials and Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. Speaker, I rise IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES others are promoting a government-paid today to voice my strong opposition to Tuesday, December 17, 1985 voucher system as an answer to the prob­ recent Moscow requests asking the United Mr. CLINGER. Mr. Speaker, I was absent lems of public education in this country. States to grant to the Soviet Union "most­ While frustration with the progress of for the first vote on the House floor on De­ public education is understandable, a vouch­ favored nation" trading status. cember 16, 1985. Congressman THOMAS J. er system that would enable students to I don't think the Soviets should be one of RIDGE and I were in Meadville, PA, con­ choose between private and public schools our top trading partners if they're not also ducting a hearing as a result of the terrible would almost certainly sound the death going to be one of our top negotiating part­ destruction which was caused by 17 torna­ knell of public education in the United ners on arms control, the solving of region­ States. Public schools need more support does which hit our congressional districts from federal and state government, not less. al conflicts, and the improtant issue of on May 31. The following groups provided The voucher idea was given strong sup­ human rights. testimony at this function: the National port at a Baton Rouge education conference Yes, the Geneva talks were useful in Weather Service; the Federal Emergency last weekend by John D. Klenk, director of bringing about a thaw in United States­ Management Agency; the Pennsylvania planning and evaluation for the U.S. Educa­ Soviet relations-but there's still a lot of Emergency Management Agency, local gov­ tion Department. Earlier this year, we de­ ice. There are still several unresolved prob­ ernment and emergency management offi­ fended Mr. Klenk's right to speak on the voucher system or anything else after he lems between our two nations. cials. had been discouraged from speaking his Before we take any concrete steps to Had I been present, I would have voted mind at a Baton Rouge meeting by state open trade gates between our two coun­ in the following fashion: Rollcall No. 460: Education Superintendent Tom Clausen's tries, we should make certain the Soviets Journal, the House voted to approve the office. But we believe strongly that a vouch­ open their emigration gates. Journal of Thursday, December 12, "yea." er system is a copout, not the solution of the problems of public education. When they agree to let Soviet Jews out of In his Baton Rouge address, Mr. Klenk their country, then we can agree to let FARM CREDIT SYSTEM'S CAP­ said he believes the competition for stu­ more of their products into our country. ITAL CORPORATION NEEDS TO dents caused by a voucher system will im­ When they agree with us to stop the BE INDEPENDENT prove the public schools. That notion spread of nuclear weapons, then we can strikes us as illogical. The basic argument agree to share some of our high technology HON. NORMAND. SHUMWAY for vouchers is that many parents are un­ with them. happy with public schools and should have OF CALIFORNIA But until these agreements are reached, I a government-financed choice to send their IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES children elsewhere. Public schools are al­ say let's keep our trading status right ready suffering in part because many par­ where it is-maintain the Jackson-Yanik Tuesday, December 17, 1985 ents, even without a voucher system, have amendment. I say, before we reach any new Mr. SHUMWAY. Mr. Speaker, on Decem­ elected to send their children to private agreements on trade with the Soviets, ber 10, 1985, the House passed H.R. 3792, a schools, thus diminishing financial and com­ munity support for public schools. they've got to live up to the agreements bill to amend the Farm Credit Act of 1971, Vouchers would almost surely hasten the they've already signed on human rights. and for other purposes. The Senate enacted process-indeed, seem almost designed to do a comparable bill, S. 1884, on December 3, so-and further reduce support for public 1985. I voted in favor of the House bill de­ education in the United States. spite my already expressed concerns with 37508 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 17, 1985 both the haste under which the bill was JAPAN TO SUBSIDIZE SMALL SHORE DUTY DANGERS consi~ered and the absence of a cap on the BUSINESS EXPORTERS Congress acted this week to delay the amount of public assistance which could be Navy's plan to disperse its growing fleet of made available to the Farm Credit System HON. IKE SKELTON ships to 15 new home ports in New York through the Secretary of the Treasury. and on the Gulf and West coasts. A House­ OF MISSOURI Senate conference committee said that the One part of H.R. 3792 would create a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dispersal program "could make moderniza­ Capital Corporation for the Farm Credit Tuesday, December 17, 1985 tion of our existing bases unaffordable," System as a federally chartered vehicle by and ordered the Navy to submit a detailed which the system would be required to uti­ Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, as the U.S. report within three months. The Pentagon lize its substantial financial resources trade deficit has surpassed $100 billion in­ yesterday said that previous information before obtaining any public moneys. There creasing our exports is of even greater im­ supplied to Congress already meets those re­ portance. As chairman of the Small Busi­ are a number of significant differences be­ quirements. Regardless, any final decision ness Subcommittee on Exports we have tween the House and Senate bills concern­ to wreck the Navy's program would not only learned that there are several factors hin­ be financially foolish but strategically dan­ ing the structure of that Capital Corpora­ dering increased exports by small business­ gerous. tion. The House bill would establish a five­ es. At the top of the list is the high value of No matter what, the expansion to a 600- person board of directors, four to be elect­ the dollar. ship Navy requires the construction of new ed by the banks of the Farm Credit System According to a recent Wall Street Jour­ harbor facilities-whether at the 15 pro­ and one to be appointed by the new Chair­ nal article the Japanese Government has posed home ports or at the three main exist­ man of the Farm Credit Administration. reported that their small business exporters ing facilities in Charleston, S.C., Norfolk, The Senate bill would also create a five­ are being affected by the rising yen. As a Va., and San Diego. Congressmen and sena­ person board, but would have the system result, the Japanese Government is prepar­ tors from these districts, fearing a loss of appoint two members, the FCA elect two federal funds, are the primary challengers ing to offer a $500 million low-interest loan of the dispersal plan. Their parochial criti­ members and authorize the Secretary of program for small exporters. The loans are cisms, however, show little concern about Agriculture to appoint the fifth member. available at 6.8-percent interest. And it is overall budgetary savings or the defense of I firmly support, and urge my colleagues expected that the Government will relax the fleet. to support, the provisions of S. 1884 on the credit rules such as not to require collater­ Navy Secretary John Lehman's primary structure of the Capital Corporation board. al for loans. strategic reason for adding 15 home ports is The Senate bill has taken an enlightened The Government Accounting Office esti­ to avoid a repeat of Pearl Harbor. Soviet approach in assuring that a majority of the mates that more than 20,000 new-to-export submarines lying off our coasts could easily members of the board of directors of the businesses have the potential to export attack our highly concentrated port facili­ ties using nuclear-tipped ballistic and cruise Capital Corporation will be individuals ap­ which could add $4.2 billion in goods and services to our export tab. Mr. Speaker, missiles. Such weapons can reach their tar­ pointed from outside the System. Such an gets within a few minutes. Even convention­ independent board approach is critical to this emphasizes to me our need to encour­ age our small businesses to export. I'm not al missiles could set off a firestorm in these the success of our efforts to resolve the tightly packed harbors. Dispersing the fleet, saying we need a $ 1/2 billion subsidy for crisis facing the system and must be re­ therefore, would improve its chances of sur­ our small businesses such as Japan's. But tained in any final legislation. viving an attack and permit quicker re­ we must encourage our small businesses to The Capital Corporation will face a very sponse to trouble in a broader variety of be more aggressive in the field of interna­ geographical areas. difficult task in causing the system to uti­ tional trade and assist them in overcoming lize its resoures and to manage problem Besides, as a recent Navy report points the many barriers. out, the cost of building home ports is only loans. Those efforts will require a tough­ marginally more expensive than modifying minded, disciplined approach and atitude the existing ones. Estimates of the addition­ on the part of the Corporation's directors, CONGRESS DRAGGING ANCHOR al costs range from $55 million to $217 mil­ and a specialized expertise to deal with the ON STRATEGIC HOMEPORTING lion. "Not surprisingly, the total cost of es­ problems confronting the Farm Credit ISSUE tablishing new bases is slightly more System. An independent board comprised costly," the report added. "But in the of a majority of directors appointed from HON. JIM COURTER Navy's judgment, the strategic and tactical outside the Farm Credit System is neces­ OF NEW JERSEY advantages make the investment worth­ while." sary to overcome parochial interests to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES By comparison, Mr. Lehman's competitive assure equitable treatment of both contrib­ Tuesday, December 17, 1985 procurement process has already brought uting and distressed banks, and to protect Mr. COURTER. Mr. Speaker, as the at­ down the cost of the new Aegis cruisers the public interest. While the Capital cor­ tached editorial from the Wall Street Jour­ from an estimated $1.2 billion in 1981 to poration will oversee transfer and manage­ nal contends, Congress has once again in­ about $900 million. The Navy plans to build some 30 of these advanced ships, which are ment of system resources, the overriding tervened in the military decisionmaking interests to be protected are those of the capable of protecting naval battle groups at process and voted "maybe" on the strategic sea using highly sophisticated electronics public whose support and funds created homeporting of America's naval fleets. The and nurtured the System over the years, equipment. The savings on just one Aegis fleets are currently .concentrated in cruiser would more than pay for the added and whose additional support and contin­ Charleston, SC, and in Norfolk, VA, which cost of dispersing the fleet. gent funds are being sought by the system boasts the largest military installation in Given the need to reduce government in its time of need. the world. When the Secretary of the Navy spending, we would be the last to advocate Congress has required the use of inde­ had the good sense to propose the dispersal profligate expenditures. there are plenty of pendent oversight and controls when it has of these valuable assets to avoid a modern­ obsolete military installations that could be provided assistance to other private sector day Pearl Harbor situation, he ran into closed. In the case of new naval bases, how­ firms such as Chrysler Corp., and that ap­ force five gale of protest from the Con­ ever, the spending is affordable and neces­ proach has been responsible in large meas­ gress. Naval ports are big business for the sary. When Congress gets around to making a final decision in three months or so, we ure for whatever success those efforts neighboring civilians, but it does little good to have vessels in port if they cannot make hope it approves the Navy's program. Oth­ achieved. I strongly urge the adoption in erwise the nation's huge investment in a any final farm credit legislation of the ap­ their way to the open sea because of Soviet 600-ship Navy might wind up at the bottom proach taken in S. 1884 in requiring an in­ submarine blockades. Strategic homeport­ of Chesapeake Bay. dependent board of directors for the Cap­ ing made good military sense, and the Con­ ital Corporation to be established to assist gress should lift its own blockade of the the Farm Credit System. Navy's plans. The editorial follows: December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37509 INTRODUCTION OF A BILL TO portantly, because the benefits from these yearly by drunken drivers, 20 percent of HELP LOCAL COMMUNITIES programs can be shared by others, and whom are teenagers, we must continue to FIGHT NARCOTICS TRAFFICK­ when externalities such as these exist, it is take the strongest meaasures to stop this ERS appropriate for all citizens, through the national carnage. Hats off to MADD for Federal Government, to participate in their doing just that. HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK funding. We need to experiment with novel approaches to this monumental problem OF CALIFORNIA ELOQUENT VOICE FOR IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and the costs of that experimentation should be shared by all who could poten­ AGRICULTURE Tuesday, December 17, 1985 tially benefit. Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ Mr. Speaker, this is not an expensive pro­ HON. THOMAS A. DASCHLE troducing legislation to provide assistance gram. Fifty million dollars is small change OF SOUTH DAKOTA to creative programs designed to improve compared to the money we give away for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the criminal justice system with respect to jojoba bean tax shelters and defense con­ Tuesday, December 17, 1985 combating the illegal narcotics industry. tractor extravagances. I have to believe My bill would authorize $50 million a year that money spent on worthwhile drug en­ Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. Speaker, I read let­ over 5 years. It would be allocated at the forcement programs, which have already ters every day from farmers and ranchers discretion of the Attorney General to sup­ been approved and funded by State legisla­ in trouble, serious financial trouble. Unfair plement existing State appropriations of tures but which need additional assistance, trade practices, huge deficits, and the high­ direct financial aid to units of local govern­ is better spent than the money we give to est real interest rates in decades have com­ ment for specific programs designed to develop exotic, fragrant shampoos or to bined to push family farmers and ranchers combat drug-related violent crime. It would house pedigree dogs in luxury accommoda­ into the greatest depression since the both assist existing worthy local programs tions while their owners are vacationing at 1930's. and encourage local governments to focus government expense in elegant resorts. The most eloquent voices for agriculture more directly on this drug epidemic and to I urge my colleagues to support this leg­ are not in the Congress. They are among develop creative, effective programs of islation so that we can take some very im­ the family farmers of this Nation, whose their own. portant steps towards eliminating this drug strength in the face of the adversity before Mr. Speaker, the problems we are con­ disease that is plaguing our society. them is a tribute to their courage and fore­ fronting in this area are huge in scope and bearance. It is time for us to offer our own magnitude. Our drug enforcement officers tribute to those who have fed our country are engaged in a multifront war in which HATS OFF TO MADD and served as the backbone of our export they are outspent, outmanned and out­ economy. It is time for fair prices for the gunned by their adversaries, and it is a HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOU family farmer. John Block has been able to wonder that they accomplish as much as OF KENTUCKY convince many in the Congress that the they do. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES answer should be "no." What we need to do now is recognize that Mr. Speaker, following is a letter written we won't be able to solve this entire prob­ Tuesday, December 17, 1985 to me and all Members of Congress by Mrs. lem at once and that it's time for us to Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, as we enter Nancy Ekroth of Dallas, SD. start tearing off chewable bites. Rather the Christmas season, I think it appropri­ LETTER FROM NANCY EKROTH, DALLAS, SD. TO than dreaming up grand Goldbergian ate to commend the supporters and mem­ THE MEMBERS OF CONGRESS schemes at the Federal level, we need to go bers of Mothers Against Drunk Drivers We've had our farm operation for 13 to the local level, to those people who are Definitely mandate livable prices. pansion of the executive board to increase education advisory committee within my Yes, get tough on trade. the representation of the minority commu­ congressional district with whom I meet. Affordable credit? That's question­ nity, the establishment of modern record­ While these committees do not always able, considering we can't live without it. keeping, and the chamber's own production but I'm sure most farmers would rather be agree with each other, let me assure every­ of the Membership Directory and Buyer's one that both are firmly committed to the more debt free and independent. Credit will Guide to increase accuracy and decrease always mean money owed. best possible education of our young No way will they ever get government costs. I wish to commend Helen Smades for her people. Both schools serve our children out of the process, they're too deeply in­ well, and both have staff firmly committed volved, but, they do need to do something outstanding contributions to the chamber immediately, to better our chances of sur­ and to the city and county of Fresno. It is to quality education. viving in agriculture. through the diligent efforts and forsight of I sincerely hope that Mrs. Chisholm's re­ We realize we represent a small percent­ people like Helen Smades that our commu­ marks were not as reported in the press. age nationwide, but, we're expected to feed nity has progressed and will continue to do We need to work together, private and a nation, doesn't that make us important public educators, towards a common goal­ enough to save? so. I think you could compare us to dominoes, Mr. Speaker, the enthusiasm and dedica­ the best possible education of our youth. we are so positioned that tion that Helen Smades has given to our should we fall, all others will fall in tum. If community makes us very proud. I offer the destination of agriculture is not dealt her my congratulations for a job well done, THE "WE LOVE CHILDREN" with immediately and done so in a positive and my best wishes for continued success FUND IN GREATER FALL direction, it will be the fate of more than in her future endeavors. RIVER, MA, ESTABLISHED TO just agriculture; should we fall. Especially HELP FAMILIES IN NEED in a community the size of ours. Small busi­ nesses, schools, even towns will be forced to TRIBUTE TO SGT. JAMES C. shut down. So, we all stand to lose ... KENNON, WALNUT CREEK, CA, HON. BARNEY FRANK POLICE DEPARTMENT OF MASSACHUSETTS CONGRATULATIONS TO HELEN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SMADES FOR HER ACCOM­ HON. GEORGE MILLER PLISHMENTS IN FRESNO OF CALIFORNIA Tuesday, December 17, 1985 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. FRANK. Mr. Speaker, I bring to the HON. CHARLES PASHAYAN, JR. Tuesday, December 17, 1985 attention of my colleagues the efforts of a OF CALIFORNIA Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, group of dedicated citizens in the Fall IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rise to pay tribute to Sgt. James C. River, MA, area that have organized the Tuesday, December 17, 1985 Kennon, who will retire this month after 28 "We Love Children" Fund. At a time of Mr. PASHAYAN. Mr. Speaker, I should years of dedicated service with the Walnut year that is traditionally associated with like to call to attention of my colleagues Creek, CA., Police Department. charitable giving, I thought the work of the the accomplishments of Helen Smades Sergeant Kennon began his career in the "We Love Children" Fund would be of par­ during her term as president of the Fresno department on September 30, 1957. He has ticular interest. County and City Chamber of Commerce. served in many capacities within the de­ This nonprofit all volunteer organization Ms. Smades oversaw the completion of a partment, and in each assignment he has was founded to help keep f am iiies together visitors bureau, which opened its doors in distinguished himself by his exemplary per­ during medical crises. Founded by Irene April 1985. The creation of a visitors formance. and Joe Cassidy and with the untiring ef­ Bureau has been a major goal for the He is a professional law enforcement of- forts of Isaiah and Eliza Avila, this organi­ chamber, and represents a response to a $5 fleer, Mr. Speaker, and he has served as an zation now boasts over 1,800 members and million campaign for tourism in the State outstanding role model for other officers. is growing every day. There is a serious of California that was initiated by Gover­ He and his efforts will be missed by the need for this kind of assistance because of nor Deukmejian. Walnut Creek Police Department in par­ the extraordinarily high costs of medical Ms. Smades also presided over the cre­ ticular, and by all of California's Contra care today. I am enclosing a list of people ation of a small business hotline to encour­ Costa County law enforcement agencies in who make up the "We Love Children" general. age community economic development. The Fund Committee because I believe their et'­ purpose of the hotline is to provide pro­ I know that my colleagues here in the House join me in extending to Jim and his forts deserve special recognition. I am also spective businesses with information about enclosing an article about the group that Fresno and to encourage them to consider wife, Bonnie, our best wishes and our con­ gratulations and thanks for a job well appeared recently in the Providence Jour­ Fresno when making a decision on where nal which describes the fund's origins. to locate their firms. done. "We Love Children" Fund Committee: Ms. Smades worked diligently and suc­ Isaiah and Eliza Avila; Louis and Yvette cessfully to market the chamber and to in­ PRIVATE EDUCATION crease its visability in the community. Almeida; Joe and Irene Cassidy; Pauline To increase community involvement, a Travers; Dee Therrien; Julie Rapoza; Don community calendar hotline was developed HON. BERKLEY BEDELL and Eva Nolan; John and Lorraine Rich­ under her leadership, which began func­ OF IOWA ardson; Rita Bohun; Elaine Mello; Lucy tioning on October 1, 1985. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Moniz; Cathy Murphey; Bill Whitty; Attor­ To increase the opportunities for local Tuesday, December 17, 1985 ney Dennis Poole; Attorney John Mitchel; businesses to network and to display their Mr. BEDELL. Mr. Speaker, recent press State Senator Tom Norton and aide; Isabel products and services to the community, a reports in Iowa have indicated that our Lopes; Ken Fiola; State Representative Business After Hours Program was former colleague Shirley Chisholm was Joan Menard and aide; Dave Augutino; launched under Ms. Smades' leadership. highly critical of private education in a City Councilor John Medeiros; Mr. Raposa, Under her guidance, the chamber has speech in Iowa. L.A.S.A. President; and Kathy Castro, 0 taken a leadership role on issues that affect It was my pleasure to serve with Mrs. Jornal. the community, including environmental Chisholm, and I hope that these remarks issues. were taken out of context. I am advised December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37511 [From the Providence Journal, Oct. 10, range for a room on the same night of the tras"-an incorrect label first pinned on 1985) accident, Joe said. them by the Sandinistas. FUND Arns PARENTS IN TIME OF NEED The organization has about 23 members This is an easy way out: No political move­ who help with fundraising and membership ment is above reproach, and one can always CASSIDYS SEE PLEADING DAD, START GROUP drives. It costs $1 to join. point to disagreements and unsavory ele­ Joe points out that everyone in the orga­ ments in the opposition. In truth, however, FALL RIVER, MA.-Putting a worthwhile nization is a volunteer. the facts do not Justify the charges. idea into action isn't always the easiest So far the "We Love the Children Fund" We in the United Nicaraguan Opposition, thing to do. has helped Mikey Almeida's parents and the an umbrella group known as U.N.O., are the Joe and Irene Cassidy found that out parents of Mark Gousie, who is scheduled to first to admit that there are differences when they came up with the idea of starting undergo a bone marrow transplant at a among our leaders. We respect our differ­ the "We Love Children Fund." Boston hospital. The Cassidys began about three years ago Although the organization is still in it in­ ences and are proud we do: That is what dis­ while watching a father plead for help fancy. donations are starting to come in tinguishes us from the Sandinistas. U.N.O. during a local television newscast. daily. has brought together a wide range of demo­ Mikey Almeida was dying and his only "We're on our way," Joe said. cratic groups-from all across the spectrum hope for a healthy future was a new liver. of those who joined in the revolution Medical costs were astronomical, and against Anastasio Somoza Debayle-strug­ Mikey's father needed money. UNITED NICARAGUAN OPPOSI­ gling to prevent the consolidation of Sandi­ The Cassidys wanted to help. But how? TION LEADERSHIP SPEAKS nista rule, and we are proud to be united They knew the needy family lived in the OUT FOR FREEDOM behind this objective. The organization was greater Fall River area, but they had no designed to preserve differences of opinion clue on how to contact them. on economic and social questions and to pre­ They began by calling every Almeida in HON. DICK CHENEY serve the groups that represent each point the phone book. After many calls without OF WYOMING of view. result, the Cassidys finally reached the sick IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES There is, however, one issue on which we boy's grandfather, Louis Almeida. Tuesday, December 17, 1985 brook no disagreement-human rights. Our The Cassidys explained how they were commitment to respect human rights ap­ moved to help Mikey after they saw the Mr. CHENEY. Mr. Speaker, the United plies even while we are fighting against boy's father pleading for help. They also re­ Nicaraguan Opposition represents the only those who systematically violate the rights quested that they remain anonymous while chance that Nicaragua will know freed om of others, innocent Nicaraguans. We agree helping the family. in our lifetimes. The Sandinista regime of across the board about the need for system­ Mikey's transplant operation was per­ atic procedures to insure that this commit­ formed in Pittsburgh. The Cassidys discov­ Nicaragua, under Soviet-Cuban tutelage, ered medical insurance does not pay a par­ imposes a totalitarian state on the Nicara­ ment is implemented by our troops and that ent's food, lodging or transportation costs to guan people. If the United States continues violations are punished. Such procedures the hospital. And they learned that there is with its half-hearted response of providing have been in place for some ti.me. They are no on-going social agency or charity to help just enough aid to keep the Opposition continually tested and will continually be the parents with the costs to be near when alive in Nicaragua, but not enough aid to improved. the child must receive medical treatment Only the very innocent imagine that we help them liberate the Nicaraguan people, could fight a guerrilla war with no miscon­ away from home. the price will ultimately be paid by the So they got an idea. Why not launch an duct by our troops. But a large share of the on-going charity to fill the gap? They American people, in large sums of blood "atrocities" of which we are accused are sought support for their cause from friends, and treasure. The United States cannot either fabricated by the Sandinistas or are family members and strangers. They held afford to let the Communists consolidate in fact atrocities committed by the Sandinis­ fundraisers. They sent out letters. They got their foothold on the mainland of the tas. their message across on radio. Americas. We should restore full aid to the Beyond this agreement, the U.N.O. leader­ The organization now has about $2,800, Nicaraguan Democratic Resistance, repre­ ship is also united in its goals-peaceful s~ and its headquarters are in the Cassidy's sented by the United Nicaraguan Opposi­ lutions and national reconciliation. All the home at 539 Divison Street. groups in the organization have repeatedly "There have been special funds formed to tion. The United Nicaraguan Opposition offered to stop fighting and start negotiat­ help parents defray medical costs and relat­ ing. That offer is still open. ed expenses, but they were set up only on a stands for the values of freedom, democra­ cy, and human rights which we cherish. The leadership of the Nicaraguan opposi­ case-by-case basis, only to be disbanded tion has the right to disagree about many after the child received medical treatment," The Opposition's leadership made its views things, but we agree on the important Joe said. clear in the following article in the New points. We recognize that the only legiti­ "The cost to parents staying in a hotel York Times of December 13, 1985: near the hospital where their sick child is mate source of power is a free electoral being treated in some cases can amount to "CONTRAS" ARE ON THE RIGHT TRACK process. We agree completely on the need to over $100 daily," Joe said. NEW ZEALAND AND PORT Chile, Paraguay, and a few others-that are A TRIBUTE TO TOMMY ACCESS LEGISLATION not making progress toward democratic WINEBRENNER government. I believe we need to look very HON. GUY V. MOLINARI hard at future aid allocations for Panama OF NEW YORK so long as current political trends continue. HON. CARROLL A. CAMPBELL, JR. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Particularly at this Christmas season, I OF SOUTH CAROLINA know that all of us in the House join in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, December 17, 1985 hoping that the new year will progress Mr. MOLINARI. Mr. Speaker, I was dis­ toward democracy for the Panamanian Wednesday, December 11, 1985 appointed to learn last week that New Zea­ people. Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. Speaker, after 30 land's Prime Minister David Lange has in­ The editorial follows: years on Capitol Hill, Tommy Winebrenner troduced legislation which would put into [From the Washington Post, Dec. 6, 19851 is leaving. To say that he will be missed is law the current government's policy of not PANAMA "BEHEADED" an understatement. granting port access to nuclear powered or How do you say goodbye to an institu­ armed ships. The legislation also bans nu­ According to a report from the police in Ciudad Neily, Costa Rica, witnesses last saw tion? I remember very clearly my first days clear-armed aircraft from landing in New here as a freshman Congressman and the Zealand. Dr. Hugo Spadafora alive reading a newspa­ per at a Panamanian National Guard border invaluable help Tommy provided. His Relations between the United States and checkpoint, where he was being detained knowledge of the House schedule, the legis­ New Zealand have been strained since Feb­ after having been removed from a bus, lative calendar and process, Jefferson's ruary of this year when New Zealand first about noon on Friday, Sept. 13. The next Manual, Roberts Rules of Order, and just implemented this policy by refusing to person the Costa Rican police could find the everyday comings and goings of the allow the U.S.S. Buchanan entry into a New who had seen him was the young man who House were at that time rumored to be leg­ Zealand port. New Zealand claims that in found his body, "completely decapitated," in endary. And, I can honestly say that the its legislation it is attempting to accommo­ La Vaquita River just across the border legend proved to be true. Tommy has from Panama the next afternoon. date the United States policy of neither always been there to provide just the right confirming nor denying the presence of nu­ Dr. Spadafora was known, among other things, for having formed a battalion in parliamentary stroke and keep us on the clear weapons aboard our ships by assign­ right track. His honesty and professional­ ing that responsibility to the Prime Minis­ Panama to fight against the Somoza family in Nicaragua. He was also known for being a ism are recognized by both sides of the ter, who will make the determination based keen critic of, among other things, the al­ aisle and he will certainly be missed. It has on all relevant information and advice leged drug trafficking connections of Gen. been a pleasure to work with him and I available to him from various sources. Manuel Noriega, strongman of Panama wish him the best of luck. The U.S. State Department has made it's The murder and its manner stunned feelings about this legislation quite clear. Panama, which is not one of those Central In order to maintain our alliance under the American places where the killing, let alone ANZUS Treaty, full cooperation of all three the evident torture and beheading, of critics A TRIBUTE TO TOMMY parties is necessary. The State Department is routine. In an important sense, however, WINEBRENNER has stated that a full review of our security Dr. Spadafora was not the only victim. obligations to New Zealand under the There is reason to believe that the elected president, Nicolas Arditas Barletta, was HON. CHARLES PASHAYAN, JR. ANZUS Treaty will be undertaken if such planning to launch an inquiry into the legislation is enacted, with the possible OF CALIFORNIA crime upon his return from a trip to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES result that our longstanding treaty alliance United Nations in October. While he was with New Zealand would be terminated. still in New York, Gen. Noriega forced his Wednesday, December 11, 1985 Mr. Speaker, New Zealand has always ouster; actually, President Barletta, strug­ Mr. PASHAYAN. Mr. Speaker, in paying been a true and loyal friend of the United gling to maintain a thread of constitutional­ ity, "separated" himself from office under tribute to Tommy Winebrenner, I shall not States and it would be unfortunate if the make comment on Tommy's parliamentary port access issue would force the United an obscure article and technically remains president. prowess, which, I take it, has been done States to make any change in our alliance abundantly by my colleagues. Rather, I relationship. It is my hope that New Zea­ The story was put out that the Barletta economic policies were largely to blame, but shall dwell on what on first blush seems a land will reconsider the advisability of the knowledgeable Panamanians look more to small point, but is really important to port access legislation and return to a the Spadafora affair. Panama's painful Members in a practical way. policy of full cooperation under ANZUS­ progress toward democracy was thereby No parliamentary body such as ours can an alliance that an overwhelming majority "beheaded" too. perform without the presence of a suffi­ of the New Zealand public supports. In the In Panama these days, the atmosphere reeks of police intimidation, but large num­ cient number of Members. Short of an ex­ event that this is not the case, however, I treme situation, the attendance of Members would hope that the Congress would sup­ bers of citizens have come out in the streets calling peacefully for an inquiry into the of the House is voluntary. The people elect port the State Department in actions it may Members to attend and to vote, but they view as necessary as a result of the enact­ Spadafora murder. Meanwhile, the armed forces are bringing under their direct con­ also elect Members to perform a whole host ment of such legislation. trol a whole range of functions-ports, rail­ of other duties. roads, customs, immigration-previously There is no Member of this body who PANAMA "BEHEADED" and more properly under civil administra­ feels that 24 hours a day are too many to tion. The Barletta economic policy, which succeed in the numerous tasks given by had been sanctioned by the political parties, HON. MICHAEL D. BARNES threatens to go by the boards, with im­ those who elect us. Meetings in committees OF MARYLAND mense potential costs to the country's eco­ and in Members' offices on the Hill are im­ portant, but on occasion meetings off the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nomic viability and credit worthiness. Gen. Noriega is well known in Panama. He Hill are also of significant importance. Tuesday, December 17, 1985 is becoming well known outside Panama as Now Mr. Speaker, it is often no small Mr. BARNES. Mr. Speaker, the following an impervious leader who fears to let inde­ matter to determine when it is safe to leave editorial from the Washington Post pretty pendent investigators examine the Spada­ the Hill for such a meeting, when a well reflects the frustrations of the Con­ fora affair and to let independent citizens Member can do constituent business at a control their government. Almost every department or agency without missing gress and the American people with the country in Latin America is going the demo­ perversion of democratic government in cratic way except Nicaragua and Panama. votes. Panama under General Noriega. Panama is Gen. Noriega is an embarrassment to his The same holds true when deciding part of a not-very-select group of countries country, and to the integrity of the Pana­ whether to fly to the district on this day or in Latin America-Cuba, Nicaragua, Haiti, manian armed forces. that. December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37513 When we stop to think about it, Mr. or a Navy mechanic. Old Southern congress­ Eventually you get accustomed to the Speaker, deciding when to leave the Hill men are supposed to have distinguished bells, the subway, the votes, the jokes, the can be one of the important things Mem­ white hair, mellifluous voices, distractingly Capitol, and then you begin to discern the articulate speech, but Fa.seen is gruff, jowly, entire arabesque process, the unnatural divi­ bers decide countless times during the leg­ blunt, a bulldog among the swans. He is sion of responsibility among the authoriza­ islative year. built low to the ground, for better corner­ tion committees, appropriations committees, Mr. Speaker, the advice given to several ing. budget committees, revenue committees, generations of Members by Tommy Wine­ After a quick left and a quick right he conference committees ... You marvel at brenner on this small but important item rides the elevator to the sub-basement, cuts the explosion of staff, the pandering to tele­ as well as his constant and sage counsel on through the boiler room-he hates to waste vision, the breakdown of the seniority parliamentary procedures on the floor will time-and then loads himself into a cart system, the frenzy of campaign fund raising, be sorely missed by us all, and by that, Mr. that looks a tad like the Conch Train down the rapidly growing clout of the big-money in Key West. An attendant throws a lever Political Action Committees . and of Republicans. None of these decisions can down a curved, gloomy tunnel. A little course the traditional red-ink spending, be made competently except by complete subway for congressmen. This is the first pork barrel projects, the grandstanding, the mastery not only of parliamentary details thing that seems a little strange. back-slapping, the palm-greasing ... but of the political strategies occurring at At the end of the ride he finds himself And you begin to wonder. any moment throughout the parliamentary deep beneath the United States Capitol. An What is going on here? escalator and another elevator take him to What is happening to Congress? day. We cannot count the number of times the Rules Committee room. The entire trip that we have taken comfort in Tommy's Is this any way to run a government? avoids any contact with sunlight and, and The Founding Fathers, the Framers, they judgment, "Be back by such a time." more importantly, tourists, thousands of had a very good idea-good enough to sur­ I am sure that my colleagues join me whom roam the Capitol, driven by a thirst vive two centuries of sometimes moronic when I say, Tommy, thanks for your wise for the symbols of democracy. This is the stewardship-but the simple fact is that the advice given countless times on whether to second thing that seems a little strange. Constitution is a document of principles, stay on the Hill or to do business else­ You just can't believe that the Congress ac­ with a basic sketch of the structures of gov­ where, or whether to stay in Washington tually works here, that it continues to oper­ ernment, and it does not say anything about ate the government of the United States subcommittees and budget making and defi­ one more day or to leave for the district. above and below and around these innumer­ Tommy, your advice and your humor will cit spending and PACs and TV, it does not able busloads of people from Dubuque and say anything about the freaking Rules Com­ be missed by us all, and your contributions Akron and Montgomery. mittee ... vague and high-minded, the Con­ to parliamentary procedures and events in In the Rules Committee room, a surpris­ stitution leaves unanswered the question of your three decades on the Hill have been ingly small and cramped chamber with how the decisions will be made, how the brilliant and immense. I wish you the best fancy curtains, Claude Pepper calls the bridges will get built, how the money will be fortune in you next endeavor. meeting to order. Eight Democrats sit to his taxed. left. One Republican sits to his right. A few So for nearly 200 years, Congress has been other Republicans wander in and then ... well, winging it. DANTE FASCELL AND THE quickly leave. They know they don't have a When you realize this is when you begin MIRACLE OF DEMOCRACY chance against Fa.seen, who heads the For­ to appreciate a man like Dante Fascell, eign Affairs Committee, and who is such a career congressman, master of the game. powerful congressman that he once pushed No one-it's almost sad-no one will ever HON. BILL RICHARDSON through a foreign aid bill that included mil­ build a big marble Lincoln Memorial-style OF NEW MEXICO lions of dollars for Miami. Fa.seen and several Republicans trade monument in honor of Dante B. Fascell, D­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES turns arguing about a nuclear test ban reso­ Fla., representative of the 19th congression­ Tuesday, December 17, 1985 lution. Fascell wants the Rules Committee al district, going on 31 years in Congress. to prohibit amendments. The Republicans He deserves something. Maybe a good, Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, there easily win the day from a rhetorical stand­ solid statue. It would not have to be a tall are giants in the U.S. Congress. One of point. Fascell starts to leave, but then statue. In fact it could be rather squat. these is DANTE F ASCELL-little in height pauses and cocks one ear, to catch the vote. Stubby. Oblate. The countenance would but enormously tall in stature and accom­ Nine to one. As expected. He had called have a lot of ... character, shall we say. plishments for this country. them all the day before, just to make sure. and instead of a scroll in his left hand, it would be a pipe. And a Captain Black pouch There is also another side to F ASCELL. Fascell has barely made it back to his office when a bell rings on the wall. Two sticking out the back pocket. The inscrip­ When I was a young, struggling, aspiring tion, the one glorious quotation to remem­ public servant, he was always there with a bursts, loud and raunchy. Fa.seen drops ev­ erything and rushes back into the hall and ber him by, could be simply: "You have to kind word and willingness to help. I will charges once again down the corridor. A have the votes." always consider him as one of my mentors. bell. They use a bell, just like school. This is In a way Fa.seen already has monuments This article captures the F ASCELL style the third thing that seems a little strange. everywhere, particularly in his district, and character. As Fascell marches on the Capitol he is which runs from Coconut Grove to Key West and once covered all of Dade and THE MIRACLE WORKER joined by other congressmen, but they can't keep up with the 68-year-old from Kendall, Monroe counties. Radio Marti is a monu­ In Congress, 68 isn't old. Some of the gen­ ment to his anti-Castro passion. Biscayne "Where'm I going? Where'm I going? tlemen appear in need of pure oxygen. National Park is a monument to his stub­ No one answers. "It's a stupid vote, really," Fa.seen says. bomess and refusal to.cave in to developers. "They're not listening to me, they never The House is voting on the previous day's The new bridges in the Keys, and the new listen to me," says Dante Fascell, feigning journal. Kind of like approving the minutes. water main to Key West ... those were self-pity. They always listen, of course. He "You're not going to vote down the journal. Fa.seen. The new beach on Miami jams a wad of Captain Black into his pipe, It's a technicality. We should abolish it, but Beach ... Fascell. The War Powers Act, and turns up the volume. we won't." the establishment of the Consumer Protec­ "Where'm I going?" Two bells means a floor vote. Three bells tion Agency, the Department of Housing "Rules," a press aide says from across the means a quorum call. Four bells means go and Urban Development, the Department of room. home for the· day. Twelve bells means that Education, the extension of the principle of Rules Committee. in a few moments everyone will tum to government-in-the-sunshine to Congress ... "Let's go!" the congressman says, and he vapor. Years ago, the 12-bell alert would be Fascell had his thick hand in all that. charges out of the office and down the hall, tested at 11 a.m. on the first Wednesday of Yet, even though he's by all estimates one staffers and supplicants in tow. It is a Tues­ every month, and all the congressmen of the 10 most powerful and respected men day morning and the King is coming to would ignore the noise. Eventually someone in Congress, maybe one of the top five, he's town, the one from Jordan, Hussein. But realized that the Russians might learn still ... well, he's still just a congressman. first there is business to conduct, deals to about the test and attack precisely at that And he is an intentionally low-key one at make, meetings to attend. Fascell is in over­ moment, dusting the leaders of the Western that. A mangler of language, he is definitely drive, power-walking like an Olympian, World in the middle of a committee meet­ not an orator. C"I wish I could speak seven gaining speed from liberal use of the fore­ ing, rather than, say, in the elevator leading languages, fluently," Fascell says. "I speak arms. He would be believable as a plumber to the garage. one language. Badly.") He has built up a 37514 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 17, 1985 reputation as a behind-the-scenes smoky­ Fascell's longtime campaign chairman, Pon­ old buildings, as though perhaps it is full of room dealmaker-although Fascell protests tiac dealer Burton Kahn. early 19th Century secrets, lots of little pas­ unconvincingly, "I've never made a deal in Fascell was patient. His staff expanded. sageways and tunnels and bookcases that my life." He doesn't like the smoky-room al­ Congress changed. By the time Fascell took spin around, ghosts. hisions, and notes that he doesn't smoke over Foreign Affairs, the seniority system Fascell knows of a tiny prayer room. He cigars and "gave up pinching women." had given way to a centrifugal dispersion of sometimes goes there to pray. Some liberal Democrats think Fascell is power, and an explosion of subcommittees. "We pray for forgiveness," he jokes, too willing to compromise with the Republi­ For example, the Agriculture Committee taking a sip of coffee. cans. But rather than ram through legisla­ now has eight subcommittees, such as the "Or pray that your bill will pass," some­ tion with a brute Democratic majority, Fas­ Cotton, Rice and Sugar subcommittee, the one suggests. cell likes to get everyone on his side. He just Wheat, Soybeans and Feed Grains subcom­ "And do you know what God says? God wants to get the job done. mittee, and the Tobacco and Peanuts sub­ says-"Fascell pauses theatrically-" 'Do DBF, as his staffers call him, isn't even committee. These have become fiefdoms for you have the votes?' " ambitious, at least by the standards of younger congressmen. According to a report He believes in votes. The one who gets the Washington, that roiling pit of megaloma­ in the Atlantic last December, there were 47 most, wins. Simple. nia. It's hard to retain much humility and meaningful Mr. Chairman positions in Con­ And the consensus around the Hill is that restraint inside the Beltway, where thou­ gress in 1964. By 1984 the number of Mr. there's no one better than Fascell at getting sands of people who are big shots back Chairman positions had risen to 326. There them. Fascell is what is known around the home but mere rodents here in the Center was a Mr. Chairman glut. Capitol as "a player." Unlike a lot of the 535 of the Universe are competing for influence The number of congressmen has not representatives and senators, he matters. and searching for the ultimate Power changed, but the size of the whole corpora­ Consider his foreign aid feat. Producing a Lunch. They ar~ the kind of people who are tion has mushroomed. The Foreign Affairs foreign aid bill has historically been the so competitive they won't share a recipe. Committee staff went from 14 people in single most important task faced each year Fascell, to his credit, has never been one 1960 to 85 by 1983. Rules Committee staff by the House Foreign Affairs Committee, of these lowly dust-eating gerbils. Of course, went from 2 to 47. Nowadays staffers are and yet, under the lame leadership of an­ he will never be the House Majority Leader often busy just trying to cope with other cient Clement Zablocki of Wisconsin, the or the Speaker. He got off that track years staffers. Staffer gridlock. committee hadn't managed to put together ago. He's no Jack Kemp or Bill Bradley or The House held 73 floor votes in 1955, and a foreign aid bill for several years. Foreign Peter Ueberroth, he's not trying to ride into 498 votes in 1983. And yet Congress is pass­ aid has never been politically popular, even power on some kind of Great Man Plan. ing less than half as many bills. It turns out though it's a great way to implement and "I made a conscious decision then that I that the seniority system was the grease in regulate a foreign policy. It means giving would stick to my knitting, that I would pay the wheel. money to people who are not Americans. attention to my district and work on my Fascell admits that it is now harder to This doesn't go over well with the folks in committee," Fascell says. pass legislation. But he defends the system the cheap seats. Zablocki couldn't even get a He has a distinguished position as chair­ like Cerberus at the Gates of Hades. bill out of committee. man of Foreign Affairs, but for the most "In the old days of the seniority system, Then Fascell took over in January 1984, part, Congress is just tagging along on for­ all that was required was a meeting of the knocked heads, kicked tail, and within a few eign policy-the constitutional province of leadership," he says. "That is no longer months he had rammed the bill through the the Executive Branch. true. Some people don't happen to like that. House. Judging from the incredulous reac­ Which is not to imply that Dante B. Fas­ I happen to think it's great." tion of the Congress-watchers you'd have cell is a nobody, or a failure. The Republi­ Allen Weinstein, president of a nonparti­ thought Fascell had single-handedly bal­ cans know otherwise. Fascell has been an san think tank called the Center For De­ immovable object as far as the GOP is con­ mocracy in Washington, says, "I don't know anced the budget. cerned. He has won 16 straight elections in a single other member of Congress who has What does this stocky old guy know that the 19th congressional district. Won big bridged the gap as successfully as Fascell others don't? What is The Secret? almost every time. In a time when more and between the older political culture of Wash­ The answer isn't obvious. Or maybe it's so more congressmen have the blow-dried hair, ington and the newer culture. He is respect­ obvious it's invisible. Mostly, Fascell talks to freeze-frame smiles and mechanistic deliv­ ed by every young turk I can think of." people. He pulls them aside in the hall, ery of TV newscasters, Fascell had endured In his tenure Fascell has seen seven presi­ whispers something in their ear, and they and triumphed. In fact, in 1982 the local dents, seven governors of Florida, six nod, and the next thing you know there's a GOP went so far as to run an actual TV mayors of Miami and 13 city editors of The bridge going up. The strange thing is that if newscaster against Fascell. The man was Miami Herald. you sneak up next to him and try to detect Glenn Rinker, from Channel 10, and Fascell There is a bridge named for him in the what it is he's saying, to surreptitiously beat him by a mile. Florida Keys. And there is a park named for catch those few precious words, you hear What is perhaps most remarkable is that him in Kendall. something like, "Natcher says two hours, Fascell has prospered and grown powerful A few years ago he decided to go to Dante OK?" despite a reformist upheaval that has made B. Fascell Park to play tennis. He forgot his It's all so ... mundane. But then that's life a little harder for many of the old-line ID card. The attendant didn't recognize the the system. The oratory, the "I regret I breed. fellow. Made him pay a nonresident's fee. have but one life to give for my country," The greatest change during his 31-year Fascell is drinking coffee in the House that's just the wrapping, part of the mar­ tenure has been the ditching of the seniori­ dining room, telling war stories about his keting. Democracy is riding elevators and ty system, which essentially gave power to days in the Army . The Here are some rough notes from watching created or disbanded subcommittees at will, room is as noisy as a college cafeteria, Fascell at work, some journalistic ore, if you picked themselves to chair all important packed with congressmen, House officers, will: panels, hired all staff, scheduled all meet­ lobbyists, reporters, dignitaries and syco­ Fascell gets on Capitol subway next to ings, stepped on any and all challengers. phants, and as Fascell talks, a man at the congressman from Oklahoma. The Constitution, of course, didn't explicitly next table stands up, points at Fascell and Fascell: "I just told someone you still say that Congress had to be fair. The says very loudly, apparently for the benefit make buggy whips in your country" younger congressmen would arrive in Wash­ of the people he is sitting with, "That man Oklahoman: "That's right. It's so poor ington and discover that they had been is one of the most powerful men in Con­ there, my brother'n'I went out the other more or less disenfranchised. Naturally they gress-if not the most powerful." day to shoot the pig between the eyes, but couldn't tell this to the people back home. The guy's a young congressman. Maybe he was so thin we had to smother him to They were supposed to be cheeses. And they he's trying to score points. Fascell just death." knew it was suicide to buck the system and laughs and shouts back, "I keep trying to HA HA HA HA HA HA HA HA HA HA cross a committee chairmam. So they all tell people that, but they won't listen." HA sucked in their guts, queued up and waited A few yards away is George WaShington, Fascell goes to office, three men waiting. their tum. who is sticking his hand out at Cornwallis, Silver-haired man: "We're Barnett Bank Fascell waited 28 years. When he first got who in turn is suing for cessation of hostil­ for Better Government." to Washington he was assigned an office in ities under the flag of truce. The fresco had Younger guy : "Barnett People the basement next to the elevator shaft. been walled up in the Capitol for years, and for Better Government." "He couldn't talk on the phone because the found during a remodeling. The Capitol has Fascell: "You the PAC, are you?" elevator made so much noise," remembers that slightly mysterious air that cloaks all They talk about an interstate banking bill. December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37515 Fascell: "Hold on. let me call my legisla­ real and honest. That's not exactly common When U.S. Rep. William Lantaff retired tive assistant and get a reading on that. in Washington. He's Just a Heckuva Guy. four years later, the 37-year-old Fascell Marcia? Even the Republicans admire Fascell, cruised into the vacancy with the slogan The national trigger bill, still in commit- though he doesn't vote with them like some "Ring the Bell for Dante Fascell." tee? of the Democratic "boll weevils" from the Fascell says that if he hadn't gone into Dying? And where am I on it?" South. "He is well-liked on our side of the politics he "would've done something else Fascell sees congressman in hall. aisle," says California Republican Robert great." He winks when he says it but there's Fascell: "Hello, Mr. Chairman." "B-1 Bob" Dornan, who flies as far right as a fat streak of truth there. Ultimately Fas­ Congressman: "Hello, Mr. Chairman." anyone in the House. "Personal warmth cell believes that his success is the product Fascell gets briefed about world events. goes a long way. Fairness goes even far­ of an unmeasurable and indefinable great­ Fascell: "George, hurry up!" ther." ness. And he does have a certain air about George: "I just wanted to give you an Maybe The Secret is that Fascell is a true him-like many men and women of unusual update on the Israeli bombing of the PLO patriot. He is an old-fashioned anti-Commu­ achievement, he is at all times the perceived headquarters in Tunisia." nist liberal, a disciple of the New Frontier. locus of energy in the room, the axis of the Fascell: "The people who allegedly mur­ He is one of the leading forces in Congress magnetic field, the monopolizer of power. dered the Israelis are back in jail." to extend the message of America overseas, Everyone present is either listening to George: "Yes, in Cyprus." lobbying hard for the Voice of America and, Dante Fascell or speaking to him. Fascell: "So the attack on the PLO head­ of course, Radio Marti. He was never one, "Attaboy!" quarters was gratuitous." not even in the darkest hours of Vietnam The congressman springs from his chair George: "Gratuitous." and Watergate, to lose faith that we are the and balls his fist and slugs the air, as the Fascell: "And exacerbated an already . .. good guys. radio crackles news of a Miami Hurricane exacerbatable situation." "I haven't found a better system," he says, touchdown. This is a Saturday, in Kendall. Fascell receives a clipping frm the morn- staunchly. "Hey. Hey Stan? Stan. This guy went 90 ing paper. Maybe The Secret is just hard work. He's yards on a screen pass. Alonzo Highsmith." Fascell: "What's this?" got some kind of internal energy source that Stan Strother, Fascell's son-in-law, shakes Aide: "Today's paper." isn't normal-it makes nuclear fusion look his head. The congressman sits down and Fascell: "Did they quote me?" like static electricity. This is a man who his 10-month-old granddaughter Stacy Aide: "Yes." once literally staggered into the House comes pounding into the room, teetering on Fascell: "Is it accurate?" chamber with a blood clot on his brain, her impossibly small feet. Aide: "Yes." stumbling around and nearly paralyzed on "Hi Sweetie Pie! Lookadat. Yeh, she's got Fascell: "Is it good or bad?" his right side, but doggedly determined to a biiiig smile all the time. She's a cutie-pie. Aide: "it's fine." vote against Reagan's tax cut. The next day What you grinning at, punky?" Fascell : "That's how we read the doctor drilled two holes in Fascell's The phone rings and the congressman the paper." head and he's been better ever since. gets it. So there it is. An actual congressman in Most likely The Secret is nothing more "Yeah. Right. Yeah. Don't wo- Don't action! You have to wonder: Are we missing than a special attitude about government. worry, we'll catch up with each other. You something? In a word: Yes. There are things Fascell is viciously pragmatic, willing to bet. Bye." happening out of sight, in the staff offices, compromise in a pinch. He beelines for the He scowls. in the cloakroom behind the Speaker's common ground with the unerring instinct "Man! He was determined to come over podium, in the private conferences. But at of a sea turtle. here tomorrow." least on the surface, big-time representative "You got umpteen people on the commit­ "Who was that?" government is a lot like ... smalltalk. tee. Every member has a different idea "Constituent." The scene on the House floor itself is not about something. The first thing you go to A visitor says the congressman is a very particularly riveting. Often, protocol gets in do is get all those people moving along the important man. Stan nods, says to his the way of any serious discussion. They are same railroad track. You might not be able father-in-law, "It's like when you were doing constantly "yielding" and "not yielding" to to get them on the same car, but you got to the foreign aid bill. I sorta knew it was each other. Here is a sample from the Farm at least get them on the same train." major. But I didn't know how major it was Bill debate: Be it from coincidence or contrivance, Fas­ until I started watching C-Span." Rep. Rose: You can produce peanuts in cell 's philosophy is usually in step with the Interception. California. politically attainable. He also doesn't forget "I can't believe it. Yuck," Fascell says. Rep. Brown: Nonquota peanuts, yes. the electorate. In his district, one of the The congressman fields another phone Rep. Rose: And do you know that, if there most eclectic in America-including the call, then answers the door and is handed a is any shortage in the domestic- military personnel in Homestead. the vege­ stack of papers by a woman who immediate­ Rep. Brown: Did the gentelman ask me if table farmers in the Redlands, the Yuppies ly vanishes, and then he sits down. I would yield to him? in Kendall, and the uncharted ground in "Who am I? Y'know, I'm a public office Rep. Rose: I thought the gentleman did Key West and Coconut Grove-it is quite a holder, y'know. I'm a family man. Y'know. I yield. I apologize. balancing act. Into the mix goes a sizable try to live in the community. Try to have Rep. Brown: No, but if you will ask, I will. number of conservative Latin exiles. His some kind of private life. I like to fish. I'm a Rep. Rose: Well, will the gentleman yield? staunchly anti-Communist votes, particular­ Renaissance Man. I like music. Don't write Rep. Brown: I am happy to yield to my ly his hawkish stance on Cuba and Central that. Don't write that! It's presumptuous to friend. America, nicely match the beliefs in his dis­ use the term Renaissance Man. I'm not a Rep. Rose: I appreciate it . . . Do you trict. He is a politician. poet or a writer or anything." know that exports of those peanuts have "The main thing is being a known quanti­ He loads his pipe. gone up 40- ty." Fascell says of his success. "Christmas is a big thing for us. It's a big Rep. Brown: I continue to yield to my That's about all he says. He doesn't seem deal. We have a tree, right )lere where we're friend. very thrilled to talk about himself. He could sitting, and everybody has fun." Rep. Rose: Do I have to say that every be making phone calls instead. Getting His voice grew somber. time I speak with you? I will get my own votes. "We have a good family. Good family." time, but I thank the gentleman for what Fascell's drive and pragmatism date back Dante and Jeanne-Marie Fascell have two appeared to be yielding. to his scrappy youth. A first-generation living children-Toni, Stacy's mother, and When everyone goes home for the day, a American, he was born in Bridgehampton, Sandra Jeanne. few people stick around to make speeches in N.Y., and moved with his Italian immigrant On Feb. 9, 1984, barely a month after he an empty room, for the benefit of who ever parents to Miami in 1925. He helped his finally became chairman of the Foreign Af­ might be watching out there on C-Span. father deliver milk and eke out a modest fairs Committee, Fascell was presiding over One night William Dannemeyer of Califor­ income. His mother, 90-year-old Mary Fas­ a hearing and listening to Defense Secre­ nia got up and spoke for half an hour about cell of Coral Gables, remembers Dante, who tary Caspar Weinberger testify when he was AIDS, blaming it on the existence of homo­ she named after the poet, as a rule-abiding, summoned into a back room. Two of his sexuality: "God's plan was for Adam and untroubled boy who lived school. He didn't aides, Bob O'Regan and Barbara Burris, Eve, not Adam and Steve ..." move out until he got married, in 1941, to were waiting. They told Fascell that his This is Congress. Somehow-and this is Jeanne-Marie Pelot, a marriage that thrives only son, Dante Jon, called "Deej" by the the miracle-it works. today. Fascell earned a law degree from the family, had been killed in a collision on the There's still the question of The Secret. University of Miami, and, backed by the Seven Mile Bridge. Maybe it's just that everybody likes Fascell, local Young Democrats and Jaycees, won a "It's Just a big blur right now," he says as because he's so straight-ahead, so raw and spot in 1950 in the Florida Legislature. he shifts in his armchair. "Somebody got 37516 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 17, 1985 me, said it was an emergency call. My son throne in a toga, nearly barechested, one TRIBUTE TO TOMMY had been killed. I don't know. Maybe I God-like finger pointing skyward. He passes WINEBRENNER talked to my wife. It's just a big blur. vast dizzying tracts of federal office build­ "You go on doing the best you can. You ings, horizontal skyscrapers, so many that never really get over the loss of a child or a you can't believe the government could be loved one. But it makes you realize philo­ that big. And then on the right, rising above HON. CHALMERS P. WYLIE sophically about life and how quickly it can the cherry trees near the bank of the river, change. It also makes you realize how beau­ appears a familiar neo-Classical temple. OF OHIO tiful people are. We got correspondence "There's the Jefferson Memorial!" from all over the country. There was a tre­ The congressman's saggy old face turns IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mendous outpouring of sympathy and sup­ happy and reverent. port. You know that there's just worlds of "There's Jefferson, standing in the middle Wednesday, December 11, 1985 good people out there." of all these thoughts and words. Jefferson­ His sister Vera says later. "It's like a part Mr. WYLIE. Mr. Speaker, may I add to ain. I think the monuments really capture the many expressions of respect and com­ of him is gone. There's a certain sadness the individuals." there that was not there before. You would Thirty years he's been in Washington and pliments said of Tommy Winebrenner. I have to know him to know it was there." want to commend Congressman JOHN It is late morning on a Friday in Washing­ he still gets a charge from it all, a sensation. ton, and Fascell has to catch a plane in an To think: He is part of it. He is one of the MYERS and Congressman Bun HILLIS for hour, to go home to Kendall. Every Friday, chosen, picked from among the teeming taking special orders so that we may put in thousands of people abandon Washington minions to be a leader, his only boss the the RECORD our warm regards for Tommy and return to various corners of the United Constitution. He is part of it: Checks and Winebrenner. Thanks to the technology of States. Fascell goes to Kendall because Ken­ balances. Representative government. The television and the fact that the House pro­ Grand Continuum of Democracy! dall is where he lives. He doesn't live in ceedings are broadcast on C-SPAN, Washington, he says. He spends most of his "It's still not lost on me, I still get tin­ time in Washington, but he says "You gles," he says at one point. "Y'know, looking Tommy's mother and sister were able to see couldn't give me this city." at the flag flying over the Capitol, and the the enthusiastic expressions of praise by Part of his loyalty to South Florida has to dome is lit and you're walking through the Members of Congress on Tommy's behalf. do with the water, he says. He likes to fish. halls and you're looking at Washington and The proceedings were even broadcast all One suspects that his loyalty also has to do Lincoln and Roosevelt and Stevenson and the way to Texas so that his brother could with the voters. After all, he is a congress­ all the rest of the great figures in American see them. I know it meant a lot to Tommy man, which means that he is supposed to be history ..." that his mother, sister, and brother were "closer to the people" than a senator, which The Pontiac passes within a few hundred means that he has to run for office every yards of Jefferson, who stands embronzed able to hear those wonderful remarks two years, which in the modern age of long under the rotunda, a scroll in his left hand, about their son and brother. Tommy is one campaigns means that he is always running his words on the walls, words that, in the in­ of those public servants who goes about for office. He is always raising campaign toxicating seriousness of the nation's cap­ doing his job in a very professional way funds, some of which pay for his annual ital, lose their rote quality, their elementary without fanfare, who feels his reward is in Labor Day picnic, a legendary cook-out that school obviousness, and become something draws thousands of people. His longtime doing a good job. He has been rewarded immediate and important and even real. richly. I came to know Tommy early on in campaign treasurer, insurance agent George "Lincoln's is so dramatic, it has such a Korge, notes that Fascell won his first race somber impact on you," Fascell says, noting my time in Congress when he was intro­ in 1954 on a total budget of $10,000. "If we the even more massive temple in the dis­ duced to me by Harry Brookshire who had got a $25 contribution, we'd go out and cele­ his position before Tommy. Harry said if brate," Korge remembers. Times have tance, at the end of the Mall. changed: Fascell already has $239,000 in the Then: "Look at the Potomac River!" you want to know anything about what has bank for his 1966 race. Just as he says this another car nearly happened on the floor or is about to Altogether it's not the best system imagi­ smashes his front right fender, and he slaps happen, ask Tommy Winebrenner. I have nable, but it beats the way they do it in, say, on the brakes and downshifts and shrieks, found that to be good advice over the Paraguay. "Jesus Christmas! YiYiYi!" years. Tommy is not only knowledgeable He gets off the expressway and onto the In any case, it's another Friday, and Fas­ however elementary or mundane the ques­ cell has to catch a plane, though first he George Washington Parkway, winding along must attend to details, phone calls, meet­ the western shore of the Potomac River. tion might seem. But the information he ings. Fascell says he doesn't think George Wash­ imparts is always reliable and useful. "Never seems to be enough time. Should ington actually threw a silver dollar across. It would be hard to estimate the impact be 40 hours in the day. All right. I got the Too far. he has had on legislation and the delibera­ speech. Schedule. Travel arrangements. Re­ On the outskirsts of the airport a cop porter's telephone number ..." standing in the roadway signals Fascell to tions of the House, but they have been con­ An aide hands him a letter and Fascell pull over. Fascell does. and leans out the siderable by being available to give advice says, "Do it over, because that's not too door. as to how you go about being a part of the good.'' "What'd I do?" he says with an impish process, especially for us as we came in as Pounding through the office, Fascell grin. new Members. I have never heard an catches a scent and grimaces. "Jesus! What "Forty-six, sir," says the cop, who shows unkind or uncomplimentary word said is that stuff that Jack smokes? Holy ..." no sign of recognizing the chairman of the Then he settles down in his chair and rubs about Tommy Winebrenner. He is held in House Foreign Affairs Committee. high esteem by Members on both sides of his bleary eyes, his wise old barnacle eyes. "Well, I'm sorry, I was just trying to catch "This week just suddenly caught up with an airplane." the aisle. me," he says to no one in particular. "I'm "Well, the airport's busy today," the offi­ Tommy was most overwhelmed when the tired . . . I hope no one shakes me." cer says. The cop has ticket written all over Which means he hopes no one shakes him Republican conference gave him a standing awake on the plane. They do that. They his face. But for some reason-maybe it's ovation on learning of his early retirement sneak up to him and grab his shoulder and the body language of this stubby little guy and afforded him the rare privilege of shake and say "Are you asleep?" And he has hanging out the door of the Pontiac, maybe it's his spunky "What'd I do?" maybe it's asking him to address the conference. His to say no, because congressmen are always humbleness and appreciation were evident. running. something in his eyes, a glowering that sug­ Fascell loads up his briefcase and descends gests both friendliness and power. maybe Tommy is one of those persons who will be to the basement to his Pontiac 6000, and in it's the negotiable smile-for some ultimate­ truly missed when he leaves his job on the a minute he is up on the Capitol Express­ ly unknown reason the · cop pulls back a House floor. Majorie joins me in wishing way. He dodges slower cars as he picks up little and says simply, "Please slow down, for Tommy, his wife Barbara, his daughter speed, his right hand working the gearshift sir." Pat, who is a nurse at Duke Hospital and "OK!" like a drag racer even though his Pontiac is his son Mark, a junior at Chowan College, an automatic Che says he likes to "use the The deal is struck. The congressman engine"). He passes the Smithsonian, where drives away. He shows no sign of slowing success and happiness in their life after a marble George Washington sits on a down. Congress. December 17, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 37517 TRIBUTE TO TOMMY strongly support the resumption of negotia­ The media in general and the Beacon WINEBRENNER tions between the United States and the journal in particular have done an unbeliev­ Soviet Union toward a Comprehensive Test ably bad job in reporting the Soviet Union's action or commenting about it editorially. Ban [CTB] Treaty. I've asked a newspaper editor, business ex­ HON. FLOYD SPENCE The United States and the Soviet Union ecutives, pastors at a convention, friends OF SOUTH CAROLINA have already initiated a step-by-step ap­ and acquaintances if they know about the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES proach to the completion of a complete Soviet testing halt. The editor and most of Wednesday, December 11, 1985 halt to nuclear testing. In 1963, the Limited the others didn't know. Test Ban Treaty, which prohibits nuclear Why a test ban? A warhead testing mora­ Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, Tommy tests in the atmosphere, outer space, and torium such as the Soviets have enacted Winebrenner has drawn so much praise underwater, was signed by President Ken­ represents a significant step toward a com­ prehensive test ban and stopping the arms and accolades in the past few days from nedy and Premier Krushchev and ratified both sides of the aisle until I am not cer­ race. by the Senate. In 1968, the Nuclear Non­ There is no truth to the Reagan adminis­ tain what more can be said. But when it all Proliferation Treaty was signed and rati­ tration assertion that the Soviets have "ac­ has been said, I feel that the summary fied. The United States and the U.S.S.R. celerated their testing in recent months, must include words like dedication, intelli­ completed negotiations on the Threshold putting them in a position not to need fur­ gence, competence, loyalty, and honesty. Test Ban Treaty in 197 4, and on the Peace­ ther testing this year." The truth of the matter is that Tommy pos­ ful Nuclear Explosions Treaty in 1976. This year the Soviets conducted seven sesses all these good traits and more. These two treaties prohibit all nuclear tests tests; the United States nine. This a lower When I came to this body back in Janu­ with yields in excess of 150 kilotons, and rate of testing by the Soviet Union than in ary 1971, Tommy was already a fixture. In recent years, hardly a spurt in testing. The include important provisions for successful U.S. Department of Energy announced 10 fact, you sometimes felt that like the title monitoring and compliance verification. Soviet tests in the first seven months of of the late Secretary of State Dean Atche­ Unfortunately, these two treaties have not 1984. son 's book, he was "Present at the Begin­ been ratified, and CTB negotiations are on Since the beginning of the nuclear age in ning." hold. 1945, the United States has conducted 200 But regardless of when my colleagues­ Ratification of the Threshold Test Ban more tests than the Soviet Union <756 to Republican and Democrat-took the oath, and Peaceful Nuclear Explosions Treaty, 556> and technologically holds a firm lead in nuclear weapons development. everyone of them knows that Tommy Wine­ and the prompt successful conclusion of brenner is the definitive source of knowl­ The administration also asserts that the negotiations on the CTB would inevitably Soviet testing moratorium is no more than a edge about the House of Representatives facilitate the difficult job of arms reduc­ hollow propaganda ploy. This deludes the and its workings. tions to which the President and Secretary American public into thinking that the mor­ Of course, one of Tommy's greatest char­ General Gorbachev committed themselves, atorium was merely an offer, not the con­ acteristics is that he does not attempt to in­ at least in principle, at the Geneva summit. crete action that it is. gratiate himself. In short, he knows his A complete halt to nuclear testing would The quick U.S. dismissal of the merits of business, and in a thorough, concise way place considerable restraints on the devel­ the moratorium ignores the national securi­ ty aspects of a halt to testing. A warhead he provides advice and counsel without a opment of new and more deadly nuclear lot of extraneous verbiage. Members of the test ban would enhance security by stopping weapons systems by both countries. As much of the technology needed to develop House and their staffs totally trust Tommy, such, the CTB offers a strong foundation first-strike weapons. because they know that he does not cut for mutual and verifiable arms reductions. A comprehensive test ban would block corners, and he knows what he is talking The Reagan administration has deferred testing of warheads for MX, Pershing 2, about. As General Lee observed upon hear­ CTB negotiations, asserting that a morato­ cruise and Trident II missiles, all of which ing that his cavalry commander, Gen. Jeb rium on further testing would leave the are designed to increase our ability to strike Stuart, was seriously wounded, "he never United States in an inferior position to the first and fight a nuclear war. Equally significant, a comprehensive test brought me bad information." Soviet Union. Tom Gentry, an Akron resi­ It is for certain we will all miss Tommy ban would block tests of the nuclear explo­ dent and a constituent of mine, put the ad­ sions designed to power the x-ray laser on Winebrenner. He came here as a page ministration's assertions in perspective in a "star wars" battle stations, part of a first­ during the Eisenhower administration, and December 4 letter printed in the Akron strike strategy to provide a shield against a he leaves as one of the most respected staff Beacon Journal. As Mr. Gentry notes, weakened Soviet second strike. officials in the history of Congress. His "since the beginning of the nuclear age in I wish the Beacon Journal would give this tenure is such that only a dozen sitting 1945, the United States has conducted 200 issue its consideration, present the facts to Members of the House were here when he the people in its area, and let us hear its edi­ more tests than the Soviet Union (756 to tional comments soon. I don't know why first came to work as a staff member. After 556) and technologically holds a firm lead seven Presidents and four Speakers of the President Reagan didn't make a test-ban in nuclear weapons development." Mr. agreement in Geneva. House, it is safe to say that Tommy has Gentry concludes that a test ban would be I hope people let our administration and been a vital part of the history of the legis­ "a significant step toward stopping the Congress know how they feel. It would be lative branch of government for the past 30 arms race." I agree with his sentiments, nice to end nuclear explosions in the United years. and am convinced that it is time we got on States and the Soviet Union. Tommy, we wish you well. We admire with the business of resuming CB negotia­ you, and we thank you for the long hours tions. and hard work that you put forth in our GENERAL DYNAMICS IS EM­ Mr. Gentry's letter is reprinted as fol­ BLEMATIC OF A LARGER behalf. You made us look good, but more lows: important, you made our country look PROBLEM CFrom the Akron Beacon Journal. Dec. 4, good. 1985] HON. JIM COURTER WE HAVE A TEST-BAN FOUNDATION OF NEW JERSEY THE NEED FOR A TEST BAN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TREATY It's possible that there never will be an­ other U.S. or U.S.S.R. nuclear explosion. I Tuesday, December 17, 1985 HON. JOHN F. SEIBERLING wonder how many people know that on Aug. Mr. COURTER. Mr. Speaker, As the fol­ 6, 1985, the Soviet Union began an uncondi­ lowing editorial from the Newark Star­ OF OHIO tional five-month halt to the testing of nu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Ledger declares, General Dynamics has had clear warheads. more than its share of criticism recently, as Tuesday, December 17, 1985 The moratorium would be extended if the United States joins in and could result in a a result of the DIV AD cancellation, the nu­ Mr. SEIBERLING. Mr. Speaker, as a co­ comprehensive test-ban treaty a significant clear submarine programs, and the indict­ sponsor of House Joint Resolution 3, I step toward stopping the arms race. ments of present and former officials. But 37518 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 17, 1985 perhaps the most enduring lesson from the The alleged crime is said to have involved I agree with my colleagues who predict that General Dynamics affair is that America mischarges of $7.5 million, losses diverted to the defeat of this bill will dash all prospects needs a broader, more capable defense in­ other government contracts. As a result, the government reports that it suffered a net for tax reform in 1986 and in the foreseea­ dustrial base. Otherwise, all the threats of ble future. contract denial and other penalties will loss of $3.2 million. Mr. Beggs had been cor­ porate executive vice president of General Two of the principal industries in my ring hollow, because the Government will Dynamics until he left that post on July 10, northern Michigan district are forest prod­ have nowhere else to turn for important 1981, to take over the top Job at the federal ucts and mining. The treatment of these in­ major weapons systems. In the case of Gen­ space agency. dustries in the Ways and Means bill is un­ eral Dynamics, they are our sole supplier Mr. Beggs has wisely decided to take a necessarily punitive. Natural resource and for ballistic missile submarines and main leave of absence from his command post at basic manufacturing activities, which are battle tanks, and one of only two suppliers the space agency, pending disposition of the the foundation from which all goods are for nuclear attack submarines. It is simply charges against him. And General Dynam­ produced and national wealth is created, not credible for the Navy or the Defense ics, for the second time this year, has been involve highly risky and enormously costly Department as a whole to threaten pena­ barred from receiving government con­ tracts. This time the suspension applies not capital investment. This investment has lites for misconduct under defense con­ only to defense work, but all government tracts when there is nowhere else to turn. been encouraged by income tax incentives. orders. How long the punishment will last, Loss of these incentives portends serious This situation needs to be corrected, in the however, is anyone's guess, given the histor­ interest of peacetime efficiency and war­ ic chumminess between the military suppli­ consequences for the industries and the time effectiveness. er and the military. communities that rely on their economic The editorial follows: Other investigations are continuing health. Basic industries and their employ­ CThe Newark Star-Ledger, Dec. 10, against General Dynamics, whose executive ees that are already suffering because of 1985] vice president, George Sawyer, was indicted unfair trade practices by foreign competi­ Oct. 31 on a charge of lying to the govern­ tors will have to absorb a tax burden shift­ DIVAD AND GOLIATH ment about his job-hunting trips while serv­ General Dynamics, the nation's No. 3 de­ ed from service and low capital intensive ing as assistant Navy secretary. industries that are prospering. fense contractor, has not been on the best General Dynamics, the recipient of some of terms with the Pentagon in recent times. $6 billion in military contracts, seems to be Individual taxpayers fare extremely well False claims on expense vouchers submit­ no better at managing its internal affairs in this bill. The American taxpayer will ted to the Navy got the corporation in trou­ than it was at turning out a working anti­ find his or her income taxes reduced by an ble last summer. The disagreeable matter aircraft weapon. Little wonder the public average 9 percent over current law. The was settled in August with a $111 million suspects that it could be getting much more personal exemption allowed for each de­ package of renegotiated overhead expenses for its defense dollars if the Pentagon did a and $658 million in contracts for a new Tri­ pendent will be raised from $1,080 to $2,000 better job monitoring its favorite contrac­ for nonitemizers and to $1,500 for those dent submarine and other military goodies. tors. The reconciliation with the Navy, howev­ who file the long form. Lower tax rates will er, was short-lived. That same month, De­ result in more after tax dollars for Ameri­ fense Secretary Caspar Weinberger called a TAX BILL can workers. These are certainly changes halt to further work by General Dynamics for the better. on the Sgt. York anti-aircraft gun-also known as DIV AD, for Division Air Defense. HON. ROBERT W. DAVIS Mr. Speaker, I am relying on the Senate DIVAD was-and continues to be-a major OF MICHIGAN to take a more informed and realistic look embarrassment for Pentagon brass, a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES at the effect loss of capital incentives will project on which $1.8 billion had already have on basic industries and American been spent. Despite the huge expenditure, Tuesday, December 17, 1985 jobs. I also am hopeful that the other body one major flaw persisted: The weapon did Mr. DA VIS. Mr. Speaker, ·my vote today will allow the full $2,000 personal exemp­ not work. in favor of the Ways and Means tax bill is tion for all taxpayers. I must count on the Now an equally embarrassing sequel to reluctant and conditional. other body so that the effort for true tax the DIVAD fiasco is being written. James Beggs, administrator of the National Aero­ I labored over my decision on how to reform may continue. nautics and Space Administration, has been vote on this legislation. I remain committed This bill is neither simple nor fair, but it indicted with three others on charges of to the ideals of true tax reform which re­ is a vehicle for further consideration. How­ hiding overrun losses on the Sgt. York when sults in simplicity, fairness, and growth. ever, if the conference report is not a con­ they held executive posts at General Dy­ This bill does not embody these ideals. It siderable improvement over the bill we namics between 1978 and Aug. 31, 1981. does, however, allow the effort to continue. passed today, I will withdraw my support.