Seward Highway Rabbit Creek Road to 36Th Avenue, Environmental
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New Seward Highway Rabbit Creek Road to 36th Avenue Environmental Assessment Volume I Project Number: FRAF-CA-MGS-NH-0A3-1(27)/52503 U.S. Department of Transportation, Alaska Division of the Federal Highway Administration, and the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities July 2006 ANC/TP5047.DOC/050810013 New Seward Highway Rabbit Creek Road to 36th Avenue New Seward Highway, Municipality of Anchorage, Alaska Final Environmental Assessment Submitted Pursuant to 42 USC 4332 (2) (c) (and where applicable, 49 USC 303) by the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, and State of Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities ______________ ____________________________________________ Date of Approval Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (DOT&PF) ______________ ____________________________________________ Date of Approval Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) The following persons may be contacted for additional information concerning this document: Edrie Vinson, Environmental Project Jerry Ruehle, Central Region Manager, FHWA, Alaska Division Office, Environmental Coordinator, DOT&PF, P.O. Box 21648, Juneau, Alaska 4111 Aviation Drive, Anchorage, Alaska 99802-1648; (907-586-7464) 99519; (907-269-0534) The project proposes road improvements to New Seward Highway from Rabbit Creek Road to 36th Avenue. Two alternatives are being carried forward in the Environmental Assessment; one Build Alternative and a No-Build Alternative. The build alternative expands the existing divided four-lane to six lanes from O’Malley Road to 36th Avenue, provides pedestrian amenities, fencing and illumination full length of the corridor, noise barriers as warranted, and grade separations at 92nd, 76th, and 68th Avenues and International Airport Road. This project is part of the State Transportation Improvement Program. The total cost to construct the project is expected to be approximately $125 million. Comments on this EA are due by (________) and should be sent to Edrie Vinson, Environmental Project Manager, Federal Highway Administration, Alaska Division Office, P.O. Box 21648, Juneau, Alaska 99802-1648. ANC/TP5080.DOC/052340015 Contents Section Page Abbreviations................................................................................................................................... ix Executive Summary.................................................................................................................... ES-1 Purpose and Need..............................................................................................................ES-1 Proposed Action and Alternatives Considered .............................................................ES-1 Other Major Actions Proposed in the Area....................................................................ES-5 Impacts and Mitigation .....................................................................................................ES-5 Areas of Controversy or Unresolved Issues.................................................................ES-10 Other Federal Actions Required ....................................................................................ES-10 1 Purpose of and Need for Action....................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Corridor History ........................................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Purpose of the Action................................................................................................ 1-2 1.3 Need for the Action ................................................................................................... 1-5 1.3.1 Increase Corridor Capacity to Accommodate Past Growth and Future Demand............................................................................................. 1-5 1.3.2 Improve System Connectivity and Linkage of Existing Roadways ...... 1-9 1.3.3 Enhance Intermodal Transportation.......................................................... 1-9 1.3.4 Upgrade Design Features to Meet Industry Standards and Improve Safety ............................................................................................................ 1-10 2 Alternatives .......................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Alternatives Development ....................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Alternatives Development Overview...................................................... 2-1 2.1.2 Major Investment Study Alternatives Development............................. 2-2 2.1.3 Preliminary Engineering Alternatives Development............................ 2-2 2.2 Detailed Description of Alternatives Considered and Advanced...................... 2-3 2.2.1 Design Criteria Applied to the Build Alternative .................................. 2-3 2.2.2 No-Build Alternative.................................................................................. 2-4 2.2.3 Proposed Build Alternative – Freeway Expansion with New Grade Separations and Improvements to Existing Interchanges.................... 2-4 2.3 Comparison of Alternatives with Purpose and Need .......................................... 2-8 2.4 Alternatives Considered but Not Advanced ......................................................... 2-8 2.4.1 High-Occupancy Vehicle Lane ................................................................. 2-8 2.4.2 Transportation System Management and Travel Demand Management............................................................................. 2-10 2.4.3 Roadway Improvements ......................................................................... 2-11 3 Affected Environment........................................................................................................ 3-1 3.1 Overview of the Municipality of Anchorage and Study Area ............................ 3-1 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, NEW SEWARD HIGHWAY, RABBIT CREEK ROAD TO 36TH AVENUE PAGE III ANC/TP5047.DOC/050810013 CONTENTS Section Page 3.1.1 The Municipality of Anchorage ................................................................3-1 3.1.2 New Seward Highway Study Area ..........................................................3-2 3.2 Water Quality .............................................................................................................3-2 3.2.1 South Fork of Little Campbell Creek........................................................3-5 3.2.2 North Fork of Little Campbell Creek .......................................................3-6 3.2.3 Campbell Creek.........................................................................................3-12 3.2.4 Fish Creek...................................................................................................3-13 3.2.5 Highway Drainage....................................................................................3-14 3.2.6 Summary ....................................................................................................3-15 3.3 Wetlands....................................................................................................................3-15 3.3.1 Management Designations ......................................................................3-16 3.3.2 Study Area Wetland Types and Functions............................................3-19 3.4 Water Body Modifications ......................................................................................3-20 3.4.1 Furrow Creek.............................................................................................3-21 3.4.2 South Fork of Little Campbell Creek......................................................3-21 3.4.3 North Fork of Little Campbell Creek .....................................................3-21 3.4.4 Campbell Creek.........................................................................................3-21 3.4.5 Fish Creek...................................................................................................3-22 3.5 Fish and Wildlife ......................................................................................................3-22 3.5.1 Fish ..............................................................................................................3-22 3.5.2 Essential Fish Habitat ...............................................................................3-24 3.5.3 Wildlife .......................................................................................................3-24 3.6 Floodplains................................................................................................................3-25 3.6.1 South Fork of Little Campbell Creek......................................................3-26 3.6.2 North Fork of Little Campbell Creek .....................................................3-26 3.6.3 Campbell Creek.........................................................................................3-26 3.6.4 Fish Creek...................................................................................................3-31 3.7 Coastal Zone .............................................................................................................3-31 3.7.1 Federal Consistency..................................................................................3-39 3.8 Air Quality ................................................................................................................3-39