DOCSLIB.ORG

S. Doc. 109-19, a Botanic Garden for the Nation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
S. Doc. 109-19, a Botanic Garden for the Nation A Botanic Garden for theNation: The United States Botanic Garden ABotanic Garden his beautifully illustrated book presents the first comprehensive look at the U.S. T Botanic Garden in Washington,D.C. Conceived by the nation’s founders as a resource for the Nation for collecting and studying plants, the U.S. Botanic Garden is closely linked to the history and The United States Botanic Garden development of the capital city. Through historical documents and colorful photos, A Botanic Garden for the Nation tells an important story about this special place. The story begins in 1796 with the support of George Washington,who believed a Botanic Garden would be a significant addition to the capital. Along with other early leaders, including Thomas Jefferson and James Monroe, Washington understood the value of plants for the health and economic well-being of the nation, a message that still resonates today. Though it took time to achieve Washington’s vision, the U.S. Botanic Garden now occupies a prominent location in the heart of the city, where it continues to highlight the critical role of plants in human survival. Located on the Capitol grounds at the east end of the National Mall, the Botanic Garden Conservatory is perfectly situated to reach out to the public. More than 750,000 visitors a year experience its exciting plant displays, innovative exhibits, and special programs. Through sumptuous photographs, A Botanic Garden for the Nation offers a tour of the Conservatory, starting with the formal Garden Court, with its fountains and special flower collections, and continuing through every plant environment, including the lush Jungle, colorful Orchid House, and spare World Deserts. The engaging text explores ecosystems and reveals details about interesting plants and plant collections. “Windows on the Mall,”a chapter written by William C. Allen, architectural historian for the Architect of the Capitol, focuses on the history and design of the Conservatory building, whose ( CONTINUED ON BACK FLAP) ( CONTINUED FROM FRONT FLAP) distinctive glass dome makes it a jewel on the National Mall. Newly discovered period photos show the Conservatory in its various incarnations, from the 1860s greenhouse in the shadow of the new Capitol dome, to the Palm House that drew visitors throughout the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The chapter ends with views of the renovation that resulted in the reopening of the state-of-the-art Conservatory in 2001. From the Garden Primeval to the new National Garden, the U.S. Botanic Garden is a living museum that showcases the beauty and benefits of plants. A Botanic Garden for the Nation celebrates the history and the horti- cultural heritage of this vital institution. Anne-Catherine Fallen is a writer and photographer living in Arlington, Virginia. She has written for books, publications, and museum exhibitions on such diverse topics as Gothic architecture, the Everglades ecosystem, and satellite imagery. Her artist book The Lively Dance is in the collections of museums and art libraries throughout the U.S. and Europe. As a landscape photographer and gardener, Ms. Fallen has been inspired for many years by the plant collections of the U.S. Botanic Garden. William C. Allen has been the architectural historian in the office of the Architect of the Capitol since 1982. His book History of the United States Capitol: A chronicle of design, construction, and politics is the definitive work on this iconic building. In addition to his research and writing, Mr. Allen supports preservation and restoration projects undertaken by the Architect’s office. Karen D. Solit was the botanist for the U.S. Botanic Garden when she undertook research ISBN 0-16-076772-5 that led to the publication of History of the 9 0 0 0 0 Botanic Garden, 1816–1991. Since then she has been a garden writer and the owner of a landscape contracting company. Ms. Solit is currently writing fiction. 9 780160 767722 To collect, cultivate, and distribute. ABotanic Garden for the Nation The United States Botanic Garden By Anne-Catherine Fallen Contributors: William C. Allen Architectural Historian, Architect of the Capitol Karen D. Solit Author, History of the United States Botanic Garden, 1816–1991 The staff and gardeners of the United States Botanic Garden Project Coordinator: Holly H. Shimizu, Executive Director 4 109th Congress, 2nd Session S. Con Res. 108 A Botanic Garden for the Nation Senate Document 109-19 (front cover) United States Botanic Garden The Capitol dome above the 100 Maryland Avenue SW,Washington,D.C. 20001 www.usbg.gov glass roof of the U.S. Botanic Garden Conservatory. Book Design by Kevin Osborn, Research & Design, Ltd., Arlington, Virginia (back cover) 2006 Garden Court (inset) Principal photography © Anne-Catherine Fallen. All rights reserved. and leaves in the Jungle. Copyright claimed for photos on the following pages: Cover, p. 1,pp.2–3,p.5,p.6,p.9,p.10,p.12,p.19,p.23,pp.24–25, p. 25 (top), p. 26 (right), p. 27,p.40,p.41,p.42 (left and right), p. 43 (top right), p. 44,p.45 (top right), p. 46 (all), p. 47, (page 1) p. 48 (top and bottom), p. 49 (top right), p. 50,p.74,p.75,p.76,p.77,p.78 (all), p. 79,pp.80–81 (all), p. 82 (all), p. 83,p.84, Orchid p. 85,p.86,p.87,pp.88–89 (all), pp. 90–91 (all), p. 92,p.93 (all), p. 94 (all), p. 95,pp.96–97 (all), p. 98,p.99 (top and bottom), (Vanda Hilo Princess ‘Alice’). p. 100,p.101 (top and bottom), p. 102 (left and right), p. 103,pp.104–105 (all), p. 106,p.107,p.108 (all), p. 109,pp.110–111 (all), p. 112,p.113,pp.114–115 (all), p. 116 (all), p. 117,pp.118–119 (all), p. 120,p.121,pp.122–123 (all), pp. 124–125 (all), p. 126,p.127 (top), (pages 2–3) p. 128 (all), p. 129,pp.130–131 (all), pp. 132–133 (all), p. 134,p.135,p.136 (all), p. 137,pp.138–139 (all), p. 140 (top and bottom), Mt. Lewis King Palm p. 141 (left and right), p. 142 (left and right), p. 143,p.144,p.145 (top and bottom), p. 146,pp.148–149 (all), p. 150 (all), (Archontophoenix purpurea). p. 151,p.152,p.153 (all), p. 154 (all), p. 155,pp.156–157 (all), p. 158,p.161,p.162,p.163,p.166,p.179,p.180, back cover. (page 5) Photographs from all other sources are credited in their captions. Garden Court. Acknowledgments (page 6) The expertise and enthusiasm of the staff and gardeners at the U.S. Botanic Garden helped bring this book into bloom. Banana leaves in the Special thanks to Holly Shimizu, Executive Director, for her guidance and encouragement. Garden Court. A number of other professionals gave advice and assistance, greatly enriching this book: John Blanpied, Blanpied Editorial Services; David Burgevin, Smithsonian Office of Imaging and Photographic (page 9) Services; Susan Fels, Special Order Indexes; Wayne Firth, Photography Branch, Architect of the Capitol; Orchid Richard Hunt, Director, Center for Legislative Archives, National Archives; Mary Ison, Library of Congress ( ). Anguloa virginalis Prints and Photographs; John Kress, Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History; Dan H. Nicolson, Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History; Leslie Overstreet, Smithsonian Institution Libraries; (page 10) Orchid Eric Paff, Office of the Curator, Architect of the Capitol; Tracy Elizabeth Robinson, Smithsonian Institution Archives; Amy Williams, Library of Congress Photoduplication; Barbara Wolanin, Curator, Architect of the Capitol. (Sophrolaeliocattleya Pumpkin Festival ‘Fong Yuen’). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Fallen, Anne-Catherine. A botanic garden for the nation : the United States Botanic Garden / by Anne-Catherine Fallen; contributors, William C. Allen, Karen D. Solit [and] the staff and gardeners of the United States Botanic Garden; project coordinator, Holly Shimizu. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-16-076772-5 1. United States Botanic Garden—History. 2. United States Botanic Garden—Pictorial works. i. Allen, William C. (William Charles), 1950- ii. Solit, Karen, 1950- iii. Shimizu, Holly H. iv. Title. QK73.U62U553 2007 580.74753—dc22 2006041273 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512-1800; DC area (202) 512-1800 Fax: (202) 512-2250 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington,DC 20402-0001 Printed in the United States of America 7 Contents A Message from the Joint Committee on the Library . 8 A Message from the Architect of the Capitol . .11 The United States Botanic Garden: Establishing a Plant Collection . 13 The U.S. Botanic Garden Today . 41 Plant Collections . 42 Conservation and CITES . 43 Production Facility . 45 The U.S. Botanic Garden and the Smithsonian . .48 The U.S. National Herbarium . 49 Windows on the Mall: An Architectural History of the U.S. Botanic Garden . 51 The Conservatory . 75 Garden Court . 77 Jungle . 85 Rare and Endangered Species . 99 West Courtyard: Southern Exposure . 101 Plant Exploration . 107 Orchid House . 113 Medicinal Plants . 121 World Deserts . 127 Garden Primeval . 135 Southeast Corner House . 140 Plant Adaptations . 141 East Courtyard: Children’s Garden . 142 East and West Galleries . 145 Bartholdi Park . 147 The National Garden . 161 Appendix A: How to Read a Plant Label . 163 Appendix B: Maps of the U.S. Botanic Garden Conservatory and Bartholdi Park . 164 Appendix C: Leadership of the U.S. Botanic Garden . ..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Leaf Spot on Clerodendrum X Speciosus in Brazil Caused by Pseudocercospora Clerodendricola Sp
    Tropical Plant Pathology, vol. 35, 3, 170-173 (2010) Copyright by the Brazilian Phytopathological Society. Printed in Brazil www.sbfito.com.br SHORT COMMUNICATION / COMUNICAÇÃO Leaf spot on Clerodendrum x speciosus in Brazil caused by Pseudocercospora clerodendricola sp. nov. Diogo Brito de Almeida, Davi Mesquita de Macedo & Robert W. Barreto Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil Author for correspondence: Robert W. Barreto, e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Pseudocercospora clerodendricola sp. nov. is described herein. ������������������������������������������The fungus was found causing leaf spots in Clerodendrum x speciosum (bleeding heart) and its pathogenicity was demonstrated. Inoculation with culture discs placed on healthy leaves resulted in typical leaf spots appearing 30 days after inoculation. Keywords: Cercosporoids, Mycosphaerellaceae, ornamental plant, plant pathology, taxonomy, Verbenaceae. RESUMO Mancha foliar em Clerodendrum x speciosus no Brasil causada por Pseudocercospora clerodendricola sp. nov. Uma nova espécie de fungo, Pseudocercospora clerodendricola é descrita em associação com Clerodendrum x speciosum (coração sangrento). Ela teve sua patogenicidade demonstrada pela inoculação de folhas sadias com discos de micélio. Manchas foliares equivalentes às observadas no campo foram produzidas 30 dias após a inoculação das plantas com discos de cultura. Keywords: Cercosporoids, Mycosphaerellaceae, ornamental plant, plant pathology, taxonomy, Verbenaceae. Studies on fungal pathogens of ornamental plants of that disease on Clerodendrum in Brazil or elsewhere. A in Brazil have yielded numerous new disease records for study was then undertaken to clarify the etiology of this Brazil (e.g.: Silva et al, 2006; Pereira et al. 2006; Ribeiro disease. et al. 2006; Macedo & Barreto, 2008; Soares et al., 2009) Specimens were collected, immediately brought to and also novel fungal species such as Cordana versicolor the lab and examined while still fresh.
    [Show full text]
  • The Wound Healing Potential of Aspilia Africana (Pers.) CD Adams
    Hindawi Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2019, Article ID 7957860, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7957860 Review Article The Wound Healing Potential of Aspilia africana (Pers.) C. D. Adams (Asteraceae) Richard Komakech,1,2,3 Motlalepula Gilbert Matsabisa,4 and Youngmin Kang 1,2 University of Science & Technology (UST), Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM) Campus, Korean Medicine Life Science Major, Daejeon , Republic of Korea Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do , Republic of Korea Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Institute (NCRI), Ministry of Health, P.O. Box , Kampala, Uganda University of the Free State, Nelson Mandela Drive, Bloemfontein , South Africa Correspondence should be addressed to Youngmin Kang; [email protected] Received 20 August 2018; Accepted 23 December 2018; Published 21 January 2019 Guest Editor: Abidemi J. Akindele Copyright © 2019 Richard Komakech et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Wounds remain one of the major causes of death worldwide. Over the years medicinal plants and natural compounds have played an integral role in wound treatment. Aspilia africana (Pers.) C. D. Adams which is classifed among substances with low toxicity has been used for generations in African traditional medicine to treat wounds, including stopping bleeding even from severed arteries. Tis review examined the potential of the extracts and phytochemicals from A. africana, a common herbaceous fowering plant which is native to Africa in wound healing.
    [Show full text]
  • Nitrogen Containing Volatile Organic Compounds
    DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit Nitrogen containing Volatile Organic Compounds Verfasserin Olena Bigler angestrebter akademischer Grad Magistra der Pharmazie (Mag.pharm.) Wien, 2012 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 996 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Pharmazie Betreuer: Univ. Prof. Mag. Dr. Gerhard Buchbauer Danksagung Vor allem lieben herzlichen Dank an meinen gütigen, optimistischen, nicht-aus-der-Ruhe-zu-bringenden Betreuer Herrn Univ. Prof. Mag. Dr. Gerhard Buchbauer ohne dessen freundlichen, fundierten Hinweisen und Ratschlägen diese Arbeit wohl niemals in der vorliegenden Form zustande gekommen wäre. Nochmals Danke, Danke, Danke. Weiteres danke ich meinen Eltern, die sich alles vom Munde abgespart haben, um mir dieses Studium der Pharmazie erst zu ermöglichen, und deren unerschütterlicher Glaube an die Fähigkeiten ihrer Tochter, mich auch dann weitermachen ließ, wenn ich mal alles hinschmeissen wollte. Auch meiner Schwester Ira gebührt Dank, auch sie war mir immer eine Stütze und Hilfe, und immer war sie da, für einen guten Rat und ein offenes Ohr. Dank auch an meinen Sohn Igor, der mit viel Verständnis akzeptierte, dass in dieser Zeit meine Prioritäten an meiner Diplomarbeit waren, und mein Zeitbudget auch für ihn eingeschränkt war. Schliesslich last, but not least - Dank auch an meinen Mann Joseph, der mich auch dann ertragen hat, wenn ich eigentlich unerträglich war. 2 Abstract This review presents a general analysis of the scienthr information about nitrogen containing volatile organic compounds (N-VOC’s) in plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Well-Known Plants in Each Angiosperm Order
    Well-known plants in each angiosperm order This list is generally from least evolved (most ancient) to most evolved (most modern). (I’m not sure if this applies for Eudicots; I’m listing them in the same order as APG II.) The first few plants are mostly primitive pond and aquarium plants. Next is Illicium (anise tree) from Austrobaileyales, then the magnoliids (Canellales thru Piperales), then monocots (Acorales through Zingiberales), and finally eudicots (Buxales through Dipsacales). The plants before the eudicots in this list are considered basal angiosperms. This list focuses only on angiosperms and does not look at earlier plants such as mosses, ferns, and conifers. Basal angiosperms – mostly aquatic plants Unplaced in order, placed in Amborellaceae family • Amborella trichopoda – one of the most ancient flowering plants Unplaced in order, placed in Nymphaeaceae family • Water lily • Cabomba (fanwort) • Brasenia (watershield) Ceratophyllales • Hornwort Austrobaileyales • Illicium (anise tree, star anise) Basal angiosperms - magnoliids Canellales • Drimys (winter's bark) • Tasmanian pepper Laurales • Bay laurel • Cinnamon • Avocado • Sassafras • Camphor tree • Calycanthus (sweetshrub, spicebush) • Lindera (spicebush, Benjamin bush) Magnoliales • Custard-apple • Pawpaw • guanábana (soursop) • Sugar-apple or sweetsop • Cherimoya • Magnolia • Tuliptree • Michelia • Nutmeg • Clove Piperales • Black pepper • Kava • Lizard’s tail • Aristolochia (birthwort, pipevine, Dutchman's pipe) • Asarum (wild ginger) Basal angiosperms - monocots Acorales
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing Bird Species Richness Within Shade-Grown Coffee Farms in Chiapas, Mexico / Project ID: 0251711
    Assessing Bird Species Richness within Shade-Grown Coffee Farms in Chiapas, Mexico / Project ID: 0251711 Daniel Camilo Thompson Poo, Daniela Valle León, Alberto Martínez Fernández and Jennifer Siobhan Lowry San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, México. C.P. 29200 / [email protected] 10 July, 2012. Revised December 2014 Assessing Bird Species Richness within Shade-Grown Coffee Farms in Chiapas, Mexico / ID: 0251711 Overall Aim The goal of this project was to identify mechanisms and conservation strategies across agro-forestry systems in the El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve in Chiapas, Mexico. In particular we analyzed key biodiversity, economic, and social components that impact land-use change and ecosystem services in coffee production areas, focusing on how to improve sustainable production and conservation of nature. 2 Assessing Bird Species Richness within Shade-Grown Coffee Farms in Chiapas, Mexico / ID: 0251711 Section 1 Summary The agroforestry systems with coffee at the Sierra Madre of Chiapas, as a part of the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor region, are important for bird species. Agroforestry ecosystems also represent sustainable livelihoods for indigenous groups on the region. Sustainable coffee farming system represents a less human impact on the ecosystem. However, not all coffee producers on the region produce on the same way. Not all the inhabitants are aware of the importance of birds, as a part of the great natural capital of la Sierra Madre, but they either are prepared for the climate change risks and impacts. In this sense, this project seeks to understand, generate and communicate information useful for coffee farmers and their families. The goal is to understand social and economic factors to maintain and increase agroforestry systems with sustainable coffee.
    [Show full text]
  • UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN Office of Executive Director, 245 First Street SW., Washington, DC 20024 Phone, 202–226–8333
    LEGISLATIVE BRANCH 45 fire-protection systems in the Capitol and Capitol complex; renovation, restoration, congressional office buildings; removal and modification of the interiors and of architectural barriers throughout the exteriors of the Thomas Jefferson and Capitol complex; publication of a new John Adams Buildings of the Library of history of the Capitol, the first such work Congress and provision of off-site book in almost a century; installation of an storage facilities for the Library; and improved Senate subway system; work management oversight of the Thurgood on security improvements within the Marshall Federal Judiciary Building. For further information, contact the Office of the Architect of the Capitol, U.S. Capitol Building, Washington, DC 20515. Phone, 202–228–1793. Internet, www.aoc.gov. UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN Office of Executive Director, 245 First Street SW., Washington, DC 20024 Phone, 202–226–8333. Internet, www.usbg.gov. Conservatory, 100 Maryland Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20024 Phone, 202–225–8333 Production Facility, 4700 Shepherd Parkway SW., Washington, DC 20032 Phone, 202–563–2220 Director (Architect of the Capitol) ALAN M. HANTMAN, Acting Executive Director HOLLY H. SHIMIZU The United States Botanic Garden informs visitors about the aesthetic, cultural, economic, therapeutic, and ecological importance of plants to the well-being of humankind. The U.S. Botanic Garden has artistic an administration building, and an off- displays of plants, exhibits, and site Production facility. The Garden is educational programs promoting currently undergoing a significant botanical knowledge through the expansion and transformation. The cultivation of an ordered collection of Conservatory, one of the largest plants; fostering plant conservation by structures of its kind in this country, re- acting as a repository for endangered opened on December 11, 2001, after species; and growing plants for the undergoing major renovation that beautification of the Capitol complex.
    [Show full text]
  • 51St Annual Spring Plant Sale at the Arboretum’S Red Barn Farm
    51st Annual Spring Plant Sale at the Arboretum’s Red Barn Farm Saturday, May 11 and Sunday, May 12, 2019 General Information Table of Contents Saturday , May 11, 9 am to 4 pm Shade Perennials ………………… 2-6 Sunday, May 12, 9 am to 4 pm Ferns………………………………. 6 Sun Perennials……………………. 7-14 • The sale will be held at the Annuals…………………………… 15-17 Arboretum’s Red Barn Farm adjacent to the Annual Grasses……………………17 Tashjian Bee and Pollinator Discovery Center. Enter from 3-mile Drive or directly from 82nd Martagon Lilies…………………... 17-18 Street West. Paeonia (Peony)…………………... 18-19 • No entrance fee if you enter from 82nd Street. Roses………………………………. 20 • Come early for best selection. We do not hold Hosta………………………………. 21-24 back items or restock. Woodies: • Entrances will open at 7:30 if you wish to Vines……………………….. 24 arrive early. No pre-shopping on the sale Trees & Shrubs…………… 24-26 grounds Minnesota Natives………………… 26-27 • Our wagons are always in short supply. Please Ornamental Grasses……………… 27-28 bring carrying containers for your purchases: Herbs………………………………. 29-30 boxes, wagons, carts. Vegetables…………………………. 30-33 • There will be a pickup area where you can drive up to load your plants. • There will be golf carts and shuttles to drive you to and from your vehicle. • Food truck(s) will be on site. Payment • You can assist us in maximizing our The Minnesota Landscape Arboretum support of the MLA by using cash or checks. 3675 Arboretum Drive, Chaska, MN 55318 However, if you wish to use a credit card, we Telephone: 952-443-1400 accept Visa, MasterCard, Amex and Discover.
    [Show full text]
  • Things to Do on Capitol Hill
    Things to Do on Capitol Hill Supreme Court of the United States http://www.supremecourt.gov/visiting/visiting.aspx Hours: Monday – Friday 9:00 a.m. – 4:30 p.m. Address: 1 First St NE Washington, D.C. 20543 The Supreme Court Building was designed by Cass Gilbert and built from 1931 to 1935. The Court first sat in the building on Monday, October 7, 1935. The building, majestic in size and rich in ornamentation, serves as both home to the Court and the manifest symbol of its importance as a coequal, independent branch of government. Although the Supreme Court does not offer guided walking tours, visitors are encouraged to tour the building on their own and take advantage of a variety of educational programs including Courtroom Lectures, a visitors’ film, and court-related exhibitions. The Courtroom is located on the First Floor. Court sessions are open to the public on a first-come, first-served basis. The U.S. Capitol Visitor Center https://www.visitthecapitol.gov/ Hours: Monday – Saturday 8:30 a.m. – 4:30 p.m. Address: First St NE Washington, D.C. 20515 The United States Capitol in Washington, D.C., is a symbol of the American people and their government, the meeting place of the nation's legislature. The Capitol also houses an important collection of American art, and it is an architectural achievement in its own right. It is a working office building as well as a tourist attraction visited by millions every year. The Library of Congress https://loc.gov/visit/ Hours: Thomas Jefferson Building: Monday – Saturday 8:30 a.m.
    [Show full text]
  • Statue of LIBERTY HISTORICAL HANDBOOK NUMBER ELEVEN
    Statue of LIBERTY HISTORICAL HANDBOOK NUMBER ELEVEN This publication is one of a series of handbooks describing the his­ torical and archeological areas in the National Park System administered by the National Park Service of the United States Department of the Interior. It is printed by the Government Printing Office, and may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington 25, D. C. Price 30 cents Statue of Liberty NATIONAL MONUMENT Bedloe's Island, New York by Benjamin Levine and Isabelle F. Story NATIONAL PARK SERVICE HISTORICAL HANDBOOK SERIES NO. 11 Washington, D. C, 1952 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Oscar L. Chapman, Secretary NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Conrad L. Wirth, Director Contents Page AN IDEA IS BORN 2 PLAN APPROVED AND FUND RAISING UNDERTAKEN 5 De Laboulaye Heads Franco-American Union 5 The American Committee 6 Joseph Pulitzer - 7 CONSTRUCTION OF THE STATUE . 11 CONSTRUCTION OF THE PEDESTAL 13 COMPLETION AND PRESENTATION OF THE STATUE 17 TRANSPORTATION AND DEDICATION OF THE STATUE 20 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE STATUE SINCE 1886 21 The Lighting System 21 The Torch Redesigned 26 The Elevator 26 Structural Improvements 26 DIMENSIONS OF THE STATUE 27 BARTHOLDI THE MAN 28 FRENCH AID IN AMERICAN REVOLUTION BASIS OF LONG INTERNATIONAL FRIENDSHIP 29 EARLY HISTORY OF BEDLOE'S ISLAND 31 GUIDE TO THE STATUE 32 THE NATIONAL MONUMENT 36 HOW TO REACH THE MONUMENT 37 ADMINISTRATION 38 VISITOR FACILITIES 38 RELATED AREAS 39 HE STATUE OF LIBERTY ENLIGHTENING THE WORLD was Conceived and designed as a symbol of a great international friendship. With Tthe passing of the years its significance has deepened until today it is the most symbolic structure in the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Ex Situ Conservation of Amorphophallus Titanum in Bogor Botanic Gardens, Indonesia
    PROS SEM NAS MASY BIODIV INDON Volume 2, Nomor 2, Desember 2016 ISSN: 2407-8050 Halaman: 219-225 DOI: 10.13057/psnmbi/m020217 Ex situ conservation of Amorphophallus titanum in Bogor Botanic Gardens, Indonesia Konservasi ex situ Amorphophallus titanum di Kebun Raya Bogor, Indonesia DWI MURTI PUSPITANINGTYAS♥, SITI ROOSITA ARIATI Centre for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens (Bogor Botanic Gardens), Indonesian Institute of Sciences. Jl. Ir. H. Juanda No. 13 Bogor 16122, Jawa Barat. Tel./Fax. 0251-8322-187, ♥email: [email protected] Manuscript received: 3 November 2016. Revision accepted: 17 December 2016. Abstract. Puspitaningtyas DM, Ariati SR. 2016. Ex situ conservation of Amorphophallus titanum in Bogor Botanic Gardens, Indonesia. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 2: 219-225. Titan Arum (Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc.) merupakan tanaman asli dan endemik Sumatera. Tumbuhan ini pertama kali ditemukan pada tahun 1878 oleh ahli botani Florentine (Italia) yang bernama Odoardo Beccari. Perbungaannya yang berukuran raksasa dianggap menarik, sehingga Kebun Raya Bogor menjadikan tumbuhan ini sebagai jenis unggulan. Titan Arum secara alami tumbuh di hutan hujan atau perkebunan/pekarangan penduduk lokal. Di alam liar, habitat alami Titan Arum telah rusak akibat tekanan jumlah penduduk yang terus meningkat, atau banyak dibabat oleh penduduk karena dianggap sebagai gulma. Selain itu, degradasi hutan akibat pembalakan liar oleh penduduk juga menjadi ancaman lain bagi habitat tumbuhan tersebut. Kebun Raya Bogor telah memainkan peranan yang penting dalam konservasi A. titanum secara ex situ. Tumbuhan ini telah dikembangkan sejak tahun 1954 sebagai upaya konservasi ex situ. Kajian ini menampilkan data sekunder A. titanum yang berasal dari database koleksi tumbuhan Kebun Raya Bogor.
    [Show full text]
  • Mothers, Markets and Medicine Hanna Lindh
    Mothers, markets and medicine The role of traditional herbal medicine in primary women and child health care in the Dar es Salaam region, Tanzania Hanna Lindh Degree project in biology, Bachelor of science, 2015 Examensarbete i biologi 15 hp till kandidatexamen, 2015 Biology Education Centre, Uppsala University Supervisors: Sarina Veldman and Hugo de Boer 1 Abstract Traditional medicine is still the most common primary healthcare used in Tanzania, especially among women. The ethnobotanical studies performed in Tanzania have not explored women’s traditional medicine, with the result that we do not know that much about it, including if women’s usage of medicinal plants create a threat against the medicinal flora’s biodiversity or not. Field studies consisting of interviews and collections of medicinal plants were carried out in the Dar es Salaam region in Tanzania before identifying the collected specimens by DNA barcoding, literature and morphology in Uppsala, Sweden. The 33 informants belonged to 15 different ethnic groups and 79% of them had migrated to Dar es Salaam. A total of 249 plant species were mentioned for women’s healthcare and 140 for children’s healthcare. The medicinal plants frequently reported as used for women’s health and childcare during structured interviews and free-listing exercises were Senna occidentalis/ Cassia abbreviata, Zanthoxylum sp., Clausena anisata, Acalypha ornata and Ximenia sp. The most salient uses of medicinal plants by women were during pregnancy, childbirth, menstruation, to induce abortion, and for cleansing infants and treating convulsions in children. Most of the fresh specimens were collected from disturbance vegetation. The informants having most interview answers in common were the market vendors, healers and herbalists and they were the only informants that mentioned species listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
    [Show full text]
  • February 1993 Newsletter
    ■ —« \ V*. Odotitoglossum Alliance and popular pot plants. Earlier in this century a INTEBNATIONAL number of exciting hybrids were created with miltonopsis and other members of the ODONTOGLOSSUM odontoglossum alliance. Vuylstekeara Cambria, FORUIVI 1 4th registered in 1932, is a perfect example of this type of hybridizing. This lecture will explore the WORLD ORCHID beautiful and new miltonopsis hybrids being CONGRESS created today including new odontonias, vuylstekearas, miltonidiums, miltoniodas, colmanaras and burragearas. GLASGOW.SCOTLAND Dr. Howard Liebman has been raising orchids for over 30 years and has been growing and APRIL 30, 1993 hybridizing odontoglossums and miltonopsis hybrids for over 20 years. He has registered 150 The International Odontoglossum Alliance forum crosses in the odontoglossum and miltonopsis theme is "Enlarging the Growing of the alliance and over 30 of his crosses have received Odontoglossum Alliance". The program will awards from various orchid societies including offer four lectures, followed by a luncheon. the AOS and RHS. He has also presented papers There is an evening dinner planned with informal at two previous World Orchid Congresses. remarks by Allan Moon, curator of the Eric Professionally, Dr. Howard Liebman is a Young Orchid Foundation. physician-scientist and a professor of medicine Lectures and pathology at the University of Southern 0930 - 1230 California School of Medicine. He is the author 0930 Program Session Chairman: Mr. Michael of over 50 scientific papers on blood diseases and Tibbs aids. Michael Tibbs recently became owner of The 2. Survey of Odontoglossum Alliance Interest Exotic Plant Company Ltd. West Sussex. He has and Growing in Australia, by Philip Altmann experienced working in nurseries in Ardingly, With increasing interest among orchid growers in West Sussex, England, Japan and the Far East.
    [Show full text]