Articles Toward an Ecological Civilization: The Science, Ethics, and Politics of Eco-Poiesis* ARRAN GARE Arran Gare is associate professor (Reader) in Philosophy and Cultural In- quiry, Swinburne University, and founder of the Joseph Needham Centre for Complex Processes Research. He is the author of Postmodernism and the Environmental Crisis (London: Routledge, 1995) and Nihilism Inc.: Envi- ronmental Destruction and the Metaphysics of Sustainability (Sydney: Eco- Logical Press, 1996). He is a founding editor of the online journal Cosmos and History. E-mail: <
[email protected]>. ABSTRACT: Chinese environmentalists have called for an ecological civilization. To promote this, ecology is defended as the core science embodying process meta- physics, and it is argued that as such ecology can serve as the foundation of such a civilization. Integrating hierarchy theory and Peircian semiotics into this science, it is shown how “community” and “communities of communities,” in which com- munities are defined by their organization to promote the common good of their components, have to be recognized as central concepts not only of ecology, but of life itself. This perspective is used to defend Lovelock’s “Gaia” hypothesis and the call of Prugh, Costanza, and Daly for strong democracy. An ethics and political philosophy is sketched based on “eco-poiesis” or “home-making,” which is equated with augmenting the life of communities, both human and non-human. The Austro-French ecological Marxist, André Gorz, began the first chapter of his book Paths to Paradise by noting: Times of crisis are also times of great freedom. Our world is out of joint; societies are disintegrating, our lifelong hopes and values are crumbling.