DOCSLIB.ORG

The Human Biodiversity in the Middle of the Mediterranean Study of Native and Settlers Populations on the Sicilian Context

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Human Biodiversity in the Middle of the Mediterranean Study of Native and Settlers Populations on the Sicilian Context The Human Biodiversity in the Middle of the Mediterranean Study of native and settlers populations on the Sicilian context Gabriele Lauria Università degli Studi di Palermo – Universitat Politècnica de València PhD Thesis Supervisor Prof. Luca Sineo OCTOBER 2020 Biodiversità Mediterranea – Internazionale-Europeaus Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche BIO/08 Ciencia y Tecnología de la Producción Animal Departamento de Ciencia Animal The Human Biodiversity in the Middle of the Mediterranean Study of native and settlers populations on the Sicilian context PhD CANDIDATE PhD COORDINATOR GABRIELE LAURIA PROF. MARIA ANTONIETTA GERMANA’ SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR PROF. LUCA SINEO PROF. VICENTE ESTRUCH-FUSTER TUTOR PROF. MIGUEL JOVER-CERDA’ CICLO XXXII OCTOBER 2020 I This page was intentionally left blank II The Human Biodiversity in the Middle of the Mediterranean Study of native and settlers populations on the Sicilian context PhD Thesis Gabriele Lauria 0000-0002-0122-7093 Department of ‘’Scienze Alimentari Agrarie e Forestali’’ (SAAF) Department of ‘’Scienze Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche’’ (STEBICEF) University of Palermo (UNIPA) Department of ‘’Ciencia Animal’’ Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV) III Thesis submitted by Gabriele Lauria to get the Europeaus PhD in ‘’Mediterranean Biodiversity-International’’ (UNIPA) and the in PhD in ‘’Science and Technology of Animal Production’’ in Co-Tutorship with the (UPV) Supervisors Prof. Luca Sineo (UNIPA) Prof. Vicente Domingo Estruch-Fuster (UPV) Tutor Prof. Miguel Jover-Cerdá (UPV) PhD Coordinators Prof. Maria Antonietta Germana’ (UNIPA) Prof. Maria del Pilar Hernández-Pérez (UPV) Special Thanks to Dr. Emiliano Bruner (CENIEH) Prof. Armando González-Martin (UAM) Prof. Oscar Cambra-Moo (UAM) IV «'O brothers, who amid a hundred thousand «"O frati," dissi, "che per cento milia Perils,' I said, 'have come unto the West, perigli siete giunti a l'occidente, to this so inconsiderable vigil a questa tanto picciola vigilia Which is remaining of your senses still d'i nostri sensi ch'è del rimanente be ye unwilling to deny the knowledge, non vogliate negar l'esperïenza, Following the sun, of the unpeopled world. di retro al sol, del mondo sanza gente. Consider ye the seed from which ye sprang; Considerate la vostra semenza: Ye were not made to live like unto brutes, fatti non foste a viver come bruti, But for pursuit of virtue and of knowledge.» ma per seguir virtute e canoscenza".» Divine Comedy Divina Commedia Hell- canto 26° (vv 112-120) Inferno- canto 26° (vv. 112-120) “Dante Alighieri” “Dante Alighieri” Traslated by Henry Francis Cary - 1814 Virgilio (Virgil) shows Dante Alighieri the flames of the fraudulent advisers. Illustration by Paul Gustave Doré - 1861 V To my Family that always gives me the strength to never give up and for the indefatigable support. To my Friends who tolerate me every day. To all who suffer in these sad moments. VI This page was intentionally left blank VII Index Index .................................................................................................................................. 8 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................... 10 1.1 Human Biodiversity and the Sicilian Context ........................................................ 10 1.2 Aim of the Study ..................................................................................................... 13 1.3 Teeth – Genesis, Evolution and Structure ............................................................. 15 1.4 Odontology in Anthropological Studies ................................................................ 18 1.5 Cranium – Structure and Development ................................................................. 19 1.6 Craniofacial Sutures ............................................................................................... 24 1.7 Measurement of the Cranium – Craniometry ....................................................... 28 1.8 Photogrammetry – History and Basic concepts .................................................... 32 1.9 Geometric Morphometrics – Key concepts ........................................................... 38 1.10 Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Physical Anthropology ................................ 49 1.11 Stature and Secular Trend .................................................................................... 57 1.12 Biological Distance from Skeletal Remains ......................................................... 61 2. Materials and Methods ........................................................................................... 62 2.1 Materials ................................................................................................................. 62 2.1.1 Teeth 2D Measurements ................................................................................. 70 2.1.2 Craniofacial 3D Geometric Morphometrics ..................................................... 72 2.1.3 Secular Trend of Stature .................................................................................. 75 2.2 Methods .................................................................................................................. 77 2.2.1 Dental Metrics .................................................................................................. 78 2.2.2 Geometric Morphometrics .............................................................................. 81 2.2.3 Secular Trend ................................................................................................... 93 3. Results and Discussion ......................................................................................... 96 3.1 Dental Metrics ........................................................................................................ 96 3.1.1 Preliminary Studies .......................................................................................... 96 3.1.2 Recent Data ...................................................................................................... 99 3.1.3 PCA ................................................................................................................. 100 3.1.3 MANOVA/CVA and MDS ................................................................................ 109 3.1.3 Neighbour Joining .......................................................................................... 112 3.2 Geometric Morphometrics .................................................................................. 113 3.2.1 Craniofacial Geometric Morphometrics in Sicily ........................................... 114 8 3.2.2 PCA ................................................................................................................. 120 3.2.3 MANOVA/CVA ................................................................................................ 129 3.2.4 Neighbour Joining .......................................................................................... 131 3.2.5 Groups’ Geometric Morphometrics ............................................................... 132 3.2.6 Groups’ PCA ................................................................................................... 138 3.2.7 Group’s Neighbour Joining ............................................................................. 148 3.2.8 Comparison Sample ....................................................................................... 150 3.2.9 Precis .............................................................................................................. 155 3.3 Secular Trend ........................................................................................................ 160 3.3.1 Canonical Statistics ........................................................................................ 161 3.3.1 Multivatriate Statistics ................................................................................... 167 4. Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 170 Bibliography ................................................................................................................ 173 Appendix1 .................................................................................................................... 243 Appendix2 .................................................................................................................... 248 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................... 251 9 1. Introduction 1.1 Human Biodiversity and the Sicilian Context Humans are subjected to adaptations and evolutionary process ruled by the environment. During the last 200,000 years, human species has spread throughout Earth, adapting his morphology and physiology to a wide range of habitats (Kuzawa & Thayer 2011). The human skeleton is, therefore, a real "Biological Archive" on which are recorded several environmental effects (Mays 2010), consequently, skeletal findings assume huge importance on the investigation of the evolutionary processes. Nowadays, the study on human bones made possible to detect important data related to the "Human Biodiversity" evidently not limited to demographic and pathological studies (Ortner 2003 – Brickley & Ives 2010). Quantitative investigations of the main morphological features allow relating
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Phylogenetic Analysis of the Olenellina Walcott, 1890 (Trilobita, Cambrian) Bruce S
    2 j&o I J. Paleont., 75(1), 2001, pp. 96-115 Copyright © 2001, The Paleontological Society 0022-3360/01 /0075-96$03.00 PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE OLENELLINA WALCOTT, 1890 (TRILOBITA, CAMBRIAN) BRUCE S. LIEBERMAN Departments of Geology and Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lindley Hall, Lawrence 66045, <[email protected]> ABSTRACT—Phylogenetic analysis was used to evaluate evolutionary relationships within the Cambrian suborder Olenellina Walcott, 1890; special emphasis was placed on those taxa outside of the Olenelloidea. Fifty-seven exoskeletal characters were coded for 24 taxa within the Olenellina and two outgroups referable to the "fallotaspidoid" grade. The Olenelloidea, along with the genus Gabriellus Fritz, 1992, are the sister group of the Judomioidea Repina, 1979. The "Nevadioidea" Hupe, 1953 are a paraphyletic grade group. Four new genera are recognized, Plesionevadia, Cambroinyoella, Callavalonia, and Sdzuyomia, and three new species are described, Nevadia fritzi, Cirquella nelsoni, and Cambroinyoella wallacei. Phylogenetic parsimony analysis is also used to make predictions about the ancestral morphology of the Olenellina. This morphology most resembles the morphology found in Plesionevadia and Pseudoju- domia Egorova in Goryanskii and Egorova, 1964. INTRODUCTION group including the "fallotaspidoids" plus the Redlichiina, and HE ANALYSIS of evolutionary patterns during the Early Cam- potentially all other trilobites. Where the Agnostida fit within this T brian has relevance to paleontologists and evolutionary bi- evolutionary topology depends on whether or not one accepts the ologists for several reasons. Chief among these are expanding our arguments of either Fortey and Whittington (1989), Fortey (1990), knowledge of evolutionary mechanisms and topologies. Regard- and Fortey and Theron (1994) or Ramskold and Edgecombe ing evolutionary mechanisms, because the Cambrian radiation (1991).
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to the Trilobites: Morphology, Ecology, Macroevolution and More by Michelle M
    Introduction to the Trilobites: Morphology, Ecology, Macroevolution and More By Michelle M. Casey1, Perry Kennard2, and Bruce S. Lieberman1, 3 1Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, 2Earth Science Teacher, Southwest Middle School, USD497, and 3Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 Middle level laboratory exercise for Earth or General Science; supported provided by National Science Foundation (NSF) grants DEB-1256993 and EF-1206757. Learning Goals and Pedagogy This lab is designed for middle level General Science or Earth Science classes. The learning goals for this lab are the following: 1) to familiarize students with the anatomy and terminology relating to trilobites; 2) to give students experience identifying morphologic structures on real fossil specimens 3) to highlight major events or trends in the evolutionary history and ecology of the Trilobita; and 4) to expose students to the study of macroevolution in the fossil record using trilobites as a case study. Introduction to the Trilobites The Trilobites are an extinct subphylum of the Arthropoda (the most diverse phylum on earth with nearly a million species described). Arthropoda also contains all fossil and living crustaceans, spiders, and insects as well as several other extinct groups. The trilobites were an extremely important and diverse type of marine invertebrates that lived during the Paleozoic Era. They only lived in the oceans but occurred in all types of marine environments, and ranged in size from less than a centimeter to almost a meter across. They were once one of the most successful of all animal groups and in certain fossil deposits, especially in the Cambrian, Ordovician, and Devonian periods, they are extremely abundant.
    [Show full text]
  • Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
    SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 53, NUMBER 6 CAMBRIAN GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY No. 6.-0LENELLUS AND OTHER GENERA OF THE MESONACID/E With Twenty-Two Plates CHARLES D. WALCOTT (Publication 1934) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION AUGUST 12, 1910 Zl^i £orb (gaitimovt (pnee BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A. CAMBRIAN GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY No. 6.—OLENELLUS AND OTHER GENERA OF THE MESONACID^ By CHARLES D. WALCOTT (With Twenty-Two Plates) CONTENTS PAGE Introduction 233 Future work 234 Acknowledgments 234 Order Opisthoparia Beecher 235 Family Mesonacidas Walcott 236 Observations—Development 236 Cephalon 236 Eye 239 Facial sutures 242 Anterior glabellar lobe 242 Hypostoma 243 Thorax 244 Nevadia stage 244 Mesonacis stage 244 Elliptocephala stage 244 Holmia stage 244 Piedeumias stage 245 Olenellus stage 245 Peachella 245 Olenelloides ; 245 Pygidium 245 Delimitation of genera 246 Nevadia 246 Mesonacis 246 Elliptocephala 247 Callavia 247 Holmia 247 Wanneria 248 P.'edeumias 248 Olenellus 248 Peachella 248 Olenelloides 248 Development of Mesonacidas 249 Mesonacidas and Paradoxinas 250 Stratigraphic position of the genera and species 250 Abrupt appearance of the Mesonacidse 252 Geographic distribution 252 Transition from the Mesonacidse to the Paradoxinse 253 Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. 53, No. 6 232 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 53 Description of genera and species 256 Nevadia, new genus 256 weeksi, new species 257 Mcsonacis Walcott 261 niickwitzi (Schmidt) 262 torelli (Moberg) 264 vermontana
    [Show full text]
  • Capitolo Quarto Siti Outdoor
    Capitolo quarto Siti outdoor 4.1 La valle dei Templi di Agrigento Mai visto in tutta la mia vita uno splendore di primavera come stamattina al levar del sole...Dalla finestra vediamo il vasto e dolce pendio dell’antica città tutto a giardini e vigneti, sotto il folto verde s’indovina appena qualche traccia dei grandi e popolosi quartieri della città di un tempo. Soltanto all’estremità meri- dionale di questo pendio verdeggiante e fiorito s’alza il Tempio della Concordia, a oriente i pochi resti del Tempio di Giunone; ma dall’alto l’occhio non scorge le rovine di altri templi ... corre invece a sud verso il mare. (Johan Wolfgang von Goethe, Viaggio in Italia) Fig. 4.1 - Valle dei Templi di Agrigento. In aree sensibili, eccezionalmente dotate e quindi soggette a forte pressione turistica come la Valle dei Templi, parlare di valorizzazione e fruizione del paesaggio, qui inteso come sistema pluridimensionale, è frutto di un pro- cesso che unisce valutazioni di natura tecnica e altre di ordine culturale e sociale. Intervenire in maniera innovativa significa interferire sulle moda- lità con cui il paesaggio viene “visto” e “vissuto” dai visitatori. È necessario pertanto passare dal consumo alla “esplorazione guidata” delle risorse, cercando di salvaguardare e comunicare i valori del territo- 111 rio su cui si esplica e di soddisfare le aspettative di residenti e visitatori, senza abbassare il livello delle esperienze ad esso collegate1. Pertanto, il desiderio di conoscenza e di analisi del proprio patrimonio non riguarda soltanto l’aspetto socio-economico, ma mira anche a coinvolgere la sfera etico-culturale e sociologica.
    [Show full text]
  • New Information on Olenelline Trilobites from the Early Cambrian Sekwi Formation, Northwestern Canada
    KU ScholarWorks | http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu Please share your stories about how Open Access to this article benefits you. New information on olenelline trilobites from the Early Cambrian Sekwi Formation, Northwestern Canada by Bruce S. Lieberman 2010 This is the author’s accepted manuscript version of the article, made available with the permission of the publisher. The original published version can be found at the link below. Lieberman, Bruce S. 2010. “New information on olenelline trilobites from the Early Cambrian Sekwi Formation, northwestern Canada.” Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (47):1445-1449. Published version: http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/ abs/10.1139/E10-073#.U21JO4FdXUL Terms of Use: http://www2.ku.edu/~scholar/docs/license.shtml KU ScholarWorks is a service provided by the KU Libraries’ Office of Scholarly Communication & Copyright. For Review Purposes Only/Aux fins d'examen seulement 1 1 New information on olenelline trilobites from the Early Cambrian Sekwi Formation, 2 Northwestern Canada 3 4 Francine R. Abe 5 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, 1345 Jayhawk 6 Boulevard, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA, Tel: +1 (785) 864-3369, Fax: +1 (785) 864-5335 7 <[email protected]> 8 Bruce S. Lieberman 9 Department of Geology and Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center, 10 University of Kansas, 1475 Jayhawk Boulevard, 120 Lindley Hall, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, 11 USA, <[email protected]> 12 Michael C. Pope 13 Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, 14 USA, <[email protected]> 15 Kelly Dilliard 16 Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Wayne State College, 1111 Main Street, 17 Wayne, Nebraska 68787, USA, <[email protected]> 18 For Review Purposes Only/Aux fins d'examen seulement 2 19 Abstract 20 A new species of olenelline trilobite, Nevadella keelensis, is described from the lower Cambrian Sekwi 21 Formation, Mackenzie Mountains, Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Evaluation of the Stratigraphically Important Olenellid Trilobite Holmia Cf. Mobergi from the Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3
    NORWEGIAN JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY Vol 99 Nr. 1 https://dx.doi.org/10.17850/njg99-1-04 Re-evaluation of the stratigraphically important olenellid trilobite Holmia cf. mobergi from the Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3 and its implications for the lower Cambrian stratigraphy in the Mjøsa area, Norway Magne Høyberget1, Jan Ove R. Ebbestad2 & Bjørn Funke3 1Rennesveien 14, N–4513 Mandal, Norway. 2Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, SE–752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. 3Gjelleråsveien 10, N–1481 Hagan, Norway. E-mail corresponding author (Magne Høyberget): [email protected] The olenellid trilobite Holmia cf. mobergi, known from a single cephalon in the upper lower Cambrian strata from a river section in Flagstadelva, Hamar, has played a significant stratigraphic role in interpreting the lower Cambrian informal Series 2, Stage 3 in the Mjøsa area, Norway, since its discovery in the early 1950s. It was considered one of the oldest trilobite taxa in the lower Cambrian of Scandinavia, but the stratigraphic level and biozonation of the cephalon were problematic and a matter of discussion for decades. Moreover, organic-walled microfossil biostratigraphy questioned the supposed age of the trilobite. New specimens of this taxon collected from the type locality show that the species occurs at a different stratigraphic level than first reported, prompting a new description of the species and a re-evaluation of the taxon’s biostratigraphic significance. Holmia cf. mobergi is compared with new and well-preserved topotype material of Holmia inusitata, a very rare taxon hitherto known from one single outcrop in an autochthonous setting in Norway. Holmia cf.
    [Show full text]
  • Th TRILO the Back to the Past Museum Guide to TRILO BITES
    With regard to human interest in fossils, trilobites may rank second only to dinosaurs. Having studied trilobites most of my life, the English version of The Back to the Past Museum Guide to TRILOBITES by Enrico Bonino and Carlo Kier is a pleasant treat. I am captivated by the abundant color images of more than 600 diverse species of trilobites, mostly from the authors’ own collections. Carlo Kier The Back to the Past Museum Guide to Specimens amply represent famous trilobite localities around the world and typify forms from most of the Enrico Bonino Enrico 250-million-year history of trilobites. Numerous specimens are masterpieces of modern professional preparation. Richard A. Robison Professor Emeritus University of Kansas TRILOBITES Enrico Bonino was born in the Province of Bergamo in 1966 and received his degree in Geology from the Depart- ment of Earth Sciences at the University of Genoa. He currently lives in Belgium where he works as a cartographer specialized in the use of satellite imaging and geographic information systems (GIS). His proficiency in the use of digital-image processing, a healthy dose of artistic talent, and a good knowledge of desktop publishing software have provided him with the skills he needed to create graphics, including dozens of posters and illustrations, for all of the displays at the Back to the Past Museum in Cancún. In addition to his passion for trilobites, Enrico is particularly inter- TRILOBITES ested in the life forms that developed during the Precambrian. Carlo Kier was born in Milan in 1961. He holds a degree in law and is currently the director of the Azul Hotel chain.
    [Show full text]
  • An Inventory of Trilobites from National Park Service Areas
    Sullivan, R.M. and Lucas, S.G., eds., 2016, Fossil Record 5. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 74. 179 AN INVENTORY OF TRILOBITES FROM NATIONAL PARK SERVICE AREAS MEGAN R. NORR¹, VINCENT L. SANTUCCI1 and JUSTIN S. TWEET2 1National Park Service. 1201 Eye Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20005; -email: [email protected]; 2Tweet Paleo-Consulting. 9149 79th St. S. Cottage Grove. MN 55016; Abstract—Trilobites represent an extinct group of Paleozoic marine invertebrate fossils that have great scientific interest and public appeal. Trilobites exhibit wide taxonomic diversity and are contained within nine orders of the Class Trilobita. A wealth of scientific literature exists regarding trilobites, their morphology, biostratigraphy, indicators of paleoenvironments, behavior, and other research themes. An inventory of National Park Service areas reveals that fossilized remains of trilobites are documented from within at least 33 NPS units, including Death Valley National Park, Grand Canyon National Park, Yellowstone National Park, and Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve. More than 120 trilobite hototype specimens are known from National Park Service areas. INTRODUCTION Of the 262 National Park Service areas identified with paleontological resources, 33 of those units have documented trilobite fossils (Fig. 1). More than 120 holotype specimens of trilobites have been found within National Park Service (NPS) units. Once thriving during the Paleozoic Era (between ~520 and 250 million years ago) and becoming extinct at the end of the Permian Period, trilobites were prone to fossilization due to their hard exoskeletons and the sedimentary marine environments they inhabited. While parks such as Death Valley National Park and Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve have reported a great abundance of fossilized trilobites, many other national parks also contain a diverse trilobite fauna.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to the Trilobites: Morphology, Macroevolution and More by Michelle M
    Introduction to the Trilobites: Morphology, Macroevolution and More By Michelle M. Casey1 and Bruce S. Lieberman1,2, 1Biodiversity Institute and 2Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 Undergraduate laboratory exercise for sophomore/junior level paleontology course Learning Goals and Pedagogy This lab is intended for an upper level paleontology course containing sophomores and juniors who have already taken historical geology or its equivalent; however it may be suitable for introductory biology or geology students familiar with geological time, phylogenies, and trace fossils. This lab will be particularly helpful to those institutions that lack a large teaching collection by providing color photographs of museum specimens. Students may find previous exposure to phylogenetic methods and terminology helpful in completing this laboratory exercise. The learning goals for this lab are the following: 1) to familiarize students with the anatomy and terminology relating to trilobites; 2) to give students experience identifying morphologic structures on real fossil specimens, not just diagrammatic representations; 3) to highlight major events or trends in the evolutionary history and ecology of Trilobita; and 4) to expose students to the study of macroevolution in the fossil record using trilobites as a case study. Introduction to the Trilobites The Trilobites are an extinct subphylum of the Arthropoda (the most diverse phylum on earth with nearly a million species described). Arthropoda also contains all fossil and living crustaceans, spiders, and insects as well as several other solely extinct groups. The trilobites were an extremely important and diverse type of marine invertebrates that lived during the Paleozoic Era. They were exclusively marine but occurred in all types of marine environments, and ranged in size from less than a centimeter to almost a meter.
    [Show full text]
  • Systematic Revision of the Trilobite Genera Laudonia and Lochmanolenellus (Olenelloidea) from the Lower Dyeran (Cambrian Series 2) of Western Laurentia
    Zootaxa 3824 (1): 001–066 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3824.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:023D78D0-4182-48D2-BAEB-CDA6473CF585 ZOOTAXA 3824 Systematic revision of the trilobite genera Laudonia and Lochmanolenellus (Olenelloidea) from the lower Dyeran (Cambrian Series 2) of western Laurentia MARK WEBSTER1 & LISA L. BOHACH2 1Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637. E-mail: [email protected] 2Stantec Consulting Ltd., 200, 1719-10th Ave SW, Calgary, AB T3C 0K1. E-mail: [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by J. Paterson: 3 Mar. 2014; published: 26 Jun. 2014 References Bergström, J. (1973) Organization, life, and systematics of trilobites. Fossils and Strata, 2, 1–69. Bohach, L.L. (1997) Systematics and biostratigraphy of Lower Cambrian trilobites of western Laurentia. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Victoria, 491 pp. Bordonaro, O.L. (1978) Sobre la presencia de la “Zona de Antagmus-Onchocephalus” del Cámbrico inferior en la quebrada de Zonda, Provincia de San Juan. Acta Geológica Lilloana, 14 (Supplement), 1–3. Cooper, G.A., Arellano, A.R.V., Johnson, J.H., Okulitch, V.J., Stoyanow, A. & Lochman, C. (1952) Cambrian stratigraphy and paleontology near Caborca, northwestern Sonora, Mexico. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 119 (1), 1–184. Deiss, C. (1939) Cambrian formations of southwestern Alberta and southeastern British Columbia. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 50, 951–1026. Emmons, E. (1844) The Taconic System; based on observations in New-York, Massachusetts, Maine, Vermont and Rhode- Island.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Cambrian Trilobite Faunas and Correlations, Labrador Group, Southern Labrador—Western Newfoundland
    EARLY CAMBRIAN TRILOBITE FAUNAS AND CORRELATIONS, LABRADOR GROUP, SOUTHERN LABRADOR—WESTERN NEWFOUNDLAND Douglas Boyce1, Ian Knight1, Christian Skovsted2 and Uwe Balthasar3 1 - GSNL; 2 - Swedish Museum of Natural History; 3 – University of Plymouth, England. Paleontological, lithological and mapping studies of mixed siliciclastic‒carbonate rocks of the Labrador Group have been ongoing, since 1976, by the GSNL. Recent systematic litho- and bio-stratigraphic studies with Drs. Skovsted and Balthasar focus on trilobite and small shelly fossils (SSF), mostly in the Forteau Formation. At least 34 co-eval sections have been measured, and 434 fossiliferous samples have been collected; publication of trilobite and SSF systematics is in preparation. Dyeran to Topazan biostratigraphy, southern Labrador and western Newfoundland. Early Cambrian and early Middle Cambrian global and Laurentian series and stages (Hollingsworth, 2011). Distribution of the Trilobite Faunas Early Cambrian trilobite faunas occur throughout the Forteau Formation and in the lowest strata of the overlying Hawke Bay Formation. They divide into two broad faunas – Olenelloidea, mostly occur in deep-water shale and mudrocks, and Corynexochida, are hosted in shallow-water limestone, including archeocyathid reefs. The Devils Cove member, basal Forteau Formation - a regionally widespread pink Bonnia sp. nov. Boyce: latex replica of limestone - hosts Calodiscus lobatus (Hall, 1847), Elliptocephala logani (Walcott, partial, highly ornamented, spinose 1910), and Labradoria misera (Billings, 1861a). Calodiscus lobatus and E. logani range cranidium, Route 432, Great Northern Zacanthopsis sp. A Boyce: latex replica of Peninsula (GNP); it also occurs in the Deer high in the formation regionally, but L. misera is restricted to the lower 20 m of the partial cranidium, Mackenzie Mill member, Arm limestone, Mackenzie Mill member, formation in Labrador (includes archeocyathid reefs).
    [Show full text]
  • Systematic Descriptions of the Class Trilobita
    W SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS OF THE CLASS TRILOBITA H. B. WHITTINGTON, W. T. CHANG, W. T. DEAN, R. A. FORTEY, P. A. JELL, J. R. LAURIE, A. R. PALMER, L. N. REPINA, A. W. A. RUSHTON, and J. H. SHERGOLD [Diagnoses of ordinal and higher taxa by R. A. FORTEY and H. B. WHITTINGTON; authorship of other diagnoses indicated within.] Class TRILOBITA Walch, 1771 cephalic. Lower Cambrian (Atdabanian)— [nom. correct. rxTrilobiten WALCH, 1771, p. 120] [This name, as Upper Permian. "Trilobiten,* was published by WALCH (1771, p. 120) in his volume III of KNORR and WALCH (1768-1774). WALCH'S work was rejected for nomen- datorial purposes by the International Commission on Zoological Nomen- Order AGNOSTIDA Salter, 1864 clature (Opinion 529, 1958). However, the Commission's remit extends only to the family-group level (Article 1 b(4), International Code of Zoologi- [nom. correct. SHERGOLD, LAURIE, & SUN, 1990, p. 32, pro Agnostini cal Nomenclature, 1985). hence the name, emended to "Trilobita," remains SALTER, 1864a, p. 2] [*Miomera JAEKEL, 1909, p. 394; Agnostida available. The designation of the genus Dalmanites BARRANDE as type KOBAYASHI, 1935, p. 81; see discussion in ROBISON Be CAMPBELL, 1974, p. (HENNINGSMOEN & MOORE in MOORE, 1959, p. 172) is invalid.] 281] Extinct marine arthropods, body divided Diminutive, isopygous, 2 or 3 fulcrate by furrows longitudinally into median (axial) thoracic segments. Cephalic shield with and lateral (pleural) regions, transversely into deeply parabolic outline and maximum cephalon of fused segments, thorax of articu- width (tr.) usually anterior to genal angle; lated segments, and pygidium of few to border convex; glabella commonly fusiform, many fused segments.
    [Show full text]