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A GALWAY 2020 COMMISSION

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TOUR MAP 3 CAST AND CREATIVES 4 ABOUT THE PLAYS 5 AUGUSTA GREGORY 8 MAGIC IN THE AIR 11 DRUID, TUAM, & ON THE OUTSIDE 14 THE NEW FACES 17 EDUCATION & COMMUNITY 19 PRODUCTION TEAM 20 CREATIVES BIOGRAPHIES 21 CAST BIOGRAPHIES 27 SUPPORTERS 41 DRUID STAFF 44 THANKS 46

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GLENAMADDY 30 SEPTEMBER ON THE OUTSIDE KYLEMORE ABBEY TUAM 2 – 3 OCTOBER 25 SEPTEMBER DRUIDGREGORY ON THE OUTSIDE

OUGHTERARD BALLYGLUNIN STATION 8 OCTOBER 4 OCTOBER CLIFDEN ON THE OUTSIDE 22 SEPTEMBER HYACINTH HALVEY HYACINTH HALVEY BALLINASLOE 29 SEPTEMBER ON THE OUTSIDE

ROUNDSTONE TEACH AN ATHENRY PHIARSAIGH 16 – 17 OCTOBER NUI GALWAY 13 OCTOBER 11 OCTOBER DRUIDGREGORY 26 – 27 SEPTEMBER ON THE OUTSIDE CATHLEEN NÍ HOULIHAN DRUIDGREGORY

LOUGHREA 14 OCTOBER KINVARA ON THE OUTSIDE 6 OCTOBER ON THE OUTSIDE

PORTUMNA COOLE PARK 9 – 10 OCTOBER 15 – 20 SEPTEMBER DRUIDGREGORY DRUIDGREGORY

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A GALWAY 2020 COMMISSION DRUIDGREGORY PLAYS BY LADY GREGORY ON THE OUTSIDE BY TOM MURPHY AND NOEL O’DONOGHUE

CAST/CLIAR CREATIVES/ Venetia Bowe LUCHT NA nEALAÍON: Megan Cusack Director/Stiúrthóir Peter Daly Garry Hynes Tim Doyle Donal Gallery Set and Costume Design/ Liam Heslin Dearadh Seit agus Cultacha Garrett Lombard Francis O’Connor Sarah Morris Lighting/Soilsiú Marie Mullen Barry O'Brien Rory Nolan John Olohan Movement Director/ Marty Rea Stiúrthóir Gluaiseachta David Bolger Singers/Amhránaithe Julie Feeney Music/Ceol Maighread Ní Dhomhnaill Conor Linehan (Coole Park) Costume Design/Dearadh Cultacha On the Outside Clíodhna Hallissey Assistant Director/Stiúrthóir Cúnta Sarah Baxter

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GREGORY CYCLE

HYACINTH HALVEY BY LADY GREGORY The fount of all knowledge, Mrs Delane the postmistress of Cloon, is eagerly awaiting the arrival of the new SUB-SANITARY INSPECTOR, Hyacinth Halvey. Laden down with recommendations of good and saintly character, can Hyacinth possibly cope with the high expectations of the villagers?

MCDONOUGH’S WIFE BY LADY GREGORY It is the fair day in Galway and the wife of the acclaimed piper McDonough has recently died. But where is the wicked and roguish McDonough? Will he return in time (and with enough money) to ensure his wife receives a proper, dignified burial?

THE RISING OF THE MOON BY LADY GREGORY On a moonlit night in Galway, three policemen are posting WANTED notices offering a £100 reward. An Irish rebel has escaped prison and they fear he may slip their clutches by taking a boat. As he keeps watch on the pier one of the policemen encounters a poor ballad singer, Jimmy Walsh.

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THE GAOL GATE BY LADY GREGORY After receiving an official letter in the post, Mary Cahel and her daughter-in-law Mary Cushin travel through the night to Galway Gaol. Unable to read and afraid of asking help of their neighbours, they arrive at the gate hoping to find out what has happened their son and husband, Denis Cahel, jailed eight weeks previously along with two companions.

CATHLEEN NÍ HOULIHAN BY LADY GREGORY AND WB YEATS The revolutionary play that was on the opening bill of the Abbey Theatre in December 1904 and which Yeats later, poetically, feared sent many young Irish men to their death, was co-authored by Lady Gregory though was not credited as such for many years. It is Killala 1798, ships are in the bay and revolution is in the air. As the Gillane family prepare for their eldest son’s wedding, a mysterious old woman appears at their door.

ON THE OUTSIDE BY TOM MURPHY AND NOEL O’DONOGHUE On the Outside is Tom Murphy's first play, in which began a lifetime of engagement with the idea of what it was to be Irish and live in 20th century Ireland. Two townies, Joe and Frank, may be short a few bob to get into the country dancehall, but that won’t stop them trying. A satirical comedy about exclusion and trying to overcome social barriers in 1950s Ireland.

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COOLE HOUSE ‘I have lived there and loved it these forty years… If there is trouble now, and it is dismantled and left to ruin, that is the whole country’s loss. I pray, pray, pray.’ Lady Gregory 7 BACK TO CONTENTS AUGUSTA GREGORY

AUGUSTA GREGORY (1852-1932) A local habitation and a name

'My tenants have never in a single instance caused me displeasure and I know you can and will do everything in your power to make them love and value us.'

So wrote Sir William Gregory (1817-1892) of Coole Park in a letter to Augusta Persse shortly before their marriage in 1880. Forty years previously, in conversation with the celebrated Daniel O’Connell, he had described them as 'the most lovable and loving people in the world.'

For the next fifty-two years, Lady Augusta Gregory continued to win the respect and generally the affection of the people of Kiltartan.

Much of her short married life –twelve years – was spent away from Coole but whenever she returned she was anxious to meet with the people. Early entries in her diaries indicate that she visited many of them in their homes e.g. 'The Brennan family I found well though grumbling at the damage done to their land by flooding.'This was written in February 1884 but it could have well been written in 2020 because flooding in the Ballylee/Cloonanearla area is worse than ever.

Funerals were occasions when her charity was called into action, though sometimes with humorous results: 'Old B. for whose funeral I gave one pound last week, is walking about as lively as ever, but he thinks he is going blind!'

Sir William’s death in 1892 could be said to have been a turning point in her life, as from then onwards she had to manage the vast estate. This brought her into closer contact with the tenants. At the same time Ireland witnessed a growth in cultural nationalism and Lady Gregory became deeply immersed in the Celtic Revival. A new 8 BACK TO CONTENTS AUGUSTA GREGORY arrival on the local scene was the poet W.B. Yeats.

Lady Gregory’s influence on Yeats is incalculable. She was friend, philosopher and guide. She helped him to collect folklore and, in the process, she was the one who understood “Kiltartanese” while Yeats could not really get into the minds of the locals, though he extolled the praises of farmers and fishermen in his poetry! She searched among 'farmers and potato diggers and old men in workhouses and at our own door.' One of those people was Curley the Piper, often mentioned in her writings.

The famous meeting with Yeats and Edward Martyn in Count De Basterot’s house in Duras can rightly be claimed as the inception of the Abbey Theatre. Lady Gregory’s plays are still performed by Druid and by groups like The Wild Swans Theatre in Gort.

She attended the opening night of An Taibhdhearc theatre in Galway, 27 August 1928. 'Fittingly, Lady Gregory in the audience, elegant in a black cloak and buckle shoes' wrote Michael Finlan in The Irish Times, 24 October 1978 (Golden Jubilee of the event).

The Coole gate-lodge was the venue for plays for children and also for Irish classes. The poems of Blind Raftery were collected by herself and Douglas Hyde from farmers like Tommy Hynes of Ballylee. Incidentally, one of her tenants, Thomas Brennan of Cloonanearla/Ballylee, wrote at least two poems in praise of Coole Park. In the poem The Praises of Sweet Coole Demesne he wrote

‘To exalt its beauty it is my duty My pen I took to sound its praises.’

Not to be sniffed at from a man with hedge school education.

Plays like The Workhouse Ward and Spreading The News were certainly inspired by her shopping trips in Gort and also her visits to the Gort Workhouse.

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Her love of the Irish language and literature is beyond doubt. One of the first rural branches of the Gaelic League was formed on the 8 January 1899 in Kiltartan National School – now the Kiltartan Gregory Museum. The founders of the Abbey Theatre – Gregory, Yeats and Martyn – were present as well as the eminent historian and P.P. of Gort, Dr. Jerome Fahey. She enlisted the help of Pat Mulkere of Castletown to help her translate Irish legends, though Pat admitted that she didn’t have the real blas!

If books were dear to her heart, so also were her woods. She made a plea for every nationalist to plant a tree in 1898 (centenary of the 1798 Rebellion) and every unionist in 1900 (centenary of the Act of Union).

Lady Gregory took a keen interest in the welfare of her farmers. She invited Sir Horace Plunkett, the founder of the Irish Agricultural Organisation Society, to Coole. They founded a local branch of the IAOS which was of immense benefit to farmers because they were now able to purchase in bulk.

She cooperated with the Sisters of Mercy, Gort, in setting up the Gort Industries Ltd. which became one of the most successful of such ventures in Ireland. Her relations with the Sisters seem to have been very cordial.

Her own words, written towards the end of her life are a fitting summary of her contribution to South Galway and beyond:

'We came through the Land League without war, without police protection or any application to the country for compensation. Coole has been not only a place of peace during all this time, but a home of culture in more senses than one.'

Mary de Lourdes Fahy, R.S.M. August 2020

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MAGIC IN THE AIR

There is a wonderful moment in Lady Gregory’s Poets and Dreamers when she contemplated her own two worlds, the one she came from and the one she made. Thinking about the blind poet Raftery (1784-1835), she was returning to Coole, and ‘as I went back along the silent road, there was suddenly a sound of horses and a rushing and waving about me, and I found myself in the middle of the County Galway Foxhounds, come back from cub- hunting…and I wondered if they had ever heard of the poet whose last road this had been. Most likely not, for it is only among the people that his name has been kept in remembrance.’

In August 1902 the American lawyer John Quinn, on a visit to Ireland, travelled to the west with Jack B. Yeats. He found himself at an event to commemorate Raftery, organized by Lady Gregory.

Quinn counted more than a hundred side cars and other vehicles and five or six hundred people at the event. He stood in the crowd with the Yeats brothers as they heard poems and stories in Irish and listened to Irish music and watched traditional Irish dancing. Later, Quinn travelled to Coole. ‘I wish,’ he wrote, ‘I could picture something of the charm that hangs around Coole, of its tangled woods, its stately trees, the lake, the winding paths, the two beautiful old gardens, and the view of all the distant Burren hills. There seemed to be magic in the air, enchantment in the woods and the beauty of the place, and the best talk and stories I ever found anywhere.’

These years, as the nineteenth century gave way to the twentieth, were years of discovery for Lady Gregory, who was born Augusta Persse in 1852 in County Galway. In 1880, she married her neighbour Sir William Gregory, who had been Governor of Ceylon. He was thirty-five years her senior. In 1892, he left her a widow with one son.

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It was clear that her loyalties were divided between those of a traditional Irish landlord and someone who was coming to view culture and tradition in Ireland with reverence. A year after her husband’s death, Lady Gregory published anonymously a pamphlet in London which was a piece of pro-unionist rhetoric, in which Home Rule, viewed from the future, had done nothing except ruin Ireland. But in the same year, she travelled alone to the Aran Islands, staying in a cottage in Inisheer ‘among people speaking scarcely any English’, as she wrote to friends in London.

In 1900 an English editor asked W.B. Yeats to write a popular version of ancient Irish legends, but Yeats refused, saying that he did not have the time. When Lady Gregory suggested that she might take on the task, Yeats was not enthusiastic. He saw her as a force of energy, a woman with a big house, servants and a typewriter, rather than as a fellow writer. He was, she later wrote, ‘slow in coming to believe that I had any gift for writing and he would not encourage me to it, thinking he had made better use of my folklore gathering than I could do. It was only when I had read him one day in London my chapter “The Death of Cuchulain” that he came to look on me as a fellow writer.’

In her Journal for 1922, Lady Gregory said that she wrote ‘all but all of “Cathleen Ní Houlihan”’, produced in 1902 and ascribed to Yeats. Lennox Robinson stated that ‘the verses in it are the poet’s, but all the homely dialogue is Lady Gregory’s. Indeed Yeats has told me more than once that the authorship of the play should be ascribed to her.’

It is clear that Lady Gregory contributed ‘directly and abundantly’, in James Pethica’s phrase, to Yeats’s work for the theatre. She also began to write her own plays, including works such as The Gaol Gate and The Rising of the Moon that seemed to glorify rebellion. Lennox Robinson wrote that Cathleen Ní Houlihan and The Rising of the Moon created ‘more rebels in Ireland than a thousand political

12 BACK TO CONTENTS MAGIC IN THE AIR speeches or a hundred reasoned books.’ In 1907 Lady Gregory wrote to Frank Fay, actor and producer: ‘I particularly didn’t wish to have “The Gaol Gate” [in Galway] in the present state of agrarian excitement, it [might] be looked on as a direct incitement to crime.’

Lady Gregory moved in and out of Yeats’s shadow. When it was suggested that she take credit for Cathleen Ní Houlihan, she said that she could not take from Yeats what had been his one popular success. When making categories of people, Yeats put her in the same group as Queen Victoria. Lady Gregory commented: ‘But I don’t think she could have written “Seven Short Plays.”’

Because she was such a formidable figure, a person of great vision, who helped many writers including Yeats and Seán O’Casey, because she was a woman who set about re-imagining her own country, Lady Gregory’s own work as a playwright, translator, memoirist has never received the honour that is its due. It seems ironic that someone who spent much of her life supporting the work of others should herself suffer neglect. With DruidGregory, the work of this remarkably talented Irish woman will finally have its moment in the very setting that she most loved.

Colm Tóibín August 2020

13 BACK TO CONTENTS DRUID, TUAM, AND ON THE OUTSIDE

DRUID, TUAM, AND ON THE OUTSIDE

The story has often been told that when Tom Murphy and his friend Noel O’Donoghue set out to write their first play, they resolved that it would not be set in a kitchen. That was a reaction to the dominant genre of Irish drama at the time, the kitchen comedy. It is a style that did not die out for quite some time after On the Outside was written, and it could be said to have lived on in many of John B Keane’s most enduring works, which are still being staged by amateur companies. So while the characters in these kitchen plays have their tensions, rows, disagreements and reconciliations, they are still on the inside of a society that assigns them well defined roles within which they may thrive or wither according to the playwright’s whim.

But Frank and Joe, the two young men who lack the price of admission to the dancehall, are on the outside in more senses than one. They feel themselves to be at the bottom of the social heap with little chance of rising. They are on the lowest rungs of a hierarchy: above them is the foreman, to whom they kowtow in search of small favours. And they take grim pleasure in watching him snatch off his cap in the presence of the boss, the owner of the business.

This play was written more than 60 years ago. It is set in 1958, outside a country hall where the Irish National Teachers Organisation is running a dance. The culture of deference in which it was set and which gave it much of its power has waned, at least at local level. Few if any bosses are addressed as Mister or Mrs these days. And yet the essential hierarchies of social status remain, albeit in a far less obvious shape. It is fair to assume that the local audiences who will laugh at the predicament of Frank and Joe, in the comfortable knowledge that they can well afford 14 BACK TO CONTENTS DRUID, TUAM, AND ON THE OUTSIDE the price of admission to whatever has replaced the dancehall, will still feel the resonance of the blowhard Mickey Ford whose car puts him in a superior bracket.

Tom Murphy said 'I believe I’ve met everybody in the world in Tuam — poor people and the affluent — only a difference in scale. I count myself rich in my home town. I am proud to be a sham.'

Tuam was fortunate that it gave birth to a playwright of such depth and tenacity of purpose as Murphy. Many another town could have provided similar source material. And Murphy was blessed that in 1984, ten years after the first professional stage production of On the Outside in the Abbey, Druid chose to stage his epic drama Famine.

That production in February was followed seven months later by On the Outside in September, and the association of playwright and company provided theatrical riches in the years since, with productions ranging from Conversations on a Homecoming and A Whistle in the Dark to The Blue Macushla.

While Tuam cannot claim to be overtly represented in plays like The Sanctuary Lamp or The Gigli Concert, the wonderful Conversations on a Homecoming had a special resonance when performed in the playwright’s home town, as it has been several times.

While Tom Murphy and Tuam are inextricably linked, so are Druid and the rural hinterland that spreads out from its Galway city base. From the early years one of the company’s objectives has been to bring theatre to the communities which never saw a professional actor since the long-gone days of the travelling fit-up shows.

In their first local tour they brought The Playboy of the Western

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World to Inis Meáin and Inis Mór, hardly surprising, but they also brought The Wood of the Whispering by Milltown playwright MJ Molloy to the islands, to Lisdoonvarna and beyond. Their tours took in Kiltimagh, Killasser, Ballinrobe, Ros Muc, and many other stages.

It’s a while since Druid have hit local roads, but here they are, back in a time of another kind of drama, taking the daring gamble of staging On the Outside in the open air. We can only wish them fair weather, and hope for a return visit soon — inside or outside.

David Burke September 2020

16 BACK TO CONTENTS POEM THE NEW FACES BY W.B. YEATS

If you, that have grown old, were the first dead, Neither catalpa tree nor scented lime Should hear my living feet, nor would I tread Where we wrought that shall break the teeth of Time. Let the new faces play what tricks they will In the old rooms; night can outbalance day, Our shadows rove the garden gravel still, The living seem more shadowy than they.

Lady Gregory seated under the Catalpa Tree at Coole Park 17 BACK TO CONTENTS BACK TO CONTENTS

AN EVENING AT COOLE, 1979 A selection of Lady Gregory works at Druid Lane Theatre, directed by Garry Hynes. Cast: Diarmuid Burke, Seán McGinley, Paul O’Neill, Maelíosa Stafford, Raymond McBride, Marie Mullen, Catherine O’Reilly. 18 BACK TO CONTENTS EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY

DRUIDGREGORY EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY

The Education and Community strand of DruidGregory will engage schools and communities throughout the county, bringing Druid into the heart of Galway towns and villages.

Druid will perform at secondary schools in Galway city and county presenting Tom Murphy’s first play, On the Outside, written with Noel O’Donoghue. This short, satirical play looks at social norms and exclusion in rural Ireland. The play will be examined by students and teachers through a specially designed education pack alongside pre and post show discussions and workshops with participating schools.

Druid will engage with Galway primary schools, introducing younger school children to the influential and inspirational figure of Galway’s Lady Gregory. Through an educational video and resources, including some fun activities, children will learn about who Lady Gregory was and the role she played in Ireland’s literary history. Furthermore, every primary school child in Galway will receive a very special Lady Gregory bookmark.

DruidGregory’s community strand will see Druid provide practical engagement opportunities for groups and communities across the county, providing technical workshops in acting, directing and stage management, all run by the experienced Druid team.

The DruidGregory Education and Community strand is supported by

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PRODUCTION TEAM/ FOIREANN LÉIRITHE

Stage Managers/Bainisteoirí Stáitse Sophie Flynn Dylan Farrell Production Runner/Teachtaire Rachel Stout Costume Supervisor/Maoirseoir Cultacha Clíodhna Hallissey Costume Assistants/Cúntóirí Cultacha Jade Gavin Goodfellow Tara Tobin Technical Manager/Bainisteoir Teicniúil Shannon Light Master Carpenter/Máistirshiúinéir Gus Dewar Carpenter/Siúinéir Pete Nelson Technicians/Teicneoirí Susan Collins Richard Curwood Mike Byrne Ronan Gallagher Keith Newman Production Sound/Fuaim Mike Nestor Scenic Artist/Ealaíontóir Radharcra Rachel Towey Props/Prapaí Matt Guinnane Area Management/Bainistíocht Limistéir Frank Commins Darragh Commins Front of House/Fáilteachas Jill Murray Emma O’Flaherty Ciara Commins Cathal Commins Currach Rowers/Iomróirí Curaí Alex Fernie Darach Ó Ruairc Education and Community Coordinator/ Comhordaitheoir Oideachais agus Pobail Jill Murray Education Assistant/Cúntóir Oideachais Claire Mullane Production Photography/ Grianghrafadóireacht Léiriúcháin Matthew Thompson Graphic Design/Dearadh Grafach Gareth Jones Video/Físeán Dave Brandt PR/Caidreamh Poiblí Bowe Communications

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GARRY HYNES DIRECTOR/STIÚRTHÓIR

Garry Hynes co-founded Druid in 1975 and has worked as its Artistic Director from 1975 to 1991 and from 1995 to date. From 1991 to 1994 she was Artistic Director of the Abbey Theatre, Dublin.

Garry has also worked with the Gate Theatre (Ireland); the Royal Shakespeare Company and the Royal Court (UK), Center Theatre Group, Second Stage, Signature Theater, Manhattan Theater Club, the Kennedy Center, the Mark Taper Forum and the Spoleto Festival (USA).

Awards include/Gradaim: The Joe A. Callaway Award (New York) for Outstanding Directing for The Cripple of Inishmaan (2009); a Tony Award for Direction for The Beauty Queen of Leenane (1998); other theatre awards, including Irish Times/ESB Irish Theatre Awards, Best Director for DruidShakespeare: Richard II, Henry IV (Pts 1&2), Henry V, The Beauty Queen of Leenane, Waiting for Godot and a Special Tribute Award for her contribution to Irish Theatre (2005). Garry has received Honorary Doctorates from the University College Dublin, University of Dublin, the National University of Ireland and the National Council for Education Awards. She is an Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in Ireland, and a member of the Honorary Council of the Royal Hibernian Academy (HRHA). In 2011, Garry was appointed Adjunct Professor of Drama and Theatre Studies at NUI Galway.

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FRANCIS O’CONNOR SET AND COSTUME DESIGN/ DEARADH SEIT & CULTACHA

Francis is a regular collaborator with Garry Hynes and Druid. His designs for plays, musicals and opera have been seen in Ireland, the UK, throughout the US, Europe, and Asia and his work with the Gate Theatre (Ireland) has frequently been seen at Spoleto Festival.

Druid: The Cherry Orchard, The Beacon, Epiphany, DruidShakespeare: Richard III, Shelter, Furniture, Sive, King of the Castle, The Beauty Queen of Leenane, Waiting for Godot, Big Maggie, DruidShakespeare: Richard II, Henry IV (Pts 1&2), Henry V, Brigit, Bailegangaire, The Colleen Bawn, DruidMurphy – Plays by Tom Murphy, The Silver Tassie, The Gigli Concert, The Cripple of Inishmaan, Long Day’s Journey Into Night, Leaves, Empress of India, The Year of the Hiker, DruidSynge, The Well of the Saints, The Tinker’s Wedding, Sharon’s Grave, Sive, The Good Father, My Brilliant Divorce, The Beauty Queen of Leenane, The Lonesome West, A Skull in Connemara, The Leenane Trilogy, The Country Boy, The Way You Look Tonight, Shadow and Substance, Wild Harvest.

Awards include/Gradaim: Five Irish Times Irish Theatre Awards, three for Best Design, two for Best Costume Design (with Doreen McKenna); Boston Critics Circle; Dora Mavor Moore Award; and a nomination for the Faust Prize, Germany.

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DAVID BOLGER MOVEMENT DIRECTOR/ STIÚRTHÓIR GLUAISEACHTA

David is Artistic Director of CoisCéim Dance Theatre. He has choreographed over 22 productions for the company, including Body Language, Agnes, Pageant, Touch Me, Swimming With My Mother and The Wolf and Peter.

Druid: The Cherry Orchard, Epiphany, DruidShakespeare: Richard III, Sive, King of the Castle, DruidShakespeare: Richard II, Henry IV (pts 1&2), Henry V, The Colleen Bawn, DruidMurphy – Plays by Tom Murphy, The Silver Tassie, DruidSynge, The Year of the Hiker, Sharon’s Grave, The Playboy of the Western World.

Other theatre, opera & musical theatre/Obair eile amharclannaíochta, ceoldráma, ceolamharclannaíochta: David has worked for the Abbey Theatre, Opera Ireland, the Royal Opera House, English National Opera, the Guthrie Theater and the National Theatre, London.

Film includes/Scannáin: David wrote and choreographed Deep End Dance and the film has been screened internationally and won awards including Best Short Film (Irish Film Festival, Boston; Celtic Media Festival; Fastnet Film Festival) and a Special Jury Prize (Idill), Hit and Run, Flatbed, Michael Collins and Dancing at Lughnasa. In 2019, David directed and choreographed How to Sink a Boat, which recently screened at the Dance on Camera Festival at the Lincoln Center, New York.

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CONOR LINEHAN MUSIC/CEOL

Conor is a pianist, composer and teacher from Dublin. He is on the piano faculty of the Royal Irish Academy of Music where he also teaches courses in improvisation and is currently pursuing a Doctorate in Performance in association with Trinity College Dublin.

Druid: The Cherry Orchard, Epiphany, DruidShakespeare: Richard III, Sive, DruidShakespeare: Richard II, Henry IV (Pts 1&2), Henry V.

Other theatre includes/Obair eile amharclannaíochta: Woyzeck in Winter (Landmark Productions/Galway International Arts Festival); Dublin by Lamplight (Corn Exchange/Abbey Theatre); The Wolf and Peter (CoisCéim); productions with the Abbey and Peacock theatres; the Gate, Dublin; the Lyric, Belfast; the Royal Shakespeare Company; the National Theatre, London; Liverpool Playhouse; Hampstead Theatre; Siren Productions, Dublin.

Awards/Gradaim: Irish Times Irish Theatre Award, Best Sound Design (with Ben Delaney); Irish Times Irish Theatre Judges’ Special Award nomination for ‘setting the standard of theatre composition’; PlayShakespeare website’s Falstaff Award, Best Score Worldwide.

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CLÍODHNA HALLISSEY COSTUME DESIGN/ DEARADH CULTACHA On the Outside

A recent graduate of the BA in Drama, Theatre and Performance Studies and English at NUI Galway, Clíodhna was the 2019/2020 recipient of the Marie Mullen Bursary for female theatre artists working in the fields of design, directing and dramaturgy.

Druid: Clíodhna was Assistant Costume Designer and Dresser for The Cherry Orchard and Costume Dresser for DruidShakespeare: Richard III at the Abbey Theatre, Dublin.

Other theatre includes/Obair eile amharclannaíochta: Costume Designer for Ar Ais Arís (Brú Theatre/Galway 2020); An Dara Réalt, Yummy Mummy (An Taibhdhearc); Aisling? (Ealaín na Gaeltachta); BAOITE (An Taibhdhearc/Abbey Theatre); Costume Assistant and Dresser for Grief is The Thing With Feathers (Landmark Productions); The Country Girls (Abbey Theatre).

Film & television includes/Scannáin & teilifís: Costume Designer for Living With a Fairy 2; Costume Assistant for Mr. Mender and The Chummyjiggers; Costume Trainee for Wild Mountain Thyme.

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SARAH BAXTER DIRECTOR/STIÚRTHÓIR

Sarah is a current recipient of the Marie Mullen Bursary for female theatre artists working in the fields of design, directing and dramaturgy. Sarah trained in LeCoq based theatre at London International School of Performing Arts (LISPA) and is a member of the artist collective White Label.

Druid: DruidGregory marks Sarah’s debut with the company.

Director credits include/Creidiúintí Stiúrthóra: These Stupid Things, Taboo (White Label); The Roaring Banshees, The Hellfire Squad, Vehicle (Devious Theatre); Personal Space Vol II (Smock Alley); 24HourPlaysDublin 2018 (Dublin Youth Theatre); Dubliners Women (Witchwork Theatre Company); To Space (Niamh Shaw).

Director & Co-Creator credits/ Creidiúintí Stiúrthóra & Comhchruthaitheora: It’s getting harder and harder for me and Jellyfish with Alice Malseed (Dublin Fringe 2015/2017); Diary of a Martian Beekeeper with Niamh Shaw.

Sarah was a member of Irish National Opera’s ABL Opera Studio 2018-2020 during which she directed and co-wrote The Deadly World of Opera (Musictown Festival) and was assistant director for several productions. She has also been an assistant director with Field Day Theatre Company, Landmark Productions, Fabulous Beast Dance Theatre Company and the Gate Theatre.

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VENETIA BOWE Miss Joyce (Hyacinth Halvey), Second Hag (Mc Donough's Wife), Patrick Gillane (Cathleen Ní Houlihan), Anne (On The Outside)

Druid: DruidGregory marks Venetia’s debut with the company.

Other theatre includes/ Obair eile amharclannaíochta: Asking for it (Landmark Productions/ The Everyman); Much Ado About Nothing (Rough Magic); Womb (Outlandish Theatre Platform); Kiss Kiss Slap Slap (Smock Alley Theatre); This Beach (Brokentalkers); Nora (Corn Exchange).

Film & television includes/Scannáin & teilifís: Cold Courage, Lily, The Fall of the House of Piecraft, Imagine: Edna O’Brien, Five Letters to a Stranger Who Will Dissect My Brain, Wishbone.

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MEGAN CUSACK First Hag (Mc Donough's Wife), Delia Cahel (Cathleen Ní Houlihan), Kathleen(On The Outside)

Megan is a recent graduate of London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art.

Druid: The Cherry Orchard.

Other theatre includes/ Obair eile amharclannaíochta: The Country Girls (Abbey Theatre); We Are Three Sisters, Cabaret, The Taming Of The Shrew, The Children’s Hour, Fallen Angels, Twelfth Night, Lads Lads Lads, A New Brain, The Duchess of Malfi, Summerfolk, The Man of Mode, Serving It Up, The Flick (LAMDA); Chatroom (Cat Club). ​ Film & television includes/Scannáin & teilifís: Doctors.

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PETER DALY James Quirke (Hyacinth Halvey), First Man (On The Outside)

Druid: The Cherry Orchard, DruidShakespeare: Richard III, King of The Castle, DruidShakespeare: Richard II, Henry IV (Pts 1&2), Henry V.

Other theatre includes/ Obair eile amharclannaíochta: Money (Thisispopbaby); This Lime Tree Bower (Eoin Kilkenny); Bailed Out!, Guaranteed!, Tiny Plays for Ireland I & II (Fishamble); The Critic, Jezebel, Travesties, Peer Gynt, The Importance of Being Earnest, Life is a Dream, Attempts on her Life, Don Carlos, The Taming of the Shrew, Woyzeck (Rough Magic); The Government Inspector, Arrah na Pogue, The Comedy of Errors, The Shaughran, The Cherry Orchard (Abbey Theatre); Hamlet (Second Age Theatre Company); Death of a Salesman (Gate Theatre); The Dead School, Conversation on a Homecoming (Livin’ Dred); The Wonderful World of Dissocia (Calypso); Candide, Seven Deadly Sins (Performance Corporation); Jack Fell Down, Dark Horse (TEAM); Kevin’s Story (Barnstorm).

Film & television includes/Scannáin & teilifís: The Bailout, Trivia, The Clinic, Fair City, Love is the Drug, Turning Green.

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TIM DOYLE (PIPER/PÍOBAIRE)

Tim Doyle is an uilleann piper/multi- instrumentalist and composer. He studied music at Trinity College Dublin and at the Royal Irish Academy of Music, obtaining a BA in composition and a diploma in violin teaching and performance.

Tim has been involved in various projects as both composer/co-composer and conductor with Rithim trad orchestra from Wicklow; including performances of his own works at Dublin City Hall, Fleadh Cheoil na hÉireann in 2018/19 and at Creative Connexions, Spain in 2016, 2017 and 2019. He has worked with Carpet Theatre and has devised and performed music for live theatre.

Since 2015, Tim has been a member of the Comhaltas National Folk Orchestra of Ireland and was uilleann piper in two major projects, Macalla 1916 and Legacy performing in the Barbican Centre London, the RDS, Kilmanham Gaol and at Phoenix Park for the visit of Pope Francis in 2018. Tim has toured extensively with Comhaltas Ceoltoirí Éireann, performing at music festivals in Britain, the USA, Canada, Cuba and Brazil.

In 2017 he released the album ‘Scáthanna’ with fiddle player Fíona NicConmara to much critical acclaim. He is currently 1st violinist with the Bealanós string quartet who regularly perform with pianist Svetlana Rudenko.

Tim works with Music Generation in Wicklow and Carlow, local CCÉ branches and at the Bray College of Music.

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DONAL GALLERY Hyacinth (Hyacinth Halvey), Policeman B (The Rising Of The Moon), Michael Gillane (Cathleen Ní Houlihan), Frank (On The Outside)

Druid: DruidGregory marks Donal’s debut with the company.

Other theatre includes/ Obair eile amharclannaíochta: Observe the Sons of Ulster Marching Towards the Somme (Abbey Theatre/ Headlong); Ulysses (Abbey Theatre); The Effect (Rough Magic); The Heiress (Gate Theatre), Brilliant Jerks (Lipsink Theatre); Juno and the Paycock (Liverpool Everyman/Bristol Old Vic).

Film & television includes/Scannáin & teilifís: Out of Innocence, Pramface, Game of Thrones, Moone Boy, Vikings, Foyles War, The Borgias, Turning Green.

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LIAM HESLIN Fardy (Hyacinth Halvey), Policeman X (The Rising Of The Moon), Joe (On The Outside)

Druid: DruidGregory marks Liam’s debut with the company.

Other theatre includes/ Obair eile amharclannaíochta: Asking For It (Landmark Productions); A Skull in Connemara (Oldham Coliseum); Zero Hour, Pals: The Irish at Gallipoli (ANU Productions); The Lost O’ Casey (Abbey Theatre/ANU Productions); The Shaughraun (Smock Alley Theatre); The Plough and the Stars (Lyric Hammersmith/Gaiety Theatre); The Good Father (Rise Productions); The Plough and the Stars (Abbey Theatre); On Corporation Street (ANU Productions/Home Manchester); King Lear (Second Age Theatre Company); East of Berlin (Brinkmanship/ Project Arts Centre); A Boy Called Nedd (Bitter Like a Lemon/ Theatre Upstairs); Borstal Boy (Verdant Productions); The Clearing, Into the Woods, The Night Season, Mary Stuart, Scenes from the Big Picture, Poor Little Boy With No Arms, The Rover, The Suppliants, Love’s Labour’s Lost (Lir Academy).

Film & television includes/Scannáin & teilifís: Dublin Oldschool, The Island of Evenings, Kaleidoscope, Fair City.

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GARRETT LOMBARD Sergeant (The Rising Of The Moon), Mickey Ford (On The Outside)

Druid: The Cherry Orchard, DruidShakespeare: Richard III, Furniture, Waiting for Godot, DruidShakespeare: Richard II, Henry IV (Pts 1&2), Henry V, DruidMurphy – Plays by Tom Murphy, The Silver Tassie, The Walworth Farce, The Year of the Hiker.

Other theatre includes/ Obair eile amharclannaíochta: Stones in his Pockets (McCarter Theatre); Ulysses, Cavalcaders, The Recruiting Officer(Abbey Theatre); The Dumb Waiter, A Streetcar Named Desire, Bedroom Farce, An Ideal Husband, The Caretaker, All My Sons, Death of a Salesman, The Glass Menagerie (Gate Theatre); Dusk (Red Iron Productions); The Rehearsal, Playing the Dane (Pan Pan); Alone It Stands (Lane Productions); Playing from the Heart (The Ark); The Field (Scott-Rellis Productions); The Winter’s Tale (Corcadorca).

Film & television includes/Scannáin & teilifís: Looks Like Rain, Quirke, Rough Diamond, Fair City, Love is the Drug, Pure Mule, Alexander, Frontline, Stella Days.

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SARAH MORRIS Mrs Delane (Hyacinth Halvey), Mary Cushin (The Gaol Gate), Bridget Gillane (Cathleen Ní Houlihan), Girl (On The Outside)

Druid: DruidGregory marks Sarah’s debut with the company.

Other theatre includes/ Obair eile amharclannaíochta: Venus In Fur (Rough Magic); The Anvil (Anu Productions); Torch (Anu productions/ Heart of Glass); The Lost O’Casey (ANU Productions/Abbey Theatre); CLASS (Iseult Golden/David Horan/ Abbey Theatre); Tina’s Idea of Fun (Abbey Theatre); The Bells Of (Theatre Upstairs); Lady Play (Smock Alley Theatre); King Lear (Second Age Theatre Company); Tarry Flynn, The Living Quarters, Pornography (Lir Academy).

Film & television includes/Scannáin & teilifís: Headcases, Inspector Jury.

Awards/Gradaim: Irish Times Irish Theatre Award, Best Actress (The Lost O’Casey).

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MARIE MULLEN Mary Cahel (The Gaol Gate), The Poor Old Woman (Cathleen Ní Houlihan),

Druid: Marie co-founded Druid in 1975 and has appeared in numerous productions including DruidShakespeare: Richard III, Sive, Brigit, Bailegangaire, DruidShakespeare: Richard II, Henry IV (Pts 1&2), Henry V, The Colleen Bawn, DruidMurphy – Plays by Tom Murphy, The Cripple of Inishmaan, Long Day’s Journey Into Night, DruidSynge, The Beauty Queen of Leenane, The Playboy of the Western World.

Other theatre includes/Obair eile amharclannaíochta: The Children, Crestfall (Gate Theatre); Testament (Landmark Productions/Dublin Theatre Festival); The Man Who Came To Dinner, King Lear, The Man of Mode (RSC); The Last Days of a Reluctant Tyrant, The Power of Darkness, On Raftery's Hill, Big Maggie (Abbey Theatre).

Film & television includes/Scannáin & teilifís: Dorothy Mills, When Brendan met Trudy, Dancing at Lughnasa, Circle of Friends.

Awards/Gradaim: 1998 Tony Award, Best Actress (The Beauty Queen of Leenane); Irish Times Irish Theatre Awards, Lifetime Achievement Award, Best Actress, Best Supporting Actress; Obie, Best Actress Award.

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RORY NOLAN Sergeant Carden (Hyacinth Halvey), Bouncer (On The Outside)

Druid: The Cherry Orchard, Epiphany, DruidShakespeare: Richard III, Shelter, Waiting for Godot, DruidShakespeare: Richard II, Henry IV (Pts 1&2), Henry V, The Colleen Bawn, DruidMurphy – Plays by Tom Murphy.

Other theatre includes/ Obair eile amharclannaíochta: The Alternative (Fishamble); Northern Star, The Critic, Peer Gynt, The Importance of Being Earnest, Don Carlos, The Taming of the Shrew, Improbable Frequency, Is This About Sex? (Rough Magic); Chekhov’s First Play (Dead Centre); Postcards from the Ledge, Breaking Dad, Between Foxrock and a Hard Place, The Last Days of the Celtic Tiger, Sleeping Beauty (Landmark Productions); The Importance of Being Earnest, Bedroom Farce, A Christmas Carol, Death of a Salesman (Gate Theatre); She Stoops to Conquer, Aristocrats, The Government Inspector, Translations, Arrah na Pogue, Macbeth, The Rivals, Last Days of a Reluctant Tyrant, The Comedy of Errors, Heavenly Bodies, Big Love (Abbey Theatre); Observe the Sons of Ulster Marching Towards the Somme (Livin’Dred/Nomad); Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (Corn Exchange); The Evils of Tobacco (Mangiare Theatre).

Film & television includes/Scannáin & teilifís: Acceptable Risk, The Delinquent Season, WILD, Charlie, Fair City, A Thousand Times Goodnight, The Baker Street Irregulars, Trouble in Paradise, Nothing Personal.

Awards/Gradaim: Irish Times Irish Theatre Award, Best Supporting Actor (Waiting for Godot). 36 BACK TO CONTENTS CAST

JOHN OLOHAN Gatekeeper (The Gaol Gate), Peter Gillane (Cathleen Ní Houlihan), Drunk (On The Outside)

Druid: The Cherry Orchard, DruidShakespeare: Richard III, King of the Castle, DruidShakespeare: Richard II, Henry IV (Pts 1&2), Henry V, Big Maggie, The Colleen Bawn, DruidMurphy – Plays by Tom Murphy, The Silver Tassie, The Playboy of the Western World.

Other theatre includes/ Obair eile amharclannaíochta: Da, Tarry Flynn, The Death and Resurrection of Mr. Roche, Sive, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, The House, Dancing at Lughnasa, The Silver Dollar Boys, At Swim Two Birds, The Duty Master, The Muesli Belt, A Little Like Paradise, Savoy, The Remains of Maisie Duggan (Abbey Theatre); The Threepenny Opera, Aristocrats, Sharon’s Grave, Rough for Theatre I&II, A Christmas Carol (Gate Theatre); Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, Philadelphia, Here I Come!, Hamlet (Second Age Theatre Company); The Lieutenant of Inishmore, The Lonesome West, (Town Hall Theatre Galway); Translations (Oroboros); Ride On (Livin’ Dred); A Skull in Connemara (Decadent Theatre); Fings Ain’t Wot They Used T’be (Theatre Royal Stratford East); The Chastitute (Gaiety Theatre).

Film & television includes/Scannáin & teilifís: The Country Girls, Rawhead Rex, War of the Buttons, The Butcher Boy, The Clinic, Single Handed, Amongst Women, Father Ted, Glenroe, Trial of the Century.

Awards/Gradaim: Irish Times Irish Theatre Award, Best Supporting Actor (Big Maggie).

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MARTY REA McDonough (Mc Donough's Wife), A Ragged Man (The Rising Of The Moon), Second Man (On The Outside)

Druid: The Cherry Orchard, The Beacon, Epiphany, DruidShakespeare: Richard III, King of the Castle, The Beauty Queen of Leenane, Waiting for Godot, DruidShakespeare: Richard II, Henry IV (Pts 1&2), Henry V, Brigit, Be Infants In Evil, The Colleen Bawn, DruidMurphy – Plays by Tom Murphy.

Other theatre includes/ Obair eile amharclannaíochta: Gifts You Gave to the Dark (Irish Repertory Theatre); Martyrs (Fishamble); The Glass Menagerie (2019), Beginning, The Great Gatsby, Juno and the Paycock, The Importance of Being Earnest, The Caretaker, An Ideal Husband, My Cousin Rachel, Little Women, Hay Fever, Salomé, Arcadia, The Glass Menagerie (2009) (Gate Theatre); Dear Ireland, Thirst (& other bits of Flann), Othello, She Stoops To Conquer, The Hanging Gardens, Major Barbara, John Gabriel Borkman, The Rivals, Only An Apple, An Ideal Husband, The Big House, Saved, The Importance of Being Earnest (Abbey Theatre).

Film & television includes/Scannáin & teilifís: Strays, Prisoners of the Moon, Citizen Lane, Barbarians Rising!, The Devils Pool, The Man Inside.

Awards/Gradaim: Two Irish Times Theatre Awards, Best Actor (DruidShakespeare: Richard II, Henry IV (Pts 1&2), Henry V); Irish Times Theatre Awards, Best Supporting Actor (King of the Castle and The Great Gatsby).

38 BACK TO CONTENTS BACK TO CONTENTS

Donal Gallery, Venetia Bowe, Sarah Morris, Rory Nolan, Peter Daly and Liam Heslin (top), Peter Daly, Donal Gallery, Liam Heslin and Sarah Morris in rehearsals for DruidGregory at Coole Park. (Photograph: Boyd Challenger)

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Garry Hynes, Venetia Bowe, Rory Nolan in rehearsal for DruidGregory at Coole Park. (Photographs: Boyd Challenger)

40 BACK TO CONTENTS SUPPORTERS

SUPPORTERS/LUCHT TACAÍOCHTA Thank You to all our Supporters – your generosity is invaluable and we thank you for the part you play. Through your support, you enable us to create more work of a world class standard and to plan for future productions.

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TJ HYLAND & CO LTD 41 BACK TO CONTENTS FRIENDS

DRUID FRIENDS/ÁR gCAIRDE Druid is a Transformational Partners Silver Spoon Friends Loretta Brennan Glucksman Cecelia Beirne registered charity Paul Keary Brendan Daly John McColgan & Moya Doherty Dorothea Finan and we rely on Joseph M. Hassett Sean & Ailbhe Hughes the philanthropy Grainne McNamara Aedhmar Hynes & Kelvin Thompson Thomas Campbell Jackson Alma Hynes and generous & Penny Jackson Joan King support of the Cielinski Family Patrick Lonergan Anne Anderson & Franklin Lowe Úna McKeever public to continue Michael McMullin & Lys Browne Platinum Friends David Niland making work Mairead & Frank Cashman John O’Conor that is acclaimed Richard & Jennie DeScherer Cliona O’Farrelly Cathal Goan Gary Mathews & Maeve Robinson the world over. & Maighread Ni Dhomhnaill Karl & Mary Verbruggen Jimmy McGuire & Mary Halpin Wildfire Films Whether you are Debra & Alan Rosenberg a philanthropic Bride Rosney Bronze Medal Friends Helen Ryan Standish Barry organisation, Jack & Linda Viertel Ann Brophy a business or Mary A. Burke Golden Ticket Friends Mary Cannon & David Cotter Druid enthusiast, Mary Apied Patricia D’Arcy Rebecca & Tom Bartlett Charles Dixon we invite you Henry & Barbara Bourke Dennis Dougherty to look over Michael J Burke Jacinta Dwyer Mary Finan Sally Fahy our Supporter Paul & Mary Gilson Niamh M Fitzpatrick initiatives and Paul & Mary Grealish Dan Flinter Garry Hynes Jim Flynn sign up with us Kevin Jennings Bernadette Healy Séamus Mac Mathuna Mary Hickey today. John & Anne Marshall Noirin & Seamus Hickson Bill Martin Feargal Hynes Elizabeth McConnell Jordan Katz Please visit Mary Raftery Mitchell RIP Una Kealy druid.ie/support Donncha O’Connell Jack & Maureen Kissane D.M. O’Connor & Co. Noelle Lynskey or contact Enda & Ian Quinn Kieran Lyons john.mcevoy Miriam & Seamus Sheridan PatJoe McLoughlin Guillermo Suescum & Melanie Hughes Grainne O’Callaghan @druid.ie Eoin & Niamh O’Dochartaigh Maeve O’Donovan for further Dorothy & Seamus Robinson information. Kevin Stewart Adrian Taheny Simon Western

Thanks also to all our supporters who wish to remain anonymous and to all those who made one-off donations. 42 BACK TO CONTENTS BECOME A FRIEND

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43 BACK TO CONTENTS DRUID STAFF

DRUID STAFF/AN FHOIREANN

FOUNDERS/BUNAITHEOIRÍ Garry Hynes Mick Lally (1945-2010) Marie Mullen

Office Manager/Bainisteoir Oifige Niamh Bent Warehouse Manager/Bainisteoir Trádstórais* Frank Commins Financial Controller/Rialtóir Airgeadais* Brian Duffy Producer/Léiritheoir Brian Fenton Marketing & Communications Lead/Ceannasaí Margaíochta & Cumarsáide Alison Greene Company Manager/Bainisteoir an Chompántais Jean Hally Executive Director/Stiúrthóir Feidhmiúcháin Feargal Hynes Artistic Director/Stiúrthóir Ealaíne Garry Hynes Development & Marketing/Forbairt & Margaíocht John McEvoy

44 BACK TO CONTENTS DRUID STAFF

Venue Manager/Bainisteoir an Ionaid* Síomha Nee Financial Administrator/Riarthóir Airgeadais* Lisa Nolan Production Manager/Bainisteoir Léiriúcháin Barry O’Brien

*part-time position/oibrí páirtaimseartha

BOARD/AN BORD Tom Joyce (Chairman/Cathaoirleach) Anne Anderson Helen Ryan Cilian Fennell Padraic Ferry Mary Apied Bernadette Murtagh (Company Secretary/Rúnaí Cuideachta)

DRUID ENSEMBLE Derbhle Crotty Garrett Lombard Aaron Monaghan Marie Mullen Rory Nolan Aisling O’Sullivan Marty Rea

The Druid Ensemble is a core group of freelance actors who work closely with Druid to shape the future direction of the company’s work.

45 BACK TO CONTENTS THANKS

THANK YOU GO RAIBH MAITH AGAIBH Druid gratefully acknowledges the support of many people who assisted with this production. Ba mhaith le Druid aitheantas a thabhairt agus buíochas a ghabháil le go leor daoine a chuidigh leis an léiriúchán seo. All previous The Galway Tour venues Jane Brennan and Alexandra Cann John Breslin at Old Ireland in Colour Marion Cathal Collins Cueone Lighting Thomas Conway Gerry Coughlan at The Mechanics Institute Niamh Fenton Craig Flaherty Kevin Gavin G.P.T. Galway Joseph M. Hassett Barry Houlihan Gaillimh le Gaeilge Rena McAllen and Sr De Lourdes Fahy from Kiltartan Gregory Museum John Mulrooney Eimer Murphy at the Abbey Theatre Fionnghuala nic Thighearnáin Mary O’Connell Emmet Gill and Gay McKeon at Na Píobairí Uileann Ronnie O’Gorman Original cast of An Evening at Coole James Pethica Melissa Sihra Colin Smythe 46 BACK TO CONTENTS BACK TO CONTENTS

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Druid, Flood Street, Galway, Ireland +353 91 568 660 | www.druid.ie | druidtheatre

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