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The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks Bioblitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 ON THIS PAGE Photograph of BioBlitz participants conducting data entry into iNaturalist. Photograph courtesy of the National Park Service. ON THE COVER Photograph of BioBlitz participants collecting aquatic species data in the Presidio of San Francisco. Photograph courtesy of National Park Service. The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 Elizabeth Edson1, Michelle O’Herron1, Alison Forrestel2, Daniel George3 1Golden Gate Parks Conservancy Building 201 Fort Mason San Francisco, CA 94129 2National Park Service. Golden Gate National Recreation Area Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1061 Sausalito, CA 94965 3National Park Service. San Francisco Bay Area Network Inventory & Monitoring Program Manager Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1063 Sausalito, CA 94965 March 2016 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. -
Anthopleura and the Phylogeny of Actinioidea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria)
Org Divers Evol (2017) 17:545–564 DOI 10.1007/s13127-017-0326-6 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Anthopleura and the phylogeny of Actinioidea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) M. Daly1 & L. M. Crowley2 & P. Larson1 & E. Rodríguez2 & E. Heestand Saucier1,3 & D. G. Fautin4 Received: 29 November 2016 /Accepted: 2 March 2017 /Published online: 27 April 2017 # Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik 2017 Abstract Members of the sea anemone genus Anthopleura by the discovery that acrorhagi and verrucae are are familiar constituents of rocky intertidal communities. pleisiomorphic for the subset of Actinioidea studied. Despite its familiarity and the number of studies that use its members to understand ecological or biological phe- Keywords Anthopleura . Actinioidea . Cnidaria . Verrucae . nomena, the diversity and phylogeny of this group are poor- Acrorhagi . Pseudoacrorhagi . Atomized coding ly understood. Many of the taxonomic and phylogenetic problems stem from problems with the documentation and interpretation of acrorhagi and verrucae, the two features Anthopleura Duchassaing de Fonbressin and Michelotti, 1860 that are used to recognize members of Anthopleura.These (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Actiniidae) is one of the most anatomical features have a broad distribution within the familiar and well-known genera of sea anemones. Its members superfamily Actinioidea, and their occurrence and exclu- are found in both temperate and tropical rocky intertidal hab- sivity are not clear. We use DNA sequences from the nu- itats and are abundant and species-rich when present (e.g., cleus and mitochondrion and cladistic analysis of verrucae Stephenson 1935; Stephenson and Stephenson 1972; and acrorhagi to test the monophyly of Anthopleura and to England 1992; Pearse and Francis 2000). -
Marine Invertebrate Field Guide
Marine Invertebrate Field Guide Contents ANEMONES ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 AGGREGATING ANEMONE (ANTHOPLEURA ELEGANTISSIMA) ............................................................................................................................... 2 BROODING ANEMONE (EPIACTIS PROLIFERA) ................................................................................................................................................... 2 CHRISTMAS ANEMONE (URTICINA CRASSICORNIS) ............................................................................................................................................ 3 PLUMOSE ANEMONE (METRIDIUM SENILE) ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 BARNACLES ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 ACORN BARNACLE (BALANUS GLANDULA) ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 HAYSTACK BARNACLE (SEMIBALANUS CARIOSUS) .............................................................................................................................................. 4 CHITONS ........................................................................................................................................................................................... -
Redescription and Notes on the Reproductive Biology of the Sea Anemone Urticina Fecunda (Verrill, 1899), Comb
Zootaxa 3523: 69–79 (2012) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:142C1CEE-A28D-4C03-A74C-434E0CE9541A Redescription and notes on the reproductive biology of the sea anemone Urticina fecunda (Verrill, 1899), comb. nov. (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actiniidae) PAUL G. LARSON1, JEAN-FRANÇOIS HAMEL2 & ANNIE MERCIER3 1Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University (Ohio) 43210 USA [email protected] 2Society for the Exploration and Valuing of the Environment (SEVE), Portugal Cove-St. Philips (Newfoundland and Labrador) A1M 2B7 Canada [email protected] 3Department of Ocean Sciences (OSC), Memorial University, St. John’s (Newfoundland and Labrador) A1C 5S7 Canada [email protected] Abstract The externally brooding sea anemone Epiactis fecunda (Verrill, 1899) is redescribed as Urticina fecunda, comb. nov., on the basis of preserved type material and anatomical and behavioural observations of recently collected animals. The sea- sonal timing of reproduction and aspects of the settlement and development of brooded offspring are reported. Precise locality data extend the bathymetric range to waters as shallow as 10 m, and the geographical range east to the Avalon Peninsula (Newfoundland, Canada). We differentiate it from other known northern, externally brooding species of sea anemone. Morphological characters, including verrucae, decamerous mesenterial arrangement, and non-overlapping sizes of basitrichs in tentacles and actinopharynx, agree with a generic diagnosis of Urticina Ehrenberg, 1834 rather than Epi- actis Verrill, 1869. Key words: Brooding, Epiactis, Epigonactis Introduction Since its original description in 1899 based on two preserved specimens, no subsequent collection of the species currently known as Epiactis fecunda (Verrill, 1899) has been reported in the literature, nor have details of its life history nor descriptions of the live animal. -
Appendix 3 Marine Spcies Lists
Appendix 3 Marine Species Lists with Abundance and Habitat Notes for Provincial Helliwell Park Marine Species at “Wall” at Flora Islet and Reef Marine Species at Norris Rocks Marine Species at Toby Islet Reef Marine Species at Maude Reef, Lambert Channel Habitats and Notes of Marine Species of Helliwell Provincial Park Helliwell Provincial Park Ecosystem Based Plan – March 2001 Marine Species at wall at Flora Islet and Reef Common Name Latin Name Abundance Notes Sponges Cloud sponge Aphrocallistes vastus Abundant, only local site occurance Numerous, only local site where Chimney sponge, Boot sponge Rhabdocalyptus dawsoni numerous Numerous, only local site where Chimney sponge, Boot sponge Staurocalyptus dowlingi numerous Scallop sponges Myxilla, Mycale Orange ball sponge Tethya californiana Fairly numerous Aggregated vase sponge Polymastia pacifica One sighting Hydroids Sea Fir Abietinaria sp. Corals Orange sea pen Ptilosarcus gurneyi Numerous Orange cup coral Balanophyllia elegans Abundant Zoanthids Epizoanthus scotinus Numerous Anemones Short plumose anemone Metridium senile Fairly numerous Giant plumose anemone Metridium gigantium Fairly numerous Aggregate green anemone Anthopleura elegantissima Abundant Tube-dwelling anemone Pachycerianthus fimbriatus Abundant Fairly numerous, only local site other Crimson anemone Cribrinopsis fernaldi than Toby Islet Swimming anemone Stomphia sp. Fairly numerous Jellyfish Water jellyfish Aequoria victoria Moon jellyfish Aurelia aurita Lion's mane jellyfish Cyanea capillata Particuilarly abundant -
<I>Bartholomea Annulata</I>
BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 37(3): 893-904,1985 CORAL REEF PAPER TWO MORE SIBLING SPECIES OF ALPHEID SHRIMPS ASSOCIATED WITH THE CARIBBEAN SEA ANEMONES BARTHOLOMEA ANNULATA AND HETERACTIS LUCIDA Nancy Knowlton and Brian D. Keller ABSTRACT We have described two new species of snapping shrimp, Alpheus polystictus and A. ro- quensis. The new species form part of a complex of four sibling species associated with Caribbean sea anemones, the others being the well-known A. armatus Rathbun, 1900 and the recently describedA. immaculatus Knowlton and Keller, 1983. Alpheus roquensis is found with the anemone Heteractis lucida. while the other three shrimps live with Bartholomea annulata. In laboratory choice experiments, each shrimp species prefers the species of an em- one with which it is typically found in the field, although each can shelter under the other species of anemone. All four species are extremely similar morphologically, being distin- guished largely on the basis of color pattern. The validity of the species is confirmed by the total absence of interbreeding; heterospecific male-female pairs are never found in the field, and it is impossible to force pairings between species in the laboratory. Alpheus polystictus is rare in Jamaica and Haiti, while in Venezuela it is sometimes the dominant species to depths of 10 m. In the areas examined, it has always occurred with at least one of the other two Bartholomea associates. The geographic distribution of A. roquensis is more limited, as there are no reports of alpheids associated with Heteractis lucida, and none has been found with this anemone in Jamaica. -
Protection of Host Anemones by Snapping Shrimps: a Case for Symbiotic Mutualism?
Symbiosis DOI 10.1007/s13199-014-0289-8 Protection of host anemones by snapping shrimps: a case for symbiotic mutualism? AmberM.McCammon& W. Randy Brooks Received: 4 June 2014 /Accepted: 29 July 2014 # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014 Abstract The sea anemone Bartholomea annulata is an eco- especially common in marine environments (Roughgarden logically important member of Caribbean coral reefs which host 1975; Poulin and Grutter 1996;Côté2000). Mutualism; a a variety of symbiotic crustacean associates. Crustacean type of symbiotic relationship in which both partners derive exosymbionts typically gain protection from predation by dwell- some benefit from the association, are also widespread across ing with anemones. Concurrently, some symbionts may provide taxa (Boucher et al. 1982). The benefit(s) of symbiont- protection to their host by defending against anemone predators mediated protection of host species from microbial disease, such as the predatory fireworm, Hermodice carunculata,which parasites, and predators is increasingly evident (Haine 2008). can severely damage or completely devour prey anemones. Protection mechanisms are diverse and include various sym- Herein we show through both field and laboratory studies that biont derived chemical defenses (Haine 2008) as well as anemones hosting the symbiotic alpheid shrimp Alpheus armatus maintenance behaviors (Heil and McKey 2003; Stier et al. are significantly less likely to sustain damage by H. carunculata 2012) and defensive social interactions (Glynn 1980; Brooks than anemones without this shrimp. Our results suggest that the and Gwaltney 1993; Heil and McKey 2003;McKeonetal. association between A. armatus and B. annulata, although com- 2012). Previous studies have demonstrated that some crusta- plex because of the numerous symbionts involved, may be closer ceans will actively defend host cnidarians in their natural to mutualism on the symbiotic continuum. -
Real Damage to the Shrimp. It Is Best to Keep Bongo Shrimp Singly Or in Established Pairs
real damage to the shrimp. It is best to keep Bongo Shrimp singly or in established pairs. PISTOL SHRIMP Pistol shrimp are very different from most other species of shrimp in that they burrow and have the ability to stun and kill their various prey without ever touching them. Most pistol shrimp are in the Alpheidae family and Alpheus genus and are found all over the world. Pistol shrimp get their name from their particular ability to snap their modified larger claw in order to injure prey or predators. The snap is so powerful that it creates a microscopic bubble which shoots out of the claw towards its target. The bubble moves so fast that scientists have recorded the sound to be about 218 Tiger Pistol Shrimp (Alpheus bellulus). Image by Sabine Penisson. decibels, comparable to the sound of a gun-shot. The temperature inside the micro-bubble has been reported to reach approximately 4,700ºC, which is nearly the temperature of the surface of the sun Bongo Shrimp is both a much rarer and more cryptic starfish- (approximately 5,500ºC). The most common species in the trade eating species encountered infrequently in the trade. They are also are Randall’s Pistol Shrimp (Alpheus randalli), Tiger Pistol Shrimp intensely captivating. Bongo Shrimp are orange, black, and white (Alpheus bellulus), Anemone Pistol Shrimp (Alpheus armatus), and and sometimes have tiny blue spots. They grow to about ¾ of an Bull’s Eye Pistol Shrimp (Alpheus soror). A more rarely encountered inch in length and are best kept in nano or pico aquariums. -
Crustacean Symbiosis with Caribbean Sea Anemones Bartholomea Annulata: Occupancy Modeling, Habitat Partitioning, and Persistence
The following supplement accompanies the article Crustacean symbiosis with Caribbean sea anemones Bartholomea annulata: occupancy modeling, habitat partitioning, and persistence Lindsay K. Huebner*, Colin P. Shea, Paul M. Schueller, Ashley D. Terrell, Stephen G. Ratchford, Nanette E. Chadwick *Corresponding author: [email protected] Marine Ecology Progress Series 631: 99–116 (2019) Text S1. Probabilistic equations for the modeling framework The model framework for Hypothesis 3 (hosts persist longer in the presence of anemoneshrimps that are known to provide mutualistic benefits) included nine possible state transitions of anemones (Bartholomea annulata [BA]) and associated shrimps (either Alpheus armatus [AA] or Ancylomenes pedersoni [AP]) at tag locations between census periods: 1) P[zt+1 = 1|zt = 1] = (1-γAA/AP)*(1-εBA) 2) P[zt+1 = 2|zt = 1] = γAA/AP*(1-εBA) 3) P[zt+1 = 3|zt = 1] = εBA 4) P[zt+1 = 1|zt = 2] = εAA/AP*(1-εBA) 5) P[zt+1 = 2|zt = 2] = (1-εAA/AP)*(1-εBA) 6) P[zt+1 = 3|zt = 2] = εBA 7) P[zt+1 = 1|zt = 3] = (1-γAA/AP)*γBA 8) P[zt+1 = 2|zt = 3] = γAA/AP*γBA 9) P[zt+1 = 3|zt = 3] = (1-γBA) An additional set of nine possible state transitions of anemones BA and associated shrimps AA or AP at tag locations between census periods included a new parameter which represents anemone extinction probability in the presence of AA or AP: 10) P[zt+1 = 1|zt = 1] = (1-γAA/AP)*(1-εBA) 11) P[zt+1 = 2|zt = 1] = γAA/AP*(1-εBA) 12) P[zt+1 = 3|zt = 1] = εBA 13) P[zt+1 = 1|zt = 2] = εAA/AP*(1-εBA_AA/AP) 14) P[zt+1 = 2|zt = 2] = (1-εAA/AP)*(1-εBA_AA/AP) -
2017 Gulf of Alaska Bottom Trawl Survey
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-374 doi:10.7289/V5/TM-AFSC-374 Data Report: 2017 Gulf of Alaska Bottom Trawl Survey P. G. von Szalay and N. W. Raring U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center March 2018 NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS The National Marine Fisheries Service's Alaska Fisheries Science Center uses the NOAA Technical Memorandum series to issue informal scientific and technical publications when complete formal review and editorial processing are not appropriate or feasible. Documents within this series reflect sound professional work and may be referenced in the formal scientific and technical literature. The NMFS-AFSC Technical Memorandum series of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center continues the NMFS-F/NWC series established in 1970 by the Northwest Fisheries Center. The NMFS-NWFSC series is currently used by the Northwest Fisheries Science Center. This document should be cited as follows: von Szalay, P. G., and N. W. Raring. 2018. Data Report: 2017 Gulf of Alaska bottom trawl survey. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-AFSC-374, 260 p. Document available: http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/Publications/AFSC-TM/NOAA-TM-AFSC-374.pdf Reference in this document to trade names does not imply endorsement by the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-374 doi:10.7289/V5/TM-AFSC-374 Data Report: 2017 Gulf of Alaska Bottom Trawl Survey P. G. von Szalay and N. W. Raring Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division Alaska Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 7600 Sand Point Way N.E. -
On Methods of Reproduction As Specific Characters
[ 131 ] On Methods of Reproduction as Specific Characters. By T. A. Stephenson, D.Se., Zoology Department, University College, London." " With 11 Figures in the Text. CONTENTS. PAGE Introduction. 131 1. The methods of reproduction prevalent among Actinians 132 2. Data relating to the subject collected by W. E. Evans 137 3. Account of experiments at Plymouth . 139 4. Evidence derived from the literature 154 5. The effect of the mode of reproduction upon the morphology. 157 6. Reproduction in the British species as a whole 158 7. Discussion 159 8. Summary. 166 Literature 167 INTRODUCTION. THE primary aim of this paper is to show tha~ among certain Actinians investigated, the species are sharply differentiated by their divers methods of reproduction; and to point out that the general question of species is one which is worthy of the attention of experimental biologists. Arguments supporting these contentions will be found in Section 7. I should like to make the following acknowledgments. I have received a grant, which has made the work described possible, from the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. I have received interest and advice from Prof. Watson, and invaluable assistance (detailed below) from Mr. W. Edgar Evans. The whole cultural side of the work was carried out by my wife, who also provided Text-Figs. 2 and 3, and the sections from which they were drawn. I am very much indebted also to the Plymouth staff and to Miss M. Delap, of Valencia, and Mr. Ehnhirst, of Millport, for the collection of the large amount of material required. LIBRARY M.B.A. -
Anoxia and Macrofauna Behaviour
EGU Journal Logos (RGB) Open Access Open Access Open Access Advances in Annales Nonlinear Processes Geosciences Geophysicae in Geophysics Open Access Open Access Natural Hazards Natural Hazards and Earth System and Earth System Sciences Sciences Discussions Open Access Open Access Atmospheric Atmospheric Chemistry Chemistry and Physics and Physics Discussions Open Access Open Access Atmospheric Atmospheric Measurement Measurement Techniques Techniques Discussions Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Open Access Biogeosciences Discuss., 10, 14333–14438, 2013 Open Access www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/10/14333/2013/ Biogeosciences Biogeosciences BGD doi:10.5194/bgd-10-14333-2013 Discussions © Author(s) 2013. CC Attribution 3.0 License. 10, 14333–14438, 2013 Open Access Open Access This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal BiogeosciencesClimate (BG). Climate Anoxia and Please refer to the correspondingof the final Past paper in BG if available. of the Past Discussions macrofauna behaviour Open Access Effect of hypoxia and anoxia on Open Access Earth System Earth System B. Riedel et al. Dynamics Dynamics invertebrate behaviour: ecologicalDiscussions Title Page Open Access perspectivesGeoscientific from species to communityGeoscientific Open Access Instrumentation Instrumentation Abstract Introduction level Methods and Methods and Conclusions References 1 1,2 Data Systems 1 1 Data Systems1,3 B. Riedel , T. Pados , K. Pretterebner , L. Schiemer , A. SteckbauerDiscussions, Open Access