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Life Cycle of Alaria Marcianae in Louisiana (Trematoda, Transmammary, Milk-Borne)

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Life Cycle of Alaria Marcianae in Louisiana (Trematoda, Transmammary, Milk-Borne) Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1984 Life Cycle of Alaria Marcianae in Louisiana (Trematoda, Transmammary, Milk-Borne). Wesley Lawrence Shoop Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Shoop, Wesley Lawrence, "Life Cycle of Alaria Marcianae in Louisiana (Trematoda, Transmammary, Milk-Borne)." (1984). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 3994. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/3994 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. 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University Microfilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 8511765 Shoop, Wesley Lawrence LlFE CYCLE OF ALARIA MARCIANAE IN LOUISIANA The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical Col.Ph.D. 1984 University Microfilms International300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified here with a check mark V . 1. Glossy photographs or pages 2. Colored illustrations, paper or print______ 3. Photographs with dark background ^ 4. Illustrations are poor copy_______ 5. Pages with black marks, not original copy_______ 6. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of page______ 7. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages 8. Print exceeds margin requirements_______ 9. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine______ 10. Computer printout pages with indistinct print_______ 11. P a g e (s)_____________lacking when material received, and not available from school or author. 12. P a g e (s)_____________seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows. 13. Two pages numbered______________. Text follows. 14. Curling and wrinkled pages_______ 15. Other________________________________________________ ____________ University Microfilms International fe Cycle of Alaria marcianae in Louisiana A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Zoology and Physiology by Wesley L. Shoop B.S., University of Nebraska, 1977 M.S., Louisiana State University, 1980 August, 1984 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page A b s tr a c t .................................................................................................................................iv Chapter I The Life Cycle of Alaria marcianae ............................................................... 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 2 Materials and Methods ............................................................................................ 4 Results .............................................................................................................................. 6 D iscu ssio n ............................................................................................ 17 Literature Cited .......................................................................................................... 21 Chapter II Transmammary Infection of Paratenic and Definitive Hosts with Alaria marcianae .......................................................................................................... 24 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 26 Materials and Methods ............................................................................................ 27 R e s u l t s .................................................................................................................................27 D isc u ssio n ............................................................................................................................28 Literature Cited .......................................................................................................... 30 Chapter III Migration of Alaria marcianae in Domestic Cats ................................. 31 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 32 Materials and Methods ............................................................................................ 32 R e s u l t s .................................................................................................................................33 D isc u ssio n ............................................................................................................................34 Literature C ited ................................................................... 3/ IX Chapter IV Tegumental Changes of A laria marcianae during migration in the Domestic C a t ........................................................................................................ 38 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 39 M aterials and Methods ......................................................................................... 41 R e s u l t s ........................................................................................................................... 42 D isc u ssio n ...................................................................................................................... 58 Literature Cited ........................................................................................................ 61 V i t a ..................................................................................................................................... 63 i i i ABSTRACT The life cycle of A laria marcianae (Trematoda) as found in Louisiana involves the planorbid snail, He'lisoma trivolvis, as first intermediate host; tadpoles of Rana catesbiana, R. clamitans, R. utricularia, Hyla cinerea, and Gastrophryne carolinensis as second intermediate hosts; a wide range of amphibian, reptilian, and mam­ malian paratenic hosts; and the bobcat (Lynx rufus), domestic cat (Felis domes t ic u s , and juvenile raccoon (Procyon lo to rj as d efin i­ tive hosts. Eggs defecated by the definitive host require an incu­ bation period of approximately 20 days; a free swimming miracidium hatches from each egg and must penetrate a snail within 24 hr or die; the miracidium transforms into a mother sporocyst within the anterior blood sinuses of the snail; mother sporocyst germ cells produce a gener ation of daughter sporocysts which migrate to the snail digestive gland daughter sporocyst germ cells give rise to free swimming cercariae as early as 61 days postexposure to m iracidia; cercariae must penetrate tadpoles within 48 hr or die and those that are successful metamorphose to the mesocercarial stage within 14 days; mesocercariae in tadpoles that are consumed by a paratenic host remain mesocercariae, but if consumed by a d efinitive host they begin a complex 15-day migration involving both direct and circulatory pathways to the lungs where they metamorphose to diplostomula and then a return trip to the small in tes­ tine via the bronchi, trachea,
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