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Yukon River Salmon Season Review for 1998 and Technical Committee Report

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Yukon River Salmon Season Review for 1998 and Technical Committee Report YUKON RIVER SALMON SEASON REVIEW FOR 1998 AND TECHNICAL COMMITTEE REPORT Prepared by THE UNITED STATES/CANADA YUKON RIVER JOINT TECHNICAL COMMITTEE 18-19 November, 1998 Whitehorse, Yukon Territory TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................. .. .................................. .......... .. ....... .. ........ ............ .... .... ............. 1 2.0 1998 COMMERCIAL FISHERY -ALASKA .............. ..................................................... .. .. 2 2.1 Chinook and Summer Chum Salmon .... .. .. ... .. .. ........ ........ ... .. ... .. ..... ..... .. .. ...... ..... .. .. 3 2.2 Fall Chum and Coho Salmon ................................. .... .. ................... ............................. 6 3.0 1998 COMMERCIAL FISHERY - CANADA .... .. ........................................ .. ...................... 8 3.1 Chinook Salmon . .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. ... ...... .. .... .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ... .. ... .. .. .. ... .... .. .... ... .... .. 9 3.2 Fall Chum Salmon ......... ................. .... ........................................ .. .. .. ... ... .............. ...... 13 4.0 1998 SUBSISTENCE, PERSONAL USE, ABORIGINAL, DOMESTIC, AND SPORT FISHERIES ................. ....... .. ... ............................. ................... ..... ....................... 15 4.1 Alaska ......................................................................... ............................................... 15 4.1.1 Subsistence Fishery............... ..................... ........................ .. ............... ..... .... 15 4.1.2 Personal Use Fishery ....................................................... ............................. 16 4.1.3 Sport Fishery ................................................................................................ 16 4.2 Canada......................................................................................................................... 17 4.2.1 Aboriginal Fishery ............................................ .. ................... ................ ... ... 17 4.2.2 Domestic Fishery ............................................. ......................... ................... 18 4.2.3 Sport Fishery ............................. .. .......................................... ........ ...... ........ 18 5.0 STATUS OF SPAWNING STOCKS ............................................... ... ..... ............. ................ 18 5.1 Chinook Salmon .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ... .. .. ... .... .. ... .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 18 5.1.1 Alaska . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 18 5.1.2 Canada ..................... ...................... ............................. .. ..................... ........... 20 5.2 Summer Chum Salmon ..... ..... .................... .................................................. ............... 22 5.3 Fall Chum Salmon ......................................................... ............................................. 24 5.3.1 Alaska .......... .............. ................................................... ..... ... .... .... ............... 24 5.3.2 Canada..................................... .. .............................. .......... .. .. .... .... ............... 25 5.4 Coho Salmon ............................................................................................................... 26 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) 6.0 PROJECT SUMMARIES ................................................. ................................................ .... 26 6.1 Alaska ........................................................................................ ... .. ........ ....... ... ..... .... 26 6.1.1 Yukon River (Alaskan Portion) Comprehensive Salmon Plan .................. 27 6.1.2 Yukon River Chinook Salmon Stock Identification .................................. 27 6.1.3 Yukon River Sonar .................................................................................... 28 6.1.4 Chandalar River Sonar ............................................................................... 30 6.1.5 Tanana River Fall Chum Salmon Tagging ............................................... 31 6.1.6 Upper Yukon River Chum Salmon Genetic Sampling ............................. 31 6.1.7 Yukon River Chum Salmon Ecology Studies ............................................ 32 6.1.8 Toklat River Fall Chum Salmon Restoration Study .................................. 33 6.2 Canada............................................... .. ............................ .......................................... .. 34 6.2.1 Upper Yukon River Salmon Test Fishing (Yukon Territory) .................... 34 6.2.2 Upper Yukon River Tagging Program (Yukon Territory) ......................... 35 6.2.3 Harvest Sampling ....................................................................................... 38 6.2.4 Whitehorse Rapids Fishway Chinook Enumeration .................................. 39 6.2.5 Whitehorse Hatchery Operations ............................................................ ... 40 6.2.6 Fishing Branch River Chum Salmon Weir ................................................ 40 6.2.7 Community Development and Education Program ................................... 41 6.3 Upper Yukon River Fall Chum Salmon Radio Telemetry and Mark-Recapture Project ....................................................................................................................... .. 43 6.4 Restoration and Enhancement Fund Projects ............................................................ 45 ATTACHMENT I. Historical Yukon River Salmon Catch and Escapement Database ATTACHMENT II. Marine Fisheries Information ATTACHMENT III. Update from the Yukon River Panel Executive Secretary on the status ofRestoration and Enhancement Fund projects for 1998 iii 1.0 INTRODUCTION The fall meeting of the Yukon River Joint Technical Committee (JTC) was held in Whitehorse on 18-19 November, 1998. The agenda for the JTC meeting was to prepare the standard season summary report, including a review of the fisheries, stocks, and projects, and to provide a summary on marine fisheries along the lines of that last provided in the November 1993 JTC report. This agenda was cleared with the chief negotiators, and the report is intended for the information of the negotiation delegations. Participants at the meeting included the following persons: Canadian Department ofFisheries and Oceans (DFO) Ian Boyce Gail Faulkner Brian Ferguson Sandy Johnston (co-chair) Sandra Morlacci Pam Vust Contractors (Canada) Mary Ellen Jarvis Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) Louis Barton Dan Bergstrom Jeff Bromaghin Larry Buklis (co-chair) Dan Huttunen United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Monty Millard Tevis Underwood National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) John Eiler Dick Wilmot Tanana Chiefs Conference Kevin Van Hatten Yukon River Panel Hugh Monaghan Attachment I provides the updated historical Yukon River salmon catch and escapement data in graphic and tabular form. Note that the Alaska commercial catch information in Attachment I is in numbers of salmon. As in the past, salmon roe sales have been converted to the number of salmon estimated to have been caught to produce the reported weight of roe sold. Attachment II provides information on marine fisheries. Attachment III is a summary of the status R & E Fund projects for 1998, as provided by the Executive Secretary of the Yukon River Panel. 2.0 1998 COMMERCIAL FISHERY - ALASKA Preliminary estimates of commercial sales totaled 72,230 salmon and 413 pounds of unprocessed salmon roe for the Alaskan portion of the Yukon River drainage in 1998 (Tables 1 and 2). Note that in Table 1, the Alaskan commercial harvest is expressed as the number of salmon sold in the round, pounds of salmon roe sold, and estimated harvest which includes the estimated number of salmon harvested to produce roe sold. Total sales of salmon in the round were composed of 43,618 chinook, 28,611 summer chum, and 1 coho salmon. Roe sales by species totaled 260 pounds for chinook and 153 pounds for summer chum salmon. The total estimated commercial harvest including the estimated harvest to produce roe sold was 72,498 salmon; 43,699 chinook, 28, 798 summer chum, and 1 coho salmon. The 1998 chinook salmon harvest was approximately 66% of the lowest commercial harvest since statehood and the lowest harvest since 1952. The summer chum salmon harvest was the lowest since 1968. No commercial fishing was allowed during the 1998 fall chum season. The 1993 through 1997 five-year-average harvests were as follows: 107,161chinook,425,551 summer chum, 90,975 fall chum, and 28,553 coho salmon. The 1998 Yukon River chinook, summer chum, and fall chum salmon runs were among the weakest on record. These returns were completely unexpected based upon parent year escapements. Changing climate and ocean conditions appear to have impacted salmon survival. Chinook salmon showed signs of stress such as lower average weight than normal and unhealed lamprey marks. A total of 671 permit holders participated in the fishery during 1998 (Table 1), which was 13% below the recent five-year-average and the lowest on record since 1972. A total of 643 permit holders fished in the Lower Yukon Area in 1998 which was 2% below the recent five-year­ average. A total of 28 permit holders fished in the Upper Yukon Area, which was 76% below the recent five-year-average of 118 permits and the lowest on record since 1971. Yukon
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