DOCSLIB.ORG

Report for Research Study on Thai Flowers and Cut Flowers in Japanese Market

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Report for Research Study on Thai Flowers and Cut Flowers in Japanese Market Office of Agricultural Affairs, Tokyo Royal Thai Embassy Report for Research Study on Thai Flowers and Cut Flowers in Japanese Market September 2008 Key Research Net Corporation No.11 Riki bldg., 7-5-34, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0052 Tel 03-5563-0868 Fax 03-3583-5555 [email protected] www.keyresearchnet.jp Contents Summary ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Introduction ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 I. Position of Floricultural Industry in Japan ----------------------------- 6 (1) Flowering plants indispensable to people’s living -------------------------------------- 6 (2) Leveling-off demand for flowering plants in Japan ------------------------------------- 6 (3) Growing import of flowering plants ------------------------------------------------------ 7 (4) Necessity of production cost reduction ------------------------------------------------- 7 II. Flowering plant markets in the world----------------------------------- 8 (1) Producing square measures for flowering plants in the world ------------------------ 8 (2) Production value of flowering plants in the world -------------------------------------- 8 (3) Growing consumption in Western countries and stagnant consumption in Japan -- 8 (4) Retail distribution channels in the world flower markets ------------------------------ 9 III. Productions of cut flowers/flowering plants in Japan ------------- 11 (1) Production square measures for cut flowers and flowering plants in Japan -------- 11 (2) Production value of cut flowers and flowering plants in Japan ---------------------- 11 (3) Future prospect of flowering plant production in Japan ------------------------------ 11 (4) Situation on number of registrations for new varieties of flowers -----------------24 IV. Import of cut flowers and flowering plants in Japan -------------- 28 (1) Laws and regulations applicable to the imports of cut flowers and flowering plants ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------28 1. The Customs Law ----------------------------------------------------------------------------28 2. Plant Protection Law ------------------------------------------------------------------------28 3. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (Washington Convention) ---------------------------------------------------------30 4. Plant Variety Protection Law ---------------------------------------------------------------30 (2) Import of cut flowers and flowering plants ---------------------------------------------30 1. Decreasing domestic production and increasing import --------------------------------46 (3) Plant quarantine on imported cut flowers -----------------------------------------------47 V. Distribution of cut flowers and flowering plants in Japan -------- 50 (1) Distribution of flowering plants ----------------------------------------------------------50 (2) Distribution of cut flowers ----------------------------------------------------------------50 1. Cut flower markets ---------------------------------------------------------------------------50 2. Article characteristics of cut flowers ------------------------------------------------------56 3. Markets for orchid ---------------------------------------------------------------------------59 (3) Wholesale markets for flowering plants -------------------------------------------------68 (4) Wet-type refrigerated distribution by bucket and others ------------------------------68 VI. Market trend and consumption trend of cut flowers and flowering plants in Japan ------------------------------------ 72 (1) Market trend revealed by interviews with industry participants ---------------------72 (2) Market trend revealed by consumer questionnaire survey ----------------------------74 1. Consumer questionnaire at flower shops -------------------------------------------------74 2. Consumer questionnaire survey at flower schools --------------------------------------84 3. Flower consumption trend in Japan revealed by consumer survey ------------------90 (3) Retail market of cut flowers ---------------------------------------------------------------91 (4) Market trend and consumption trend in flower markets in Japan (Conclusion) ---94 (5) Future perspective of flower consumption market in Japan --------------------------94 1. For expanding flower consumption -------------------------------------------------------94 2. For expanding Den-phalae consumption -------------------------------------------------95 3. Introduction of MPS (Flowering plants certification system) -------------------------95 VII. Cut flowers in Thailand ----------------------------------------------- 101 (1) Import of orchids-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 101 (2) About dendrobium phalaenopsis (Den-phalae) --------------------------------------- 103 1. Wholesale price of Den-phalae ---------------------------------------------------------- 103 2. Production of Den-phalae in Thailand and its export to Japan -------------------- 103 3. Import of Thai Den-phalae in Japan ----------------------------------------------------- 109 4. Shipment of Den-phalae from farm to its arrival in Japan -------------------------- 110 5. Import and export cost for Den-phalaes ------------------------------------------------ 111 6. Comments by importers not handling Den-phalae ------------------------------------ 111 7. Consumers’ comments on Thai Den-phalae ------------------------------------------- 112 (3) Other Thai flowers ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 112 (4) Japanese consumers’ comments on Thai flowers in interview-style surveying at shop fronts ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 112 (5) Position of Thai cut flowers in imported cut flower markets in Japan ------------ 112 1. Position of Thai cut flowers in import markets in Japan ----------------------------- 112 2. Competitions between Thai cut flowers and domestic or other countries’ cut flowers ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 112 (6) SWOT of Thai cut flowers -------------------------------------------------------------- 113 1. Strength -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 113 2. Weakness ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 114 3. Opportunities ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 114 4. Threats --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 115 VIII. R&D and technical development for flowering plants in Japan ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 117 (1) National Institute of Floricultural Science (NIFS), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization ---------------------------------------------------------------- 117 1. About NIFS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 117 2. Cultivation and blooming regulation study team -------------------------------------- 118 3. New character flowering plant development study team ----------------------------- 118 4. Flowering plant quality analysis study team ------------------------------------------- 118 5. Development of new variety ------------------------------------------------------------- 118 (2) Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefectural Government ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 120 1. New technique to cut buds for quality preservation ---------------------------------- 120 2. Quality preserving technique for distribution ------------------------------------------ 120 3. Imported flowers and domestic flowers ------------------------------------------------ 120 4. Contrivance for flower production ------------------------------------------------------ 121 IX. Floriculture enterprises in Bangkok and Chiang Mai ----------- 121 X. Advices to Thailand ------------------------------------------------------ 122 (1) Den-Phalae --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 122 1. Refrain from excess supply to Japan ---------------------------------------------------- 122 2. Elimination of short supply period (off-crop season) --------------------------------- 122 3. Invention of new variety of Den-phalae ------------------------------------------------ 122 4. Regular shipment on specific day of week. -------------------------------------------- 122 5. Indication of size --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 123 6. “Let’s present Den-phalae on special day” campaign -------------------------------- 123 (2) Marketing of flowers other than Den-phalae suitable to Japanese market ------- 123 (3) Alternative production center for domestic cut flowers ----------------------------- 124 (4) Seedling supply business ---------------------------------------------------------------- 124 (5) Ornamental plants ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 125 (6) Fragrance flowers ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 125 (7) Thai flower feature article in Japanese flower magazine --------------------------- 125 (8) Advertisement in flower magazine -----------------------------------------------------
Load more

Recommended publications
  • RHS Orchid Hyrid Supplement 2010 April to June
    8 Royal Horticultural Society Corporate Identity Guidelines 03.3 The RHS Master Logo Reproduction Colour Logo Mono Logo QUARTERLY SUPPLEMENT TO THE INTERNAT I ONAL REG is TER OF ORCH I D HYBR I D S The colour logo is the prefered option. Wherever Where effective reproduction of the colour logo (SANDER ’S Lis T ) possible, the Royal Horticultural Society logo should is not possible, the Royal Horticultural Society be reproduced in its colour version, either for print Mono Logos may be used. APRIL – JUNE 2010 REGISTRATIONS or in digital presentation. The preferred mono logo is the Reversed Colour breakdowns for the logo are detailed in the (White) logo. Colour section of these guidelines. Distributed with OrchidThe Review VO LUME 118, NUMBER 1291, SEP T EMBER 2010 NAME PARENTAGENEW O RCHID HYBRID S REGISTERED BY NAME PARENTAGE REGISTERED BY April – June 2010 REGISTRATIONS x Brassocatanthe Ward Bradeen Ctt. [Lc.] Loog Tone x B. nodosa W.Bradeen Supplied by the Royal Horticultural Society as International Cultivar Registration Authority for Orchid Hybrids x Brassocattleya Argentina Bicentenaria FCA C. Peckaviensis x B. nodosa E.A.Flachsland Jose’s Rose C. [Lc.] Love Knot x Bc. [Bl.] Morning Glory J.L.Hermo NAME PARENTAGE REGISTERED BY Tio Super C. Dayana (1966) x B. nodosa Rivera Rios (O/U) (O/U = Originator unknown) Bulbophyllum x Aeridovanda A-doribil Sunset Bulb. carunculatum x Bulb. claptonense B.Thoms Bensiri Aer. falcata x V. denisoniana A.Ngamkiatkhachorn Dark Star Bulb. Wilmar Galaxy Star x Bulb. echinolabium H.Schaible (R.Suwankerd) Jeff’s Houston Connection Bulb. Frank Smith x Bulb.
    [Show full text]
  • An Orchid Handbook Steven J. Royer, Editor Table of Contents
    An Orchid Handbook Steven J. Royer, editor Michiana Orchid Society, 2003 Table of Contents Background Information [2] A Brief History [3] Classification [4] Growing Orchids [10] Commonly Cultivated Orchids and How to Grow Them [11] Awards for Orchids [16] Orchid Genera and Their Show Classes [17] Michiana Orchid Society Schedule of Classes [38] Basic Show Information [42] An Orchid Glossary [45] Orchid Collections in Botanic Gardens: United States and Canada [46] Background Information Orchids get their name from the root word ‘orchis’ which means testicles, in reference to the roots of some wild species especially of the genus Orchis, where the paired bublets give the appearance of the male sex organs. Of all the families of plants orchids are the largest. There are an estimated 750 to 1,000 genera and more than 25,000 species of orchids known today, with the number growing each year! The largest number of species is found in the Dendrobium (1,500 spp), Bulbophyllum (1,500 spp), and Pleurothalis (1,000 spp) genera. They are found on every continent in the world with the largest variety found in Asia. There are even species which use hot springs in Greenland to grow. Orchids can be epiphytic (growing high in the trees), terrestrial (growing in the ground), lithophytes (grow on rocks), and a few are saprophytic (living off decaying vegetation). The family is prized for its beautiful and diverse flowers. The only plant with an economic value to the common man is vanilla, which is a commonly enjoyed flavoring. The hybridizing of these flowers has become a major economic force worldwide for cut flowers and cultivation of plants by hobbyists.
    [Show full text]
  • Orchid Review Supplement Vol
    QUARTERLY SUPPLEMENT TO THE INTERNATIONAL REGISTER AND CHECKLIST OF ORCHID HYBRIDS (SANDER’S LIST) JANUARY – MARCH 2013 REGISTRATIONS Distributed with OrchidThe Review VOLUME 121, NUMBER 1302, JUNE 2013 NEW ORCHID HYBRIDS JANUARy – MarCH 2013 REGISTRATIONS Supplied by the Royal Horticultural Society as International Cultivar Registration Authority for Orchid Hybrids NAME PARENTAGE REGISTERED BY (O/U = Originator unknown) Angraecum Cesária Évora Angcm. distichum x Angcm. podochiloides ¶ J.U.Knecht (L.Glicenstein) Famille Lecoufle Angcm. eburneum x Angcm. longicalcar Vach.& Lec. x Aranda Amanda Reha Zahran Arach. flos-aeris x V. Poepoe S.Y.Alsagoff (I.R.Supeno) BandarayaKU Arach. Maggie Oei x V. Doctor Anek K.C.Au Yong x Ascocenda Catherine Korsant V. [Eua.] sanderiana x Ascda. Fuchs Spotted Cat R.F.Orchids Edwin Alberto V. Thananchai x Ascda. Brighton Sunset E.Pérez (O/U) Liem Tek Siong V. Tanu Gold x Ascda. Butterfly Woon Leng Nurs. Pinnares Choosamai V. Chavananand x Ascda. Suksamran Spots V.Choosamai (P.Yerk-Yen) Sarina Kinney Ascda. Fuchs Key Lime x Ascda. Boris R.F.Orchids x Asconopsis Yih-Cheng Amanda Phal. [Dtps.] Anna-Larati Soekardi x Asctm [V.] miniatum Yih-Cheng Orch. x Brassanthe Emma Claire Bsn. [Bc.] Maikai x Gur. [C.] skinneri R.Randall (A.Easton) x Brassidium Red Rascal Brs. [Ada] keiliana x Onc. [Oda.] Santrix J.Kaeding x Brassocatanthe Queen Rouge Bsn. [Bc.] Maikai x Ctt. [Lc.] Sierra Skies M.Okauchi x Brassocattleya Morning Edition Bc. [Bl.] Morning Glory x C. quadricolor [chocoensis] Claude Hamilton (A.Easton) Bulbophyllum A-doribil Whisper Bulb. lobbii x Bulb. [Cirr.] annamense B.Thoms Banja’s Jester Bulb.
    [Show full text]
  • July – September 2020 REGISTRATIONS
    QUARTERLY SUPPLEMENT TO THE INTERNATIONAL REGISTER AND CHECKLIST OF ORCHID HYBRIDS (SANDER’S LIST) JULY – SEPTEMBER 2020 REGISTRATIONS Distributed with The Orchid Review VOLUME 128, NUMBER 1332, DECEMBER 2020 NEW ORCHID HYBRIDS JULY – SEPTEMBER 2020 REGISTRATIONS A list of new grex names supplied by the Royal Horticultural Society as International Cultivar Registration Authority for Orchid Hybrids NAME PARENTAGE REGISTERED BY (O/U = Originator unknown) x Aeridopsis Chienlung Bouquet Aer. lawrenceae x Phal. equestris Da Yu Liu Chienlung Little Giant Aer. houlletiana x Phal. equestris Da Yu Liu x Aeridovanda Arthur Nathan Queler Aer. houlletiana x V. Motes Ruby Pixie Motes Lemon Jasmin V. [Ascda.] Chaisiri x Aer. houlletiana R.F. Orchids (O/U) Mike TG Orpi Aer. leeana [jarckiana] x V. pumila T.Upchurch (O/U) x Aeristoma Kasorn Dancing Sun Cleis. fuerstenbergianum x Aer. lawrenceae M.Chanyangam Kasorn Rosy Speckles Cleis. fuerstenbergianum x Aer. rosea M.Chanyangam x Andyara* Jumbo Dark Gal. magnicolumna x Fdk. After Dark Jumbo Orchids Jumbo Initial Fdk. Midnight Sky x Gal. juncea Jumbo Orchids Jumbo Saturn Gal. magnicolumna x Fdk. Saturn Sky Jumbo Orchids x Angulocaste Helgrove Angcst. Charlotte x Angcst. Des Varvots E.Young O.F. Hitriere Ang. Isabelle x Angcst. Gigoulande E.Young O.F. Brassavola Little Yaki B. Little Stars x B. cucullata P.T.Lin x Brassocatanthe Carmela Gaglioti Bsn. [Bc.] Maikai x C. aclandiae M.Gaglioti (O/U) Graf’s Merengue Bct. [Blc.] Robert Randall x Ctt. Trick or Treat Plantio La Orquidea Memoria Nyla Jo Whiting Bc. [Blc.] Rustic Spots x Gur. [C.] Guatemalensis G.Su Playa Cautaro Bsn.
    [Show full text]
  • ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ Gülden
    ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ Gülden SANDAL DOKTORA TEZİ DOĞU AKDENİZ BÖLGESİ’NDE YETİŞEN ORKİDELER VE YETİŞME ORTAMI NİTELİKLERİ İLE TEHDİT FAKTÖRLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI PEYZAJ MİMARLIĞI ANABİLİM DALI ADANA, 2009 ÖZ DOKTORA TEZİ DOĞU AKDENİZ BÖLGESİ’NDE YETİŞEN ORKİDELER VE YETİŞME ORTAMI NİTELİKLERİ İLE TEHDİT FAKTÖRLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI Gülden SANDAL ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ PEYZAJ MİMARLIĞI ANABİLİM DALI Danışman : Prof.Dr. Zerrin SÖĞÜT Yıl : 2009, Sayfa: 193 Jüri : Prof.Dr. Zerrin SÖĞÜT : Prof.Dr. İbrahim ORTAŞ : Prof.Dr.K.Tuluhan YILMAZ : DoçDr. Hakan ALPHAN : Yrd.Doç.Dr. Rüya YILMAZ Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesinde 75 doğal orkide taksonu (13 cins) yetişmektedir. Çalışmada Mersinden başlayarak, Kahramanmaraş’a uzanan bölgede (0-1777m) üç yıllık sürede 37 orkide türü saptanmıştır. Kanonik Uyum Analizi sonucunda orkide türlerinin dağılımında en etkili çevresel etkenin yükseklik olduğu belirlenmiştir. Mediterran-montan iklim kuşağına özgü tür belirlenememiş, ancak sadece Submediterran (5 tür) ve Mediterran (9 tür) kuşaklarda yetişen türler belirlenmiştir. Analizlere göre orkideler topraklarda bulunan N, P2O5, K2O, Karbon, Organik madde ve kum oranı ile ışık isteği yönünden seçici olabilmektedir. Üç yıl içinde sırasıyla en fazla yerleşim, insan etkisi, piknik yapma, tarımsal aktiviteler, otlatma, ulaşım aktivitelerinden olumsuz yönde etkilenme olmuş; bazı parseller (% 20.5) yok olmuştur. Koruma alanları, mezarlık ve ormanlar korumada en etkin kullanımlardır. Yaygınlık ve parsellerdeki sıklıkları değerlendirildiğinde
    [Show full text]
  • Unit 3 Orchids and Anthurium
    Cut Flowers UNIT 3 ORCHIDS AND ANTHURIUM Structure 3.0 Objectives 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Orchids and Anthurium 3.2.1 Orchids 3.2.1.1 Classification, Species and Varieties 3.2.1.2 Propagation 3.2.1.3 Cultural Practices and Growth Factors 3.2.1.4 Control of Growth and Flowering 3.2.1.5 Insect-pests, Diseases and Physiological Disorders 3.2.1.6 Harvesting of Flowers and Post Harvest Technology 3.2.2 Anthurium 3.2.2.1 Classification, Species and Varieties 3.2.2.2 Propagation 3.2.2.3 Climate, Media, Cultural Practices and Growth Control 3.2.2.4 Insect-pests and Diseases 3.2.2.5 Post Harvest Technology 3.3 Let Us Sum Up 3.4 Key Words 3.5 Further References 3.6 Answers to Check Your Progress Exercises 3.0 OBJECTIVES After going through this unit, you will be in a position to: explain the classification, various important species and commercial varieties of orchids and anthurium, know the soils and various other substrates suitable for growing these two crops, describe cultural details and propagational methods employed in these two crops, know manipulating flowering, explain various insect-pests, diseases and physiological disorders and their control, and describe stage of flower harvesting, post harvest management and packaging. 3.1 INTRODUCTION Confucius (551-479 B.C.) mentioned orchids in his writings as Chinese used them to decorate their homes. But only in the 17th century the aesthetic interest in orchids started developing. However, for cut flower, in 1913, the Sun Kee Nursery was established in Singapore to produce spray-type orchids of Arachnis, Aranda and Aranthera.
    [Show full text]
  • RHS Orchid Hybrid Supplement 2005 April To
    NEW ORCHID HYBRIDS April - May 2005 REGISTRATIONS Supplied by the Royal Horticultural Society as International Cultivar Registration Authority for Orchid Hybrids NAME PARENTAGE REGISTERED BY (O/U = Originator unknown) ANGULOCASTE Carolyn Sue Lyc. Lucianii x Ang. clowesii S.Pruyn ARANDA Ishbel Manisaki Arach. Ishbel x V. Manisaki Singapore Bot.Gdns ASCOCENDA Crownfox Honey Gold Ascda. Fuchs Sunset x V. denisoniana R.F. Orchids Evelyn Greer Ascda. John De Biase x Ascda. Kay Pancoast Motes Hatos Moonlight V. tessellata x Ascda. Fuchs Harvest Moon R.Hatos Marge Howe Ascda. Thananbarg x V. tessellata R.Howe(Kultana) Memoria Ideologist Laozi V. Emma van Deventer x Ascda. Lani Bird Andrew Peh(A.Peh & Peh Eng Kee) Memoria Isaac Newton Ascda. Ooi Boon Huat x V. denisoniana Andrew Peh(O/U) Memoria Li Quangqian V. Ohuohu x Ascda. Yip Sum Wah Andrew Peh(O/U) Molly Fairwater Ascda. Truman Motes x V. denisoniana Motes Motes Granada Ascda. John De Biase x V. Motes Toledo Blue Motes Oriental Almadina V. Ponpimol x Ascda. Korb Fah Saab(Kultana) Oriental Cigano Ascda. Yellow Pacific x Ascda. Haad Ravai Saab(Kultana) Oriental Fortuna Ascda. Roman Choice x Ascda. Haad Ravai Saab(Kultana) Oriental Luna Beach Ascda. Phairot x V. Udom Gold Saab(Kultana) Oriental Mikasa Ascda. Princess Mikasa x Ascda. Peggy Foo Saab(Kultana) Oriental Vivan Ascda. Yellow Pacific x V. Vivan Saab(Kultana) Redland Cherry Tart Ascda. Princess Mikasa x V. Kasem's Delight R.F. Orchids Thongtong Classic V. denisoniana x Ascda. Malini P.Chindavat ASCODENIA Orchid Joy Sei. mitrata x Asctm. ampullaceum M.E.Thompson(O/U) ASCONOPSIS Julica Phal.
    [Show full text]
  • Floriculture and Landscaping, G.B
    BAPI-006 Floriculture and Indira Gandhi National Open University School of Agriculture Landscaping Block 1 CUT FLOWERS UNIT 1 Major Cut Flower 5 UNIT 2 Iris (Bulbous), Lilium and Narcissus 46 UNIT 3 Orchids and Anthurium 78 UNIT 4 Alstroemeria and Gladiolus 115 UNIT 5 Tuberrose and Tulip 138 Programme and Course Design Committee Dr. K. Prathapan Dr. Harpal Singh Mission Director, State Horticulture Mission-Kerala Principal Scientist (Rtd.),G-20/A, Kiran Garden, (Govt. of Kerala), Sunny Dale, Mead’s lane, Main Najafgarh Road, Uttam Nagar Palayam, Trivandrum-695034 (Kerala) New Delhi Dr. Room Singh Dr. S.V.S. Rathore Principal Scientist (Rtd.),HIG-II/110 B-39, HIG, Near Paschim Crossing, Swarn Jayanti Nagar, Ramghat Road, Shastri Puram Aligarh (Uttar Pradesh) Agra (Uttar Pradesh) Dr. S.S. Sindhu Dr. R.L. Mishra Principal Scientist, Department of Floriculture and C-04, Brahma Apartment,Plot-7 Landscaping, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Sector-7, Dwarka, Pusa,New Delhi-110012 (Delhi) New Delhi Dr. Prabhat Kumar Dr. Neera Kapoor Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Professor, Life Science,School of Science, College of Agriculure, G. B. Pant IGNOU,Maidan Garhi University of Agriculture and Technology, New Delhi Pantnagar, Dist. US Nagar (Uttarakhand) Faculty from School of Agriculture Dr. M.K. Sheikh Prof. B.S. Hansra, Director Head & Professor, Horticulture College of Prof. M.K. Salooja, Professor Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences Dr. S.K. Yadav, Reader P.B. No.-18, Bijapur (Karnataka) Dr. P.K. Jain, Lecturer Dr. P. Vijayakumar, Lecturer Dr. P.K. Jain Er. Mukesh Kumar, Lecturer Professor & Head, Department of Horticulture, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Lakshman Chandra De, Promila Pathak, A.N. Rao, P.K. Rajeevan Commercial Orchids
    Lakshman Chandra De, Promila Pathak, A.N. Rao, P.K. Rajeevan Commercial Orchids Lakshman Chandra De, Promila Pathak, A.N. Rao, P.K. Rajeevan Commercial Orchids Managing Editor: Magdalena Golachowska Language Editor: Emefa Monu Published by De Gruyter Open Ltd, Warsaw/Berlin Part of Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Munich/Boston This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 license, which means that the text may be used for non-commercial purposes, provided credit is given to the author. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/. Copyright © 2014 Lakshman Chandra De, Promila Pathak, A.N. Rao, P.K. Rajeevan ISBN (paperback): 978-3-11-042638-0 ISBN (hardcover): 978-3-11-042638-0 e-ISBN: 978-3-11-042640-3 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche National­­­ bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. Managing Editor: Magdalena Golachowska Language Editor: Emefa Monu www.degruyteropen.com Cover illustration: © Lakshman Chandra De Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Global Orchid Industry 13 2.1 Global Orchid Trade 13 2.2 Trend in Growth 16 2.2.1 Cymbidium 16 2.2.2 Dendrobium 16 2.2.3 Phalaenopsis 17 2.2.4 Other Tropical Orchids 18 3 Biodiversity, Conservation and Bio-piracy of Genetic Resources in India 20 3.1 Region Wise Distribution of Orchids 20 3.1.1 Eastern Himalayas and North-Eastern India 20 3.1.1.1 Endemic Orchids 20
    [Show full text]
  • For Place Name (+ Belonging To). Among the Given Locations, Could Ref
    paanajaervica: for place name (+ belonging to). Among the given locations, could ref. to Paanayarvi (now, a N.Park) of Karelia, n.west Russia, and or Paamajarvi (lake), n.west Finland (?). cf. Orchis angustifolia forma paanajaervica Klinge 1899. syn. Dactylorhiza traunsteineri ssp. curvifolia. pabloi: may be for a person’s name (+ of). From the given location, also ref. Pablo Creek (village), Izabal Prov., Guatemala. cf. Lepanthes pabloi Luer & Béhar 2000. Pabstia: Garay 1973: listed for Guido Frederico João Pabst [+ of] (1914-1980). Famous Brazilian authority, phytologist and author of many works, inc. Orchidaceae Brasilienses which means: “The Orchid family Those of Brazil” (with co-author, Dr.F.Dungs, see dungsii). ex Brazil, eg. Pabstia jugosa. pabstiana: belonging to Pabst, see Pabstia. ex Jalisco state, Mexico, cf. Mormodes pabstiana J.Cardeñas, A.Ramirez & S.Rosillo 1983. Pabstiella: Brieger & Senghas 1976: see Pabstia + respectful suffix. syn. Pleurothallis. pabstii: of Pabst, see Pabstia. ex Brazil, cf. Bulbophyllum pabstii Garay 1973. pacayana: belonging to Pacaya. Ref Volcán Pacaya (volcano), Escuintla Prov., Guatemala. Or, Pacaya (village) of San José Prov., Costa Rica. cf. Pleurothallis pacayana Schltr. pachecoi: listed for Don Mariano Pacheco (+ of) of Guatemala City, Guatemala, cf. Cattleya pachecoi Ames & Correll 1943. Of interest, this species is noted as the national flower of Costa Rica. syn. Cattleya skinneri. pachensis: for place name (+ from), only listed as ex Colombia. May ref. to Pacho (village) of Cundinamarca Department. cf. Telipogon pachensis Rchb.f.1877. Pachiphyllum: Llave & Lex.1825. syn. see Pachyphyllum. Pachites: Lindley 1835: ref. pachytes: thickness. Ref. the thick rostellum. ex S.West Cape Prov., Sth.Africa, eg.
    [Show full text]
  • Sgf Hort Show 2021
    SGF HORT SHOW 2021 ORCHID COMPETITION TO BE HELD AT BURKILL HALL NATIONAL ORCHID GARDEN Saturday 9 October to Sunday 17 October 2021 8.30 a.m. – 7.00 p.m. daily ORGANISED BY DIRECTIONS TO THE VENUE FOR PLANT SUBMISSIONS AND JUDGING From Upper Bukit Timah Road ` Plant Submissions & Judging Venue From Holland Road SHOW SCHEDULE From Holland Road, go to Tyersall Road The entrance is just after Learning Forest RULES OF COMPETITION 1. Participation The orchid plant competition is open to the public. All participants shall abide by competition rules and regulations. 2. Registration ● Exhibitors are encouraged to register their plants online at https://orchidshow.ossea.org.sg ● The Plant Registration App will go live on Tuesday 28 September from 8.00 p.m. ● Exhibitors may enter plants under their name, or under a pseudonym. Corporate or organisational names are allowed, joint entries not allowed. ● Each plant entry will be issued a unique registration number generated online, which must be handwritten in bold by permanent marker pen on a tag firmly secured to the plant and clearly displayed. ● Any query on registration procedures may be sent via email to [email protected]. 4. Submission ● Registered plants must be delivered to the designated Plant Submission Point in the National Orchid Garden (NOG) Nursery at Tyersall Road (see Map). o Professional/Nurseryman exhibitors: Wednesday 6 October and Thursday 7 October, 9.00 a.m. to 4.00 p.m. o Amateur/Hobbyist exhibitors: Thursday 7 October, 9.00 a.m. to 4.00 p.m. ● Registrars will check online registration records to ensure that details entered match the actual plants submitted.
    [Show full text]