Czech Republic - Czechoslovakia

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Czech Republic - Czechoslovakia CZECH REPUBLIC - CZECHOSLOVAKIA COUNTRY READER TABLE OF CONTENTS Carl F. Norden 1940 Consular Officer, Prague George F. Bogardus 1945-1948 Vice Consul, Prague Clai orne Pell 1945-1948 Consular Officer, Prague and Bratislava Harold C. Vedeler 1945-1948 Central Europe Division, Washington, DC 1955-1957 Deputy Chief of Mission, Prague ,ouise Ar.strong 1948-1949 Rotation Officer, Prague Mary Chiavarini 1948-1949 0ecretary to A. assador 1aco s, Prague 0idney 0o er 1949-1950 Consular Officer, Prague Willia. 1. Cunningha. 1950 Cler2, Prague Harry G. Barnes, 1r. 1953-1954 Consular Officer, Prague Willia. A. Crawford 1957-1959 Deputy Chief of Mission, Prague 1onathan Dean 1941-1942 Political7Econo.ic Officer, Prague 8enneth N. 02oug 1947-1949 Co..ercial7Econo.ic Officer, Prague 1ulian M. Nie.c9y2 1947-1949 Air Attach:, Prague 1ohn A. Ba2er, 1r. 1948-1970 Deputy Chief of Mission, Prague Theodore E. Russell 1948-1971 Rotation Officer, Prague Ellen 1ohnson 1949-1973 0ecretary, Prague 0a.uel G. Wise, 1r. 1970-1971 Chief Political7Econo.ic Officer, Prague Ro ert B. Morley 1971-1973 Econo.ic7Co..ercial Officer, Office of C9ech Hungarian and Polish Affairs, Washington, DC Peter 0. Bridges 1971-1974 Chief Political7Econo.ic Officer, Prague Edward Hurwit9 1972-1974 C9ech-Bulgaria Des2 Officer, Washington, DC Ro ert Willia. Farrand 1972-1975 Econo.ic Officer, Prague 1ac2 R. Perry 1974-1974 Deputy Chief of Mission, Prague Ti.othy E. Deal 1975-1974 C9echoslova2ia Des2 Officer, Washington, DC 1ohn M. Evans 1975-1978 Consular Officer, Prague ,eonardo M. Willia.s 1974-1979 Assistant Pu lic Affairs Officer, U0I0, Prague 1oseph R. McGhee 1979-1981 Consular Officer, Prague Patricia D. Hughes 1980-1982 Rotation Officer, Prague Helen Weinland 1982-1984 Political Officer, Prague Willia. P. 8iehl 1982-1984 Pu lic Affairs Officer, U0I0, Prague Ro ert Willia. Farrand 1983-1985 Deputy Chief of Mission, Prague 1ulian M. Nie.c9y2 1984-1989 A. assador, C9echoslova2ia Theodore E. Russell 1988-1991 Deputy Chief of Mission, Prague 1993-1994 A. assador, 0lova2ia 1ohn M. Evans 1991-1994 Deputy Chief of Mission, Prague 1enonne Wal2er 1995-1998 A. assador, C9ech Repu lic ,eonardo M. Willia.s 1995-1998 Pu lic Affairs Officer, U0I0, Prague CARL F. NORDEN Consular Off cer Prague (1940) Carl Norden attended boarding school in Switzerland where he became bilingual in English and German. He served in Yugoslavia during World War II. He then received a Master s in political science from Harvard and worked for City Bank for six years before he entered the Service. He has served in Prague( Paramaribo, Suriname( Havana, Cuba and with ARA. ,his interview was conducted in 1..1 by Ambassador Horace G. ,orbert. Q: You went to Prague by way of the /oreign Service school, did you get some training0 Were you doing the same thing in Prague as in Berlin0 NORDEN: No. I went to Prague because there was a scandal, a visa scandal. Our local staff had een selling visas, I was sent to put a stop to it which I did. Q: I had one of those in Salzburg after the war. Did you leave Prague because Prague was invaded0 NORDEN: It already had been invaded when I went there. The Ger.ans treated the natives quite well, their .otto was give the C9echs plenty of beer and feed the. well and they will .a2e no trou le for us. Which it turned out to e so, the C9echs were not a out to .a2e any trou le of any 2ind. GEORGE F. BOGARDUS V ce Consul Prague (1945-194,) George F. Bogardus was born in Iowa in 1.12 and graduated from Harvard 3niversity in 1.3.. He served in the 3.S. Army in 1.51 and joined the Foreign Service in 1.51. His overseas posts included Canada, Kenya, Czechoslovakia, Algeria, Germany, and 8ietnam. He was interviewed by Charles Stuart 7ennedy on April 10th 1..6. ;: You were in Prague from when to when0 BOGARDU0: Dece. er 5 of A45 until Easter of A48. That was a .ost fantastic period. ;: We want to talk about this, but first, how did you get there0 I mean, this was right after the war. ,hings must have been in pretty bad shape. BOGARDU0: That was an odyssey, it certainly was. ;: Your wife came with you0 BOGARDU0: Bes. We too2 the Queen Eli9a eth fro. HalifaC. It was still a troop ship, asically, ut they allowed so.e civilians on oard. That too2 us to 0outha.pton. Our o Dective was Prague and I had written ahead to the a. assador Eyou had to do this sort of thingF. On the way, I said, GHow are we going to co..unicate with these peopleH They all 2now Ger.an as a second language, but we 2now thatAs very unpopular.G It just happened that C9ech colleagues who had een in their consular service in Montreal, who had .et .e earlier, were going bac2, too. 0o, I wandered around to the. and said, GHow do you say, AIA. an A.erican and I donAt 2now how to spea2 C9ech. Do you spea2 English perhapsHAG GNo, no, of course not.G And then, GFrench .ay eHG GNo, no.G GWell, what a out Ger.anHG GOh, yes.G 0o, they did, they told us. That was very, very useful at that ti.e because in Prague they were gra ing people who loo2ed Ger.anic and putting the. into a little concentration ca.p until they found out whether they were Ger.ans. It wor2ed li2e a char., especially for .y wife, who has so.e Ger.an ancestry, partly, and loo2s pale and blue-eyed and so forth. It wor2ed. When we got there we went through the routine, and invaria ly the C9ech answer was GNatuerlich, Was wollen 0ieHG. ;: Did you take a train0 BOGARDU0: Oh, thatAs right. The train too2 us fro. 0outha.pton to ,ondon. We stayed around several days there in ,ondon. The e. assy was trying to figure out, GHow are we going to get these people off on their wayHG Eventually, they got us on a Channel boat to France and Paris, a train, the boat train. We arrived in Paris and no ody 2new we were co.ing. It was not terri ly easy, ut as soon as they did find out we were there, then the E. assy was very helpful. It was late in Nove. er. When we got word that we were going to fly to Prague, I sent a telegra. to the A.erican e. assy, the a. assador, saying, GHere we are. WeAre going to e there.G Well, the airline said the airplane was not going to fly after all. Two days later, we finally did ta2e off. It was to go to Prague. We put down near Fran2furt and they said, GNo, weAve been diverted. This plane goes to Berlin.G Eventually, they flew us to Prague. 0o, it was a three, four, or five day delay in all this. When we arrived in Prague airport, the only A.erican around was a .an to .eet the courier... Well, he was designated to .eet the courier and trade pouches. He wasnAt going to pay a bit of attention to us. And we didnAt 2now, for eCa.ple, the word for G.enG and Gwo.enG at the airport. And .y wife too2 our little daughter, who was two years old that day into the .enAs roo.. Anyway, thatAs the sort of thing. Eventually, we got a colleague -- we called downtown. We got through to the e. assy to the duty officer, Walter Birge. He was a third secretary li2e .e. Then our odyssey was over, eCcept not entirely because we stayed in the Alcron Hotel for several days, which is one of the two finest hotels, or had been pre-war. But it had just been vacated by the Russian officers who left their lice ehind in the eds E ed ugsF. The .il2 was not in ottles at all, all food was severely rationed. We had a hard ti.e, especially with this little two-year-old daughter. BouAd go across the street to the .il2 store and ta2e your own pail. There was no real cereal even, no real read even. The coffee was ersat9. Well, the e. assy helped us out a it .ore, ut even they couldnAt do so .uch, eCcept the a. assador got us a supply of canned .il2 a few days later. His na.e was ,aurence 0teinhardt fro. New Bor2. He was a non-career a. assador but he was the first a. assadorial or chief of .ission appoint.ent by Fran2lin D. Roosevelt in 1933, who sent hi. as .inister to 0toc2hol.. Then he went to Peru after that, and then to Moscow during the early part of the war, and then they had gone to An2ara and finally to Prague. The 0teinhardts had arrived in early 1une of A45, siC .onths earlier. The chancery is a ig, old uilding, the 0chIn runn Palace that the U.0. govern.ent ought in 1921. ItAs aroque, one of the finest places. ItAs very old and eCtre.ely interesting. We didnAt get settled into our house really until early 1anuary of A44. The e. assy gave us the Ger.an equivalent of a jeep, called a GHano.ag,G which apparently had been to 0talingrad and ac2. The .otor ju.ped fro. eCtra low to high gear. It was entirely open in the winter, and the winter can be quite cold there. But the C9echs were so eager to see foreigners that they i..ediately said, GOh, weAre a western people.
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