Septuagint and Reception Supplements to the Vetus Testamentum
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Septuagint and Reception Supplements to the Vetus Testamentum Edited by the Board of the Quarterly h.m. barstad – r.p. gordon – a. hurvitz – g. knoppers a. van der kooij – a. lemaire – c.a. newsom – h. spieckermann j. trebolle barrera – h.g.m. williamson VOLUME 127 Septuagint and Reception Essays prepared for the Association for the Study of the Septuagint in South Africa Edited by Johann Cook LEIDEN • BOSTON 2009 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Association for the Study of the Septuagint in South Africa. Conference (1st : 2008 : University of Stellenbosch) Septuagint and reception : essays prepared for the Association for the Study of the Septuagint in South Africa / edited by Johann Cook. p. cm. — (Supplements to the Vetus Testamentum, ISSN 0083-5889 ; v. 127) Includes indexes. Collection pf papers delivered at the first Conference of the Association for the Study of the Septuagint in South Africa (ASSSA), Aug. 14-15, 2008 at the University of Stellenbosch. ISBN 978-90-04-17725-3 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Bible. O.T. Greek—Versions—Septuagint—Congresses. 2. Bible. O.T—Criticism, interpretation, etc—Congresses. I. Cook, Johann. II. Title. III. Series. BS744.A86 2008 221.4’8—dc22 2009012559 ISSN 0083-5889 ISBN 978 90 04 17725 3 Copyright 2009 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. printed in the netherlands CONTENTS Preface ..................................................................................................... ix PART ONE: THE SEPTUAGINT THE OLD GREEK TEXT The Prayer of Azariah (DanLXX 3): Sources and Origin......................... 5 JAN JOOSTEN On the Role of External Traditions in the Septuagint ............................. 17 JOHANN COOK Psalms as Magic? P.Vindob. G 39205 Revisited .................................... 37 PETER ARZT-GRABNER Examining the ‘Pluses’ in the Greek Psalter: A Study of the Septuagint Translation Qua Communication .......................................... 45 RANDALL X. GAUTHIER The Greek Translation of Lamentations: Towards a More Nuanced View of its ‘Literal’ Character ................................................. 77 GIDEON KOTZÉ PART TWO: RECEPTION SECTION ONE: THE NEW TESTAMENT Hab 2:3-4 in the Hebrew Tradition and in the Septuagint, with its Reception in the New Testament ..................................................... 101 WOLFGANG KRAUS Quotations from the Minor Prophets in Hebrews ................................. 119 GERT J. STEYN Ancient Egyptian Elements in Hebrews 1? .......................................... 141 ANNETTE EVANS Differences Between the MT and LXX Contexts of Old Testament Quotations in the New Testament: Isaiah 45:18-25 as a Case Study ........................................................... 159 RONALD H. VAN DER BERGH vi CONTENTS SECTION TWO: FROM JOSEPHUS TO AUGUSTINE AND BEYOND The Use of Names as Evidence of the Septuagint as a Source for Josephus’ Antiquities in Books 1 to 5 ................................. 179 LAWRENCE RONALD LINCOLN Wisdom in the Wisdom of Solomon and Cleanthes’ Hymn to Zeus .....195 JOHAN C. THOM The Strange Woman in Proverbs, LXX Proverbs and Aseneth ............ 209 WILLIAM LOADER The Reception of the Susanna Narrative (Dan. XIII) in Early Christianity .............................................................................. 229 CHRIS L. DE WET Augustine, Jerome and the Septuagint .................................................. 245 ANNEMARÉ KOTZÉ SECTION THREE: MISCELLANEA The Treatment of Hapax Legomena in MT Ezekiel, in the LXX Ezekiel and Peshitta: A Comparative Study ................................ 263 HARRY F. VAN ROOY The Role of Metatexts in the Translations of Sacred Texts: The Case of the Book of Aristeas and the Septuagint .......................... 281 JACOBUS A. NAUDÉ Kingship Ideology: A Neglected Element in Aristeas’ Charter Myth for Alexandrian Judaism ....................................................................... 299 JONATHAN MORE “Eunuchs”? The Ancient Background of Eunouchos in the Septuagint ................................................................................... 321 SAKKIE CORNELIUS Reading Judith as Therapeutic Narrative .............................................. 335 PIERRE JOHAN JORDAAN Performing Susanna: Speech Acts and Other Performative Elements in Susanna .............................................................................347 EUGENE COETZER CONTENTS vii Reading Narratives in the Septuagint: A Discourse on Method ........... 361 DICHK M. KANONGE Index of Modern Authors ..................................................................... 383 Index of Subjects .................................................................................. 389 Index of Texts ....................................................................................... 397 PREFACE This collection is partly an outcome of the activities of the newly formed Association f or t he S tudy of t he S eptuagint i n S outh Africa ( ASSSA). This or ganization w as f ormally c onstituted i n Potchefstroom on November 2007 a t a S eptuagint c onference. C urrently t he e xecutive consists o f t he P resident ( Johann Cook); t he s ecretary/treasurer ( Pierre Jordaan) and an additional member (Gert Steyn). On 14 a nd 15 August 2008 another Septuagint congress took place, this time at the University of S tellenbosch, at t he Wallenberg Research C entre, S tellenbosch Institute f or A dvanced S tudies ( STIAS). E ven t hough v arious conferences o n t hings S eptuagintal ha ve be en he ld i n S outh Africa before, this was formally the first conference of ASSSA. Although this was a br oadly S outh A frican i nitiative, J ohann C ook or ganised t he meeting a nd v arious s cholars f rom a broad a ttended t he c ongress. Jan Joosten f rom S trasbourg a nd B ill L oader f rom P erth were i nvited a s keynote speakers, with financial assistance from the National R esearch Foundation (NRF). Peter Arzt-Grabner from Salzburg also attended the conference. The papers delivered on this occasion have been included in the collection. However, a number of essays, including the one by Wolfgang Kraus, were added although they were not read at the Stellenbosch conference. All of t he contributions went t hrough a pe er-review pr ocess. This publication will hopefully contribute towards assisting the newly formed ASSSA t o e xcel i n a dvancing s cholarship i n t his f ield. F uture conferences are already being planned. As editor of this volume I should like to express my gratitude towards various persons and institutions. Firstly, the U niversity of Stellenbosch has cr eated an e nvironment i n w hich primary research can b e successfully executed. The division of Research Development has been extremely helpful in obtaining financial and other assistance, especially as f ar as t he N RF i s co ncerned. T he Dean of t he F aculty o f A rts an d Social Sciences, Prof. Hennie Kotzé, is an astute supporter of research. A word of thanks to him is in order as well as to the Director of STIAS, Prof. Hendrik Geyer, for their words of encouragement at the opening of the conference. Secondly, the NRF sponsored two international guests as well as the expenses related to the organization of the conference. The international company, Shoprite-Checkers, made R10 000 a vailable for the c onference a t t he r ecommendation of L arry Lincoln. T hirdly, t he excecutive committee members Gert Steyn and Pierre Jordaan were very supportive t hroughout t his whole e ndeavour. F ourthly, I a m e specially indebted t o t he pa rticipants a nd t hose w ho m ade t heir c ontributions x PREFACE available f or p ublication. I also t hank Prof. Hans Barstad, t he g eneral editor of Vetus Testamentum Supplementum, for accepting the collection for publ ication i n t his s eries. T he publ ishers Brill, Inc. s hould also receive a word of thanks for publishing this collection. Camila Werner, assistant editor, was very helpful during the whole process of preparing the publ ication. A f inal w ord of a ppreciation goe s t o M r. R andall Gauthier, my doctoral student and research assistant. He did all the hard work of pr eparing t he manuscript f or publ ication. Wi thout hi s professional involvement this volume would not have been possible. The Editor, Johann Cook, Dept of Ancient Studies, University of Stellenbosch, January 2009 PART ONE THE SEPTUAGINT THE OLD GREEK TEXT THE PRAYER OF AZARIAH (DANLXX 3): SOURCES AND ORIGIN Jan Joosten University of Strasbourg 1. Introduction There are basically two aspects to the collection of Greek texts that goes under the name of Septuagint. The Septuagint originated, for the most part, as a translation of a source text. As such it represents a link—and a very important one—in the reception history of the Hebrew-Aramaic scriptures. But the Septuagint very soon turned into