“Luis Villoro” Facultad De Filosofía “Samuel Ramos”
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Why Medical Cannabis Is Still out of Patients' Reach—An Essay by David
BMJ 2019;365:l1903 doi: 10.1136/bmj.l1903 (Published 1 May 2019) Page 1 of 3 Feature FEATURE BMJ: first published as 10.1136/bmj.l1903 on 1 May 2019. Downloaded from ESSAY Why medical cannabis is still out of patients’ reach—an essay by David Nutt Cannabis has been used as a medicine for millennia, writes David Nutt, who charts its relatively recent prohibition, the effect on patients such as Billy Caldwell, and the failure of legal reform to make much difference David Nutt Edmond J Safra professor of neuropsychopharmacology Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK Cannabis is arguably the world’s oldest medicine, with evidence This report was relied on to control cannabis under the 1961 of such use from 3000 year old tombs in Egypt and Siberia. It United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs and had a place in Indian and Chinese medical writing from nearly amazingly persisted as the international medical guidance on as long ago. It didn’t enter the UK until the late 1600s, but by cannabis until 2018, being used as the justification by the World the 1800s it was widely used, sold over the counter as an Health Organization for keeping cannabis a schedule 1 http://www.bmj.com/ alcoholic tincture for problems such as tetanus and seizures. Its controlled drug till then. Even more absurdly, the 1934 report efficacy more broadly became apparent, and the definitive has been lost, so we can’t explore its evidential base or overview was published in the Lancet in 1890 by John Russell reasoning.3 1 Reynolds. -
Drug Harms in the UK: a Multicriteria Decision Analysis
Articles Drug harms in the UK: a multicriteria decision analysis David J Nutt, Leslie A King, Lawrence D Phillips, on behalf of the Independent Scientifi c Committee on Drugs Summary Background Proper assessment of the harms caused by the misuse of drugs can inform policy makers in health, Published Online policing, and social care. We aimed to apply multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) modelling to a range of drug November 1, 2010 DOI:10.1016/S0140- harms in the UK. 6736(10)61462-6 See Online/Comment Method Members of the Independent Scientifi c Committee on Drugs, including two invited specialists, met in a DOI:10.1016/S0140- 1-day interactive workshop to score 20 drugs on 16 criteria: nine related to the harms that a drug produces in the 6736(10)62000-4 individual and seven to the harms to others. Drugs were scored out of 100 points, and the criteria were weighted to Neuropsychopharmacology indicate their relative importance. Unit, Imperial College, London, UK (Prof D J Nutt FMedSci); UK Expert Adviser to the European Findings MCDA modelling showed that heroin, crack cocaine, and metamfetamine were the most harmful drugs to Monitoring Centre for Drugs individuals (part scores 34, 37, and 32, respectively), whereas alcohol, heroin, and crack cocaine were the most harmful and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), to others (46, 21, and 17, respectively). Overall, alcohol was the most harmful drug (overall harm score 72), with Lisbon, Portugal (L A King PhD); heroin (55) and crack cocaine (54) in second and third places. and Department of Management, London School of Economics and Political Interpretation These fi ndings lend support to previous work assessing drug harms, and show how the improved scoring Science, London, UK and weighting approach of MCDA increases the diff erentiation between the most and least harmful drugs. -
Mind Medicine Australia’S Submission to the Royal Commission Into Victoria’S Mental Health System
SUB.0002.0029.0347 Mind Medicine Australia’s Submission to The Royal Commission into Victoria’s Mental Health System 5th July 2019 “...My hope is that we will engage in mature, evidence-based discussions about how best to fund and deploy psychedelic-assisted psychotherapies to augment existing approaches to the treatment of mental illness. I hope that governments will have the courage to put the welfare of their citizens ahead of their fear of controversy ‒ and that our politicians will deploy their considerable skills and positions of influence to nurture a balanced and objective understanding amongst the public.” ‒ Dr Simon Longstaff AO, Leading Australian Ethicist and Executive Director of The Ethics Centre Royal Commission into Victoria’s Mental Health System | Mind Medicine Australia SUB.0002.0029.0347_0002 Level 1, 10 Dorcas St Southbank, VIC 3006 Australia 5th July 2019 The Commissioners The Royal Commission into Victoria’s Mental Health System Dear Commissioners We live in one of the wealthiest countries and we have one of the best medical systems in the world. Yet despite the high calibre of our medical practitioners and institutions, and the enormous associated system costs, we also have one of the highest rates of mental illness in the world, and the situation appears to be getting worse. Simply doing more of the same, or making only incremental changes to the current system, is not going to solve this problem and relieve the suffering of so many Victorians. To create positive change, we have to broaden the tools available to our medical practitioners and qualified therapists in this area. -
Preventing Drug-Related Deaths at Music Festivals: Why the "Rave" Act Should Be Amended to Provide an Exception for Harm Reduction Services
Chicago-Kent Law Review Volume 93 Issue 3 Comparative and Cross-Border Issues in Article 12 Bankruptcy and Insolvency Law 9-18-2018 Preventing Drug-Related Deaths at Music Festivals: Why the "Rave" Act Should be Amended to Provide an Exception for Harm Reduction Services Robin Mohr Chicago-Kent College of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/cklawreview Part of the Criminal Law Commons, Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons, Food and Drug Law Commons, and the Legislation Commons Recommended Citation Robin Mohr, Preventing Drug-Related Deaths at Music Festivals: Why the "Rave" Act Should be Amended to Provide an Exception for Harm Reduction Services, 93 Chi.-Kent L. Rev. 943 (2018). Available at: https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/cklawreview/vol93/iss3/12 This Notes is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons @ IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Chicago-Kent Law Review by an authorized editor of Scholarly Commons @ IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. PREVENTING DRUG-RELATED DEATHS AT MUSIC FESTIVALS: WHY THE “RAVE” ACT SHOULD BE AMENDED TO PROVIDE AN EXCEPTION FOR HARM REDUCTION SERVICES ROBIN MOHR INTRODUCTION Amid flashing lights and pulsing beats, nearly 100,000 electronic dance music fans attended Electric Zoo on New York’s Randall’s Island in August 2013.1 Unfortunately the party was cut short. Following the deaths of two young fans, the final day of the three-day music festival was can- celed at the request of city authorities.2 In separate incidents, Olivia Ro- tondo, a twenty-year-old University of New Hampshire student, and Jeffrey Russ, a twenty-three-year-old Syracuse University graduate,3 died after collapsing at Electric Zoo with high body temperatures.4 Toxicology results revealed that Ms. -
The Rise and Decline of Cannabis Prohibition the History of Cannabis in the UN Drug Control System and Options for Reform
TRANSNATIONAL I N S T I T U T E THE RISE AND DECLINE OF CANNABIS PROHIBITION THE HISTORY OF CANNABIS IN THE UN DruG CONTROL SYSTEM AND OPTIONS FOR REFORM 3 The Rise and Decline of Cannabis Prohibition Authors Dave Bewley-Taylor Tom Blickman Martin Jelsma Copy editor David Aronson Design Guido Jelsma www.guidojelsma.nl Photo credits Hash Marihuana & Hemp Museum, Amsterdam/ Barcelona Floris Leeuwenberg Pien Metaal UNOG Library/League of Nations Archives UN Photo Printing Jubels, Amsterdam Contact Transnational Institute (TNI) De Wittenstraat 25 1052 AK Amsterdam Netherlands Tel: +31-(0)20-6626608 Fax: +31-(0)20-6757176 [email protected] www.tni.org/drugs www.undrugcontrol.info www.druglawreform.info Global Drug Policy Observatory (GDPO) Research Institute for Arts and Humanities Rooms 201-202 James Callaghan Building Swansea University Financial contributions Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP Tel: +44-(0)1792-604293 This report has been produced with the financial www.swansea.ac.uk/gdpo assistance of the Hash Marihuana & Hemp Museum, twitter: @gdpo_swan Amsterdam/Barcelona, the Open Society Foundations and the Drug Prevention and Information Programme This is an Open Access publication distributed under (DPIP) of the European Union. the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which of TNI and GDPO and can under no circumstances be permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction regarded as reflecting the position of the donors. in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. TNI would appreciate receiving a copy of the text in which this document is used or cited. -
Pathways to Drug Policies That Work
TAKING CONTROL: PATHWAYS TO DRUG POLICIES THAT WORK SEPTEMBER 2014 Apu Comes/Folhapress GLOBAL COMMISSION ON DRUG POLICY MEMBERS Kofi Annan Aleksander Kwasniewski chairman of the Kofi Annan Foundation and former former President of Poland Secretary-General of the United Nations, Ghana Ricardo Lagos Louise Arbour former President of Chile former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Canada George Papandreou CONTENTS former Prime Minister of Greece Pavel Bém Foreword from THE CHAIR 04 former mayor of Prague, Czech Republic Jorge Sampaio former President of Portugal EXECUTIVE Summary 06 Richard Branson entrepreneur, advocate for social causes, founder of the George Shultz THE ‘WAR ON DRUGS’ HAS FAILED Virgin Group, cofounder of The Elders, United Kingdom former Secretary of State, United States – NEW approaches ARE EMERGING 10 (honorary chair) Fernando Henrique Cardoso KEY pathways to drug POLICIES that work 16 former President of Brazil (chair) Javier Solana former European Union High Representative for the 2.1 Put people’s health and safety first 18 Maria Cattaui Common Foreign and Security Policy, Spain 2.2 Ensure access to essential medicines and pain control 20 former Secretary-General of the International 2.3 End the criminalization and incarceration of people who use drugs 21 Chamber of Commerce, Switzerland Thorvald Stoltenberg 2.4 Refocus enforcement responses to drug trafficking and organized crime 23 former Minister of Foreign Affairs and UN High Ruth Dreifuss Commissioner for Refugees, Norway 2.5 Regulate drug markets to put governments in control 26 former Minister of Social Affairs and former President of Switzerland Mario Vargas Llosa GLOBAL LEADERSHIP FOR MORE EFFECTIVE AND HUMANE POLICIES 32 writer and public intellectual, Peru Cesar Gaviria References and Notes 37 former President of Colombia Paul Volcker former Chairman of the US Federal Reserve and of the Annex. -
An Economic Analysis of Marijuana Policy Note
University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Connecticut Law Review School of Law 2009 The Need for Change: An Economic Analysis of Marijuana Policy Note Cynthia S. Duncan Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/law_review Recommended Citation Duncan, Cynthia S., "The Need for Change: An Economic Analysis of Marijuana Policy Note" (2009). Connecticut Law Review. 39. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/law_review/39 CONNECTICUT LAW REVIEW VOLUME 41 JULY 2009 NUMBER 5 Note THE NEED FOR CHANGE: AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF MARIJUANA POLICY CYNTHIA S. DUNCAN The Controlled Substances Act was enacted in 1970. Since that time, billions of dollars have been spent enforcing marijuana prohibition and millions of individuals have been arrested. Despite these efforts, there has been little to no success in controlling the availability of marijuana. Federal and state efforts to reduce marijuana production and use through prohibition have been ineffective, and those efforts have been far less than equitably applied across economic and racial divisions. Given the costs associated with prohibition and the meager results obtained thus far, it is time to rethink the national policy of prohibition and consider abandoning the nearly forty-year-old model. Thirteen states have decriminalized possession of small amounts of marijuana for personal use, and many more states have greatly reduced the penalties for possession. Decriminalization carries with it many of the same societal costs associated with total prohibition and does nothing to dismantle illegal trafficking operations. Legalization, on the other hand, would eliminate the criminal supply network and would also remove the direct and collateral sanctions that currently fall so harshly upon minority and low-income marijuana users. -
Using Multi Criteria Decision Analysis to Estimate Relative Drug Risks and Harms
Using multi criteria decision analysis to estimate relative drug risks and harms Prof. David Nutt FMedSci Edmond J Safra Prof of Neuropsychopharmacology Imperial College London Chair ISCD drugscience.org.uk [email protected] Drugs are controlled because … They are harmful They might be harmful The media wants it? … as do the majority of politicians … and some of the public So getting the best estimate of harms is vital But difficult • Poor data on existing controlled drugs because illegality covert use • And less for new entrants to the field, “legal highs” 4 key issues 1. Relative harms of drugs - and comparisons with alcohol and tobacco 2. Comparative harms –v- other risky activities 1. Proportionality of penalties cf health harms 2. Benefit-harm equation of the law? 5 A short history of what we have done First - the 9 point scale 2000 Runciman report: develop the 9 point harm assessment scale Drugs and the Law: Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. Members of Inquiry: Viscountess Runciman (Chairman), A Chesney, R Fortson, J Hamilton PQPM, S Jenkins, A Maynard, L G Murray, DJ Nutt, D O’Connor QPM, G Pearson, I Wardle, B Williams, A Zera. Report published in 2000. 2001-2006 – Home Office ACMD group systematically reviews a range of drugs using this scale Nutt, DJ; King, LA; Saulsbury, W; Blakemore, C [2007] Developing a rational scale for assessing the risks of drugs of potential misuse Lancet 369:1047-1053 PMID: 17382831 The nine point scale Drug harm ranking Nutt et al 2007 Lancet 8 A short history of what we have done First - the 9 point scale Two2000 Runciman problems: report: develop- the 9 point harm assessment scale Drugs and the Law: Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. -
Drug Policies and the Politics of Drugs in the Americas This Is a FM Blank Page Beatriz Caiuby Labate • Clancy Cavnar • Thiago Rodrigues Editors
Drug Policies and the Politics of Drugs in the Americas ThiS is a FM Blank Page Beatriz Caiuby Labate • Clancy Cavnar • Thiago Rodrigues Editors Drug Policies and the Politics of Drugs in the Americas Editors Beatriz Caiuby Labate Clancy Cavnar CIDE Center for Economic Research San Francisco, California and Education USA Aguascalientes Mexico Thiago Rodrigues Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ISBN 978-3-319-29080-5 ISBN 978-3-319-29082-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-29082-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016948206 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. -
The Evolution of Popular Culture and the Legal Treatment of Marijuana
The Chronic 2013: The Evolution of Popular Culture and the Legal Treatment of Marijuana November 12, 2013 Owen M. Panner Inn of Court 1906 - Pure Food and Drugs Act Requires Labeling of Medicine, Including Cannabis Label for Piso's Cure, a cannabis-based medicine, after the passage of the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act Source: antiquecannabisbook.com (accessed Dec. 12, 2011) "[O]n 30 June 1906 President Roosevelt signed the Food and Drugs Act, known simply as the Wiley Act... The basis of the law rested on the regulation of product labeling rather than pre-market approval." US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) "FDA History - Part I," FDA website (accessed Dec. 28, 2011) "An Act for preventing the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or poisonous or deleterious foods, drugs, medicines, and liquors, and for regulating traffic therein, and for other purposes... That for the purposes of this Act an article shall also be deemed to be misbranded... if the package fail to bear a statement on the label of the quantity or proportion of any alcohol, morphine, opium, cocaine, heroin, alpha or beta eucaine, chloroform, cannabis indica, chloral hydrate, or acetanilide, or any derivative or preparation of any such substances contained therein." Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) , National Center for Biotechnology Information website, June 30, 1906 Source: http://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/view.timeline.php?timelineID=000026 1911 - Massachusetts Becomes First State to Outlaw Cannabis "Bolstered by Progressive Era faith in big government, the 1910s marked a high tide of prohibitionist sentiment in America. In 1914 and 1916, alcohol prohibition initiatives would make the state ballot. -
This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G
0 This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: • This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. • A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. • This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. • The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. • When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. 0 1 Doing Drugs Policy: Narratives of Participation in the Development of a Critical Drug Theory Anna Ross PhD, Sociology The University of Edinburgh 2020 1 2 Declaration I declare that this thesis was composed by myself, that the work contained herein is my own except where explicitly stated otherwise in the text, and that this work has not been submitted for any other degree or professional qualification except as specified. Part of this work (a shortened version of chapter 7) has been published as Ross, A. (2020) Drug Users as Stakeholders in Drug Policy. In Buxton, J. Burger, L., Margo, G. (Ed’s) ‘The Impact of Global Drug Policy on Women: Shifting the Needle’, Emerald Publishing. A small percentage (2%) of the work is taken from different academic submissions to the University of Edinburgh. -
Program Book
PROGRAM BOOK THE 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NIGHTLIFE, SUBSTANCE USE AND RELATED HEALTH ISSUES May 28-30, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS WELCOME 1 CONFERENCE SCHEDULE 2-6 PARALLEL SESSIONS 8-16 POSTERS 17 INFORMATION FOR ATTENDEES 18 WELCOME TO CLUB HEALTH SAN FRANCISCO 2013 WELCOME TO CLUB HEALTH SAN FRANCISCO 2013, THE 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NIGHTLIFE, SUBSTANCE USE AND RELATED HEALTH ISSUES. THIS EVENT MARKS ALMOST FIFTEEN YEARS OF INTERNATIONAL CLUB HEALTH CONFERENCES, AND THE FIRST TIME SUCH AN EVENT HAS HAPPENED IN THE AMERICAS. We’re EXCITED TO BRING EXPERTS FROM EUROPE, AUSTRALIA AND ASIA TOGETHER WITH THOSE FROM NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA FOR THE FIRST TIME. We’re hosting Club Health in San Francisco not just because the city is known for its diverse and vibrant nightlife, but also because it is among the best in North America for implementing progressive, health-oriented nightlife policies that arise out of a process that keeps the whole community in mind. Our local partners – the San Francisco Public Health Department, the California Music and Culture Association and the San Francisco Entertainment Commission – are a sign of that commitment. The people in San Francisco have realized something that more cities across the United States, Canada and even Mexico and South America are starting to see: that a city’s nightlife powers its economic engine, and gives it a particular quality that makes it compelling to visit. Nightlife has value for its business and cultural aspects, but it also presents significant health and safety