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Table 7: Species Changing IUCN Red List Status (2014-2015)
IUCN Red List version 2015.4: Table 7 Last Updated: 19 November 2015 Table 7: Species changing IUCN Red List Status (2014-2015) Published listings of a species' status may change for a variety of reasons (genuine improvement or deterioration in status; new information being available that was not known at the time of the previous assessment; taxonomic changes; corrections to mistakes made in previous assessments, etc. To help Red List users interpret the changes between the Red List updates, a summary of species that have changed category between 2014 (IUCN Red List version 2014.3) and 2015 (IUCN Red List version 2015-4) and the reasons for these changes is provided in the table below. IUCN Red List Categories: EX - Extinct, EW - Extinct in the Wild, CR - Critically Endangered, EN - Endangered, VU - Vulnerable, LR/cd - Lower Risk/conservation dependent, NT - Near Threatened (includes LR/nt - Lower Risk/near threatened), DD - Data Deficient, LC - Least Concern (includes LR/lc - Lower Risk, least concern). Reasons for change: G - Genuine status change (genuine improvement or deterioration in the species' status); N - Non-genuine status change (i.e., status changes due to new information, improved knowledge of the criteria, incorrect data used previously, taxonomic revision, etc.); E - Previous listing was an Error. IUCN Red List IUCN Red Reason for Red List Scientific name Common name (2014) List (2015) change version Category Category MAMMALS Aonyx capensis African Clawless Otter LC NT N 2015-2 Ailurus fulgens Red Panda VU EN N 2015-4 -
Download PCN Magnolia Multisite
Institution name plant NAMES for inventory::print name Accession # Provenanc Quantity Plant source The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore acuminata College 2005-355UN*A G 1 Unknown The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore acuminata College 2001-188UN*A U 1 Unknown The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore acuminata College 96-129*A G 1 Princeton Nurseries The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore acuminata College var. subcordata 99-203*B G 1 Longwood Gardens The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore acuminata College var. subcordata 93-206*A G 1 Woodlanders Nursery The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore acuminata College var. subcordata 'Brenda'2004-239*A G 1 Pat McCracken The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore 'Anilou' College 2008-202*A G 1 Pleasant Run Nursery The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore 'Anilou' College 2008-202*B G 1 Pleasant Run Nursery The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore 'Ann' College 68-165*A G 1 U. S. National Arboretum, Washington, DC The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore 'Banana College Split' 2004-237*A G 1 Pat McCracken The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore 'Betty' College 68-166*A G 1 U. S. National Arboretum, Washington, DC The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore 'Big Dude' College 2008-203*A G 1 Pleasant Run Nursery The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore ×brooklynensis College 'Black Beauty' 2008-204*A G 1 Pleasant Run Nursery The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore ×soulangeana College 'Jurmag1' 2010-069*A G 1 Pleasant Run Nursery The Scott Arboretum atMagnolia Swarthmore -
The Red List of Magnoliaceae Revised and Extended
The Red List of Magnoliaceae revised and extended Malin Rivers, Emily Beech, Lydia Murphy & Sara Oldfield BOTANIC GARDENS CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL (BGCI) is a membership organization linking botanic gardens in over 100 countries in a shared commitment to biodiversity conservation, sustainable use and environmental education. BGCI aims to mobilize botanic gardens and work with partners to secure plant diversity for the Published by Botanic Gardens Conservation International Descanso House, 199 Kew Road, well-being of people and the planet. BGCI provides the Secretariat for Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3BW, UK. the IUCN/SSC Global Tree Specialist Group. © 2016 Botanic Gardens Conservation International ISBN-10: 1-905164-64-5 ISBN-13: 978-1-905164-64-6 Reproduction of any part of the publication for educational, conservation and other non-profit FAUNA & FLORA INTERNATIONAL (FFI) , founded in 1903 and the purposes is authorized without prior permission from world’s oldest international conservation organization, acts to conserve the copyright holder, provided that the source is fully acknowledged. threatened species and ecosystems worldwide, choosing solutions that are sustainable, are based on sound science and take account of Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes human needs. is prohibited without prior written permission from the copyright holder. Recommended citation: Rivers, M., Beech, E., Murphy, L. and Oldfield, S. (2016). The Red List of Magnoliaceae - revised and extended. BGCI. Richmond, UK. AUTHORS Malin Rivers is the Red List Manager at BGCI. THE GLOBAL TREES CAMPAIGN (GTC) is undertaken through a Emily Beech is a Conservation Assistant at BGCI. partnership between BGCI and FFI. GTC’s mission is to prevent all tree Lydia Murphy is the Global Trees Campaign Intern species extinctions in the wild, ensuring their benefits for people, wildlife at BGCI. -
Wilson Magnolias in Britain
Wilson Magnolias in Britain by B. F. Savage The British have been collectors of prompted by the editor of Maottotta, plants for centuries. By the beginning to try and trace some of the original of the 19th century the plant enthusiast plants from wild seed. was well established. Britain' s The first of the Wilson magnolias to worldwide interests ensured a steady reach Britain, were of course those stream of new plant material sent home discovered and collected as seeds for by administrative officials and traders. the nursery firm of Veitch during By the end of that century, Antwerp E. Wilson's first two journeys to China in Pratt, traveller, ornithologist and 1899 and 1903. Subsequently he entomologist, in the introduction to his collected for the Arnold Arboretum in book, "To" the Snows of Tibet Through 1906 and 1910, whence a few of these China, wrote: "So little of this great magnolia seedlings were sent direct to world of ours is new to the explorer or Kew Gardens in 1911. By 1913 Prof. naturalist, that it becomes more Charles Sargent. director of the Arnold difficult year by year to find unworked Arboretum, had found that the new fields. "' When E.H. Wilson was about young magnolias were not hardy at to leave on his first trip to China, Boston and he arranged to send them specifically to obtain seeds of the Dove all to the French nursery firm of Leon Tree, Davidia invoiurraia, Sir Harry Chenault at Orleans, for propagation Veitch is reported to have said to him: and distribution. -
The Progressive and Ancestral Traits of the Secondary Xylem Within Magnolia Clad – the Early Diverging Lineage of Flowering Plants
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER Acta Soc Bot Pol 84(1):87–96 DOI: 10.5586/asbp.2014.028 Received: 2014-07-31 Accepted: 2014-12-01 Published electronically: 2015-01-07 The progressive and ancestral traits of the secondary xylem within Magnolia clad – the early diverging lineage of flowering plants Magdalena Marta Wróblewska* Department of Developmental Plant Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wrocław, Poland Abstract The qualitative and quantitative studies, presented in this article, on wood anatomy of various species belonging to ancient Magnolia genus reveal new aspects of phylogenetic relationships between the species and show evolutionary trends, known to increase fitness of conductive tissues in angiosperms. They also provide new examples of phenotypic plasticity in plants. The type of perforation plate in vessel members is one of the most relevant features for taxonomic studies. InMagnolia , until now, two types of perforation plates have been reported: the conservative, scalariform and the specialized, simple one. In this paper, are presented some findings, new to magnolia wood science, like exclusively simple perforation plates in some species or mixed perforation plates – simple and scalariform in one vessel member. Intravascular pitting is another taxonomically important trait of vascular tissue. Interesting transient states between different patterns of pitting in one cell only have been found. This proves great flexibility of mechanisms, which elaborate cell wall structure in maturing trache- ary element. The comparison of this data with phylogenetic trees, based on the fossil records and plastid gene expression, clearly shows that there is a link between the type of perforation plate and the degree of evolutionary specialization within Magnolia genus. -
Bahan Ajar Botani Phanerogamae Magnoliphyta
BAHAN AJAR BOTANI PHANEROGAMAE MAGNOLIPHYTA SUBCLASS MAGNOLIIDAE 8. PAPAVERALES 7. RANUNCULALES 4.ARISTOLOCHIALES 5. ILLICALES 3. PIPERALES 2. LAURALES 1. MAGNOLIALES 6.NYMPHAEALES DUGAAN HUBUNGAN EVOLUSI ANTAR ORDO PADA MAGNOLIIDAE KARAKTERISTIK SUBCLASSIS MAGNOLIIDAE TUMBUHAN BERKAYU ATAU HERBA BUNGA HYPOGIN, TEPAL KADANGKADANG--KADANGKADANG JELAS, KADANG SULIT DIBEDAKAN ANTARA SEPAL DAN PETAL. KADANG BUNGA TEREDUKSI DAN TANPA PERHIASAN STAMEN UMUMNYA BANYAK DAN TERSUSUN SENTRIPETAL POLEN BINUKLEAT, UNIAPERTURA GYNOCIUM UMUMNYA APOKARP, PLASENTA MARGINAL/BASALIS. YANG SINKARP PLASENTANYA PARIETAL/AXILAR OVULUM BITEGMIK, CRASSINUCELATE JARINGAN PEMBULUH DENGAN SCALARIFORM ATAU PERFORASI SEDERHANA ENDOSPERMA ADA ATAU SERINGKALI TIDAK ADA EMBRIO KECIL ZAT KIMIA : BENZIL-BENZIL-ISOQUINOLINEISOQUINOLINE APORHINE ALKALOIDS TERDIRI DARI 8 ORDO, 39 FAMILI, 12.000 SPECIES MAGNOLIALES, LAURALES, RANUNCULALES 2/3 DARI JUMLAH SPECIES CIRI ORDO DARI SUBCLASSIS MAGNOLIIDAE MAGNOLIALES LAURALES PIPERALES NYMPHEALES RANUNCULALES BUNGA HYPOGIN PERYGINUS/ HYPOGIN HYPOGIN HYPOGIN EPYGIN POLEN TRIAPERTURE TRIAPERTURE UNIAPERTURA BIAPERTURE UNIAPERTURA PADA NELUMO UNIAPERTURA STIPULA STIPULAADASTIPULA ADA STIPULA STIPULA ADA/TIDAK ADA/TIDAK ADA/TIDAK BUNGA BUNGA KECIL BUNGA PETAL ADA, SEPAL LEBIH DARI TUNGGAL/ADA KEBANYAKAN TEREDUKSI / KEBANYAKAN 2 YANG BERUPA DALAM TANPA PERHI- STAMENODIUM PERBUNGAAN PERBUNGAAN ASAN DLM TIDAK PUNYA PERBUNGAAN HERBA, TANAMAN PROTOPINE EMBRIO BESAR SPADIX AIR BIJI DENGAN TIDAK ADA OVULUM PLACENTASI KEBANYAKAN EMBRIO -
Plant Hunting in Asia by Andrew Bunting
Feature Article Plant Hunting in Asia By Andrew Bunting ver since I was a little boy, Plant Exploration Consortium). Many EI enjoyed being outdoors, hiking and other institutions have wild-collected exploring. In my adult life, I got hooked centric collections such as the Mt. Cuba on ecotourism, which took me to Peru, Center, which collects plants native to the Brazil, Panama, Costa Rica, Tanzania, and Piedmont. The Morton Arboretum near Madagascar. Through these trips, I started Chicago focuses on hardy woody plants. to develop a passion for birding and The University of California Botanical began taking birding trips to Honduras, Garden at Berkeley has strong collections Ecuador, Tunisia, Gambia, and Uruguay. of California natives, cycads, and As Curator at the Scott Arboretum, magnolias. Quarryhill Botanical Garden I have also had the opportunity to do in Glen Ellen, California, specifically Seed collecting in Taiwan a fair amount of international travel to collects plants native to Asia. conferences in Belgium, South Korea, and In 2010, I was contacted by Bill and M. wilsonii. Magnolia sargentiana Chile. But for many years, I have dreamed McNamara of Quarryhill Botanical is listed as “vulnerable” by the IUCN of plant hunting somewhere wild and Garden to see if I were interested in and Magnolia wilsonii is listed as off the beaten path. To me, this seemed participating in a planned seed-collecting “endangered” with scattered populations like the ultimate travel adventure. I have trip to Sichuan, China in October of that in Sichuan, Yunnan, and western Ghizhou. read many of the accounts of the famous same year. -
Enter the Entry Gardens the PLANTS of the PACIFIC CONNECTIONS GARDEN, PHASE 1
Enter the Entry Gardens THE PLANTS OF THE PACIFIC CONNECTIONS GARDEN, PHASE 1 B Y N IALL D UNNE AND R ANDALL H ITCHIN his fall sees the historic grand opening borders—ranging from 80 to 180 feet wide and of Phase 1 of the Pacific Connections from 40 to 60 feet deep—are beautiful botan - T Garden, sited at the south end of ical vignettes, offering previews-in-miniature of Washington Park Arboretum. Phase 1 includes what is to come in the Garden’s five Pacific the Garden’s central welcoming meadow and Rim immersion forests. interpretive shelter and the main trail leading They are also wonderful exhibits in and of from the meadow through the future Cascadia themselves, featuring not only choice speci - forest. For plant lovers, the main draw will be mens of the temperate climate species from the series of intricately designed entry gardens Chile, China, New Zealand, Australia and surrounding the meadow. The five mixed Cascadia that will populate the forests—but ABOVE: Iconic plants in the new entry gardens of the Pacific Connections Garden. Clockwise from upper left: New Zealand’s Phormium tenax (New Zealand flax), Cascadia’s Thuja plicata (Western red cedar), Chile’s Araucaria araucana (monkey puzzle tree) and Australia’s Eucalyptus species (gum tree). Center: China’s Ginkgo biloba (maidenhair tree). Fall 2008 3 also ravishing, cultivated selections of these (Malvaceae) that grows up to 24 feet tall and species. Like the Witt Winter Garden and the produces long, glittering, deeply incised Japanese Garden, the new entry gardens can leaves that are light green. -
Magnolia Wilsonii Bill Mcnamara, Executive Director Quarrytu'll Botanic Garden
Nagnolia Issue 88 Endangered: Magnolia wilsonii Bill McNamara, Executive Director Quarrytu'll Botanic Garden My choice for a favorite tree seems to change almost weekly, sometimes even daily. But one has currently held my impatient mind longer than normal. It is a tree with so many admirable qualities that I think everyone should try to find a place for it in their gardens. Though widely available in the nursery trade, it is also a tree that may soon be extinct in the wild. Imagine a tree that blooms after the danger of frosts, has pristine white 12-centimeter-wide flowers with brilliant crimson-red stamens that hang like bright lantern, has an elegant rich fragrance, doesn't get too big, and is named after the indefatigable plant hunter, E. H. Wilson. Of course, I'm thinking of Magnolia milsanii (Finet & Gagnep. ) Rehder, an endangered tree native to China occurring in western Sichuan, northern Yunnan and western Guizhou. Habitat loss and fragmentation have caused its num- bers in the wild to decrease to a dangerously low level. It is found in mixed forests between 1900 and 3300 meters elevation. Much of its habi- tat, once one of the richest temperate forests on earth, has been reduced to small areas too steep to clear for agriculture. Another threat to its sur- vival in the wild is demand for its bark due to its medicinal qualities. It is frequently used as a substitute for the bark of Magnolia officinalis. For centuries in China bark from several magnolia species has been used to clear head and chest congestion and for intestinal relief, while flower buds of many species have been used for sinus congestion. -
Phylogenetic Relationships in Magnoliaceae Subfam
Plant Syst. Evol. 242: 33–47 (2003) DOI 10.1007/s00606-003-0055-5 Phylogenetic relationships in Magnoliaceae subfam. Magnolioideae: a morphological cladistic analysis J. Li1 and J. G. Conran2 1Kunming Division of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China 2Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, Environmental Biology, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Adelaide, South Australia Received December 13, 2001; accepted February 19, 2003 Published online: November 26, 2003 Ó Springer-Verlag 2003 Abstract. Relationships within Magnolioideae morphological data are needed to improve phylo- have been the subject of persistent debate; the genetic signal. Our results support the molecular main point at issue mostly being the disposition of analyses in suggesting that Magnolia is best con- tribes, genera and sections. A morphological cla- sidered to be a large and diverse genus, but that the distic analysis of the subfamily using Liriodendron relationships between the taxa within it require as the out-group showed that Magnolioideae con- more detailed clarification, with more extensive sisted of a large basal polytomy, but with five sampling and a combined molecular and morpho- resolved and variously supported clades. Manglie- logical approach being needed. tia constituted a clade with sect. Rytidospermum of Magnolia subg. Magnolia. Kmeria and Woonyoun- Key words: Angiosperm, Magnoliaceae, Magno- gia formed a pair. Pachylarnax, Parakmeria and lioideae, Phylogeny, morphology, relationships, Manglietiastrum were grouped together, and sect. Magnolia. Splendentes and Dugandiodendron also formed a pair. The largest and best supported clade consisted Introduction of Magnolia subg. Magnolia sects. Oyama and Maingola, Magnolia subg. -
Trees and Shrubs for Streambank Landscapes in Western Washington
Trees and Shrubs for Urban/Suburban Streambank Landscapes in Western Washington The following is a list of trees and shrubs with the potential to be used in residential landscapes along Clarks Creek and other waterways in western Washington. The list was developed to expand the pallet of plants available for streamside landscaping. To create the expanded list, existing lists from a number of sources recommending plants for streamside restoration were examined and plants deemed appropriate for residential landscapes were incorporated into this list. The list was then extensively supplemented with a wide range of new plants, particularly adding types that homeowners would be likely to encounter in local nurseries. Trees and shrubs on this list can be planted by Urban/Suburban homeowners to enhance or restore the developed riparian landscape. Stream or creek restoration is the process of repairing waterways that have been denuded, damaged by erosion, or overrun by invasive plants like Himalayan blackberry. The primary goals are cleaner water, stream bank stabilization, and improved habitat for aquatic species and wildlife. Using plants can help with these goals and also help to filter pollutants from storm water run-off before entering the water supply. This plant list was created to help homeowners and landscapers select trees and shrubs that will do well for streambank and creek restoration in residential areas. The list includes Washington State native and non-native plants and clones that are suitable for creek or stream bank planting. Clones are plants that have been selected for specific desirable qualities of landscape importance and these qualities are maintained through vegetative propagation. -
Magnolias at the Scott Arboretum of Swarthmore College
Magnolias at the Scott Arboretum of Swarthmore College Andrew Bunting rom the inception in 1929 of the Scott of plants—and one that has stood the test of Arboretum of Swarthmore College, the time—has been the magnolia collection. Early Fmission has remained the same—to col- on, new magnolia accessions were received from lect and display outstanding ornamental plants, notable nurseries, organizations, and individu- specifically trees, shrubs, and vines. Since als including Bobbink and Atkins, Rutherford, 1931, one of our most prominent collections New Jersey; Andorra Nursery, Chestnut Hill, tum RE o RB ott A C S Part of the magnolia collection at the Scott Arboretum. Magnolias at the Scott Arboretum 3 tum RE o RB ott A C S The original type specimen of Magnolia virginiana var. australis ‘Henry Hicks’ still thrives at the Scott tum RE Arboretum (above). This cultivar bears fragrant, creamy o white flowers and cold-hardy evergreen foliage (right). RB ott A C Pennsylvania; the Arnold Arboretum; Hicks S Nursery, Long Island, New York; and Highland Park, Rochester, New York. At the time, John Wister, first director of the Scott Arboretum, was developing the campus based on an evolutionary or phyloge- netic tree, so all genera in a plant family were planted together, and hence all species in a fam- ily resided together. the magnolia collection housed both species and cultivars alike. In 1931, Wister began to get regular deliver- ies of many plants, especially magnolias, from Henry Hicks of Hicks Nursery on Long Island, New York. on may 8th, 1934, Hicks brought Wister a gift of plants which included 61 acces- sions representing 3,143 individual plants.