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Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora Colorado National Monument

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Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora Colorado National Monument National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora Colorado National Monument Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/231 ON THE COVER Wedding Canyon, Colorado National Monument, Colorado. National Park Service/Ron Young. Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora Colorado National Monument Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/231 Authors Tim Hogan Nan Lederer University of Colorado Museum Herbarium 218 UCB Boulder, CO 80309 Walter Fertig Moenave Botanical Consulting 1117 W. Grand Canyon Dr. Kanab, UT 84741 Editing and Design Alice Wondrak Biel Northern Colorado Plateau Network National Park Service P.O. Box 848 Moab, UT 84532 July 2009 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Program Center publishes a range of reports that ad- dress natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Ser- vice and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Technical Report Series is used to disseminate results of scientifi c studies in the physical, biological, and social sciences for both the advancement of science and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series provides contributors with a forum for displaying com- prehensive data that are often deleted from journals because of page limitations. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifi cally credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and de- signed and published in a professional manner. This report received informal peer review by subject- matter experts who were not directly involved in the collection, analysis, or reporting of the data. Views, statements, fi ndings, conclusions, recommendations, and data in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily refl ect views and policies of the National Park Service, U.S. Depart- ment of the Interior. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorse- ment or recommendation for use by the National Park Service. This report is available from the Northern Colorado Plateau Network website, http://www.nature. nps.gov/im/units/NCPN, as well as at the Natural Resource Publications Management web site, http:// www.nature.nps.gov/publications/NRPM. Please cite this publication as: Hogan, T., N. Lederer, and W. Fertig. 2009. Annotated checklist of vascular fl ora: Colorado National Monument. Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2009/231. National Park Ser- vice, Fort Collins, Colorado. NPS 119/100179, July 2009 ii Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Colorado National Monument Contents Figures ...........................................................................................................................................v Tables .............................................................................................................................................v Abstract .......................................................................................................................................vii Acknowledgements .....................................................................................................................ix 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................1 1.1 Background and justifi cation .......................................................................................................1 1.2 Objectives ......................................................................................................................................1 1.3 Study area .....................................................................................................................................1 1.3.1 History and setting ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.3.2 Geology ......................................................................................................................................... 2 1.3.3 Vegetation ..................................................................................................................................... 2 1.3.4 Previous botanical studies ............................................................................................................ 2 2 Methods .....................................................................................................................................7 3 Results ........................................................................................................................................9 3.1 Summary of the fl ora of Colorado National Monument ...........................................................9 3.2 Life form and biogeographic diversity ......................................................................................10 3.3 Plants of special concern ............................................................................................................10 3.4 Non-native species and noxious weeds .....................................................................................10 4 Discussion ................................................................................................................................13 5 Literature Cited .......................................................................................................................15 Appendices ..................................................................................................................................19 Appendix A. Confi rmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Colorado National Monument, organized by family and scientifi c name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes. ..................................................................................................................................................21 Appendix B. Potential (unconfi rmed) vascular plant taxa of Colorado National Monument. ....65 Appendix C. Rejected (falsely reported or questionable) vascular plant taxa of Colorado National Monument. .........................................................................................................................83 Appendix D. Confi rmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Colorado National Monument, organized by life form with ecological notes. ............................................................88 Contents iii Figures Figure 1.3.1. Location of Colorado National Monument, Mesa County, Colorado. ......................................... 3 Figure 1.3.4. Increase in the number of plant taxa confi rmed as present in Colorado National Monument by decade, 1930–2005. ...................................................................................................... 6 Tables Table 1.3.4. Chronology of plant-collecting efforts in Colorado National Monument. ................................... 5 Table 3.1. Statistical summary of the fl ora of Colorado National Monument. .................................................9 Table 3.3. Plant species of conservation concern from Colorado National Monument. ................................ 11 Table 3.4. Noxious weed species of Colorado National Monument. .............................................................. 12 Contents v Abstract In 2005–2006, the National Park Service’s Northern Colorado Plateau Network received funding to develop a revised checklist of the vascular plant fl ora of Colorado National Monument. This entailed a thorough review of existing literature, re-examination of specimens from the Colorado National Monument herbarium and other state and national museum collections, and additional fi eld work to corroborate unverifi ed species reports and locate new species. Based on this study, 467 vascular plant taxa have been confi rmed or reliably reported as occuring in the monument (414 are known from vali- dated herbarium specimens and 53 from unvouchered literature reports). Another 46 species formerly considered part of the monument fl ora have now been shown to be falsely reported. The current fl ora of Colorado National Monument represents about 15% of the known fl ora of Colorado, and 25% of the fl ora of the Colorado Plateau ecoregion within Colorado. Although no plant taxa are listed as threatened or endangered, at least 20 are considered species of concern by the state’s natural heritage program. Introduced plants make up 14% of the monument fl ora (66 species), of which 15 species are considered noxious weeds by the State of Colorado. Further surveys in Colorado National Monument are likely to fi nd additional new species (at least 296 taxa are known from similar habitats outside the monument boundary), especially among late-fl owering, weedy, or wetland taxa. Contents vii Acknowledgements We would like to thank the following individuals for their assistance with this project. Dr. Angela Evenden, botanist and former leader of the Northern Colorado Plateau Network (NCPN) program in Moab, Utah, was an active proponent of this project and helped secure funding for fi eld work and her- barium studies in 2006. Libby Nance (former NCPN database specialist) and Margaret Beer (former NCPN database
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