DOCSLIB.ORG

Mite Composition Comprising a Predatory Mite and Immobilized

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mite Composition Comprising a Predatory Mite and Immobilized (19) TZZ _ __T (11) EP 2 612 551 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.: of the grant of the patent: A01K 67/033 (2006.01) A01N 63/00 (2006.01) 05.11.2014 Bulletin 2014/45 A01N 35/02 (2006.01) (21) Application number: 12189587.4 (22) Date of filing: 23.10.2012 (54) Mite composition comprising a predatory mite and immobilized prey contacted with a fungus reducing agent and methods and uses related to the use of said composition Milbenzusammensetzung mit einer Raubmilbenart und mit einem Pilzreduktionsmittel in Kontakt gekommenes immobilisiertes Beutetier sowie Verfahren und Verwendungen im Zusammenhang mit dem Einsatz dieser Zusammensetzung Composition d’acariens comprenant des acariens prédateurs et proie immobilisée mise en contact avec un agent réducteur de champignon et procédés et utilisations associés à l’utilisation de ladite composition (84) Designated Contracting States: EP-A1- 2 380 436 WO-A1-2007/075081 AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO • CROSS J V ET AL: "EFFECT OF REPEATED PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR FOLIAR SPRAYS OF INSECTICIDES OR FUNGICIDES ON ORGANOPHOSPHATE- (30) Priority: 04.01.2012 US 201261583152 P RESISTANT STRAINS OF THE ORCHARD PREDATORY MITE TYPHLODROMUS PYRI ON (43) Date of publication of application: APPLE", CROP PROTECTION, ELSEVIER 10.07.2013 Bulletin 2013/28 SCIENCE, GB, vol. 13, 1 January 1994 (1994-01-01), pages 39-44, XP000917959, ISSN: (73) Proprietor: Koppert B.V. 0261-2194, DOI: 10.1016/0261-2194(94)90134-1 2651 BE Berkel en Rodenrijs (NL) • SCHMIDT H.W. AND ZELLER B.: "Felduntersuchungen zur Wirkung von Euparen (72) Inventors: Multi und Euparen auf das System Spinnmilbe- • Bolckmans, Karel, Jozef, Florent Raubmilbe", PFLANZENSCHUTZ- B-2320 Hoogstraten (Wortel) (BE) NACHRICHTEN BAYER, vol. 51, no. 1, 1998, • Van Houten, Yvonne, Maria pages 37-50, XP009166088, 2671 PG Naaldwijk (NL) • AMIN MUHAMMAD M. ET AL: "Response of the • Van Baal, Adelmar, Emmanuel predatory mite Phytoseiulus Macropilis to 2614 TH Delft (NL) pesticides and Kairomones of three spider mite • Timmer, Radbout species and non-prey food", FLORIDA 2593 P Den Haag (NL) ENTOMOLOGIST, vol. 92, no. 4, 2009, pages • Morel, Damien Marc 554-562, XP009166109, 44100 Nantes (FR) • CUTHBERTSON A G S ET AL: "The impact of fungicides to control apple scab (Venturia (74) Representative: van Oeffelt, Abraham inaequalis) on the predatory mite Anystis Patentwerk B.V. baccarum and its prey Aculus schlechtendali PO Box 1514 (apple rust mite) in Northern Ireland Bramley 5200 BN ’s-Hertogenbosch (NL) orchards", CROP PROTECTION, ELSEVIER SCIENCE, GB, vol. 22, no. 9, 1 January 2003 (56) References cited: (2003-01-01), pages 1125-1130, XP009166087, ISSN: 0261-2194 Note: Within nine months of the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent in the European Patent Bulletin, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to that patent, in accordance with the Implementing Regulations. Notice of opposition shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). EP 2 612 551 B1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) EP 2 612 551 B1 Description [0001] The present invention in general relates to the field of biological crop protection by use of predatory mites. More particularly the present invention relates to a mite composition comprising a predatory mite and a prey. Such a mite 5 composition is suitable for rearing the predatory mite and/or for crop protection using the predatory mite. [0002] The use of predatory mites for biological crop protection is becoming increasingly popular in agriculture and horticulture. Currently predatory mites from the families Phytoseiidae, Laelapidae, Macrochelidae, Parasitidae, Tydeidae, Cheyletidae, Cunaxidae, Erythraeidae, Stigmaeidae are employed or have been suggested to combat pests such as phytophagous mites, thrips and whiteflies. A prerequisite for commercial use of predatory mites as biological pest control 10 agents is their availability for an acceptable price. For this the possibility to efficiently produce them in large quantities is of importance. [0003] During the past years methods for mass rearing have considerably improved in view of the availability of rearing preys (or alternatively referred to as rearing hosts) for predatory mites. Many of these newly available rearing preys are Astigmatid mites. For example reference may be made to the international applications of Koppert B.V., WO2006/057552, 15 WO2006/07110 and WO2007/075081. In addition WO2008/015393, WO2008/104807 and EP2232986 disclose addi- tional combinations of Phytoseiid predators and Astigmatid prey mite species. Such Astigmatid prey mite species have been found to be also suitable for mass-rearing of predatory species from other taxa such as predatory Mesostigmatid mite species, predatory Prostigmatid mite species. [0004] Despite these developments in the availability of rearing preys, certain limitations in the mass rearing of predatory 20 mites do remain and mass rearing would benefit from improvement of such limitations. [0005] For example the living rearing preys may also be a source of stress for the predatory mites due to their motional activity, their metabolic activity, which produces metabolic gasses and metabolic heat. These effects may in particular be very considerable at high population densities. In addition live prey individuals may produce and secrete certain chemicals, such as alarm pheromones that may be disturbing for predatory mites and may even act as a defense against 25 attacking predators. These density dependent stress factors may result in a slower population development rate and a lower maximum population density of the predatory mites due to a lower oviposition rate, a lower survival of immature and a shorter longevity of adult predatory mites. Suitable inventive solutions to eliminate or mitigate these stress factors will allow to achieve higher rearing population densities and a fast population development rate. [0006] EP 2 380 436 discloses a mite composition comprising a population of a Phytoseiid predatory species and a 30 population of an Astigmatid species and a method for rearingPhytoseiid predatory mites using the composition. The composition is characterized in that the population of the Astigmatid species is not alive. Not alive meaning that there are no live Astigmatid individuals at all (the prey is entirely inert). [0007] The composition of EP 2 380 436 and its use in rearing a Phytoseiid predator may potentially reduce or eliminate disturbing stress factors induced by live prey. However, while possibly solving certain problems, this composition also 35 has major disadvantages. The inventors of the present invention have found that dead Astigmatid mites are also a good fungal substrate and promote fungal growth. This problem is not recorded in the prior art. Extensive fungal growth negatively influences the population development rate and maximum population density of predatory mites. [0008] The present invention is based on the finding that adequate fungal reduction is required when predatory mites are reared on a population of rearing preys comprising a substantial number of dead or otherwise immobilized prey 40 individuals and that adequate fungal reduction may be obtained with a fungus reducing agent comprising a fungus reducing mite population selected from a mycophagous mite species or an antifungal exudates producing mite species. [0009] The invention therefore according to a first aspect relates to a mite composition comprising: - a population of individuals of a predatory mite species; 45 - a food source for the predatory individuals comprising individuals of at least one Astigmatid mite species, wherein at least a fraction of the Astigmatid individuals is immobilized; - optionally a food source suitable for Astigmatid individuals; - and optionally a carrier for the individuals of the mite species; 50 wherein immobilized Astigmatid individuals, and optionally the optional food source for Astigmatid individuals, are con- tacted with a fungus reducing agent comprising a fungus reducing mite population selected from a mycophagous mite species or an antifungal exudates producing mite species, said fungus reducing mite population preferably being selected from Astigmatid species. [0010] The composition comprises individuals of a population of a predatory mite. As is known to the skilled person 55 Phytoseiid predatory mites have their natural habitat on plants where they prey on pest organisms (insects and mites). They may be isolated from their natural habitats as described by de Moraes et al., 2004. Predatory mites that are particularly useful in the present invention may be selected from predatory Mesostigmatid mite species, predatory Prostig- matid mite species, in particular: 2 EP 2 612 551 B1 - Mesostigmatid mite species selected from: i) Phytoseiidae such as from: 5 - the subfamily of the Amblyseiinae, such as from the genus Amblyseius, e.g. Amblyseius andersoni, Am- blyseius aerialis, Amblyseius swirskii, Amblyseius herbicolus or Amblyseius largoensis, from the genus Euseius e.g. Euseius finlandicus, Euseius hibisci, Euseius ovalis, Euseius victoriensis, Euseius stipulatus, Euseius scutalis, Euseius tularensis, Euseius addoensis, Euseius concordis, Euseius ho or Euseius citri, from the genus Neoseiuluse.g. Neoseiulus barkeri, Neoseiulus californicus, Neoseiulus cucumeris, Neo- 10
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Biological Control of Thrips and Whiteflies by a Shared Predator: Two Pests Are Better Than One
    UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Biological control of thrips and whiteflies by a shared predator: Two pests are better than one Messelink, G.J.; van Maanen, R.; van Steenpaal, S.E.F.; Janssen, A. Published in: Biological Control DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.10.017 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Messelink, G. J., van Maanen, R., van Steenpaal, S. E. F., & Janssen, A. (2008). Biological control of thrips and whiteflies by a shared predator: Two pests are better than one. Biological Control, 44(3), 372-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.10.017 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (http://dare.uva.nl) Download date: 27 Aug 2019 Author's personal copy Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Biological Control 44 (2008) 372–379 www.elsevier.com/locate/ybcon Biological control of thrips and whiteflies by a shared predator: Two pests are better than one Gerben J.
    [Show full text]
  • PHYTOSEIIDAE Berlese Phytoseiini Berlese, 1916A: 33
    PHYTOSEIIDAE Berlese Phytoseiini Berlese, 1916a: 33. Gamasidae Banks et al., 2004: 56 (in part) AMBLYSEIINAE Muma Amblyseiinae Muma, 1961a: 273. Amblyseiini Schuster & Pritchard, 1963: 225. Macroseiinae Chant, Denmark & Baker, 1959: 808; Muma, 1961a: 272; Muma et al., 1970: 21. Phytoseiinae Chant, 1965a: 359 (in part). Ingaseius Barbosa, Rocha & Ferla Barbosa et al., 2014: 91. Serraseius Moraes, Barbosa & Castro Moraes et al., 2013: 314. AFROSEIULINI Chant & McMurty Chant & McMurtry, 2006a: 20; 2006b: 13. Afroseiulus Chant & McMurtry Chant & McMurtry, 2006a: 20 AMBLYSEIINI Muma Amblyseiinae Muma, 1961a: 273. Amblyseiini Muma, Wainstein, 1962b: 26; Chant & McMurtry, 2004a: 178; 2006b: 17; 2007: 68. Macroseiinae Chant et al. 1959, 1959: 808. AMBLYSEIINA Muma Chant & McMurtry, 2004a: 179; 2007: 69. Amblyseiella Muma Amblyseiella Muma, 1955a: 266; Muma, 1961a: 286; Muma et al., 1970: 54; Karg, 1983: 301; Chant & McMurtry, 2004a: 187. Amblyseius (Amblyseiella), Pritchard & Baker, 1962: 291. Amblyseius (Amblyseiellus), Wainstein, 1962b: 14. Amblyseius Berlese Amblyseius Berlese, 1914: 143; Garman, 1948: 16; Muma, 1955a: 263; Chant, 1957b: 528; Kennet, 1958: 474; Muma, 1961a: 287; Gonzalez & Schuster, 1962: 8; Pritchard & Baker, 1962: 235; van der Merwe & Ryke, 1963: 89; Chant 1965a; Corpuz & Rimando, 1966: 116; van der Merwe, 1968: 109; Zack, 1969: 71; Muma et al., 1970: 62; Chant & Hansell, 1971: 703; Denmark & Muma, 1972: 19; Tseng, 1976: 104; Chaudhri et al., 1979: 68; Karg, 1982: 193, Schicha, 1987: 19, Schicha & Corpuz-Raros, 1992: 12; Denmark & Muma, 1989: 4; Chant & McMurtry, 2004a: 188; 2007: 73. Amblyseius (Amblyseius), Karg, 1983: 313. Amblyseius (Amblyseialus), Karg, 1983: 313. Amblyseius (Amblyseius) section Amblyseius, Wainstein, 1962b: 15. Amblyseius (Amblyseius) section Italoseius Wainstein, 1962b: 15.
    [Show full text]
  • Mesostigmata No
    16 (1) · 2016 Christian, A. & K. Franke Mesostigmata No. 27 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1 – 41 Acarological literature .................................................................................................................................................... 1 Publications 2016 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Publications 2015 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Publications, additions 2014 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 17 Publications, additions 2013 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Publications, additions 2012 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Publications, additions 2011 ......................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mite Fauna (Arachnida: Acari) on Peach Cultivars in Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
    Journal of Plant Studies; Vol. 1, No. 2; 2012 ISSN 1927-0461 E-ISSN 1927-047X Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Mite Fauna (Arachnida: Acari) on Peach Cultivars in Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil Sônia Maria Nalesso Marangoni Montes1, Adalton Raga2, Aparecida Conceição Boliani3, Jeferson Luiz de Carvalho Mineiro2 & Pedro César dos Santos3 1 Sao Paulo State Agency of Technology Agribusiness-APTA, Regional Alta Sorocabana, Route Raposo Tavares km 561, Box 298, Presidente Prudente, SP 19015-970, Brazil 2 APTA- Biological Institute, Avenue Heitor Penteado km 3, Box 70 Campinas, SP 13001-970, Brazil 3 Paulist State University-UNESP, Campus de Ilha Solteira, Avenue Brasil, 56, Ilha Solteira, SP 15385-000, Brazil Correspondence: Sônia Maria Nalesso Marangoni Montes, Sao Paulo State Agency of Technology Agribusiness-APTA, Regional Alta Sorocabana Route Raposo Tavares km 561, Box 298, Presidente Prudente, SP 19015-970, Brazil. Tel: 55-18-3222-0732. E-mail: [email protected] Received: March 15, 2012 Accepted: May 20, 2012 Online Published: September 1, 2012 doi: 10.5539/jps.v1n2p173 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jps.v1n2p173 Research supported by FAPESP (Processo nº05/55649-5) Abstract This study aimed to determine the mite diversity, population dynamics and to conduct a fauna analysis in plantations from four peach varieties established in the municipality of Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil. The mite fauna from ‘Jóia 4’, ‘Ouromel 3’, ‘Regis’ and ‘Rei da conserva’ cultivars over the rootstock Okinawa were determined from December 2002 to February 2006. Samples composed by 72 leaves were collected fortnightly from upper, middle and lower third of each tree and four trees per cultivar.
    [Show full text]
  • Appl. Entomol. Zool. 45(1): 89-100 (2010)
    Appl. Entomol. Zool. 45 (1): 89–100 (2010) http://odokon.org/ Mini Review Psocid: A new risk for global food security and safety Muhammad Shoaib AHMEDANI,1,* Naz SHAGUFTA,2 Muhammad ASLAM1 and Sayyed Ali HUSSNAIN3 1 Department of Entomology, University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi, Pakistan 2 Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Punjab, Pakistan 3 School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG UK (Received 13 January 2009; Accepted 2 September 2009) Abstract Post-harvest losses caused by stored product pests are posing serious threats to global food security and safety. Among the storage pests, psocids were ignored in the past due to unavailability of the significant evidence regarding quantitative and qualitative losses caused by them. Their economic importance has been recognized by many re- searchers around the globe since the last few years. The published reports suggest that the pest be recognized as a new risk for global food security and safety. Psocids have been found infesting stored grains in the USA, Australia, UK, Brazil, Indonesia, China, India and Pakistan. About sixteen species of psocids have been identified and listed as pests of stored grains. Psocids generally prefer infested kernels having some fungal growth, but are capable of excavating the soft endosperm of damaged or cracked uninfected grains. Economic losses due to their feeding are directly pro- portional to the intensity of infestation and their population. The pest has also been reported to cause health problems in humans. Keeping the economic importance of psocids in view, their phylogeny, distribution, bio-ecology, manage- ment and pest status have been reviewed in this paper.
    [Show full text]
  • Consumption and Oviposition Rates of Six Phytoseiid Species Feeding on Eggs to the Cassava Green Mite Mononychellus Tanajoa
    602 Florida Entomologist 84(4) December 2001 CONSUMPTION AND OVIPOSITION RATES OF SIX PHYTOSEIID SPECIES FEEDING ON EGGS OF THE CASSAVA GREEN MITE MONONYCHELLUS TANAJOA (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE) MARIA E. CUELLAR1, PAUL-ANDRE CALATAYUD2, ELSA L. MELO1, LINCOLN SMITH3 AND ANTHONY C. BELLOTTI1 1International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Cassava Entomology Program, AA 6713, Cali, Colombia 2International Research and Development—International Center for Tropical Agriculture Cassava Entomology Program, AA 6713, Cali, Colombia 3USDA, Western Regional Research Center, Biological Control of Weeds, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA ABSTRACT In Africa the cassava green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa, is an important pest of cassava, Manihot esculenta. Phytoseiid mites from South America are being evaluated as potential biological control agents of this alien pest. We evaluated six phytoseiid (Acari: Phytoseiidae) species, collected in South America: Euseius ho, Typhlodromalus aripo, Typhlodromalus tenuiscutus, Neoseiulus californicus, Neoseiulus idaeus, and Galendromus annectens. Their effectiveness as a biological control agent was estimated by measuring rates of prey con- sumption and oviposition in relation to prey density under optimal laboratory conditions. Prey consumption by E. ho, T. aripo and T. tenuiscutus continued increasing linearly up to the highest density of prey evaluated (200 prey eggs) for a maximum of 93, 101 and 59 prey in 24 h. For the other predators, prey consumption levelled off at prey density of 30 or more. Maximum daily consumption was 40, 35 and 18 eggs for N. californicus, N. idaeus and G. an- nectens, respectively. Except for T. tenuiscutus, daily fecundity appeared to reach a plateau at the prey densities tested. Higher maximum daily oviposition rates were registered for T.
    [Show full text]
  • A Description of the Male of Cocoseius Elsalvador Denmark and Andrews (Acari: Phytoseiidae: Typhlodrominae) Elisângela A
    A description of the male of Cocoseius elsalvador Denmark and Andrews (Acari: Phytoseiidae: Typhlodrominae) Elisângela A. dos S.F. Melo, Manoel G.C. Jr Gondim, Gilberto J. De Moraes, Aníbal R. Oliveira To cite this version: Elisângela A. dos S.F. Melo, Manoel G.C. Jr Gondim, Gilberto J. De Moraes, Aníbal R. Oliveira. A description of the male of Cocoseius elsalvador Denmark and Andrews (Acari: Phytoseiidae: Ty- phlodrominae). Acarologia, Acarologia, 2019, 59 (1), pp.129-133. 10.24349/acarologia/20194317. hal-02015478 HAL Id: hal-02015478 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02015478 Submitted on 12 Feb 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Acarologia A quarterly journal of acarology, since 1959 Publishing on all aspects of the Acari All information: http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/acarologia/ [email protected] Acarologia is proudly non-profit, with no page charges and free open access Please help us maintain this system by encouraging your institutes to subscribe to the print version of the journal and by sending us your high quality research on the Acari.
    [Show full text]
  • Potential of the Blattisocius Mali (Acari: Blattisociidae) Mite As Biological Control Agent of Potato Tuber Moth (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Stored Potatoes
    Potential of the Blattisocius mali (Acari: Blattisociidae) mite as biological control agent of potato tuber moth (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in stored potatoes ABSTRACT: Potato tuber moth (PTM)Phthorimaea operculella(Lep.: Gelechiidae) is one of the pest species affecting Solanaceae worldwide. It can cause up to 80% of losses in potato cultivation in fieldas well asdamage up to 100% of tubersduring storage. Blattisocius (=Typhlodromus) mali (Acari: Ascidae),a predatory mite,was studied as a potential biological control agent of PTM. An acceptance assay of PTM eggs as prey was carried out. Additionally, two assays have been conducted under microcosm conditions, which assess the densities of mite releases at two levels of PTM infestation. The results showed that B. malifemale adults accept PTM eggs as prey, and they cause a mortality rate 89.63±2.47%, 48 hours later. In addition to this, under microcosm conditions with potato tubers, we found that when the level of infestation of the pest was low, the effectiveness of the mite control varied from 72.50±28.50 to 100%, twenty-eight days later, according to the release rate of mites. Under high levels of infestation, the effectiveness of biological control of the pest varied from 53.36±25.55 to 88.85±7.17%, also according to the release rate of the mites. The possible use of biological control with B. mali of PTM, in different types of potato storages, are analysed and discussed. INTRODUCTION Pests and diseases cause pronounced losses in potato crops (Solanum tuberosum L.).Current reductions in the harvest are caused byapproximately:40.3% pathogens and viruses; 21.1% animal pests and 8.3% weeds (Oerke 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • Life Styles of Phytoseiid Mites: Implications for Rearing And
    Items for Consideration Life Styles of Phytoseiid Mites: • Evolution of feeding habits of the Phytoseiidae. • Some associations of Phytoseiidae with different foods and Implications for Rearing and Biological plants (life styles). Control Strategies • Relationships of life styles to rearing and biological control (examples). • Some challenges at the species level in relation to biological control. J. A. McMurtry • Summary and Conclusions Professor Emeritus, Univ. of California, Riverside Present address: Sunriver, Oregon, USA Neoseiulus ellesmerei- ancestral morphology Hypothetical pathways of evolution of phytoseiid food habits Neo Soil or bark Foliage (“protophytoseiid”) “Generalists” Ancestral morphol. Specific predators “Generalists” Derived morphol. Derived morphol. ? (multiple events) (multiple events) Pollen Highly specialists specific Amblyseius phillipsi- highly derived morphology (After Chant & McMurtry 2004) Life Styles of Phytoseiid Mites (McMurtry & Croft 1997; Croft et al. 2004) • Highly specific on Tetranychus spp. (Type I ) • Broadly specific, tetranychids most favorable (Type II) • Generalists; wide array of foods acceptable (Type III) • Specialized pollen feeders, general predators (Type IV) Highly specialized predators of Tetranychus spp. (Type I) • Very high reproductive potential • Live in spider mite colonies • Very long median dorsal (j-J) setae • Plant habitat less important than prey species • Require spider mites for mass production Subfamily Amblyseiinae- Phytoseiulus- 4 spp., all highly Phytoseiulus persimilis derived, unrelated to other groups. P. persimilis brought fame to the Phytoseiidae in the 1960’s. Phytoseiulus persimilis Phytoseiulus persimilis (after Chant & McMurtry 2006) Courtesy R. Cloid Glasshouse cucumber production Releasing Phytoseiulus persimilis in strawberry field Bean plants infested with Tetranychus pacificus “Washing machine” for harvesting spider mites Shaking spider mite eggs onto rearing unit Techniques developed by G.
    [Show full text]
  • Balaustium Mite Balaustium Medicagoense Click for Html Version
    Balaustium mite Balaustium medicagoense click for html version Summary: Balaustium mites are emerging as a significant crop pest in agricultural areas across southern Australia. They are the largest of the pest mites commonly found in broadacre crops. This species has a high natural tolerance to many insecticides and will generally survive applications aimed at other mite pests. Other strategies that are not reliant on chemicals, such as early control of summer weeds, should be considered. Occurrence: Balaustium mites are broadly distributed across the southern coastal regions of Australia. They are sporadically found in areas with a Mediterranean climate in Victoria, New South Wales, South Australia and Western Australia. They have also been found in Tasmania although their exact distribution is unclear. Balaustium mites are typically active from March to November, although mites can persist on green feed during summer if available. The known distribution of Balaustium mites in Australia (Source: cesar) Description: All mites are wingless and have four pairs of legs, no external segmentation of the abdomen and individuals appear as a single body mass. Balaustium mites grow to 2 mm in length and have a rounded red-brown body with eight red-orange legs. They are easily distinguished from other crop mites as they are much larger in size. Adults are covered with short stout hairs and are slow moving. They have distinctive pad like structures on their forelegs. Newly hatched mites are bright orange with six legs and are only 0.2 mm in length. Adult Balaustium mite (Source: cesar) Accurate identification of mite species is important because management is species specific.
    [Show full text]
  • Unexpected Effects of Local Management and Landscape Composition on Predatory Mites and Their Food Resources in Vineyards
    insects Article Unexpected Effects of Local Management and Landscape Composition on Predatory Mites and Their Food Resources in Vineyards Stefan Möth 1,* , Andreas Walzer 1, Markus Redl 1, Božana Petrovi´c 1, Christoph Hoffmann 2 and Silvia Winter 1 1 Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; [email protected] (A.W.); [email protected] (M.R.); [email protected] (B.P.); [email protected] (S.W.) 2 Julius Kühn-Institute (JKI), Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Geilweilerhof, 76833 Siebeldingen, Germany; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +43-1-47654-95329 Simple Summary: Sustainable agriculture becomes more important for biodiversity conservation and environmental protection. Viticulture is characterized by relatively high pesticide inputs, which could decrease arthropod populations and biological pest control in vineyards. This problem could be counteracted with management practices such as the implementation of diverse vegetation cover in the vineyard inter-rows, reduced pesticide input in integrated or organic vineyards, and a di- verse landscape with trees and hedges. We examined the influence of these factors on predatory Citation: Möth, S.; Walzer, A.; Redl, mites, which play a crucial role as natural enemies for pest mites on vines, and pollen as impor- M.; Petrovi´c,B.; Hoffmann, C.; Winter, tant alternative food source for predatory mites in 32 organic and integrated Austrian vineyards. S. Unexpected Effects of Local Predatory mites benefited from integrated pesticide management and spontaneous vegetation cover Management and Landscape in vineyard inter-rows.
    [Show full text]
  • Modern Scientific Challenges and Trends
    MODERN SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGES AND TRENDS ISSUE 8(19) SEPTEMBER 2019 Collection of Scientific Works WARSAW, POLAND Wydawnictwo Naukowe "iScience" 20th September 2019 «MODERN SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGES AND TRENDS» SCIENCECENTRUM.PL ISSUE 8(19) ISBN 978-83-949403-3-1 ISBN 978-83-949403-3-1 MODERN SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGES AND TRENDS: a collection scientific works of the International scientific conference (20th September, 2019) - Warsaw: Sp. z o. o. "iScience", 2019. - 149 p. Languages of publication: українська, русский, english, polski, беларуская, казақша, o’zbek, limba română, кыргыз тили, Հայերեն The compilation consists of scientific researches of scientists, post-graduate students and students who participated International Scientific Conference "MODERN SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGES AND TRENDS". Which took place in Warsaw on 20th September, 2019. Conference proceedings are recomanded for scientits and teachers in higher education esteblishments. They can be used in education, including the process of post - graduate teaching, preparation for obtain bachelors' and masters' degrees. The review of all articles was accomplished by experts, materials are according to authors copyright. The authors are responsible for content, researches results and errors. ISBN 978-83-949403-3-1 © Sp. z o. o. "iScience", 2019 © Authors, 2019 «MODERN SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGES AND TRENDS» SCIENCECENTRUM.PL ISSUE 8(19) ISBN 978-83-949403-3-1 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION: ARCHITECTURE Kahhorov Azimjon Xurramovich (Djizakh, Uzbekistan) THE ROLE OF KAFIRQALA IN THE HISTORY OF URBAN PLANNING..... 7 Narziyev Alisherbek Qahramon o’g’li (Djizakh, Uzbekistan) ARCHITECTURAL AND PLANNING ORGANIZATION OF RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS............................................................................ 11 Janizakov Abduvahob Esirgapovich (Djizzakh, Uzbekistan) FUNCTIONAL ZONING OF RECREATION PARKS..................................... 15 SECTION: BIOLOGY SCIENCE Alizada Gulnar Aziz (Azerbaijan, Baku) STUDY OF ERYTHRAEIDAE MITES IN AZERBAIJAN...............................
    [Show full text]