JANUARY 2021 | VOLUME 30, NO. 1 THE COUNCIL OF STATE GOVERNMENTS | MIDWESTERN OFFICE % of 3- to 17-year-olds with a mental, emotional, rise of school-based mental health developmental or behavioral problem Increasingly, states are looking for ways to bring these services to students, and 22.8% 20.7% encourage partnerships with local providers who can deliver specialized care 22.3% 25.0% 23.1% 22.4% by Tim Anderson ([email protected]) nonacademic, wraparound program director for the Healthy 20.8% 24.6% services to students. Schools Campaign. 23.9% 25.9% n one Cleveland suburban “As much as we like to say If anything, circumstances of the 24.1% district, licensed psychologists the education system is about past year will only heighten this Iare regularly visiting schools and academics, the reality is that activity. delivering clinical levels of care to those issues of student wellness “For a variety of reasons, the Source: Data Resource Center for Child & Adolescent Health, “2018-2019 National Survey of Children’s Health” students. are tremendously important to education sector is increasingly Hundreds of miles away, in the enabling a successful academic seeing its role as supporting the southernmost part of the state, a experience,” Ohio Superintendent mental health of students and small district is converting part of of Public Instruction Paolo staff,” says Dr. Sharon Hoover, co- its board offices (located on the % of children, ages 3-17, with a DeMaria says. director of the National Center for same campus as its schools) into a mental/behavioral condition who School Mental Health. school-based health center. There, “If children come to school “At the same time, we see receive treatment or counseling young people will get access to an hungry, or can’t see the array of services, including mental whiteboard, or have a high level of the behavioral health sector trauma or stress, they’re not going recognizing schools as an Received Did not receive health treatment. treatment or treatment or to be in a position to be educated.” important venue for service State These are two of the more than counseling for counseling for Mental health, above all other provision. We also have more 3,000 local initiatives across Ohio condition condition getting state support because of types of eligible services, is what and more examples of how to legislative action taken two years schools targeted for support structure those services and get Illinois 65.5% 34.5% ago — an unprecedented, $675 through Ohio’s new Student reimbursed for them in the school million funding commitment by Wellness and Success Fund. setting.” Indiana 49.3% 50.7% the state to help schools provide That choice is not surprising, DeMaria says, considering POLICY OPTIONS FOR STATES Iowa 61.8% 38.2% what he has heard from school Hoover points to a number Kansas 52.7% 47.3% administrators, teachers and of state-level, school-centered parents on listening tours across policies and investments that can Michigan 57.8% 42.2% the state. And that was before help young people. Minnesota 65.3% 34.7% the potential impacts of the One strategy is to improve COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health literacy among Nebraska 59.1% 40.9% mental health of people of all students. ages. “Just like we’d want young North Dakota 66.8% 33.2% Across the country, “there people to know about their Ohio 57.9% 42.1% was a ton of activity, pre-COVID, physical health and nutrition around state actions to support as part of health education, we South Dakota 66.8% 33.2% mental health and schools,” want them to understand mental says Alex Mays, senior national health — how do you obtain Wisconsin 52.6% 47.4% Source: Data Resource Center for Child & Adolescent Health, COVER STORY CONTINUED ON PAGE 7 “2017 -2018 Survey of Children’s Health” Inside this issue CSG Midwest Issue Briefs 2-3 Question of the Month 5 Capital Insights 8-9 • Agriculture & Natural Resources: States trying again to • How have states in the Midwest sought to regulate • Profile: South Dakota stop far-reaching California rules on raising livestock pharmacy benefit managers? Senate Majority Leader Gary Cammack • Health & Human Services: Illinois, Indiana are seeking expansion of Medicaid’s postpartum coverage Capital Clips 6 • FirstPerson article: Minnesota Sen. Carla • Criminal Justice & Public Safety: Proposals in Kansas aim • Slow population growth in the United States has been even Nelson to improve community supervision, expand use of diversion more pronounced in Midwest • Great Lakes: U.S. Congress authorizes construction of new • Michigan, Nebraska have laws for barriers to prevent introduction of Asian carp to lakes college student-athletes CSG Midwest News 10 • Year-over-year state spending Around the Region 4 expected to drop for first time • A look at how new and returning legislators can make the since Great Recession most of The Council of State Governments • Sessions in Midwest began with new rules on masks in capitols, remote legislating during COVID-19 pandemic • Iowa ramps up efforts to improve instruction of computer science BILLD Alumni Notes 11 Capital Closeup 5 in K-12 schools • Seven graduates of CSG Midwest’s leadership program are • State government of Minnesota singled out as national top party leaders in state legislatures in 2021 • Lopsided majorities in some legislatures mean big leader on cybersecurity, IT modernization challenges for members of very small caucuses • Words of advice from BILLD graduates to legislators in their first year of legislative service CSG MIDWEST ISSUE BRIEFS Agriculture & natural Resources Midwest states battling California law they say dictates how region's farmers must raise livestock by Carolyn Orr ([email protected]) animal proteins,” says Iowa Sen. ONGOING LEGAL BATTLES Annette Sweeney, who is also a Value of hog production Proposition 12 has survived he U.S. Department of Justice in farmer. December joined six Midwestern in midwest as of October 2018 previous attempts to kill it in court. T “This proposition does not In November 2019, a U.S. District states (plus nine others) and the North improve animal welfare or food Court in California denied the North American Meat Institute in the latest safety, and California voters Value of Inventory American Meat Institute’s request for legal effort to block a 2018 California shouldn’t be telling Iowa farmers State production (1,000 a preliminary injunction, finding that ballot initiative that opponents say will how to raise their hogs.” (In 2018, ($1,000) head) the law did not have a discriminatory dictate how farmers across the region Iowa legislators approved HF 2408, Illinois 1,132,050 5,350 purpose. A three-judge appellate can raise their livestock. which requires grocery stores to sell panel denied an appeal, saying that California voters approved conventional eggs from hens raised Indiana 913,318 4,050 Proposition 12 is not discriminatory Proposition 12 by a 63 percent to 37 in cages if they also sell “specialty” since it applies to producers both percent margin, thereby establishing eggs, such as cage-free, to ensure Iowa 5,670,532 22,800 within and outside of the state. production standards for pigs and veal consumers and food programs had In late December, the court denied Kansas 432,851 2,110 calves within California — but also access to economical eggs.) a request for a rehearing by the full prohibiting the sale of meat produced In an amicus brief, Kansas Michigan 294,849 1,190 panel of judges. The North American outside the state if those animals were Attorney General Derek Schmidt Meat Institute is considering an not raised in accordance with the said Proposition 12 would establish Minnesota 2,021,704 8,500 appeal. requirements. a national animal-husbandry policy A previous complaint against Nebraska 717,838 3,600 It also augments Proposition 2 of via rules allowing California officials Proposition 12 — filed in December 2019 by the National Pork Producers 2008 (approved by an almost-identical to conduct on-site inspections North Dakota 36,767 147 percentage), which required that of farming operations in other Council and the American Farm Bureau cage-laying hens have enough space states and impose record-keeping Ohio 557,004 2,950 Federation (joined by several states) — was dismissed in April 2020 by a to extend their wings in all directions. requirements. South Dakota 399,771 1,560 federal judge who ruled the law did Proposition 12 eliminates cages for “California’s attempt to regulate not discriminate against interstate hens, and requires farmers to provide animal agriculture outside its Wisconsin 84,912 305 commerce and did not directly regulate veal calves with 43 square feet and borders is an unconstitutional extra-territorial conduct. sows with 24 feet of space by 2022. barrier on interstate commerce Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, Uncooked meat, poultry and eggs and will be devastating to Kansas Agricultural Statistics Service, Meat Animal Ohio and South Dakota are among the must be produced under these Production, Income, October 2018 agriculture,” Schmidt said. 15 U.S. states supporting the North standards to be sold in California, a The U.S. Justice Department’s American Meat Institute’s current big market for agriculture producers brief contends that California’s lawsuit against California’s Proposition in the Midwest. For example, the state Proposition 12 disrupts U.S. the department argued. 12. accounts for about 20 percent of the Department of Agriculture food “Any price increases in food products U.S. pork market. programs. attributable to the new law would Carolyn Orr serves as CSG Midwest staff California’s regulations “hurt “[It] would frustrate USDA policy not make such assistance programs more liaison to the Midwestern Legislative consumers by increasing prices for to buy products that are specialized expensive and reduce the buying power Conference Agriculture & Natural Resources pork, veal and eggs and hurt farmers or geographic in nature for the of benefits under the Supplemental Committee.