DOCSLIB.ORG

Project Research and Development Scheme Case for Support for Superb Design Studies

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Project Research and Development Scheme Case for Support for Superb Design Studies Project Research and Development Scheme Case for Support for SuperB Design Studies G. Bassi 1;4, G. Beck 2, A. Bevan 2¤, T. Gershon 5, P. F. Harrison 5, A. J. Martin 2, F. Wilson 3, A. Wolski,1;4 1 Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury, Warrington, WA4 4AD 2 Queen Mary, University of London, E1 4NS 3 Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, OX11 0QX 4 University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE 5 University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL 1 Objectives This is a proposal for a coherent R&D programme to contribute to the Technical Design Reports (TDR) for the SuperB experiment. The main physics goals of SuperB are to search for evidence of new physics through the study of rare B decays, search for Lepton Flavour Violation in ¿ lepton decays, precisely measure D0 ¡D0 mixing, search for CP violation in D meson decay and search for CPT violation in B and D decay. Most of the data recorded at SuperB will be taken at the ¨(4S) resonance, however data will be recorded at other centre-of-mass energies to test lepton universality, search for light dark matter and light neutral Higgs particles in ¨(NS) ! `+`¡, where N · 3. The physics goals of the SuperB experiment are unique and not achievable in the CERN programme. There will be three TDRs for SuperB one for each of the following areas; Accelerator Design, Detector Design, and Physics Benchmarks. The TDR phase of SuperB will run for a two year period that will coincide with this requested funding: from April 2009 through until March 2011. The objectives of this proposal are such that the UK will take lead roles in vital areas of the design and optimisation of the SuperB programme whilst writing the TDRs. While there is no obligation to contribute beyond the TDR stage, the UK will be in an excellent position to make leading contributions to all areas of construction and physics analysis at SuperB should STFC decide to fund this experiment beyond March 2011. The objectives of this proposal are as follows: 1. Accelerator TDR: To achieve the luminosity goals, SuperB will need to operate in a regime where potentially limiting beam dynamics e®ects are very much stronger than at any existing accelerator facility. We aim to perform detailed studies of certain key e®ects, such as the beam-beam interaction and intra-beam scattering; the results of these studies will allow optimisations in the machine design. ¤Corresponding author: [email protected] 1 2. Detector TDR: The SuperB tracking system is vital to the experiment's new physics search capability. The current proposal is for a Layer 0 of pixels, surrounded by a Silicon Strip Vertex Detector (SSVD) and a Drift Chamber. We aim to design and optimize the SSVD geometry and material composition using physics benchmark channels. 3. Physics TDR: In order to optimise the SSVD design in the context of the whole SuperB detector we will study several benchmark channels central to the new physics search capability of SuperB. The project objectives and timescale are discussed in more detail in the 'Project Description' and 'Timescale' sections below. Sections 4 and 5 describe the physics aims of SuperB and how this ¯ts into STFC's science programme and section 6 discusses competing experiments. The remaining sections of this proposal discuss the track record of the proposal authors, bene¯ts and knowledge exchange opportunities, training out outreach aspects and costs to STFC and cross-council funding opportunities. 2 Project Description 2.1 Introduction The current B factories have been far more successful than was originally envisaged. Nevertheless recent developments have led to the possibility of a high luminosity successor to the current B factories that could collect 75 times the existing data over a running period of 5 years. This concept has been studied and documented in the SuperB Conceptual Design Report [1]. This next generation facility will produce more than 1011 B, D and ¿ mesons while running at the ¨(4S) center of mass energy as well as being able to operate at charm threshold and at other energies. The SuperB experiment is envisaged to operate at a luminosity of 1036 cm¡2s¡1 and integrate 75ab¡1 of data at the ¨(4S) center of mass energy within the ¯rst 5 years of data taking. In the scenario that the LHC ¯nds new physics SuperB may be able to probe its flavour structure. However if the LHC does not ¯nd evidence for new physics SuperB will be able to constrain non-minimal flavour violation new physics scenarios above an energy scale of 10 TeV. The SuperB accelerator and detector complex will be constructed at the campus of Roma Tor Vergata University which is situated near INFN Frascati in the suburbs of Rome, Italy. The university is currently in communication with INFN and the regional and national government to secure funding for the SuperB project. As part of this process INFN appointed an independent international review panel to assess the viability and physics goals of SuperB. This panel, chaired by Prof. John Dainton, has delivered its ¯rst report to INFN [2]. The conclusions of this report begin with: `We recommend strongly that work towards the realisation of a SuperB continues.' The next step toward the realisation of the SuperB experiment requires the preparation of the TDRs which will be ¯nalized in 2011. The deliverables of this proposal are contributions to the SuperB TDRs. The long term physics goals of SuperB are summarised in the 'Long Term Objectives' section below. 2 SuperB will provide measurements of unparalleled sensitivity in a number of complementary channels that are sensitive to the e®ects of new physics. Most of these measurements are unique to SuperB and are not possible at the existing or planned CERN based experiments. There is considerable interest from the international community in SuperB, particularly from Europe and North America. INFN is already funding R&D on SuperB related activities and the rest of the international community is in the process of seeking funding for SuperB R&D. SuperB is scheduled to be discussed at the ECFA and CERN Strategy meetings on the 28th November at CERN. It is expected that steps toward the formation of a SuperB collaboration will occur toward the end of the R&D phase associated with the TDRs. Construction of the experiment is expected to begin once the TDRs have been ¯nalised, and data taking is foreseen for 2015. From the very beginning of BABAR, the UK has played an important role in the detector and all of the main physics discoveries. We believe that now is the appropriate time for STFC to invest in R&D toward realizing the SuperB programme so that the UK will be able to build on its world leading reputation in flavour physics should the UK join the SuperB collaboration. 2.2 Project Description: Accelerator R&D To achieve the luminosity goals, SuperB will need to operate in a regime where potentially limiting beam dynamics e®ects are very much stronger than at any existing accelerator facility. As part of this proposal, we aim to perform detailed studies of certain key e®ects, providing results that will allow optimisations in the machine design. Speci¯cally, we will look at the beam-beam interaction, and intrabeam scattering (IBS). Both of these e®ects can lead to luminosity loss through increase of the beam emittances, and potentially to increased backgrounds by generation of beam halo. Appropriate parameter choices (for example, in the beam optics in the interaction region) can mitigate the impact of these e®ects. If found to be severe, then the design can be modi¯ed to include additional components (for example, damping wigglers to increase the synchrotron radiation damping rates) either at the outset, or as a potential upgrade. To achieve an appropriate balance of cost against technical risk, careful evaluation must be made to produce reliable results. The complexity of the phenomena underlying both the beam-beam interaction and IBS makes it especially challenging to assess these e®ects; and for the parameter regime of SuperB in particular, further development of physical models and computational tools will be needed to perform the assessments. High luminosity in a collider is achieved by a combination of high bunch charges, and small beam sizes at the interaction point. The bunch charge and beam size also determine the beam-beam tune shift, which characterises (in a linear approximation) the focusing force from the charge in one bunch on particles in the opposite bunch. Since the charge distribution in a bunch is (approximately) Gaussian, the focusing force is actually highly nonlinear, and depends also on the longitudinal position of a particle within the bunch. The beam-beam tune shift often indicates the severity of the nonlinear e®ects, but a proper understanding of the impact of the beam-beam interaction requires computationally demanding simulations. Adverse consequences of strong beam- beam e®ects include beam blow-up, luminosity loss, and generation of beam halo. The di±culties are illustrated by experience at KEKB. The 11 mrad crossing angle for collisions in KEKB was expected to reduce the luminosity; to compensate for the crossing angle, crab cavities were installed in 2007 [3]. Simulation studies indicated substantial improvement in luminosity: up to a factor two improvement in speci¯c luminosity at high current. However, experience to date has been somewhat disappointing. While an improvement in speci¯c luminosity is certainly seen 3 Figure 1: Crab waist collision. Left: with a crossing angle but without a crab waist, the focal plane for each bunch is tilted with respect to the direction of the opposite bunch.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The UK E-Science Core Programme and the Grid Tony Hey∗, Anne E
    Future Generation Computer Systems 18 (2002) 1017–1031 The UK e-Science Core Programme and the Grid Tony Hey∗, Anne E. Trefethen UK e-Science Core Programme EPSRC, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 1ET, UK Abstract This paper describes the £120M UK ‘e-Science’ (http://www.research-councils.ac.uk/and http://www.escience-grid.org.uk) initiative and begins by defining what is meant by the term e-Science. The majority of the £120M, some £75M, is funding large-scale e-Science pilot projects in many areas of science and engineering. The infrastructure needed to support such projects must permit routine sharing of distributed and heterogeneous computational and data resources as well as supporting effective collaboration between groups of scientists. Such an infrastructure is commonly referred to as the Grid. Apart from £10M towards a Teraflop computer, the remaining funds, some £35M, constitute the e-Science ‘Core Programme’. The goal of this Core Programme is to advance the development of robust and generic Grid middleware in collaboration with industry. The key elements of the Core Programme will be outlined including details of a UK e-Science Grid testbed. The pilot e-Science projects that have so far been announced are then briefly described. These projects span a range of disciplines from particle physics and astronomy to engineering and healthcare, and illustrate the breadth of the UK e-Science Programme. In addition to these major e-Science projects, the Core Programme is funding a series of short-term e-Science demonstrators across a number of disciplines as well as projects in network traffic engineering and some international collaborative activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Delegate Biographies
    DELEGATE BIOGRAPHIES Isabelle Abbey-Vital, Research Involvement Officer, Parkinsons's UK ([email protected]) After studying Neuroscience at Manchester University, Isabelle decided to move into the charity sector with the hope of working closer with patients and the public to encourage better understanding of and engagement with neurological research. In 2014 she joined Parkinson’s UK as Research Grants Officer, where her role has involved helping to coordinate the grant funding review processes and recruiting, managing and training a group of 90 people affected by Parkinson’s to help in the charity’s funding decisions. Isabelle has recently moved into a new role as Research Involvement Officer, which involves working with the organisation, volunteers, people affected by Parkinson’s and external stakeholders to develop initiatives to encourage and support the involvement of people affected by Parkinson’s in research. This includes training, volunteer roles and resources for both researchers and people affected by Parkinson’s. Joyce Achampong, Director of External Engagement, The Association of Commonwealth Universities ([email protected]) Joyce is Director of External Engagement at the Association of Commonwealth Universities and is responsible for member engagement, communications and the delivery of the organisation's external relations strategy. Originally from Canada, Joyce has worked in various aspects of educational management and development for almost ten years. Holding degrees in International Business, Political Economy and European Policy and Management she moved to the UK in 2003, subsequently working in the Campaigns and Communications team at the National Council for Voluntary Organisations. Previous to this Joyce worked for the international development agency CUSO/VSO and as a consultant for United Nations Association (Canada) on community engagement, fundraising and running high profiled events.
    [Show full text]
  • Status & Commissioning of the SNO+ Experiment
    Status & Commissioning of the SNO+ experiment Gersende Prior (for the SNO+ collaboration) Lake Louise Winter Institute – 19-24 February 2018 OUTLINE Physics goals 0νββ sensitivity reach Detector status and commissioning Calibration systems and data Water phase data Outlook 02/22/2018 Gersende Prior 2 SNO+ PHYSICS GOALS Multipurpose detector with diferent physics & phases: Water phase Pure scintillator phase Te-loaded phase Supernova neutrinos Nucleon decay 8B solar neutrinos Reactor and geo-neutrinos 0υββ Low energy solar neutrinos Exotics search: e.g. solar axions + Background measurements across all phases + Calibrations (optics,energy...) across all phases 02/22/2018 Gersende Prior 3 0νββ SENSITIVITY REACH (1/) 2νββ 2νββ 0νββ 0νββ S.R. Elliott & P. Vogel, Annu. Rev. Γ0νββ = ln(2).(T 0νββ)-1 Nucl. Part. Sci., 52:115-51 (2002) 1/2 = ln(2).G (Q ,Z).|M |2.<m >2/m 2 <m >=|Ʃm .U 2|, i=1,..,3 0ν ββ 0ν ββ e ββ i ei Two neutrino double beta decay(2νββ): ● allowed by the Standard Model (conserves lepton number) ● occurs in nuclei where single beta-decay is energetically forbidden 18 24 ● already observed for 11 nuclei – T ~10 – 10 years 1/2 Neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ): ● can occur if neutrinos are Majorana (i.e. their own anti-particles) ● violates the lepton number conservation 02/22/2018● never been observed Gersende Prior 4 0νββ SENSITIVITY REACH (2/) 130Te as 0νββ candidate: ● high natural abundance (34%) → loading of several tonnes, no enrichment ● long measured 2νββ half-life (8x1020 yr) → reduced background contribution ● TeLS with good light yield, good optical transparency and stable over years ● end-point Q=2.53 MeV The backgrounds are well understood and can be experimentally constrained Backgrounds budget for year one ~13 counts / year in the frst year Expected spectrum after 5 years of data-taking with 0.5% natTe loading and FV cut R= 3.5 m.
    [Show full text]
  • Gridpp - the UK Grid for Particle Physics
    GridPP - The UK Grid for Particle Physics By D.Britton1, A.J.Cass2, P.E.L. Clarke3, J. Coles4, D.J. Colling5, A.T. Doyle1, N.I. Geddes6, J.C. Gordon6, R.W.L.Jones7, D.P. Kelsey6, S.L. Lloyd8, R.P. Middleton6, G.N. Patrick6∗, R.A.Sansum6 and S.E. Pearce8 1Dept. Physics & Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK, 2CERN, Geneva 23, Switzerland, 3National e-Science Centre, Edinburgh - EH8 9AA, UK, 4Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK, 5Dept. Physics, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, 6STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK, 7Dept. Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK, 8Dept. Physics, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK The startup of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, Geneva presents a huge challenge in processing and analysing the vast amounts of scientific data that will be produced. The architecture of the worldwide Grid that will handle 15PB of particle physics data annually from this machine is based on a hierarchical tiered structure. We describe the development of the UK component (GridPP) of this Grid from a prototype system to a full exploitation Grid for real data analysis. This includes the physical infrastructure, the deployment of middleware, operational experience and the initial exploitation by the major LHC experiments. Keywords: grid middleware distributed computing data particle physics LHC 1. The Computing Challenge of the Large Hadron Collider The Large Hadron Collider (Evans & Bryant 2008) will become the world’s high- est energy particle accelerator when it starts operation in autumn 2008.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gridpp Userguide
    The GridPP UserGuide T Whyntie1 1Particle Physics Research Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. The GridPP Collaboration is a community of particle physicists and computer scientists based in the United Kingdom and at CERN. This document is an offline version of the GridPP UserGuide, written as part of GridPP’s New User Engagement Programme, that aims to help new users make use of GridPP resources through the DIRAC, Ganga and CernVM suite of technologies. The online version may be found at: http://www.gridpp.ac.uk/userguide Spacer Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Please refer to individual figures, tables, etc. for further information about licensing and re-use of other content. GridPP-ENG-002-UserGuide-v1.0 1 CONTENTS CONTENTS Contents 0 Introduction 3 1 Before We Begin 5 2 First Steps: Hello World(s)! 13 3 An Example Workflow: Local Running 19 4 Getting on the Grid 25 5 Moving Your Workflow to the Grid 32 6 Putting Data on the Grid 36 7 Using Grid Data in Your Workflow 49 8 What’s Next? 52 9 Troubleshooting 54 Appendix A Creating a GridPP CernVM 55 GridPP-ENG-002-UserGuide-v1.0 2 0 INTRODUCTION 0. Introduction Welcome to the GridPP UserGuide. The GridPP Collaboration [1, 2] is a community of particle physicists and computer scientists based in the United Kingdom and at CERN. It supports tens of thousands of CPU cores and petabytes of data storage across the UK which, amongst other things, played a crucial role in the discovery of the Higgs boson [3, 4] at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider [5].
    [Show full text]
  • Scotgrid-Gridpp-Poster-2.Pdf
    The ScotGrid consortium was created in 2001 as part of a £800,000 SFC Below: Status of storage resources across all Tier-2 sites within GridPP. grant to provide a regional computing centre with Grid capabilities for Scotland. This was primarily for high energy physics experiments, specifically those at the CERN Large Hadron Collider but with the flexibility to support other disciplines such as bioinformatics and earth sciences. ScotGrid has grown from two initial universities (Edinburgh and Glasgow) to include a third (Durham) with computing and data storage resources distributed between three sites, each of which bring specialist knowledge and experience. ScotGrid forms a distributed Tier-2 centre within the wider GridPP project. We have a growing user community in Scotland and as part of the wider UK eScience Programme. The SFC funded Beowulf cluster was purchased as part of the first tranche The University of Edinburgh of ScotGrid funding and comprises 59 dual processor nodes with 2GB of memory per node, five management nodes and a quad processor system The University of Edinburgh©s involvement with ScotGrid is primarily with 5TB of disk. This 5TB system originally based at Edinburgh but was focused on the data storage and management issues. Researchers are later moved to Glasgow to improve system performance and is managed involved from the Department of Physics, the National eScience Centre by DPM, providing an SRM interface to the storage. The system is backed and the Edinburgh Parallel Computing Centre. up using a tape library. The SFC funded equipment housed at Edinburgh includes 3 front end The JIF funded CDF equipment comprises 10 Dell machines based on Intel nodes, 9 worker nodes and 3 back end nodes, one of which is 8 processor Xeon processors with 1.5GB of memory per node and 7.5TB of disk.
    [Show full text]
  • STFC Computing Programme Evaluation: Proforma for UKHEP-Compute/Gridpp
    STFC Computing Programme Evaluation: Proforma for UKHEP-Compute/GridPP Project/Programme Name: UKHEP-Compute : Experimental Particle Physics Programme Computing – response through GridPP on behalf of experiments. Principal Investigator/Lead Contact: Professor David Britton Organisation: University of Glasgow Dear Malcolm As requested here is our response to the questionnaire. As communicated to the Chair of the Review Committee, the questionnaire is not very well matched to the context of Experimental Particle Physics Computing. We are concerned that answering the questions as formulated might unintentionally provide a misleading picture. At Best such input would not help us or the committee; at worst it could lead to damage to the sector that we represent. The mismatch arises Because, whilst we recognise that it is difficult to create questionnaire that can be used by widely different infrastructures, the current formulation is more suited for a leading edge HPC resource that creates new (simulated) data from which science is then extracted. The questions address issues related to the value of that science; whether the data would Be Better created, or the science done better, by competing facilities; and how the facility producing the data is pushing the innovation Boundaries of computing. None of these issues have much, if any, relevance in our sector. High Energy Physics computing infrastructure is a deterministic commodity resource that is required to carry out the science programmes of the experimental particle physics collaBorations. The science has Been peer reviewed and approved elsewhere through the PPGP and PPRP, which has led to the construction of detectors and the formation of collaborations.
    [Show full text]
  • RCUK Review of E-Science 2009
    RCUK Review of e-Science 2009 BUILDING A UK FOUNDATION FOR THE TRANSFORMATIVE ENHANCEMENT OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION Report of the International Panel for the 2009 Review of the UK Research Councils e-Science Programme International Panel for the 2009 RCUK Review of the e-Science Programme Anders Ynnerman (Linköping University, Sweden) Paul Tackley (ETH Zürich, Switzerland) Albert Heck (Utrecht University, Netherlands) Dieter Heermann (University of Heidelberg, Germany) Ian Foster (ANL and University of Chicago, USA) Mark Ellisman (University of California, San Diego, USA) Wolfgang von Rüden (CERN, Switzerland) Christine Borgman (University of California, Los Angeles, USA) Daniel Atkins (University of Michigan, USA) Alexander Szalay (John Hopkins University, USA) Julia Lane (US National Science Foundation) Nathan Bindoff (University of Tasmania, Australia) Stuart Feldman (Google, USA) Han Wensink (ARGOSS, The Netherlands) Jayanth Paraki (Omega Associates, India) Luciano Milanesi (National Research Council, Italy) Table of Contents Table of Contents Executive Summary About this Report 1 Background: e-Science and the Core Programme 1 Current Status of the Programme and its Impacts 1 Future Considerations 2 Responses to Evidence Framework Questions 3 Major Conclusions and Recommendations 4 Table of Acronyms and Acknowledgements Table of Acronyms 7 Acknowledgements 9 1. Introduction and Background Purpose of the Review 11 Structure of the Review 11 Review Panel Activities 12 Attribution of Credit 13 Background on the UK e-Science Programme
    [Show full text]
  • Gridpp: Development of the UK Computing Grid for Particle Physics
    INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS PUBLISHING JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G: NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 32 (2006) N1–N20 doi:10.1088/0954-3899/32/1/N01 RESEARCH NOTE FROM COLLABORATION GridPP: development of the UK computing Grid for particle physics The GridPP Collaboration P J W Faulkner1,LSLowe1,CLATan1, P M Watkins1, D S Bailey2, T A Barrass2, N H Brook2,RJHCroft2, M P Kelly2, C K Mackay2, SMetson2, O J E Maroney2, D M Newbold2,FFWilson2, P R Hobson3, A Khan3, P Kyberd3, J J Nebrensky3,MBly4,CBrew4, S Burke4, R Byrom4,JColes4, L A Cornwall4, A Djaoui4,LField4, S M Fisher4, GTFolkes4, N I Geddes4, J C Gordon4, S J C Hicks4, J G Jensen4, G Johnson4, D Kant4,DPKelsey4, G Kuznetsov4, J Leake 4, R P Middleton4, G N Patrick4, G Prassas4, B J Saunders4,DRoss4, R A Sansum4, T Shah4, B Strong4, O Synge4,RTam4, M Thorpe4, S Traylen4, J F Wheeler4, N G H White4, A J Wilson4, I Antcheva5, E Artiaga5, J Beringer5,IGBird5,JCasey5,AJCass5, R Chytracek5, M V Gallas Torreira5, J Generowicz5, M Girone5,GGovi5, F Harris5, M Heikkurinen5, A Horvath5, E Knezo5, M Litmaath5, M Lubeck5, J Moscicki5, I Neilson5, E Poinsignon5, W Pokorski5, A Ribon5, Z Sekera5, DHSmith5, W L Tomlin5, J E van Eldik5, J Wojcieszuk5, F M Brochu6, SDas6, K Harrison6,MHayes6, J C Hill6,CGLester6,MJPalmer6, M A Parker6,MNelson7, M R Whalley7, E W N Glover7, P Anderson8, P J Clark8,ADEarl8,AHolt8, A Jackson8,BJoo8, R D Kenway8, C M Maynard8, J Perry8,LSmith8, S Thorn8,ASTrew8,WHBell9, M Burgon-Lyon9, D G Cameron9, A T Doyle9,AFlavell9, S J Hanlon9, D J Martin9, G McCance
    [Show full text]
  • Gridpp Infrastructure and Approaches
    @GridPP @twhyntie GridPP Infrastructure and Approaches T. Whyntie* * Queen Mary University of London SKA/GridPP F2F, University of Manchester Wednesday, 2nd November 2016 Outline of the talk • GridPP: an introduction: • GridPP and the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG); But what is a Grid? When is a Grid useful? Can I use the Grid? • Engaging with the Grid: • Infrastructure for non-LHC VOs; documentation; advances approaches for large VOs. • Selected case studies: • GEANT4 simulation campaigns; GalDyn (Galaxy Dynamics); the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope. • Summary and conclusions. Weds 2nd Nov 2016 T. Whyntie - SKA/GridPP F2F 2 GridPP: an introduction GridPP and the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG); But what is a Grid? When is a Grid useful? Can I use the Grid? Weds 2nd Nov 2016 T. Whyntie - SKA/GridPP F2F 3 GridPP and the WLCG • The Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) was developed to meet the challenges presented by data from CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC): • 40 million particle collisions per second; • 150 million channels in ATLAS/CMS detectors; • At least 15 PB of data per year; • Expect a few per million of e.g. Higgs events. • GridPP (the UK Grid for Particle Physics) represents the UK’s contribution: • A collaboration of 20 institutions, 100+ people; • 101k logical CPU cores, 37 PB storage; • Accounts for ~11% of WLCG resources. Weds 2nd Nov 2016 T. Whyntie - SKA/GridPP F2F 4 But what is a Grid? • ‘Grid’ computing – key concepts: • All processing power and storage always on, always available, whenever it is needed; • The end user doesn’t know or care about where or how (c.f.
    [Show full text]
  • Experience with LCG-2 and Storage Resource Management Middleware Dimitrios Tsirigkas September 10Th, 2004
    ¡£¢¥¤§¦ ¨ © Experience with LCG-2 and Storage Resource Management Middleware Dimitrios Tsirigkas September 10th, 2004 MSc in High Performance Computing The University of Edinburgh Year of Presentation: 2004 Authorship declaration I, Dimitrios Tsirigkas, confirm that this dissertation and the work presented in it are my own achievement. 1. Where I have consulted the published work of others this is always clearly attributed; 2. Where I have quoted from the work of others the source is always given. With the exception of such quotations this dissertation is entirely my own work; 3. I have acknowledged all main sources of help; 4. If my research follows on from previous work or is part of a larger collaborative research project I have made clear exactly what was done by others and what I have contributed myself; 5. I have read and understand the penalties associated with plagiarism. Signed: Date: Matriculation no: Abstract The University of Edinburgh is participating in the ScotGrid project, working with Glasgow and Durham to create a prototype Tier 2 site for the LHC Computing Grid (LCG). This requires that LCG-2, the software release of the LCG project, has to be installed on the University hardware. Being a site that will mainly provide storage, Edinburgh is also actively involved in the devel- opment of ways to interface such resources to the Grid. The Storage Resource Manager (SRM) is a protocol for an interface between client applications and storage systems. The Storage Re- source Broker (SRB), developed at the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC), is a system that can be used to manage distributed storage resources in Grid-like environments.
    [Show full text]
  • Gridpp Experiences of Monitoring the WLCG Network Infrastructure with Perfsonar
    GridPP experiences of monitoring the WLCG network infrastructure with perfSONAR Duncan Rand Imperial College London / Jisc Outline • Large Hadron Collider (LHC) • Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) • WLCG tiered networking model • perfSONAR toolkit • Monitoring with perfSONAR • IPv4 and IPv6 DI4R 2016 2 Large Hadron Collider • The LHC is located at CERN on the Franco-Swiss border • Proton proton and heavy ion collider with four main experiments – two general purpose: ATLAS and CMS – two specialist: LHCb and ALICE (heavy ions) • During Run 1 at 8 TeV: found the Higgs particle in 2012 • Started Run 2 in 2015 at 13 TeV – Tentative signs of a new particle at 750 GeV but was not to be • Computing for LHC experiments carried out by the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG or ‘the Grid’) DI4R 2016 3 Worldwide LHC Computing Grid • The Worldwide Large Hadron Collider Computing Grid (WLCG) is a global collaboration of more than 170 computing centres in 42 countries • Its mission is to provide global computing resources to store, distribute and analyse the ~30 petabytes of data generated per year by the LHC experiments • GridPP is a collaboration providing data-intensive distributed computing resources for the UK HEP community and the UK contribution to the WLCG • Hierarchically arranged with four tiers: – Tier-0 at CERN (and Wigner in Hungary) – 13 Tier-1s (mainly national laboratories) – 149 Tier-2s (generally university physics laboratories) – Tier-3s DI4R 2016 4 WLCG sites Tier-0 Tier-1 Tier-2 DI4R 2016 5 WLCG tier networking model • Initial modelling of LHC computing requirements suggested a hierarchical tier-based data management and transfer model • Data exported from Tier-0 at CERN to each Tier-1 and then on to Tier-2s • However better than expected network bandwidth means that the LHC experiments have been able to relax this hierarchy – Now data is transferred in an all-to-all mesh configuration • Data often transferred across multiple domains – e.g.
    [Show full text]