Faces & Places

CERN Courier January/February 2018 Faces & Places

A ppointments A w A r d s ECFA elects new chairperson WMAP scientists awarded 2018

The team that mapped the temperature of the cosmic microwave background using NASA’s Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) has won the 2018 Breakthrough Prize in fundamental physics. The $3 million sum was awarded to Charles Bennett (Johns Hopkins University), Gary Hinshaw (University of British Columbia), Norman Jarosik (Princeton University), Lyman Page Jr. (Princeton University), David N Spergel (Princeton University) and the WMAP Science Team on 3 December. NASA launched WMAP in 2001 to Newly elected ECFA chair Jorgen D’Hondt is also a member of the CMS Collaboration. measure tiny temperature fluctuations across the sky imprinted by processes in At a plenary meeting of the European Strategy for Particle Physics. D’Hondt, the very early universe. Its many precise Committee for Future Accelerators who works on the CMS experiment, is measurements have helped establish the (ECFA) held at CERN on 16–17 November, co-director of the Interuniversity Institute standard model of cosmology. Jorgen D’Hondt of the Vrije Universiteit for High Energies in Brussels, with research Now in their sixth year, the Breakthrough Brussel in Belgium was elected ECFA activities including top-quark physics and prizes honour top achievements in the chairperson, with a three-year-long dark matter. His team is also involved in the fields of physics, life sciences and mandate running from 2018 to 2020. upgrade of the CMS silicon tracker and in mathematics. They were founded by ECFA carries out long-range planning the development of heavy-flavour tagging Sergey Brin, Yuri and Julia Milner, for European high-energy accelerators, algorithms. He takes over from previous Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan, large-scale facilities and equipment, and ECFA chairperson Halina Abramowicz of Anne Wojcicki, and Pony Ma, with seven plays an important role in building the Tel Aviv University in Israel, who is now $3 million prizes awarded this year at a physics community in preparation for secretary of the European Strategy Group televised ceremony in Silicon Valley. the upcoming update of the European (CERN Courier November p37). In addition, three New Horizons in Physics Prizes of $100,000 were awarded to promising junior researchers Change of director at MSU who have already produced important work: Christopher Hirata of Ohio State US accelerator school University, Andrea Young of the University of California, Santa Barbara, and Douglas Steven Lund of Michigan State University Stanford of the Institute for Advanced in the US has been named the new director Study and Stanford University. of the US Particle Accelerator School (USPAS), succeeding William Barletta of Fermilab who has led the school since 2006. Lund, whose focus is theoretical accelerator physics, took up the role on 1 December with a four-year renewable term. Considered the premier training programme in accelerator science and engineering in the US, USPAS Steven Lund takes the helm at USPAS. offers a continually updated curriculum of courses ranging from the fundamentals of of Energy, has many parallels with its accelerator science to advanced physics and European cousin the CERN Accelerator engineering concepts. The school, which is School, and is intended to train, develop and WMAP’s results have helped transform a collaboration of 10 institutions hosted at educate people on the many uses of particle cosmology into a precision science. Fermilab on behalf of the US Department accelerators in particle physics and beyond. (Image: NASA)

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A w A r d s A n n i v e r s A r y Weizmann Institute honours Jenni Schukraft receives 25 years of the LHC experimental programme Niels Bohr Institute’s On 15 December a special scientific Honorary Medal symposium at CERN celebrated the 25th anniversary of the LHC experimental O Joensen/Niels Bohr Institute Bohr O Joensen/Niels programme. During the event, speakers J Ordan/CERN reflected on the LHC’s history, the physics landscape into which the LHC experiments

Weizmann Institute ScienceWeizmann of were born, and the challenging path that led to the very successful LHC programme today. In early March 1992 a meeting took place in the town of Evian on Lake Geneva titled “Towards the LHC Experimental Programme”. It would, quoting CERN Courier in May that year, “always be remembered as the stage where these ideas The symposium “25 years since Evian” attracted leading figures linked to the LHC programme. made their debut”. The road since then has been full of challenges, new ideas and heavy-ion experiments. The 12th EOI Lausanne in 1984 and was recommended innovative technologies. A great deal of concerned a heavy-ion programme within by CERN’s long-range planning committee motivation, determination and patience was the CMS experiment. ATLAS was formed three years later, leading to a succession of Peter Jenni before the ceremony at the Weizmann Institute of Science. finally rewarded with excellent performance from the merger of two proposals, ASCOT meetings and workshops and, finally, to the from the accelerators, detectors and and EAGLE, whereas CMS had evolved from CERN Council voting unanimously at its On 6 November the Weizmann Institute his advocacy of high-energy physics computing, and with major physics results a single proposal at Evian. ATLAS and CMS December 1991 meeting that the LHC was of Science in Israel awarded Peter Jenni research and education, and his instrumental such as the discovery of the Higgs boson. submitted their letters of intent on 1 October the “right machine for the advance of the of CERN and Albert Ludwigs University role in inducting Israel into CERN as its At the Evian event, a dozen teams 1992, with ALICE following in 1993 and subject and the future of CERN”. of Freiburg an honorary PhD. The award first non-European Member State. Jenni presented an expression of interest (EOI) to LHCb in 1995 – completing the set of large The December symposium concluded with recognizes Jenni’s landmark contributions was a founding spokesperson of ATLAS, carry out research at the LHC, including: four LHC experiments. a presentation of the latest results from the to experimental particle physics and his continuing to lead the experiment until 2009, for general-purpose experiments; three for Evian was a landmark, but it was also four large LHC experiments, which continue impressive achievements leading the and previously played a major role in the UA2 dedicated B-physics experiments; two for part of a longer process. The LHC had to subject the Standard Model of particle LHC’s ATLAS experiment. It also noted experiment at the Super Proton Synchrotron. neutrino experiments; and two for dedicated been formally launched at a workshop in physics to unprecedented levels of scrutiny.

Jürgen Schukraft with his medal. e v e n t s Dublin City University DCU Heavy-ion physicist Jürgen Schukraft Dark-matter and acclaim for Myers of CERN has been awarded the Niels Inauguration ceremony promotes Bohr Institute’s Honorary Medal for cosmic-ray Stephen Myers, former CERN director his long-standing work in the study of Hyper-Kamiokande project of accelerators and technology, has been heavy-ion collisions at relativistic energies awarded an honorary doctorate by Dublin and for his role as leader of the ALICE celebrations City University in Ireland for his outstanding experiment at the LHC. Schukraft is one of On 1 October the University of Tokyo contributions to the physics community. the people behind the creation of ALICE inaugurated the Next-generation Neutrino Towards the end of 2017, two world-wide Myers trained as an electronical engineer at and was spokesperson of the collaboration Science Organization (NNSO) and cosmic celebrations reached out to new Queen’s University Belfast and spent most of for its first 20 years from 1990, overseeing appointed the 2015 Nobel Prize-winning audiences with tales about dark matter and his career at CERN, where he was responsible Myers spoke about the benefits of CERN groundbreaking results concerning the neutrino physicist Takaaki Kajita as its cosmic rays. On 31 October the historic hunt for the operation and exploitation of the CERN membership for Ireland. quark–gluon plasma. Over the years director. The NNSO’s main purpose for dark matter was celebrated with the first accelerator complex. He is currently executive Schukraft has been closely connected is to promote the construction of the ever “Dark Matter Day”. Many laboratories chairman of CERN spin-out company ADAM non-membership of CERN puts our country with the Niels Bohr Institute group in Hyper-Kamiokande project, a new neutrino and institutes organised dedicated events Advanced Oncotherapy. On acceptance of at an enormous technological disadvantage, ALICE and he is also a member of the facility in Japan, involving some 74 targeting new audiences, including CERN, his honorary degree on 3 November, Myers since we cannot profit from the technology Discovery Danish National Research institutions in 14 countries, and to work which opened its doors to the public and highlighted the importance of CERN and the transfer and training that comes from being a Foundation (DNRF) centre of excellence towards the development of state-of-the-art The ceremony was attended by about 100 invited experts to talk about the status of benefits of membership. “Ireland’s continued member state of CERN,” he said. advisory board. neutrino research techniques and detector people from MEXT, the University of Tokyo, dark-matter science. The following month, technologies. Hyper-Kamiokande will KEK, local government and community, the on 30 November, International Cosmic investigate CP violation in the neutrino Kamioka Mining and Smelting Company, Day took place for the sixth time, sector by observing oscillations in a neutrino/ and collaborating scientists. organised by DESY in Germany. Young anti-neutrino beam produced by the J-PARC people around the word had the chance to accelerator. It will use a 260,000 tonne tank photomultiplier tubes. “Understanding the experience research in an international of pure water located 650 m underground neutrino is not only important to particle collaboration in science by analysing real in Kamioka to detect the Cherenkov physics, but is also thought to have deep cosmic-ray data, with more than 60 groups radiation produced by the collision of connections to the origins of matter,” said of young people in 17 countries around the neutrinos with water molecules using 40,000 Kajita in his opening remarks. world taking part.

CCJanFeb18_Faces&Places.indd 40 03/01/2018 15:09 CCJanFeb18_Faces&Places.indd 41 03/01/2018 13:41 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 8 N u m b e r 1 J a n u ary /F e b r u a r y 2 0 1 8 CERN Courier January/February 2018 CERN Courier January/February 2018 Ultra High Performance Faces & Places Faces & Places Silicon Drift Detector FAST SDD® Fun at the fair D i v e r s i t y Japan science festival looks Berkeley physicists march in Pride Parade Count Rate = >1,000,000 CPS M Brice/CERN beyond the boundaries The True State-of-the-Art A group of about 30 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory employees and friends, W Lile • New in-house manufacturing Science Agora 2017, Japan’s largest along with staff from Sandia and Lawrence • Lower noise science festival, took place in Tokyo on Livermore National Labs, marched in the 2017 24–26 November, giving researchers the Tomihisa K San Francisco Pride Parade. The group, which • Lower leakage current opportunity to interact with non-scientists included many with strong ties to nuclear and • Better charge collection and policy-makers alike. The key theme particle physics, raised colourful placards and of this year’s festival was “beyond the demonstrated the lab’s support for diversity Compatible with EPICS tools & libraries boundaries”, including a dedicated session in and inclusion. Berkeley Lab’s participation which the European Union (EU) delegation Science immersion at the Geneva exhibition. was organized by the Lambda Alliance, which 25 mm2 FAST SDD® 55Fe Spectrum 25 mm2 FAST SDD® to Japan highlighted several big-science aims to promote an inclusive atmosphere, 800,000 230K, Tpk = 8 µs 1,000,000 projects enabled by the collaboration of CERN was guest of honour at Geneva’s major enhance policies of non-discrimination, Peak to 1 keV background Mn Kα 26,000:1 100,000 European and Japanese researchers. annual fair the Automnales, held from 10 to create guidance for institutional processes, Mn Kβ 600,000 The Future Circular Collider (FCC) 19 November. Some 145,000 people attended identify and address emerging challenges, and 10,000 study, launched at CERN in 2014 the event and most of them stopped at the increase awareness of issues impacting the The 2017 Pride Parade celebrated the 50th COUNTS and supported through the European Deputy FCC study leader Frank Zimmermann CERN stand to immerse themselves in the Berkeley Lab community. anniversary of the “Summer of Love”. 400,000 122 eV FWHM 1,000 Commission’s EuroCirCol programme, discusses how the project requires experts world of fundamental science. The stand 100 was presented as a primary example from different fields and countries. covered an area of 1000 m2 and was designed 200,000 of how scientific collaboration in a big to resemble a particle collision. Guests young 10

0 1 scientific project transcends geographical and innovation that are being developed in and old had the chance to take a virtual-reality 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 and cultural boundaries. The neutrino Europe, and to demonstrate the diverse ways tour of the LHC and one of its detectors, Energy (keV) project Super-Kamiokande Plus was also in which European and Japanese researchers learn how to conduct physics experiments Resolution vs Peaking Time 180 highlighted, as were joint international and scientists are cooperating,” said EU using household objects, play proton football 25 mm2 projects concerning fusion energy, ambassador Viorel Isticioaia-Budura. and program robots, among other activities. 170 photovoltaic cells, smart cities and climate Most importantly, they met enthusiastic Colourisation by S Dullaway Standard SDD change. “Participation in Science Agora is ● The fourth annual meeting of the FCC researchers, engineers, technicians and 160 driven by our twofold desire to show in a study will take place from 9–13 April 2018 administrative employees who were delighted ® 150 FAST SDD tangible manner some of the best science in Amsterdam: cern.ch/fccw2018. to share their passion for research. 140

L e t t e r s Neutrinos and the Standard Model keV) @ 5.9 FWHM on(eV fields. The latter would leave the mystery of ti 130

I read with interest your interview with why neutrino masses are so tiny, however, Resolution (eV FWHM @ 5.9 keV) ISOLDE then and now Resolu Weinberg (CERN Courier November 2017 while the effective-field theory point of view 120 0.000 1.00 1 2.00 2 3.00 3 4.00 4 5.00 5 I was pleased to see your piece about the p31) and would like to draw attention to a ensures that non-renormalisable terms in the Peaking Time (μs) Peaking Time (µs) 50th anniversary of the ISOLDE project statement made on page 34, “Whereas simply SM are naturally very small, explaining the (CERN Courier December 2017 p36). It is inserting neutrino masses into the theory smallness of neutrino masses and potentially truly remarkable how ISOLDE, over such would violate the SU(2)×U(1) symmetry.” other observables, too. Options: a long time and in its evolving shapes, has There is a simple way to put neutrino • 25 mm2 active area collimated to 17 mm2 succeeded in maintaining world leadership masses into the Standard Model (SM): Dick Garwin and g-2 • 70 mm2 collimated to 50 mm2 in the study of exotic nuclei. This is a success just add their right-handed terms like any Last year CERN Courier reported on • Windows: Be (0.5 mil) 12.5 µm, or story for the scientists involved and CERN as an other fermion, and standard Higgs doublet measurements of the anomalous magnetic G Cavulli/University of Trento C Series (Si3N4) organisation willing to support excellent science couplings, and you get masses, SU(2)×U(1) moment of the muon, g-2 (July/August 2017 in areas other than mainstream particle physics. symmetry and renormalisability. This point p11). There was a second (hidden) occasion • TO-8 package fits all Amptek configurations The picture from 1967 that you used shows was not addressed in the article and it gives in the January/February issue (p50) where it • Vacuum applications the original ISOLDE team in the underground the impression that it is really impossible was reported that Dick Garwin received the cavern between the Synchrocyclotron building to maintain SM renormalisibility and give Presidential Medal of Freedom from former and the main gates (note the white lab coats mass to the neutrinos at the same time. This US president Barack Obama for his long career – the experiment was run by the then nuclear would be a clear failure of the SM and gauge in research and invention. Garwin’s significant chemistry group). The person standing to theories, but it isn’t the case. contributions to particle physics and his work Ninety years after the famous photograph of the 1927 Solvay conference (top) was taken, the right in the picture is group leader Arve ● Biagio Di Micco at CERN, however, were not mentioned. depicting 28 male scientists and a single woman (Marie Skłodowska Curie), the Kjelberg, a nuclear chemist originating from In an experiment undertaken at Columbia in University of Trento and the Italian Physical Society created a more modern picture: Pappas’ group in Oslo. Kjelberg moved on to Editor’s reply: 1957 together with Leon Lederman and Marcel a new photo showing 28 female physicists and one man (former CMS spokesperson become deputy director of the nuclear physics The article perhaps could have been Weinrich, Garwin made the first observation of Guido Tonelli). The aim was to give more visibility to women in physics, one of the topics division under Herwig Schopper and, after clearer that the symmetries of the SM parity violation in muon decay and measured of the conference of the Italian Physical Society in Trento after which the photo was 40 Years of leaving CERN, he held senior positions in the make it impossible to give masses to the value of g-2 to a precision of around 10%. taken on 14 September. At the 1927 Solvay conference, devoted to electrons and Products for Your Imagination Norwegian Ministry of Science and Education neutrinos without introducing either At CERN, starting in 1959, Garwin was also a photons, 17 of the 29 attendees photographed were or became Nobel Prize winners – until retirement. He passed peacefully away in non-renormalisable interactions or new member of the group that performed the first including Curie, who alone among them, had won Nobel Prizes in two separate ® AMPTEK Inc. June 2016. fields, namely right-handed neutrino fields g-2 experiment at the Synchrocyclotron. scientific disciplines. [email protected] ● Leif Westgaard that have no interactions with SM gauge ● Pier Giorgio Innocenti www.amptek.com

CCJanFeb18_Faces&Places.indd 42 03/01/2018 13:43 CCJanFeb18_Faces&Places.indd 43 03/01/2018 15:24 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 8 N u m b e r 1 J a n u ary /F e b r u a r y 2 0 1 8 CERN Courier January/February 2018 CERN Courier January/February 2018 Ultra High Performance Faces & Places Faces & Places Silicon Drift Detector FAST SDD® Fun at the fair D i v e r s i t y Japan science festival looks Berkeley physicists march in Pride Parade Count Rate = >1,000,000 CPS M Brice/CERN beyond the boundaries The True State-of-the-Art A group of about 30 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory employees and friends, W Lile • New in-house manufacturing Science Agora 2017, Japan’s largest along with staff from Sandia and Lawrence • Lower noise science festival, took place in Tokyo on Livermore National Labs, marched in the 2017 24–26 November, giving researchers the Tomihisa K San Francisco Pride Parade. The group, which • Lower leakage current opportunity to interact with non-scientists included many with strong ties to nuclear and • Better charge collection and policy-makers alike. The key theme particle physics, raised colourful placards and of this year’s festival was “beyond the demonstrated the lab’s support for diversity Compatible with EPICS tools & libraries boundaries”, including a dedicated session in and inclusion. Berkeley Lab’s participation which the European Union (EU) delegation Science immersion at the Geneva exhibition. was organized by the Lambda Alliance, which 25 mm2 FAST SDD® 55Fe Spectrum 25 mm2 FAST SDD® to Japan highlighted several big-science aims to promote an inclusive atmosphere, 800,000 230K, Tpk = 8 µs 1,000,000 projects enabled by the collaboration of CERN was guest of honour at Geneva’s major enhance policies of non-discrimination, Peak to 1 keV background Mn Kα 26,000:1 100,000 European and Japanese researchers. annual fair the Automnales, held from 10 to create guidance for institutional processes, Mn Kβ 600,000 The Future Circular Collider (FCC) 19 November. Some 145,000 people attended identify and address emerging challenges, and 10,000 study, launched at CERN in 2014 the event and most of them stopped at the increase awareness of issues impacting the The 2017 Pride Parade celebrated the 50th COUNTS and supported through the European Deputy FCC study leader Frank Zimmermann CERN stand to immerse themselves in the Berkeley Lab community. anniversary of the “Summer of Love”. 400,000 122 eV FWHM 1,000 Commission’s EuroCirCol programme, discusses how the project requires experts world of fundamental science. The stand 100 was presented as a primary example from different fields and countries. covered an area of 1000 m2 and was designed 200,000 of how scientific collaboration in a big to resemble a particle collision. Guests young 10

L e t t e r s Neutrinos and the Standard Model keV) @ 5.9 FWHM on(eV fields. The latter would leave the mystery of ti 130

M e e t i n g s Weighing up the LHC’s future Sizing up physics beyond colliders S de Jong S de As the LHC’s 2017 run drew to a close late last hunt for their microscopic origin and provide The Physics Beyond Colliders (PBC) initiative, year, CERN hosted a workshop addressing concrete ground in which to examine the launched in 2016, explores the opportunities future physics opportunities at the flagship HolznerA power of the HL-LHC and the potential of a offered by the CERN accelerator complex collider. The first workshop on the physics future HE-LHC to test the proposed models. and infrastructure that are complementary of High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and The workshop series will explore the synergy to high-energy collider experiments and perspectives at High-Energy LHC (HE-LHC) and complementarity of the flavour studies other initiatives worldwide. It takes place in took place from 30 October to 1 November, carried out with the precise measurement of an exciting and quickly developing physics attracting around 500 participants. HL-LHC b-hadron decays and with the direct search for landscape. To quote a contribution by theorist is an approved extension of the LHC these new interactions. Jonathan Feng at the recent ICFA seminar in programme that aims to achieve a total The LHC running into the mid-2030s Ottawa: “In particle theory, this is a time of integrated luminosity of 3 ab–1 by the second also provides new opportunities for the great creativity, new ideas, and best of all, new half of the 2030s (for reference, the LHC has HL-LHC will produce ~200 simultaneous study of hadronic matter at high densities. proposals for experiments and connections to amassed around 0.1 ab–1 so far). HE-LHC, by proton collisions in a single bunch crossing. The established existence of a quark-gluon other fields.” contrast, is one of CERN’s possible options for Shown is a real-life example of 78 plasma phase should be probed under a Following a kick-off workshop in The November workshop at CERN is the second in the Physics Beyond Colliders series. the future beyond the LHC; its target collision reconstructed collisions in a single event. broader set of experimental conditions, September 2016 (CERN Courier November energy of 27 TeV, twice the LHC energy, using ions lighter than lead, and thoroughly 2016 p28), the second general PBC workshop gas targets or crystal extraction, are under but at higher intensity, and the linac would would be made possible using the 16 T dipole precision of Standard Model measurements addressing the novel indications that took place at CERN on 21–22 November. investigation, including feasibility tests with provide unique R&D possibilities for future magnets under development in the context of and of their interpretation, in particular for unexpected collective effects appear in With more than 230 physicists in attendance, the LHC beams. The novel use of partially linear accelerators. Another highlight is the Future Circular Collider study. the Higgs. These directions pose severe proton collisions. Surprises such as this show it provided an opportunity to review the stripped ions (PSI) to produce high-energy the prospect of performing the first optical The workshop was the first of a series of challenges to experimentalists and theorists, that the field of high-density hadronic matter progress of the studies and to collect further gamma rays in a so-called gamma factory detection of vacuum magnetic birefringence meetings scheduled throughout 2018 to review pushing us to develop original approaches is rapidly evolving, and the workshop will ideas from the community. (CERN Courier November 2017 p7) is also using high-field magnets under and further refine our understanding of the for the best exploitation of the HL-LHC outline the ambitious future programme During the past year, the PBC study was gaining traction. Having taken PSI into the development at CERN. New projects are physics potential of the HL-LHC, and to begin statistics and to use experience to reduce needed to answer all open questions. organised into working groups to connect SPS this year, near-term plans include the also being proposed elsewhere, including a a systematic study of physics at the HE-LHC. future systematic uncertainties in theory and The discussion of the prospects of HL-LHC experts in the various relevant fields to injection of partially stripped lead ions into first QED measurement in the strong field Close to 2000 physics papers have been experiment. The full HL-LHC dataset will be physics builds on the experience gained so representatives of the projects. Two physics the SPS and LHC in 2018. regime at the DESY XFEL (LUXE project) published by the LHC experiments. In addition needed to challenge the Higgs mechanism. far by the LHC experiments, in particular the working groups dealing with searches and a search for η meson rare decays at to the discovery of the Higgs boson and the With it, we will be able to attain percent-level dedicated work done for the preparation of for physics beyond the Standard Model New opportunities FNAL (REDTOP experiment). first studies of its properties, these papers precision for the most prominent of the Higgs future detector upgrades to cope with (BSM) and QCD measurements address the The design study of a storage ring for a The presentations and discussions at the document progress in hundreds of different interactions, test the couplings to the second the harsher high-luminosity environment design of the experiments and their physics proton electric-dipole-moment (EDM) workshop have also shown that, beyond directions, ranging from searches for new fermion generation, and find evidence for the of HL-LHC, addressing problems of motivation, while several accelerator working measurement is progressing, and new its support to the individual projects, the particles and interactions to the measurement self-interaction of the Higgs. increased event rates and complexity. groups are pursuing initiatives ranging from opportunities to use such a ring for relic axion PBC study group provides a useful forum of a multitude of cross-sections with The workshop will try to go beyond the exploratory studies to more concrete plans for searches through oscillating EDMs have been for communication between communities unprecedented precision, from the improved Progress and precision existing performance studies, exploring the possible implementation at CERN. The effort put forward. In the loop are the COSY team with similar motivations. This will be an determination of the top-quark and W-boson A priority of the workshop series is to study opportunities offered by the superior detector has already spawned new collaborations at Jülich who continue to break new ground important ingredient to optimise the scope of masses to the opening of new directions in the added value provided by the HE-LHC. and data-acquisition systems. between different groups at CERN and with with polarised deuteron experiments (CERN the future projects. the exploration of flavour phenomena, from And, since minor deviations from the On the theory side, the computing external institutes, and significant progress is Courier September 2016 p27). The PBC study is now at a crucial point, the discovery of hadrons made of exotic Standard Model could be hiding anywhere, techniques discovered in the last few years already visible in many areas. Last but not least are non-accelerator with deliverables due at the end of 2018 as quark configurations to the observation of no stone should be left unturned. We have are being pushed to new heights, promising The potential performance increase for projects that wish to benefit from CERN’s input to the European Strategy for Particle new collective phenomena in both proton and already seen the emergence of new proposals continued progress in the modelling of LHC existing and new users of the upgraded technological expertise. One highlight is Physics Update the following year. The PBC nuclear collisions. That these results were and techniques, which have extended beyond interactions. This goes hand in hand with the HL-LHC injector chain, following the the future IAXO helioscope, proposed as a documents will include the results of the extracted from datasets representing only a expectations the new-physics reach. Examples improved precision of the measurements, and culmination of the LHC injector upgrade successor of the CERN CAST experiment design studies of the accelerator working few percent of the data sample promised by include the use of boosted jet topologies to the workshop will examine new ideas for the project (CERN Courier October 2017 p22), for the search of solar axions. Recently groups, with a level of detail matched to the the HL-LHC, shows how vast and incisive its enhance sensitivity to weakly interacting light direct validation of theoretical calculations, is being actively pursued with one key client IAXO has formed as a full collaboration and maturity of the projects, and summaries ultimate achievements may be. particles decaying hadronically, or the use to improve the extraction of Standard Model being the SPS North Area at CERN. The is in discussion with DESY as a potential site. of the physics motivation of the proposed There is nevertheless a recurrent concern of quantum interference effects to constrain parameters and to gain higher sensitivity to interplay between potential future operation IAXO and a potential precursor experiment experiments in the worldwide context by the expressed by many physicists that the lack the Higgs-decay width. New proposals are deviations from the Standard Model. of the existing SPS fixed-target experiments (Baby-IAXO) benefit from CERN PBC BSM and QCD physics groups. One overview of direct evidence for new physics at the also emerging to detect exotic long-lived The strong attendance at the kick-off (NA61, NA62, NA64, COMPASS) and support for the design of their magnets. document will provide an executive summary LHC is already diminishing the expected particles, with the possible help of workshop attests the great interest present the installation of new proposed detectors The workshop also included a session of the overall landscape, prospects and relevant returns from the HL-LHC. The conflict with additional detector elements. The workshop in the community in the post-LHC era. The (NA64++, MUonE, DIRAC++, NA60++) devoted to the presentation of exciting new issues. It should also be emphasised that the the expectation that new physics should environment should stimulate the youngest outcomes will be documented in a report to be has started to be addressed in both ideas, following a call for contributions goal of the PBC study is to gather facts on the have already appeared at the LHC forces researchers to develop ideas and leave their submitted to the 2019 review of the European accelerator and physics respects. The from the community. One noticeable proposed projects, not to rank them. us to reconsider that prejudice, and own signature on future analyses. Strategy for Particle Physics. The projections technical study of the SPS proton beam new idea consists of the construction of a A follow-up plenary meeting of the PBC strongly underscores the mysterious origin Indications of lepton-flavour-universality for the ultimate outcome of the HL-LHC dump facility and the optimisation of the low-energy linac using CLIC technology working groups is foreseen in mid-2018, of the Higgs boson and the need to study it in violation (see p48) are being closely will provide an essential reference for the SHiP detector for investigating the hidden for electron injection and acceleration in and the main findings of the PBC study will the greatest detail. This orients the HL-LHC monitored and will be further scrutinised assessment of the other future initiatives to be sector are also advancing well. the SPS. A slow extracted SPS e-beam in be presented to the community in an open goals towards increasing the sensitivity to during the workshop. Were these hints to be evaluated during the strategy review. Different options for fixed-target the 10–20 GeV energy range would allow closeout workshop towards the end of the year. elusive exotic phenomena, and increasing the confirmed with more data, it would open a ● indico.cern.ch/event/647676 experiments at the LHC, for instance using hidden sector searches similar to NA64 ● pbc.web.cern.ch

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CERN and Member States talk med-tech Top physics focus in Portugal The first annual knowledge-transfer thematic application of CERN’s technologies and each country, allowing CERN to develop forum on medical applications took place know-how to the medical field. common approaches with its Member Since its discovery in 1995 by the CDF and The top-quark couplings to gauge bosons at CERN on 30 November, bringing CERN The knowledge transfer (KT) forum, States and to identify potential industry D0 experiments at the Tevatron, Fermilab, can be tested at the LHC via measurements — — and its Member State and associate Member known as ENET until the end of 2015 and academic partners while minimising the top quark has provided physicists with of the production cross sections of ttW, ttZ, — — State representatives together to discuss the comprises one or more representatives for duplication of effort. Medical applications a powerful handle on the Standard Model ttγ and ttH processes, which was another J Kvita & C Nellist are one of CERN’s most significant KT (SM). Being the heaviest known elementary source of detailed discussion at the Portugal activities, and this year CERN gave each particle, the top quark is difficult to produce event. The measurements are particularly country the chance to nominate an expert in and study but its large mass makes it sensitive challenging given the low predicted cross PT2026 NMR Precision Teslameter the field to attend special sessions of the KT to new physics beyond the SM. sections and the overwhelming irreducible forum dedicated to medical applications. The series of international workshops backgrounds. These measurements will Some 20 invited speakers from the physics on top-quark physics started in 2006 in become more important during the high Reach new heights and medical communities took part in the Coimbra, Portugal, with the main goal luminosity phase of the LHC. The current inaugural event in November. The scope of establishing a close collaboration Participants of TOP2017 in Braga, Portugal. precision of the measurements, as presented at — of the discussions demonstrated CERN’s between experimentalists and theorists. TOP2017, ranged from 13% for the ttγ channel — in magnetic eld deep and longstanding involvement in The 10th edition took place in Bom Jesus predictions. It is also noteworthy that the to 15% for the ttZ production and 22% for — areas such as medical imaging, hadron Sanctuary in Braga, northern Portugal, measurements can now be compared with ttW. All measurements are within the SM therapy and computing, and highlighted the from 17–22 September and attracted around predictions at next-to-next-to-leading expectations and were therefore used to set measurement enormous potential for future applications 150 participants. order (NNLO) in QCD with next-to-next- constraints on new physics. Also, for the first of high-energy physics technologies to the The mass of the top quark has always to-leading-logarithm (NNLL) soft gluon time, the search for the production of the rare The Metrolab PT2026 sets a new medical arena. triggered passionate discussion, given the resummation, as presented at TOP2017. four top-quark production at the LHC (pp → — — standard for precision magnetometers. Imaging Bio MARS increasing precision of its measurement. The Describing the differential distributions, tt tt) was shown at TOP2017. This process puts mass measurement has come a long way since for instance of the transverse momentum in perspective the different contributions from Leveraging 30 years of expertise building the first edition of the top-quark workshop, of top quarks, is an increasing challenge the gauge bosons to the overall production the world’s gold standard magnetometers, when the Tevatron Run I/II mass combination to top-quark researchers. In particular, the cross section, allowing a reinterpretation it takes magnetic eld measurement to was 172.7±2.9 GeV, to the present sub-GeV mis-modelling of the distribution tails are of the result as a constraint on the Yukawa precision obtained at the LHC in 2017. Still, coming under increasing scrutiny in case couplings of top quarks to the Higgs boson. new heights: measuring higher elds with the interpretation of the measurement, both they contain hidden signs of physics On its 10th anniversary, the series of better resolution. from theoretical and experimental points of beyond the SM, and will be a particularly International Workshops on Top Quark view, is a continuing hot topic that motivated important target of analyses at the Physics continues to build a sense of vivid sessions at TOP2017. high-luminosity LHC. A significant effort community worldwide on top-quark physics, The PT2026 offers unprecedented exibility 3D colour X-ray imaging of a mouse carried Measured cross sections for both from the theoretical community is with a strong physics case ahead. Stay in the choice of parameters, interfacing out by a start-up company based on double and single top-quark production ongoing to understand the shape of tuned for the next edition in Bad Neuenahr, and probe placement, as well as greatly CERN-developed Medipix technology. are in remarkable agreement with the SM differential distributions. Germany, in 2018. improved tolerance of inhomogeneous After an introduction regarding CERN’s elds. And with Ethernet & USB interfaces strategy for medical applications and the CERN presents high readiness-level technologies in Atlanta governance put in place for these activities R Engels and LabVIEW software, it ts perfectly into (see p5), much of the event was devoted to During the IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium modern laboratory environments. updates from individual Member States and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/ and associate Member States, where much MIC), held on 21–28 October in Atlanta in www.agence-arca.com - Photo: Scott Maxwell, Master le - Photo: Scott Maxwell, Master www.agence-arca.com activity is taking place. Some of them clearly the US, a technology-transfer programme indicated that medical applications are an organised by HEPTech, CERN and Siemens important activity in their countries, and that presented CERN technologies with a high engaging with CERN more closely is of great technology-readiness level. To be selected added value to such efforts. for the programme, the technologies had In the second half of the meeting, to prove the availability of solid academic presentations from CERN experts substance in addition to clear IP access introduced the various technology fields in conditions, applications and dissemination/ The poster-themed knowledge-transfer event was attended by more than 500 visitors. which CERN is already actively pursuing the commercialisation plans. Ten posters were application of its technologies to the medical exhibited, representing mature technologies semiconductor and gas-filled detectors that FLUKA, a particle-transport simulation fields, such as high-field superconducting originating from the US, Canada and can be applied in X-ray imaging, particle code with many applications in high-energy magnets, computing and simulations, and Europe. Seven of them visualised CERN’s track reconstruction or radiation detection particle physics and engineering; and Pantone 286 Pantone 032 high-performance particle detectors. radiation detection, pixel detector and and monitoring; GEMPix, a novel generation RaDoM, a very compact radon detector The event was an all-round success, electronic technologies, as well as software of radiation detectors for dose measurements measuring indoor radiation concentrations and more will follow this year to continue developments. in hadron therapy; NINO ASIC, an rapidly and accurately. The annual IEEE identifying ways in which CERN can Among the CERN technologies presented ultrafast and low-power front-end amplifier NSS/MIC forum is the main event for the Magnetic precision has a name www.metrolab.com contribute to the medical applications were: Timepix3, a general-purpose discriminator ASIC chip for use in medical detector and electronic community and strategy of its Member States. integrated circuit for read-out of imaging, life science or materials research; attracts more than 1500 participants.

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CCJanFeb18_Faces&Places.indd 46 03/01/2018 13:46 CCJanFeb18_Faces&Places.indd 47 03/01/2018 13:47 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 8 N u m b e r 1 J a n u ary /F e b r u a r y 2 0 1 8 CERN Courier January/February 2018 CERN Courier January/February 2018 Faces & Places Faces & Places

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Implications of LHCb results brought into focus Particle physics meets quantum optics More than 300 physicists from the LHCb Collaboration and the theory community met The sixth International Conference on New doubly-charmed χcc baryon, new results were

at CERN on 8–10 November for a workshop Frontiers in Physics (ICNFP) took place on reported– – including the prediction of a stable devoted to the implications of LHCb 17–29 August in Kolymbari, Crete, Greece, bbbu d tetraquark and a quark-level analogue measurements, the seventh since the series bringing together about 360 participants. of nuclear fusion. began. The very accurate results obtained Results from LHC Run 2 were shown, in Presentations on the future low-energy by LHCb in a broad range of topics have addition to some of the latest advances in heavy-ion accelerator centres, FAIR in made a large impact on the flavour-physics quantum optics. Darmstadt and NICA at JINR in Dubna, landscape and have implications on classes A mini-workshop dedicated to showed that the projects are progressing on of extensions of the Standard Model (SM). “highly-ionising avatars of new physics” schedule for operation in the mid-2020s. The discussions also considered the interplay brought together an ever-growing community The roundtable discussion, with panel Delegates were also treated to the role of of searches for on-shell production of of theorists, astroparticle physicists and members including former CERN director of non-commutative geometry as a way to unify new particles at ATLAS and CMS. This collider experimentalists. There were also research, Sergio Bertolucci (left), and two gauge theories and gravity, self-interactions series of joint workshops allows informal presentations of advances in the theory of directors-general of major laboratories: among right-handed neutrinos with masses discussions between theorists and LHCb highly ionising particles as well as light John Womersley of the ESS (middle) and in the warm-dark-matter regime, and the experimentalists, leading to a fruitful, monopoles, with masses accessible to LHC Victor Matveev of JINR (right). subtle physics behind sunsets and the aurora. mutual exchange of information. and future colliders, and discussions included The conference ended with two-day experimental searches both extraterrestrial entanglement and nonlocality. workshops on supergravity and strings, and New ideas and terrestrial, including results on magnetic In the exotic hadron workshop the nature a workshop on the future of fundamental Four streams were addressed: mixing monopoles from MoEDAL-LHC experiment of the exotic meson X(3872) was discussed physics. Major future projects were presented, and CP violation in beauty and charm; The attendance at the LHCb workshop in November was such that it had to be moved to that have set the strongest limits so far on in considerable detail, especially with regard together with visionary talks about the future semileptonic decays, rare decays and tests the more spacious main auditorium. high-charge monopoles at colliders. to its content: is it a mixture of a hadronic of accelerators and the challenges ahead of lepton-flavour universality; electroweak In the “quantum” workshops, this year molecule and excited charmonium, or a in the interaction of fundamental physics 0 * + physics, heavy-flavour production, data present an overwhelming agreement level, when measuring B → D( )l ν, or B c dedicated to the 85th birthday of theorist diquark–antidiquark state? Detailed studies and society. The conference also hosted a implications for PDFs and exotic searches; with the SM, but the majority of these → J/ψ l ν (with l = τ, μ or e). Taken together, Yakir Aharonov, leading experts addressed of the decay modes and pT dependence of well-attended special session on physics and QCD spectroscopy and exotic hadrons. measurements are so far statistically these anomalies represent the largest fundamental concepts and topics in quantum the production cross section in proton– education and outreach. The next ICNFP Following an experimental overview of each limited, with theoretical uncertainties coherent set of possible new-physics effects mechanics, such as continuous variables proton collisions emerged as two most conference will take place on 4–12 July 2018 stream, a series of theoretical presentations on the interpretation of the physical in the present LHCb data. and relativistic quantum information promising avenues for clarifying this issue. in Kolymbari, Crete. covered the latest calculations or suggested observables much smaller than the attainable Although there are well-motivated measurement theory, collapse, time’s arrow, Following the recent LHCb discovery of ● https://indico.cern.ch/event/559774/ interesting observables or analysis methods experimental precision. models that attempt to explain the effects, it to test new ideas. A significant part of the workshop is too early to draw definite conclusions. So V i s i t s S Bennett/CERN Examples of recent results that was devoted to exciting and intriguing far not a single LFU measurement deviates Italian minister for On 8 November, Czech have attracted a lot of interest include anomalies in the b-quark sector that test with respect to the SM above the 3σ level. education, university minister for regional spectroscopy of conventional and exotic lepton-flavour universality (LFU), a However, what is particularly interesting, and research, Valeria development Karla

hadrons such as four- and five-quark cornerstone of the SM. These anomalies is that these anomalies challenge the Ordan/CEERN J Fedeli, came to CERN Šlechtová toured CERN’s hadrons, which provide new challenges can naturally be grouped into two assumption of LFU, which we have taken on 18 December. After Synchrocyclotron, for QCD. Measurements of CP-violating categories according to the underlying for granted for many years. Furthermore, signing the guestbook ATLAS experiment and observables in B meson decays are another quark-level transition: those arising in b → these measurements have been performed + – she toured ATLAS and LHC superconducting hot topic, since they can be used to determine sl l flavour-changing neutral-currents at so far with Run-1 data only. Updates with + – met with Italian staff at magnet test hall. She is the angles of the unitarity triangle and hence one-loop level when measuring B0 → K*l l , Run-2 data are under way and should + + + – CERN. photographed signing probe for manifestations of new physics or B → K l l (with l = e or μ); and those allow LHCb to rule out the possibility of the guest book with beyond the SM paradigm. Unfortunately, the arising in b → c l ν charged-currents at tree statistical fluctuations. Manuel Heitor, minister management liaison of science, technology Vladislav Benda (left) and higher education and Czech engineer Electromagnetic interactions with nucleons J Ordan/CERN of the Portuguese David Belohrad. Republic, visited CERN S Bennett/CERN on 15 December on On 17 November, areas of nuclear and hadronic physics. of the proton; precision electroweak The 12th Electromagnetic Interactions with the occasion of the Wolfgang Burtscher, It also serves as a forum for contacts physics; and new physics searches. With Nucleons and Nuclei (EINN) conference symposium “25 Years deputy director-general took place in Paphos, Cyprus on 29 October and discussions of current and future the study of QCD being a major focus of of the LHC Experimental for research and to 4 November and attracted 84 participants developments in the field. present activities and future plans in physics Programme”, during innovation at the European from 39 institutes located in 15 countries The conference covered a wide range of research worldwide, the EINN conference which he signed an Commission (EC), visited in Europe, North America, Asia and theoretical and experimental developments will continue to provide an important administrative protocol CERN for the annual EC– Australia. The conference was dedicated in hadron physics including: contributions international forum, particularly for young between Portugal and CERN meeting, signing to the memory of Kees de Jager, the first beyond single-photon exchange; the proton physicists, for the foreseeable future. Since CERN, represented the guestbook with CERN conference chair in 1995 who passed away radius puzzle; new experimental facilities; 2011 the event has also offered dedicated by Director-General Director-General Fabiola in 2016. The conference series covers dark-matter searches; neutrino physics; skills sessions for postdoctoral fellows and Fabiola Gianotti. Gianotti. experimental and theoretical topics in the lattice QCD; spectroscopy; spin structure advanced graduate students.

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CCJanFeb18_Faces&Places.indd 48 03/01/2018 13:48 CCJanFeb18_Faces&Places.indd 49 03/01/2018 13:49 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 8 N u m b e r 1 J a n u ary /F e b r u a r y 2 0 1 8 CERN Courier January/February 2018 Faces & Places Introducing...Best Cyclotron & Best Particle Therapy Systems from TeamBest® Companies! O b i t u a r i e s Best Cyclotron Systems provides 15/20/25/30/35/70 MeV Lev Lipatov 1940–2017 Proton Cyclotrons as well as 35 & 70 MeV Multi-Particle On 4 September our friend and colleague Lev using remainder functions, and worked on (Alpha, Deuterons & Protons) Cyclotrons Nikolaevich Lipatov of the Russian Academy PNPI the duality of the BFKL pomeron with the of Sciences (RAS) passed away unexpectedly graviton. Although Lev’s work was purely Currents from 100uA to 1000uA (or higher) depending while attending a physics meeting in theoretical, he never neglected experimental on the particle beam Dubna. Lev grew up in Leningrad (now St. data: his last papers studied the application Petersburg) and entered the physics faculty of the QCD BFKL equation to HERA data, Best 20u and 30u are fully upgradeable on site at the Leningrad State University in 1957. In thus gaining a deeper understanding of his 1963 he joined the group of Vladimir Gribov “favourite child”, the BFKL pomeron. at the Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of Lev was well known in the high-energy Energy Cyclotron Isotopes Produced RAS, defending his dissertation in 1968. He physics community and was invited to give (MeV) remained in Gribov’s group when it moved talks at countless international meetings to the Leningrad Nuclear Physics Institute in and conferences. He set up numerous 18F, 99mTc, 11C, 13N, 15O, Gatchina in 1970 and obtained a permanent collaborations, paid several visits to CERN Best 15 15 64 67 124 103 position. He became a professor of physics and, since the early 1990s, made regular visits Cu, Ga, I, Pd in 1990 and, since 1997, was the director of to DESY. Lev received many national and the theory division. In 1998 he also became Lipatov was an expert in the high-energy international prizes and awards, including Best 20u/25 20, 25–15 Best 15 + 123I, 111In, 68Ge/68Ga a member of St. Petersburg State University, behaviour of quantum field theory. the research award of the Alexander where he lectured, and in 2011 he was elected von Humboldt Foundation in 1993, the Best 30u as a full member of the RAS. applying it to QCD, became known as the Pomeranchuk Prize in 2001, the Marie 30 Best 15 + 123I, 111In, 68Ge/68Ga Lev was a leading figure worldwide in “BFKL” equation. It took several years Curie Excellence Chair of the European (Upgradeable) the high-energy behaviour of quantum before this equation received international Community, hosted by Hamburg University field theory. Supported by Gribov, he began attention, but today the BFKL papers are in 2006–2009, and the European Physical Greater production of to analyse the high-energy behaviour of among the publications with the highest Society High Energy and Particle Physics Installation of Best 70 MeV Best 35 35–15 Best 15, 20u/25 isotopes QED processes and became involved in the numbers of citations in high-energy physics. Prize in 2015. As well as his research in plus 201Tl, 81Rb/81Kr investigation of the “double logarithms”. Lev’s scientific work extends much Russia, he set up collaborations in Germany, Cyclotron at Italian National His main focus was first on the Regge limit further, however. He found a new approach France, England, Spain, Israel and Chile. 82Sr/82Rb, 123I, 67Cu, (at the time, Regge theory had just started to for investigating large orders in perturbation Those who had the privilege to know Laboratories (INFN), Legnaro, IT Best 70 70–35 81 become popular for analysing high-energy theory, generalized the concept of partonic Lev up close experienced a very friendly Kr + research scattering processes), but the discovery of evolution equations beyond the leading-twist person whose interest and understanding in Bjorken scaling transferred his focus to the approximation and spent several years physics was extraordinary. In any situation kinematic limit of deep inelastic scattering. computing the NLO corrections to the he was ready and more than happy to discuss Proton-to-Carbon High Energy It was after a seminar given by Gribov when BFKL equation. He discovered that the physics, and was enthusiastic about new Particle Delivery System: Lev spotted a gap in the theoretical argument BFKL Hamiltonian (after generalizing ideas. Behind this, Lev was a loving husband – leading to the famous “GL” paper, which to many-gluon states) is equivalent to to his wife Elvira and a caring father of his Intrinsically small beams facilitating later became a theoretical cornerstone of an integrable Heisenberg spin model, daughters Irina and Katja, and their families. the DGLAP evolution equations. These are thus demonstrating that the concept of Last but not least, he was very attached to beam delivery with precision now an important pillar in the analysis of integrability plays an important role in his home city of Leningrad and to his home high-energy scattering processes at the LHC. high-energy physics, and developed a new country of Russia. Small beam sizes – small magnets, After the rise of non-abelian gauge formulation in terms of a gauge-invariant Together with his numerous collaborators light gantries – smaller footprint theories in the early 1970s, it was again the “effective action”. In gravity he discovered and friends, we deeply regret that Lev is no Regge limit that attracted Lev’s interest: the reggeization of the graviton and within longer with us. Highly efficient single turn extraction together with his collaborators in 1975 he the conjectured AdS/CFT duality he pointed ● Jochen Bartels, on behalf of his derived an integral equation which, after out the need for correcting the BDS formula collaborators and friends. Efficient extraction – less shielding Flexibility – protons and/or carbon, John Smith 1938–2017 future beam delivery modalities John Smith, an eminent theoretical particle positions at Nordita as a NATO fellow and with data. Among his early works were physicist at the C. N. Yang Institute for at the University of Adelaide as a Rothman papers on weak interactions, calculating ion Rapid Cycling Theoretical Physics (ITP) at Stony Brook fellow. In 1967 he joined the ITP as a predictions of various electroweak gauge University in the US, passed away on 16 July research associate, becoming a key member theories for neutral-current reactions and Medical Synchrotron aged 79. John, who was known by everyone of the faculty for more than three decades. using these in conjunction with new data to (iRCMS) as “Jack”, was born in Selkirk, Scotland, and Jack retired in 2007 but kept active in constrain the theories. In a 1983 paper he earned a BSc, MSc and PhD at the University research as professor emeritus. co-authored, Jack demonstrated the power of of Edinburgh. During his graduate study, he Jack made important contributions the Jacobean peak in determining the mass spent a year at the Joint Institute for Nuclear spanning a range of areas in particle physics, and width of the W boson – a method still Research (JINR) in Dubna, receiving his and a constant theme in his work was to in use today at the LHC. Over the ensuing doctorate in 1963. He held postdoctoral perform calculations that could be compared years, Jack’s often-legendary calculations TeamBest Companies © 2017–2018 Specifications shown are subject to change.

50 www.bestcyclotron.com • www.bestproton.com • www.teambest.com

CCJanFeb18_Faces&Places.indd 50 03/01/2018 13:50 BCS_BPT_UPDATEDpics_ComboAd_CERNCourier_213x282mm_v22_01022018_press.indd 1 1/2/18 4:35:02 PM CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 8 N u m b e r 1 J a n u ary /F e b r u a r y 2 0 1 8 CERN Courier January/February 2018 Faces & Places Introducing...Best Cyclotron & Best Particle Therapy Systems from TeamBest® Companies! O b i t u a r i e s Best Cyclotron Systems provides 15/20/25/30/35/70 MeV Lev Lipatov 1940–2017 Proton Cyclotrons as well as 35 & 70 MeV Multi-Particle On 4 September our friend and colleague Lev using remainder functions, and worked on (Alpha, Deuterons & Protons) Cyclotrons Nikolaevich Lipatov of the Russian Academy PNPI the duality of the BFKL pomeron with the of Sciences (RAS) passed away unexpectedly graviton. Although Lev’s work was purely Currents from 100uA to 1000uA (or higher) depending while attending a physics meeting in theoretical, he never neglected experimental on the particle beam Dubna. Lev grew up in Leningrad (now St. data: his last papers studied the application Petersburg) and entered the physics faculty of the QCD BFKL equation to HERA data, Best 20u and 30u are fully upgradeable on site at the Leningrad State University in 1957. In thus gaining a deeper understanding of his 1963 he joined the group of Vladimir Gribov “favourite child”, the BFKL pomeron. at the Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of Lev was well known in the high-energy Energy Cyclotron Isotopes Produced RAS, defending his dissertation in 1968. He physics community and was invited to give (MeV) remained in Gribov’s group when it moved talks at countless international meetings to the Leningrad Nuclear Physics Institute in and conferences. He set up numerous 18F, 99mTc, 11C, 13N, 15O, Gatchina in 1970 and obtained a permanent collaborations, paid several visits to CERN Best 15 15 64 67 124 103 position. He became a professor of physics and, since the early 1990s, made regular visits Cu, Ga, I, Pd in 1990 and, since 1997, was the director of to DESY. Lev received many national and the theory division. In 1998 he also became Lipatov was an expert in the high-energy international prizes and awards, including Best 20u/25 20, 25–15 Best 15 + 123I, 111In, 68Ge/68Ga a member of St. Petersburg State University, behaviour of quantum field theory. the research award of the Alexander where he lectured, and in 2011 he was elected von Humboldt Foundation in 1993, the Best 30u as a full member of the RAS. applying it to QCD, became known as the Pomeranchuk Prize in 2001, the Marie 30 Best 15 + 123I, 111In, 68Ge/68Ga Lev was a leading figure worldwide in “BFKL” equation. It took several years Curie Excellence Chair of the European (Upgradeable) the high-energy behaviour of quantum before this equation received international Community, hosted by Hamburg University field theory. Supported by Gribov, he began attention, but today the BFKL papers are in 2006–2009, and the European Physical Greater production of to analyse the high-energy behaviour of among the publications with the highest Society High Energy and Particle Physics Installation of Best 70 MeV Best 35 35–15 Best 15, 20u/25 isotopes QED processes and became involved in the numbers of citations in high-energy physics. Prize in 2015. As well as his research in plus 201Tl, 81Rb/81Kr investigation of the “double logarithms”. Lev’s scientific work extends much Russia, he set up collaborations in Germany, Cyclotron at Italian National His main focus was first on the Regge limit further, however. He found a new approach France, England, Spain, Israel and Chile. 82Sr/82Rb, 123I, 67Cu, (at the time, Regge theory had just started to for investigating large orders in perturbation Those who had the privilege to know Laboratories (INFN), Legnaro, IT Best 70 70–35 81 become popular for analysing high-energy theory, generalized the concept of partonic Lev up close experienced a very friendly Kr + research scattering processes), but the discovery of evolution equations beyond the leading-twist person whose interest and understanding in Bjorken scaling transferred his focus to the approximation and spent several years physics was extraordinary. In any situation kinematic limit of deep inelastic scattering. computing the NLO corrections to the he was ready and more than happy to discuss Proton-to-Carbon High Energy It was after a seminar given by Gribov when BFKL equation. He discovered that the physics, and was enthusiastic about new Particle Delivery System: Lev spotted a gap in the theoretical argument BFKL Hamiltonian (after generalizing ideas. Behind this, Lev was a loving husband – leading to the famous “GL” paper, which to many-gluon states) is equivalent to to his wife Elvira and a caring father of his Intrinsically small beams facilitating later became a theoretical cornerstone of an integrable Heisenberg spin model, daughters Irina and Katja, and their families. the DGLAP evolution equations. These are thus demonstrating that the concept of Last but not least, he was very attached to beam delivery with precision now an important pillar in the analysis of integrability plays an important role in his home city of Leningrad and to his home high-energy scattering processes at the LHC. high-energy physics, and developed a new country of Russia. Small beam sizes – small magnets, After the rise of non-abelian gauge formulation in terms of a gauge-invariant Together with his numerous collaborators light gantries – smaller footprint theories in the early 1970s, it was again the “effective action”. In gravity he discovered and friends, we deeply regret that Lev is no Regge limit that attracted Lev’s interest: the reggeization of the graviton and within longer with us. Highly efficient single turn extraction together with his collaborators in 1975 he the conjectured AdS/CFT duality he pointed ● Jochen Bartels, on behalf of his derived an integral equation which, after out the need for correcting the BDS formula collaborators and friends. Efficient extraction – less shielding Flexibility – protons and/or carbon, John Smith 1938–2017 future beam delivery modalities John Smith, an eminent theoretical particle positions at Nordita as a NATO fellow and with data. Among his early works were physicist at the C. N. Yang Institute for at the University of Adelaide as a Rothman papers on weak interactions, calculating ion Rapid Cycling Theoretical Physics (ITP) at Stony Brook fellow. In 1967 he joined the ITP as a predictions of various electroweak gauge University in the US, passed away on 16 July research associate, becoming a key member theories for neutral-current reactions and Medical Synchrotron aged 79. John, who was known by everyone of the faculty for more than three decades. using these in conjunction with new data to (iRCMS) as “Jack”, was born in Selkirk, Scotland, and Jack retired in 2007 but kept active in constrain the theories. In a 1983 paper he earned a BSc, MSc and PhD at the University research as professor emeritus. co-authored, Jack demonstrated the power of of Edinburgh. During his graduate study, he Jack made important contributions the Jacobean peak in determining the mass spent a year at the Joint Institute for Nuclear spanning a range of areas in particle physics, and width of the W boson – a method still Research (JINR) in Dubna, receiving his and a constant theme in his work was to in use today at the LHC. Over the ensuing doctorate in 1963. He held postdoctoral perform calculations that could be compared years, Jack’s often-legendary calculations TeamBest Companies © 2017–2018 Specifications shown are subject to change.

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in perturbative QCD contributed mightily Brook. His excellent pedagogical skills were toward establishing the contemporary evident in the textbook Field Theory and picture of fundamental interactions. These Particle Physics (1986), and one of the last included several papers in 1989 and the projects he worked on was the completion of a BIG SCIENCE early 1990s with various coauthors, in which new textbook on quantum field theory. calculations of the production of heavy Jack Smith’s research accomplishments quark–antiquark pairs in p̄p and pp collisions were recognised with a Humboldt Research were presented. Theese provided valuable Award and as a fellow of the American BUSINESS FORUM and timely input for the analysis of Fermilab Physical Society. In the autumn of 1993 he data by the CDF and D0 collaborations that held the visiting Kramers chair at Utrecht led to the discovery of the top quark in 1995. University, in 2005 he received the Stony In 2003, together with his colleagues Brook President’s Award for Excellence in 26-28 FEBRUARY 2018 Willy van Neerven and Vajravelu Ravindran, Smith carried out landmark calculations Scholarship and Creative Activities, and in COPENHAGEN, DENMARK Jack published a landmark calculation in QCD. October 2016 we were honoured when he was of higher-order QCD corrections to the able to participate in a symposium celebrating cross-section for Higgs-boson production in gentle personality. He gave generously of his the anniversary of the establishment of the EUROPE’S NEW ONE-STOP-SHOP ON THE BIG SCIENCE MARKET hadronic collisions. This work was valuable time to colleagues and students, and taught the ITP, in whose development he played such an in the analysis of LHC by the ATLAS and full range of courses, from advanced quantum important role. CMS collaborations that led to the discovery field theory to freshman physics. Students We miss Jack greatly. He will always be Read more and register now at www.bsbf2018.org of the Higgs boson in 2012. It was quite were very much aware of his expertise in remembered by his former students, postdocs, fitting that Jack was invited to attend the research, his dedication to teaching and colleagues and co-authors, and, indeed, by all Stay updated on @bsbf2018 and /BSBF2018 2013 ceremony at which his doctoral advisor, mentoring, and his kind nature. Jack served the people who knew him across the world. Peter Higgs, received the Nobel Prize (shared as the supervisor for many doctoral thesis ● Bernard de Wit, Rohini Godbole, Eric with François Englert). students and as a mentor for a number of Laenen, Robert Shrock, George Sterman, Jack was renowned for his modest and postdoctoral research associates at Stony and Jos Vermaseren.

Maria Krawczyk 1946–2017 Photo credit: LNM / Engage Maria Krawczyk passed away suddenly on she concentrated mainly on LHC physics. 24 May 2017. It was a shock not only for her During her career, Maria collaborated family but also for many of the physicists G Branco with many distinguished physicists around and her friends in the faculty of physics the world and coordinated a number of at the University of Warsaw and abroad. scientific grants financed by Polish and She was a very well-known and respected European agencies – right up to her last scientist within the physics community for project, HARMONIA. She served in a her passion and involvement in research, number of advisory committees and was teaching and outreach. involved in several international workshops Maria graduated from the University and conferences. Maria served on the TESLA of Warsaw, and her scientific career was collaboration board, represented Poland in intertwined with the university, first as an outreach within the European linear collider assistant, then adjunct university professor steering group, and in 2004 was invited to join and full professor. In 1975 she defended Maria Krawczyk was a proponent of the the programme committee of the Rencontres her PhD thesis under the supervision of International Linear Collider, in particular de Moriond series of conferences on QCD. the photon—photon option. Grzegorz Białkowski based on studies_ Maria enjoyed contact with students. She of the charge exchange reaction π p → was concerned not only with their scientific π0n. During a postdoc at the Max Planck including the two-Higgs-doublet models, development but also their living conditions, Institute in Munich in 1977/78 her scientific searches for light Higgs particles in existing and helped in sending them to physics interest shifted towards the parton model and planned accelerators, the CP properties schools and conferences, finding grant and quantum chromodynamics (QCD). of the scalar sector, the role of the Higgs in opportunities and editing grant applications. She worked on the hadronic properties of astrophysics and cosmology, and the structure She was very active in daily matters at the photons within QCD, where her speculations of the vacuum. She was an enthusiast for faculty and university, and engaged heavily on direct photon pair production in hard studying photon collisions at a future linear in outreach activities, giving radio and TV collisions were then verified by experiments. collider, and took an active role in workshops interviews, lecturing at scientific festivals Later she worked on the resummation of devoted to the physics potential of future and organising LHC exhibitions. higher order QCD corrections. experiments. During a stay at CERN in 2002 Maria was a very kind and helpful person. In 1990 Maria became interested in she initiated discussions and studies of CP Her advice, including in private matters, and electroweak interactions, in particular violation in non-standard Higgs models, friendliness will be greatly missed. She was “WELDED SOLUTIONS FOR COMPLEX AND the Brout–Englert–Higgs mechanism becoming an organiser of the workshop on also a beloved wife, a mother of two children of spontaneous electroweak symmetry CP studies and non-standard Higgs physics – and grandmother of four grandchildren. UNIQUE INSTALLATIONS” breaking and the Higgs sector. The Higgs which culminated in the delivery of a CERN ● Colleagues and friends from the particle became her main research direction, Yellow Report. With the advent of the LHC, University of Warsaw. www.cadinox.com

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