PARC Relocation, Reintroduction, Translocation, and Headstarting Report April 15, 2011
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Whole Blood Fatty Acid Concentrations in the San Cristóbal Galápagos Tortoise (Chelonoidis Chathamensis)
Whole blood fatty acid concentrations in the San Cristóbal Galápagos tortoise (Chelonoidis chathamensis) Khushboo Dass1, Gregory A. Lewbart1, Juan Pablo Muñoz-Pérez2,3, Maryuri I. Yépez4, Andrea Loyola4, Emile Chen5 and Diego Páez-Rosas3 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America 2 Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia 3 USFQ & UNC-Chapel Hill Galápagos Science Center (GSC), Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador 4 Direcion Parque Nacional Galápagos, Islas Galápagos, Ecuador 5 9 Oneida Court, Chester Springs, PA, United States of America ABSTRACT To continue releasing San Cristóbal Galápagos tortoises housed in managed-care facil- ities at the Giant Tortoise Breeding Center of Galápagos National Park (Galapaguera de Cerro Colorado) to the Otoy Ecological Farm, health assessments and physical examinations were conducted. As a part of these wellness examinations, blood was drawn from 11 tortoises to analyze fatty acid concentrations. Fatty acid levels can provide insight into the nutritional profiles, immune status, and reproductive health of vertebrates. To the co-author's knowledge, there is no current information about fatty acids in this species. It was hypothesized that there would be inherent differences based on the different geographic ranges, diets, sex, and age of turtles. It was noted that the !-6/!-3 ratio was higher for the breeding center than for the ecological farm and that overall polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) did not have any significant differences. The !-6/!-3 findings can contribute to a global picture of these fatty acids across taxa, as reptiles are underrepresented in this area of research. -
AN INTRODUCTION to Texas Turtles
TEXAS PARKS AND WILDLIFE AN INTRODUCTION TO Texas Turtles Mark Klym An Introduction to Texas Turtles Turtle, tortoise or terrapin? Many people get confused by these terms, often using them interchangeably. Texas has a single species of tortoise, the Texas tortoise (Gopherus berlanderi) and a single species of terrapin, the diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin). All of the remaining 28 species of the order Testudines found in Texas are called “turtles,” although some like the box turtles (Terrapene spp.) are highly terrestrial others are found only in marine (saltwater) settings. In some countries such as Great Britain or Australia, these terms are very specific and relate to the habit or habitat of the animal; in North America they are denoted using these definitions. Turtle: an aquatic or semi-aquatic animal with webbed feet. Tortoise: a terrestrial animal with clubbed feet, domed shell and generally inhabiting warmer regions. Whatever we call them, these animals are a unique tie to a period of earth’s history all but lost in the living world. Turtles are some of the oldest reptilian species on the earth, virtually unchanged in 200 million years or more! These slow-moving, tooth less, egg-laying creatures date back to the dinosaurs and still retain traits they used An Introduction to Texas Turtles | 1 to survive then. Although many turtles spend most of their lives in water, they are air-breathing animals and must come to the surface to breathe. If they spend all this time in water, why do we see them on logs, rocks and the shoreline so often? Unlike birds and mammals, turtles are ectothermic, or cold- blooded, meaning they rely on the temperature around them to regulate their body temperature. -
The Conservation Biology of Tortoises
The Conservation Biology of Tortoises Edited by Ian R. Swingland and Michael W. Klemens IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group and The Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology Occasional Papers of the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) No. 5 IUCN—The World Conservation Union IUCN Species Survival Commission Role of the SSC 3. To cooperate with the World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC) The Species Survival Commission (SSC) is IUCN's primary source of the in developing and evaluating a data base on the status of and trade in wild scientific and technical information required for the maintenance of biological flora and fauna, and to provide policy guidance to WCMC. diversity through the conservation of endangered and vulnerable species of 4. To provide advice, information, and expertise to the Secretariat of the fauna and flora, whilst recommending and promoting measures for their con- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna servation, and for the management of other species of conservation concern. and Flora (CITES) and other international agreements affecting conser- Its objective is to mobilize action to prevent the extinction of species, sub- vation of species or biological diversity. species, and discrete populations of fauna and flora, thereby not only maintain- 5. To carry out specific tasks on behalf of the Union, including: ing biological diversity but improving the status of endangered and vulnerable species. • coordination of a programme of activities for the conservation of biological diversity within the framework of the IUCN Conserva- tion Programme. Objectives of the SSC • promotion of the maintenance of biological diversity by monitor- 1. -
Can Unwanted Suburban Tortoises Rescue Native Hawaiian Plants?
CAN UNWANTED SUBURBAN TORTOISES RESCUE NATIVE HAWAIIAN PLANTS? by David A. Burney, James O. Juvik, Lida Pigott Burney, and Tomas Diagne 104 THE TORTOISE ・ 2012 hrough a series of coincidences, surplus pet tortoises in Hawaii may end up offering a partial solution to the seemingly insurmountable challenge posed by invasive plants in the Makauwahi Cave Reserve Ton Kaua`i. This has come about through a serendipitous intersection of events in Africa, the Mascarene Islands, North America, and Hawaii. The remote Hawaiian Islands were beyond the reach of naturally dispersing island tortoises, but the niches were apparently still there. Giant flightless ducks and geese evolved on these islands with tortoise-like beaks and other adaptations as terrestrial “meso-herbivores.” Dating of these remarkable fossil remains shows that they went extinct soon after the arrival of Polynesians at the beginning of the last millennium leaving the niches for large native herbivores entirely empty. Other native birds, including important plant pollinators, and some plant species have also suffered extinction in recent centuries. This trend accelerated after European settlement ecosystem services and a complex mix of often with the introduction of many invasive alien plants conflicting stakeholder interests clearly requires and the establishment of feral ungulate populations new paradigms and new tools. such as sheep, goats, cattle, and European swine, as Lacking any native mammalian herbivores, the well as other insidious invasives such as deer, rats, majority of the over 1,000 native Hawaiian plant mongoose, feral house cats, and even mosquitoes, species on the islands have been widely regarded which transmit avian malaria to a poorly resistant in the literature as singularly lacking in defensive native avifauna. -
In AR, FL, GA, IA, KY, LA, MO, OH, OK, SC, TN, and TX): Species in Red = Depleted to the Point They May Warrant Federal Endangered Species Act Listing
Southern and Midwestern Turtle Species Affected by Commercial Harvest (in AR, FL, GA, IA, KY, LA, MO, OH, OK, SC, TN, and TX): species in red = depleted to the point they may warrant federal Endangered Species Act listing Common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) – AR, GA, IA, KY, MO, OH, OK, SC, TX Florida common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina osceola) - FL Southern painted turtle (Chrysemys dorsalis) – AR Western painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) – IA, MO, OH, OK Spotted turtle (Clemmys gutatta) - FL, GA, OH Florida chicken turtle (Deirochelys reticularia chrysea) – FL Western chicken turtle (Deirochelys reticularia miaria) – AR, FL, GA, KY, MO, OK, TN, TX Barbour’s map turtle (Graptemys barbouri) - FL, GA Cagle’s map turtle (Graptemys caglei) - TX Escambia map turtle (Graptemys ernsti) – FL Common map turtle (Graptemys geographica) – AR, GA, OH, OK Ouachita map turtle (Graptemys ouachitensis) – AR, GA, OH, OK, TX Sabine map turtle (Graptemys ouachitensis sabinensis) – TX False map turtle (Graptemys pseudogeographica) – MO, OK, TX Mississippi map turtle (Graptemys pseuogeographica kohnii) – AR, TX Alabama map turtle (Graptemys pulchra) – GA Texas map turtle (Graptemys versa) - TX Striped mud turtle (Kinosternon baurii) – FL, GA, SC Yellow mud turtle (Kinosternon flavescens) – OK, TX Common mud turtle (Kinosternon subrubrum) – AR, FL, GA, OK, TX Alligator snapping turtle (Macrochelys temminckii) – AR, FL, GA, LA, MO, TX Diamond-back terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) – FL, GA, LA, SC, TX River cooter (Pseudemys concinna) – AR, FL, -
The Western Pond Turtle (Emys Marmorata) in the San Diego MSCP and Surrounding Areas Melanie Madden-Smith
The Western Pond Turtle (Emys marmorata) in the San Diego MSCP and Surrounding Areas Melanie Madden-Smith U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Purpose Determine the current distribution and population status of the western pond turtle in the San Diego MSCP and surrounding areas. Determine wetland and upland habitat value. Provide management recommendations for the San Diego MSCP. Background- Western Pond Turtle Decline in Southern California Only turtle native to coastal California. Historically occurred in most major coast facing drainages from northern Baja to Washington (Jennings and Hayes 1994). Work by Brattstrom and Messer (1988) suggested only a few populations of pond turtles remained in Southern California and those that did were comprised of few individuals. Background- Western Pond Turtle Decline in Southern California Principal cause of pond turtle decline is riparian habitat loss and alteration. Exotic turtles thought to out-compete for resources (food and basking spots), transmit diseases. Other introduced species, such as large mouth bass and crayfish. Habitat Decline or Destruction Study Area Types of Surveys Trapping Visual Checking Traps by Land Checking Traps by Boat Removing Pond Turtles (7) from Trap Pond Turtle Processing Shell measurements Weight Sex Deformities Injuries Assigned Unique ID Marking Rt Femoral Scute Front Carapace Plastron Other Animals Captured Exotic Turtle Species Captured Red-eared Slider Yellow-bellied Slider Unknown Slider Species Painted Turtle Mud Turtle Exotic Turtle Species Captured False Map Turtle Mississippi Map Turtle Spiny Softshell Snapping Turtle Results- Turtle Detections San Diego County: June - October 2002/2003 336 total (7 species; 10 subspecies) 263 exotics (6 species, 9 subspecies) 73 pond turtles Pond Turtle and Exotic Turtle Locations Pond Turtles Exotic Turtles Habitat Types and Human Access Habitat Types: Natural- ponds, wetlands, etc. -
Invasion of the Turtles? Wageningen Approach
Alterra is part of the international expertise organisation Wageningen UR (University & Research centre). Our mission is ‘To explore the potential of nature to improve the quality of life’. Within Wageningen UR, nine research institutes – both specialised and applied – have joined forces with Wageningen University and Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences to help answer the most important questions in the domain of healthy food and living environment. With approximately 40 locations (in the Netherlands, Brazil and China), 6,500 members of staff and 10,000 students, Wageningen UR is one of the leading organisations in its domain worldwide. The integral approach to problems and the cooperation between the exact sciences and the technological and social disciplines are at the heart of the Invasion of the turtles? Wageningen Approach. Alterra is the research institute for our green living environment. We offer a combination of practical and scientific Exotic turtles in the Netherlands: a risk assessment research in a multitude of disciplines related to the green world around us and the sustainable use of our living environment, such as flora and fauna, soil, water, the environment, geo-information and remote sensing, landscape and spatial planning, man and society. Alterra report 2186 ISSN 1566-7197 More information: www.alterra.wur.nl/uk R.J.F. Bugter, F.G.W.A. Ottburg, I. Roessink, H.A.H. Jansman, E.A. van der Grift and A.J. Griffioen Invasion of the turtles? Commissioned by the Invasive Alien Species Team of the Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority Invasion of the turtles? Exotic turtles in the Netherlands: a risk assessment R.J.F. -
Turtles of the Upper Mississippi River System
TURTLES OF THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER SYSTEM Tom R. Johnson and Jeffrey T. Briggler Herpetologists Missouri Department of Conservation Jefferson City, MO March 27, 2012 Background: A total of 13 species and subspecies of turtles are known to live in the Upper Mississippi River, its backwaters and tributaries. There are a few species that could be found occasionally, but would likely account for less than 5% of the species composition of any area. These species are predominantly marsh animals and are discussed in a separate section of this paper. For additional information on turtle identification and natural history see Briggler and Johnson (2006), Christiansen and Bailey (1988), Conant and Collins (1998), Ernst and Lovich (2009), Johnson (2000), and Vogt (1981). This information is provided to the fisheries field staff of the LTRM project so they will be able to identify the turtles captured during fish monitoring. The most current taxonomic information of turtles was used to compile this material. The taxonomy followed in this publication is the Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding (6th edition) by Crothers (2008). Species Identification, Natural History and Distribution: What follows is a synopsis of the 13 turtle species and subspecies which are known to occur in the Upper Mississippi River environs. Species composition changes between the upper and lower reaches of the LTRM study area (Wisconsin/Minnesota state line and southeastern Missouri) due to changes in aquatic habitats. For example, the Northern Map Turtle (Graptemys geographica) is abundant in the northern portion of the river with clearer water and abundant snail prey. -
Information from Wisconsin DNR Western Painted Turtle (Chrysemys Picta Bellii)
TURTLES OF WISCONSIN Information from Wisconsin DNR Western Painted Turtle (Chrysemys picta bellii) Size: carapace 4 to 8 in. Description: Wisconsin has two subspecies of painted turtles that intergrade throughout much of the state. The western subspecies is typically found in extreme northwestern and western portions of the state. The painted turtle is distinguished by a relatively flat, smooth, keelless carapace that lacks serrations along the rear edge. The western’s carapace tends to be greenish, but is sometimes blackish. Its plastron is usually light orange to reddish with a large symmetrical “oak leaf” shaped gray blotch covering much of it. The western painted turtle’s head and legs are dark with thin yellow stripes. Painted turtles prefer to live in marshes, ponds, shallow bays of lakes, and backwaters of rivers that support dense aquatic vegetation. The western painted turtle is Wisconsin’s most abundant turtle species. Stinkpot Turtle (Sternotherus odoratus) Size: carapace 3.5 to 5.5 in. Description: The common musk, one of the world’s smallest turtles, is also known as the stinkpot; an appropriate name considering the foul musk it emits when seized. Its carapace is brownish-black, elongated and domed. Its plastron, which is reduced in size, allows the legs a greater range of motion than most turtles, but also makes the stinkpot more vulnerable to predators. Its head has a sharply pointed snout with two thin, whitish-yellow stripes running along either side and onto the neck. The stinkpot has small, poorly webbed feet and short legs. They prefer habitats with abundant aquatic vegetation, which they use for climbing to the surface. -
A Field Guide to South Dakota Turtles
A Field Guide to SOUTH DAKOTA TURTLES EC919 South Dakota State University | Cooperative Extension Service | USDA U.S. Geological Survey | South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit South Dakota Department of Game, Fish & Parks This publication may be cited as: Bandas, Sarah J., and Kenneth F. Higgins. 2004. Field Guide to South Dakota Turtles. SDCES EC 919. Brookings: South Dakota State University. Copies may be obtained from: Dept. of Wildlife & Fisheries Sciences South Dakota State University Box 2140B, NPBL Brookings SD 57007-1696 South Dakota Dept of Game, Fish & Parks 523 E. Capitol, Foss Bldg Pierre SD 57501 SDSU Bulletin Room ACC Box 2231 Brookings, SD 57007 (605) 688–4187 A Field Guide to SOUTH DAKOTA TURTLES EC919 South Dakota State University | Cooperative Extension Service | USDA U.S. Geological Survey | South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit South Dakota Department of Game, Fish & Parks Sarah J. Bandas Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences South Dakota State University NPB Box 2140B Brookings, SD 57007 Kenneth F. Higgins U.S. Geological Survey South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit South Dakota State University NPB Box 2140B Brookings, SD 57007 Contents 2 Introduction . .3 Status of South Dakota turtles . .3 Fossil record and evolution . .4 General turtle information . .4 Taxonomy of South Dakota turtles . .9 Capturing techniques . .10 Turtle handling . .10 Turtle habitats . .13 Western Painted Turtle (Chrysemys picta bellii) . .15 Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) . .17 Spiny Softshell Turtle (Apalone spinifera) . .19 Smooth Softshell Turtle (Apalone mutica) . .23 False Map Turtle (Graptemys pseudogeographica) . .25 Western Ornate Box Turtle (Terrapene ornata ornata) . -
Annual Report 2016 Reporte Anual 2016 2017 Preview Avances 2017
CHARLES DARWIN FOUNDATION FOR THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS FUNDACIÓN CHARLES DARWIN PARA LAS ISLAS GALÁPAGOS Annual Report 2016 Reporte Anual 2016 2017 Preview Avances 2017 CHARLES DARWIN FOUNDATION FOR THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS FUNDACIÓN CHARLES DARWIN PARA LAS ISLAS GALÁPAGOS Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz, Galápagos, Ecuador. + 593 (5) 2526 146 / www.darwinfoundation.org / [email protected] Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz, Galápagos, Ecuador. + 593 (5) 2526 146 / www.darwinfoundation.org / [email protected] The “Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands”. In French “Fondation Charles Darwin pour les îles Galapagos”, Association Internationale sans but lucratif, La "Fundación Charles Darwin para las Islas Galápagos". En francés “Fondation Charles Darwin pour les îles Galapagos”, Association Internationale sans but lucratif, has its registered oice located at Drève du Pieuré 19,1160 Brussels, and is registered under the trade registry of Brussels under the number 0409.359.103, (the “AISBL”). tiene su domicilio social ubicado en Drève du Pieuré 19.1160 Bruselas, y está registrado bajo el registro comercial de Bruselas bajo el número 0409.359.103, (el "AISBL"). CHARLES DARWIN FOUNDATION FOR THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS / Annual Report ISLANDS 2016 - 2017 Preview THE GALAPAGOS FOR FOUNDATION DARWIN CHARLES 2017 Anual 2016 / Avance / Informe GALÁPAGOS ISLAS LAS PARA DARWIN CHARLES FUNDACIÓN 2 © Daniel Unda García / CDF 3 © Andrés Cruz / CDF Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations 7 Mission and Vision 9 Executive Summary 10 President’s Letter 13 Executive Director’s -
San Diego History Center Is a Museum, Education Center, and Research Library Founded As the San Diego Historical Society in 1928
The Journal of San Diego Volume 61 Winter 2015 Numbers 1 • The Journal of San Diego History Diego San of Journal 1 • The Numbers 2015 Winter 61 Volume History Publication of The Journal of San Diego History is underwritten by a major grant from the Quest for Truth Foundation, established by the late James G. Scripps. Additional support is provided by “The Journal of San Diego History Fund” of the San Diego Foundation and private donors. The San Diego History Center is a museum, education center, and research library founded as the San Diego Historical Society in 1928. Its activities are supported by: the City of San Diego’s Commission for Arts and Culture; the County of San Diego; individuals; foundations; corporations; fund raising events; membership dues; admissions; shop sales; and rights and reproduction fees. Articles appearing in The Journal of San Diego History are abstracted and indexed in Historical Abstracts and America: History and Life. The paper in the publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Science-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Front Cover: Clockwise: Casa de Balboa—headquarters of the San Diego History Center in Balboa Park. Photo by Richard Benton. Back Cover: San Diego & Its Vicinity, 1915 inside advertisement. Courtesy of SDHC Research Archives. Design and Layout: Allen Wynar Printing: Crest Offset Printing Editorial Assistants: Travis Degheri Cynthia van Stralen Joey Seymour The Journal of San Diego History IRIS H. W. ENGSTRAND MOLLY McCLAIN Editors THEODORE STRATHMAN DAVID MILLER Review Editors Published since 1955 by the SAN DIEGO HISTORICAL SOCIETY 1649 El Prado, Balboa Park, San Diego, California 92101 ISSN 0022-4383 The Journal of San Diego History VOLUME 61 WINTER 2015 NUMBER 1 Editorial Consultants Published quarterly by the San Diego History Center at 1649 El Prado, Balboa MATTHEW BOKOVOY Park, San Diego, California 92101.